A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY, PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY REINWARDTIA A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY, PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY Vol. 13(4): 317 — 3 8 9 , December 20, 2012 Chief Editor Kartini Kramadibrata (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Editors Dedy Darnaedi (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Tukirin Partomihardjo (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Joeni Setijo Rahajoe (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Teguh Triono (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Marlina Ardiyani (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Eizi Suzuki (Kagoshima University, Japan) Jun Wen (Smithsonian Natural History Museum, USA) Managing editor Himmah Rustiami (Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesia) Secretary Endang Tri Utami Lay out editor Deden Sumirat Hidayat Illustrators Subari Wahyudi Santoso Anne Kusumawaty Reviewers Ed de Vogel (Netherlands), Henk van der Werff (USA), Irawati (Indonesia), Jan F. Veldkamp (Netherlands), Jens G. Rohwer (Denmark), Lauren M. Gardiner (UK), Masahiro Kato (Japan), Marshall D. Sunberg (USA), Martin Callmander (USA), Rugayah (Indonesia), Paul Forster (Australia), Peter Hovenkamp (Netherlands), Ulrich Meve (Germany). Correspondence on editorial matters and subscriptions for Reinwardtia should be addressed to: HERBARIUM BOGORIENSE, BOTANY DIVISION, RESEARCH CENTER FOR BIOLOGY-LIPI, CIBINONG 16911, INDONESIA E-mail: reinwardtia@mail.lipi.go.id REINWARDTIA Vol 13, No 4, pp: 379 - 387 THE ORCHID GENUS DILOCHIA IN INDONESIA Received July 11, 2011; accepted October 25, 2012 DIAH SULISTIARINI Herbarium Bogoriense, Botany Division, Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta -Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia. E-mail: dsulistiarini@yahoo.com ABSTRACT SULISTIARINI, D. 2012. The orchids genus Dilochia in Indonesia. Reinwardtia 13(4): 379-387. — Five species of Dilochia (D. cantleyi, D. longilabris, D. parviflora, D. rigida and D. wallichii) have been recognized in Indonesia. One species from Sumatra is proposed as new species. Descriptions and identification key to all species based on morpho- logical characters are presented. Keywords: Orchid, Dilochia, Indonesia, new species. ABSTRAK SULISTIARINI, D. 2012. Anggrek marga Dilochia di Indonesia. Reinwardtia 13(4): 379-387. — Marga Dilochia di Indonesia diwakili oleh lima jenis (D. cantleyi, D. longilabris, D. parviflora, D. rigida dan D. walichii). Satu jenis baru dari Sumatera diusulkan. Pertelaan, kunci identifikasi jenis berdasarkan ciri-ciri morfologinya serta daftar spesimen herbarium yang diperiksa disertakan. Kata kunci: Anggrek, Dilochia, Indonesia, jenis baru. INTRODUCTION Orchid is one of flowering plants which have high species diversity. According to O'Byrne (1994) there are about 17.000 to 35.000 orchid spe- cies belong to 750 to 850 genera listed in the world. Approximately 6.000 species are expected to occur in Indonesia (Vogel, 1988). Dilochia Lindl. is a small genus in the Orchi- daceae, included one of the terrestrial or epiphyte orchid which is grown in monopodial type, stem vigorous, green colored, unpseudobulb, leaves ovate, enlarge and stiff. The genus was established by Lindley (1830) based on Wallich Catalogue number 1952 from Singapore. According to some available references, at least 7 species of Dilochia were distributed in Southeast Asia region (Comber, 1990; 2001; Seidenfaden & Wood, 1992; Wood et al., 1993). The Kew World Checklist of Selected Families reported 8 species of Dilochia of which 7 species are from Southeast Asia and one from My- anmar. In Indonesia the genus Dilochia was known from several island. Comber (1999, 2000) recogniz- es one species in Java (D. wallichii) and 2 species in Sumatra (D. cantleyi and D. wallichii). Whereas Wood et al. (1993) reported 4 species present in Borneo (D. cantleyi, D. parviflora, D. rigida and D. wallichii). Formerly this genus was grouped into the ge- nus Arundina, two of those species D. cantleyi and D. wallichii were named as A. cantleyi and A. wal- lichii by Hooker (1890). However Thomas (1992) distinguished these two genera based on the fruits. Dilochia has globosely fruits and Arundina has elongate fruits. Recent study, based on herbarium specimens (BO) indicated that the two genera have similar lip but differ in number of keel. Arundina has 3 keels where as Dilochia has 5 keels. So far a detailed study on the genus Dilochia is still limited, there- fore the study is conducted to understand how many species of this orchid occur in Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The materials for examination were the orchid herbarium specimens stored in the Herbarium Bo- goriense (BO) for both dried and wet collection. For this research, the methods adopted de Vogel (1987). Firstly, all available specimens are performed as unidentified species, then the specimens were grouping according to the taxonomic similarity; each group was then provided with an analytical description using the strongest characteristic for a diagnostic of the group. In order to understand their taxon status, the characteristic of each group was compared to earlier available description of Dilo- chia. Some information such as distribution, ecolo- gy, habitat, altitude and collector's notes from each specimen were recorded. Based on those data, the identification key to the species and the descriptions can be provided. 379 380 REINWARDTIA [VOL.13 TAXONOMIC TREATMENT DILOCHIA Lindl. Dilochia Lindl., Gen. et Sp. Orch.: 38. 1830; Ridley, Orch. & Apost. Mai. Pen.: 332. 1896; J. J. Smith, Orch. Jav.: 231. 1905; C. A. Backer, Bekn. Fl. Jav. Orch. I: 151. 1952; C. A. Backer, Fl. Jav.: 292. 1968; J. B. Comber, Orch. Jav.: 88. 1990; G. Seidenfaden & J. J. Wood, Orch. Mai. Pen. & Sing.: 148. 1992. — Type: Dilochia wallichii Lindl. ex Wall, (holo SING). Plants terrestrial or epiphytes, glabrous, ex- cept in some species the bracts inside hairy. Stems erect, terete, covered with leaf sheaths, lowers ones without a developed blade. Leaves alternate, herba- ceous or papyraceous; leaf sheath not swollen, tubu- lar around the stem. Leaf blade articulate with the sheath; base petiole-like, clasping the stem, broadly sessile; curvinerved or nerves parallel, all fine, rare- ly indistinct. Raceme few-branched or panicle, ter- minal. Peduncle often enclosed by sterile bracts. Rachis erect, straight. Floral bracts patent, boat- shaped; inside with or without hair-like processes. Flowers resupinate, distichous, rather closed, in most species opening simultans. Pedicel twisted, in section triangular. Sepals free, the median slightly different from the sepals, all nerves equal. Lip boat- shaped, about parallel to the column, with lateral lobes, 3-lobes, in side with keels. Hypochilium broadly sessile. Epichilium recurved, broadly at- tached to the hypochilium; margin undulates. Col- umn slender, in front view club shape, widened or slightly widened at the top, front margin fleshy or wing-like; column foot absent or present. Anther heart-shaped. Polinia 8 in 2 groups. Distribution. South-east Asia from Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia through Indonesia to the Phil- ippines and New Guinea. So far there are 6 species of Dilochia in Indonesia one of them is expected as new species. Identifica- tion key to the six species recorded in this study as follows: 1 a. Leaves linear-elliptic, less than 1 cm wide. Flowers 5 or less, in a short con- densed inflorescence b. Leaves narrowly ovate to ovate, more than 2 cm wide. Flowers more than 7, in an elongated inflorescence 2 a. Column foot distinctly developed. Epichilium 1.5-3 mm long b. Column foot not present. Epichilium more than 5 mm long 3 a. Column laterally with fleshy, somewhat swollen margins. Keels in the back of the hypochilium ca. 2 mm high, in the front part of the hypochilium descending to ca. 1 mm high b. Column laterally with thin, wing-like margins, especially to the top. Keels in the back of the hypochilium less than 1.5 m high, in the front part of the hypochili- um descending to less than or up to 0.5 mm high 4 a. Epichilium about rectangular, 9-12 mm long, about as long as or longer than the hypochilium b. Epichilium about rhomboid, up to 7 mm long, shorter than the hypochilium 5 a. b. D. rigida 2 D. parviflora 3 D. carnosa D. longilabris Floral bracts about two times as long as wide when flattened, 19-25 by 6-10 mm. Top acuminate. Keels in the back of the hypochilium high plate-like, with about straight or undulating margin, but never irregularly Floral bracts about as wide as long, flattened, 5-17 by 8-14 mm, top acute. Keels in the back of the hypochilium about as wide or wider than high with ir- regular warty margin D. wallichii D. cantleyi 2012] SULISTIARINI: The genus Dilochia in Indonesia 1. DILOCHIA CANTLEYI (Hook, f.) Ridl, Journ. Linn. Soc. XXXII (1896):332; J. J. Sm., Enum. Orch. Sumatra (1933): 186; Carr., Gard. Bull. Sing. (1938) 8:237; Hender., Mai. Wild. Fl. (1954):54; Holtt., Fl. Malaya (1964): 190. - Arundina cantleyi Hook, f., Fl. Brit. Ind. (1890) 5: 858. - Type: Malay Peninsula Perak, G. Bubu, alt. 4500-5400 ft., Cant- ley, Wray. (n.v.) Plant over 60 cm long. Leafsheath appressed, free part 0.7-1.5 cm long, rather smooth, laterally with few raised nerves. Leafblade narrowly ovate to ovate, 2.7-14 by 1-2.6 cm; petiole-like base, ca. 0.5 mm long; top acute to acuminate. Panicle 1-4 branched, 7-20 flowered, 7-14 cm long; branches 3 -7 flowered. Peduncle consisting of 1-2 internodes, ca. 1 cm long, enclosed by 1-2 sterile, at the base tubular, acute to acuminate bracts. Rachis ca. 7.5 cm long, ca. 3 mm diam.; internodes 9-20 mm long. Sterile bracts at the base of the branches ca. patent, deeply boat-shaped; in natural position seen from the side narrowly ovate, 13-34 by 8-26 mm when folded flat; top acuminate, the lowermost bract sometimes drawn out into a leaf blade-like tip. Floral bracts elliptic, 5-17 by 8-14 mm when flat- tened; top acute. Pedicel ca. 10 by 1 mm. Ovary ca. 3 by 2 mm. Median sepal narrowly elliptic to ob- long, 10-24 by 4-8 mm; top acute; nerves 8. Lateral sepals obliquely narrowly oblong to ovate oblong, 11-23 by 4-8 mm; base broadly attached, oblique; top acute; nerves 8. Petals thinner than sepals, nar- rowly obovate-oblong to obovate-lanceolate, 1 1 - 20 by 2-6 mm; base broadly attached, slightly swol- len; top obtuse-acute; nerves 7. Lip 11-20 by 6-12 mm over the lateral lobes when flattened. Hy- pochilium 6-15 mm long, lateral lobes erect pro- jecting forwards with rounded top, ca. 2 by 1 mm; nerves many, fine; keels over the entire length of the hypochilium, in the back about as wide or wider than high, in the front part of the hypochilium de- scending to ca. 0.5 mm, with irregular warty mar- gin. Epichilium ca. rhomboid with rounded corners, 5-7 by 4-8 mm; top obtuse to truncate; keels 5, with warty margin, the central 3 continuation of those on the hypochilium and lateral ones continu- ing somewhat on the hypochilium. Column ca. 15 by 2 mm, margin narrowly wing-like, ca. 1 mm wide; top irregular, stelidia not hardly developed. Rostellum ca. 1.5 by 1.5 mm. Anther 2 by 2 mm. Fruit beaked, the perianth and column long persis- tent; body ellipsoid, with 3 grooves which wide near the top, margin of grooves somewhat swollen valves, smooth, midrib faint, 22-25 by 10-14 mm. Distribution. West Malesia, in Indonesia can be found in Sumatra and West Papua (Fig. 1). Ecology. Forested ridge. Altitude 1000 to 2100 m. Collector notes. Epiphyte, solitary or sometimes somewhat gregarious along wood-border on stony soil, rather common. Ascending, hardly branched. Stem carmine brownish. Leave above some what dark green below a little lighter. Flower cream, white or yellow to yellowish green, lip purple. Specimens examined. Sumatra, Aceh, fl. December 1927, van Stenis 9165 (BO); Bengkulu, s.d:. Wynling 54 (BO); Pangkulubahu eastern Toba: fl. September 1914, Lorzing 17101 (BO). Papua: Mt. Watjetoni, Kebar valley: fl. 24 November 1960, alt. 1000 m, Chr. Versteegh BW 10344 (BO). 2. DILOCHIA LONGILABRIS J. J. Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. III. (1931) XI: 3. - Type: East Kalimantan, West Kutai, G. Kemul, primary forest, alt. 1200 m, fl. 26-27 September 1925, Endert 3597 (BO!, L). Plant over 91 cm long. Leafsheath longitudi- nal ribbed, free part 2-5 cm long; lower ones wid- ened at the top, higher ones enclosing the stem tightly over the entire length. Leafblade narrowly ovate to ovate, 12-16 by 3.5-7 cm; petiole-like base, ca. 0.5 cm long; top cuspidate. Panicle 2- branched, 16- flowered, ca. 11 cm long; branched 4 -8 flowered. Peduncle consisting of 3 internode, ca. 2 cm long, enclosed by 3 sterile, acuminate bracts. Rachis 9 cm long, 1-2 mm diam.; internodes 5-15 mm long. Sterile bracts at the peduncle, in natural position seen from the side narrowly ovate, 2-3.3 by 0.5-0.7 cm; top of the lowermost drawn out into a leaf-like tip. Floral bracts in natural position seen from the side narrowly ovate, 10-20 by 5-10 mm; top acuminate. Flowers opening few at the same time. Pedicel ca. 10 by 1 mm. Ovary ca. 7 by 2 mm. Median sepal narrowly triangular, 20-25 by 5-6 mm; top acute, developed into a wing, ca. 0.5 mm wide; nerves 13. Lateral sepals in front view nar- rowly ovate, 21-24 by 5 mm; oblique; top cuspi- date, developed into a wing 1-3 mm; nerves 5, not prominent. Petals narrowly ovate to oblong, 20-23 by 7 mm; oblique; top acute; nerves 11. Lip 18-20 by 7 mm. Hypochilium 8-10 mm long, broadly ses- sile; lateral lobes ca. erect, projecting forwards with rounded top, ca. 2 by 1 mm; nerves prominent; keels 3, over the entire length of the hypochilium, in 382 REINWARDTIA [VOL.13 the front part of hypochilium descending to ca. 0.1 mm, relatively wide apart at the base starting, ca. 0.5 mm high, laterally at the place of attachment, toward the top all slightly undulating. Epichilium about rectangular, 9-12 by ca. 5 mm; top obtuse to truncate; keels 5, with undulating margin, the cen- tral 3 continuation of those on the hypochilium, the lateral ones continuing somewhat on the hyopochili- um. Column 12-18 by 3-4 mm; margin narrowly wing-like, ca. 1 mm wide; top irregular, stelidia hardly developed; column foot not present. Rostel- lum ca. 4 by 3 mm. Anther ca. 2 by 2 mm. Distribution. Borneo including Kalimantan (Fig.l). Ecology. Mountains Primary forest at altitude 1200 m. Collectors note. Large epiphyte, herb. Flower out side with reddish violet markings (dots and dashes) inside whitish. Lip with longitudinal reddish violet markings. Notes. The species very close to D. wallichii but they have some differences on leaf sheath, epichili- um and wing on the column. Wood et al. (1993) did not mention about this species. They mentioned only 4 species of Dilochia in Borneo, there are D. cantleyi, D. parviflora, D. rigida and D. wallichii. Specimen examined. Only type specimen is available. East Kalimantan, West Kutai, G. Kemul, primary forest, alt. 1200 m, fl. 26-27 September 1925, Endert 3597 (BO!, L). 3. DILOCHIA PARVIFLORA J. J. Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. 1931. III. XI: 112; Carr., Gard. Bull. Sing. (1938) 8:238. - Type: East Kalimantan, West Kutei, G. Kemul, primary forest, alt. 1800 m, fl. October 1925, Endert 4262 (BO!). Plant over 40 cm long. Leafsheath appressed, free part 2-2.5 cm long, rather smooth, laterally with few raised nerves. Leajblade narrowly ovate, 5.5-7 by 1.5-2.4 cm; petiole-like base, ca. 3 mm long; top acuminate. Panicle, 10 flowered, 7- branched, ca. 1.2 cm long. Peduncle consisting of one internode, ca. 1.8-2.5 cm long, sterile bract not seen. Rachis 10 cm long, 2 mm diam.; internode 10 -13 mm long. Sterile bracts at the base of the branches ca. patent, boat-shaped; in natural position seen from the side narrowly ovate, 12-20 by 4-6 mm; top acuminate; in the lowermost bract drawn out into a leafblade-like tip. Floral bract elliptic, 9 by 2 mm when flattened; top acute. Pedicel ca. 5 by 0.2 mm. Ovary ca. 3 by 1.8 mm. Median sepal obo- vate to oblong, 10-12 by 5 mm; top obtuse; nerves 9. Lateral sepals obliquely oblong to ovate-oblong, 9-11 by 5 mm; base broadly attached, oblique; top acuminate; nerves 8. Petals narrowly ovate-oblong, 8-9 by 3 mm; base broadly attached; top acute to acuminate; nerves 7. Lip ca 7.5 by 3-5 mm over the lateral lobes when flattened. Hypochilium 4.5-5 mm long; lateral lobes erect, projecting forwards, with rounded top, ca. 1 by 1 mm; nerves not seen; keels 5 over the entire length of the hypochilium, broadest at the base, narrowing and converging to the top, consisting of rather coarse warts. Epichili- um rhomboid with rounded corners, ca. 3 by 2 mm; top obtuse to truncate; keels 3, continuing from those on the hypochilium. Column slightly widened at the top, ca. 9 by 2 mm; margin narrowly wing- like, ca. 1 mm wide; top irregular; column foot well developed, erect forward, 1.3 mm long, 1.3 mm thick, make rounded area with column; stelidia well developed, triangular, obtuse at the top, recurved. Rostellum 1.5 by 1 mm. Anther 1.5 by 1.2 mm. Distribution: Borneo, Kalimantan (Fig.l) Ecology. Mountain forest at altitude 1800 m. Collector notes, epiphyte, herb, flower red violet spot, column white. Specimen examined. Only from the type collec- tion, East Kalimantan, West Kutei, G. Kemul, pri- mary forest, alt. 1800 m, fl. October 1925, Endert 4262 (BO!). 4. DILOCHIA RIGIDA (Ridl.) J. J. Wood, R. S. Beaman & J. H. Beaman, PI. Kinabalu (1993) 2: 206. Bromheadia rigida Ridl. ex Stapf, Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. (1894) 4:239. - Type: Borneo, Mount Kinabalu, alt. 1800 m, Haviland 1251 (K). Arundina gracilis Ames & C. Schweinf, Orch. 6: 96 (1920). Dilochia gracilis (Ames & C. Schweinf.) Carr., in Gard. Bull. Straits Settlements (1935) VIIL91. - Type: Borneo, Marai Parai Spur, Clem- ens 370 (AMES, BM). Plant over 21 cm long. Leafsheath faintly longitudinally ribbed apprised, free part 0.4-0.6 cm long. Leajblade linear elliptic to linear ovate, 3.5- 6.5 by 0,6-0,7 cm; base broadly sessile, slightly narrowed; top acute; nerves indistinct, the midrib above sunken, below prominent. Raceme, 2-4 flow- ered, ca. 1 cm long. Peduncle minute, ca. 0.4 cm 2012] SULISTIARINI: The genus Dilochia in Indonesia 383 long, with one sterile bract. Rachis ca. 0.6 cm long, ca. 1 mm diam.; internodes ca. 3 mm long. Sterile bract in outline from the side narrowly ovate, 14 by 2 mm, like the fertile ones. Floral bract in natural position seen from the side narrowly ovate, ca. 10 by 3 mm; top acuminate; midrib to the top de- veloped into the wing. Pedicel ca. 2 by 1 mm. Ova- ry ca. 3 by 2 mm. Median sepal narrowly ovate, ca. 19 by 5 mm; top acuminate; nerves 5, midrib slight- ly swollen; at the top developed into a wing-like structure. Lateral sepals narrowly ovate, 15-19 by 5 mm; base broadly attached; top acute, at the top developed into a wing-like structure; nerves 7. Petals narrowly ovate, ca. 17 by 3mm; base broadly attached; top acute; nerves 7. Lip ca. 17 by 9 mm when flattened. Hypochilium ca. 9 mm long; lateral lobes erect projecting forwards, with rounded top, ca. 5 by 3 mm; nerves many, fine; keels 3 over the entire length of the hypochilium, toward the top slightly undulating. Epichilium rhomboid, with rounded corners, ca. 8 by 6 mm; top obtuse to trun- cate; keels 3 with undulating margin, continuation from those on the hypochilium, the central one longer. Column ca. 15 by 3 mm; margin narrowly wing-like, ca. 1 mm wide; top irregular, with irreg- ular triangular lobes, stelidia well developed; col- umn foot not present. Rostellum ca. 1 by 2 mm. Anther ca. 2 by 1.5 mm. Distribution. Borneo, Kalimantan (Fig.2). Ecology. This species can be found in deeply mossy floor of the summit. Altitude: 1700-1900 m. Collectors note. Flowers cream green, striped on petals and lip with purple, buds cream, the flowers persistent on the seed. Notes. The species have quite different leaves with other species in this genus and also with very small inflorescence. However based on flowers examina- tion it still shows general characteristic of Dilochia. Specimens examined. East Kalimantan, G. Buduk Rakik: Kato et al. B 11070 (BO); West Kutei, strl. 17 November 1925, alt. 1800 m, F.H. Endert 4264 (BO!, L). 5. DILOCHIA WALLICHII Lindl. ex Wall, Cat. n. 1952, nom. nud.; Lindl., Gen. & Spec. Orch. (1830): 38; Blume, Fl. Jav. Orch. (1858) 11,1: 22, t. 8, 5 A.; J. J. Sm.., Orch. Jav. (1905) VI: 231; J. J. Sm., Enum. Orch. Sumatra (1933): 186; Carr., Gard. Bull. Sing. (1938) 8:237; Back., Bekn. Fl. Java. Orch. (1952) 1:151; Hender., Mai. Wild. Fl. (1954):54; Seidenf. & Smitin., Orch. Thail. (1959) 1:184; Holtt., Fl. Malaya (1964):190.; Back. & Bakh. f, Fl. Java (1968) III: 293. - Type: Singa- pore: Wallich 1952 (n.v.). Arundina wallichii Rchb. f Xenia Orch. (1890) II: t. 105; Hook, f, Fl. Br. Ind. V: 858. Plant over 65 cm long. Leafsheath longitudi- nal ribbed free part 3-5 cm long; lower ones widened at the top, higher ones from halfway up- wards. Leafblade narrowly ovate, 6.8-17 by 2-4.8 cm; petiole-like base, 3-10 mm long; top cuspidate. Raceme 1-2 branched or panicle, 7-8 flowered, 8.2 -20 cm long; branches 4-8 flowered. Peduncle con- sisting of 2-4 internode, 1-3.5 cm long, enclosed by 2-4 sterile, not articulated, at the base tubular, acu- minate bracts. Rachis 5.2-18 cm long, 1-4 mm di- am.; internodes 8-22 mm long. Sterile bracts at the peduncle in natural position seen from the side nar- rowly ovate, 16-35 by 5-6 mm. Floral bracts in natural position seen from the side narrowly ovate, 19-25 by 3-5 mm; top acuminate. Pedicel 6-20 by 1 mm. Ovary 3-6 by 1-2 mm. Median sepal nar- rowly triangular to narrowly elliptic, 18-21 by 3-8 mm; top cuspidate; nerves 11. Lateral sepals nar- rowly ovate, 17-23 by 3-6 mm; base broadly at- tached; obliquely; top cuspidate, developed into a wing, ca. 1.5 mm; nerves 13. Petals with similar consistency as the sepals, narrowly obovate to narrowly ovate, 18-23 by 3-6 mm; base broadly attached, slightly swollen; top acute to acuminate, nerves 9. Lip 18-25 by 7-15 mm over the lateral lobes when flattened. Hypochilium 12-14 mm long; lateral lobes erect, projecting forwards, with round- ed top, ca. 1 by 3 mm, nerves many, fine; keels 3 over the entire length of the hypochilium, at the base highest plate-like, in the front part of the hy- pochilium descending to ca. 0.5 mm and there on either side flanked with a short or without additional keel, straight or undulating margin. Epichilium rhomboid with rounded corners, ca. 6 by 5-8 mm; top obtuse to truncate; keels 5, with undulating mar- gin, the central 3 a continuation of those on the hy- pochilium, the lateral ones continuing somewhat on the hypochilium, top as long as central keel or lower ca. 3 mm from the top. Column 12-15 by 2-5 mm, margin narrowly wing-like ca. 1 mm wide; top ir- regular, stelidia hardly developed; column foot not present. Rostellum ca. by 2 mm. Anther ca. 2 by 2 mm. Fruit beaked, the perianth and column long persistent; body ellipsoid, with 3 grooves which wides near the top, margin of grooves somewhat swollen; valves smooth, midrib faint, 15 - 20 by ca. 10 mm. 384 REINWARDTIA [VOL.13 Distribution. Thailand, Malesia (Kalimantan, Su- matra, Java to New Guinea). (Fig. 2). Ecology. Primary forest or rather open forest, often near the ground. Granitic sand. Sandstone. Dry low woody vegetation in solfatare area, rather common. Altitude 30 to 1500 m. Collectors note. Epiphyte rather exposed, rare. Leaves dark purplich. Flowers not fully open. Petals purplish outside, dull yellow inside. Sepals yellow- ish, lateral ones somewhat oblique, inside light yel- lowish green, baselly with a semicircular purplish spot consisting of small spots. Lip purple strips yel- low. Pollinia 8, flat, obovate, bright yellow. Specimens examined. Kalimantan, Grayau- Selimbau: strl. 9 May 1983 alt. 200 m, primary for- est, J.J.Afriastini 1138a (BO); West Pontianak, Mandor: fl. 1929, Schuitemaker 178 (BO). Sumatra, North Sumatra, Aik na uli near Pematang Siantar: Alston 15279 (BO); Bandarbaru near Sibayak: fl. 3 September 1914, Lorzing 7260 (BO); Sibolangit: fl. 2 November 1919, Lorzing 5377 (BO); fl. Novem- ber 1920, Lorzing 12592 (BO); Tapanuli, Toba: fl. 28 March 1926, Ruttner 199 (BO), fl. November 1895, Ouwehand 391 (BO); Sipirok: fl. 16 May 1993, alt. 1300 m, J.J.Afriastini 2312 (BO); Bangka, G. Maros: Kostermans 1368 (BO); Bengkulu: Rappard 68 (BO). Java, West Java, Halimun, Cikaniki: fl. 30 March 2002, alt. 1000 m, cultivated, Asep Sadili 1070 (BO); ditto, Citorek, Cikelat, Cibeber: fir. 28 June 1997, secondary forest, Uway & Asep Sadili 27 (BO). 6. Dilochia carnosa Sulistiarini sp. nov. Dilochia carnosa is related to D. cantleyi. This new species differs by having straight margin keel, fleshy and swollen margin lateral column, without wing and fine developed stelidia. — Type: Indone- sia, Sumatra, Tanjung Gadang, s.d. Theunissen & Jacobson 2262 (Holotype BO!). Plant over 60 cm long. Leafsheath longitudi- nal ribbed free part 4.5-5 cm long. Leafblade nar- rowly ovate to ovate, 12-17 by 3.5-5 cm; petiole- like base, ca. 1.5 cm long; top acute to acuminate. Panicle 3-branched, 18 flowered, ca. 20 cm long; branches 6-7 flowered. Peduncle without internode, ca. 1 cm long. Rachis ca. 19 cm long, 5 mm diam.; internodes 1.2-1.5 cm long. Sterile bracts at the base of the branches patent, boat-shape; in natural position seen from the side oblong, 25-28 by 22-26 mm; top acuminate, the lowermost bract sometimes drawn out into a leafblade-like tip. Floral bracts ovate, 16-18 by 12-15 mm when flattened; top acute. Pedicel ca. 15 by 2 mm. Ovary ca. 5 by 4 mm. Median sepal oblong, 24-26 by 8 mm; top acute; nerves 11. Lateral sepals obliquely narrowly oblong, 22-25 by 7-10 mm; base broadly attached; top acute, developed into a wings; nerves 11. Petals ovate oblong to ovate lanceolate, 23-26 by 6-11 mm; base broadly attached, slightly swollen; top obtuse-acute; nerves 8. Lip 19-22 by 12 mm over the lateral lobes when flattened. Hypochilium 15- 16 mm long, broadly sessile; lateral lobes erect pro- jecting forwards with round top, ca. 1 by 3 mm; nerves many, fine; keels 3 over the entire length of the hypochilium, in the back plate-like, ca. 2 mm high, in the front of the hypochilium descending to ca. 1 mm high. Epichilium ca. rhomboid with rounded corner, 4-6 by 10 mm; top obtuse to trun- cate; keels 5 with warty margin, the central 3 con- tinuation of those on the hypochilium and lateral ones continuing somewhat on the hypochilium. Col- umn ca. 19 by 6 mm; laterally with a fleshy, some- what swollen margin; top irregular, stelidia fine de- veloped; column foot not present. Rostellum ca. 4 by 3 mm. Anther ca. 3 by 3,5 mm. Distribution. Sumatra (Fig. 1). Ecology. Mountainous forest at altitude 900 m, known only from one collection. Etymology. The epithet name refers to fleshy lat- eral column of D. carnosa compared with D. cant- leyi which has thin lateral column. Notes. According to Smith (1933) the specimen collected by Theunissen & E. Jacobson 2262 was Dilochia cantleyi. I disagree with his specimen, be- cause its lateral column is fleshy and without wing; keels on the back of hypochilium plate-like and higher than in the D. cantleyi, and its margin is straight. D. cantleyi is supposed to have wing in the column and keels and the back of the hypochilium is warty. Therefore it seems wise to separate this new species from the rest of Dilochia (Fig. 3 & 4). Specimen examined. Sumatra, Tanjung Gadang, fl. s.d. Theunissen & Jacobson 2262 (BO). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I thank Dr. E. F. de Vogel from Rijksherbarium Leiden (the National Herbarium Nederland) for critical 2012] SULISTIARINI: The genus Dilochia in Indonesia correction especially for the descriptions; Miss. Tati Hadijati , Djenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto- for discussion during preparation of the manuscript; Mr. Suhardjono Prawiroatmodjo for preparing mapping of distributions, Wahyudi Santoso and Anne Kusumawaty, from Herbarium Bogoriense for excellent drawing. Thanks to anonymous reviewers for much help. REFERENCES COMBER, J. B. 1990. Orchid of Java. Bentham-Moxon Trust. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 88-9 pp. COMBER, J. B. 2001. Orchid of Sumatra. Singapore Botanic Gardens. Singapore. 303-305 pp. HOOKER, J. D. 1890. The Flora British India V. L. Reeve & Co. 5, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. London. 858 pp. LINDLEY, J. 1830. Genera and species of Orchidaceous plants. Ridways, Piccadily, London, p. 38. O'BYRNE, P. 1994. Lowland orchid of Papua New Guinea. National Parks Board Singapore Botanic Gardens. 8 pp. SEIDENFADEN, G. & WOOD, J. J. 1992. The orchids of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew & Botanic Gardens, Singa- pore. 148 pp. SMITH, J. J. 1933. Enumeration of the Orchidaceae of Sumatra and neighbouring island. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 32: 129-386. THOMAS, S. 1992. A new combination in Dilochia {Orchidaceae). Kew Bulletin 48 (2): 401-403. THOMAS, S. & SCHUITEMAN, A. 2002. Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: A Preliminary Catalogue. Lindleyana 17 (1): 1-72. VOGEL, E. F. DE. 1987. Guidelines for the preparations of revisions. In Vogel EF De (Ed.) Manual of Her- barium Taxonomy Theory and Practice. UNESCO. Jakarta. 76 pp. VOGEL, E. F. DE. 1988. South-east Asia Wild Orchids present knowledge future nuclei of attention. Paper presented at the Seminar of the 7th Asean orchid Congress. Jakarta, November 5-7. WOOD, J. J., BEAMAN R. S. & J. H. BEAMAN. 1993. The Plants of Mount Kinabalu 2. Orchids. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. p. 205-208. Fig.l. Distribution ofDilochia cantleyi (•), Dilochia carnosa. ( A ) , D. longilabris (*) and D. parviflora ( • ) . Fig. 2. Distribution of Dilochia rigida (*) and D. wallichii (•). 386 REINWARDTIA [VOL.13 1 cm B 1 cm D 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm Fig. 3. Flower dissection of Dilochia carnosa Sulistiarini. A. Median sepal, B. Lateral sepals, C. Petals, D. Lip, E. Column. (Based on Theunissen & Jacobson 2262, BO). Drawn by Wahyudi Santoso (BO). 2 0 1 2 ] S U L I S T I A R I N I : The genus Dilochia in Indonesia 387 1 c m Fig. 4. Inflorescense and flower of Dilochia carnosa Sulistiarini. (Based on Theunissen & Jacobson 2262, BO). Drawn by Anne Kusumawaty (BO). INSTRUCTION TO AUTHORS Reinwardtia is a scientific irregular journal on plant taxonomy, plant ecology, and ethnobotany. Manuscript intended for a publication should be written in English represent an article which has not been published in any other journal or proceedings. Every manuscript will be sent to two blind reviewers. Two printed copies (on A4 paper) of the manuscript of not more than 200 pages together with an electronic copy prepared on Word Processor computer program using Time New Romance letter type and saved in Rich Text File must be submitted. For the style of presentation, authors should follow the latest issue of Reinwardtia very closely. Title of the article should be followed by author's name and mailing address in one-paragraphed English abstract of not more than 250 words. Keywords should be given below each abstract. On a separated paper, author(s) should send the preferred running title of the article submitted. Taxonomic identification key should be prepared using the aligned couplet type. Strict adherence to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature is observed, so that taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties should be clearly shown. English description for new taxon proposed should be provided and the herbaria where the type specimens area deposited should be presented. Name of taxon in taxonomic treatment should be presented in the long form that is name of taxon, author's name, year of publication, abbreviated journal or book title, volume, number and page. Map, line drawing illustration, or photograph preferably should be prepared in landscape presentation to occupy two columns. Illustration must be submitted as original art accompanying, but separated from the manuscript. On electronic copy, the illustration should be saved in jpg or gif format at least 350 pixels. Legends or illustration must be submitted separately at the end of the manuscript. Bibliography, list of literature cited or references follow the Harvard system. REINWARDTIA Vol. 13. No. 4. 2012 CONTENTS Page SRI ENDARTI RAHAYU, TATIK CHIKMAWATI, KUSWATA KARTAWINATA & ALEX HARTANA. Morphology vs. taxonomy in the family Pandanaceae: a case study in the Javanese species 317 SRI RAHAYU. Hoya (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) diversity in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia 331 DEBY ARIFIANI, ADI BASUKRIADI & TATIK CHIKMAWATI. Newly described species of Endiandra (Lauraceae) from New Guinea 341 ALEX SUMADIJAYA. Six years experience on plant identification services: case study in Herbarium Bogoriense 347 BAYU ADJIE, AGUNG KURNIAWAN, NORIO SAHASHI & YASUYUKI WATANO. Dicksonia timorense (Diksoniaceae), a hemi-epiphytic new species of tree fern endemic on Timor Island, Indonesia ... 3 5 7 IAN M. TURNER. Nomenclatural notes relevant to the flora of Indonesia 363 WITA WARDANI, ARIEF HIDAYAT & DEDY DARNAEDI. The new pteridophyte classification and se- quence employed in The Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) for Malesian ferns 367 DIAH SULISTIARTNI. The orchids genus Dilochia in Indonesia 379 DEDY DARNAEDI. Book review 389 Reinwardtia is a LIPI acredited Journal (258/AU 1/P2MBI/05/2010) Herbarium Bogoriense Botany Division Research Center for Biology - LIPI Cibinong, Indonesia depan img576_Page_3_Page_1 img576_Page_3_Page_2 442-647-1-SM_Page_11 belakang