Untitled REINWARDTIA Published by Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor, Indonesia Volume 7, Part 4, pp. 383—410 (1968) FLORAE MALESIANAE PRAECURSORES XLVII. CENSUS OF MALESIAN CASTANOPSIS (FAGACEAE) E. SOEPADMO *) (in collaboration with M. JACOBS **) SUMMARY This paper deals with the names and typication of the 34 species recognized in Malesia. Specimens important for the knowledge of the distribution of each species have been cited with their locality. Indexes to names and to all examined specimens are given. Ten new species are described: Castanopsis clemensii, densinervia, endertii, microphylla,, oligoneura, oviformis, paucispina, peduneulata, psilophylla, all from Borneo, and johorensis from Malaya. C. hypophoenieea and C. lucida are new combi- nations based on Quercus hypophoenieea v. Seem, and Alseodaphne lucida Nees in Wall, respectively. Castanopsis ebneri and woodii are reduced to evansii, hullettii to lucida, pachycarpa to rhamnifolia, conspersispina, to tungurrut, dispersispina to hypophoenieea, ridleyi partly to tungurrut and partly to megacarpa, kinabaluensis to foxworthyi, pearsonii to mott- leyana, junghuhnii and schlenkerae to acuniinatissima. Castanopsis selangorensis A. Cam. is regarded as a doubtful species. The number of endemic species is for Malaya 5, Borneo 11, the Philippines 1; the total number of species, is for Sumatra 11, Malaya 17, Java 4, Borneo 20, the Philippines 4, Celebes 2, the Moluccas 1, New Guinea 1, the Lesser Sunda Islands none. INTRODUCTION During- World War II, Dr. S. Hatusima prepared at Bogor a draft MS of the Malesian Fagaceae, based solely on the materials at Bogor. Due to this fact, Hatusima could not arrive at satisfactory conclusions, and therefore little use could be made by me of his work, although it was compared with the outcome of the present study. Names of new species distinguished by him with which I agree have been taken up. The present paper does not concern itself with taxa above specific rank. Non-Malesian synonyms of Malesian species have been accounted for. Misinterpretations without nomenclatural consequences have been *) Permanent address: Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor (Java), Indonesia. **) Flora Malesiana Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands. — 383 — 384 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 7 corrected in the most important cases only; specimens cited in the litera- ture under the wrong species are to be found in the Identification List at the end of this paper. Species originally described under Castanea or Castanopsis but now reckoned to other genera have been incorporated in the Index of names. Erroneous credits to the Malesian flora or intro- duced species have not been recorded. The accepted species are listed in alphabetical order. Data which fall within the scope of the Flora Malesiana project but outside the Flora Malesiana text, notably the typification, the indication of homotypic synonyms, the descriptions of new taxa, the proposal of new names, citation of specimens important for the knowledge of the distribution, and an index to all examined specimens, have been recorded in this paper. A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S This work was carried out at the Rijksherbarium, Leiden (L), with materials borrowed from or examined at the herbaria of the Arnold Ar- boretum (A), Berlin (B), the British Museum, Natural History (BM), Brussels (BR), Cambridge (CGE), Edinburgh (E), Florence (Fl), Kew (K), Michigan (MICH), New York (NY), Paris (P), Singapore (SING), Utrecht (U), Berkeley (UC), Washington (US), and Breslau (WRSL) ; from Bogor (BO) the type specimens were examined, and one specimen from Geneva (G). My sincere thanks are due to the Directors of those institutions. I am very much indebted to the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (Z.W.O.) for the grants enabling me to work at the Rijksherbarium from October 1966 till the end of 1967.,,, I feel also greatly obliged to the Director of the Rijksherbarium, Prof. Dr. C. G. G. J. van Steenis, who put all facilities of his institute at my disposal and paved my way in several other respects to speed up towards efficient work. . Dr. M. Jacobs is reponsible for the editing of the work, the selection of the specimens cited, and the preparation of the Latin descriptions,..,^ .: :,.. s:£ ••» . , ~ \ CASTANOPSIS Spach Castanopsis Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. 2: 185. 1842; A. DC. in J. Bot. If 182. 1863; Prod. 16, 2: 109. 1864; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 103, 118. 1863; Oerst. in Vid. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjob. 8: 53. 1867; Benth. & Hook, f., Gen. PI. 3: 409. 1880; Hook. f. in Fl. Br. Ind. 5: 619. 1888; King in Ann. Roy Bot. Gard. Calo. 1968] SOEPADMO : Malesian Castanopsis 385 2f: 93, 1889; Schneider, Illustr. Handb. Laubh. 1: 159. 1906; Schottky in Bot. Jahrb. 47: 622. 1912; Dode in Bull. Soc. Dendr. France: 141. 1908; Gamble in J. Roy. As. ,Spc. Beng. 75, ii: 453. 1915; Rehder & Wilson in Sargent's PI. Wils. 3: 97. 1916; Markgr. in Bot. Jahrb. 59: 62. 1924; Ridl., Fl. Mai. Pei.. 3: 388. 1924; A. Camus, Chat.: 243. 1930; Hickel & A. Camus in Fl. Gen. I.-C. 5: 1007. 1930; Backer & Bakh. f., Fl. Java 2: 4. 1965. Quercus subdiv. Castanopsis Don, Prod. Fl. Nep.: 275. 1825. _ Castanea [non (Tourn.) Mill.] Blume, Bijdr.: 524, p.p. 1825; Fl. Javae, CupuL: 37, p.p. 1829; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 643, p.p. 1832; Endlicher, Gen. PI. 4: 275, p.p. 1837; ,B1,, Mus, Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 282, p.p. 1850; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, 1: 865. 1858; Kqord. & Valet., Bijdr. Booms. Java 10: 3. 1904. Quercus sect. Chlamydobalanus Endlicher, Gen. PL, Suppl. 4, 2: 24. 1847; Miq.:;MI Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 117. 1863; A. DC, Prod. 16, 2: 102, p.p. 1864; Oudemans, Annot. Cupul. Jav.: 24, p.p. 1865; Benth. & Hook, f, Gen, PL 3: 409. 1880; Hook. f. in Fl. Br. Ind. 5: 615, p.p. 1888; King in Ann. Roy. Bot. Card. Calc. 2: 20, p.p. .1889; Koord. & Valet., Bijdr. Booms. Java 10: 13, p.p. 1904; Koord., Exk. Fl. Java 2: 59, p.p. 1912. Quercus sect. Castanopsis Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 288, p.p. 1850. Callaeo carpus Miq., PL Jungh.: 13. 1851; FL Ind. Bat. 1, 1: 868. 1858; Suppl.: 354. 1860; in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 118. 1863. Quercus subg. Phegopsis Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat, 1, 1: 870. 1858. Castanea subg. Castanopsis Oersted in Kong. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skr. v, 9: 377. 1871; Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr.: 121. 1893. Pasania subg. Chlamydobalanus (Endl.) Oersted in Vid. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjob. 8: 86. 1867; Prantl in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pfl. fam. 3, 1: 55. 1889. Castanea sect. Castanopsis Prantl in Engler & Prantl, I.e. 55; Dalla Torre & Harms, Gen. Siphon.: 118. 1907. Pasaniopsis Kudo in Nipp. Yu Zymoku 1: 134. 1912; Makino in J. Jap. Bot. 5: 19. 1928. Lithocarpus sect. Chlamydobalanus (Endl.) Nakai in Bot, Mag. Tokyo 29: 55. 1915. Synaedrys sect. Chlamydobalanus (Endl.) Koidzumi in Bot. Mag. Tokyo SO: 183, p.p. 1916. Pasania subg. Pseudocastanopsis Hickel & A. Camus in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. France ser. IX, 3: 389. 1921; Les Chenes 3, Expl. PL: 152, 1948; Les ChSnes 3, 2: 113.7. 1954. Shiia Makino in J. Jap. Bot. 5: 23. 1928. Lithocarpus sect. Pseudocastanopsis Hickel & A. Camus in Fl. Gen. I.-C. 5: 963. 1929. Chrysolepis Hjelmqvist, Bot. Notis. Suppl. 2, 1: 117. 1948; Forman in Kew Bull. 18, 3: 425. 1966. TYPE SPECIES: Castanopsis armata Spach. CASTANOPSIS ACUMINATISSIMA (Bl.) A, DC. Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182. 1863. — Castanea acuminatissima ~B\., Mus. Bot. 1: 283. 1850. — Quercus acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC, 386 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 7 Prod. 16, 2: 102. 1864. — Pasania acuminatissima (Bl.) Oerst. in Vid. Medd. N a t u r h . F o r . Kjob. 8: 84. 1867. — T y p e : Blume s.n. ( L ! ) , from J a v a , yfr. Castanea sessilifolia BL, Mus. Bot. 1: 284. 1850. — T y p e : Blume s.n. ( L ! ) , from J a v a , Mt. Mergo Tjembang-an, st. Quercus varingaefolia Miq., PI. J u n g h . : 12. 1851. — T y p e : Junghuhn 11 ( L ! ) , from J a v a , P e n g a l e n g a n , st. Quercus lineata (non Bl.) Miq., PI. J u n g h . : 10. 1851. — Quercus junghuhnii Miq., F l . Ind. B a t . 1, 1: 853. 1856. — Castanopsis junghuhnii (Miq.) M a r k g r . in Bot. J a h r b . 5 9 : 62. 1924. — T y p e : Junghuhn 8 hb. Waitz ( L ! U ! ) , from J a v a , P e n g a l e n g a n , fl. Quercus fagiforrms J u n g h . in Bonplandia 6: 83. 1858. — Synaedrys fagiformis (Jungh.) Koidz. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 30: 187. 1916. — Type: Junghuhn s.n. (L! U ! ) , from J a v a , fr. Castanopsis schlenkerae Bailey in Queensl. Agr. J. 22: 149. 1909. — Type: Schlencker s.n. (BRI, K ! ) , from New Guinea. Castanopsis nebularum Hickel & A. Cam. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. P a r i s ii, 32: 398. 1926. — Type : Poilane 8076 ( P ! ) , from Indo-China, Annam, near Tourane, Col de Nuages, 900 m, fr. Castanopsis longispicata Hu in Bull. F a n Mem. Inst. Biol. Peiping, Bot. 10: 86. 1940. — Type : Wang' 75883 ( P ! ) , from China.. Yunnan, Shean Meng Yeang, Che Li Hsuan, 1200 m, fr. Castanopsis bejaudii A. Cam. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. P a r i s ii, 1 3 : 479. 1942. •— Type : Bejaud 274 ( P ! ) , from Indo-China, Cambodia, Phom Penh, fr. 11-1935. INDIA. E a s t B e n g a l : Griffith 4447. A s s a m : Khasia Hills, 1200—1500 m , Mann 6. B U R M A . U p p e r B . : Forrest 26593; Ken T u n g (if Keng T u n g is meant, then 21° 17' N 99° 39' E ) , Rock 2204. T e n a s s e r i m : Beddome 7686. C H I N A . K W e i c h o w: Cavalerie & Fortunat 97. Y u n n a n : E a s t of Tengyueh (= T e n g c h u n g ) , 25° 02' N 98° 28' E, Rock 7681. T A I W A N . A r i s a n Mt., 2000 m, Faurie 1542, 1543, 1544. "' - S I A M . N o r t h e r n : P a y a p p r o v . , 1200-2070 m , s e v e r a l . S o u t h e a s t e r n : K a o Soi D a o , 13° N 102° 10' E, 1400 m, Kerr 9663; K o r a t , K a o L e m , 14° 2 5 ' N 101° 30' E, 700 m, Kerr 9895, Put 3521. I N D O - C H I N A . T o n k i n : L a y Chau, 22° N 103° 20' E , Poilane 27032. L a o s : T r a n n i n h P l a t e a u , ± 19° N 103° E, several. A n n a m : at 16° N and f u r t h e r South, 900-1600 m, several. S U M A T R A . A t j e h : Loeeus, Kota L i n t a n g , 1800 m, 66 22417. M A L A Y A . K e d a h : Kedah P e a k , 5° 47' N 100° 26' E, 1050 m, KEP 70984. ( J A V A . W e s t : Mt. Gegerbintang, 1500—1700 m, Meijer 4925; Mt. Cede a n d Tjibodas, s e v e r a l ; P r i a n g a n Residence, several. C e n t r a l : Mt. Dieng, 800 m, Hoch- reutiner 2500; P e k a l o n g a n , Surdjo, Koorders 1415, 1417, 11702; Mt. Muria, Blume s.n.; at 700 m, Kostermans 6216. E a s t : Mt. Wilis and Ngebel, several. B O R N E O . N o r t h : R a n a u and Mt. Kinabalu, 1350-1600 m, Clemens 28189, SAN 29,238, S2375, 42461. C E L E B E S . N o r t h e a s t P e n i n s u l a : Minahasa, 6 6 17118, Koorders 16617; N e a r Gorontalo, Bulodu, 66 15598. N o r t h e r n Centra l P a r t : 1100-1500 m, 66 15025, 15089, 28266. S o u t h e r n Centra l P a r t : 66 23856 at 2200 m, Eyma 1515, Monod de Froide- 1968] SOEPADMO: Malesian Castanopsis 387 ville 184. S o u t h w e s t P e n i n s u l a : B o n e , B o n t e r i l u , 6 6 29012; M a r o s , 6 6 25553. N o t l o c a t e d , 66 20198 f r o m T a m a l a n t i . N E W G U I N E A . M a i n l a n d W e s t a n d E a s t : m a n y . J a p e n : s e v e r a l . M i s i - m a I . : Brass 27391. F e r g u s s o n I . : Braes 26096. G o o d e n o u g h I . : Brass 24679, 24877, 24929. N e w B r i t a i n : Floyd 6524. CASTANOPSIS ARGENTEA (Bl.) A. DC. Castanopsis argentea (Bl.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182. 1863. — Fagus argentea Bl. in F l o r a 7: 291. 1824. — Castanea argentea Bl., Bijdr.: 525. 1825. — T y p e : Blume ( L ! ) , from J a v a , fl. Castanea argentea Bl. v a r . rigida BL, Mus. Bot. 1: 283. 1850. — T y p e : Blume ( L ! ) , from J a v a , yfr. S U M A T R A . T a p a n u l i : Angkola, 750 m, 66 5650; Selese, Lorzing s.n., yfr. VII-1928. W e s t C o a s t : Agam, 1000 m, 66 5838; Mt. Sago, 900—1100 m, Meijer 4464, 5174- P a l e m b a n g : Praetorius s.n., fl. 1834. Unlocated in S. S u m a t r a , Gras- hoff S63, Forbes 422. J A V A . W e s t : many. C e n t r a l : Mt. Slamet, Koorders 1358; SW. o f S e m a r a n g , Mt. U n g a r a n , Koorders' 1354, 29665, and T e m a n g g u n g , Ja 2473; Mt. Merapi, P l a w a n g a n , Junghuhn 1. E a s t : Mt. Wilis, Ngebel, Koorders 29842. CASTANOPSIS BORNEENSIS King Castanopsis borneensis King in A n n . G a r d . Calc. 2: 99, t. 90. 1889. — T y p e : Beccari PB 1212 ( F l ! holo, K ! ) , from Borneo, S a r a w a k , fr. B O R N E O . S a r a w a k : Beccari PB 3078; F i r s t Division, s e v e r a l ; Third Division, Ulu A r i p , 2° 40' N 112° 40' E, SAR 2S.677. B r u n e i : A n d u l a u F. R., BRUN 697. S a b a h : SAN 43288, 43289; W e s t e r n p a r t , Beaufort, SAN 16943; P u l a u Gaya off Jesselton, SAN 41301, 42013. CASTANOPSIS BURUANA Miq. Castanopsis buruana Miq. in A n n . Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 120: 1863. — Castanea buruana (Miq.) Oerst. in Kong. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skr. v, 9: 377. 1817. — T y p e : Teijsmann HB 1868 (BO! L! U, h o l o ! ) , from Moluccas, B u r u , Kajeli, fl. Castanopsis buruana Miq. f. grandifolio, Miq. in A n n . Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 120. 1863. — T y p e : Teijsmann HB 1S27 ( L ! U, h o l o ! ) , from Moluccas, B u r u , Okie, st. B O R N E O . S a b a h : R a n a u , P a d a n g P e n t u l u l u n g a n , 450 m , SAN 49775. C E L E B E S . C e n t r a l p a r t : several. S o u t h w e s t P e n i n s u l a : 6 6 2988, Van Vuuren & Noerkas 231. S o u t h e a s t P e n i n s u l a : K e n d a r i , 66 21752, 25009. M O L U C C A S . M o r o t a i : Lam, 3536. B a t j a n : 66 23148, 23154, Nedi exp. De •Haan 51. O b i : 66 23822. S u l a I s . : S a n a n a , 66 28833, Bloembergen 4B83, Teijsmann HB 16384. B u r u : several. C e r a m: W e s t e r n p a r t , Eyma 2691, Kuswata & Soepadmo 228, 229. 388 REINWARDTIA [VOL. 7 CASTANOPSIS CATAPPAEFOLIA King ex Hook, f. Castanopsis catappaefolia King ex Hook. f. in Fl. Br. Ind. 5: 621. 1888, "catalpae- folia", corrected by King in Ann. Gard. Calc. 2: 100, t. 92. 1889. — Type: King's coll. 8137 (BM! K, holo! L! SING!), from Malaya, Perak, Goping distr., fr. IX-1886. No more material seen than the type. Castanopsis clemensii Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramuli juveniles dense tomentosi pilis fulvis sero glabrescentes, purpureo-fusci, lenticellis minutis; stipulae ovato-triangulares, obtusae, 5—10 mm longis 3—5 mm latis, potius sero caducae. Petiolus 0.5—1 cm longus, teres vel supra applanatus. Folia tenue coriacea, 6—12 cm longa, 2—6 cm lata, 1.8—2.6—plo longitudine latitudinam superante, ovata ad rariter obovata, basi rotundata ad subcordata, vulgo asymmetrica, apice rotundato subacuminatoque ad 1 cm acuminato apiculo obtuso ad acuto, faciebus olivaceis, supra glabris aliquot nitidis, subtus opacis, nervis potius dense pilis. erectis stellatis, costa nervisque utrinque subprominentibus, nervis utrinque 3—10 a costa angulo 50—60° abeuntibus, marginem versus arcuatis evanescentibusque, retieulatione subtili utrinque distincta sub- scalariforme ad irregulare. (Inflorescentia mascula ignota.) Flores feminei in rachide 3—7 cm longa 1 mm crassa, solitarii, perianthio profunde inciso, lobis 6 .staminodiis 12 vestigialibus stylis 3 conoideis recurvatis 1.2—1.5 mm longis. Cupula immatura pedicello 5 mm longo, obovoidea-ellipsoidea 2— 2.5 cm longa 1.5 cm lata basi cuneata fusca, pariete 1 mm crasso, sparse fulvo-puberula, praeter sectorem adaxialem spinis fasciculatis laxe in seriebus subparallelo-curvatis 5—8 mm longis potius gracilibus subglabris vulgo rectis rare recurvatis munita. Fructus unicus ellipsoideus 1.5 cm longus 1 cm latus pariete 1 mm crasso ad cupulam omnino adnato, rugoso glabroque. TYPUS: SAN 25315 Brand & M. Anak (K! L, holo! SAN!), from Borneo, Sabah, Ranau, Sg. Mentaki, 2500 ft., fr. 16-V-1961. BORNEO. S a b a h . Ranau and Mt. Kinabalu, 750—1500 m, Clemens 30509, 40390, RSNB H77. Sg. Liwagu, Kundasan, SAN 28945. Tambunan Distr., Trusmadi F. R., c. 1800 m, SAN 418(09. CASTANOPSIS COSTATA (Bl.) A. DC. Castanopsis costwta (Bl.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182, 1863. — Castanea costata Bl., Mus. Bot. 1: 284. 1850. — Type: Korihals s.n. (L!), from Sumatra, West Coast, forest Melintang yfr. Castanea brevicuspis Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, 1: 866. 1858. — Castanopsis brevi- cuspis (Miq.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182!. 1863. — Type : Diepenhorst HB 2132 ( U ! ) , from Sumatra, P r i a m a n , yfr. Castanea spectabilis Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, 1: 866. 1858. — Castanopsis spectabilis (Miq.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182, 1863. — Type: Teijsmann HB 68O (U!), from Sumatra, near Lubualung, st. 1968] SOEPADMO : Malesian Castanopsis 389 Castanopsis trisperma Scheff. in Nat. Tijd. N. I. 3 1 : 362, 1870. — Type: Teijs- mann s.n. (BO, holo, L! U ! ) , from Bangka, near Batu-balai and Djebus, fl. fr. Castanopsis costata Miq. ft bancana Scheff. in Nat. Tijd. N. I. 3 1 : 362, 1870. •— Type: Teysmann s.n. (BO, holo, L! U ! ) , from Bangka, near Muntok, fl. SUMATRA. T a p a n u 1 i: Sibolga, 66 28188. Angkola, 66 5226. W e s t C o a s t : several. P a l e m b a n g : Praetorius s.n. Rawas, Grashoff 1096. Banjuasin, For. Serv. H 8 E P 840, Grashoff 781. L e m a t a n g I l i r , 6 6 T 817. B a n g k a : s e v e r a l . B e l i t u n g : Van Rossum 2. MALAYA. P e r a k : several. J o h o r e : Burkill 32UU. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : Bintulu Distr. Ulu Segan, SAR 15116. Bt. Mersing, 2° 30' N 113° 05' E, SAR 22359. B r u n e i : Kuala Belalong, BRUN U7U (identification doubtful). K a l i m a n t a n : Western p a r t , De Vriese & Teijsmann s.n., yfr. Melawi, Bt. Tengkujung, 66 26325. E a s t e r n p a r t , Kostermans 10165A. Balikpapan subdistr., bb 34383 (identification doubtful). West KuteL 66 28372, Endert 5072. Northeastern p a r t , Muara Teweh, 1° S 115° E, 66 23466. Berau, 66 18U7U. P u l a u L a u t : Delmaar 1899. S a b a h : many. CASTANOPSIS CURTISII King Castanopsis curtisii King in Ann. Gard. Calc. 2: 107, t. 103. 1889. — Type : Curtis 1691 (BM! CAL, holo; K! L! S I N G ! ) , from Malaya, Penang, P e n a r a distr., fr. VII-1893. MALAYA. P e n a n g : Ridley s.n. fl. III-1914. S e l a n g o r : Bk. Lagong F. R., KEP 99615; Kerling, Ridley 10621; Ulu Gombak, Strugnell 11114. Castanopsis densinervia Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramuli juveniles pilis dense adpressis porphyreis tomentosis atque lanuginosis stellatis, glabrescentes, vigorosi internodiis brevibus cinereoni- grescentes, lenticellis grandibus sparse muniti. Petiolus 0.5—1.5 cm longus ad 3 mm crassus supra profunde sulcatus. Folia rigide coriacea, 6—17 cm longa 3—8 cm lata, 1.9—3—plo longitudine latitudinem superante, vulgo ovata ad rare obovata, basi rotundata ad subcordata interdum acuta, ali- quando asymmetrica, apice rotundato subacuminatoque ad plus minusve abrupte 0.5—1 cm acuminato apiculo acuto vel obtuso, discoloribus facie supra viridi glabra nitida subtus dense squamis stellatis plus minusve ad- pressis obtecta (postea seracea) saepe pilis stellatis brevioribus vel longiori- bus interspersa, costa lata rigida ut petiolus fusca venis lateralibus utrinque 12—18 a costa ascendentibus angulo 45—60° abeuntibus parallelis arcuatis marginum versus evanescentibus subtus stellato-pilosis, reticulatione tenui subtus distincta, scalariforme densa. Rachis mascula 3—7 cm longa 3—4 cm crassa; flores masculini ternati periantho profunde inciso 6-lobato staminibus 12 filamento 2.5—3 mm longo anthera 0.2—0.25 mm longa pistillodio 2—3 mm diametro. Rachis feminea 2—3 cm longa 3̂ —4 mm crassa floribus solitariis perianthi lobis 6 staminodiis 12 bene evoluta perianthium superantia, stylis 3 conoideis recurvatis 2—2.5 mm longis. R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 7 Cupula juvenilis subsessilis ovoidea-ellipsoidea adaxialiter applanata squa- miferaque lateralibus spinis brevibus porphyreis. Cupula fere matura pedicello pauci mm longi et lati imposita, excentrice compressa obovoidea plus minusve 3 cm longa 4 cm lata nigra pariete 1—2 mm crassa glabra praeter sectorem adaxialem spinis fasciculatis 3—4 seriebus curvatis simplicibus potius gracilibus plus minusve rectis interdum recurvatis 8— 10 mm longis glabris munita, Fructus reniformis vel ovoideus basi rotun- datus apice acutus 2—2.5 cm diametro, pariete lignoso 2—3 mm crasso cupula adnata praeter apicem, rugoso glabro. TYPUS: SAN i8109, Meijer (L, holo! K!), from Borneo, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu, West of Mesilau Cave, fr. 21-11-1965. BORNEO. S a b a h : Mt. Lumaku, 5° N 115° 45' E. SAN 16668; Mt. Kinabalu, several. K a l i m a n t a n : Central eastern p a r t , Mt. Kemul, 2° N 116° E, Endert 4139. Castanopsis endertii Hatus. ex Soepadmo, spec. nov. Arbor circiter 15—20 m alta trunco circiter 25—80 cm diametro. Ramuli juveniles dense stellato-tomentosi, postea glabri obscure lenticellati, gemmis ovoideo-ellipsoideis, circiter 0.3—0.7 cm longis 0.2—0.3 cm latis squamis ovato-acutis vel lineari-acutis circiter 0.3—0.6 cm longis 0.1—0.2 cm latis. Stipulae lineares acutae 0.5 cm longae 1 mm latae caducae. Petiolus circiter 2—3 cm longus 0.1—0.2 cm crassuti glaber basi incrassatus rugosusque supra applanatus. Folia crasse coriacea elliptico-oblonga circiter (8—)10—15(—19) cm longa (3.5—)5—6(—7) cm lata faciebus utfinque glabris, basi rotundata margine integra undulataque, apice obtuse acuto vel circiter 0.5—1 cm acuminato; costa venae lateralesque subtus valdo prominentes supra leviter prominentes vel applanatae; reticulatio tenuis, densa, subparallela, utrinque distincta; venae laterales circiter 7—13 utrin- que, a costa angulo 60—70° ascendentes, subparallelae, margin em versus arcuatae et evanescentes. Inflorescentia mascula circiter 10—12 cm longa in axilla folii inferioris vel in fasciculis paniculatis disposita in innovations lateralibus vel subterminalibus; rachis 0.1—0.2 cm crassa denso cinereo tomento; bracteae bracteolaeque ovato-acutae. Flores masculini terni fas- ciculati rachidem secus, periantho profunde inciso lobis 6 acutis circiter 1—1.5 mm longis, dense stellato-tomentosis, staminibus 12 filamento glabro circiter 2—2.5 mm longo anthera circiter 0.25 mm longa, pistillodio obtuse triangulare circiter 2 mm diametro densiter lanuginoso. (Inflores- centia feminea ignota.) Infructescentia juvenilis circiter 15—20 cm longa rachide circiter 0.2—0.3 cm crassa circiter 1—2 fructus juveniles ferente. Cupula juvenilis sessilis, ovoidea-ellipsoidea circiter 1.5—2 cm longitudine diametroque, adaxiali applanata et sine spinis sed partibus lateralibus rotundatis spinis complanatis acutis circiter 0.5—1 em longis munita fructum unicum praeter stylos persistentes perianthiumque indutens. TYPUS : Endert 5196 (BO, holo, L!), from Borneo, Kalimantan, western Kutei, Kombeng-, 30 m, yfr. 23-XI-1925. 1968] SOEPADMO : Malesian Castanopsis 391 BORNEO. K a l i m a n t a n : Central eastern p a r t , W. Kutei, ± 2° N 116° E, Long Petah, Endert 3331. CASTANOPSIS EVANSII Elmer Castanopsis evansii Elmer in Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5: 1778. 1913. — Type: Elmer 12938 (A, holo! K! L! NY phot,! U! U S ! W R S L ! ) , from Ph'lippines, Palawan, Mt. Pulgar, fl. yfr. IV-1911. Castanopsis ivoodii Merr. in Philip. J. Sc. 29: 362. 1926. — Type: Castro & Mele- grito 1396 (A! K! UC, holo!), from Borneo, Banguey I., yfr. 5-VIII-1923. Castanopsis elmeri Merr., PI. Elm. Born.: 42. 1929. — Type: Elmer 20112 (A! BM! K! L! MICH! SING! U! UC, holo!), from N. Borneo, Myburgh Prov., Sandakan, fr. X/XII-1921. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : Lundu, G. Gading, 1° 40' N 109° 50' E, SAR 9645 (identification doubtful). B r u n e i : GokUn 358. S a b a h : many, i n several districts. K a l i m a n t a n : Eastern p a r t , Balikpapan, Riko, 66 14959. B a. n g g i I.: SAN 40395, 42145, Castro & Melegrito 1396. P H I L I P P I N E S . P a l a w a n : M t . P u l g a r , Elmer 12938. CASTANOPSIS FOXWORTHYI Schottky Castanopsis foxworthyi Schottky in Bot. J a h r b . 49: 358. 1913. — Type: Fox- worthy 21U (n.v.), from Borneo, Sarawak, fr. Castanopsis kinabaluensis A. Cam. in Bull. Soc. Bot. F r . 7 5 : 698. 1928. — Lecto- t y p e : Haviland 1115 (K, holo! S I N G ! ) , from Borneo, Mt. Kinabalu, 2400 m, fr. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : F i r s t Division, many; Bintulu Distr., Bt. Urang, several; Mt. Mulu. 4° N 115° E, Anderson & Keng 1; Baram, Hose 208; Loba Kabang peat- swamp forest, SAR OU-k.2, 0UU7, 0881. S a b a h : many, in various districts. K a l i m a n - t a n : Nunukan I., 66 26201, 29324, 34895, Kostermans 9165. CASTANOPSIS FULVA Gamble Castanopsis fulva G a m b l e in K e w B u l l . : 179. 1914. — L e c t o t y p e : King's coll. 7751 (K, h o l o ! L ! S I N G ! ) , f r o m M a l a y a , P e r a k , B a t a n g P a d a n g , 90—150 m , f r . V I I - 1 8 8 5 . S U M A T R A . C e n t r a l p a r t : T a n d j u n g P a u h , 0 ° 1 5 ' N 100° 5 0 ' E , Meijer 4609a. M A L A Y A . P e r a k : B a t a n g P a d a n g d i s t r . , King's coll. 7751. P a h a n g : B e n - t o n g , KEP/CF 4062. S e l a n g o r : Radjab 1514. N e g r i S e m b i l a n : S e m a w a n g F . R., KEP/CF 1956. J o h o r e : 1 4 t h m i l e M a w a i - J e m a l u a n g R o a d , S F 37363. B O R N E O . S a r a w a k : K u c h i n g , S e m e n g o h F . R., SAR 3382, 15259, 15791, arboretum tree no. 653; U l u A r i p , 2 ° 4 0 ' N 1 1 2 ° 4 0 ' E , SAR 23768. B r u n e i : SAR 4897. S a b a . h : . . W e s t e r n p a r t , Beaufort Hill, SAN 36299; Ranau, mile 37th Ranau- Tamporuli Road, 1500 m,- SAN 26778. K a l i m a n t a n : Western p a r t , Mt. Kenepai, O° 45' N 112° E, Hallier 2098 (identification doubtful, leaf glabrous). '• ) 392 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 7 Castanopsis hypophoenicea (v. Seem.) Soepadmo, comb. nov. Quercus hypophoenicea, v. Seem, in Bot. Jahrb. 23, Beibl. 57: 52. 1897. — Litho- carpus hypophoenicea (v. Seem.) Barn, in Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 44: 171. 1944. — Type: Beccari PB 2287 (K! P!), from Sarawak. Castanopsis dispers>ispina Merr., PL Elm. Born.: 41. 1929. — Type: Elmer 21797 (A! BM! K! L! MICH! U! UC, holo!), from N. Borneo, near Tawao, fr. X-1922/ 111-1923. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : Lundu distr., 1° 30' N 110° E, SAB. 15411. S a b a h : Tenom distr., SAN 4O481; Jesselton distr., SAN 40316; Lahad Datu distr., SAN 26908, 34411; Ranau distr., Kinabalu area, 600 m, SAN 207$$, ± 1800 m, BSNB 2505, no altitude known, SAN 21337; Sandakan distr., many; Tawao distr., several. K a l i - m a n t a n : Eastern part, Sangkulirang, 1° N 118° E, Kostermans 13605; Western Kutei, Kombeng, Endert 5197; Peak of Balikpapan, 1° S 116° 30' E, 650' m, Koster- mans 7565. CASTANOPSIS INERMIS (Lindl. ex Wall.) Benth. & Hook. f. Castanopsis inermis (Lindl. ex Wall.) Benth. & Hook, f., Gen. PL 3: 409. 1880. — Castanea inermis Lindl. ex Wall., PI. As. Rar. 2: 6. 1830. — Type: Wallich 2762 (CGE! K, holo!), from Malaya, Penang, fl. fr. 1822 (not from Singapore as the author suspected). Castanea glomerata [non (Roxb.) Wall, ex BL] BL, Mus. Bot. 1: 283. 1850, quoad specimina, excl. syn. — Based on Wallich 2791 (BM! CGE! K! L! P!), from Malaya, Penang, fl. — NOTE: The specimen was misidentified by Wallich in his Catalogue as being Quercus glomerata Roxb., which is a Lithocarpus; Blume unfor- tunately transferred Roxburgh's name, citing the misidentified collection. Callaeocarpus sumatrana Miq., PL Jungh.: 14. 1851. — Castanopsis swmatrana (Miq.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182. 1863. — Castanea swmatrana (Miq.) Oerst. in Kong. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skr. v, 9: 378. 1871. — Type: Junghuhn (L! U!), from N. Sumatra, .Upper Angkola, 300—900 m, fr. Castanopsis mitifica Hance in J. Bot. 16: 200. 1878. •— Type: Teijsmann 11457 (BM! BO, holo! L!), from Lingga, Sg. Panga, fr. SUMATRA. T a p a n u l i : Res. Angkola, Junghuhn, fr.; Distr. Bangat-Topong, bb 524-4. ? D j a m b i : K. Heyne 17. P a l t e m b a n g : Grashoff 329, Praetorius, <$ fl. 1836 (described by Blume 1860 as C. glomerata (Roxb.) BL) ; Banjuasin, Kubu, For. Res. 70 T 1 P 126 Thorenaar; East of Sukaradja, Forbes 2979. L a m p on g: Tara- bangi, Teijstnann HB 4519. B a n g k a : Lobok Besar, 66 34.177, Kostermans & Anta 1135. L i n g g a I s . : Sg. Panga, Teijsmann HB 11457. MALAYA, K e d a h : Baling, 5° 40' N 100° 55' E, SF 2W67; Ketumba I., 6° 10' N 99° 47' E, KEP 11752; Jeriang Road, SF 35982. P e r a k : many. K e l a n t a n : Gua Musang, Sg. Galas, SF 22611. T r e n g g a n u : Abdullah 80; Bk. Payong, SF 334.86. P a h a n g : several. W e l l e s l e y : Ara Kuda, Ridley 7023. S e l a n g o r : many. N e g e r i S e m b i l a n : KEPICF 1959, SF 31696. M a l a c c a : Alvins, St., Derry 28, SF 40566. J oh o r e : several. P e n a n g : several. S i n g a p o r e : Cantley s.n., Burkill 532. 1968] SOEPADMO : Malesian Castanopsis CASTANOPSIS JAVANICA (Bl.) A. DC. 393 Castanopsis javanica (Bl.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182. 1863. — Fagus javanica Bl. in Flora 7: 295. 1824. — Castanea javanioa BL, Bijdr.: 525. 1825. — Quercus javanica (A. DC.) Drake in J. de Bot. 4: 153. 1890, excl. the specimens Balansa 2386 &, 2387 which are C. tessellata Hick. & A. Cam. — Type: Blume (L!), from1 Java, Mt. Gede, Tjibeureum, yfr. Castanea ? montana BL, Bijdr.: 526. 1825. —• Castanea javanica BL var. montana (BL) BL, Fl. Javae, CupuL: 45, t. 24, 1829. — Castanopsis javanica (BL) A. DC. var. montana (Bl.) A. DC, Prod. 16, 2: 111 1864. — Type: Blume (L!), from Java, Mt. Gede, Gegerbintang* fl., yfr. Castanea javanica Bl. var. fuscescens (Bl.) BL, Fl. Javae, CupuL: 45. 1829 (as unnamed variety in Bijdr.: 526. 1825). — Type: Blame (L!), from Java, st. Quercus discocarpa Hance in J. Bot. 12: 242. 1874. — Castanopsis discoearpa (Hance) Hance in J. Bot 16: 201. 1878. — Pasania discocarpa (Hance) Gamble in J. As. Soc. Beng. 75, ii: 447. 1915. — Synaedrys disoocarpa (Hance) Koidz. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 30: 186. 1916. — Type: Teijsmann 7001 (BM!) from Bangka fr. Castanopsis lentiginosa E. F. Warb. in Kew Bull.: 20. 1936. — Type Native coll. lib. Richards 1923 (K, holo! L!), from Borneo, Sarawak, Mt. Dulit, Ulu Koyan, 800— 900 m, fl. fr. 18-IX-1932. Castanopsis penangensis A. Cam. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 94: 4. 1947. — Type: Haniff 345 (K, holo! SING!), from Malaya, Penang, 600 m, yfr. XII. SUMATRA. A t j e h : Gajo-Loeeus, Penosan, G. Rangut Galang, 1600 m, 66 22401. E a s t C o a s t : Yates 1281. T a p a n u l i : Lake Toba, 1400 m, 66 15118. W e s t C o a s t : several; Mt. Kerintji, 1° 45' S 101° 20' E, 2.000 m, Meijer 6286; Mt. Singalang, Beccari PS 406. B a n g k a : Teijsmann HB 7648, HB 1144-7, HB 11456. M A L A Y A . P e r a k : L a r u t , King's coll 3651, 548$, 6975. P a h a n g : C a m e r o n H i g h l a n d s , 1 4 0 0 — 1 6 0 0 m , Poore 1319, 1324, 1325, Bajab 445, 468. S e l a n g o r : several. P e n a n g : several. JAVA. W e s t : Bantam, Pulasari, 6° 20' S 106° E, Koorders 1404; Depok F. R., 90 m, several; Salak and mountains farther East, many. C e n t r a l : Mt. Dieng, nearly 110° E, Blume s.n. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : Mt. Dulit, 3° 20' N 114° 10' E, Richards's coll. 1923; Usun Apau, 3° N 114° 40' E, 800 m, SAB 22617; Ulu Baram, 3° 30' N 115° 30' E, 1000 m, SAB 20206. S a b a h : Western part, Keningau, SAN 49571; Tuaran, 210 m, Melegrito 3313; Ranau and Mt. Kinabalu, 6001—1350 m, several. K a l i m a n t a n : Eastern part, Western Kutei, bb 16569; Djembajan, 66 25140; Liak-Leng and Lahun, 0-2° N 116° 30' E, Endert 2995 & 1838; Sangkulirang-, 1° 10' N 117" 40>' E, 66 34796; Balikpapan, 1° 15' S, 66 25634, Kostermans 4292. Castanopsis johorensis Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramuli juveniles fulve pubescentes mox glabrescentes, graciles nigri lenticellis minutis sparse muniti, stipulis linearibus acutis 3—4 mm longis 0-7—1 mm latis. Petiolus 1—2 cm longus basim versus fuscus supra sul- catus. Folia tenue coriacea 7—15 cm longa 2—5 cm lata, 2.5—3.1—plo longitudine latitudinem superantia latiora in medio parte, basi attenuata 894 R E I N W A K D T I A [VOL. 7 apice gradatim ad abrupte 1—2 cm acuminato, faciebus concoloribus potius nitidis subtus squamis stellatis adpressis sparse munitis (vide magnifica- tione 40), opace brunnescentibus, costa venisque subtus valde prominentibus supra depressis, venis lateralibus utrinque 7—11 a costa angulo 60—80° ascendentibus subparallelis marginem versus arcuatis anatomosantibusque, reticulatione irregulari. (Inflorescentia mascula ignota.) Rachis feminea circiter 5.5 cm longa 1.5 mm crassa floribus solitariis periantho profunde 6-lobato, staminodiis 12 melius evolutis et perianthium superantibus, stylis 3 teretibus recurvatis 1—1.5 mm longis. Cupula sessilis complanato-glo- bosa 2—3 cm diametro pariete subglabro praeter sectorem adaxialem epinis fasciculatis 8—10 mm longis simplicibus gracilibus plus minusve rectis subglabris perdente munita. Fructus complanato-ellipsoideus 1.5—- 2 cm longus 1—1.5 cm latus pariete lignoso 1—2 mm crasso ad cupulam omnino adnato rugoso glabro. TYPUS: KEP 77887 Kochummen (K! KEP! L, holo! SING!), from Malaya, Johore, Mersing, fr. 23-VII-1957. S U M A T R A . C e n t r a l p a r t : T a r a m , 0° 15' S 100° 40' E, 500 m, Maradjo 326. MALAYA. J o h o r e : Mersing, KEP 77887; Sg. Sedili, SF 36869; Kota Tinggi, SF 10153. Castanopsis lucida (Nees in Wall.) Soepadmo, comb. nov. Alseodaphne lucida Nees in Wallich, PI. As. R a r . 2: 72. 1831. — Laurus lucida Wall., Cat.: 2590, homen. — T y p e : Wallich 2590, from Singapore, st. 1822 (BM! K ! ) . Castanopsis hulleUii K i n g ex Hook. f. in F l . Br. Ind. 5: 623. 1888. — T y p e : Hullett 78, from Singapore, fl. ( S I N G ! ) . MALAYA. P e r a k : Pondok P a n d j a n g Res., KEP/CF 9780, King's coll. 7753. S e l a n g o r : Bt. Lagong F . R., KEP 60619. N e g e r i S e m b i l a n : P a s i r P u t i h R e s . , KEP/CF 584. M a l a c c a : Berry 466, Goodenough 1344. J o h o r e : B k . P a l o h Instate, Shah 409. P e n a n g: many. S i n g a p o r e : many. B O R N E O . S a r a w a k : Marop, 1° 10' N 111° 55' E, Beccari PB 3242. K a l i - m a n t a n : Western p a r t , H a y u p , ± 2° S 115° 20' N, Hub. Winkier 2406; K a r a n g a n R., 1° 20' N 117° 40' E, Kostermans 13628. NOTES. The name Laurus lucida appeared for the first time in Wallich's Cat., no. 2590. Nees (1831) gave a brief description and trans- ferred it with a question mark to Alseodaphne. In a note to the species, Nees expressed doubt about the generic identity and suggested that it might belong to Quercus. Hooker f. (in Fl. Br. Ind. 5: 147. 1886) maintained it, under doubtful species, in Alseodaphne, but he also gave a comment that it might be not a Lauraceous plant. Gamble (in J. As. Soc. Beng. 75, ii: 96. 1912), on the other hand, was of the opinion that it might be a species of Litsea. Ridley (Fl. Mai. Pen. 3: 100. 1924) said that it might 1968] SOEPADMO : Malesian Castanopsis 895 be an oak species. Kostermans (in J. Sc. Res. Indon. 1, 5: 116. 1952) sug- gested that Alseodaphne lucida might be a species of Lithocarpus. In the Kew Herbarium I found Wallich 2590 under the original name, whereas in the British Museum, a duplicate has been inserted among the unidentified specimens of Lithocarpus. Though these two specimens are sterile, I have not the slightest doubt that they are conspecific with Castanopsis hulleUii King ex Hook. f. Accordingly a new combination, Castanopsis lucida (Nees in Wall.) Soepadmo, is proposed here and C. hulleUii is reduced to it. C A S T A N O P S I S M A L A C C E N S I S G a m b l e Castanopsis malaccensis Gamble in Kew Bull.: 178. 1914. — Type: Derry 947 (K, holo! S I N G ! ) , from Malaya, Malacca, Brisu, fr. I I I . S U M A T R A . C e n t r a l p a r t : K u a n t a n , ± 1° S 103° E, 66 25207, 26502. MALAYA. Upper P e r a k : Ulu Kendurong, 5° 30' N 101° 10' E, SF 11614. N e g e r i S e m b i l a n : Semawang, KEP/CF 527. S e l a n g o r : Ginting Simpah, KEP/CF 10921, 12640; Ulu Gombak P. R., KEP 79120. Pa h a n g : KEP/FMS 15776. M a l a c c a : s e v e r a l . J o h o r e : S g . S e d i l i , 2 ° N 1 0 4 " 0 7 ' E , Corner, s t . V I I . S i n g a - p o r e : Ridley s.n., SF 34506, 34920. CASTANOPSIS MEGACARPA Gamble Castanopsis megacarpa, Gamble in Kew Bull.: 180. 1914. — Type: King's coll. 7070 (K, holo! L ! ) , from Malaya, P e r a k , Kinta, fr. I. MALAYA. K e 1 a n t a n: Sg. Ketel, ± 5° N 102° E, SF 248:26. P e r a k : several. T r e n g g a n u : 26th mile Kuala T.-Besut Road, S F 40754. S e l a n g o r : several. N e g e r i S e m b i l a n : KEP/CF 616. M a l a c c | a : several. J o h o r e : Tg. Sedili Kechil, 1° 5 1 ' N 104° 10' E, Corner, fr. I V ; Bk. Paloh E s t a t e , Shah & Kadivi 415. S i n g a p o r e : several B O R N E O . S a r a w a k : Lundu distr., 1" 30' N 110° E, SAR 15666 (aff. megw- carpa); Bintulu distr., Segan F. R., SAR 15804 (aff. megacarpa). K a l i m a n t a n : Western p a r t , Betung, 0° 20' S 111 0 10' E, 66 296,23 (aff. megacarpa) ; E a s t e r n p a r t , Nunukan I., Kostermans 8631 (aff. megacarpa), Paymans 150; Balikpapan area, Mentawir, Sauveur 68. . . Castanopsis microphylla Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramuli juveniles dense pilis fulvis stellatis magnitudine variis obtecti sero glabrescentes vulgo graciles atropurpurei-brunnei laeves sparse lenti- cellati stipulis linearibus acutis 5—7 mm longis 1—2 mm latis pilosis. Petiolus 3—10 mm longus 1 mm crassus supra pianus. Folia chartacea 5—9 cm longa 1.5—3 cm lata, 2.5—4.6—plo longitudine latitudinem su- perantia latiora in medio parte vel paulo basim versus, basi attenuata ad rare subrotundata apice gradatim 0.5—1 cm acuminato apiculo acuto vel 396 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 7 obtuso, faciebus plus minusve discoloribus supra glabra parum nitida subtus squamis stellatis dense ad sparse obtecta (vide magnificatione 60), in venis praesertim juvenilibus pilis longis simplicibus, costa utrinque prominente venis lateralibus utrinque 8—10 a costa angula 45—60° ascen- dentibus parallelis marginem versus arcuatis tenuibus, reticulatione scalariforme subtili densi utrinque obscura. Rachis mascula 5—10 cm longa 1 mm crassa fasciculis 3—7 floribus, perianthio 6-lobato extus dense tomentoso, staminibus 12 filamento 1—1.5 mm longo anthera circiter 0.2 mm longa, pistillodio circiter 1 mm diametro. Rachis feminea 3—5 cm longa 1 mm crassa floribus ternis perianthio 0.5 mm profunde lobato, staminodiis 12 abortivis, stylis 3 conoideis 1 mm longis. Cupula juvenilis sessilis ovoidea-globosa 5 mm longa 5 mm diametro 3 fructus omnino includens, extus 4 sectoribus breve distincteque spinosis suturis futuris squamosis alternantibus. TYPUS: S. 22511 Sibat ak Luang (A, BO, K, holo! KEP, L! SAN, SAR, SING), from Borneo, Sarawak, 4th division, Bt Mersing, Anap, c. 400 m, yfr. 15-X-1964. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : Mt. Poi, 1° 45' N 109° 40' E, 1200—1300 m, Clemens 20091, 202,31; Gn. Wah, SW. of Kuching, Beccari PB 2756; Bk. Raya, 2° 10' N 113° 05' E, 240 m, SAB 14744; Bt. Mersing, 2" 30' N 113° 05' E, SAB 21891, 22123, 22511. S a b a h : Mt. Kinabalu, 900—1560 m, Clemens 28162, SAN 26794. K a l i m a n t a n : Sanggau, 1° 10' N 109° 40' E, 66 18791; Western Kutei, Mt. Kemul, 2° N 116° E, Endert 4128; Mendom, Sg. Klindjau, 1° N 116° 30' E, 66 292.30. CASTANOPSIS MOTTLEYANA King Type:Castanopsis mottleyana King in Ann. Gard. Calc. 2: 96, t. 86. 1889. Becciri PB 2613 (PI, holo! K! P ! ) , from Borneo, Sarawak, yfr. Castanopsis pearsonii Merr. m Philip. J. Sc. 30: 79. 1926. — Type : D. D. Wood (coll. Evangelista) 1151 (K! UC, holo!), from North Borneo, Rayoh, fr. 25-1-1924. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : F i r s t division, several; Upper Rajang, Gat, 2° N 113°. E, Clemens 610,1, 21510; Similajau F. R., 3° 30' N 113° 20' E, SAB 18108; Mt. Mulu, 4° N 115° E, SAB 4097. B r u n e i : Seria distr., Teraja F. R., Hotta 12871, 12931; Andulau F. R., BBUN 595; Mt. Bangar, 4° 40' N 115° 10' E, Hotta 13102. S a t o a h : many, in most coastal districts. K a l i m a n t a n : E a s t e r n p a r t , from North to South: Nunukan I., Kostermans 8702, 9117; Tidung Lands, 66 18275; Berau, 66 19033 (probably mottleyana); West Kutei, 66 16266; Central Kutei, Long Bleh, Kostermans 10287; Mahakam River estuary, Kostermans 7032, 9563, 10799; Balikpapan, 66 34378. P H I L I P P I N E S . M i n d a n a o : Mt. Apo, 9001 m, Elmer 10579, 11269; Bukidnon prov., Mt. Katanglud, 1700 m, PNH 9943; Northern Zamboanga, 500 m, PNH 38255, 38419; Agusan, Stern 2113. CASTANOPSIS NEPHELIOIKES King ex Hook. f. Castanopsis nephelioides King ex Hook, f. in Fl. Br. Ind. 5: 624. 1888. -*- Lectotvpe: King's coll. 7208 (BM! K, holo! L! P! SING!), from Malaya, Perak, Kinta, fr. 1-1885. 1968] SOEPADMO: Malesian Castanopsis 397 MALAYA. K e d a h: Bk. Selamban, KEP/FMS 8953; Bk. Sungoh Reserve, KEPI FMS 8957. P e r a k : many. P a h a n g: Sg. Sat, Ulu Tembeling, SF 21932; F r a s e r Hill, Shah & Noor 625, Poore 1237, 1360. S e 1 a n g o r: Sg,. Luit, Poore 1S62. J o h o r e: Gn. P a n t i F. R., Sinclair 10829. S i n g a p o r e : Canthy s.n., Bidley 6440. Castanopsis oligoneura Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramuli juveniles plus minusve porphyreo tomentosi, glabrescentes graciles lenticellis sparse minutis. Petiolus 1.5—3 cm longus gracilis basi incrassatus supra planus. Folia rigide coriacea, 7—15 cm longa 3—6 cm lata, 2.4—3.4—plo longitudine latitudinem superantia latiora in medio parte, basi attenuata-acuta ad subacuminata apice acuto vel abrupte acu- minato apiculo 0.5 cm longo acuto vel obtuso, faciebus discoloribus supra plus minusve nitida virescente glabra subtus pallide brunneis squamis stellatis adpressis plus minusve dense obtectis (vide magnificatione 30— 60) fere glabra, costa venisque lateralibus subtus prominentibus supra tenuiter prominentibus vel planis, venis lateralibus utrinque 5—7, a costa angulo 45—60° ascendentibus subparallelis marginem versus arcuatis, reticulatione subtili scalariforme supra obscura. Rachis mascula 5—10 cm longa 1.5—2 mm crassa floribus solitariis vel vulgius cum 3—7 in fasci- culis, perianthio profunde 4—6-lobato, staminibus 8—-12 filamento 3-— 3.5 mm longo anthera 0.2—0.25 mm longa, pistillodio 1 mm diametro. Rachis feminea (vel interdum bisexualis) 5—8 cm longa floribus solitariis perianthio 6-lobato, staminodiis 12 abortivis, stylis 3 terete-conoideis re- curvatis 1—2 mm longis, ovario rotundato-triangulare. Cupula subsessilis ellipsoidea-globosa 2.5—3 cm longa 2—2.5 cm diametro pariete circiter 2 mm crasso glabro vel sparse puberulente, potius laxe sed regulariter spinosa praeter sectorem adaxialem applanatum, spinis validis 6—10 mm longis vulgo solitariis interdum fasciculatis paulum recurvatis sparse puberulis munitis; dehiscentia irregulare. Fructus unicus, ellipsoideus- globosus 2—2.5 cm diametro pariete 1 mm crasso ad cupulam fere omnino adnato rugoso glabro. TYPUS: SAN 32836 Meijer (K! L, holo! SAN! SING!), from Borneo, Sabah, Sandakan, Kebun China F. R., Sibuga Road, fr. 2-X-1963. BORNEO. S a r a w a k : Bk. Pendam, 1° 56' N 111° 22' E, SF 35736. B r u n e i : Penampang, 4° 45' N 114° 43' E, BBUN 2957. S a b a h : 6 miles SSE of Malaman, 4° 55' N 115° 40' E, SAN 16802; Distr. Sandakan, many. Castanopsis oviformis Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramulis juveniles indumento brunnescente adpresso stellato sero glabrescentes, graciliores, atropurpurei vel fusci lenticellis minutis sparse muniti, stipulis ovatis acutis 3̂ —5 mm longis 2—3 mm latis. Petiolus 1— 1.5 cm longis supra planus. Folia positionem disticham versus interdum inserta plus minusve tenuiter coriacea 6—5 cm longa 4:—6.5 cm lata, 400 REINWARDTIA [VOL. 7 b Fig. 1. Castanopsis pedunculata Soepadmo and C. paucispina Soepadmo. — C. pedun- culata: a, branchlet, 2/3 x ; 6, ripe cupule, 2/3 x ; c, fruits, 273 x. — C. paucispina: d, branchlet, 2/3 X ; e, terminal bud, 4 X ; /, cupule outside, 2/3 X ; g, cupule, longi- tudinal section, 2/3 X- — a-c, after SAN 16805; d-g. after SAN A 1,385. 1968] SOEPADMO: Malesian Castanopsis 401 Castanopsis glabra, Merr. in Philip. J. Sc. 9: Bot. 354. 1914. — Type: Wenzel 737 (BM! US!), from Philippines, Leyte, yfr. V/VII-1914. PHILIPPINES. M ' i n d o r o : FB 8547. L u z o n : North of Manila, Angat, Vidal 611, 611b; Bulacan prov., PNH 41831, Ramos 672; Round Manila, Rizal prov., several; SE. of Manila, Laguna prov., FB 31266; Camarines prov., ± 14° N 123° E, FB U796; A l b a y p r o v . , ± 1 3 ° N 1 2 4 ° E , PNH S4558. S a m a r : F B 21079, 23571, B S 24556. L e y t e : Wenzel 619, 737. B a s i l a n : B S 16130, Ebalo 992. M i n d a n a o : scattered over the island; N. Zamboanga prov., PNH 38166; Lanao prov., Ebalo 1169; Mt. Urdaneta, 1200 m, Elmer 14124; Mt. Katanglad, 1800 m, PNH 9863; Mt. Dulangan, 1500 m, Whitehead s.n.; Mt. Apo, Elmer 11295, 11315. 7 . Castanopsis psilophylla Soepadmo, spec. nov. Ramuli fere ab initio glabri, laeves fusci atropurpurei lenticellis nullis vel perpauci stipulis linearibus 3—4 mm longis fugacibus. Petiolus 0.5— 1.5 cm longus glaber supra planus vel paulum sulcatus. Folia tenue coriacea (6—)10(—16) cm longa (1—)3.5(—5) cm lata, (2.3—)2.8—4.2-plo longi- tudine latitudinem superantia latiora in medio parte interdum infra, facie- bus plus minusve discoloribus glabris supra vulgo nitida, basi rotundata ad acuta paulum decurrente apice acuto ad 0.5—2 cm acute acuminato, costa venisque lateralibus utrinque plus minusve prominentibus, venis lateralibus utrinque 9—12 a costa angulo 60—70° parallelis marginem versus arcuatis evanescentibusque, reticulatione tenui utrinque obscura. Rachis mascula 5—15 cm longa 1—2 mm crassa floribus cum 3—7 fasci- culati perianthio profunde 6-lobato, staminibus 12 filamento 1.5—2 mm longo anthera 0.2—0.25 mm longa, pistillodio 1 mm diametro. Rachis feminea (interdum bisexualis) circiter 6 mm longa floribus cum 3—7 in fasciculis perianthio profunde 6-lobato, staminodiis 12 bene evolutis et perianthium superantibus vel abortiva, stylis 3 conoideis recurvatis 1 mm longis. Cupula juvenilis subsessilis turbinata tuberculis brevibus in seriebus concentricis munita. Cupula matura asymmetrice pyriformis vel depresse obovoidea lobis 2 vel plus, fructus 3—7 omnino includens pills stellatis vel simplicibus olivacea velutina, 1.5—2.5 cm magnitudine pariete 0.5 cm crasso nonnulis crestis tuberculorum brevium interdum recurvatorum munito, in 2 vel 4 segmenta plus minusve regulariter dehiscens. Fructus ovoidei-complanati 1.5—2 cm magnitudine cicatrice convexa rugosa 2/5 ad 4/5 partem occupante parte libera dense brunneo tomentosa. TYPUS: SAN 25953 Muin Chai (K! L, holo! SAN!), from Borneo, Sabah, Lahad Datu Distr., Sg. Limau, Kelumpang, 200 ft, yfr., fr. 24-VII- 1961. BORNEO.. S a r a w a k : Mt. Matang, 1° 36' N 110° 11' E, Beccari PB 2973; Bk. Mentagai, 3° 40' N 114° 06' E, SAB 22846; Limbang distr., SAB 4454; Bt. Mersing, 2° 30' N 113° 05' E, SAB 21921. S a b a h : many, in various districts. K a l i m a n t a n : E a s t e r n part, from North to South: Nunukan I., 66 19776 (probably psilophylla) ; Tidung Lands, 66 18161 (probably psilophylla) ; Sangkulirang, Kostermans 13478; Hayup, 2° S 115° 20' E, Hub. Winkler 2354a. 402 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. 7 P H I L I P P I N E S . P a l a w a n : P u e r t o Princesa, 9 ° 40' N , Ebalo 408. NOTE. Castanopsis brevispina Schottky in Bot. Jahrb. 49: 358. 1913, non Hayata 1911, might belong here, but the description of the cupule does not agree in all points, and the type specimen, Foxworthy 156 from Sarawak, is, as far as could be ascertained, lost. CASTANOPSIS RHAMNIFOLIA (Miq.) A. DC. Castanopsis rhamnifolia (Miq.) A. D C , Prod. 16, 2: 113. 1864. — Quercus rham- nifolia Miq., F l . Ind. Bat. 1, 1: 853. 1856. •— Callaeocarpus rhamnifolia (Miq.) Miq., S u m a t r a : 353. 1861. — Castanea rhamnifolia (Miq.) Oerst. in Kong. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skr. v, 9: 378, 1871. — T y p e : Horsfield (BM! U, holo!), from B a n g k a , yfr. Castanopsis pachycarpa A. Cam. in Bull. Mus. Hist, N a t . P a r i s ii, 6: 92. 1934. — T y p e : SF 28326 Henderson (K! P! S I N G ! U C ! ) , from Malaya, P a h a n g , Cameron H i g h l a n d s , ± 1500 m, fr. 2-IV-1930. S U M A T R A . E a s t C o a s t : K a r o H i g h l a n d s , 1500 m , 6 6 7169; P e m a t a n g Sian- t a r , 3° N 99° E, Lbrzing 17302. W e s t C o a s t : W e s t e r n I n d r a g i r i , Meyer 4296; Mt. Sago, 0° 23' S 138° E, 1000—1300' m, Ichlas 48, Meijer 5000, 7660. P a l e m b a n g : Grashoff 842a; Banjuasin, 66 T 718. L a m p o n g : Teijsmann HB 4459; Tarabangi, Teijsmann HB 4432. Bangka: many. M A L A Y A . P e r a k : s e v e r a l . K e l a n t a n : G u a M u s a n g , S g . G a l a s , 5 ° 3 2 ' N 102° 12' E , S F 29733. P a h a n g : C a m e r o n H i g h l a n d s , Poore 132%. S e l a n g o - r : s e v e r a l . CASTANOPSIS SCHEFFERIANA Hance Castanopsis schefferiana Hance in J. Bot. 16: 200. 1878. — T y p e : Teysmann 11441 (BM! BO, holo! L ! ) , from Lingg a Is., Sg. T a n d a , fr. Castanopsis andersonii Gamble in Kew Bull.: 179. 1914. — Lectotypa: Ridley 11353 ( K ! ) , from Malaya, Singapore, fr. S U M A T R A . E a s t C o a s t : L a n g k a t , 4 ° N 98° 30' E , 6 6 16411. R - i o u w I-,. K a r i m u n : 6 6 20S78. L i n g g a I s . : Teijsmann H B 11441. M A L A Y A . K e d a h : Saad 20662. P a h a n g : F r a s e r H i l l , KEP 45471; T a s e k B e r a & v i e , Chew 266. S e 1 a n g o r: s e v e r a l . N e g r i S e m b i l a n : KEP/FMS 572, Shah 79. M a l a c c a : Ridley 583, 1593. J o h o r e : B k . P a l o h E s t a t e , Shah 425. P e n a n g : Curtis 84, I486. S i n g a p o r e : s e v e r a l . CASTANOPSIS SCORTECHINII Gamble Castanopsis scortechinii Gamble in Kew Bull.: 178. 1914. — T y p e : Scortechini s.n. ( K ! ) , from Malaya, P e r a k , fr. MALAYA. P e r a k : Scortechini, fr. P a h a n g : Cameron H i g h l a n d s , S F 23626. CASTANOPSIS SELANGOKENSIS A. Camus Castanopsis selangorensis A. Camus in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 94: 4. 1947. — Type: Burkill 9160, from Malaya. 1968] SoEPADMO: Malesian Castanopsis 403 NOTE. Since the type could not be located in any of the consulted herbaria, and the description is not recognizable, this species is here con- sidered to be of doubtful status. CASTANOPSIS TUNGURRUT (Bl.) A. DC. Castanopsis tungurrut (Bl.) A. DC. in J. Bot. 1: 182. 1863. — Castanea, tungurrut Bl., Bijdr.: 525. 182:5. — Type: Blume s.n. (K! L!), from Java, Banten,. fl." XI. Castanea tungurrut Bl. f. sumatrana Miq., Sumatra: 353. 1861. — Type: Teijs- mann HB 4377 (BO! U!), from S. Sumatra, Lampong distr.-, yfr. ; : Castanopsis ridleyi Gamble in Kew Bull.: 180, p.p. 1914. — Lectotype: Good- enough 1479 (K! SING!), from Malaya, Malacca, Sungai Udang, fr. IX. Castanopsis conspersispina Merr. in Pap. Mich. Ac. Sc. 19: 152, t. 17. 1934. — Type: Rahmat 1476 (A! MICH! SING!), from NE. Sumatra, Asahan, Dolok Maradja, fr. 7-X-1928. S U M A T R A . T a p a n u 1 i: Angkola-Sepirok, 1° 35' N 99° 15' E, 1400 m, 66 5632. E a s t C o a s t : 400—1500 m , s e v e r a l ; C e n t r a l p a r t , I n d r a g i r i , P e r a n a p , 0 ° 35' S.102" E, 66 80118; Sungei A k a r , 0° 38' S 102!° 43' E, 66 28292, P i a l em b a n g : s e v e r a l ; Bengkulu, R e d j a n g , Endert 1080. L a m p o n g : Teijsmann H B 4377. S i m a l u r : Achmad 1214, 1484, 1559. B a n g k a : Sg. Liat, Teijsmann HB 7609. M A L A Y A . N e g r i S e m b i l a n : Setul, 2° 48' N 101° 55' S, KEP/FMS 501; S e m a w a n g Reserve, KEP/CF 1956. M a l a c c a : Sg. U d a n g , s e v e r a l ; Selandor, Alvins 487; Batu Tiga, Holmberg 833. JAVA. W e s t : Bantam, ± 106° 25' E, Tjipanas, 6° 30' S, Backer 2003; Pelabuhan Ratu, 7° 00' S, sea-level, Koorders 11723; Djasinga near Bogor, Mt. Salak, Mt. Gede, Takoka, ± 7° S 107° E, several; East of Tjibeber, 7° 30' S 108° E, Winckel 224, 1704- NOTE. Gamble, under his C. ridleyi, had two specimens, the other, King's Coll. 6831, belonging to C. megacarpa. CASTANOPSIS WALLICHII. King ex Hook. f. Castanopsis wallichii King ex Hook. f. in Fl. Br. Ind. 5: 624. 1888. — Type: Wallich 2763 (BM! CGE! K, holo!), from Malaya, Penang, fr. MALAYA. K e d a h : KEP 21887. P e r a k : Birch Hill, Fox 108; Pondok Tanjong F. R., 5° N 100° 4l' E, KEP/CF 11SSS. S e l a n g o r : Near Kuala Lumpur, KEP/CF 4991. M a l a c c a : several. P e n a n g : several. S i n g a p o r e : many. IDENTIFICATION LIST Type specimens are marked with (T)L Specimens with an asterisk have been discussed in the Notes in the Flora Malesiana revision, now in the press. All collections numbered under institutional series are listed not according to the collector's names, but under the letters of the series so that all collections distri- buted from the Forest Research Institute at Kepong, Malaya, are preceded by the letters 'KEP', from the Forest Department at Sandakan, North Borneo, by 'SAN' and 'Kadir, North. Borneo Forest Department no. A 541' is cited as 'SAN A 541'. 404 R E I N W A R D T I A [VOL. The abbreviations of the institutional series are as folows: ANU = Australian National University, Canberra, bb = bosschen buitengewesten; collections in the Indonesian islands outside Java, by the Forestry Service, Bogor. BRUN = Forest Department Herbarium, Brunei. BS = Bureau of Science, Manila. BW = Boswezen, Manokwari, western New Guinea. FB = Forestry Bureau, Manila. Ja = colleltions in Java by the Forestry Service, Bogor. KEP = Forest Research Institute, Kepong, Malaya, under which are here included numbers in the CF-series (Conservator of Forest), and in the FMS-series (Federated States Museums). NGF = New Guinea Forests, Forestry Department, Lae. PNH = Philippine National Herbarium, Manila. RSNB = Royal Society (London) expedition to Mt. Kinabalu, North Borneo. SAN = Forest Department, Sandakan, North Borneo. SAR = Forest Department, Kuching, Sarawak. SF = Singapore Field numbers. This list contains all the numbered collections examined, which are each followed by the abbreviation of the species under which they belong, as follows: — Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC. = argentea (Bl.) A. DC. = borneensis King = buruana Miq. = catappaefolia King ex Hook, f. = clemensii Soepadmo = costata (Bl.) A. DC. = curtisii King = densinervia Soepadmo = endertii Hatus. ex Soepadmo = evansii Elmer = foxworthyi Schottky = fulva Gamble = hypophoenicea (v. Seem.) Soepadmo = inermis (Lindl. ex wall.) Benth. & Hook. f. = javanica (Bl.) A. DC. = johorensis Soepadmo = lucida (Nees in Wall.) Soepadmo = malaccensis Gamble = megacarpa Gamble acum arg born buru cat clem cost curt dens end evan foxw ful hypo iner jav joh luc mal meg 1968] SOEPADMO : Malesian Castanopsis 405 mic = mott = neph = olig = ovif = pauc = ped = phil = psi = rham = sch = scor = tung = wall = microphylla Soepadmo mottleyana King nephelioides King ex Hook. f. oligoneura Soepadmo oviformis Soepadmo paucispina Soepadmo pedunculata Soepadmo philipensis (Blanco) Vidal psilophylla Soepadmo rhamnifolia (Miq.) A. DC. schef.feriana Hance scortechinii Gamble tungurrut (Bl.) A. DC. wallichii King ex Hook, f. Abdullah 80: iner; Achmad 1214, 1484, 1559: tung; Aet & Idjan (Exp. van Dijk) 265: acum; Alvins 327, 355: mal, 487: tung, 1871: luc; Ami