DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v67i4.5789Sociobiology 67(4): 584-592 (December, 2020) Open access journal: http://periodicos.uefs.br/ojs/index.php/sociobiology ISSN: 0361-6525 Introduction The Amazon rainforest is the largest biome within the Brazilian territory, covering an area of 4,196.943 Km² (Ministério do Meio Ambiente, 2018). Many areas of Brazil lack the most basic biodiversity studies, particularly in the case of invertebrates. In order to develop any effective conservation proposals, first of all, it is necessary to acquire knowledge of the species that occur in a particular area. For this reason, the thematic network ‘Biodiversity of Insects in the Amazon’ is the first network among researchers of the Brazilian Amazon in terms of the increase of knowledge and provision of subsidies for the conservation of Amazonian biodiversity, focusing on insects, and to disseminate this knowledge to different sectors of our society (see Somavilla et al., 2020). The Brazilian Amazon rainforest is one of the greatest biodiversities hotspots in the world, including the greatest diversity of social wasps (Silveira, 2002; Somavilla et al., 2014a; Barbosa et al., 2016; Somavilla et al., 2020). Knowledge on Abstract The Acre and Rondônia states in Brazil are part of the Western Amazon rainforest in Brazil, an area harboring high biodiversity and high degree of endemisms. Nevertheless, there are few studies on diversity of social wasps occurring in both states. This study presents a list of social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae) collected using three modified Malaise trap models: Townes, Gressitt and Gressitt, and suspended traps in two localities in Acre and two in Rondônia states. A total of 60 species were collected, 20 of these species are new distribution records to Acre State. Meanwhile, 54 species were collected in Rondônia State, 15 of which are new collecting records. Some species are not commonly found in collections and lists of species, and some are recorded for the first or second time to Brazil or the Amazon region. Currently there are 114 species (19 genera) for Acre and 116 species (19 genera) for Rondônia. This increase may be an indication that the Polistinae richness is probably higher in the regions studied and that Acre and Rondônia may well contain a number of additional (as yet unrecorded) social wasp species. We also present an update on the geographic records of social wasps’ fauna in both states. Sociobiology An international journal on social insects A Somavilla, RNM de Morais Junior, PCS Barroso, ML Oliveira, JA Rafael Article History Edited by Marcel Hermes, UFLA, Brazil Received 14 August 2020 Initial acceptance 06 Novemebr 2020 Final acceptance 10 November 2020 Publication date 28 December 2020 Keywords Amazon biome, entomologists network, new records, Hymenoptera, Western Amazon. Corresponding author Alexandre Somavilla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8174-7418 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Coordenação de Biodiversidade Av. André Araújo nº 2936 CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. E-Mail: alexandresomavilla@gmail.com social wasps remains from some few studies carried out in forest fragments. Ducke (1904, 1907) conducted one of the first surveys of wasp fauna in the eastern region of the Brazilian Amazon, mainly in Pará State. Recently, similar works have been carried out in the Brazilian Amazon, such as in Acre State (Morato et al., 2008; Gomes et al., 2018), Amapá State (Silveira et al., 2008; Silveira et al., 2019), Amazonas State (Silveira et al., 2008; Somavilla et al., 2015; Somavilla et al., 2016; Somavilla & Oliveira, 2017; Somavilla et al., 2019; Somavilla et al., 2020), Maranhão State (Somavilla et al., 2014b), Pará State (Silveira, 2002; Silva & Silveira, 2009), Rondônia State (Gomes et al., 2020), and Roraima State (Raw, 1998; Barroso et al., 2017). Despite the contributions of these works, Somavilla et al. (2014a) stated “there are many sample gaps in the Amazon region and distribution and occurrence studies are necessary for improving upon this prior knowledge”. Furthermore, for Acre there are two works on social wasps: one in Serra do Divisor National Park (Morato et al., 2008) and another in three fragments Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil RESEARCH ARTICLE - WASPS Biodiversity of Insecta in Amazonia: Updating the geographic records of social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae) in Acre and Rondônia States, Brazil Sociobiology 67(4): 584-592 (December, 2020) 585 of the Amazon rainforest, near to the city of Rio Branco (Gomes et al., 2018), in addition to the previous records from Richards (1978) and the Taxonomic Catalog of Fauna of Brazil – CTFB (Hermes et al., 2015), reporting a sum of 94 species for this state. In Rondônia, one recent work has been published by Gomes et al. (2020) with samples from three fragments in northern Rondônia, in addition to the previous records from Richards (1978) and the Taxonomic Catalog of Fauna of Brazil – CTFB (Hermes et al., 2015), reporting 101 species for this state. Moreover, it is an area close to Peru and Bolivia, regions known for presenting endemic species for different groups of organisms (Brown, 1991; Hoorn et al., 2010), but the diversity of social wasps in this part of the Amazon is poolry known, generating a gap in knowledge about the species occurring in the Western Amazon of Brazil. In this way, a long term collection of one year was carried out within the network ‘Biodiversity of Insects in the Amazon’ and we present here the social wasps results of two different areas sampled in Acre and two in Rondônia States. Also, we present updated geographic records of social wasps’ fauna in both states. Material and Methods Acre State areas The social wasps were collected in two areas in Acre State: Bujari, Experimental Farm Antimary (09º20’01” S, 68º19’17” W) and Senador Guiomard, Experimental Farm Catuaba (10º04’28” S, 67º37’00” W). The region where the two areas are located is characterized by open forest with the presence of Gadua bamboos (locally known as tabocais), and palm trees (Silveira, 2005). The predominant type of soil in the region is latosol and the landscape is slightly hilly (Daly & Silveira, 2008). The average annual temperature varies between 22 and 24º C. Lowest temperatures occur in August (about 12 to 14 ºC) (Mesquita & Paiva, 1995; Mesquita, 1996). Average annual rainfall is 1,944 mm, varying between 1,566 and 2,425 mm. The climate is tropical wet, with well-defined hot/rainy (winter) and hot/dry (summer) seasons. The rainy period occurs from October to April and the driest period from June to August. May and September are transitional months between seasons (Duarte, 2005). Rondônia State areas The social wasps were collected in two areas in Rondônia State: Porto Velho, Forest Fragment of Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR) (08º50’15.8” S, 63º56’17.5” W) and Itapuã do Oeste, Floresta Nacional of Jamari (09º15’36” S, 62º54’46” W). The predominant vegetation in the region are of the dense rainforest and open rainforest types. The predominant type of soil in the region is latosol and the relief is slightly rugged with few depressions, the state is on an average of 240 m in altitude (Schlindwein et al., 2012). The average annual temperature is about 25º C. Average annual rainfall is 2,400 mm, varying between 2,200 and 2,600 mm. The climate is tropical wet, with well-defined hot/rainy (winter) and hot/dry (summer) seasons. The rainy period occurs from November to April and the driest period from June to September. May and October are transitional months between seasons (Fernandes & Guimarães, 2002). Wasp collection and identification The wasps were collected in the forest fragments using three modified Malaise trap models: 1. Townes (1972) model 2-meter long; 2. Gressitt and Gressitt (1962) model 6-meter long with two collector vials in understory; and 3. suspended trap (Rafael & Gorayeb, 1982) model in the canopy. All of these trap models were distributed in each forest fragment and were active for twelve uninterrupted months, totaling a period of one year between July 2016 and June 2017, and every fifteen days only the collection bottles were replaced. The Polistinae specimens were sorted and identified at the Hymenoptera Laboratory of the National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA). The vouchers were deposited into the INPA’s Invertebrate Collection and duplicates will be sent to other collections like MNRJ (Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro) and MZUSP (Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, São Paulo), as recommended by the thematic network ‘Biodiversity of Insects in the Amazon’. Specimens were identified using the keys proposed by Richards (1978), Carpenter and Marques (2001), Carpenter (2004), Somavilla and Carpenter (2020) and were compared to previously identified species from the INPA Invertebrate Collection, and some type specimens images from the Natural History Museum (London), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) and American Museum of Natural History (New York City). Results A total of 114 species in 19 genera of social wasps were recorded for Acre; we identified 60 species in our samples, 40 already reported in literature and 20 as new collecting records. There are still other 54 species known from literature not sampled in this study (Richards, 1978; Morato et al., 2008; Gomes et al., 2018; Andena et al., 2019; Somavilla & Andena, 2019; IUNH, 2020) (Table 01). For Rondônia we listed the occurrence of 116 species in 19 genera; we identified 54 species in our samples, 39 already reported in literature and 15 as new records. For this state there are also 61 species from literature, not collected in this study (Richards, 1978; Gomes et al., 2020; IUNH 2020) (Table 1). About 50% of the species belong to three genera: Polybia Lepeletier (35 species), Mischocyttarus de Saussure (21 species) and Agelaia Lepeletier (18 species). The list also comprises Polistes Latreille (13), Apoica Lepeletier (09), Brachygastra Perty (09), Protopolybia Ducke (09), Parachartergus R. von Ihering (07), Chartergellus Bequaert (06), Angiopolybia Araujo (04), Asteloeca Raw (03), Chartergus Lepeletier (03), Clypearia de Saussure (03), Metapolybia Ducke (03), Pseudopolybia de A Somavilla, RNM de Morais Junior, PCS Barroso, ML Oliveira, JA Rafael – Social wasps in Acre and Rondônia States586 Saussure (03), Synoeca de Saussure (03), Leipomeles Möbius (02), Charterginus Fox (01), Epipona Latreille (01) and Nectarinella Bequaert (01). Nectarinella was not registered for Acre and Asteloeca for Rondônia. Protonectarina Ducke was not registered for both states, and according to da Silva et al. (2018) species of this genus occur widely in the Atlantic rainforest and arboreal Caatinga, being absent in the Amazon region. From 60 species sampled, 20 represent new records for Acre state: Agelaia centralis, Ag. flavipennis, Ag. ornata, Apoica albimacula, Ap. gelida, Ap. pallens, Brachygastra bilineolata, Chartergellus afoveatus (first time in Brazil), C. amazonicus, Leipomeles spilogastra, Mischocyttarus adolphus, Polistes canadensis, Polybia belemensis, Poly. depressa, Poly. ignobilis, Poly. micans, Poly. occidentalis, Poly. singularis, Synoeca chalibea and S. surinama. For Rondônia, the numbers, although smaller, are also noteworthy: from 54 species sampled, about a quarter of them (15) represent new records for Rondônia state: Agelaia brevistigma, Angiopolybia pallens, Apoica pallens, Chartergellus nigerrimus, Leipomeles spilogastra, Mischocyttarus drewseni, Nectarinella manauara, Polistes carnifex, Poli. geminatus, Poli. pacificus, Polybia batesi, Poly. minarum, Poly. simillima, Poly. velutina and Protopolybia fuscatus. Discussion For Acre State, Richards (1978) recorded the occurrence of 52 species, of which 29 were not collected in this study. Morato et al. (2008) recorded the occurrence of 20 species in Serra do Divisor National Park and Gomes et al. (2018) recorded the occurrence of 36 species in three areas and just 20 species not collected in our work. The other 20 species are recorded in our samples and are new occurrences for Acre. For Rondônia State, only the original descriptions and species recorded by Richards (1978) were known. Recently, Gomes et al. (2020) recorded the occurrence of 72 species in three Rondônia areas. Richards (1978) and previous studies recorded the occurrence of 101 species in Rondônia, and 28 species were not collected in this study. The other 15 species are recorded in our study and are new occurrences for Rondônia. A sampling of a large diversity of Polistinae can be attributed to more than one factor. One of them is the location of the collection areas in the Western Amazon, known for harboring great biodiversity (Brown, 1991; Hoorn et al., 2010). Another factor are the methodology and effort applied. Usually only one method is used to sample social wasps, which can limit the number of species sampled. In our study, we used a set of traps: two different Malaise trap models and suspended traps to collect wasps for an uninterrupted year. Regarding species composition, Silva and Silveira (2009), Somavilla et al. (2014a) and Somavilla et al. (2020) showed that fast inventories were efficient for sampling the most abundant species, recording three genera: Polybia, Mischocyttarus and Agelaia. Herein, we found the same most speciose genera, which constituted about 50% of the species collected. Specimens of Polybia have a very active foraging behavior, which facilitates the collection of the specimens by interception flight traps, adding to the fact it is the genus with the largest number of species within Epiponini. Mischocyttarus is the genus with the higher number of species within social wasps (around 250), of which more than 120 occur in Brazil, supporting the high diversity in this study (Silveira, 2002). Agelaia species usually form large colonies with millions of individuals (Zucchi et al., 1995), and, consequently, are more likely to be captured, and probably due to the habits of this genus that presents generalist and opportunistic species in relation to food and resource choices (Silva & Silveira, 2009; Somavilla et al., 2014a) (Silveira, 2002; Somavilla et al., 2014a; Somavilla et al., 2020). The Amazon region has the highest diversity of Polistinae species (Richards, 1978; Carpenter & Marques, 2001; Silveira, 2002; Barbosa et al., 2016; Somavilla et al., 2020). In the Brazilian Amazon, 20 genera and more than 250 species have been recorded, which represents about two thirds of the Brazilian diversity of social wasps (Silveira, 2002; Hermes et al., 2015; Somavilla & Oliveira, 2017; Somavilla et al., 2020). Nevertheless, this impressive number surely does not yet represent the region’s mega diversity, since there were only two studies carried out on Acre state (Morato et al., 2008; Gomes et al., 2018) and only one study in Rondônia state (Gomes et al., 2020). The present study presents new occurrences of 20 social wasp species for Acre and 15 new occurrences for Rondônia. Our findings extend the species distributions and increase the number of species recorded to 114 and 116 species for Acre and Rondônia, respectively. This increase may be an indication that the richness is probably higher in the regions studied and that Acre and Rondônia may well contain a number of additional (as yet unrecorded) social wasp species. Nevertheless, large gaps still remain in the geographic distribution for many species of social wasps in Brazil, mainly in the Amazon Region, and more comprehensive studies are needed in order to increase the knowledge of wasp species in Acre and Rondônia. In a region of great diversity but also high indexes of deforestation, as Western Amazon, further studies become necessary and urgent. Acknowledgments We sincerely thank two anonymous referees and Marcel G. Hermes for suggestions. To Elder Morato for support in collections in Acre. To Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas for the postdoctoral scholarship (FAPEAM – FIXAM, process number 062.01427/2018)) to A Somavilla and doctoral scholarship (FAPEAM - POSGRAD/ INPA 006/2020) to PCS Barroso. To CNPq research productivity fellowship of JA Rafael and ML Oliveira. Specimens were collected during a project coordinated by JA Rafael and supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, process: 407623/2013-2) through the program “Rede BIA – Biodiversidade de Insetos na Amazônia”. Sociobiology 67(4): 584-592 (December, 2020) 587 Table 1. Species of social wasps from Acre and Rondônia states, listed by Richards (1978), Morato et al. (2008), Gomes et al. (2018), Gomes et al. (2020), web catalog from Natural History Laboratory of the Ibaraki University (IUNH 2020), and in the present work. 1 new distribution record for Acre; 2 new distribution records for Rondônia; * distribution records only in the descriptions of the species. AC=Acre; RO=Rondônia; BUJ=Bujari; SEG=Senador Guiomard; IDO=Itapuã do Oeste; PVH=Porto Velho. Taxon Richards (1978) Morato et al. (2008) Gomes et al. (2018) Gomes et al. (2020) IUNH web catalog (2020) Present work, Locality collected Agelaia acreana Silveira & Carpenter, 1996 AC Agelaia angulata (Fabricius, 1804) AC, RO AC AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Agelaia baezae (Richards, 1943) AC Agelaia brevistigma (Richards, 1978) 2 AC RO: PVH Agelaia cajennensis (Fabricius, 1798) AC RO AC AC: SEG Agelaia centralis (Cameron, 1907) 1 RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO Agelaia flavipennis (Ducke, 1905) 1 RO RO AC: SEG Agelaia fulvofasciata (DeGeer, 1773) AC, RO AC AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Agelaia hamiltoni (Richards, 1978) AC, RO RO AC, RO AC: SEG Agelaia lobipleura (Richards, 1978) AC RO Agelaia melanopyga Cooper, 2000 RO Agelaia myrmecophila (Ducke, 1905) AC AC RO RO: PVH Agelaia ornata (Ducke, 1905) 1 RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Agelaia pallidiventris (Richards, 1978) RO Agelaia pallipes (Olivier, 1792) AC AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Agelaia pleuralis Cooper, 2000 AC AC: SEG Agelaia testacea (Fabricius, 1804) AC, RO AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Agelaia timida Cooper, 2000 RO RO: IDO Angiopolybia pallens (Lepeletier, 1836) 2 AC AC AC AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO Angiopolybia paraensis (Spinola, 1851) AC, RO AC RO AC, RO AC: SEG; RO: IDO Angiopolybia obidensis (Ducke, 1904) AC Angiopolybia zischkai Richard, 1978 AC RO Apoica albimacula (Fabricius, 1804) 1 AC: BUJ Apoica ambracarina Pickett, 2003 AC Apoica arborea de Saussure, 1854 AC, RO AC, RO RO: PVH Apoica flavissima van der Vecht, 1972 AC, RO AC, RO Apoica gelida van der Vecht, 1972 1 RO AC: BUJ Apoica pallens (Fabricius, 1804) 1,2 AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Apoica pallida (Olivier, 1792) AC, RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: PVH Apoica strigata Richards, 1978 AC AC AC: BUJ Apoica thoracica du Buysson, 1906 AC, RO AC, RO AC: SEG, RO: IDO, PVH Asteloeca lutea Carpenter, 2004 AC Asteloeca traili (Cameron, 1906) AC AC Asteloeca ujhelyii (Ducke, 1909) AC AC: BUJ Brachygastra albula Richard, 1978 RO AC RO RO A Somavilla, RNM de Morais Junior, PCS Barroso, ML Oliveira, JA Rafael – Social wasps in Acre and Rondônia States588 Brachygastra augusti (de Saussure, 1854) AC AC RO AC RO: PVH Brachygastra bilineolata Spinola, 1841 1 RO RO AC: BUJ, RO: IDO Brachygastra cooperi (Richards, 1978) RO Brachygastra lecheguana (Latreille, 1824) AC RO RO AC: SEG; RO: PVH Brachygastra moebiana (de Saussure, 1867) AC AC RO AC: SEG Brachygastra propodealis Bequaert, 1943 AC RO Brachygastra scutellaris (Fabricius, 1804) AC, RO RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, RO: IDO Brachygastra smithii (de Saussure, 1854) AC AC Chartergellus afoveatus Cooper, 1993 1 AC: SEG Chartergellus amazonicus Richard, 1978 1 RO AC: SEG Chartergellus communis Richards, 1978 RO Chartergellus flavoscutellatus Somavilla, 2019 * AC: BUJ, SEG Chartergellus nigerrimus Richards, 1978 2 AC AC RO: PVH Chartergellus zonatus (Spinola, 1851) RO Charterginus fulvus Fox, 1898 AC RO AC: BUJ; RO: PVH Chartergus artifex (Christ, 1791) AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG Chartergus globiventris de Saussure, 1854 RO Chartergus metanotalis Richards, 1978 AC AC Clypearia duckei Richards, 1978 AC AC Clypearia nigrior Richards, 1978 AC AC AC: BUJ Clypearia sulcata (de Saussure, 1854) AC, RO AC, RO Epipona tatua (Cuvier, 1797) AC, RO AC, RO RO: IDO Leipomeles dorsata (Fabricius, 1804) AC RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO Leipomeles spilogastra (Cameron, 1912) 1,2 AC: SEG; RO: IDO Metapolybia acincta Richards, 1978 RO Metapolybia cingulata (Fabricius, 1804) AC AC Metapolybia fraudator Carpenter and Andena, 2019 * Mischocyttarus acreanus Silveira, 2006 AC Mischocyttarus adolphi Zikán, 1949 1 AC: BUJ Mischocyttarus alfkenii (Ducke, 1904) AC AC Mischocyttarus artifex Ducke, 1914 AC Mischocyttarus carbonarius (de Saussure, 1854) AC AC: BUJ Mischocyttarus drewseni de Saussure, 1857 2 RO: IDO Mischocyttarus duckei (du Buysson, 1908) AC Mischocyttarus flavicans (Fabricius, 1804) AC RO RO: IDO Mischocyttarus gomesi Silveira, 2013 RO Mischocyttarus heliconius Richards, 1941 AC Mischocyttarus imitator (Ducke, 1904) RO Mischocyttarus interruptus Richards, 1978 RO Mischocyttarus labiatus (Fabricius, 1804) AC AC RO AC: SEG; RO: PVH Mischocyttarus lecointei (Ducke, 1904) RO Table 1. Species of social wasps from Acre and Rondônia states, listed by Richards (1978), Morato et al. (2008), Gomes et al. (2018), Gomes et al. (2020), web catalog from Natural History Laboratory of the Ibaraki University (IUNH 2020), and in the present work. 1 new distribution record for Acre; 2 new distribution records for Rondônia; * distribution records only in the descriptions of the species. AC=Acre; RO=Rondônia; BUJ=Bujari; SEG=Senador Guiomard; IDO=Itapuã do Oeste; PVH=Porto Velho. (Continuation) Taxon Richards (1978) Morato et al. (2008) Gomes et al. (2018) Gomes et al. (2020) IUNH web catalog (2020) Present work, Locality collected Sociobiology 67(4): 584-592 (December, 2020) 589 Table 1. Species of social wasps from Acre and Rondônia states, listed by Richards (1978), Morato et al. (2008), Gomes et al. (2018), Gomes et al. (2020), web catalog from Natural History Laboratory of the Ibaraki University (IUNH 2020), and in the present work. 1 new distribution record for Acre; 2 new distribution records for Rondônia; * distribution records only in the descriptions of the species. AC=Acre; RO=Rondônia; BUJ=Bujari; SEG=Senador Guiomard; IDO=Itapuã do Oeste; PVH=Porto Velho. (Continuation) Mischocyttarus metathoracicus (de Saussure, 1854) AC Mischocyttarus prominulus Richards, 1941 AC Mischocyttarus rotundicollis (Cameron, 1912) RO Mischocyttarus socialis (de Saussure, 1854) AC Mischocyttarus surinamensis (de Saussure, 1854) AC AC AC, RO AC: SEG Mischocyttarus synoecus Richards, 1940 AC Mischocyttarus tomentosus Zikán, 1935 AC, RO RO AC, RO RO: PVH Nectarinella manauara Silveira & Nazareno Jr. 2016 2 RO: IDO Parachartergus colobopterus (Lichtenstein, 1796) RO RO Parachartergus flavofasciatus (Cameron, 1906) AC RO AC: SEG; RO: IDO Parachartergus fraternus (Gribodo, 1892) RO Parachartergus lenkoi Richards, 1978 RO RO: IDO Parachartergus pseudoapicalis Willink, 1959 RO Parachartergus smithii (de Saussure, 1854) RO RO: PVH Parachartergus weyrauchi Willink, 1959 AC AC, RO Polistes bicolor Lepeletier, 1836 AC AC Polistes canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 RO AC: SEG; RO: IDO Polistes carnifex (Fabricius, 1775) 2 RO: PVH Polistes deceptor Schulz, 1905 AC Polistes geminatus Fox, 1898 2 RO: PVH Polistes erythrocephalus Latreille, 1813 AC AC Polistes lanio (Fabricius, 1775) AC, RO AC Polistes occipitalis Ducke, 1904 RO Polistes pacificus Fabricius, 1804 2 AC AC: SEG; RO: IDO Polistes rufiventris Ducke, 1904 RO RO Polistes testaceicolor Bequaert, 1937 AC, RO AC RO: IDO Polistes torresae Silveira, 1996 RO Polistes versicolor (Olivier, 1792) AC AC Polybia affinis du Buysson, 1908 RO RO Polybia batesi Richards, 1978 2 RO: IDO Polybia belemensis Richards, 1970 1 AC: SEG Polybia bifasciata de Saussure, 1854 AC RO AC Polybia bistriata (Fabricius, 1804) AC, RO RO AC, RO Polybia catillifex Möbius, 1856 AC AC RO Polybia depressa (Ducke, 1905) 1 RO AC: BUJ Polybia diguetana Buysson, 1905 RO Polybia dimidiata (Olivier, 1792) RO AC RO RO AC: BUJ Polybia dimorpha Richards, 1978 AC AC: SEG Polybia eberhardae Cooper, 1993 AC RO Polybia emaciata Lucas, 1879 AC, RO AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Polybia furnaria von Ihering, 1904 AC, RO AC, RO Taxon Richards (1978) Morato et al. (2008) Gomes et al. (2018) Gomes et al. (2020) IUNH web catalog (2020) Present work, Locality collected A Somavilla, RNM de Morais Junior, PCS Barroso, ML Oliveira, JA Rafael – Social wasps in Acre and Rondônia States590 Polybia gorytoides Fox, 1898 AC RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Polybia ignobilis (Haliday, 1836) 1 RO RO AC: SEG Polybia jurinei de Saussure, 1854 AC, RO AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ; RO: PVH Polybia juruana von Ihering, 1904 AC AC AC: BUJ Polybia liliacea (Fabricius, 1804) AC, RO AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Polybia micans Ducke, 1904 1 RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO Polybia minarum Ducke, 1906 2 RO: IDO Polybia occidentalis (Olivier, 1792) 1 RO RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO Polybia parvulina Richards, 1970 RO Polybia platycephala Richards, 1951 AC RO AC, RO Polybia procellosa dubitata Ducke, 1910 RO Polybia quadricincta de Saussure, 1854 AC RO AC, RO Polybia rejecta (Fabricius, 1798) AC, RO AC AC RO AC, RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Polybia rufitarsis Ducke, 1904 AC RO AC: BUJ, SEG; RO: IDO Polybia scrobalis Richards, 1970 AC, RO RO AC, RO Polybia sericea (Olivier, 1792) RO RO RO RO: IDO Polybia simillima Smith, 1862 2 AC AC: SEG; RO: IDO Polybia singularis Ducke, 1909 1 RO RO RO AC: BUJ, SEG Polybia spinifex Richards, 1978 RO Polybia striata (Fabricius, 1787) AC, RO AC RO AC, RO Polybia tinctipennis Fox 1898 AC RO Polybia velutina Ducke, 1907 2 AC AC AC: SEG; RO: IDO Protopolybia acutiscutis (Cameron, 1906) RO RO Protopolybia alvarengai Richards, 1978 RO RO Protopolybia amarella Bequaert, 1944 AC AC Protopolybia chartergoides (Gribodo, 1892) AC, RO AC RO AC, RO AC: SEG; RO: IDO Protopolybia emortualis (de Saussure, 1855) AC Protopolybia exigua (de Saussure, 1854) AC AC Protopolybia fuscatus (Fox, 1898) 2 RO: IDO Protopolybia minutissima (Spinola, 1851) RO RO Protopolybia rotundata Ducke, 1910 RO Pseudopolybia compressa (de Saussure, 1854) RO Pseudopolybia difficilis (Ducke, 1905) RO Pseudopolybia vespiceps (de Saussure, 1863) AC RO RO AC: BUJ; RO: PVH Synoeca chalibea de Saussure, 1852 1 RO AC: SEG Synoeca surinama (Linnaeus, 1767) 1 RO RO RO AC: SEG Synoeca virginea (Fabricius, 1804) AC AC AC RO AC, RO AC: SEG; RO: IDO, PVH Table 1. Species of social wasps from Acre and Rondônia states, listed by Richards (1978), Morato et al. (2008), Gomes et al. (2018), Gomes et al. (2020), web catalog from Natural History Laboratory of the Ibaraki University (IUNH 2020), and in the present work. 1 new distribution record for Acre; 2 new distribution records for Rondônia; * distribution records only in the descriptions of the species. AC=Acre; RO=Rondônia; BUJ=Bujari; SEG=Senador Guiomard; IDO=Itapuã do Oeste; PVH=Porto Velho. (Continuation) Taxon Richards (1978) Morato et al. (2008) Gomes et al. (2018) Gomes et al. 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