CQ No. 25 Bibliography on police and policing research in South Africa, 2000–2012 John-Paul Banchani and Elrena van der Spuy Special supplement to South African CRIME QUARTERLY No. 46 | Dec 2013 Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 1 CONTENTS 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 2 Police reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 3 Human rights and policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 4 Gender and policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 5 Police accountability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 6 Police use of force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 7 Police corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 8 Police culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 9 Police and conditions of work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 10 Police management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 11 Police unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 12 Municipal policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 13 Private policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 14 Informal policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 15 Community policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 16 Problem-orientated policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 17 Sector policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 18 Policing and crime prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 19 Policing gangs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 20 Policing organised crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 21 Policing violent crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 22 Policing public order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 23 Policing terrorism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 24 Policing gender-based violence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 25 Police and victims of crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 26 Regional policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 27 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 28 Police biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 3 BIBLIOGRAPHY ON POLICE AND POLICING RESEARCH IN SOUTH AFRICA, 2000–2012 1. INTRODUCTION South African police studies coming of age? The idea of developing a bibliography on police and policing research emerged from discussions among a small group of South African researchers who convened in early 2012 to take stock of recent developments within the police. At the time of the meeting the evidence of an institution in crisis could no longer be ignored. The factors which have contributed to this state of affairs, so the discussions recognised, were complex. Since the late 1990s increasing public concern about high levels of violent crime had created an environment within which a much more punitive approach to crime control had taken root. During this period the decline in investigative capacity and public order policing skills had undermined the capacity of the police organisation to respond to the demands associated with a high-crime and increasingly volatile political environment. Policy decisions relating to the closure of specialist divisions and en-masse recruitment have had further debilitating consequences. Corruption – big and small – would have further corrosive effects. By 2010 the growing deficit in command and control within the organisation was widely acknowledged – even in senior police circles. And at the time the discussions took place there was much speculation about a trend towards increasing political interference in the operational mandate of the police. In the last half of 2012 no fewer than two Commissions of Inquiry were established. In the Western Cape Premier Helen Zille established a commission to investigate the alleged breakdown of relations between the community and the police in the informal settlement Khayelitsha. In August 2012 a strike at a platinum mine outside Rustenburg turned violent as police fired on a large group of striking mine workers. This event became known as the Marikana ‘massacre’ and the Farlam Commission of Inquiry was established to investigate the event. It is against this background that we thought that taking stock of the focus areas of research over the past decade would allow us to identify trends and gaps in police research. The Centre of Crimino- logy offered to develop a bibliography of research on police and policing focusing on the post-2000 period. John-Paul Banchani, an intern who came our way through a six-month exchange agreement between the Centre and the African Leadership Centre at Kings College in London where he completed his Masters, took on the responsibility to develop the bibliography under the guidance of Elrena van der Spuy. Once completed, the idea was to distribute this as a resource to researchers and practitioners as widely as possible. Many others have assisted in updating the bibliography. Particular thanks to Elaine Atkins, Suzall Timm, Nadia Smit and Theresa Hume for their respective contributions. A few remarks on the bibliography itself: Data collection: The bibliography was pieced together using a combination of the following John-Paul Banchani and Elrena van der Spuy 4 Institute for Security Studies • Regionalisation of policing • In-house police biographies – a new genre of ‘publication’ which also deserves attention in a bibliography on, for and by police We trust that this resource will serve a useful purpose in providing a preview of existing research. We invite users to assist us in updating the bibliography. The research community has an important contribution to make to the future of the police organisation. Policy needs to be informed by sound research. Research needs to contribute to our understanding of the social, political and organisational dynamics which shape police actions at both the micro and macro levels. Being knowledgeable about the current state of police research is one pre-requisite for engaging – responsibly, innovatively and provocatively – with future police research. Elrena van der Spuy July 2013 2. POLICE REFORM • Altbeker, A. (2009) ‘The building of the new South African Police Service: the dynamics of police reform in a changing (and violent) country’ in M.S. Hinton and T. Newburn (eds), Policing developing democracies. London: Routledge. • Azzopardi, J., Marks, M., Wood, J., and Xaba, T. ‘Reconfiguring state and non-state actors in the provision of safety in (South) Africa: implications for bottom-up policing arrangements and for donor funding’. Journal of Legal Pluralism, 63 (2011), 49-72. • Berning, J. and Masiloane, D. ‘Police militarization: is South Africa disproving or failing to learn from police history?’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), 60-71. • Burger, J. Strategic perspectives on crime and policing in South Africa, Pretoria: Van Schaik, 2007. • Bruce, D. New wine from an old cask? The South African Police Service and the process of transformation, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, 9 May 2002. Available at: data collection methods: the use of electronically based search engines; scanning of a select number of South African journals; accessing the curriculum vitae of prominent policing researchers; and through personal contact with key policing researchers. Contemporary focus: The bibliography focuses on academic research on the police that has been published between 2000 and 2012. Research themes: The sources are organised thematically. This required us to make decisions about where to place articles, which was not always easy as articles often straddle more than one topic. Unpublished research: We decided to exclude unpublished theses from the bibliography as we were not confident enough about the comprehensive nature of the databases at our disposal and of the quality of such research. The search revealed that a fair amount of unpublished research for degree purposes exists. South African police studies and policing research have evolved rapidly over a period of 20 years. From very modest beginnings as far back as 1990 this area of research has ‘come of age’. It is currently characterised by considerable diversity in terms of substantive focus, which includes the following: • Issues relating to democratic models of policing in transitional contexts (police reform, human rights and policing, police accountability, police use of force, police unions and rights etc) • Generic police organisational dynamics (police culture, police corruption, management, work- related conditions [stress, trauma etc.]) • Contemporary policing approaches (community policing, sector policing, problem- orientated policing, crime prevention) • Specialised policing concerns (public order, violent crime, organised crime, gender-based violence, terrorism, gangs, victims) • Multi-agency policing (municipal policing, private policing, informal policing) Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 5 http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/newwine fromold.pdf • Graham, P. ‘Creating a civil society: the role of civil society organizations in security sector reform during political transitions’. The 16th Interpol Heads of Training Symposium, Emperor’s Palace, Johannesburg, March 2007. • Malan, M. ‘Peacebuilding in southern Africa: police reform in Mozambique and South Africa’, in T.T. Holm and E.B. Eide, Peacebuilding and police reform, London: Frank Cass, 2000. • Marks, M. ‘Shifting gears or slamming on the brakes? An assessment of police transformation in a South African paramilitary police unit’. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 13(3) (2003), 235-258. • Marks, M. Transforming the robocops: changing police in South Africa. Durban: Natal University Press, (2005) . • Marks, M. ‘Looking different, acting different: struggles for equality within the South African police service’. Public Administration, 86(3) (2008), 643-665. • Marks, M. ‘Police socialisation’ in Wakefield, A. and Fleming, J. (eds), The sage dictionary of policing, London: Sage, 2006. • Marks, M. and Fleming, J. ‘The untold story: the regulation of police labour rights and the quest for police democratisation’, Police Practice and Research, 7(4) (2006), 309-322. • Marks, M. and Fleming, J. ‘As unremarkable as the air they breathe’? Reforming police management in South Africa’. Current Sociology, 52(5) (2004), 784-808. • Marks, M. and Goldsmith, A. ‘The state, the people and democratic policing: the case of South Africa’ in J. Wood and B. Dupont (eds), Democracy, society and the governance of security, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2006), 139-165. • Marks, M. and Shearing, C. ‘Reconceptualising police reform practice in South African policing’. South African Review of Sociology, 36(2) (2005), 131-140. • Marks, M. and Wood, J. ‘Generating youth safety from below: situating young people at the centre of knowledge-based policing’, Handbook of Knowledge Based Policing: Current Conceptions and Future Directions, West Sussex: John Wiley and Sons, 2008. • Marks, M. and Wood, J. ‘South African policing at the crossroads: the case for minimalist and minimal policing in South Africa’. Theoretical Criminology, 14(3) (2010), 311-329. • Marks, M. and Sklansky, D. (eds), Police reform from the bottom up: officers and their unions as agents of change. Oxfordshire: Routledge, (2012). • Mashele, P. ‘Will the scorpion still sting? The future of the Directorate of Special Operations’. SA Crime Quarterly, 17 (2006), 25- 29. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ uploads/CQ17Mashele.pdf • Montesh, M. and Basdeo, V. Police reform in the new democratic South Africa: advances in police theory and practice. CRC Press, 2013. • Newham, G. ‘Strengthening democratic policing in South Africa through internal systems for officer control’. South African Review of Sociology, 36(2) (2005), 160-177. • Omar, B. ‘In whose interest? Police unions and the 2006 restructuring of the SAPS’. SA Crime Quarterly, 21 (2007), 21-26. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ CQ21OMAR.PDF • Rauch, J. ‘Criminal justice after apartheid: police and justice reform in South Africa’ in C. Call (ed), Constructing justice and security after war. Washington: United States Institute of Peace, 2007. • Rauch, J. ‘The South African Police and the Truth Commission’. South African Review of Sociology, 36(2) (2005), 208-237. • Rauch, J. and van der Spuy, E. Police reform in post-conflict Africa, Pretoria: Safety and Security Programme of the Institute for Democracy in South Africa, 2006. Available online: http://www.aprn.org.za/File_uploads/ File/Police%20reform%20IDASA.pdf • Shearing, C. and Marks, M. ‘Introduction: diversity in policing: multi-agency frameworks and strategies in South Africa’. Society in Transition, 35(2) (2004), 197-204. • Faull, A. ‘Policing and human tights: the meaning of justice in the everyday policing of Johannesburg’, African Security Review, 20(4), (2011), 53-55. • Hornberger, J. ‘Translating human rights: a police-migrant encounter in Johannesburg’ in Steffen Jensen and Andrew Jefferson (eds), State violence and legal practices: contested authority in transitional societies, Routledge, 2009. • Hornberger, J. ‘Human rights and policing: exigency or incongruence?’, Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 6 (2010), 259-83. • Hornberger, J. Policing and human rights: The meaning of violence and justice in the everyday policing of Johannesburg. Law, Development and Globalisation Series London: Routledge, 2011. • Jensen, S. ‘The vision of the state: audiences, enchantments and policing in South Africa’ in Jensen Steffen and Jefferson Andrew (eds), Human rights and state violence: state officials in the South, London: Routledge, 2009. • Jensen, S. and Jefferson, A. (eds), Human rights and state violence: state officials in the South. London: Routledge, 2009. 4. GENDER AND POLICING • Bezuidenhout, C. ‘Explaining police action towards gays: a radical criminology approach’, Acta Criminologica, 14(1) (2001), 11-19. • Bezuidenhout, C. ‘Performance of female police officers in a male dominated environment: replacing myths with reality’, Acta Crimino- logica, 15(2) (2002), 110-118. • De Beer, M. ‘Police heterosexism and homo- phobia: the Langemaat case’, POLSA Bulletin 4(99) (1999), 37-50. • Faull, A. ‘Fighting for respect: violence, masculinity and legitimacy in the SAPS’, SA Crime Quarterly, 44 (June) (2013), 5-14. • Meyer, M.E. and Steyn, J. ‘Developing cynicism among male and female recruits in the South African police service’, Acta Criminologica, CRIMSA Special Edition (2) (2008), 1-20. • Montesh, M. ‘Transformation in the South African Police Service: the implementation of affirmative action and employment equity in SAPS’, SAJC, 1 (2010), 55-77. 6 Institute for Security Studies • Sklansky, D. and Marks, M. ‘The Role of the rank and file in police reform’. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 18(1) (2008), 1-6. • Steinberg, J. ‘Establishing police authority and civilian compliance in post-apartheid Johannesburg: an argument form the work of Egon Bittner’. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 22(4) (2012), 481-495. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘Foreign donor assistance and policing reform in South Africa’. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 10(4) (2000), 343-366. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘South African policing studies in the making’ in Dixon, B. & van der Spuy, E. (eds), Justice gained? Crime and crime control in South Africa’s transition, Cape Town: UCT Press. London: Willan Publishers, 2004. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘International assistance and local pressures in the reform of policing: the case of the Eastern Cape’. South African Review of Sociology, 36(2) (2005), 191-207. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘Police reform in Africa: theory, policy and practice in the making?’. South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 20(3) (2007), 307-327. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘The National Peace accord and police reform in South Africa: the role of the police board as an interim policy mechanism, 1992-4’. Journal for Contemporary History, 38(1) (2008), 37-58. • Wood, J., Fleming, J. and Marks, M. ‘Building the capacity of police change agents: the nexus policing project’ in M. Marks and D. Sklansky (eds), Police reform from the bottom up: officers and their unions as agents of change, Routledge: London, 2012, 58-73. 3. HUMAN RIGHTS AND POLICING • Dissel, A. and Frank, C. (eds), Policing and human rights: assessing southern African countries’ compliance with the SARPCCO Code of Conduct for Police Officials, Cape Town: APCOF, 2012. Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 7 • Morrison, C.J. ‘Gender discrimination versus equality in the police’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 18(3) (2005), 20-28. • Morrison, C.J. and Conradie, H. ‘Job satisfaction of female police officers in the South African Police Service’, Acta Crimino- logica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 19(2) (2006), 88-104. • Ulicki, T. ‘Just the way things are: gender equity and sexual harassment in the South African Police Service’, Transformation, 76 (2011), 95- 119. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘Policing beyond the domestic sphere: the case of South African police in Darfur, Sudan’, African Security Review, 20(4) (2011), 34-44 • Wells, H and Polders, L. ‘Anti-gay hate crimes in South Africa: prevalence, reporting practices, and experiences of the police’, Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity 20(67) (2006), 20-28. 5. POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY • Berg, J. The Accountability of South Africa’s private security industry: mechanisms of control and challenges to effective oversight. Criminal Justice Initiative Occasional Paper 2, Cape Town: Open Society Foundation, 2007. Available at: http://osf.org.za/wp/wp-content/ uploads/2012/09/The-Accountability-of-South- Africas-Private-Security-Industry1.pdf • Berg, J. ‘Civilian oversight of police in South Africa: from the ICD to the IPID’. Police Practice and Research: An International Journal, 14 (2) (2013), 144-154. • Bruce, D. ‘Civilian Review: A Proposed role for civilian oversight committees in promoting accountability in municipal police departments’, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconcili- ation, Research Report, December, 2003. Available at: www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/ civilianreview.pdf • Bruce, D. Unfinished business – the architecture of police accountability in South Africa. APCOF Policy Brief No 2, 2011, 1-16. Available at: http://www.apcof.org/files/APCOF%20Brief %202%20Unifnished%20Business%20WEB.pdf • Bruce, D., Newham, G. and Masuku, T. ‘In service of the people’s democracy: an assessment of the South African Police Service’, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation in association with Open Society Foundation, Research Report, May 2007. • Dissel, A. ‘The SARPCCO Code of Conduct’ in S. Tait and E. Van der Spuy (eds), Cooperation and accountability in the cross-border policing of Southern Africa. Cape Town: African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum & Centre of Criminology, University of Cape Town, 2010. • Dissel, A. and Tait, S. Indicators for implement- ing the Southern African Regional Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation Code of Conduct. Cape Town: African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum, 2011. Available online: http://www. apcof.org/files/7056_APCOF_Indicators_Eng. pdf • Dixon, B. ‘Accountable policing: a four dimensional analysis’. South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 13(1) (2000), 69-83. • Newham, G. ‘Out of step. integrity and the South African Police Service’, in C. B. Klockars, S. K. Ivkovic and M.R. Haberfeld, (eds), The contours of police integrity. California: Sage Publications, 2003, 232-251. • Newham, G. Local level civilian oversight of the South African Metropolitan Police Departments, Research report written for the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, June 2004. Available at: www. csvr.org.za/docs/ policing/locallevelcivilian.pdf • Newham, G. Internal systems for officer C control: a strategic focus area for improving civilian oversight and police accountability in South Africa, Law Enforcement Forum, Special Edition, 5(7) (2006), Illinois Law Enforcement Training and Standards Board Executive Institute. • Newham, G. Towards a new approach of monitoring the Metropolitan Police Departments by the Gauteng Department for Community Safety. Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Research Report, July 2006. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/ policing/towarssanew.pdf • Newham, G. and Bruce, D. Provincial government oversight of the police, Research Report written for the Gauteng Legislature. Pretoria: Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2004. Available at: http://www.csvr. org.za/docs/policing/ provincialgovernment oversight.pdf • Van der Spuy, E. ‘The emergence and transformation of civil monitoring of police power: some trends from the Western Cape’ in W. Schärf and D. Nina (eds), The other law: non-state ordering in South Africa. Wetton: Juta, 2001, 169-187. 6. POLICE USE OF FORCE • Bruce, D. ‘Reasonable force: use of force review as a learning process’. Crime and Conflict, Winter (20) (2000), 16-19. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/ reasonableforce.pdf • Bruce, D. The prevention of police action and C custody deaths. Briefing Document Prepared for the Workshop on The Prevention of Deaths in Police Custody or as a Result of Police Action, Roode Vallei Country Lodge, 14 April 2000. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/ policing/preventionofpoliceaction.pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Police brutality in South Africa’ in N. Mwanajiti, P. Mhlanga, M. Sifuniso, Y. Nachali-Kambikambi, M. Muuba and M. Mwananyanda (eds), Police brutality in Southern Africa – a human rights perspective, Inter-African Network for Human Rights and Development (Afronet), 2002. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/policebru tality.pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Stopping cop killing: lessons and limitations of South African research’. SA Crime Quarterly 2 (2002), 13-17. Available at: http://www.iss.org.za/pubs/Crime Q/No.2/ 3Bruce.html • Bruce, D. The legal framework on the use of lethal force in effecting arrest – a new Section 49?, Memorandum produced by the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, March 2002. Available at: http:// www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/legal framework.pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Killing and the constitution – arrest and the use of lethal force’. South African Journal of Human Rights, 19(3) (2003), 430-454. • Bruce, D. ‘Interpreting the body count – South African statistics on lethal police violence’. South African Review of Sociology, 36(2) (2005), 141-159. • Bruce, D. Building respect for the badge: the management of the use of force by police. Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2006. Research Report, September. Available at: www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/buildingrespect. pdf • Bruce, D. An Acceptable price to pay: the use of lethal force by police in South Africa, Open Society Foundation for South Africa, CJI Occasional Paper Series, No. 8, 2010. Available at: http://osf.org.za/wp/wp-content/uploads/ 2012/09/CJI_Occasional_Paper_81. pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Beyond Section 49: control of the use of lethal force’. SA Crime Quarterly, 36 (2011), 3-12. Available at: http://www.csvr. org.za/docs/CrimeQuarterly36.pdf • Bruce, D. Marikana and the doctrine of maximum force. Johannesburg: Parktown Publishers, 2012. • Bruce, D. and O’Malley, G. In the line of duty? Shooting incidents reports and other indicators of the use and abuse of force by members of the SAPS, Research Report written for the Independent Complaints Directorate, October 2001. Available at: http://www.csvr. org.za/docs/policing/inthelineofduty.pdf • Dissel, A. and Ngubeni, K. ‘The conditions of custody: police holding cells’. Crime and Conflict, Autumn (19) (2000), 32-36. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/ conditionsofcustody.pdf • Dissel, A., Jensen, S. and Roberts, S. Torture in South Africa: exploring torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment through the media, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Research Report, July 2009. Available at: http://www. csvr.org.za/images/torture_media_text.pdf • Faull, A. ‘Preventing police killings requires improving police professionalism’. ISS Today, 1 June 2011. Available at: http://www.issafrica. org/iss_today.php?ID=1291 8 Institute for Security Studies • Faull, A. ‘Will introducing taser guns reduce K killings by the South African Police Service?’. ISS Today, 22 June 2011. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/iss_today.php?ID=1303 • Fick, N. ‘Police abuse of sex workers when making arrests: enforcing fear’. SA Crime Quarterly, 16 (2006), 27-34. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ16Fick.pdf • Marks, M. and Shearing, C. ‘Reconceptualising reform practice in South African policing’. South African Review of Sociology, 36(2) (2005), 131- 140. • Minnaar, A. and Mistry, D. ‘Dealing with the use of force and stress-related violence by members of the police: some observations from selected case studies in Gauteng Province, South Africa’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 19(3) (2006), 29-63. 7. POLICE CORRUPTION • Benson, B. ‘Analysing police corruption and its possible causes’ Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 3 (2008), 68-78. • Berning, J. and Montesh, M. ‘Countering C corruption in South Africa: the rise and fall of the Scorpions and Hawks’. SA Crime Quarterly, 39 (2012), 3-10. Available at: http://www.iss africa.org/uploads/Berning_Montesh. pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Without fear or favour: the Scorpions and the politics of justice’. SA Crime Quarterly, 24 (2008), 11-15. Available at: http:// www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/brucecq24.pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Where to from here? An argument for respectful policing in South Africa’ in C. Gould (ed), National and International Perspectives on Crime and Policing – Conference Report. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2011, 54-62. Available at: http://www.issafrica. org/crimehubuploads/2010IntCrimeConfWeb. pdf • Bruce, D., Savage, K. and De Waal, J. ‘A duty to answer questions? The police, the Independent Complaints Directorate and the right to remain silent’. SA Journal of Human Rights, 16 (1) (2000). Available at: http://www.csvr.org. za/ docs/policing/dutytoanswer.pdf • Burger, J. ‘To protect and serve: restoring public confidence in the SAPS’. SA Crime Quarterly, 36 (2011), 13-22. Available at: http://www.issafrica. org/uploads/CQ36Burger. pdf • Faull, A. ‘Corruption and the South African Police Service: a review and its implications’. ISS Paper, No. 150. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2007. Available at: http://www.issafrica. org/publications/papers/ corruption-in-the- south-african-police-service-civilian- perceptions-and-experiences • Faull, A. ‘Bring them into line: managing corruption in SAPS and Metro Police Departments’. SA Crime Quarterly, 23 (2008), 21-27. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ crimehub/uploads/ManagingSAPSCorruption SACQ23 Faull.pdf • Faull, A. ‘City blues: corruption and corruption management in South Africa’s Metropolitan Police Departments’. ISS Paper, No. 170. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2008. Available at: www.issafrica.org/uploads/ CITYBLUEREP.PDF • Faull, A. ‘Taking the test: policing integrity and professionalism in the MPDs’, SA Crime Quarterly, 27 (2009), 3-6. Available at: http:// www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ27_Faull. pdf • Faull, A. ‘Need or greed? Corruption and integrity management in a Gauteng police station’. SA Crime Quarterly, 28 (2009), 11-19. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/crimehub/ uploads/NeedorGreedSACQ28Faull.pdf • Faull, A. Behind the badge: the untold stories of South Africa’s Police Service members. Cape Town: Zebra Press, 2010. • Faull, A. ‘When I see them I feel like beating them’ – corruption and the South African Police Service’. SA Crime Quarterly, 34 (2010), 33-40. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ Faull.pdf • Faull, A. ‘Missing the target: when measuring performance undermines police effectiveness’. SA Crime Quarterly, 31 (2010), 19-25. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ31Faull. pdf • Faull, A. ‘An improved independent police investigations directorate (IPID) to address systemic police corruption in South Africa?’. ISS Today, 4 October 2010. Available at: http://www.ipid.gov.za/documents/ annual_ performance_plan/AAP%202013-14.pdf Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 9 10 Institute for Security Studies 24. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ uploads/SACQ40_2_Ivkovic_Sauerman.pdf • Ivkovic, S.K. and Sauerman, A. ‘Threading the thin blue line: transition towards democratic policing and the integrity of the South Africa Police Service’. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, (2013), DOI:10.1080/10439463.2013. 788651. • Kinnes, I. and Newham, G. ‘Freeing the Hawks: why an anti-corruption agency should not be in the SAPS’. SA Crime Quarterly, 39 (2012), 33-39. Available at: http://www. issafrica.org/uploads/Kinnes_Newham.pdf • Matshedisho, R. ‘Concept Note Eight: We must fight them! Police violence, torture and brutality’ in D. Vigneswaran and J. Hornberger (eds), Beyond ‘Good Cop’/’Bad Cop’: Understanding Informality and Police Corruption in South Africa, Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, 2009, 52-55. • Newham, G. ‘Promoting police integrity at station level: the case of the Hillbrow Police Station’, Urban Forum, 13(3) (2002), 20-33. • Newham, G. Tackling police corruption in South Africa. Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Research Paper, June 2002. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/ policing/tacklingpolicecorruption.pdf • Newham, G. ‘Management for the promotion of police integrity: a case study of the Hillbrow Police Station’. Urban Forum, 13(3) (2002), 20-52. • Newham, G. and Gomomo, L. ‘Bad cops get a break? The closure of the SAPS Anti- Corruption Unit’. SA Crime Quarterly, 4 (2003), 5-9. Available at: http://www.iss.org.za/ pubs/CrimeQ/No.4/2Closure.html • Newham, G., Faull, A. and Rose, B. Promoting police professionalism: guidelines on the role that police oversight agencies can play to promote police integrity through monitory action against police misconduct and corruption, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2012. • Newham, G. and Maroga, M. Good manage- ment practices to promote police integrity. Handbook Written for the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, June 2004. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/ policing/goodmanagement.pdf • Faull, A. ‘On the record: interview with Francois Beukman, Executive Director of the Independent Complaints Directorate’. SA Crime Quarterly, 36 (2011), 37-41. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ36Beuk man.pdf • Faull, A.‘Inside view: police officials’ percep- tions of corruption and integrity management at three Gauteng SAPS stations in 2009’. ISS Paper No. 228. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2011. Available at: http://www.iss africa.org/uploads/228.pdf • Faull, A. ‘Oversight agencies in South Africa and the challenge of police corruption’. ISS Paper No. 227. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2011. Available at: http://www.iss africa.org/uploads/Paper227.pdf • Faull, A. ‘Civilian perceptions and experiences of corruption and the South African Police Service’. ISS Paper No. 226. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2011. Available at http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ Paper226.pdf • Faull, A. and Newham, G. Understanding the IPID mandate for addressing police corrup- tion. Workshop report. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2011. • Faull, A. and Newham, G. ‘Protector or predator: tackling policing corruption in South Africa’. ISS Monograph, No. 182, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. Available at: www.issafrica.org/uploads/Mono 182Web.pdf • Faull, A. and Rose, B. Professionalism and the South African Police Service: What is it and how can it help build safer communities?’, ISS Occasional Paper No. 240. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2012. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ Paper240.pdf • Gopal, N. and Zondeka, F.M. ‘The guardians of safety and security: police perceptions of the causes of misconduct within the Grahamstown policing area’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 3 (2008), 76-91. • Grobler, E. and Prinsloo, J. ‘Risk factors contributing to police criminality’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 25(1) (2012), 41-57. • Ivkovic, S.K. and Sauerman, A. ‘The code of silence – revisiting South African police integrity’. SA Crime Quarterly, 40 (2012), 15- Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 11 • Sauerman, A. and Ivkovic, S.K. ‘Measuring the integrity of the South African Police Service during transitional times’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 2 (2008), 29-31. 8. POLICE CULTURE • Altbeker, A. The dirty work of democracy, Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2005. • Camaroff, J. and Camaroff , J. ‘Policing culture, cultural policing: law and social order in postcolonial South Africa’, Law and Social Inquiry, 29(3) (2004), 513-545. • Faull, A. Policing diversity: an analysis of a diversity intervention and its effects on a South African Police Service station, Amsterdam: Rozenberg Publishers, 2008. • Faull, A. Behind the badge: the untold stories of South Africa’s Police Service members, Cape Town: Zebra Press, 2010. • Marks, M. Transforming the robocops: changing police in South Africa, Durban: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2005. • O’Neill, M., Marks, M. and Singh, A. (eds), Rethinking police occupational culture: new debates and directions, Boston: Elsevier, 2007. • Steinberg, J. Thin blue: the unwritten rules of policing South Africa, Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2008. • Steyn, J. ‘Recruiting newcomers to the South African Police Service for the organisation’s culture’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 18(3) (2005), 82-100. • Steyn, J. ‘Venus versus Mars: an attitudinal comparison made at the start of South African Police Service basic training’, Police Science and Management, 9(2) (2007), 145-163. • Vigneswaran, D. and Hornberger, J. (eds), Beyond ‘good cop’/’bad cop’: understanding informality and police corruption in South Africa, Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, 2009. 9. POLICE AND CONDITIONS OF WORK • Jones, R. and Kagee, A. ‘Predictors of post- traumatic stress symptoms among South African police personnel’, South African Journal of Psychology, 35(2) (2005), 209-224. • Kassen, M. and DiLalla, D. ‘Maladaptive defense style and traumatic stress reactions in a specialised unit of the South African Police Service’, Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 8(3) (2008), 262-279. • Kopel, H & Friedman, M. Posttraumatic symptoms in South African Police exposed to violence. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 10(2) (2007), 307-317. • Louw, G. and Viveirs, A. ‘An evaluation of a psychosocial stress and coping model in the police work context’, South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(1) (2010), 1-11. • Mostert, K. and Rothmann, S. ‘Work related well-being in the South African Police Services’. Journal of Criminal Justice, 34(5) (2006), 479- 491. • Peltzer, K. ‘Stress and traumatic symptoms among police officers at a South African police station’. Acta Criminologica, 4(3) (2001), 52-56. • Pienaar, J. and Rothmann, S. ‘Coping strategies in the South Africa Police Service’. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology 29 (4) (2003), 81-90. • Rothmann, S. P. and van Rensburg, P. ‘Psych- ological strengths, coping and suicide ideation in the South African Police Services in the Northern Province’. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(3) (2002), 39-49. • Young, M., Koortzen, P. and Oosthuizen, R.M. ‘Exploring the meaning of trauma in the South African Police Service: a systems psycho- dynamic perspective’, South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 38(2) (2012), 1-11. 10. POLICE MANAGEMENT • Bradford, B., Huq, A., Jackson, J. and Roberts, B. ‘What price fairness when security is at stake? Police legitimacy in South Africa’, Regulation & Governance (2012). Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10. 1111/%28. • Bruce, D. ‘Good cops? Bad cops?: assessing the South African Police Service’, SA Crime Quarterly, 21 (2007), 15-20. Available at: http: //www.issafrica. org/uploads/CQBRUCE.PDF • Bruce, D. and Gould, C. ‘The War against the causes of crime: advocacy for social crime prevention in the face of tougher law enforcement’, SA Crime Quarterly, 30 (2009), 13-2. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/ crime/cq30bruce.pdf • Bruce, D. ‘Measuring outputs, neglecting outcomes – the Auditor General’s role in SAPS performance assessments’, SA Crime Quarterly, 38 (2011), 3-13. Available at: http://www. issafrica.org/uploads/CQ38Bruce.pdf • Bruce, D. and Neild, R. The police that we want: a handbook for oversight of the police in South Africa, Johannesburg: Open Society Foundation, 2005. • Bruce, D., Newham G. and Masuku, T. In service of the people’s democracy: an assessment of the South African Police Service, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation and the Open Society Foundation for South Africa, 2006. • Cachalia, F. ‘Operation Iron Fist after six months: provincial police strategy under review’, SA Crime Quarterly, 19 (2007), 21-2. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ CQ19 CACHALIA.PDF • Collier, P.M. ‘Policing in South Africa’, Public Management Review, 6(1) (2004), 1-20. • De Vries, I. and Steyn, J. ‘Exploring the impact of the SAPS basic training institutes in changing the deviant police culture attitudes of new recruits’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20 (1) (2007), 1-34. • Duxita, M. and Judy, K. ‘Strengthening civilian oversight over the police in South Africa: the national and Provincial Secretariats for Safety and Security’, ISS Paper 91, 2004. • Erwin, S. and Ketel, B. ‘Management capacity- building in the South African Police Service at station level’, International Journal of Police Science and Management, 10(2) (2008), 145-164. • Faull, A. ‘Missing the target: when measuring performance undermines police effectiveness’, SA Crime Quarterly, 31 (2010), 19-25. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ31 Faull.pdf • Faull, A and Mtsolongo, T. ‘From stings to wings: integrity management and the Directorate for Priority Crime Investigations’, SA Crime Quarterly, 29 (2009), 17-24. Available at: www.issafrica.org/crimehub/uploads/ICD STINGSSACQ29Faull.pdf • Frank, C. and Waterhouse, S. ‘One step forward, two steps back? The impact of the SAPS restructuring of the FCS Units’, SA Crime Quarterly, 28 (2009), 25-33. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ28FRANK. PDF • Kempa, M. and Shearing, C. ‘Microscopic and macroscopic responses to inequalities in the governance of security: respective experiments in South Africa and Northern Ireland’, Transformation, 49 (2002), 25-54. • O’Donovan, M. South Africans’ perceptions of the police and the courts: results of the 2007 National Victims of Crime Survey, ISS Paper 176, Institute for Security Studies, 2008. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ PAPER176.PDF • Marais, C. and Mostert, K. ‘Work-home interaction of police officers in the North West Province: examining socio-demographic differences’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 21 (1) (2008), 62-76. • Marks, M. ‘New methods, new motives? Appraising police behavioural change in a post- apartheid police unit’, Journal for African and Asian Studies, 37(3-5) (2002), 318-352. • Marks, M. and Fleming, J. ‘Having a voice: the quest for democratic policing in Southern Africa’, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 21(4) (2008), 451-559. • Minnaar, A. ‘The Scorpions lose their sting: challenges to incorporation of the DSO into the SAPS’, SA Crime Quarterly, 24 (2008), 23-28. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ CQ24MINNAAR.PDF • Mostert, K. ‘Time-based and strain-based work – family conflict in the South African Police Service: examining the relationship with work characteristics and exhaustion’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 21(3) (2008), 1-18. • Mostert, K., Cronje, S. and Pienaar, J. ‘Job resources, work engagement and the mediating role of positive work-home interaction of police officers in the North West Province’, Acta 12 Institute for Security Studies Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 13 Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 19(3) (2006), 64-87. • Newham, G. ‘Performance management as a policy initiative in the South African Police Service’ in Christo de Coning, Gavin Cawthra and Petal Thring (eds), Cases in policy manage- ment: a fieldwork book of policy initiatives in South Africa, University of the Witwatersrand: 2002. • Newham, G., Masuku, T. and Dlamini, J. A diversity and transformation in the South African Police Service: a study of police perspectives on race, gender and the community in the Johannesburg policing area, Braamfontein: Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2006. Available at: http://www. csvr.org.za/docs/policing/diversity.pdf • Omar, B. ‘In whose interest? Police unions and the 2006 restructuring of the SAPS’, SA Crime Quarterly, 21 (2007), 21-2. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ21 OMAR. PDF • Omar, B. ‘Investigating psychologically motivated crimes: the work of the SAPS Investigative Psychology Unit’, SA Crime Quarterly, 25 (2008), 33-38. Available at: http://www. issafrica.org/uploads/CQ25OMAR. PDF • Pelser, E. ‘How we really got it wrong: under- standing the failure of crime prevention’, SA Crime Quarterly, 22 (2007), 1-5. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ22FULL PDF.PDF • Pelser, E. ‘Learning to be lost: youth crime in South Africa’, Discussion Paper for the HSRC Youth Policy Initiative, Reserve Bank, Pretoria, 2008. • Prinsloo, M. and Bradshaw, D. ‘The experience of transformation by police officers: findings from a qualitative study conducted in Cape Town, South Africa’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 23(1) (2010), 84-95. • Rothmann, S. ‘Expectations of, and satisfaction with the South African Police Service in the North West province’, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 29(2) (2006), 211-255. • Rothmann, S. and Jorgensen, L.I. ‘A model of work-related well-being for police members in the North West province’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(4) (2007), 73-84. • Sekwena, E., Mostert, K. and Wentzel, L. ‘Interaction between work and personal life: experiences of police officers in the North West province’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(4) (2007), 37-54. • Shaik, M. ‘Where have all the democrats gone? The case for dissolving the Scorpions’, SA Crime Quarterly, 24 (2008), 3-9. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ24SHAIK. PDF. • Steyn, J., Husselmann, K.F. and De Vries, I.D. ‘Managing the SAPS budget for fuel and oil in Kwazulu-Natal: a study of the perceptions of station commissioners’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 23(2) (2010), 61-81. • Steyn, R. ‘Types and frequency of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder among rural police in South Africa’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 22(3) (2009), 139-148. • Steyn, R. ‘The abuse of alcohol and other substances by rural police in South Africa’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(1) (2011), 96-104. • Swanepoel, C. and Pienaar, J. ‘Coping, stress and suicide ideation in the South African Police Service in Gauteng Province’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 17(2) (2004), 17-33. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘Managerialist pathways toward ‘good policing’: observations from South Africa’ in Sheptycki, J. & Goldsmith, A. (eds), Crafting global policing, Hart Publishers, 2007. • Wannenburg, G. ‘Putting paid to the untouch- ables? The effects of dissolving the Directorate of Special Operations and the Specialised Commercial Crime Units’, SA Crime Quarterly, 24 (2008), 17-21. Available at: www.iss.org.za/ uploads/CQ24WANNENBURG.PDF • Williams, W., Nicholas, L. and Bawa, U. ‘Stress and traumatic symptoms among police officers’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), 48-59. 14 Institute for Security Studies 11. POLICE UNIONS • Fleming, J. and Marks, M. ‘Police as workers: police labour rights in Southern Africa and beyond’, SA Crime Quarterly, 19 (2007), 13-1. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/pg content.php?UID=29367 • Marks, M. ‘Labour relations in the South African Police Service’ in G. Adler (eds), Public service labour relations in a democratic South Africa, Johannesburg: University of Witwatersrand Press, 2000. • Marks, M. ‘Organising the blues: police labour relations in Southern Africa’, African Security Review, 11(2) (2002). • Marks, M. ‘Democratising police organisations from the inside out: police labour relations in Southern Africa’ in Fields C. and Moore H. (eds), Comparative and international criminal justice: traditional and non-traditional systems of law and control, 2nd edition, Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, 2005. • Marks, M. ‘Police unions and their cultural influence: subculture or counter-culture?’ in O’Neil, M., Marks, M. and Singh, A. (eds), Rethinking police culture: new debates and directions, Elsevier, 2007. • Marks, M. ‘Looking different, acting different: struggles for equality within the South African Police Service’, Public Administration, 86(3) (2008), 643-658. • Marks, M. ‘Police unions’ in Wakefield A. and Fleming J. (eds), The Sage Dictionary of Policing, London: Sage, 2009. • Marks, M. and Sklansky, D. ‘Introduction: the role of the rank and file and police unions in police reform’ in Marks M. and Sklansky, D. (eds), Police reform from the bottom up: officers and their unions as agents of change, London: Routledge, 2012. • Marks, M. and Wood J. ‘The South African policing nexus: charting the policing network in Durban’, South African Review of Sociology, 38(2) (2007), 134-160. • Nixon, C., Bradley, D and Marks, M. ‘What works, what doesn’t and what looks promising in police research networks’ in Fleming J. and Wood J. (eds), Fighting crime together: the challenges of policing and security networks, Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. 2006. 12. MUNICIPAL POLICING • Bruce, D. ‘Policing powers, politics, pragmatism and the provinces – revitalising policing oversight in the Western Cape’. SA Crime Quarterly, 40 (2012), 3-14. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/SACQ40_1_ DavidBruce.pdf • Hornberger, J. ‘My police-your police: the informal privatisation of the police in the inner city of Johannesburg’. African Studies, 63(2) (2004), 213-30. • Hornberger, J. (2008) ‘Nocturnal Johannesburg’ in A. Mbembe and S. Nuttall (eds), Johannesburg – The Elusive Metropolis. Durham: Duke University Press. 13. PRIVATE POLICING • Baker, B. (2004) ‘Multi-Choice Policing in Africa: Is the Continent following the South African Pattern?’ Society in Transition, 35(2) (2004), 204-223. • Berg, J. ‘The private security industry in South Africa: a review of applicable legislation’, South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 16(2) (2003), 178-196. • Berg, J. ‘Challenges to a Formal Private Security Industry-SAPS Partnership: Lessons from the Western Cape’. Society in Transition, 35(1) (2004), 105-124. • Berg, J. ‘Private policing in South Africa: the Cape Town City Improvement District- pluralisation in practice’. Society in Transition, 35(2) (2004), 224-250. • Berg, J. ‘Holding South Africa’s private security industry accountable: mechanisms of control and challenges to oversight’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 21(1) (2008), 87-96. • Berg, J. ‘Seeing like private security: evolving mentalities of public space protection in South Africa’. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 10(3) (2010), 287-301. • Berg, J. and Nouveau, J. ‘Towards a third phase of regulation – re-imagining private security in Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 15 South Africa’. SA Crime Quarterly, 38 (2011), 23-32. http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ38 Berg_Nouveau.pdf • Brooks, D.J. ‘Defining the science of private security through knowledge categorisation’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 1 (2007), 12-23. • Bruce, B. ‘Living with non-state policing in South Africa: the issues and dilemmas’. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 40(1) (2002), 29-53. • Goodenough, C. ‘Joining forces against crime: potential for the private security industry to become proactive’ SA Crime Quarterly, 20 (2007), 7-12. Available at: www.issafrica. org/uploads/CQ20GOODENOUGH.PDF • Hasen, T.B. ‘Performers of sovereignty: on the privatization of security in urban South Africa’. Critique of Anthropology, 26(3) (2006), 279-295. • Kempa, M. and Singh, A. ‘Private security, political economy and the policing of race: probing global hypotheses through the case of South Africa’. Theoretical Criminology, 12(3) (2008), 333-354. • Kole, J. ‘How effectively is the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSIRA) regulating the security industry in South Africa? Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 2 (2010), 154-168. • Kris, P. ‘The proliferation of private security agencies in South Africa and its concomitant effect on crime prevention and crime reduction’. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 30 (1) (2006), 95-108. • Mabudusha, A. and Masiloane, D. ‘The involvement of private security in policing: police recognising their limitations’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), 114-122. • Minnaar, A. ‘Private-public partnerships: private security, crime prevention and policing in South Africa’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 18(1) (2005), 85-114. • Minnaar, A. ‘The impact of firearms’ control on the South African private security industry’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 21(3) (2008), 100-123. • Minnaar, A. and Ngoveni, P. ‘The relationship between the South African Police Service and the private security industry: any role for outsourcing in the prevention of crime?’ Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 17(1) (2004), 42-65. • Potgieter, P.J., Ras, J.M. and Neser, J.J. ‘Can private security stand up to the challenges of crime and crime prevention in South Africa? A contemporary perspective’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 21(1) (2008), 33-43. • Sabelo, G. ‘Regulating the private security sector in South Africa’, Social Justice, 34(3/4) (2007), 195-207. • Samara, T.R. ‘Order and security in the city: producing race and policing neoliberal spaces in South Africa’. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33(4) (2010), 637-655. • Singh, A. ‘Private security and crime control’. Theoretical Criminology, 9(2) (2005), 153-174. • Steenkamp, D.G. and Potgieter, P.J. ‘Private security and crime prevention: a factor analytic approach’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 17(2) (2004), 71-82. 14. INFORMAL POLICING • Baderoon, G. ‘South Africa: PAGAD, Islam and the challenge of the local’, Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies, 26(1) (2005), 85-107. • Baker, B. ‘Multi-choice policing in Africa: is the continent following the South African patterns?’ Society in Transition, 35(2) (2004), 204-223. • Baker, B. ‘Living with non-state policing in South Africa: the issues and dilemmas’. Journal of Modern African Studies, 40(1) (2002), 29-53. • Bangstad, S. ‘Hydra’s heads: PAGAD and responses to the PAGAD phenomenon in a Cape muslim community’, Journal of South African Studies, 31(1) (2005), 187-208. • Bidaguren, J.A. and Nina, D. ‘Governability and forms of popular justice in the new South Africa and Mozambique: community courts and vigilantism’, Social Justice, 31(1-2) (2004), 165- 181. • Buur, L. ‘Crime and punishment on the margins of the post-apartheid state’. Anthro- pology and Humanism, 28(1) (2003), 23-42. • Buur, L. and Jensen, S. ‘Introduction: vigilant- ism and the policing of everyday life in South Africa’. African Studies, 63(2) (2004), 139-152. • Buur, L. ‘The sovereign outsourced: local justice and violence in Port Elizabeth’, in T.B. Hansen and F. Stepputat (eds), Sovereign bodies: citizens, migrants, and states in the postcolonial world. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005, 192-217. • Buur, L. ‘Reordering society: vigilantism and sovereign expressions in Port Elizabeth’s townships’, Development and Change, 37(4) (2006), 735-757. • Buur, L. ‘Reordering society: vigilantism and sovereign expressions in Port Elizabeth’s townships’ in C. Lund (ed), Twilight institutions: public authority and local politics in Africa. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007, 61- 82. • Buur, L. ‘Fluctuating personhood: vigilantism and human rights in the Port Elizabeth’s Townships” in D. Pratten and A. Sen (eds), Global Vigilantes. London: Columbia University Press, 2007, 122-145. • Buur, L. ‘Democracy and its discontent: vigilantism, sovereignty and human rights in South Africa’. Review of African Political Economy, 35(118) (2008), 571-584. • Buur, L. ‘The horror of the mob: the violence of imagination in South Africa’. Critique of Anthropology, 29(1) (2009), 5-24. • Buur, L. ‘Domesticating sovereigns: the changing nature of vigilante groups in South Africa’, in T. G. Kirsch and T. Grätz (eds), Domesticating vigilantism in Africa. Suffolk: James Currey, 2010, 26-50. • Froestad, J. and Shearing, C. Security govern- ance, policing and local capacity. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012. • Harris, B. ‘As for violent crime that’s our daily bread: vigilante violence during South Africa’s period of transition’, Vol. 1, Johannes- burg: Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2001. Available at: http://www. csvr.org.za/docs/vigilantism/asforviolentcrime. pdf • Hornberger, J. ‘“My police – your police”: the informal privatization of the police in the inner city of Johannesburg’. African Studies, 673(2) (2004), 213-230. • Jensen, S. ‘Security and violence on the frontier of the state: vigilant citizens in Nkomazi, South Africa’ in P. Ahluwalia, L. Bethlehem and Gunio, R (eds), Violence and Non violence: African perspectives. London: Routledge, 2008, 105-123. • Jensen, S. ‘Policing Nkomazi: crime, masculinity and generational conflicts’ in D. Pratten, A. Sen (eds), Global vigilantes. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008, 47-68. • Jensen, S. and Buur, L. ‘Everyday policing and the occult: notions of witchcraft, crime and “the people”. African Studies, 63 (2) (2004), 193-211. • Marks, M. and McKenzie, P. ‘Alternative policing structures: a look at Youth Defence Units in Gauteng’ in D. Nina and W. Schärf (eds), The other law: non-state ordering in South Africa. Cape Town: Juta Press, 2001. • Martin, J.R. ‘Vigilantism and Informal social control in South Africa’, Acta Criminologica, 23(3) (2010), 53-70. • Minnaar, A. ‘The new vigilantism in post-April 1994 South Africa: searching for explanations’, In D, Feenan (eds), Informal Criminal Justice. England: Dartmouth, 2002. • Nina, D. ‘Dirty Harry is back: vigilantism in South Africa: the (re)emergence of the good and bad community, African Security Review, 9(1) (2000), 18-28. • Oomen, B. ‘Vigilantism or alternative citizenship? The rise of Mapogo a Mathamaga’, African Studies, 63(2) (2004), 153-171. • Padayachee, A. ‘Prohibition, vigilantism and human rights violations: a South African experience’, Acta Criminologica, 13(2) (2000), 101-106. • Pelgrim, R. Witchcraft and policing: South Africa Police Service attitudes towards witchcraft and witchcraft-related crime in the Northern Province. Leiden: African Studies Centre, 2003. Available at: https://openaccess.leiden univ.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/12920/ASC- 075287668-076-01.pdf?sequence=2 • Schärf, W. and Nina, D. The other law: non-state ordering in South Africa. Juta Press, 2001. 16 Institute for Security Studies Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 17 • Schontech, M. ‘Vigilantism and popular attitudes towards punishment’, Crime and Conflict, 19 (August) (2000), 26-31. • Shaw, M. ‘Theatre of terror: responding to the Cape bombings’, Crime and Conflict, 21(Spring) (2000), 5- 10. • Singh, D. ‘Resorting to community justice when state policing fails: South Africa’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 18(3) (2005), 43-50. • Swanepoel, L. and Duvenhage, A. ‘Vigilantism as a feature of political decay in the Post-1994 South African Dispensation’, Acta Criminologica, 39(1) (2007), 123-145. • Tshehla, B. ‘Non-state justice in the post-apartheid South Africa – a scan of Khayelitsha’. African Sociological Review, 6 (2) (2002), 47-70. • Von Schnitzler, A., Ditlhage, G., Kgalema, L., Maepa, T., Mofokeng, T. and Pigou, P. ‘Guardian or gangster? Mapogo a Mathamaga: a case study’, Violence and Transition Series, 3 (2001), 1-40. 15. COMMUNITY POLICING • Albrecht, J.F. ‘Evaluating the implementation of community policing globally: transitioning from community partnership to crime mapping and strategic deployment in the new millennium’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 3 (2008), 24-47. • Bénit-Gbaffou, C. ‘Police-community partner- ships and responses to crime: lessons from Yeoville and Observatory, Johannesburg’. Urban Forum, 17(4) (2006), 301-326. • Bénit-Gbaffou, C. ‘Community policing and disputed norms for local social control in post- apartheid Johannesburg’. Journal of Southern African Studies, 34(1) (2008), 93-109. • Bezuidenhout, C. ‘The nature of police and community interaction alongside the dawn of intelligence led policing’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 3 (2008), 48-67. • Brogden, M. ‘Implanting community policing in South Africa: a failure of history, of context, and of theory’. The Liverpool Law Review, 24(3) (2002), 157 -179. • Dixon, B. ‘Community policing: ‘cherry pie’ or melktert?’. Society in Transition: Journal of the South African Sociological Association, 35(2) (2004), 251-272. • Gordon, D.R. ‘Democratic consolidation and community policing: conflicting imperatives in South Africa, Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 11(2) (2001), 121-150. • Fourchard, L. ‘The politics of mobilization for security in South African townships’. African Affairs, 110(441) (2011), 607-627. • Hornberger, J. ‘Policing community’. Wiser Review (3) (2008). • Marks, M. and Bonnin, D. ‘Generating safety from below: community safety groups and the policing nexus in Durban’. South African Review of Sociology, 41(1) (2010), 56-76. • Marks, M., Shearing, C. and Wood, J. ‘Who should the police be? Finding a new narrative for community policing in South Africa’. Police Practice and Research, 10(2) (2009), 145-155. • Marks, M., Shearing, C. and Wood, J. ‘A thick or a thin blue line? Exploring alternative models for community policing and the police role in South Africa” in P. Grabosky (ed), Community Policing and Peacekeeping. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009, 153-168. • Meyer, M. and van Graan, J.G. ‘Effective community policing in practice: the Roodekrans Neighbourhood Watch case study, West Rand’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(2) (2011), 130-143. • Minnaar, A. ‘Community policing in a high crime transitional state: the case of South African since democratisation in 1994’ in D. Wisler and I. Onwudiwe (eds), Community policing: international patterns and comparative perspectives. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2010, 1-18. • Morrison, C. ‘Views of police officials concern- ing community policing in the Vaalrand area’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(2) (2011), 144-153. • Pelser, E., Schnetler, J. and Louw, A. ‘Not everybody’s business: community policing in SAPS priority areas’. ISS Monograph No. 72. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2002. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ Mono71.pdf 18 Institute for Security Studies • Scharf, W. ‘Community Justice and community policing in post-apartheid South Africa’. IDS Bulletin, 32(1) (2001), 74-82. • Steinberg, J. ‘Crime Prevention goes abroad: policy transfer and policing in post-apartheid South Africa’ Theoretical Criminology, 15 (4) (2011), 349-364. 16. PROBLEM-ORIENTATED POLICING • Breetzke, G.D. ‘Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and policing in South Africa: a review’, International Journal of Policing Strategies and Management, 29 (4) (2007), 723- 740. • Buur, L., Jensen, S. and Stepputat, F. ‘The security development nexus’ in L. Buur, S. Jensen, & F. Stepputat (eds), The security development nexus: expressions of sovereignty and securitization in Southern Africa, Cape Town: Human Science Research Council Press, 2007. • Gordon, D. Transformation and trouble: crime, justice and participation in a democratic South Africa, Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2006. • Hubbell, S., Steinberg, J. and Herbert, S., The unwritten rules of policing in South Africa and the United States, public event organised by the Open Society Foundation on 13 April 2009 at OSI-New York. Available at: http://www.open societyfoundations.org/events/unwritten-rules- policing-south-africa-and-united-states. • Marks, M., and Goldsmith, A. ‘The state, the people and democratic policing: the case of South Africa’ in J. Wood & B. Dupont (eds), Democracy, security and the governance of security, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. • Roche, D. ‘Restorative justice and the regulatory state in South African townships’, British Journal of Criminology, 42(2002), 514-533. • Warchol, G. and Dale, K. ‘Policing the wilderness: a descriptive study of the wildlife conservation officers in South Africa’, International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 36(2) (2012), 83-101. 17. SECTOR POLICING • Buthelezi, M. ‘Problems encountered in the implementation of sector policing in priority and contact crime stations in KwaZulu-Natal: the case of Nongoma and Newcastle police stations’, Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 2 (2010), 84-98. • Dixon, B. ‘The globalisation of democratic policing: sector policing and zero tolerance in the new South Africa’. (Occasional Paper Series). Cape Town: Institute of Criminology, University of Cape Town, 2000. • Dixon, B. ‘Globalising the local: a genealogy of sector policing in South Africa’, International Relations, 21(2) (2007), 163-182. • Dixon, B. and Rauch, J. Sector policing: origins and prospects, ISS Monograph No. 97. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2004. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ Mono97.pdf • Montesh, M. ‘Poor Infrastructure as an inhibiting factor in the implementation of sector policing at Calcutta police station in the Bushbuck Ridge local municipality’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(3) (2007), 32-45. • Steinberg, J. Sector policing on the West Rand, ISS Monograph No 110, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2004. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/Mono110.pdf 18. POLICING AND CRIME PREVENTION • Altbeker, A. A country at war with itself: South Africa’s crisis of crime. Cape Town: Jonathan Ball, 2007. • Artz, L., Smythe, D. and Doolan K. Crime prevention indicators for youth at risk. Pretoria/Cape Town: Alliance for Crime Prevention, 2006. • Berg, J. and Shearing, C. ‘The practice of crime prevention: design principles for more effective security governance’. SA Crime Quarterly, 36 (2011), 23-30. Available at: http://www.iss africa.org/crimehub/uploads/ Berg__SACQ_ Launch.pdf • Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, ‘Crime and policing in transitional societies’. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 30 August-1 September 2000. Available at: http://www.kas. de/wf/doc/kas_4865-1522-2-30.pdf? 040622164853 • Leggett, T. ‘The state of crime and police’ in J. Daniel, R. Southall, and J. Lutchman (eds), State of the Nation: South Africa: 2004-2005. Pretoria: HSRC Press, 2006. • Mavor, A. ‘Crime and crime prevention in South Africa: 10 years after’ in Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 47 (2005), 427-446. • Newham, G. A decade of crime prevention in South Africa: from a national strategy to a local challenge, Research report written for the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Johannesburg, 2005. Available at: http://www.csvr.org.za/papers/papnwh17. htm • Ngantweni, G.X. ‘Selected crime prevention issues in South Africa: lessons from Zambia’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 3(21) (2008), 92-108. • Palmary, I. Social crime prevention in South Africa’s major cities. Report prepared as part of the City Safety Project, Johannesburg: Centre for the Study of Violence and Conflict Resolution, 2001. Available at: www.csvr.org.za/docs/urban safety/socialcrimeprevention.pdf • Pelser, E. and Louw, A. ‘Evaluating community safety forums’ in E. Pelser (eds), Crime prevention partnerships: lessons from practice, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2002. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ PREVENCHAPTER9.PDF • Rauch, J. ‘Changing step: crime prevention policy in South Africa’ in E. Pelser (eds), Crime prevention partnerships: lessons from practice, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2002. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/crime hub/uploads/CrimePreventionRauchinPelser 2002.pdf • Roche, D. ‘Restorative justice and the regulatory state in South African townships’, British Journal of Criminology, 42(3) (2002), 514-533. • Roelofse, C.J. ‘A systems approach to com- munity crime prevention’ in Acta Criminologica: Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 19 • Bezuidenhout, P.C. ‘Reducing crime in South Africa by enforcing traffic laws – A ‘broken windscreen’ approach’. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineers 53(1) (2011), 33-38. • Burger, J. ‘Crime combating in perspective: a strategic approach to policing and the prevention of crime’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 19(2) (2006), 105-118. • Buur, L. ‘Crime and punishment on the margins of the post-apartheid state’. Anthropology and Humanism, 28(1) (2003), 23- 42. • Cartwright, J. and Shearing, C. Where’s the chicken? Making South Africa safe. Cape Town: Burnet Media, 2012. • Dixon, B. ‘Development, crime prevention and social policy in post-apartheid South Africa’. Critical Social Policy, 26(1) (2006), 169-191. • Dixon, B. and van der Spuy, E. Justice gained? Crime and crime control in South Africa’s transition. Cape Town: UCT Press, 2004. • Emmet, T., Butchart, A., Saayman, G. and Lekoba, R. ‘Community responses to crime’, in T. Emmett and A. Butchart (eds), Behind the mask: getting to grips with crime and violence in South Africa. Pretoria: HSRC Press, 2007, 229- 255. • Faull, A. ‘President Zuma, gun ownership and what the crime trends’. Arms Control Africa, 2(3) (2009), 7-8. • Govender, D. ‘Policing a changing society in South Africa: challenges for the police officer’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 2 (2010), 69-83. • Hornberger, J., Posel, D. and Mbembe, A. ‘Crime and politics in our time’ in Wiser Review (3) (2008). • Kynoch, G. ‘Crime, conflict and politics in transitions-era South Africa’. African Affairs, 104(416) (2005), 493-514. 19. POLICING GANGS • Brown, A. Street blues: the experiences of a reluctant policeman, Zebra Press, 2008. • Department of Community Safety (2003) Criminal Economy, Gangs and Child Abuse, Community Safety Monitor, Community Safety Information Centre, Journal 1/2003. • Dixon, B. and Johns, L. ‘Gangs Pagad and the state: vigilantism and revenge violence in the Western Cape’ in Violence and Transition Series, Vol.2, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Johannesburg, 2001. • Frank, C. ‘Children in organised armed violence: young guns’, SA Crime Quarterly 14 (2005), 11-14. Available at: • Irish-Qhobosheane, J. Gentlemen or villains, thugs or heroes: the social economy of organised crime in South Africa, SAIA, Braamfontein, 2007. • Jensen, S. ‘Of drug dealers and street gangs: power, mobility and violence on the Cape Flats.’ Focaal, 36 (2000), 95-106. • Jensen, S. Gangs, politics and dignity in Cape Town, Oxford: James Currey Publishers, 2008. • Jensen, S. ‘The security and development nexus in Cape Town: war on gangs, counter- insurgency and citizenship’ Security Dialogue, 41(1) (2010), 77-97. • Jensen, S. ‘Gangs in Cape Town’ in Rodgers, D and J. Hazen (eds), Global gangs, Minnesota University Press: Minneapolis, 2013. • Jensen, S. and Rodgers, D. ‘Revolutionaries, barbarians or war machines? Gangs in Nicaragua and South Africa’. Socialist Register 45 (2009), 220-238. • Kinnes, I. From urban street gangs to criminal empires: the changing face of gangs in the Western Cape. ISS Monograph, 48, 2000. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ publications/monograph-48-from-urban-street- gangs-to-criminal-empires-the-changing-face- of-gangs-in-the-western-cape-by-irvin-kinnes. • Kinnes, I. ‘Uniforms, plastic cops and the madness of ‘Superman’: an exploration of the dynamics shaping the policing of gangs in Cape Town’, South African Journal of Criminal Justice, vol. 22 (9) (2009), 176-193. Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20 (3) (2007), 100-112. • Roelofse, C.J. ‘A Critical assessment of the constitutional mandate of the South African Police Service in accordance with criminologica perspectives on crime prevention’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, Vol. 23 (2) (2010), 42-60. • Schärf, W. and Nina, D. The other law: non- state ordering in South Africa, Lansdowne, Cape Town: Juta & Co., Ltd, 2001. • Seekings, J. ‘Crime and the rule of law in post- apartheid South Africa’ in Garland, A. et al. Crime and the threat to democratic governance, Washington: Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, 2003. • Shaw, M. ‘Crime, police and public in trans- itional societies’. Transformation, 49(1) (2002), 1-24. • Shearing, C. ‘Making South Africans safe: possibilities and prospects’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 1 (2008), 1-11. • Singh, A. Policing and crime control in post-A apartheid South Africa, Aldershot, England: Ashgate Publishing, 2008. • Super, G. ‘The spectacle of crime in the ‘new’ South Africa’. The British Journal of Criminology, 50(2) (2010), 165-184. • Tait, S. ‘Community prosecution: developing a strategy for community prosecution in South Africa’, Occasional Paper, Cape Town: Open Foundation Society for South Africa, 2007. Available at: http://osf.org.za/wp/wpcontent/up loads/2012/09/CJIOccasionalPaperThree1.pdf • United Nations Development Programme. Handbook on planning and action for crime prevention in Southern Africa and the Caribbean regions. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Vienna (UNODC), 2008. • Van der Spuy, E and Röntsch, R. Police and crime prevention in Africa: a brief appraisal of structures, policies and practices, Thematic Analysis Report, Canada: International Centre for the Prevention of Crime, 2008. Available at: http://www.crime-prevention-intl.org/file admin/user_upload/ Publications/Police_and_ Crime_Prevention_in_Africa_ANG.pdf 20 Institute for Security Studies Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 21 • Kinnes, I. ‘Contesting police governance: respect, authority and belonging in organised violent gangs in Cape Town’. Acta Criminologica: South African Journal of Criminology: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition, 2 (2012), 31-46. • Kinnes, I. & Newham, G. ‘Freeing the Hawks: why an anti-corruption agency should not be in the SAPS’. SA Crime Quarterly, 39 (2012), 33-39. • Kynoch, G. We are fighting the world: a history of the Marashea gangs in South Africa, 1947-199, Pietermaritzburg and Athens: OH, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press and Ohio University Press, 2005. • Kynoch, G. ‘Urban violence in colonial Africa: a case for South African exceptionalism’. Journal of Southern African Studies, 34(3) (2008), 629- 645. • Olivier, J. and Cunningham, P.W. ‘Gang violence in Port Elizabeth, South Africa’. Commonwealth Youth and Development, 2(1)(2004), 75-105. • Parker-Lewis, H. God’s gangsters: the history, language, rituals, secrets and myths of South Africa’s prison gangs, Cape Town: Ihilihili Press, 2006. • Peacock, R. and Theron, A. ‘Identity develop- ment of the incarcerated adolescent with particular reference to prison gang membership’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(3) (2007), 61-74. • Standing, A. Organised crime: a study from the Cape Flats, Institute for Security Studies, Pretoria, 2006. Available at: http://www.iss africa.org/uploads/Book2006OC_CapeFlats. PDF • Standing, A. ‘The threat of gangs and anti-gangs policy: policy discussion paper’ in Institute for Security Studies, Paper 116, 2005. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/ PAPER116.PDF • Steinberg, J. The number: one man’s search for identity in the Cape underworld and prison gangs, Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2004. • Steinberg, J. Thin blue: the unwritten rules of policing South Africa, Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2008. • Van Onselen, C. The small matter of a horse: the life of ‘Nogolaza’ Mathebula 1867-1948, Pretoria: Protea Book House, 2008. • Van Wyk, B.E. and Theron, W.H. ‘Fighting gangsterism in South Africa: a contextual review of gang and anti-gang movements in the Western Cape’ in Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 18(3) (2005), 51-60. • Ward, C.L. It feels like it’s the end of the world: Cape Town’s youth talk about gangs and community violence in Institute for Security Studies Monograph 136, 2007. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/M136FULL .PDF 20. POLICING ORGANISED CRIME • Benson, B. ‘The illicit trade in heritage objects: fact or fiction?’ in Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 1 (2010), 140-158. • Budhram, T. ‘Lost, stolen or skimmed – overcoming credit card fraud in South Africa’, SA Crime Quarterly 40 (2012), 31-37. Available at: www.issafrica.org/SACQ40-4. Budhram.PDF • Coetzee, B. and Stott, N. ‘Giving substance to political will: the role of the SAPS in destroying firearms’, SA Crime Quarterly 25 (2008), 25-32. Available at: http://www. issafrica.org/uploads/CQ25STOTT.PDF • Da Rocha-Silva, L. and Malaka, D. ‘The drug consumption and crime history of detainees at police stations in South Africa’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African journal of Criminology, 21 (1): 44-61. • Fouche, H. ‘The Staggering Global Economic and Human Cost of Maritime Piracy on the Eastern Seaboard of Africa: editorial’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), i-iii. • Haefele, B. ‘An Analysis of Drug-related crime in the Western Cape, with specific reference to Mitchells Plain as a hotspot area’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2008), 72-82. • Horne, J. ‘The investigation of human trafficking: an impossible mission without elemental identification of the crime’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), 20-30. • Hubschle, A. and Van der Spuy, E. ‘Organised crime and law enforcement in Southern Africa: the challenges confronting research’. SADC Law Journal, 2(2) (2012), 319-334. • Kirsten, A. et al. Islands of safety in a sea of guns: gun-free zones in South Africa’s Fothane, Diepkloof, and Khayelitsha, Small Arms Survey Working Paper, 3, Geneva, 2006. • Roelofse, C. ‘Human trafficking as an organised crime in South Africa: pre-, during and post Soccer World Cup 2010’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), 1-19. • Singh, D. and Van Zyl, M. ‘South Africa: an opportunistic narcoscape for international drug trading’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(1) (2007), 123-143. 21. POLICING VIOLENT CRIME • Govender, D. ‘Information management strategies to combat crime and prevent losses’. Acta Criminologica, 25(1) (2012), 79-96. • Marks, M. ‘The fantastical world of South Africa’s roadblocks: dilemmas of a ubiquitous police strategy’. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, 21(4) (2011), 408-419. • Minnaar, A. ‘The murder of members of the South African Police Service: some findings on common causes and practical preventative steps’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 16(3) (2003), 1-27. • Minnaar, A. ‘The use of informers: an essential tool in the fight against crime?’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 24(3) (2011), 83-97. • Newham, G. ‘Reclaiming our homes? Tackling residential robbery in Gauteng’, SA Crime Quarterly, 23 (2008), 7-12. Available at: http:// www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ23NEWHAM. PDF • Newham, G. ‘Cops and robbers: a new approach the Gauteng aggravated robbery strategy’, SA Crime Quarterly, 29 (2009), 3-8. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/crime hub/uploads/GPAntiRobberySACQ29NEW HAM.pdf • Prinsloo, J. ‘An analysis of robbery in Johannesburg, South Africa: results of the fourth International Crime Victim Survey’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 19(1) (2006), 1-18. • Prinsloo, J. ‘The problematic nature of the South African Crime Context’. Acta Criminologica, 25(1) (2012), 69-7. • Shaw, M. and Marks, M. ‘Point of order: policing and crime in transition in South Africa’. Transformation, 49 (2002), i – x. • Van der Merwe, N. ‘Empirical phenomenological research on armed robbery at residential premises: four victims’ experiences’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 2 (2008), 139-161. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘Police and the policing of conflict: reflections from Africa’. African Security Review, 20(4) (2011), 1-4. • Van Zyl, G.S., Wilson, G.D.H. and Pretorius, R. ‘Residential burglary in South Africa: why individual households adopt reactive strategies’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 16(3) (2003), 107-123. 22. POLICING PUBLIC ORDER • Burger, J. and Omar, B. ‘Can practice make perfect? Security and the 2010 FIFA World Cup’, SA Crime Quarterly, 29 (2009), 9-17. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ29 BURGER.PDF • Hornberger, J. ‘Policing xenophobia – xeno- phobic policing: a clash of legitimacy’ in Shireen Hassim and Eric Worby (eds), Go home or die here: violence, xenophobia and the reinvention of difference in Southern Africa, Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2008. • Marks, M. Transforming the robocops: changing police in South Africa, University of KwaZulu- Natal Press, 2005. • Marks, M. And Olivier, J. ‘Public order policing in South Africa’, Police Practice and Research: An International Journal, 2(1-2) (2001), 71-108. 22 Institute for Security Studies Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 23 • Masiloane, D.T. ‘Guaranteeing the safety of non- striking employees during strikes: the fallacy of policing’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 23(2) (2010), 31-41. • Omar, B. ‘More changes: impact of SAPS restructuring on public order policing’, SA Crime Quarterly, 18 (2006), 31-36. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/01-dec-2006-sacq-no- 18/01-dec-2006-more-changes-impact-of-saps- restructuring-on-public-order-policing-bilkis- omar • Omar, B. SAPS’ costly restructuring: a review of public order policing capacity, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2007. Available at: http:// www.issafrica.org/uploads/M138 FULL.PDF • Shearing, C. and Foster, D. ‘Back to the future in South African security: from intentions to effective mechanisms’. Acta Juridica (2007), 156- 170. • Tait, S. and Marks, M. ‘You strike a gathering, you strike a rock: current debates in the policing of public order in South Africa’ SA Crime Quarterly, 38 (2011), 15-22. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ38Tait_ Marks.pdf • Van der Spuy, E. ‘The World Cup 2010 and police cooperation: the South African case’ in Tait, S. and E. van der Spuy (eds), Cooperation and accountability in the cross-border policing of Southern Africa, Cape Town: APCOF and Centre of Criminology, University of Cape Town, 2010. 23. POLICING TERRORISM • Hübschle, A. ‘Flogging a dead horse: the incongruity of measure against terrorist financing in Southern Africa’ in Goredema, C. (ed) Money laundering experiences. ISS Monograph, No. 124. Pretoria: Institute of Security Studies, 2006. • Hübschle, A. ‘Terrorist financing in Southern Africa: are we making a mountain out of a molehill?’ ISS Paper, 132: 1-12. Pretoria: Institute of Security Studies, 2007. Available at: dspace.cigilibrary.org/jspui/123456789/31121/1/ PAPER132.pdf?1 • Hübschle, A. ‘From theory to practice: exploring organized crime-terror nexus in Sub- Saharan Africa’. Perspectives on Terrorism, 5(3-4) (2011), 81-95. • Jacobs, P.C. and Hough, M. ‘Intelligence cooperation to combat terrorism and serious organised crime: the United Kingdom model’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 23(2) (2010), 94-108. • Montesh, M. and Ngantweni, G. ‘Piracy and maritime terrorism: is South Africa ready to deal with these challenges?’. Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 1 (2010), 126-139. 24. POLICING GENDER BASED VIOLENCE • Abrahams, N., Martin, L.J., Jewkes, R., Mathews, S., Vetten, L. and Lombard, C. ‘The epidemiology and the pathology of rape homicide in South Africa’, Forensic Science International, 178 (2008), 132-138. • Abrahams, N., Jewkes, R. and Martin, L.J. et al. ‘Mortality of women from intimate partner violence in South Africa: a national epidemio- logical study’, Violence and Victims, 24(4) (2009), 546-556. • Abrahams, N., Jewkes, R. and Mathews, S. ‘The role of guns in gender-based violence: evidence from South Africa’, South African Medical Journal, 100(9) (2010), 586. • Abrahams, N., Jewkes, R., Laubscher, R. and Hoffman, M. ‘Intimate partner violence: prevalence and risk factors for men in Cape Town, South Africa’ Violence and Victims, vol. 21(2) (2006), 247-263. • Abrahams, N., Mathews, S., Jewkes, R., Martin, L.J. and Lombard, C. ‘Every eight hours: intimate femicide in South Africa 10 years later!’ Research Brief, Pretoria: Medical and Research Council, South Africa, 2012. • Artz, L. ‘Fear or failure? Why victims of domestic violence retract from the criminal justice process’, SA Crime Quarterly, 37 (2011), 3-1. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ uploads/CQ37Artz.pdf • Artz, L. and Smythe, D. ‘South African legislation supporting victims’ rights’, in Davis Lillian and Snyman, R. (eds), South African 24 Institute for Security Studies Handbook on Victimology, Pretoria: Van Schaiks, 2005. • Artz, L. and Smythe, D. ‘Case attrition in rape cases: a comparative analysis’, South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 20(2) (2007), 158-181. • Artz, L. and Smythe, D. ‘Should we consent?’, in Artz & Smythe (eds), Should we consent? The politics of rape law reform in South Africa, Cape Town: Juta, 2008. • Christofides, N., Webster , N., Jewkes, R. and Penn-kekana, L. et al. The state of sexual assault services: findings from a situation analysis of services in South Africa. Technical report published by the South African Gender- based Violence & Health Initiative, Medical Research Council: Pretoria, 2004. • Combrinck, H. and Wakefield, L. ‘Going the extra mile: police training on domestic violence’, SA Crime Quarterly, 31 (2010), 27- 34. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ uploads/ CQ31Combrinck_Wakefield.pdf • Gender Links and Medical Research Council ‘The war @ home: preliminary findings of the Gauteng gender violence prevalence study’, 2010. Available at: http://www.mrc.ac.za/ gender/gbvthewar.pdf , http://www.gender links.org.za/page/16-days-of-activism-2010. • Hornberger, J. ‘Mama bat Papa de loir sur la violence domestique a Sophiatown, Johannesburg’, Politique Africaine 91, 2003. • Hornberger, J. ‘Domestic violence legislation and police violence: negotiations at the boundary between the private and the public’ in Gorgio Blundo and Pierre-Yves Le Meur (eds), Governance of daily life in Africa, Brill Press, 2008. • Jewkes, R. ‘Violence against women in South Africa’, International Clinical Psychopathology, 15(3) (2000), 37-45. • Jewkes, R. ‘Reflections on gender violence in the South African public health agenda’, Development 44(3) (2001), 64-68. • Jewkes, R. ‘Preventing sexual violence: a rights based approach’, The Lancet, 360 (2002), 1092- 3. Available at: http://www.thelancet.com/ journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(02) 11135-4/fulltext#article_upsell • Jewkes, R. and Abrahams, N. ‘The epidemi- ology of rape and sexual coercion in South Africa: an overview’, Social Science & Medicine, 55 (2002), 153-166. • Jewkes, R., Abrahams, N., Mathews, S.M., Seedat, M., Niekerk Van, A., Suffla, S. and Ratele, K. Preventing rape and violence in South Africa: call for leadership in a new agenda for action, Policy Brief, Pretoria: Medical and Research Council, South Africa, 2009. • Manamela, M., Smit, J. and Ngantweni, G. ‘Policing domestic violence effectively at Rietgat Police Station: an assessment’, Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 2 (2010), 99-113. • Parenzee, P and Smythe, D. Domestic violence and development: looking at the farming context, Cape Town: OSF and Institute of Criminology, University of Cape Town, 2002. • Sigsworth, R., Vetten, L., Jewkes, R. and Christofides, N. Policing rape in South Africa’, Agenda, 82(2) (2010), 39-50. • Smythe, D. ‘Missed opportunities: confiscation of weapons in domestic violence cases’, SA Crime Quarterly 10 (2004), 19-26. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/4MISSED. PDF • Smythe, D. ‘Moving beyond 30 years of Anglo-American rape law reforms: legal representation for victims of sexual offences’, South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 18(2) (2005). • Smythe, D. ‘South Africa’s response to domestic violence’, in Benninger-Budel (eds), State obligations to end violence against women, Leiden: Martinus Nijhof, 2008. • Smythe, D. ‘Uncooperative systems: insights from South Africa’s attempts to deal with sexual violence’, in Faraldo Cabana and Iglesias Skulj (eds), Gender and Criminal Justice: An International Perspective, Genero y sistema penal: Una perspective internacional, Granada: Comaras, 2010. • Smythe, D. and Parenzee, P. ‘Acting against domestic violence’, in Dixon, W & Van der Spuy, E (eds), Justice gained? Crime and crime control in South Africa’s transition, Cape Town: Juta, 2004. Bibliography on Police and Policing Research in South Africa, 2000–2012 25 • Smythe, D. and Waterhouse, S. ‘Policing sexual offences: policies, practices and potential pitfalls’, in Artz and Smythe (eds), Should we consent? The politics of rape law reform in South Africa, Cape Town: Juta, 2008. • Smythe, D., Artz, L., Combrinck, H., Doolan, K. and Martin, L. ‘Caught between policy and practice: health & justice responses to gender- based violence’ in Van Niekerk, Suffla and Seedat (eds), Crime, Violence & Injury Prevention in South Africa: Data to Action, Tygerberg: Medical Research Council, 2008. • Van Graan, J. ‘An impact evaluation of the restructuring of the South African Police Services Family Violence, Child Protection and Sexual Offences Units: the case of the West Rand FCS Unit’. Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 25(1) (2012), 97-113. 25. POLICE AND VICTIMS OF CRIME • Artz, L. and Smythe, D. ‘South African legislation supporting victims’ rights’ in Davis, L. & Snyman, R. (eds), South African handbook on victimology, Pretoria: Van Schaiks, 2005. • Bruce, D. and Moran, M. Witnesses and victims: a guide for police on good practice. Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2006. • Burton, P. ‘Results of the National Youth Victimisation Study: easy prey’, SA Crime Quarterly, 16 (2006), 1-6. Available at: http://www. issafrica.org/uploads/CQ16 Burton.pdf • Burton, P., Du Plessis, A., Leggett, T., Louw, A., Mistry, D. and Van Vuuren, H. National victims of crime survey South Africa 2003, ISS Monograph, 101, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2003. Available at: http://www.issafrica. org/uploads/mono101web.pdf • Faull, A. and Mphuthing, P. ‘Victim support’ in Gould, C. (eds), Criminal (in)justice in South Africa: a civil society perspective, Institute for Security Studies, 2009. • Nel, J.A. and Judge, M. ‘Exploring homophobic victimisation in Gauteng, South Africa: issues, impacts and responses’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 21(3) (2008), 19-36. • Prinsloo, J. ‘The impact of victimization on fear of crime’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 19(2) (2006), 1-17. • Redpath, J. ‘Using data to make a difference: understanding crime through victimisation surveys’, SA Crime Quarterly, 32 (2010), 9-17. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/ crimehub/uploads/CQ32Redpath.Usingdata tomakeadifference.pdf • Schoeman, M. ‘Restoring the rights of victims of crime’, (editorial), Acta Criminologica, 25(1) (2012), 1-6. • Stewart, N. and Davis, L. ‘Victim’s experience after a retail robbery: an integrated model’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 16(3) (2003), 50-65. • Steyn, E. and Steyn, J. ‘Revictimisation of rape victims by the South African Police Service’, Acta Criminologica: CRIMSA Conference: Special Edition 1 (2008), 41-60. • Steyn, M.M. and Strydom, H. ‘A social work model for support to persons affected by crime in the North-West Province of South Africa’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(3) (2007), 21-31. 26. REGIONAL POLICING • Buur, L., Steffen, J. and Finn, S. (eds), The security-development nexus: expressions of sovereignty and securitization in Southern Africa, Uppsala and Cape Town: Nordic Africa Institute and Human Science Research Council, 2007. • Fouche, H. ‘Policing of piracy and armed robbery perpetrated against ships: the role of interstate partnerships in Africa’, Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 20(1) (2007), 110-122. • Hendricks, C. and Musavengana, T. The security sector in Southern Africa. Pretoria: ISS Monograph 174, 2010. Available at: http://www.iss africa.org/pgcontent.php?UID= 30492%2635 • Klaaren, J. and Ramji, J. ‘Inside illegality: migration policing in South Africa after apartheid’, Africa Today, 48(3) (2001), 35 -47. • Landau, L.B. and Hornburger, J. ‘Policing migration in South Africa: disinformation, development and accountability’, 2012. Available at: http://www.sidint.net/node/4407?quicktabs_ frontpage_tabs=0. • Lumina, C. ‘Police accountability and policing oversight mechanisms in the Southern African Development Community’, African Security Review, 15(1) (2006), 92-108. • Marks, M. and Fleming, J.‘Having a choice: the quest for democratic policing in Southern Africa’, Journal of Organisational Change Management, 21(4) (2008), 451-459. • Masiloane, D.T. ‘Dealing with an economic crisis: the difficulty of policing illegal immigrants in South Africa,’ South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 23(1) (2010), 39-54. • Mattes, R. ‘How does SA compare? Experiences of crime and policing in an African context’, SA Crime Quarterly, 18 (2006), 17-24. Available at: http://www.issafrica.org/uploads/CQ18 MATTES_2.PDF • Sinclair, I. and Matlala, M. ‘The use of technology and leadership in enhancing strategic cooperative policing within the SADC region’, International Journal of African Renaissance Studies, 6(1) (2011), 47-59. • Tait, S. and Van der Spuy, E. Cooperation and accountability in the cross-border policing of Southern Africa. Cape Town: APCOF and Centre of Criminology, University of Cape Town, 2010. • Van der Spuy, E. ‘Police Co-operation in the context of peacebuilding: observations from African quarters’ in Lemieux, F. (ed), International police cooperation: emerging issues, theory and practice, Willan Publishers, 2010. • Van der Spuy, E. and Lever, J. Crime prevention and community in Africa, Global Consortium on Security Transformation, Working Paper Series (6), 2010. 27. METHODOLOGY • Hübschle, A. and Van der Spuy, E. ‘Organised crime and law enforcement in Southern Africa: the challenges confronting research’. SADC Law Journal, 2(2) (2012), 319- 334. • Marks, M. ‘Policing ethnography’. Society in Transition, 33(3) (2003), 1-33. • Marks, M. ‘Researching police transformation: the ethnographic imperative’. The British Journal of Criminology, 44(6) (2004), 866-888. • Marks, M. ‘Dancing with the devil? Participatory action research with police in South Africa’. SA Crime Quarterly, 30 (2009), 27-34. Available online: http://www.issafrica. org/uploads/CQ30MARKS.PDF 28. POLICE BIOGRAPHIES • Brown, A. Street blues: the experience of a reluctant policeman. Cape Town: Zebra Press, 2008. • Blake, A. Moord en roof: in the kop van ’n baasspeurder. Cape Town: Tafelberg, 2013. • De Kock, E. (as told to Jeremy Gordon), A long night’s damage: working for the apartheid state. Contra Press, 1998. • Elsdon, A. D. The tall assassin. Parow: CTP Book Printers, 2009. • Engelbrecht, B. and Schnehage, M. A Christmas to remember. South Africa: Maskew Miller Longman, 1999. • Grove, W. Die padkaart van ’n speurder: my storie. Tygervallei: Naledi Books, 2012. • Howarth, N. War in peace: the truth about the South African Police’s East Rand Riot Unit 1986- 1994. Alberton, South Africa: Galago, 2012. • Klatzow, D. (as told to Sylvia Walker). Steeped in blood: the life and times of a forensic scientist. Cape Town: Zebra Press, 2010. • Potgieter, D. W. Total onslaught: apartheid’s dirty tricks exposed. Cape Town: Zebra Press, 2007. • Stadler, M.H.D. The other side of the story: a true perspective. Pretoria, South Africa: Sigma Press, 1997. • Van der Merwe, J.V. Trou tot die dood: die Suid- Afrikaanse Polisiemag. Dainfern, South Africa: Praag, 2010. • Wessels, P. J. Uit nood gebore: die voormalige Suid-Afrikaanse Polisie (SAP) se teen-insurgensie eenheid (TIN). South Africa: Publiself, 2009. 26 Institute for Security Studies