jUNIE 19^8 F I S I O T E R A P I E 23 (B ran ch N e w s continued) n o r t h e r n c a p e y\t a b ra n c h m e e tin g o n 18 A p ril, M iss P. v a n Kvvawegen w as e le c te d as J o u r n a l L ia is o n to re p la c e vfrs. M e lh u is , w h o h a s m o v e d to C a p e T o w n . M rs. q K. v an R e n s b u rg w as e le cte d as th e n e w B ra n ch S e c re ta ry a s M rs. F a r r e r w ill be a w a y o v e rse a s f o r a w hile. M iss G a s k e ll’s v is it a n d th e c o u rs e she g a v e w e re e n ­ jo y ed b y all. I t w as g ra tify in g to see c o u n try m e m b e rs su c h as E liz a b e th S w egers a n d K a y S n y m a n fro m M a p o g o n g a n d A n n a O b e rh o lz e r f r o m K le in z e e . W e lc o m e to J e n n y H o d g k is s a n d P . v a n K w aw eg e n , n e w ly q u a lifie d f r o m W its, as n ew m e m b e rs . ABSTRACTS Ashcroft, P . J., P reven tion and Treatm ent o f Injuries in D ista n ce R u nn ers. P h ysioth erap y Canada, 1978 30, 15-18. s T h is a rtic le d e als sp e c ifica lly w ith th e in d ire c t a n d Iro n ic o v e ru se in ju rie s e n c o u n te re d b y d ista n c e runners. T h e a u th o r has o b v io u s ly b e e n in flu e n ce d by Or. S u b o tn ik a n d th e p o d ia tr ic a p p r o a c h to th e s e injuries a n d feels th a t m a n y o f th e s e in ju rie s c o u ld be a re su lt o f b io m e c h a n ic a l fa u lts in th e fo o t. T h e in tr o d u c tio n d e als w ith th e stre ss p la c e d by distance ru n n in g o n n o t o n ly th e sk e letal sy ste m b u t also th e c irc u la to ry , r e s p ir a to r y a n d e x c re to ry system s. T ra in in g is defined as c o a x in g f r o m th e b o d y a se ries of c h an g e s b y a p p ly in g g ra d u a te d stress. T h e b a sic rules o f t r a in in g as g iv e n a re r e g u la r (d a ily ) tra in in g with f re q u e n t e asy o r re st d a y s; th e a m o u n t o f d a ily train in g sh o u ld n o t ex ceed o n e th ir d o f th e d is ta n c e or tim e t h a t th e ru n n e r e x p e c ts to ra c e ; a n d 95% o f the tra in in g is lo n g , slow d is ta n c e a n d th e re m a in in g 5% speed w o rk . T h e p h y sic a l a n d p h y sio lo g ic a l c h a ra c te ris tic s o f d istance ru n n e rs a r e d e sc rib e d . T h e n e ed f o r a n e x ­ cep tio n ally la rg e V 0 2 m a x im u m v a lu e is n o te d . R u n n e rs m ay a lso n eed to a lte r th e i r life sty le w ith re g a rd to diet, a lc o h o l c o n s u m p tio n a n d c ig a re tte sm o k in g . T h e fo llo w in g se c tio n d e a ls w ith th e c la ss ific a tio n o f in ju rie s (d ire c t, in d ire c t a n d c h r o n ic o v e ru se ) a n d w ith in ju rie s a t specific sites. T h e c a u s e o f e a c h in ju r y is described. T h e m o st c o m m o n fa c to rs seem to b e o v e r­ use, w ith in sufficient re st d a y s; in a d e q u a te f o o tw e a r; h io m e c h a n ic a l p ro b le m s o f th e fo o t a n d u n e q u a l leg- \ g t h s w h ic h p la c e a b n o r m a l stresses o n th e fo o t, ,n e e a n d h ip jo in ts ; a n d m u sc le im b a la n c e b e tw ee n a n te rio r a n d p o s t e r io r c o m p a rtm e n ts . T re a tm e n t m o d a litie s in c lu d e ice; c o m p re ss io n o v e r m uscle in ju rie s ; re lie v in g p re s s u re o v e r p a in f u l a re a s in th e fo o t b y u sin g s p o n g e -p a d s ; d ia d y n a m ic c u r re n t to re lie v e p a in ; stre tc h in g a n d stre n g th e n in g ex erc ises; and th e p re s c rip tio n o f e ith e r g o o d s u p p o rtiv e o r c o r­ rectiv e f o o tw e a r if n e ce ssa ry . W h e n re st is n e c e ssa ry , as in th e case o f stress fra c tu re s , sw im m in g a n d c y clin g a r e re c o m m e n d e d to m a in ta in c a rd io -v a s c u la r fitness. A n ti-in fla m m a to ry drugs m a y be p re s c rib e d , b u t h y d ro c o rtis o n e m u s t n e v e r be in je c te d in to a w e ig h t-b e a rin g te n d o n . P a in in th e l u m b a r re g io n is tre a te d c o n se rv a tiv e ly w ith in itia l b e d re st, a firm b e d , ice -p ac k s; p ro g re s s to gentle m o b ilis a tio n , a b d o m in a l e x erc ises a n d stre tc h in g exercises fo r th e e r e c to r s p in a e , h a m s trin g , g a s tro c ­ n e m iu s a n d ilio p s o a s m uscles. S h o u ld e r jo in t p a in is sa id to b e v a s c u la r in o rig in ; ra isin g th e a rm s a b o v e th e h e a d a lte rn a te ly w h e n ru n n in g w ill re lie v e th e p a in , s h o u ld it d e v elo p . T h e a rtic le p ro v id e s a n in te re s tin g o v e rv ie w o f th e to p ic , b u t is n o t v e ry specific. J. H ill R an k in e-W ilson , J: A gein g: W hat a b ilitie s are lost? A u stralian Journal o f P h ysioth erap y 1977, 23, 100 - 102. T h e a u th o r d is c re d its th e w id e ly -h e ld v iew th a t th e p a tte rn o f b e fu d d le d a n d rig id o ld a g e is d u e to th e age- re la te d d e te r io r a tio n o f th e b ra in , s u p p o s e d ly s ta rtin g a t 25 y e ars. She p o in ts o u t th a t th is v ie w is b a se d o n a stu d y o f te n b ra in s , tw o o f w h ic h w e re th o s e o f o ld p a tie n ts w h o h a d d ie d in a h o s p ita l fo r th e insane! She q u e s tio n s w h e th e r d e te r io r a tio n in levels o f p e rfo rm a n c e a re n o t, in fa ct, th e re su lts o f su c h fa c to rs as n u t r itio n ; g e n e ra l h e a lth ; I.Q .; e d u c a tio n a l level, p r e v io u s v o c a ­ tio n a n d m o tiv a tio n . T h e p h e n o m e n o n o f th e e a rly d e a th o f re c e n tly r e tire d p e o p le w h o lack a p u r p o s e in life is w ell k n o w n . T h e re su lts o f v a rio u s tests, p e r ­ fo rm e d o n g ro u p s o f o ld a n d y o u n g su b je c ts, a re d isc u sse d . T h e effects o f e x erc ise o n th e p h y sio lo g ic a l a n d p sy c h o lo g ic a l p e rfo rm a n c e s o f g e r ia tr ic p a tie n ts is d isc u sse d , a n d it is in te re s tin g to n o te th a t a c o n tro l g ro u p re c e iv in g th e sa m e so c ia l s tim u lu s b u t n o t th e e x e rc is e p ro g ra m m e d id n o t fa re as w ell as th o s e w ho did. T h e a u th o r fin a lly p o in ts o u t o u r re s p o n s ib ility in p ro m o tin g s tim u la tin g p r o p h y la c tic p r o g ra m m e s fo r th e e ld e rly — th u s m a k in g a v a lu a b le c o n tr i b u tio n to w a rd s th e i r im p ro v e d liv in g c o n d itio n s — a n d , u ltim a te ly , o u r o w n . T h is th o u g h t-p ro v o k in g a rtic le w ill b e o f in te re s t to all th o se w h o h a v e d e a lin g s w ith th e e ld e rly p a tie n t. H . C. W a tts P h ysioth erap y 1977, 63, 350 - 359. F iv e C ongress lectures on the su bject o f P h ysioth erap y in the C om m u nity. M . D . W a rre n , in h is le c tu re “T h e R ig h t T re a tm e n t in th e R ig h t P la c e ” o u tlin e s th e re a so n s f o r d e v e lo p in g C o m m u n ity C a re , a n d its p la n n in g a n d m a n a g e m e n t, w ith p a r ti c u la r e m p h a s is o n th e p h y s io th e ra p is t. H e a lso defines a b a s is o n w h ic h to e s ta b lis h th e p r i o r itie s of tre a tm e n t, a n d giv es p o in te rs to w a rd s p o s s ib le re se a rc h in th is field. T h e se c o n d le c tu re , “ P h y s io th e r a p y in th e C o m ­ m u n ity ” b y C. J. P a r tr id g e , d isc u sse s m o re fu lly th e ro le o f th e p h y s io th e ra p is t so e m p lo y e d . T h e th ir d one, “ C o m m u n ity P h y s io th e r a p y in W est B e r k s h ir e ” b y O. L. C la rk , d e sc rib e s th e p ro b le m s e n c o u n te re d in in itia tin g th is se rv ice , th e c o n s id e ra b le a d v a n ta g e s it h a s b ro u g h t to th e h o m e -b o u n d p a tie n t, a n d th e a d v is o ry ro le w h ic h th e p h y s io th e ra p is t u n d e rta k e s . T h e tw o final le c tu re s c o r ro b o r a te this. T h e s e a rtic le s w ill b e o f p a r ti c u la r v a lu e to th o se p h y s io th e ra p is ts e m p lo y e d in D a y H o s p ita ls , o r w h o , in th e c o u rs e o f d u ty , n e ed to v is it p a tie n ts in th e ir o w n h o m e . H . C. W atts. R ep ro du ce d by S ab in et G at ew ay u nd er li ce nc e gr an te d by th e P ub lis he r (d at ed 2 01 3. ) 24 P H Y S I O T H E R A P Y JUNE 1978 A bstracts (continued) South A frican M ed ical Journal, 1978, 53 (pp. 306 et seq & 319 et seq) C erebral P alsy — I s it P re ve n ta b le ? — L . J. A r e n s C erebral P alsy in C ape T o w n — A C o m p a r a tiv e T w e lv e - y e a r R e tr o s p e c tiv e S tu d y — L . J. A re n s, C. D . M o lte n o , S. R . M a rs h a ll, W . I. R o b e r ts o n , J. R o b k in . T h e in c id e n c e o f c e re b ra l p a ls y a m o n g c o lo u re d a n d w h ite s f o r th e tw o six -y e a r p e r io d s b e tw e e n 1964 a n d 1975 is c o m p a re d w ith re g a rd to a e tio lo g y a n d c h a n g in g in c id e n c e . T h e c o n d itio n s f o r b ir th a n d age o f r e fe rra l a re d isc u sse d a n d th e m a n y cau ses a re c le a rly c a te g o riz e d a n d se t o u t. I t is su g g e ste d th a t im p ro v e d o b s te tric a n d n e o n a ta l se rv ice s w ill b rin g d o w n th e h ig h in c id e n c e o f c e re b ra l p a lsy . T h e s e a rtic le s sh o u ld b e o f v a lu e to a ll p e rso n s in te re s te d in th ese c h ild re n , o r c o n c e rn e d w ith th e c o n d itio n in a n y w a y a t all. (M rs.) H . P. M a re e V raciu, Jean S. & R ob ert, A .: E ffectiven ess o f B reathing E xercises in P reven tin g P u lm onary C om p lication s F o llo w in g Open H eart Surgery. P h ysical Therapy 1977: 57, 1367 -1 3 7 1 . T h e a u th o r s d e s c rib e a stu d y d e sig n e d to test the e ffectiveness o f th is tre a tm e n t. P a tie n ts in th e e x p e ri­ m e n ta l g ro u p w e re d iv id e d in to h ig h - a n d lo w -risk su b je cts. A ll p a tie n ts w e re g iv en o n e p r e o p e ra tiv e te a c h in g se ssio n a n d tw ic e d a ily tre a tm e n t f o r f o u r d ays fo llo w in g e x tu b a tio n . T h e re su lts, p a r tic u la r ly in th e h ig h -ris k p a tie n ts , w e re fo u n d to fu lly ju s tify th e tre a tm e n t: It w as o f p a r ti c u la r in te re s t to n o te th a t th is fo rm o f tre a tm e n t w as o b se rv e d to b e f a r less tra u m a tic th a n p o s tu ra l d ra in a g e a n d p e rc u ss io n . T h e fin d in g s a re well s u b s ta n tia te d . H . C. W a tts T H E S O U T H A F R I C A N SO C IE T Y O F P H Y S IO T H E R A P Y President M R . JA M E S J. C R A IG V ice-P residents P R O F E S S O R T . L. S A R K I N P R O F E S S O R L. S O L O M O N D R . L. V A N D E R M E R W E P R O F E S S O R J. P. V A N V U R E N P R O F E S S O R F . Z I A D Y H on orary L ife President P R O F E S S O R B. B R O M IL O W -D O W N IN G H on orary L ife V ice-P resid en ts M IS S L O IS D Y E R M IS S J E A N B L A IR M R . A . R O T H B E R G C h a irm a n M R S . K . M . L E V Y Im m ediate P ast-C hairm an M IS S M A R G A R E T E M S L IE V ice-C h airm en M R S . A . M A T H IA S M IS S E . M . B O T T IN G G en eral Secretary: A ll c o rre s p o n d e n c e to P .O . Box 11151, J o h a n n e s b u rg 2000. G e n e r a l T r e a s u r e r : M IS S N . H . B A IN E S . Journal E d itor: M rs. N . G I L D E R , 8 C lee R oad. O b s e rv a to ry , C a p e 7925. M in u te Secretary: M R S. J. W ELLS. N a tio n a l E x e cu tiv e C om m ittee: M iss P . B o w e rb an k , M rs. F . G la u b e r , M rs. N . L e n n a rd , M rs. A. M c F a rla n e , M iss L. P r e to r iu s , M rs. S. K e a y s. A p p oin tm en ts In form ation Secretary: M iss P risc illa B lak e , S o u th A f r ic a n S o c ie ty o f P h y s io th e ra p y , P.O. B o x 11151, J o h a n n e s b u rg . B R A N C H S E C R E T A R IE S Border (East L on d on ): M rs. P . R . M o r a r , P .O . Bi| 1419, E a s t L o n d o n 5201. Eastern P ro v in c e (P ort E lizab eth ): M iss H . S m ith , 1404 O a s im N o r th , H a v e lo c k S tre e t, P o r t E liz a b e th 6001. G old field s (W elk om ): M iss R . G e rm is h u y s , P .O . Box 1515, W e lk o m 9460. N a ta l C oastal (D urban): M iss M . H u d s o n , 116 H illc o n T o w e rs , U m h la n g a R o c k s 4320. N a ta l M id lan d s (P ieterm aritzburg): M rs. A . L ondt, 54 M o ss P la c e , M o n tro s e , P ie te r m a r itz b u r g 3201. N orth ern C ape (K im b erley): M rs. P. L. F a r r e r , 4 R o u se R o a d , W e s t E n d , K im b e rle y 8301. N o r th e rn T ransvaal (Pretoria): M iss Y . v a n d e r M ast, P .O . B o x 27804, S u n n y s id e , P r e to r ia 0132. S.O .F .S . (B lo em fo n tein ): M e j. A . B. P r e to r iu s , p /a M a r tie d u P le ssiss k o o l, D u P lo o y s in g e l 91, Pk. D r u s a n a , B lo e m fo n te in 9301. Sou thern T ransvaal (Johannesburg): M rs. S. C a d m a n , P .O . B o x 775, R iv o n ia , J o h a n n e s b u rg 2128. W estern P ro v in c e (C ape T ow n ): M iss M . S. U ys, D e ­ p a r tm e n t o f P h y s io th e ra p y , P .O . B o x 63, T yger- b e rg — C a p e 7505. A. C. MILLER & CO. ORTHOPAEDIC MECHANICIANS V Technicians registered with S.A. Medical and Dental Council specialising in the following: ORTHOPAEDIC APPLIANCES, SURGICAL CORSETS, CERVICAL COLLARS, CHILDREN’S SHOES AND BOOTS, ARTIFICIAL LIMBS, LATEST IN PLASTIC MODIFICATION. HIRING A N D SELLING OF HOSPITAL EQUIP­ MENT AN D SICK ROOM REQUISITES, e.g. WHEEL CHAIRS, COMMODES, HOSPITAL BEDS, W ALKING AIDS, TRACTION APPARATUS, etc. 9 Telephone P.O. Box 3412 23-2496 275 Bree Street Johannesburg R ep ro du ce d by S ab in et G at ew ay u nd er li ce nc e gr an te d by th e P ub lis he r (d at ed 2 01 3. )