January- 1955. P H Y S I O T H E R A P Y Page Five

An O u tl ine of the History of th e  National Council for 
th e  Care of Cripples in South Africa.

B y  P H Y L L I S  L E A C H .

r  ORD N UFFIE LD  in 1937 made a gift to South Africa 
\ j  of £100,000 to stimulate the interest o f provincial and 
Union Government departments as well as public and 
m-ivate bodies into the realisation o f the urgent needs of 
the cripples in this country. So after an initial survey by 
his representatives, it was realized that such a large sum 
of money had to be judiciously directed into the right 
channels, and wisely spent, and that a co-ordinating and 
advisory body was required. At that time there was only 
a small active Cripple Care Association in the Cape and a 
voluntary body in the Free State, and the Johannesburg 
Committees o f the Hope Homes in the Transvaal. The 
Cripple Care Association o f the Cape Province agreed to 
call a conference o f interested bodies, persons and depart­
ments in Cape Town in 1939 which resulted in the birth 
of the National Council for the Care of Cripples in South 
Africa, in Bloemfontein in September o f that year.

The following are the aims and the objects o f the Council:
1. To ensure a national service for cripples.
2 To co-ordinate and correlate the work of the different 

Associations, departments and institutions engaged 
or intersted in this work.

3 To encourage associations already undertaking the 
care o f cripples and assist in forming new associations 
when and where necessary.

4. To formulate policies and to promote and support 
measures for the early discovery and the prompt and 
efficient treatment o f children and others who might 
become cripples.
To promote schemes, for the treatment, education, 
training and employment and general welfare o f cripples. 
To be the official channel for communication in matters 
o f general policy between constituent bodies, the 
Government and Provincial authorities.
To act as an advisory body on all matters appertaining 
to the care of cripples.
To co-operate with the international organisations 
whose aims are similar to those o f the Council, and, if 
deemed advisable, to affiliate with such organisations. 
Generally to concern itself with all matters and questions 
relating to the care o f cripples, and the prevention o f 
cripples throughout the Union, South-West Africa, 
Basutoland, Bechuanaland Protectorate and Swaziland. 

When Council was created there were only 3 orthopaedic 
surgeons in the Union. There were no nurses trained in 
orthopaedics and scarcely any qualified orthopaedic tech­
nicians.

How different things are to-day! There are now well on 
50 qualified orthopaedic surgeons while a number are still

6.

7.

8

9.

For the relief of 
Osteoarthritis
Recent reports suggest that increased use is being 
made o f local ultra-violet irradiation in rheumatic 
diseases, and in the words o f  one writer “It is unusual 
for a patient suffering from osteoarthritis to fail to 
obtain relief from a course o f local ultra-violet 
irradiations follow ed by suitable exercises.” Power­
ful doses are necessary and the use o f the Kromayer 
lamp is therefore indicated.

Full d eta ils o f  this equ ipm ent can be o b ta in ed  f r o m :

THE  B R I T I S H  
GE NERAL ELE CT RI C CO. L TD .
Magnet House, Corner of Loveday and Anderson Streets, 

Johannesburg.

Branches at Durban, Cape Town, Natal.

Agents for HANOVIA OF ENG LAND.
M 2 1 3 / 6 1

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Page Six P H Y S I O T H E R A P Y January, 1955.

in t r a i n i n g ;  s o m e  40 n u r se s h a v e  been  p r o v i d e d  wi th  
o r t h o p a e d i c  t r a i n i n g  in th e U-mon a n d  s o m e  h a v e  been 
s e n t o v e r s e a s ,  a n d  a s  we all k n o w ,  t e c h n i c i a n s  a r e  n o w  
very m u c h  o n  th e j o b .  T h e  C o u n c i l  pl ays  t h e  m a j o r  role 
in c o - o r d i n a t i n g  t h e  o r t h o p a e d i c  se rvices in t h e  U n i o n  
a n d  S o u t h  Wes t A f r i c a  w hi ch  i n cl u de s t h e m a t t e r  o f  p e r ­
s o n n e l  a n d  th e ph y sic al , p s y c h o l o g ic a l  a n d  e c o n o m i c  
r e h a b i l i t a t i o n  o f  t h e  h a n d i c a p p e d — a n d  t h e  h a b i t a t i o n  
o f  c h i l d r e n .  T h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  h a s  h elp ed  t o  i n t r o d u c e  
o r  su b s i d i z e  a l m o s t  ever y a s p e c t  o f  o r t h o p a e d i c  w o r k .  
It h a s  p r o v i d e d  b u r s a r i e s  for  p o s t g r a d u a t e  s t u d i e s  in m a n y  
b r a n c h e s , i n c l u d i n g  o n e  f o r  a  p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t .

T h e  C o u n c i l  b r o u g h t  sist er  t u t o r s  f r o m  o v e r s e a s  to tr ai n  
n u r s e s  in o r t h o p a e d i c  w o r k .

T h e r e  a r e  a fairly full r a n g e  o f  o r t h o p a e d i c  services in 
all o u r  cities a n d  la r ge r  t o w n s , a n d  C o u n c i l  w i t h  its local 
C r i p p l e  C a r e  A s s o c i a t i o n s  h a s  s u c ce ed ed  in o r g a n i s i n g  
a n d  s u b s i d i z i n g  c e r t a i n  a s p e c t s  o f  cli ni cal  se rvices wh ich  
a r e  n o w  e x t e n d i n g  i n t o  th e l u r a l  d i s t r i c t s :  t h e  first o n e  
w as  o p e n e d  at  W o l m a r a n s t a d  in t h e  S o u t h e r n  T r a n s v a a l  
in 1950— o t h e r s  h a v e  f o llo w ed  b o t h  in t h e  T r a n s v a a l  a n d  
o t h e r  P ro vi nc es.

It is t h e  e a r n e s t  a i m  o f  t h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  t o  link up  
th e s e  c e n t r e s  in a v e r i t a b l e  n e t w o r k  t h a t  s p r e a d s  t h r o u g h  
t h e  l eng th  a n d  b r e a d t h  o f  t h e  l a n d  w h e r e  n e e d e d  so t h a t  
ever y di sa b le d  m a n ,  w o m a n  o r  child w h o  c a n  be h elp ed  
t h r o u g h  o r t h o p a e d i c s  m a y  receive t h e  benefit o f  thi s s p e ci al i­
sed m e d i c a l  t r e a t m e n t .

T h e  te n d e n c y  fo r  th e fo o t to  dro p  (th e  in a b ility  to  r a ise  (h e  
fr o n t o f  (h e  fo o t  a t w ill) is o ff s e t by th e c o n tr a c tio n  o f  th e 
s p r in g s , th u s a s s is t in g  s ta ir -c lim b in g — th e la tt e r  is p r a c tised  
a s  a fo r m  o f  e x e r c is e  in  th e p h y sio th e r a p y  d e p a r tm en t.

T h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  is e a g e r  for  ever y p e r s o n  suff ering  
f r o m  a p h y si c a l  h a n d i c a p  t o  be r e h a b i l i t a t e d  if t h a t  is n o t  
b e y o n d  h u m a n  skill so t h a t  h e — o r  sh e— b e c o m e s  i n d e ­
p e n d e n t  a n d  en jo y s his o r  h er  r i g h tf u l  p l a c e  in soc iety 
a n d  is a n  as se t to t h e  sta te.

T h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  a c t s  as  a  s o u r c e  o f  i n f o r m a t i o n  
o n  all k i n d s  o f  p r o b l e m s ,  a n d  it k e e p s  in clo s e t o u c h  wit h 
o v e r s e a s  m o v e m e n t s  t h a t  a r e  e n g a g e d  in si m i l a r  w o r k .

N e e d l e s s  to say , t h e  t e a m  o f  w o r k e r s ,  r e q u i r e d  t o  r e s t o r e  
t h e  c r ip pl e,  d e p e n d e n t  u p o n  his c o n d i t i o n ,  is t h e  o r t h o ­
p a e d i c  s u r g e o n ,  t h e  o r t h o p a e d i c  a n d  ge n e r a l  n u r se s , the 
p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t ,  t h e  o c c u p a t i o n a l  t h e r a p i s t ,  of t e n  th e 
p sy c h o l o g is t , t h e  e d u c a t i o n i s t ,  t h e  so ci al w o r k e r  a n d  t h e 
vas t t e a m  o f  v o l u n t a r y  w o r k e r s  b e h i n d  " C r i p p l e  C a r e ” 
b o t h  in p r a c t i c a l  w o r k  wit h cr i p p l es , in c o m m i t t e e s  a n d  
in fu n d -r ai si n g .

N o w  th i s m a gn if ic en t s u m  c o n t r i b u t e d  by L o r d  Nuffield 
w as  a l l o c a t e d  a n d  e a r - m a r k e d  o u t  t o  t h e  v a r i o u s  p r o v i n c e s  
a n d  h a v i n g  h elp ed  t o  lay a b r o a d  f o u n d a t i o n — t h e “ b u i l d i n g "  
h a d  t o  go  o n  a n d  se rv ic es  i m p l e m e n t e d  a n d  m a i n t a i n e d .

T h e  n ew ly  f o r m e d  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  c o u l d  n o t  live o n  
t h e  Nu ffield gi ft — it h a d  to de v is e a m e a n s  o f  g a i n i n g  f u n d s  
t o  m a i n t a i n  itself a n d  t o  f u r t h e r  t h e  w-ork o f  “ C r i p p l e  C a r e ” 
in S o u t h  Af rica.

T o  th i s e n d  in 1944 its first E a s t e r  S t a m p  C a m p a i g n  
w a s  l a u n c h e d ,  o n  a sm all  scale, a s  a tr ial, a n d  rai sed  th e 
m o d e s t  s u m  o f  £7,000.

It w as  a  s t a r t — a n d  sinc e t h o s e  ea rl y d a y s  t h e  o r g a n i s a t i o n  
h a s  g r o w n  ste adi ly a n d  stu r d i l y . It is o p e r a t e d  by a nu cl eu s 
o f  p a i d  s t a ff  to e n s u r e  c o n t i n u i t y  a n d  st a bi li ty , b u t  this 
s t a ff  ga i n s t h e  s u p p o r t  o f  t h o u s a n d s  o f  v o l u n t a r y  w o r k e r s  
eve ry  y e a r  t o  c a r r y  o u t  t h e  w i d e s c o p e  o f  its w o r k .

It will m a k e  i n t e r e s t i n g  r e a d i n g  t o  n o t e  t h a t  as  e a r l y  as  
M a r c h  1946— t h e  S o u t h  A f r i c a n  S o c i e t y  o f  P h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s  
u n a n i m o u s l y  a g r e e d  at  a c o n f e r e n c e  in C a p e  T o w n  to 
of fer  its he lp  w it h t h e  E a s t e r  S t a m p  F u n d — a n d  c o n v e y e d  
this de c i s i o n  wi th  a n  ex p r e s s i o n  o f  g o o d  wish es  f o r  success. 
Sinc e t h a t  t i m e  P h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s  all o v e r  t h e  U n i o n  ha v e 
" d o n e  t h e i r  b i t ” fo r th e E a s t e r  S t a m p  F u n d ,  a n d  in J o h a n ­
n e s b u r g  in p a r t i c u l a r  t h e i r  c o n t r i b u t i o n  o f  se rv ic e t o  th e 
E a s t e r  S t a m p  F u n d  h as  been  o u t s t a n d i n g .

T h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  on  b e h a l f  o f  all c r i p p l e s  in o u r  
l a n d  t a k e s  this o p p o r t u n i t y  o f  t h a n k i n g  all P h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s  
f o r  th i s s u p p o r t ,  in H E L P I N G  C R I P P L E S  T O  H E L P  
T H E M S E L V E S . ”

It will n o t  be a m i s s  h er e t o  o u t l i n e  an i n t e r e s t i n g  c a s e —  
let us call h e r  M a r g e r y — w h o  m a y  no t  ha v e been a b l e  to 
h a v e  re cei ved  m o d e r n  m e t h o d s  o f  t r e a t m e n t  h a d  it no t  been 
f o r  t h e  e ar ly  a n d  c o n t i n u i n g  ef forts o f  t h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  
f o r  t h e  C a r e  o f  Cr i p p l es .

M a r g e r y  w as  s t r i c k e n  by illness w h e n  sh e w'as in a 
n o r t h e r n  t e r r i t o r y  wi th  h er  h u s b a n d .  T h i s  h a p p e n e d  
t w o  y e a r s  a g o  o n  N o v e m b e r  1st. S h e  w as  t r e a t e d  by a 
local d o c t o r  f o r  fib rositis . a n d  la te r  f o r  a n e r v o u s  b r e a k ­
d o w n  unt il  in d u e  c o u r s e  t h e  d o c t o r  d i a g n o s e d  h er  t r o u b l e  
a s  P o l i o m y e l it i s  a n d  s h e  w as  f o r t h w i t h  c a r r i e d  in a  st r e t c h e r  
to a p l a n e  a n d  flown t o  a l ar ge h o s p i t a l  in S o u t h  A f r i c a  
w h e r e  sh e w as  p la ce d  in th e fe ver w a r d .

W h e n  t h e  fever di ed  d o w n  s h e  w as  co n f i n e d  to h e r  bed, 
c o m p l e t e l y  flat o n  h e r  ba ck .

P h y s i o t h e r a p y  was  e m p l o y e d  a t  this st a g e  t o  w hi ch  she 
r e s p o n d e d  very well in d ee d ,  a n d  h er  c o - o p e r a t i o n  a n d  
r es u lt s g a i n e d  f o r  h e r  t h e  title o f  t h a t  h o s p i t a l ’s " s t a r  
p a t i e n t . ” T h e  o r t h o p a e d i c  su r g e o n  u n d e r  w h o s e  c a r e  
she wa s,  p r e d i c t e d  t h a t  d e s p i te  t h e  s e r i o u s n e s s  o f  t he  a t t a c k ,  
s h e  w o u l d  m a k e  a  v er y g o o d  re co v er y.

M a r g e r y  is a p e r s o n  o f  c o u r a g e  a n d  d e t e r m i n a t i o n  a n d  
sh e m u s t  be given c r e d i t  f o r  h e r  p e r s e v e r a n c e :  sh e p u t  
ev er y  o u n c e  o f  h e r s e l f  in to  thi s i m p o r t a n t  m a t t e r  o f  tr y in g  
t o  get well so t h a t  s h e  g av e t h e  fullest c o - o p e r a t i o n  to th e

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January, 1955. P H Y S I O T H E R A P Y Page Seven

A  L E T T E R  T O  T H E  E D I T O R .

A p r o p o s  o f  t h e  p r e c e d i n g  a r t i c l e — I, as  y o u r  S o c i e t y ’s 
P r e s i d e n t ,  w o u l d  like to u r g e  ever y p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t  in 
S o u t h  A f r i c a  to c a r r y  o u t  o u r  P h y s i o t h e r a p y  C o n f e r e n c e  
r e s o l u t i o n  o f  1946 t o  lend ever y a s s i s t a n c e  to t h e  E a s t e r  
S t a m p  F u n d ,  h o w  a n d  w h e r e v e r  p os s i b l e d u r i n g  its a n n u a l  
c a m p a i g n ,  w h i c h  lasts f o r  se v era l wee ks , f r o m  M a r c h  1st 
e a c h  year.

F o r  t h e  benefit o f  t h o s e  m e m b e r s  not  re si d e n t  in 
J o h a n n e s b u r g  t h e  f o l lo w in g  w as  t h e  p r o c e d u r e  we  a d o p t e d  
h er e:

W e  c o n v e n e d  a t a b l e  at  a  p r o m i n e n t  s h o p  c o r n e r  a n d  
a t  T a t t e r s a l s ,  f o r  th e 2 we eks .

P h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s  in p r i v a t e  pr a c t i c e  sold E a s t e r  S t a m p s  
in t h e i r  t r e a t m e n t  r o o m s ,  a n d  t h o s e  e m p l o y e d  in ho sp i t al s , 
in J o h a n n e s b u r g  a n d  t h e  Reef, also  di d  t h e i r  fa ir  sh a re .

1 h a v e  a l w a y s been  very p r o u d  o f  t h e a m o u n t  t h u s  
co ll ec te d f o r  th i s w o r t h y  c a u s e  a n d  I t h a n k  t h e  S o u t h e r n  
T r a n s v a a l  b r a n c h  m e m b e r s  a n d  t h e  U n i v e r s t i y  P h y s i o t h e r a p y  
s t u d e n t s  f o r  s u p p o r t i n g  m e so loyally, a n d  h e l p i n g  m e w it h  
t h e  E a s t e r  S t a m p  C a m p a i g n ,  as th ey  a lw ay s h a v e  d o n e .  
I w a n t ,  al s o t o  t h a n k  all t h o s e  p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s , t h r o u g h o u t  
t h e  U n i o n ,  w h o  h a v e  h o n o u r e d  o u r  C o n f e r e n c e  r e s o l u t i o n .

1 c o m m e n d  t h e  E a s t e r  S t a m p  F u n d  to y o u — be c a u s e  
1 h av e been  y o u r  r e p r e s e n t a t i v e  o n  t h e  N a t i o n a l  C o u n c i l  
f o r  t h e  C a r e  o f  C r i p p l e s  f o r  1.4 y ea r s,  a n d  t h e r e f o r e  h a v e  
first h a n d  k n o w l e d g e  o f  t h e  vital w o r k  b ei n g c a r r i e d  o u t  by 
C o u n c i l  a n d  its C r i p p l e  C a r e  A s s o c i a t i o n s ,  in H E L P I N G  
C R I P P L E S  T O  H E L P  T H E M S E L V E S .

Y o u r s  tr uly ,
S U S I E  O O S T H U 1 S E N ,  

c / o  M r .  A. N i c k ,  P r e s i d e n t :  S .A .S .P .
P .O .  Bo x  6880,

J o h a n n e s b u r g .
6 th  J a n u a r y , 1955.

W h en  th e le g  is e x te n d e d , and th e  to e  pu sh ed  d o w n w a rd , 
on to  th e  flo o r , it b r in g s th e  sp r in g  in to  p la y , s o  th a t th is 
m o v e m e n t n e c e s s ita te s  u sin g  th e  m u sc le s  a g a in s t r e s is ta n c e , 

w ith  r e s u lta n t s tr e n g th e n in g .

o r t h o p a e d i c  s u r g e o n ,  t h e  n u r se s a n d  t h e  p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s :  
t he  will t o  b e  well is h a l f  t h e  b a t t l e  w o n  . .

M a r g e r y  was  t r e a t e d  by p h y s i o t h e r a p y  at  t h e  h o s p i t a l  unt il  
J u n e ,  1954, w h e n  sh e t o o k  a p o st  as  a D o c t o r ’s re ce p t i o n i st . 
H e r  righ t leg is a l m o s t  as  g o o d  as  ev er  it wa s,  but  her  left 
f oo t h as  n o t  t h e  m o v e m e n t  it s h o u l d  h a v e :  it is still d r o p p e d  
a n d  a l t h o u g h  sh e w e a r s  no  ca l i p er ,  s h e  still c a r r ie s  a  stick 
to help  h er  to k e e p  h er  b a l a n c e  a n d  to give h er  a c o m f o r ­
t a b l e  fe eling o f  se cu rit y.  S h e  will c o n t i n u e  wit h p h y s i o ­
t h e r a p y  t r e a t m e n t s  t wi ce a  day.

M a r g e r y  h a s  been to ld  t h a t  m o v e m e n t  will r e t u r n  t o  t h e  
d r o p p e d  f o o t  in t h e c o u r s e  o f  ti m e, a n d  b e c a u s e  sh e h a s  
o b t a i n e d  su ch  r e w a r d i n g  re sul ts so f ar  sh e is d e t e r m i n e d  
t o  see t h e  t h i n g  t h r o u g h  t o  t h e  en d  w h e n  h er  f oo t is as 
m o b i l e  a s  sc ience c a n  m a k e  it.

M a r g e r y  is m o s t  g r a t e fu l  f o r  t h e  help t h a t  sh e received 
f r o m  t h e  o r t h o p a e d i c  sp e ci al ist s w h o  a t t e n d e d  to her, 
th e s u r g e o n , t h e  n u r se s ,  t h e  p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t  a n d  t h e  t e c h ­
n i ci an s . A s  is o f t e n  t h e  c a s e  a p p l i a n c e s  a r e  m a d e  g o o d  use 
of, a n d  t h e  a c c o m p a n y i n g  p h o t o s  i l l u s t r a t e  t h e  use o f  a 
ve ry  use ful  spri ng.

W e  in S o u t h  A f r i c a  o w e  a g r e a t  d eal  t o  t h e  N a t i o n a l  
C o u n c i l  f o r  t h e  C a r e  o f  C r i p p l e s  a n d  its local C r i p p l e  
C a r e  A s s o c i a t i o n s  f o r  it is this vast o r g a n i s a t i o n  t h a t  h as  
d o n e  so m u c h  t o  h el p  b r i n g  o r t h o p a e d i c  se rvices to its 

p r e s e n t  st a g e  a s  y o u  h a v e  a l r e a d y  n o t e d .

When Ionization
is in dicated . . . 

Im a d y l U n c t io n  R o c h e '
is the substance of choice.

C o n t a i n i n g  1 %  h i s t a m m e - d i h y d r o c h l o r i d e  
i t  will p r o d u c e  l o c a l  e ff e c ts  o n l y  a n d  

w ill n o t  c a u s e  g e n e r a l  v a s o d i l a t i o n .

Im ad yl ‘R o c h e ’ is free ly  avail ab le 
a g a in  from

lU id iu d  JfisM JH itw sh
Specialists for Physical Medicine Appliances 

P.O. Box 3 3 7 8  JO H A N N E S B U R G  Telephone 2 3 -8 1 0 6  

2 3 6 , JEPPE STREET

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