physiotherapy, Septem ber 1983, vol 39, no 3 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS 55 P r e s id e n t ’s address to the Fifteenth M eeting o f the N ation al C oun cil o f the S outh A frican S ociety o f P h ysiotherapy held in B loem fon tein on 1 July 1983 It is m y pr iv ile ge t o a d d r e s s y o u a s y o u r P r e s i d e n t a t thi s Fiftee nth M e e t i n g o f th e N a t i o n a l C o u n c i l . T h e s e M e e t i n g s -ire the m il es to n es in the H i s t o r y o f o u r S oci ety a n d P ro f e s s i o n ■md the d e c i s i o n s t h a t y o u will t a k e t o - d a y m a y h a v e far re ach in g effects in th e f u t u r e . As r e g i st e r e d p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s y o u will all b e a w a r e t h a t the T h i r d P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d f o r P h y s i o t h e r a p y w as e l e c t e d •it the e n d o f M a r c h o f t h is y e a r . T h e m e m b e r s t o o k of fi ce o n ) M a y a n d will r e m a i n in of fice u nt i l 30 A p r i l 1988. T h e P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d s a r e s t a t u t o r y b o d i e s w h i c h a r e an integral p a r t o f t h e S o u t h A f r i c a n M e d i c a l a n d D e n t a l C o u n c i l . T h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l in its p r e s e n t f o r m w a s ’st a b lis h ed u n d e r A ct 13 o f 1928 in M a y o f t h a t y e a r w h e n it took o v e r th e f u n c t i o n s o f t h e f o u r P r o v i n c i a l M e d i c a l C o u n c i l s . T h e p r e s e n t C o u n c i l c o n s i s t s o f 34 m e m b e r s elected f o r a p e r i o d o f five ye ar s. T h e s e in cl u d e: 1. T h e D i r e c t o r o f H e a l t h a n d W el f a r e . 2. T e n p e r s o n s a p p o i n t e d by t h e M i n i s t e r o f H e a l t h a n d W e l f a r e , o n e o f w h o m m u s t be a C h a i r m a n o f a P ro f es si o n al B o a r d . 3. A D i r e c t o r o f H o s p i t a l Ser vice s. 4. F o u r m e d i c a l p r a c t i t i o n e r s a n d o n e d e n t i s t f r o m th e U ni ve rs it ie s w i t h M e d i c a l a n d D e n t a l F a c u l t i e s . 5. A m e d i c a l o r d e n t a l p r a c t i t i o n e r a p p o i n t e d b y th e C ol leg e o f M e d i c i n e o f S o u t h Af ric a. 6. A n u r s e a n d a p h a r m a c i s t a p p o i n t e d by t h e i r r e sp ec tiv e C o u n c il o r B o a r d . T h e Ful l C o u n c i l u s u a l l y m e e t s t wi ce a y e a r a n d in t he inter im its w o r k is c a r r i e d o u t by t he v a r i o u s S t a n d i n g C o m m i t t e e s wi t h t h e a s s i s t a n c e o f t h e R e g i s t r a r a n d his S t a f f who a r e r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n . O n e o f thes e S t a n d i n g C o m m i t t e e s is th e S u p p l e m e n t a r y H eal th Services C o m m i t t e e w h i c h w a s first c o n v e n e d in 1945 a n d d e a l t w i t h all m a t t e r s p e r t a i n i n g to t h e p a r a m e d i c a l disciplines u n d e r t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e C o u n c i l . D u r i n g t h e ni net een sixties , h o w e v e r , it b e c a m e i n c r e a s i n g l y m o r e o b vi ou s t h a t t h e P r o f e s s i o n a l G r o u p s i n v o l v e d in thi s C o m m i t t e e s h o u l d h a v e m o r e c o n t r o l o v e r t h e i r o w n ^ p r o f e s s i o n s . T h e c o n c e p t o f P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d s w a s f o r m u l a t e d by t he t h e n C h a i r m a n o f t h e a b o v e C o m m i t t e e , P ro f e s so r B r o m i l o w - D o w n i n g a n d M r . W i l l e m B a r n a r d who w as th e R e g i s t r a r o f t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l a t t h e ti m e . It was at t h e i r i n s t i g a t i o n t h a t in 1971 t h e M e d i c a l a n d D e n t a l A m e n d m e n t Act m a d e p r o v i s i o n fo r th e P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a rd s . T h e p r o f e s s i o n o f P h y s i o t h e r a p y p a y s t r i b u t e t o t h e s e 2 s t a l w a r t s a n d will a l w a y s be g r a t e f u l t o t h e m . As y o u ar e a w a r e , P r o f e s s o r B r o m i l o w - D o w n i n g w a s P r e s i d e n t o f o u r S o c i e t y f o r t e n y e a r s a n d w as a m e m b e r o f o u r P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d u n t i l hi s u n t i m e l y d e a t h in 1980. H is wi se co u n s e l a n d i n f lu e n ce is still b e i n g m iss ed . T h e fi rst P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d , t h a t o f P h y s i o t h e r a p y , w as e s t a b l i s h e d in 1973 a n d p r o v i d e d a p a t t e r n f o r t h e o t h e r B o a r d s w h i c h f o l l o w e d suit. T h i s B o a r d c o n s i s t s o f n in e m e m b e r s , six o f w h o m a r e re g i s t e r e d p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s el ect ed by t h e r e g i s t e r e d m e m b e r s o f o u r p r o f e s s i o n a n d t h r e e m e m b e r s a p p o i n t e d by t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l , t w o o f w h o m ar e m e m b e r s o f C o u n c i l a n d o n e a m e m b e r w h o h a s p a r t i c u l a r k n o w l e d g e o f p h y s i o t h e r a p y . All t h e m e m b e r s ar e a p p o i n t e d f o r five y e a r s a n d t h e C h a i r m a n is c h o s e n by t h e m e m b e r s at th e I n a u g u r a l M e e t i n g . T h e r e a r e n o w f o u r t e e n P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d s a n d the ac t i v i t i e s o f t h e s e B o a r d s a r e r e p o r t e d by t h e C h a i r m a n to the m e e t i n g s o f th e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l . D u r i n g t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f e a c h R e p o r t , th e C h a i r m a n b e c o m e s a full m e m b e r o f C o u n c i l . H e m a y a d d r e s s t he C o u n c i l c o n c e r n i n g a n y m a t t e r d e a l t w i t h in t h e R e p o r t a n d exe r c i se hi s v o t i n g ri gh ts . In thi s w ay , m a n y i m p o r t a n t issues h a v e b e e n b r o u g h t t o the a t t e n t i o n o f t h e C o u n c i l a n d f r a n k d i s c u s s i o n s h a v e r e s u l t e d in s a t is f a c t o r y s o l u t i o n s b e i n g f o u n d f o r o t h e r w i s e a p p a r e n t l y i n s u r m o u n t a b l e p r o b l e m s . O n e o f t h e m a i n f u n c t i o n s o f th e P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d is to p r o m o t e h i g h s t a n d a r d s o f p r o f e s s i o n a l e d u c a t i o n a n d all t r a i n i n g s o f f e r e d by c e n t r e s in t h i s c o u n t r y a n d a b r o a d ar e s t u d i e d b e f o r e a n y r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s r e g a r d i n g r e g i s t r a t i o n a r e c o n s i d e r e d . M a y I st r e s s h e r e t h a t t h e a s s i s t a n c e o f the S oc ie ty t h r o u g h its R e g i s t r a t i o n C o m m i t t e e is c o n s t a n t l y s o u g h t b e f o r e a n y r e c o m m e n d a t i o n is m a d e b y t h e B o a r d to t he M e d i c a l C o u n c i l . T h e p r e s e n t lists o f r e g i s t r a b l e q u a l i ­ f i c a t i o n s w e r e c a r e f u l l y c h e c k e d b y t h e S o c i e t y b e f o r e b e i n g s u b m i t t e d by th e B o a r d to t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l a n d the M i n i s t e r o f H e a l t h f o r p r o m u l g a t i o n in t h e G o v e r n m e n t G a z e t t e . A n o t h e r i m p o r t a n t f u n c t i o n is t o p r o m o t e h i g h s t a n d a r d s o f p r o f e s s i o n a l c o n d u c t a n d i n q u i r i e s m a y b e m a d e i n t o a n y c o m p l a i n t , c h a r g e o r a l l e g a t i o n a g a i n s t a p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t . If c o n s i d e r e d n e c e s s a ry a d i s c i p l i n a r y i n q u i r y m a y b e h e l d in Contents - Inhoud . . 65 73, 76 74, 75 P residential a d d re ss ............................................. 55 R e p o rt: 15th G e n e ra l M e e tin g Exercise and M o tiv a tio n .................................... 56 i . . 1 1 , l B o o k R e v ie w s ............................. H e la tio n s h ip b e tw e e n th e M o t h e r s c h a r a c ­ teristics, e tc .............................................................. 59 C la s s ifie d ..................................... R ep ro du ce d by S ab in et G at ew ay u nd er li ce nc e gr an te d by th e P ub lis he r (d at ed 2 01 3. ) 56 Fisioterapie, Septem ber 1983, deel 39, no 3 t e r m s o f (he A c t . In th i s w a y , n o t o n l y a r e t he P u b l i c p r o t e c t e d f r o m u n s c r u p u l o u s p r a c t i t i o n e r s b u t o u r o w n p r a c t i t i o n e r s a r e p r o t e c t e d a g a i n s t e x p l o i t a t i o n b y m e m b e r s o f th e Pu bl ic. A m o n g t h e fi rst t a s k s u n d e r t a k e n b y t h e P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d w as t o p r e s s f o r c o m p u l s o r y r e g i s t r a t i o n w h i c h was suc ce ss fu ll y a c h i e v e d . T h e S c o p e o f P h y s i o t h e r a p y w a s t h e n d e f i n e d a n d w as s u b s e q u e n t l y g a z e t t e d . L e g a l l y , n o p e r s o n sh al l p e r f o r m th es e a c t s u n l e s s r e g i s t e r e d t o d o so in t h e i r p r o f e s s i o n a l c a p a c i t y , t h a t is, w h e r e t h e r e a r e g r e y a r e a s o f o v e r l a p o f the f u n c t i o n s o f t h e v a r i o u s p r o f e s s i o n s a n d w h e r e th e s e s c o p e s h a v e b e e n d r a w n u p a n d g a z e t t e d . T h i s h a s p r o v e d a n d is p r o v i n g t o be o n e o f t h e m o s t d i f f i c u l t t a s k s o f t h e B o a r d to suc ces sfu ll y c o u n t e r . R u l e s a n d R e g u l a t i o n s p e r t a i n i n g t o t h e E t h i c s o f all th e S u p p l e m e n t a r y H e a l t h S er v ic e P r o f e s s i o n s w e r e d r a f t e d b y t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l a n d s u b m i t t e d t o t h e B o a r d s f o r a p p r o v a l . N o n e w ru le, a m e n d m e n t o r w i t h d r a w a l o f a n e x i s t i n g ru le is e v e r r e c o m m e n d e d b y t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l w i t h o u t first c o n s u l t i n g t h e r e l e v a n t S u p p l e m e n t a r y P r o f e s ­ s i o n a n d we a s a p r o f e s s i o n m a y m a k e s u g g e s t i o n s r e g a r d i n g a n y r u le . Y o u will rec all t h e d i s c u s s i o n s a t p r e v i o u s C o u n c i l M e e t i n g s o n t h e a m e n d m e n t t o t h e E t h i c a l R u l e o n M e d i c a l R e f e r r a l . T h e r e - w o r d i n g o f t h i s R u l e wa s f i n a l ly a c c e p t e d by C o u n c i l a f t e r a c o n s i d e r a b l e d e l a y c a u s e d b y t h e o p p o s i t i o n o f t h e M e d i c a l A s s o c i a t i o n . T h i s is b u t t h e b e g i n n i n g a n d let u s n o t a l l o w t h i s t o be th e e n d . It is u p t o u s — t h e P h y s i o t h e r a p y P r o f e s s i o n — t o m a k e s u r e t h a t we m o v e f o r w a r d w i t h a d e t e r m i n e d s t e p b u t we m u s t k n o w w h a t w e w a n t a n d m a k e s u r e t h a t we g et it. It is n o t p o s s i b l e in a R e p o r t o f th i s n a t u r e t o list o r e l a b o r a t e o n all t h e f u n c t i o n s a n d p o w e r s o f t h e P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d . S u c h m a t t e r s a s t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f a T ar if fs C o m m i t t e e f o r P h y s i o t h e r a p y b y t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l , the p r o t e c t i o n o f t h e n a m e “ p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t ” o r “ physical t h e r a p i s t ” a n d t h e i n s p e c t i o n o f t h e F i n a l Y e a r e x a m i n a t i o n s t o as s e s s t h e m a i n t e n a n c e o f t h e s t a n d a r d a r e b u t a few su c c e ss fu l l y a c c o m p l i s h e d . T h e r e h a v e a l s o b e e n d i s c u s s i o n s o n t h e a n n u a l fees p a y a b l e b y all r e g i s t e r e d m e m b e r s o f t h e M e d i c a l C o u n c il i n c l u d i n g p h y s i o t h e r a p i s t s . It m u s t b e a p p r e c i a t e d t h a t in o r d e r to f u n c t i o n ef fe c t iv e ly th e s e fees a r e n e c e s s a r y to c o v e r th e e x p e n s e s i n c u r r e d in t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f a large o r g a n i s a t i o n . T h e M e d i c a l C o u n c i l h a s r e c e n t l y m o v e d into its o w n b u i l d i n g o f w h i c h it is j u s t i f i a b l y p r o u d . H o w e v e r , the c o n s i d e r a b l e i n c r e a s e in t h e c o s t s o n t h e o r i g i n a l q u o t a t i o n h a s u n f o r t u n a t e l y a f f e c t e d t h e fees p a y a b l e t o th e P r o f e s ­ s i o n a l B o a r d . It is e a r n e s t l y h o p e d t h a t th e s e v a s t ly i m p r o v e d w o r k i n g c o n d i t i o n s f o r t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e s t a f f will resu lt in th e m o r e ef fi ci en t f u n c t i o n i n g o f C o u n c i l a n d i m p r o v e the s t a t u s o f t h e M e d i c a l P r o f e s s i o n t h r o u g h its C o u n c i l wh ich y o u will s u r e l y a g r e e will r ef l ec t o n t h e s t a t u s o f o u r p r o f e s s i o n t h r o u g h its P r o f e s s i o n a l B o a r d . j T h e p o w e r o f t h e B o a r d s h o u l d n o t be u n d e r e s t i m a t e d . Its s t r e n g t h lies in its a b i l i t y to ac t in a n a d v i s o r y c a p a c i t y to the M e d i c a l C o u n c i l a n d t h e M i n i s t e r o f H e a l t h . D u r i n g t h e pas t d e c a d e t h is p o w e r h a s i n c r e a s e d c o n s i d e r a b l y . N o l o n g e r do we h a v e q u e r i e s a n d q u i b b l e s b u t d i a l o g u e a n d d i s c u s s i o n on a n y d e c i s i o n s t a k e n by th e B o a r d . M a y I su g g e s t t h a t t h e t h e o r y o f r a t i o n a l i s m w h i c h re g a r d s r e a s o n , r a t h e r t h a n se n se , be t h e f o u n d a t i o n o f a n y c o n t e m ­ p l a t e d c h a n g e s in t h e s t a t u s o f p h y s i o t h e r a p y b e c a u s e w h o c a n k n o w t h a t w h e n t h e y e a s t o f c h a n g e s t a r t s t o w o r k , w h a t sp i r i t will be d is ti ll ed ? K. M . L E V Y EXERCISE AND MOTIVATION W. H . W E S S E L S , D . M . , D . P . M . * Summary A sh o rt h is to ry o f th e use o f exercise in M edicine is given. This is follow ed by the neurophysio- logical basis o f exercise and its physical and psychological effects on m otivation in man. Opsomming 'n K o rt geskiedenis van die gebruik van oefening in Geneeskunde w ord gegee. D it w ord gevolg deur die neurofisiologiese basis van oefening en die fisiese en sielkundige uitw erkings op m oti- veering in die mens. M o d e r n t e c h n o l o g i c a l s o c i e t y , g e a r e d t o w a r d s s a v i n g t i m e , h a s s u c c e e d e d a d m i r a b l y in r e d u c i n g p h y s i c a l a c t i v i t y . T r a n s p o r t h a s v i r t u a l l y r e m o v e d th e n e e d t o w a l k o r r u n , b u t f o r t u n a t e l y f r o m a h e a l t h p o i n t o f vi ew , we a r e d e v e l o p i n g tr af f ic c o n g e s t i o n n e c e s s i t a t i n g i n c r e a s e d w a l k i n g . In th e e v e r y d a y h u s t l e a n d b u s t l e o f life, h o w e v e r , a m b u l a t i o n is c o n s i d e r e d a w a s t e o f t i m e . T o d a y we h a v e r e a c h e d t h e s t a g e w h e r e th e m e d i a u r g e u s t o Met o u r f in ge rs d o t h e w a l k i n g ’. * P r o f e s s o r a n d H e a d o f P s y c h i a t r y , U n i v e r s i t y o f N a t a l , D u r b a n E a r l y m a n w a s f o r t u n a t e in t h a t p h y s i c a l a c t i v i t y w as a w a y o f life — h e h a d t o r e m a i n p h y s i c a l l y in a p e a k c o n d i t i o n s i m p l y t o sur v iv e. C o n f u c i u s , a b o u t 2 500 y e a r s a g o s a i d “ S t u d y t h e p a s t if y o u w o u l d d i v i n e th e f u t u r e ” . L et u s t h e r e f o r e , b r ie fl y r et ra c e o u r f o o t s t e p s t h r o u g h t h e p a s s a g e o f ti m e. M e d i c i n e a n d t h e al l i e d p r o f e s s i o n s d e v e l o p e d f r o m the p r e - h i s t o r i c m e d i c i n e - m a n w h o a t t h a t t i m e r e p r e s e n t e d all h e a l i n g p r o f e s s i o n s . H e led us in t h e s t r u g g l e a g a i n s t d is e as e. T h e ea r l i es t p a i n t i n g o f a m e d i c i n e - m a n , c l a d in a n i m a l s k i n s , w i t h a n t l e r s a t t a c h e d t o hi s h e a d a n d a m o n k e y m a s k o n hi s fa ce , w a s d i s c o v e r e d in a c a v e in F r a n c e . T h i s p a i n t i n g R ep ro du ce d by S ab in et G at ew ay u nd er li ce nc e gr an te d by th e P ub lis he r (d at ed 2 01 3. )