CPD QUESTIONNAIRE

48     SAJR  March 2013  Vol. 17  No. 1

Regarding multimodal magnetic resonance imaging and diagnostic 
accuracy in brain tumours:
1.    Multimodal MRI techniques increase diagnostic accuracy and 

should be performed in the work-up of brain tumours.
2.    Conventional MRI sequences provide anatomical and structural 

information about the relation of a brain tumour to the surrounding 
tissue.

3.    Multimodal MRI techniques include diffusion-weighted imaging 
(DWI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), MR spectroscopy 
(MRS), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional MRI (fMRI).

4.    PWI provides additional information about the metabolic properties 
of tumours and surrounding brain tissue, whereas MRS provides 
information about the blood volume (CBV) of the tumours and the 
peritumoural oedema.

With regard to the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) 
in evaluating the response of carcinoma of the cervix treated with 
chemoradiotherapy:
5.    The study showed promising results in the ability of ADC to identify 

early tumour response to therapy.
6.    ADC values for cervical carcinoma increased after treatment with 

chemoradiation with responders showing a larger change in ADC 
values than nonresponders.

7.    Cervical carcinoma is the most common gynaecological malignancy 
in women.

Concerning agenesis of the dorsal mesentery presenting in an adolescent:
8.     Agenesis of the dorsal mesentery is a common occurrence that 

usually presents in children.
9.      The dorsal mesentery gives rise to the lesser omentum, falciform 

ligament and the visceral peritoneum of the liver.

In acute mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus:
10.  Acute gastric volvulus is an uncommon but easily recognised 

surgical emergency with highly specific clinical symptoms.

11.  Abdominal computed tomography (CT) has been underutilised in 
the diagnosis of gastric volvulus.

Regarding the interpretation and value of MR CSF flow studies for 
paediatric neurosurgery:
12.  Phase-contrast MR imaging (PC-MRI) is a rapid, simple and non-

invasive technique that is sensitive to CSF flow.
13.  Indications for CSF flow studies in children include assessment and 

functionality of shunt treatment in patients with hydrocephalus, and 
hydrocephalus associated with achondroplasia.

14.  There is no role for CSF flow studies in Chiari I malformation, 
confirmation of aqueductal stenosis or in determining patency of a 
third ventriculostomy.

In the evaluation of extraskeletal Ewing’s sarcoma:
15.  When Ewing’s sarcoma arises in soft tissue rather than bone, it is 

referred to as extraskeletal Ewing’s sarcoma (ESS).
16.  If the mass is located near bone, it might result in cortical erosion 

and/or a periosteal reaction.

With regard to incidental cardiac findings on non-cardiac CT 
examination of the thorax:
17.  Motion-free cardiac images require synchronisation of image 

acquisition with the cardiac cycle (cardiac ‘gating’ or ‘triggering’).
18.  Atrial septal rupture after myocardial infarction is a rare complication 

with a reported incidence of 1 - 2%.

In computerised tomography brain (CTB) studies of the paediatric 
mandibular condyle:
19.  The article highlights the importance of routinely reviewing the 

mandibular condyle on computerised tomography brain studies in 
a trauma setting. 

20.  Overlooking mandibular fractures may have long-term consequences 
including facial asymmetry, malocclusion and ankylosis.

Mark each numbered statement as true (A) or false (B):

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