CPD QUESTIONNAIRE Give ONE correct answer for each question. 24 SA JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY • March 2010 A. Is a relatively frequent finding in diagnostic imaging studies. B. Is a well-known hallmark feature of acute cholecystitis. C. The finding itself is non-specific and can be found in a wide range of gallbladder diseases and extracholecystic pathological conditions. D. Traditionally, sonography has been used as the initial imaging technique for evaluating patients with sus- pected gallbladder disease. Other imaging modalities are now preferred because of the questionable sensitivity of ultrasound. 1. Thickening of the gallbladder wall: 2. Which one of the following statements is true? A. Thyroid cancer is a common disease. B. The presence of distant metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma decreases the 10-year survival of patients by 50% (from 80 - 90% down to 40%). C. The methods used more than 15 years ago for diagnosis and treatment are similar to present-day management. D. Bone metastases represent a rare complication. 3. Regarding the case report of a migrating foreign body, which one of the following statements is false? A. The foreign body in this patient most probably migrated from the pelvis to the inferior vena cava and from there to the right atrium and right ventricle, from where it entered the left pulmonary artery to the pulmonary circulation loop. B. This could have happened in the 6 years between the X- rays or it could have occurred during the trauma. C. Conventional X-rays are sufficient to make a correct diagnosis of a metal foreign body. Metal artifact rules out precise location on multislice CT. D. Management options include surgical or conservative therapy and should be individualised after the risk evaluation of removal of foreign bodies. 5. With respect to hydropneumopericar- dium, which one of the following is incorrect? A. Traumatic causes of hydropneumopericardium are more frequent than non-traumatic causes. B. Non-traumatic causes of hydropneumopericardium include asthma and gastro-pericardic fistula complicat- ing gastric pathology. C. Pericardiocentesis is the cornerstone in the management of cardiac tamponade. D. Spontaneous remission has not been documented. 6. Which one of the following is not as- sociated with isolated reversible splenial lesions? A. Epilepsy. B. Anti-convulsant therapy. C. Tuberculous gumma. D. Mild encephalitis. 7. Which one of the following statements is false? Differential considerations which usually lead to persistent splenial abnormalities include: A. Diffuse axonal injury. B. Multiple sclerosis. C. Marchiafava-Bignami disease. D. Anterior communicating artery aneurysm. 8. Identify the one incorrect statement in the following choices regarding lesions of the splenium of the corpus callosum. A. Lesions in epileptic patients are poorly-circumscribed, round or ovoid. B. Lesions in epileptic patients are well-circumscribed, round or ovoid. C. Those patients without history of seizures or anti-con- vulsant therapy are more likely to develop lesions that may irregularly extend into the lateral aspect of the SCC. D. ADEM is a cause of reversible lesions. 9. Regarding periventricular nodular hetero- topias, identify the one wrong statement. A. PNH is a neuronal migration disorder characterised by nodules of ectopic neurons adjacent to the lateral ventricles, due to failed migration of neurons from the germinal zone towards the cortical plate. B. Hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis is commonly associated, but no valvular heart disease is ever seen. C. Classical bilateral PNH is the commonest type. D. Most affected females develop seizures with variable age of onset and type. 10. Identify the one false statement among the following. A. The use of paediatric CT continues to grow despite evidence on known risks of CT-related radiation and induction of fatal cancers in children. B. More than 60 million CT scans are estimated to be per- formed annually in the USA, with 7 million on children. C. Paediatric radiologists apply the practice of ALARA (‘as low as reasonably achievable’) to reduce radiation exposure. D. Education and advocacy directed to referring clinicians is strongly adhered to, and it remains a famously easy task to convince paediatricians not to use CT if another modality could provide the same answer. See previous page for CPD CPD Instructions: 1. CPD questionnaires must be completed online by going directly (not via Google) to www.cpdjournals. org.za, and registering. You will then receive an email notifying you of your username and password for subsequent logging on. 2. Read the articles in the journal to find the answers to the questions. 3. After completing the questionnaire, you can check the answers and print your own CPD certificate. Questions may be answered up to 6 months after publication of the journal issue concerned. 4. Please contact Gertrude Fani on 021 681 7200 or gertrude@hmpg.co.za in the event of queries. Accreditation number: MDB 001/007/01/2010 4. Regarding neurofibromatosis, which one of the following is incorrect? A. NF1 is the most common of the phakomatoses. B. It is an autosomal dominant condition with high penetrance. C. Abnormalities are localised to the pericentrometric re- gion of chromosome 18, with 50% having spontaneous mutants with variable expressivity. D. The incidence is 1:2 000 – 4 000, with M:F ratio of 1:1. CPD.indd 24 2/26/10 9:48:26 AM