A.   It is the third most common 

extracranial solid malignancy in 

children.

B.   It is a tumour of primitive 

mesenchymal cells committed to 

skeletal muscle.Differentiation can 

occur in a variety of organs.

C.   There are three main histological 

types i.e. embryonal, alveolar and 

botryoid.

D.   Tumours originating in the middle 

ear and mastoid have a particularly 

good prognosis.

2.  Regarding metastatic 
calcification, choose one false 
answer:

CPD QUESTIONNAIRE

Give ONE correct answer for each 
question

24         SA JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY • April 2008

Instructions:
1. Read the articles in the journal to find the answers to the questions.
2. Place your answers on the CPD answer form which is on the back of the address sheet mailed with this 

journal. 
3.	 Answer	questions	by	marking	correct	answers	with	an	‘X’	in	the	appropriate	box.	Use	a	black	pen.		See	

instruction above each question.
4.	 Keep	a	copy	for	your	records.
5.	 Post	the	completed	form	to	CPD	Points,		SAJR,	Private	Bag	X1,	Pinelands,	7430.
6.	 All	completed	forms	must	be	posted	—	not	faxed.
7.	 Answers	are	recorded	by	the	RSSA	and	are	submitted	directly	to	the	HPCSA.

1.  Regarding rhabdomyosarcoma, 
choose one false answer:

A.   Occurs in patients with chronic 

renal failure.

B.   Occurs in primary 

hyperparathyroidism.

C.   Occurs in hypervitaminosis D, 

diffuse myelomatosis, and milk-

alkali syndrome 4.

D.   Metastatic calcification only occurs 

in the presence of hypercalcaemia.

3. Choose one correct answer:

A.   CT is an excellent modality to 

demonstrate soft-tissue injury and 

instability.

B.   Bilateral fractures which result in 

disruption of the bony ring of C2 

constitute a hangman’s fracture.

C.   The hangman’s fracture represents 

fractures of the neural arch of 

C2 that are produced by a hyper-

flexion force.

D.   Neurological consequences of the 

hangman’s fracture are often more 

severe than  might be anticipated.

4. Choose one correct answer:

A.   The dependent viscera sign is seen 

with diaphragmatic rupture when 

there is loss of the anterior support 

of the diaphragm.

B.   The dependent viscera sign 

obliterates the lateral costophrenic 

recess.

C.   The dependent viscera sign is 

said to be present on the left 

side if the upper one-third of 

the liver abuts the posterior 

ribs, and on the right side 

if the stomach or bowel  

abuts the posterior ribs or lies 

posterior to the spleen.

D.   The Collar sign is a waist-like 

constriction of the viscera.

5. Identify one incorrect answer:

A.   Pulmonary valve atresia with 

a VSD is an extreme form of 

Tetralogy of Fallot.

B.   It usually presents in the neonatal 

period as a ductal-dependent 

lesion.

C.   Surgery is usually optimal at 1-2 

years.

D.   Anomalous origin of either 

pulmonary artery branch from the 

aorta has been reported.

6.  All below is true concerning the 
causes of diffuse sclerosis of the 
skull, except:

A.  Chronic phenytoin therapy.

B.   Van Buchem’s diseases 

(sclerosteosis).

C.  Osteopetrosis.

D.  Cleido-cranial dysostosis.

7.  Which is correct concerning 
ERCP:

A.   Safe procedure with negligible 

morbidity and mortality.

B.   Remains the gold standard for 

exploration of the biliopancreatic 

region.

C.   Does not require sedation or 

ionising radiation.

D.   Widely available and not restricted 

to specialised centres.

8.  Concerning MRCP, identify one 
false response:

A.   It is a non-invasive and safe 

alternative to diagnostic 

endoscopic retrograde  

cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

B.   It refers to selective fluid-sensitive 

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 

of the pancreatic and biliary ducts.

C.   It was developed in 1991, and 

techniques have progressively 

improved since then.

D.   No advantages over ERCP and 

should not be considered as initial 

investigative modality of choice.

9.  All below are drawbacks of 
MRCP except:

A.   Currently has poorer resolution 

than direct cholangiography.

B.   Can miss small stones (<4 mm), 

small ampullary lesions, primary 

sclerosing cholangitis, and 

strictures of the ducts.

C.   Has difficulty visualising small 

stones in the pancreatic duct.

D.   Stones >4 mm are not readily seen 

and cannot be differentiated from 

filling defects such as blood clots, 

tumour, sludge or parasites.

10.  Regarding SAJR, all is true 
except:

A.   The editor prefers electronic 

manuscript submission on the web 

site.

B.   Illustrations and tables should be 

submitted as supplementary files.

C.   Electronic submission of CPD 

questionnaires will happen in the 

near future.

D.   Electricity policy in South Africa 

may sway the editorial board to 

scrap the web page and return to 

using the South African postal 

service.

Pg 24.indd   24 4/14/08			12:23:32	PM