SAJSM CPD  

TRUE OR FALSE

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Read the journal. All the answers will be found there.
2. Go to www.mpconsulting.co.za to answer questions.

Accreditation number: MDB001/015/01/2014 (Clinical)

Effective in 2014, the CPD programme for SAJSM will be administered by Medical Practice Consulting:
CPD questionnaires must be completed online at www.mpconsulting.co.za

A maximum of 3 CEUs will be awarded per correctly completed test.

APRIL 2014

Common acute and chronic musculoskeletal injuries among female 
adolescent field hockey players in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (SA)
1. The majority of field hockey musculoskeletal injuries are to the 

upper extremities.
2. In field hockey, goalkeepers have the highest rate of injury.    
3. Chronic lower-back injuries in field hockey players have been 

associated with hip flexor contractures.

Collagen gene interactions and endurance running performance
4. There are ~20 known gene variants associated specifi  cally with 

endurance performance.
5. Both type V and VI collagen regulate collagen fibrillogenesis.
6. Increased type V collagen production alters the mechanical proper  -

ties of the tissue, leading to decreased endurance perfor mance.
7. The COL3A1 and COL12A1 genes serve as potential markers for 

endu rance running performance.

Steps that count! A feasibility study of a pedometer-based health 
promotion intervention in an employed, SA population
8. Pedometers have become popular for use in physical activity 

inter ventions in various settings to facilitate behavioural change.  
9. Goal-setting, feedback on progress and strategies for overcoming 

barriers are common features for successful interventions to in-
crease the volume of walking.

Micro-oscillations in positive and negative affect during competi tive 
laboratory cycle time trials
10. Athletes were more likely to maintain or increase exercise intensity 

when positive affect was experienced.

11. Levels of positivity and negativity reported by participants during 
exercise were shown to oscillate, providing evidence for the dy-
namic, emotive nature of sport performance.   

12. High levels of negative affect and lower levels of positive affect 
were associated with better performances by the cyclists. 

13. In self-regulation theory, monitoring of self- and norm-refer enced 
information enables individuals to make the necessary adjust-
ments to minimise the discrepancy between desired and actual 
beha viour. 

14. In a novel throwing task, negative affect was significantly higher 
in successful athletes, compared with failed conditions.

16. Over the course of the time trial, particularly when athletes were 
striving to achieve a time goal, they only made an assessment 
regarding their performance and rate of goal progress at the half-
way mark.

The prevalence of self-reported neck pain in rugby union players 
in Gauteng Province, SA
16. A study among a cohort of rugby union players in Gauteng 

Province showed that over 50% of the players had neck pain at 
the time of the study.

17. Most rugby union players with neck pain were treated by a bio-
kineticist.  

18. Just over half of the rugby union players interviewed engaged in 
strength training specifically for their necks.

19. Neck pain caused mild to moderate disability in 18% of the pla yers 
surveyed.

20. Cervical trauma occurs most frequently during the lineout.
 

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