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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance 
Roy Marthen Moonti 

Faculty of Law, Universitas Gorontalo 

email: roymoonti16@gmail.com 

ABSTRACT 

Good Governance in regional autonomy is a phenomenon whose principle is talking about 
government or good government in terms of realizing good governance through the context 
of public services. The purpose of regional autonomy is solely to provide satisfaction to the 
community and prosperity of society in a government area. The purpose of this study is to 
determine the development of current regional autonomy in realizing Good Governance as 
intended. The research method used in the preparation of this study is a normative juridical 
method that is, in answering the problems of the realization of good governance, the legal 
point of view is based on the applicable legal regulations, henceforth it is connected with 
the reality in the field relating to the issues to be discussed. In terms of the development 
of regional autonomy, of course there are several things that are the main indicators, 
namely Equalization and Improvement of Development in the Regions, Improvement of 
Services for Communities, Optimization of Natural Resources and Human Resources in 
the Regions. 

Keywords : Regional Autonomy; Good Governance.

INTRODUCTION 

The essence of regional autonomy is the freedom of local people to regulate and 

manage their own interests which are locality for the implementation of welfare. In autonomy, 

there is an intrinsic value, namely the value of democracy and its own initiative. Making 

autonomy not only means carrying out democracy but encouraging the development of own 

initiatives, which means self-decision making and the self-interest of the local community. 

Thus democracy, namely the government from, by and for the people can be achieved. The 

people not only determine their own destiny but also improve their own destiny. 

The implementation of regional governance involving broad community participation 

enables the creation of a democratic local government in order to lead to good governance 

In theory and practice the modern government is taught that to create The Good Governance 

needs to be a decentralized government. Good governance refer to the governance process 

through the involvement of broad stakeholders in the economic, social and political fields as 

well as the utilization of natural, financial and human resources for the benefit of all parties, 

namely the government, the private sector and the people in a manner that is in accordance 

with the principles of justice, honesty, equality, efficiency, transparency, and accountability.1

1Irwan, A. L. (2008). Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah dalam Mendukung Pelaksanaan Good Governance di 
Indonesia. Government: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, Universitas Hasanuddin, 1(1), pp. 89 – 90.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

Basically, the concept of Good Governance provide recommendations on a system 

of governance that emphasizes equality between state institutions, both at the central and 

regional levels, the private sector and civil society. Good Governance according to this view 

means an agreement regarding the setting state created jointly by governments, the public 

expressed interest, using the legal rights, obligations and bridge the differences between 

them. An explanation that Good Governance defined as the United Nations Development 

Program (UNDP) is the implementation of politics, economics and administration and 

managing problems of the nation. The implementation of this authority is said to be good 

or smooth if it is carried out effectively and efficiently, responsive to the needs of the 

people, in a democratic, accountable and transparent atmosphere.2

The policy on regional autonomy gives very broad autonomy to the regions, 

especially cities and districts. Regional autonomy is carried out in order to restore the 

dignity of the people in the region, provide opportunities for political education in order to 

improve the quality of democracy in the region, increase the efficiency of public services 

in the region, increase the acceleration of development in the region, and ultimately the 

creation of good governance. 

The giving and authority and responsibility as stipulated in Law Number 23 the 

Year 2014 concerning Regional Government must be balanced with the distribution of 

adequate sources of income that are capable and support the implementation of the 

authority and responsibility given. In the current era of autonomy, efforts to continue to 

rely on assistance from the Central Government or higher levels of government cannot 

be maintained anymore. Autonomy demands regional independence in various fields, 

including independence in funding and implementing development in the region. Therefore, 

the regions are required to try to increase regional original income or Pendapatan Asli 

Daerah (PAD), in order to reduce dependence on the Central Government.3

As we all know with the provision of autonomy to the regions, the principles 

of regional government administration will always present two main considerations, 

namely considerations regarding efforts to ensure the continuity and success of national 

development and consideration to accommodate the aspirations of the people in the 

regions so that they can be more empowered regional development. People in the regions 

will be more established and not dependent on government assistance. The paradigm 

of community/society empowerment rests on a thought; development will proceed 

automatically if the community is given the right to manage the natural resources they 

have with their own abilities and use them for the development of their communities.4

2P., Eddy Suryanto H. (2008). Kajian Good Governance terhadap Otonomi Daerah Menuju Keadilan dan 
Demokratisasi Hukum. Wacana Hukum, Universitas Slamet Riyadi, 7(2), p. 94.

3Habibi, M. M. (2015). Analisis Pelaksanaan Desentralisasi dalam Otonomi Daerah Kota/Kabupaten. Jurnal 
Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Universitas Negeri Malang, 28(2), pp. 117 – 118.

4Tori, H. (2011). Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah dan Keadilan dalam Mewujudkan Good Governance. Jurnal Tapis: 
Jurnal Teropong Aspirasi Politik Islam, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, 7(1), p. 93.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

Indonesia about this case choosing the decentralization of government based 

on our amended constitution, namely: the 1945 Constitution Article 1 paragraph (1), 

and article 18; accompanied by the implementation of regional autonomy. The choice 

was made for several reasons. Politically, decentralization of government prevents the 

accumulation of power in a group of people by educating people to actively participate in 

using their rights and obligations in government. Organizationally decentralization leads 

to efficient government; regional affairs are carried out by the regional government and 

national affairs/interests are handled by the central government; hence (political) decision 

making can be done quickly and precisely, so that the problems and obstacles that arise 

due to differences in geographical, demographic, socio-economic, cultural, legal and so on 

factors can be more easily estimated and overcome.5

Culturally the government can devote development in the region cause it better 

understands the aspirations and needs of the community and is able to reach services to 

the people. The development of regional autonomy has logical consequences, namely 

respecting and realizing people’s aspirations, needs and ideas in solving problems that 

arise. Juridically and sociologically, regional autonomy belongs to the people who live and 

live in the territories of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, whose rights and 

obligations are guaranteed. 

The transfer of power from the New Order to the Reformation Order underwent 

changes also in the case of a centralized government system that became a decentralized 

system in which the regions had extensive authority to regulate their own territory or region. 

With the granting of regional autonomy on the basis of law number 22 of 1999 which 

was later replaced by Law Number 32 the year 2004 and later amended again into Law 

Number 23 the year 2014 concerning Regional Government, thus the regions have a large 

duty and authority over own area. The implementation of regional autonomy in order to 

function optimally and in accordance with the expectations of our constitution of the 1945 

Constitution article 18, the regions must be prepared to manage natural resources, human 

resources and explore the potentials in the area so that they benefit the local community. 

in particular and for the advancement of the nation and the State. With the implementation 

of regional autonomy, it will have a positive and negative impact on the local community on 

the law, economy, social, culture, the behavior of the community and the government and 

so on.6 The problem in research is how the development of regional autonomy in realizing 

Good Governance. 

5Bunga, M., Aswari, A., & Djanggih, H. (2018). Konsepsi Penyelamatan Dana Desa dari Perbuatan Korupsi. 
Halu Oleo Law Review, Universitas Halu Oleo, 2(2), p. 454.

6Mastur, M. (2015). Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah dan Dampaknya terhadap Hukum dan Perubahan Sosial. 
Qistie: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Wahid Hasyim, 8(1), p. 2.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

METHODS

The research method used in the preparation of this research is the normative 

juridical method that is, in answering the problem a legal point of view is used based on 

applicable legal regulations, henceforth it is connected with the reality in the field relating 

to the issues to be discussed.7

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 

A. Equalization and Improvement of Development in the Region 

Law Number 32 the year 2004 as amended by Law Number 23 the year 

2014 concerning Regional Government in Article 1 number 2 states that Regional 

Government is the administration of government affairs by the regional government and 

DPRD according to the principle of autonomy. and the task of assisting with the broadest 

principle of autonomy in the system and principles of the Unitary State of the Republic 

of Indonesia as referred to in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In 

connection with that, the transfer of power from the people to the state is divided into 

2: (1) Government as executive which is entrusted with the power to implement various 

community needs arrangements; (2) People’s representative institution as legislative, 

namely an authorized institution in terms of formulating and making rules to be 

implemented by the government and supervising government actions. 

The implementation of regional autonomy with the principle of decentralization 

has a positive impact in the context of equity and improvement of development in the 

region which is a means to enable local communities to be able to optimize their ability 

to prosper their lives. The idea of decentralization arose as a result of the demands 

of the community for the need to accelerate public services that must be carried out 

by the government to the community. Successful implementation of the public service 

functions by local governments will affect the realization of the concept of the welfare 

state as mandated in the 1945 opening paragraph 4, namely: Protecting the entire 

Indonesian nation and the entire homeland of Indonesia and to promote the general 

welfare, educating the nation, and participate in carrying out world order based on 

freedom, eternal peace and social justice.8

Regional autonomy is an effort to the achievement of one of the country’s 

goals, namely to improve the welfare of the community through equal distribution of 

development and its results. Regions have the authority to make regional policies 

to provide services, increase participation, initiatives and community empowerment 

aimed at improving people’s welfare. The purpose of granting regional autonomy is 

7Sunggono, B. (2002). Metodologi Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, p. 43.
8Sari, S. (2015). Implementasi Good Governance dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Daerah di Kota 

Bukittinggi. Jurnal Idea Hukum, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, 1(2), pp. 88 – 89.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

to enable the regions concerned to regulate and manage their own households to 

increase the usability and results for the administration of government. 

The policy on regional autonomy must be accompanied by the principle of 

decentralization. Decentralization is an economy, namely the process of giving 

autonomy to the community in a certain area. The link between decentralization and 

regional autonomy as expressed by Gerald S. Maryanow is two sides of one currency. 

Decentralization certainly includes the transfer of authority in managing the regional 

finances. So that one of the consequences of the implementation of regional autonomy 

is the existence of fiscal decentralization policies.9

The realization of regional autonomy in the context of equitable distribution 

of regional development is a joint effort that must be carried out evenly in all levels 

of society, where every citizen has the right to have the opportunity to achieve that 

goal. According to Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government which 

regulates the problem of Regional Autonomy is an implementation regulation that 

carries out the constitutional mandate, specifically article 18 of the 1945 Constitution. 

The regional government is part of the decentralization process aimed at achieving 

equitable regional development. With the existence of a clear relationship between the 

regional government and its instruments in various regions, the regions should be able 

or they can develop themselves more directed according to their respective identities 

and peculiarities. Decentralization in regional autonomy is considered to be able to 

answer the demands of equity, effective political development. 

Regional autonomy guarantees the handling of variations in the demands of 

the community quickly and precisely in order to create equitable development. That 

is, in developing countries centralized planning is not only complicated and difficult to 

implement, but also has not been in accordance with the need to increase equitable 

development. 

Utilization of natural and human resources in the region should be accompanied 

by efforts to reduce activities that focus on national planning and increase awareness 

about the need to decentralize and provide autonomy to the regions to make decisions 

concerning the main interests of the region, in addition to giving greater responsibility 

to regions to plan and implement development programs. Such changes are in fact 

not only concerned with technical and administrative matters but also political matters, 

namely with regard to delegation of authority from a group of decision makers in power 

at the centre to government power holders at the regional level. 

Equitable development as a manifestation of the implementation of economic 

democracy is a development effort based on the spirit and spirit of togetherness 

9Nurana, A. C., & Muta’ali, L. (2012). Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah terhadap Ketimpangan 
Perkembangan Wilayah di Kawasan Ciayumajakuning. Jurnal Bumi Indonesia, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1(3), p. 
174.



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and kinship, in which cooperatives are developed as a healthy, resilient, strong and 

independent people’s economic movement so that they can act as a pillar of the national 

economy. Equitable development provides equal opportunities for every citizen. 

communities throughout the country to contribute their work while 

simultaneously fulfilling their basic needs, and developing activities in all aspects of 

life. Equity also accelerates the growth of disadvantaged groups, sectors, or regions. 

Regional economies are developed in a harmonious and balanced manner between 

regions, in a national economic unit by optimizing the potential and regional participation 

optimally in order to realize the Archipelago’s Insight and strengthen national security. 

Equitable and equitable development that is more able to guarantee sustainability 

because it is supported by the broadest active participation of the people and utilizes 

the maximum potential of the people. 

Success with equitable development is the main capital in the nation’s efforts 

to improve the development and growth of the people’s economy, strengthen social 

solidarity, overcome poverty, and prevent the process of emerging new poverty that may 

arise. Poverty is a situation of complete deprivation of the population that is manifested 

in and caused by limited capital, low knowledge and skills, low productivity, low income, 

weak exchange rates of poor people’s products, and limited opportunities to participate 

in development. The low income of the poor results in low education and health which 

affects their already low productivity and increases the burden of dependence on society. 

The population that is still below the poverty line includes those who have very low 

incomes, do not have a fixed income, or have no income at all.10

Positive Impact of Regional Autonomy on Equitable Development, namely the 

Regional Government will be easier to develop a culture that is owned by the area 

and it is easier to manage existing or regional resources, Regions better know what 

is needed more by the region to improve equitable development, All components that 

exist in the area starting from the government or the community in general, can develop 

creativity and innovations in various fields in order to improve the equitable development 

of the region or in other words all components participate in the effort of equitable 

development. While the negative impact is in each policy taken, besides the positive 

side there is also a negative side. Likewise in the implementation and implementation 

of regional autonomy, it has a negative impact on equitable distribution of national 

development. Before discussing the negative impacts of regional autonomy, we must 

know the factors that influence the implementation of regional autonomy, community 

participation in the implementation of regional autonomy, and the attractiveness of 

regional autonomy for the community. 

10BAPPENAS. (2009). BAB 9: Pemerataan Pembangunan dan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan. In Repelita VI – 
Buku II. Jakarta: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

B. Improvement of Services for the Society 

With the increase of the authority granted, the government apparatus in the 

regions can better manage and organize public services according to the needs of the 

community, “Regional autonomy is the authority to regulate government affairs that 

are local in nature based on people’s aspirations”. 

With the existence of regional autonomy, it is hoped that the provision of 

services to the community will be more effective. But until now the quality of public 

services still has services that are difficult to access, convoluted and unclear costs and 

there are still illegal fees. 

In addition, there are also injustices in public services where the people 

belonging to the poor category will get difficulties when getting services otherwise 

people who are classified as capable will find it easier to get services. For this 

reason, if this injustice occurs, this siding service will create the potential for national 

disintegration, the difference between the rich and the poor in the context of service, 

a slow economic increase.

The incident happened because the old paradigm was marked by the state 

apparatus in the bureaucratic environment placing themselves to be served not to 

serve. Even though the government should be aware that service is a service that 

prioritizes efficiency and success in building the nation. 

In order for quality public services, it is appropriate for the government to reform 

the public service paradigm. This reform of public services is a shift in the pattern of 

government-oriented public service providers as providers of services oriented to the 

needs of the community as users. 

Submission of authority must also be used wisely by the local government 

by serving the needs of the community without discriminating status, race, religion, 

certain groups and interests that often make services not effective and disappoint the 

community, especially the lower middle class. 

In this regard, there are several efforts that can be made in improving the 

quality of public services, including: 

1. Revitalization, restructuring, and deregulation in the field of public services; 

2. Increased professionalism of public servant officials; 

3. Corporatization of public service units; 

4. Development and utilization Electronic Government for public service agencies; 

5. Increased public participation in public services; 

6. Giving awards and sanctions to the community service unit. 

As the first step in efforts to improve quality public service is through revitalization, 

restructuring, and deregulation in the field of public services. By changing the position 

and role in revitalization of bureaucracy in providing services to the public. From those 



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

who like to govern and govern, to change to serving, from those who like to use the 

power approach, turn to be helpful towards a flexible collaborative direction, and from 

slogans ways to realistic ways of working. In connection with this, it is emphasized that 

the public bureaucracy should not prioritize authority, but what needs to be prioritized 

is the role of public servants. 

Another important aspect of improving the quality of public services is 

conducting institutional restructuring by forming the right organization. Appropriate 

organizational can be interpreted as an effort to simplify the bureaucratic governmental 

organization aiming to develop a more proportional, flat transparent, short hierarchy 

and decentralized authority. The posture of public service organizations will be more 

proportional, effective and efficient and supported by quality human resources. This 

can happen if public officials are committed to the four principles of service quality, 

namely reliability, surprise, recovery and fairness. Reliability concerning the reliability 

and accuracy of services. This concerns the fulfilment of promises. The quality of 

service will be highly dependent and is usually measured by the TERRA principle 

which stands for service quality elements which include: tangibles, forty, reliability, 

responsiveness and assurance.11

In the future, what can be expected from regional autonomy is the provision 

of more satisfying public services, accommodating community participation, reducing 

the burden on the central government, growing regional independence and maturity 

and formulating programs that are more in line with regional needs. In this case, it 

can be seen that regional autonomy is a manifestation of political will to improve 

public services. In addition, regional autonomy was also recognized as a principle 

needed for government efficiency. Therefore, the government needs to be closer 

to the community, so that the services provided are getting better. According to the 

government’s view of science, one way to bring government closer to society is to 

implement a decentralization policy. 

C. Optimization of Human Resources in the Region

Human resources are the potential contained in humans to realize their role 

as social beings who adaptive and transformative are able to manage themselves and 

all the potential contained in achieving prosperity in a balanced and sustainable order. 

Human resources are one of the key factors in economic reform, namely how to create 

quality and skilled human resources with high competitiveness in global competition. 

The 21st century presents a national and international strategic environment 

that is different from the strategic challenges faced in the 20th Century. At the end of 

11Maani, K. D. (2005). Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di Era Otonomi Daerah. Jurnal 
Demokrasi, Universitas Negeri Padang, 4(2), pp. 28 – 29.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

the 20th Century and in the early decades of the 21st Century, Indonesia faced severe 

challenges in all fields. The implementation of bureaucratic reform is an important 

strategy carried out in preparing themselves to face these challenges. The bureaucratic 

reforms that have long been rolled out actually have a basic goal in the form of 

changes in the mindset of the running personnel and systems that can control the 

organization, management, human resources of the apparatus, supervision and public 

services. However, this main objective has hitherto been constrained by the existence 

of institutional weaknesses in the tendency to prioritize structural approaches rather 

than functional approaches. the most important factor in organizational structuring is 

precisely the quality and capability of human resources in formulating the organization’s 

mission and strategy vision, workload analysis. 

Bureaucratic reform is directed at creating clean, responsible, professional, 

efficient and effective bureaucracy, and creating excellent service to the public. 

Conceptually in creating this, it starts from the redefinition of vision, mission and 

strategy, the study of restructuring and the merging and refinement of functions, the 

analysis of the workload analysis of organizational units. Human resources apparatus 

as a driver and organizer of government tasks plays an important role in a system of 

government. Therefore, the basic foundation of complete bureaucratic reform must 

begin with the reform of human resources apparatus management. This apparatus 

human resource management reform is an urgent need to be implemented in order 

to obtain professional, high-performing, and prosperous apparatus in supporting the 

achievement of good bureaucratic management.12

Human resources in the context of development activities in the region are 

increasingly significant. This human resource factor has presented a new thought 

process in the study of development theories, which place human resources as the 

main axis of development both on a global, national and regional scale. Development 

strategies based on the development of human resources development are considered 

very relevant and suitable with the conditions and character of development, especially 

in developing countries since the 80’s.13

Bureaucratic reform is a means for a country to achieve good governance. In 

the implementation of bureaucratic reform, the most important thing is to improve the 

quality of the human resources of the government apparatus. Human resources are 

apparatus is the most important thing in determining the successful implementation 

of bureaucratic reform. One strategy in improving the quality of human resource 

12Akny, A. B. (2014). Mewujudkan Good Governance melalui Reformasi Birokrasi di Bidang SDM Aparatur 
untuk Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Pegawai. Jejaring Administrasi Publik: Jurnal Ilmiah, Universitas Airlangga, 6(1), 
pp. 416 – 417.

13Junaidi, J., & Zulgani, Z. (2011). Peranan Sumberdaya Ekonomi dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Daerah. 
Jurnal Pembangunan Daerah, Kementerian Dalam Negeri, 3, pp. 28 – 29.



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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

personnel is in the area of employee welfare. Improvement of the system and expected 

implementation will be able to remunerate the performance of employees so that they 

can maximize the implementation of services and carry out their functions. so that it 

can improve governance. 

CONCLUSION 

To realize regional autonomy in the context of good governance and its 

development requires support from all parties both from the government itself and the 

community. The development of regional autonomy has had several impacts on the 

community, namely Equalization and Improvement of Development in the Regions, 

Improvement of Services for the Community and Optimization of Human Resources in 

the Regional. To realize the development of regional autonomy is to increase creativity 

and innovation in government and it must, begin at the individual level then groups 

and organizations. This is so that all elements will be able to develop skills and can 

facilitate the development of regional autonomy. 

REFERENCE 

Akny, A. B. (2014). Mewujudkan Good Governance melalui Reformasi Birokrasi di Bidang 

SDM Aparatur untuk Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Pegawai. Jejaring Administrasi 

Publik: Jurnal Ilmiah, Universitas Airlangga, 6(1), 416 – 427.

BAPPENAS. (2009). BAB 9: Pemerataan Pembangunan dan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan. 

In Repelita VI – Buku II. Jakarta: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.

Bunga, M., Aswari, A., & Djanggih, H. (2018). Konsepsi Penyelamatan Dana Desa dari 

Perbuatan Korupsi. Halu Oleo Law Review, Universitas Halu Oleo, 2(2), 448 – 459.

Habibi, M. M. (2015). Analisis Pelaksanaan Desentralisasi dalam Otonomi Daerah Kota/

Kabupaten. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Universitas 

Negeri Malang, 28(2), 117 – 124.

Irwan, A. L. (2008). Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah dalam Mendukung Pelaksanaan Good 

Governance di Indonesia. Government: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, Universitas 

Hasanuddin, 1(1), 89 – 98.

Junaidi, J., & Zulgani, Z. (2011). Peranan Sumberdaya Ekonomi dalam Pembangunan 

Ekonomi Daerah. Jurnal Pembangunan Daerah, Kementerian Dalam Negeri, 3, 

27 – 33. 

Maani, K. D. (2005). Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di Era Otonomi 

Daerah. Jurnal Demokrasi, Universitas Negeri Padang, 4(2), 25 – 34.



Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2019 : 43 - 53

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Regional Autonomy in Realizing Good Governance

Mastur, M. (2015). Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah dan Dampaknya terhadap Hukum dan 

Perubahan Sosial. Qistie: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Wahid Hasyim, 8(1), 

1 – 15.

Nurana, A. C., & Muta’ali, L. (2012). Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah terhadap 

Ketimpangan Perkembangan Wilayah di Kawasan Ciayumajakuning. Jurnal Bumi 

Indonesia, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1(3), 172 – 181.

P., Eddy Suryanto H. (2008). Kajian Good Governance terhadap Otonomi Daerah Menuju 

Keadilan dan Demokratisasi Hukum. Wacana Hukum, Universitas Slamet Riyadi, 

7(2), 93 – 106.

Sari, S. (2015). Implementasi Good Governance dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan 

Daerah di Kota Bukittinggi. Jurnal Idea Hukum, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, 

1(2), 88 – 100.

Sunggono, B. (2002). Metodologi Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.

Tori, H. (2011). Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah dan Keadilan dalam Mewujudkan Good 

Governance. Jurnal Tapis: Jurnal Teropong Aspirasi Politik Islam, Universitas 

Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, 7(1), 92 – 112.


