Format Template Vol. 3, No. 1 | January - June 2020 SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 1` Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques Mohsin Ali Koondhar1, Ali Asif Malak1, Masood Ali Koondhar1, Irfan Ali Channa2 Abstract: In this paper, distinct techniques of speed controlling of a Direct Current (DC) motor and its characteristics are discussed. The Direct Current (DC) motor has a wide range of speed control, which can be used in robots, drilling, cutting, and household applications due to affordable cost and low complexity of control configuration for speed and torque control. As DC Motors are considered as the best type of motors, in view of the speed control and speed regulation, numerous approaches are available to control the motor rotational speed. DC series motor control by using a resistive controller with and without a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is proposed. The motor voltage can be changed by inserting a resistor in series with DC motor. In this paper, through an experimental work armature resistive drive control technology and motor control PLC technology is used to control motor speed. PLC is used to control the resistance of the motor, thereby reducing driving voltage to change the speed. The results confirm the authentic efficiency of the proposed method of controlling motor speed. Keywords: DC Series Motor, PLC, Torque, Resistive controller. 1. Introduction The DC drives are used in rolling, wine winders, cranes, paper mills, machine tools, printing press, and textile mills, etc. DC motors have irregular essentials and used largely in uncertain speed. DC motor can produce immense origin torque and it is still achievable to gain speed control by the immense range [1]. DC Motors have variable characteristics and are used extensively in variable speed drives. DC motor can provide a high starting torque and it is also possible to obtain speed control over a wide range [2]. 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology Nawabshah, Pakistan 2 Department of Automation, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing China Corresponding Author: engr.mohsinkoondhar@quest.edu.pk Generally, DC motor is used in several applications like robotics and domestic appliances due to affordable cost and low complexity of control configuration for speed and torque control [3]. DC Motors are considered as the best type of motors, in view of the speed control and speed regulation. Numerous approaches are available to control the motor rotational speed and armature voltage control is one method among these methods [4, 6]. The DC machine by a DC power source for determining the inductance in a DC machine disables some difficulties related to traditional methods using AC source [7, 8]. Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 2 DC machines are versatile energy conversion devices. These can be used for loads of high starting torques and to meet loads of high accelerating and decelerating torques [9]. For DC motors, the armature and field current are the same because the connection between them is standard [10, 11]. Armature voltage/armature control methods can be used to control the speed of dc motor [12, 13]. 2. Conventional Controllers Speed control of a motor escape intended to replace speed render to the demand of the workload connected with the motor. This preserve if done by mechanical expedients, such as by using stepped simple machines. Nevertheless, speed control by the electrical way has greater advantages over mechanical. In many applications, DC motor is preferred over other types of motors because DC Motors offer easy speed control. DC Motor Speed control methods depend upon, a. Armature Control Method and b. Armature Voltage Control Method [14]. 2.1 Armature Control Method It can apply during speeds where loading speed is not required. Supply voltage usually invariable, by place a flexible rheostat in series with armature circuit, the voltage across armature may change shown in figure1. To decrease the armature speed potential difference beyond armature is dropped by increasing the value of resistance in the controller. For load-torque, speed is closely comparative to potential difference over the armature [15]. Armature resistance control is simple for small motors while it wastes energy and unusable with large motors [16]. F ie ld Ia Controller Resistance V Fig 1: Armature Control Method 2.2 Armature Voltage Control Method The speed of armature-controlled DC motor is controlled by armature voltage Va and utilizes a constant field current shown in figure 2. Load i La Ra Va ia Vb ω τ Fig 2: Armature Voltage Control Method The armature controlled can be expressed by equations as: Iω = -b.ω + Kt iaTL (1) Va - Vb = La dt dia + Ra.ia (2) Where b bV K   In the state-space form, the equation of DC Motor is: Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 3 0 1 1 0 t a L a ba a a a a b K d I I V TI R Ki idt L L L                                       (3) 3. Programmable Logic Controller DC motors are one of the devices that can be connected and controlled by PLC [17]. The PLC-based control system is a microprocessor-based controller. In this, a memory specifically programmable memory is used to store the instructions and various functions. Presently Programmable Logic Controller is vastly used in industry [6]. The PLC is a functional computer employed in the machines where the control and operation of completion manner [18, 19]. It is the function of the programmable retention, accumulation guidance, and finishing including ON and OFF shown in figure 4. Figure 3 shows the basic arrangement of PLC incorporated within the trainer. There are 20 I/O connectors, from which 10 for input and 10 for output, and a voltage stabilizer is used to maintain the required voltage. PLCLED Lights Input and Output Connectors ON OFF Pushbuttons Stabilizer Power Supply Extension Fig 3: PLC 4. PLC Ladder Diagram For ease of programming, the programmable controller is advanced by adopting existing relay ladder design and expressions to take as program logics, necessary to control the machine or process. A relay ladder diagram is shown in figure 6. Other part of factory Industrial network (middle level) Central PLC Controller Input Sensing devices Output load devices Local PLC Controller Visual and Sound signals Local process control system Fig 4: PLC Layout PLC Input Control Program Outputs Fig 5: PLC as a Control Action (Y1) (T1 K200) (Y2) (T2 K200) X1 T1 Y1 T2 T1 T2 Y2 Fig 6: Ladder Diagram of a PLC Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 4 4.1 DC Motor Characteristics with Armature Controller The characteristic of the motor means the determination relationship between speed, power, and current without load. Figure 7 shows the experimental setup of the dc series motor with the Armature controller. 4.1.1 Torque vs. speed characteristics of DC Motor with Armature Controller The characteristic result of torque vs. speed of dc series motor is presented in Table 1 and graphically present shown in figure 8. In this table there are different levels of supply voltages are supplied and different torque are applied as a load from 0 Nm to 1 Nm in equal of 1 step respectively in order to observe the effectiveness of torque on the speed of DC Motor. It is clearly mentioned in the table that if the value of torque increased from 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm than the speed of DC Motor decreased Figure 8 illustrates that as supply voltages raises from 30 to 50 voltages the speed of DC series motor is increased but as torque increases simultaneously the speed of dc series motor decreases. Fig 7: Experimental setup of DC Series Motor with Armature Controller Table 1: Toque Speed Characteristics with Armature Controller Torque (N-M) V=30 v V=35 v V=40 v V=45 v V=50 v Armature Controller Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) 0 1125 1440 1750 1980 2280 0.1 1065 1380 1690 1930 2265 0.2 1034 1336 1620 1890 2110 0.3 1000 1278 1555 1850 2080 0.4 968 1240 1510 1740 1960 0.5 924 1210 1470 1680 1910 0.6 886 1170 1400 1580 1703 0.7 868 1135 1340 1500 1680 0.8 852 1090 1290 1430 1660 0.9 809 1030 1280 1370 1600 1 770 1008 1222 1340 1530 Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 5 Fig 8: Torque vs. Speed characteristics of DC Series Motor 4.1.2 Torque vs. Current characteristics of DC Series Motor with Armature Controller Result of torque and current characteristic of DC series motor presented in table 2 and graphically present in figure 9. In this table there are different levels of supply voltages are supplied and different torque are applied as a load from 0 Nm to 1 Nm in equal of 1 step respectively in order to observe the effectiveness torque on the speed of DC Motor. Clearly mention in the table that if the value of torque varies from 0.1 N-m to 1 N-m than the speed of DC Motor decreased. Table 2: Torque Current characteristics DC Series Motor Torque (N-M) V=30V V=35V V=40V V=45 V V=50V Armature Controller Current (A) Current (A) Current (A) Current (A) Current (A) 0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 1 1 1 1 1 0.8 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Torque-Speed Characteristics of DC Series Motor 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm} S p e e d o f M o to r (r p m ) V = 30 Volts V = 35 Volts V = 40 Volts V = 45 Volts V = 50 Volts Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 6 Fig 9: Torque vs. Current characteristics of DC Series Motor 4.1.3 Torque vs. Power characteristics of DC Series Motor with Armature Controller The characteristic result of the torque and power of DC Series Motor is presented in table 3 and graphically present shown in figure 10. In this table there are different levels of supply voltages are supplied and different torque are applied as a load from 0 Nm to 1 Nm in equal of 1 step respectively to observe the effectiveness of torque on the speed of DC Motor. Here clearly mention in the table that if the value of torque increased from 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm than the speed of DC Motor decreased. Table 3 Torque Power characteristics DC Series Motor Torque (N-M) V=30 V V=35 V V=40 V V=45 V V=50 V Armature Controller Power (Watt) Power (Watt) Power (Watt) Power (Watt) Power (Watt) 0 24 24.5 28 31.5 35 0.1 24 28 32 36 40 0.2 24 28 32 36 40 0.3 24 31.5 36 40.5 40 0.4 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.5 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.6 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.7 30 35 40 45 50 0.8 30 35 40 45 50 0.9 30 35 40 45 50 1 30 35 40 45 50 Torque-Current Characteristics of DC Series Motor 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm} C ur re nt o f M ot or (A m pe re s) V = 30 Volts V = 30- 50 Volts V = 35- 50 Volts V = 35- 50 Volts V = 30 Volts Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 7 Fig 10: Torque Power characteristics of DC Series Motor 4.2 Experimental structure of DC Series Motor with PLC `Experimental setup is illustrated in figure 11. HGDC FEBA 0 1 0 250 200 150 100 50 10 50 40 30 20 0.6 0.4 0.2 10 8 0.8 1.0 2 4 6 0 DC Voltmeter DC Ammeter 230 V Output L1 NL3L2 + - L1 L2 L3 N + - 0-100 1 A 10 A L1 L2 L3 ~ ~ Y 0 Y 1 Y 2 Y 3 Y 4 Y 5 Y 6 Y 7 Y 8 Y 9 + - S X 13 X1 2 X 11 X1 0 X 9 X 8 X 7 X 6 X 5 X 4 X 3 X 2 X 1 X 0 + - Input Output Fuse Range 500 V 250 V 50 V Com 10 A 5 A 1 A Com Variable O/P Voltage Fixed DC O/P 220 5 A Max. 3-ɸ Circuit Breaker with no voltage release PC Fig 11: Experimental structure of DC Series Motor with PLC 4.2.1 DC Motor Torque vs. speed characteristics with PLC The characteristic result of torque vs. speed of DC series motor is presented in Table 4 and graphically present shown in figure 12. In this table there are different levels of supply voltages are supplied and different torque are applied as a load from 0 Nm to 1 Nm in equal of 1 step respectively to observe the effectiveness of torque on the speed of DC Motor. It’s clearly mentioned in the table that if the value of torque increased from 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm than the speed of dc motor decreased. Torque-Power Characteristics of DC Series Motor 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm} P o w er o f M o to r (W at ts ) V = 50 Volts V = 30 Volts V = 35 Volts V = 40 Volts V = 45 Volts Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 8 Table 4: DC Series Motor Torque vs. Speed characteristics with PLC Torque (N-M) V=30 v V=35 v V=40 v V=45 v V=50 v With PLC Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) Speed (RPM) 0 1000 1200 1530 1736 1940 0.1 982 1150 1520 1690 1700 0.2 950 1130 1480 1650 1680 0.3 880 1070 1320 1470 1590 0.4 870 1060 1300 1460 1580 0.5 850 978 1150 1290 1400 0.6 800 950 1140 1230 1380 0.7 670 900 1040 1200 1250 0.8 650 833 1000 1100 1230 0.9 630 820 935 1060 1220 1 594 800 900 980 1150 Fig 12: DC Series Motor Torque vs. Speed characteristics with PLC [5] Torque vs. current characteristics of DC Series Motor with PLC The characteristic result of torque and current of DC series motor is presented in table 5 and graphically present shown in figure 13. In this table there are different levels of supply voltages are supplied and different torque are applied as a load from 0 Nm to 1 Nm in equal of 1 step respectively to observe the effectiveness of torque on the speed of DC Motor. It is clearly mentioned in the table that if the value of torque varies from 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm than the speed of DC motor decreased. Torque-Speed Characteristics of DC Series Motor With PLC 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm} S p ee d o f M o to r (r p m ) V = 30 Volts V = 35 Volts V = 40 Volts V = 45 Volts V = 50 Volts Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 9 Table 5: DC Series Motor Torque Current characteristics with PLC Fig 13: DC series Motor Torque vs. Current characteristics of with PLC 4.2.2 DC Series Motor Torque power characteristics with PLC Characteristic result of torque power of DC series motor presented in table 6 and graphically present in figure 14. In this table respectively to observe the effectiveness of torque on the speed of DC Motor. It is clearly mentioned in the table that if the value of torque increased from 0.1 Nm to 1 Nm than the speed of DC motor decreased Torque (N -M) V =30 v V =35 v V =40 v V =45 v V =50 v With PLC Current (A) Current (A) Current (A) Current (A) Current (A) 0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.5 1 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.6 1.2 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 Torque-Current Characteristics of DC Series Motor with PLC 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm} C u rr e n t o f M o to r (A m p e re s ) V = 30- 40 Volts V = 30- 50 Volts V = 45- 50 Volts V = 30- 50 Volts V = 30 Volts V = 30- 35 Volts V = 40- 50 Volts V = 35 Volts V = 40- 50 Volts V = 30- 45 Volts V = 50 Volts Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 10 Table 6 Torque Power characteristics DC Series Motor with PLC Fig14: DC Series Motor Torque vs. Power characteristics with PLC Torque (N-M) V=30V V=35V V=40 V V=45 V V=50 V With PLC Power (Watt) Power (Watt) Power (Watt) Power (Watt) Power (Watt) 0 24 28 32 40.5 45 0.1 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.2 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.3 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.4 27 31.5 36 40.5 45 0.5 30 35 44 49.5 55 0.6 36 35 44 49.5 55 0.7 36 42 48 54 60 0.8 36 42 48 54 65 0.9 36 42 48 54 65 1 39 45.5 52 58.5 65 Torque-Power Characteristics of DC Series Motor with PLC 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm} P ow er o f M ot or (W at ts ) V = 50 Volts V = 30 Volts V = 35 Volts V = 40 Volts V = 45 Volts Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 11 Table 7 Comparison of Torque Speed characteristics DC Series Motor PLC with Armature Controller 4.3 Characteristics comparison of DC Series Motor with PLC and Armature Controller A comparison between PLC and armature controller here is presented. 4.3.1 Comparison Torque vs. speed characteristics of DC Series Motor with PLC and Armature Controller A comparison between torque and speed are shown in table 7 and graphically represented in figure 15. Torqu e (N .m) Speed (rpm) V = 30v V = 35v V = 40v V = 45v V = 50v Witho ut PLC Wit h PL C Witho ut PLC Wit h PL C Witho ut PLC Wit h PL C Witho ut PLC Wit h PL C Witho ut PLC Wit h PL C 0 1125 100 0 1440 120 0 1750 153 0 1980 173 6 2280 194 0 0.1 1065 982 1380 115 0 1690 152 0 1930 169 0 2265 170 0 0.2 1034 950 1336 113 0 1620 148 0 1890 165 0 2110 168 0 0.3 1000 880 1278 107 0 1555 132 0 1850 147 0 2080 159 0 0.4 968 870 1240 106 0 1510 130 0 1740 146 0 1960 158 0 0.5 924 850 1210 978 1470 115 0 1680 129 0 1910 140 0 0.6 886 800 1170 950 1400 114 0 1580 123 0 1703 138 0 0.7 868 670 1135 900 1340 104 0 1500 120 0 1680 125 0 0.8 852 650 1090 833 1290 100 0 1430 110 0 1660 123 0 0.9 809 630 1030 820 1280 935 1370 106 0 1600 122 0 1 770 594 1008 800 1222 900 1340 980 1530 115 0 Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 12 Fig 15: Graphically representation of Torque and Speed of DC Series motor with PLC and Armature controller [5]. 4.3.2 Characteristics Comparison of Torque vs. current of DC Series Motor with PLC and Armature Controller Comparison between torque and current are shown in table 8 and graphically represented in figure 16. Table 8 Comparison of Torque Current characteristics DC Series Motor PLC with Armature Controller Torqu e (NM) Current (Ampere) V =30v V =35v V =40v V =45v V =50v Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC 0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.9 1 0.9 1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.7 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 0.8 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.3 0.9 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.3 1 1 1.3 1 1.3 1 1.3 1 1.3 1 1.3 Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 13 Fig 16: Graphically representation of Torque and Current of DC Series motor with PLC and Armature controller 4.3.3 Comparison Torque power characteristics of DC Series Motor with PLC and Armature Controller Comparison between torque and current are shown in table 9 and graphically represented in figure 17. Table 9 Comparison of Torque Power characteristics DC Series Motor PLC with Armature Controller Torque (N- M) Power V =30v V =35v V =40v V =45v V =50v Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC Witho ut PLC With PLC 0 24 24 24.5 28 28 32 31.5 40.5 35 45 0.1 24 27 28 31.5 32 36 36 40.5 40 45 0.2 24 27 28 31.5 32 36 36 40.5 40 45 0.3 24 27 31.5 31.5 36 36 40.5 40.5 40 45 0.4 27 27 31.5 31.5 36 36 40.5 40.5 45 45 0.5 27 30 31.5 35 36 44 40.5 49.5 45 55 0.6 27 36 31.5 35 36 44 40.5 49.5 45 55 0.7 30 36 35 42 40 48 45 54 50 60 0.8 30 36 35 42 40 48 45 54 50 65 0.9 30 36 35 42 40 48 45 54 50 65 1 30 39 35 45.5 40 52 45 58.5 50 65 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.4 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Torque (Nm) C u rr e n t (A m p e re s ) V = 35- 50Volts V = 30- 45Volts V = 30Volts V = 50Volts V = 50Volts Without PLC With PLC Mohsin Ali (et al.), Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques (pp. 1 - 15) SJET | ISSN: 2616-7069 | Vol. 3 | No. 1 | © 2020 Sukkur IBA University 14 Fig 17: Graphically representation of Torque and Power of DC Series motor with PLC and Armature controller. Figure 17 represents the relationship between power with respect to torque with and without PLC. At different voltages from 30 to 50 V as torque gradually increases from 0 NM to 1 NM power is increased. 5 Conclusion and Future Work In this paper, the characteristics results of DC Series Motor have been obtained by using different controller techniques such as PLC and Armature controllers. In the above results and discussion, it can be easily understood that the best results are obtained by using PLC as compare to the armature controller. By this research work, speed and torque of DC Motor can be controlled for laboratories and industrial applications. This work can be further enhanced in the future in the following ways.  It can be applied in industry.  It is also used in an educational institute.  An adaptive controller can be used for Motor control.  Combined controlling techniques with PLC can be used to observe torque vs. speed characteristics.  Matlab based Motor can be simulated for power drives and medical appliances. References [1] P. Malviya and M. Dubey, 2015, “Speed control of DC Motor a Review”, International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Research Technology, 4(8), pages 298-305. [2] N. Tripathi, R. Singh and R. yadav, 2015, “Analysis of Speed Control of DC Motor –A review study”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(8). [3] S. B. Kumar, M. H. Ali and A. Sinha, 2014, “Design and Simulation of Speed Control of DC Motor by Artificial Neural Network Technique”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(7). [4] M. A. Koondhar, A. K. Junejo, A. S. Saand, and M. U. 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