item: #1 of 29 id: mjia-1 author: Batbayar, Ts title: Ulaanbaatar Forum: Why and what for? date: 2011-03-16 words: 19 flesch: 54 summary: 403 Forbidden Forbidden You don't have permission to access this resource. Apache/2.4.54 (Ubuntu) Server at www.mongoliajol.info Port 443 keywords: apache/2.4.54 cache: mjia-1.pdf plain text: mjia-1.txt item: #2 of 29 id: mjia-1023 author: Soni, Sharad K title: The Geopolitical Dilemma of Small States in External Relations: Mongolia’s Tryst with ‘Immediate’ and ‘Third’ Neighbours date: 2018-09-27 words: 7789 flesch: 37 summary: Yet, China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor is not without its challenges given that China had blocked Mongolia border in December 2016 after the Dalai Lama’s visit to Ulaanbaatar. Meanwhile, Mongolian foreign policy had already affirmed that Mongolia would focus its attention on developing friendly relations with states beyond its geographic neighbours. keywords: china; dilemma; foreign; international; mongolia; neighbours; new; partnership; policy; relations; russia; security; soviet; states; strategic cache: mjia-1023.pdf plain text: mjia-1023.txt item: #3 of 29 id: mjia-1026 author: Dierkes, Julian; Jargalsaikhan, Mendee title: Mongolia In An Emerging Northeast Asian Region date: 2018-09-27 words: 4062 flesch: 42 summary: This reaches back into the early socialist era, on the one hand, but has been kept an active relationship by democratic Mongolia as well. Any regionalization would be in Mongolia’s national interest . keywords: asian; china; example; integration; korea; mongolia; northeast; policy; region cache: mjia-1026.pdf plain text: mjia-1026.txt item: #4 of 29 id: mjia-110 author: Christoffersen, Gaye title: Angarsk as a Challenge for the East Asian Energy Community date: 2013-09-15 words: 9940 flesch: 40 summary: The issue of Chinese energy security had been inserted into the 10th five- year plan (2001-2005), for the first time recognizing it as a security issue. They argued for reliance on pipeline systems similar to European and American practice, and increased integration with world energy markets, stating “The globalization of the world economy and multipolar trend in political relations is working in favor of China’s access to international markets and Chinese energy security.”10 keywords: affairs; angarsk; asian; china; chinese; community; cooperation; energy; energy security; gas; japan; japanese; journal; middle; northeast; number; oil; pipeline; project; russian; security; strategy cache: mjia-110.pdf plain text: mjia-110.txt item: #5 of 29 id: mjia-1232 author: Dashnyam, Zolboo; Tsend, Baatar title: Mongolian-Russian Border Cooperation: The Role of the Republic of Buryatia date: 2022-12-29 words: 4603 flesch: 48 summary: The agreement will reduce the cost of imported goods, increase the flow of exports and imports, make foreign trade more transparent, flexible and efficient, ensure the freedom of transit through Mongolia, increase competition, and create equal opportunities for business. 23, December 2022 Mongolia Russia and Mongolia Buryat trade and economic cooperation legal basis is “Agreement between the Government of Mongolia and the Government of the Russian Federation on Supporting Regional and Border Cooperation” signed in Ulaanbaatar on September 3, 20191. keywords: border; buryatia; cooperation; countries; exports; goods; mongolia; percent; products; russian; trade cache: mjia-1232.pdf plain text: mjia-1232.txt item: #6 of 29 id: mjia-1566 author: Sternberg, Troy; Pinho, Joanna Roque de; Batjav, Batbuyan title: Pastoral Khans: from Mongolian Steppe to African Savannah date: 2022-10-22 words: 4889 flesch: 40 summary: Nowhere is this better demonstrated than the timely investigation and sharing of pandemic practices from Mongolia pastoralists to external audiences and dryland dwellers in North America, Africa and Central Asia. The more than US$1 million in funding that authors have received for these projects represent the potent face of pastoral Mongolia to international studies. keywords: african; community; country; covid-19; global; herders; herding; international; mongolian; pastoral; pastoralists; policy; research; studies; university cache: mjia-1566.pdf plain text: mjia-1566.txt item: #7 of 29 id: mjia-1770 author: Larin, Viktor title: New Architecture of Pacific Asia in the 21st Century : Opportunities and Challenges for Mongolia and Pacific Russia date: 2021-12-30 words: 5289 flesch: 52 summary: This situation is natural because while the Mongolian government correlates the country’s development trends mainly with the challenges that are emerging in the Eurasian space, undoubtedly taking into account the collisions of the global world, the people who determine Russia’s Pacific policy both in its external (relations with the countries of Pacific Asia) and internal (development of Pacific Russia) refractions, operate primarily in the global and Euro-Atlantic coordinate system. Opportunities and Challenges for Mongolia and Pacific Russia Obviously, the designers of the Indo- Pacific version of integration do not envisage the presence of such “authoritarian revisionist powers” as China and Russia in it. keywords: asia; century; china; chinese; development; international; mongolia; pacific; pacific russia; region; russia cache: mjia-1770.pdf plain text: mjia-1770.txt item: #8 of 29 id: mjia-2 author: Scalapino, Robert A title: Message from Robert A Scalapino on the Occasion of the Inauguration of the Ulaanbaatar Forum for East Asia date: 2011-03-16 words: 639 flesch: 48 summary: This is a most appropriate time to launch a forum on East Asia in Mongolia. Major differences in stage of development, political system, and culture have made meaningful strategic and political achievements difficult. keywords: asia; mongolia cache: mjia-2.pdf plain text: mjia-2.txt item: #9 of 29 id: mjia-24 author: Umebayashi, Hiromichi title: Second Generation Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone: Mixing Noble Ideas and Hard Reality date: 2011-03-17 words: 19 flesch: 54 summary: 403 Forbidden Forbidden You don't have permission to access this resource. Apache/2.4.54 (Ubuntu) Server at www.mongoliajol.info Port 443 keywords: apache/2.4.54 cache: mjia-24.pdf plain text: mjia-24.txt item: #10 of 29 id: mjia-2403 author: Dygas, Rober title: Multilateral Economic Ties of Mongolia with its Asian Trading Partners in period of 2011-2021 date: 2022-12-29 words: 7666 flesch: 47 summary: Keywords: Mongolia trade, CMREC, BRI, Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), the third neighbour policy, APTA, CAREC JEL:F21 Introduction Mongolia a parliamentary republic is the country which borders only China and Russia and is the object of close attention not only from its geographic neighbours, but also from non-regional states referred to as “the third neighbour” according to the policy known as Mongolia’s National Security Concept adopted by Mongolia’s parliament on June 30, 1994. The author made the search of the items using a key word Mongolia trade and as the result 671 positions were classified as “the most relevant”. keywords: asian; china; data; economic; economy; india; korea; mongolia; partners; period; south; trade; trading; trading partners cache: mjia-2403.pdf plain text: mjia-2403.txt item: #11 of 29 id: mjia-2423 author: Zul, Zugeerbai; Cheng, Hyunwook title: An Inefficacious Shock Therapy?: A Critical Analysis of Mongolian Neoliberal Reforms date: 2022-12-29 words: 7231 flesch: 49 summary: He initially stated that Mongolia would formulate national economic policies based on 13 economic indicators: (1) foreign loans, (2) currency depreciation, (3) the consumer price index, (4) foreign trade imbalance (trade deficit), (5) the budget deficit for GDP, (6) investment, (7) money supply, (8) budget balance ratios, (9) bad accounting, (10) GDP deflation, (11) GDP growth, (12) GDP per capita, and (13) the unemployment rate. Abstract: This research aims to critically review the development process and connotation of neoliberal reform in Mongolia, which has been implemented since 1991 under the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) program. keywords: bank; development; economy; gdp; government; market; mongolia; national; percent; policy; poverty; privatization; rate; reforms; shock; therapy cache: mjia-2423.pdf plain text: mjia-2423.txt item: #12 of 29 id: mjia-2458 author: Dashnyam, Zolboo title: Editorial date: 2022-12-29 words: 669 flesch: 30 summary: Next, we have an article entitled “Mongolian-Russian Border Cooperation: The Role of the Republic of Buryatia”, by Prof. Dr. Zolboo Dashnyam, director of Institute of International Studies, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, which emphasizes the expanding cooperation in border areas of Mongolia and Republic of Buryatia, Russian Federation. First article in this volume is “Pastoral Khans: from Mongolian Steppe to African Savannah”, by Prof. Dr. Troy Sternberg, Oxford University, Dr. Joana Roque de Pinho, a senior researcher at Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal, and Dr. Batbuyan Batjav, director of Center for Nomadic Pastoralist Studies. keywords: international; journal; mongolian cache: mjia-2458.pdf plain text: mjia-2458.txt item: #13 of 29 id: mjia-28 author: Kawasaki, Akira title: Northeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone - Necessity and Challenges date: 2011-03-17 words: 2988 flesch: 42 summary: The fundamental basis behind the “3 plus 3” proposal consists of the 1992 Joint Declaration for Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, Japan’s Three Non-Nuclear Principles, and the negative security 1 The fourth paragraph of the Joint Statement of the Fourth Round of the Six-Party Talks, September 19, 2005, declares that “the Six Parties committed to joint efforts for lasting peace and stability in Northeast Asia.” 2 Peace Depot, A Model Treaty on the Northeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone: http://www.peacedepot.org/e-news/workingpaper1.pdf 89Number 14, 2007 The Mongolian Journal of International Affairs assurance (NSA) commitments by the nuclear-weapon states to the non- nuclear-weapon states to neither use nor threaten to use nuclear weapons. The idea of a Northeast Asia NWFZ is based on the Japanese Three Non-Nuclear 91Number 14, 2007 The Mongolian Journal of International Affairs Principles and the negative security assurance, or the pledge of no threat or use of nuclear weapons, by the nuclear-weapon states, including the US. keywords: asia; japan; northeast; nuclear; nwfz; weapons cache: mjia-28.pdf plain text: mjia-28.txt item: #14 of 29 id: mjia-30 author: Gourley, Bernard title: Limited Nuclear Weapons Free Zone-Northeast Asia: Overview date: 2011-03-17 words: 1289 flesch: 50 summary: What must be remembered is that the LNWFZ-NEA as it has been proposed is not meant to create the final once-and-for-all disposition of the question of nuclear weapons in the region. For example, Japan’s continued willingness to forgo nuclear weapons is influenced by China’s nuclear doctrine and posture; China’s nuclear policy is influenced by Russia’s and US’s, and so on. keywords: nea; nuclear; weapons; zone cache: mjia-30.pdf plain text: mjia-30.txt item: #15 of 29 id: mjia-362 author: Magi, Alvin; Mansbach, Richard W title: Mongolian Security in the 21st Century: In quest of Friends and Partners, Not Allies date: 2014-12-15 words: 19 flesch: 54 summary: 403 Forbidden Forbidden You don't have permission to access this resource. Apache/2.4.54 (Ubuntu) Server at www.mongoliajol.info Port 443 keywords: apache/2.4.54 cache: mjia-362.pdf plain text: mjia-362.txt item: #16 of 29 id: mjia-4 author: Enkhsaikhan, J title: Mongolia's Non-nuclear Status - An Important Element of Foreign Policy date: 2011-03-16 words: 5567 flesch: 40 summary: Moreover, while supporting Mongolia’s adoption of its first Constitution, which was co-authored with them, the Soviets were at the same time secretly negotiating an agreement with China, in which Article Five stipulated that the Soviet Union “recognizes Outer Mongolia as an integral part of the Republic of China, and respects China’s sovereignty therein” and promised to withdraw Soviet troops from Mongolia after negotiations a forthcoming border conference. Basic principles of new foreign policy Thus Mongolia declared that its foreign policy objectives would in the future be to ensure its independence and sovereignty by following the trends of human advancement, and not through social experimentation, that it would pursue an open, non-aligned foreign policy and avoid past patterns of becoming overly reliant on any one country or group of countries. keywords: china; mongolia; nuclear; policy; relations; russia; soviet; states cache: mjia-4.pdf plain text: mjia-4.txt item: #17 of 29 id: mjia-409 author: Cheng, Ter-Hsing title: Between Sinology and Socialism: Collective Memory of Czech Sinologists in the 1950s date: 2015-02-07 words: 8221 flesch: 57 summary: This paper, fi rstly, discusses the background framework of constructing the Czech sinologists in the 1950s— the link between new China and the other socialist countries, and the relation between Prusek and socialist China. This paper, fi rstly, discusses how the background framework of Czech sinologist in the 1950s has been constructed—the link between new China and the other socialist countries, and the relation between Prusek and socialist China. keywords: 1950s; china; chinese; czech; framework; memory; people; prusek; sinologists; sinology; socialist; students cache: mjia-409.pdf plain text: mjia-409.txt item: #18 of 29 id: mjia-430 author: Quester, GH title: American Sensitivity toward Mongolia date: 2015-05-01 words: 3073 flesch: 48 summary: Communist China still pretends to be atheist in its outlook and opposed to religion, although the restraints on religion are much less than they used to be, with the result that Christianity, Islam and Buddhism are booming again across China. Yet a growth in such links would seem almost inevitable, when one simply looks at the amount of Taiwan investment in Communist China. keywords: americans; china; chinese; mongolia; states; united cache: mjia-430.pdf plain text: mjia-430.txt item: #19 of 29 id: mjia-5 author: Lousianin, Sergey G title: 2006: Russia's View on the NorthEast Asia Security Landscape - The Mongolian Aspect date: 2011-03-16 words: 2006 flesch: 48 summary: This might serve as an additional incentive for the change of Russo-Chinese trade structure, as well as of the shift of Russia’s trade with other NEA nations. More or less, the adaptation process has been already experienced by other NEA nations, while Russia is only at the beginning of the adaptation. keywords: china; energy; nea; russia; security cache: mjia-5.pdf plain text: mjia-5.txt item: #20 of 29 id: mjia-66 author: Tuya, N title: Democracy and Poverty: A Lesson from Mongolia date: 2013-08-12 words: 2091 flesch: 41 summary: The lesson to be drawn from this experience is that, early on in the transition process, new democracies should put economic liberty and transparency on a par with other democratic values such as regular elections, rule of law, human rights, freedom of association and freedom of speech. The country’s experience also suggests that it is important for national leaders in new democracies to fully embrace and own the goals and targets of poverty reduction and democratic governance -- and to lead. keywords: democracy; governance; mongolia; poverty cache: mjia-66.pdf plain text: mjia-66.txt item: #21 of 29 id: mjia-71 author: Khatanbold, O title: The Current State of Democracy and Democratic Governance in Mongolia date: 2013-08-13 words: 7493 flesch: 45 summary: Furthermore, Mongolia control of corruption and Corruption Perceptions Index went down to 2.7 on a scale of 1 to 10 or shifted to “uncontrollable” ranking.17 Chart 5. Despite the many unique features that characterise Mongolia, the follow-up activities reflect a common set of challenges faced by many new democracies, as well as many mature democracies, suggesting Mongolia joins other democracies in the world in struggling to develop long-lasting democratic institutions and to inculcate deeply felt democratic values. keywords: assessment; citizens; corruption; democracy; democratic; governance; government; human; law; mongolia; percent; public; report; rights; state; survey cache: mjia-71.pdf plain text: mjia-71.txt item: #22 of 29 id: mjia-72 author: None title: mjia-72 date: 2013-08-10 words: 4957 flesch: 50 summary: 2 Larry Diamond, “The Impact of the Economic Crisis: Why Democracies Survive,” Jour- nal of Democracy 22 (January 2011), p. 27. So far, third wave democracies have mainly responded to economic crisis and pain by replacing incumbent governments at the ballot box, rather than by replacing democratic regimes. keywords: authoritarian; china; countries; democracies; democracy; rule; wave; world; years cache: mjia-72.htm plain text: mjia-72.txt item: #23 of 29 id: mjia-76 author: Editor, The title: Constitution of Mongolia date: 2013-08-13 words: 8475 flesch: 55 summary: If the State Ih Hural does not take decision on the matter, the Presidential decree shall be void. Article 24 1. Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the State Ih Hural shall be nominated and elected from among the members of the State Ih Hural by secret ballot. keywords: article; government; ih hural; law; members; mongolia; president; right; state ih cache: mjia-76.pdf plain text: mjia-76.txt item: #24 of 29 id: mjia-83 author: Batbayar, Tsedenbamba title: Grand Union between Tibet and Mongolia: Unfulfilled Dream of the 13th Dalai Lama date: 2013-08-14 words: 2500 flesch: 61 summary: The fear of domination and eventual assimilation by China’s huge population, was always at the heart of the Mongolian and Tibetan perception of the Chinese threat.2 The Dalai Lama in Mongolia 1904-1906 Because of Francis Younghusband’s well known expedition to Lhasa the thir- teenth Dalai Lama fled northwards to Mongolia in September 2004. All evidences suggest that the 13th Dalai Lama initiated the idea of estab- lishing the Grand Union between Tibet and Mongolia during his forced exile in Mongolia in 1904-1906. keywords: dalai; dalai lama; lama; mongolia; russian; tibet cache: mjia-83.pdf plain text: mjia-83.txt item: #25 of 29 id: mjia-85 author: Hishida, Masaharu title: Stability under Destabilization The Current State of the Chinese Communist Party date: 2013-08-14 words: 4851 flesch: 40 summary: Whatever it may have aimed for in the past, it is clear that at this stage contemporary China is neither of the above, and the pres- ence of dissatisfactions can be said to be a universal, normal state of affairs in China. As such, on the issue of neighboring China alone, despite the criticism sometimes heard that the Japanese people refuse to give clear “yes” or “no” answers, their clarity rivals that of the French. keywords: china; chinese; class; demonstration; dissatisfaction; party; people; state; u.s; world cache: mjia-85.pdf plain text: mjia-85.txt item: #26 of 29 id: mjia-88 author: Editor, The title: The Concept of National Security date: 2013-08-15 words: 19 flesch: 54 summary: 403 Forbidden Forbidden You don't have permission to access this resource. Apache/2.4.54 (Ubuntu) Server at www.mongoliajol.info Port 443 keywords: apache/2.4.54 cache: mjia-88.pdf plain text: mjia-88.txt item: #27 of 29 id: mjia-9 author: Editor, The title: Policy recommendations on enhancing the role of Mongolia in Northeast Asia date: 2011-03-16 words: 19 flesch: 54 summary: 403 Forbidden Forbidden You don't have permission to access this resource. Apache/2.4.54 (Ubuntu) Server at www.mongoliajol.info Port 443 keywords: apache/2.4.54 cache: mjia-9.pdf plain text: mjia-9.txt item: #28 of 29 id: mjia-92 author: Bedeski, Robert E title: Mongolia in Northeast Asia: Issues of Security Survival and Diplomacy: Mongolia’s Place in Asia Today date: 2013-09-02 words: 4464 flesch: 39 summary: Chinese economic and demographic expansion will directly impact Mongolia and the precedent of the sinification of Inner Mongolia demonstrates new challenges to the isolated Mongolian Republic. Mongolia has a 4776 km border with China’s Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. keywords: affairs; china; chinese; economic; foreign; military; mongolia; national; number; security; soviet cache: mjia-92.pdf plain text: mjia-92.txt item: #29 of 29 id: mjia-99 author: Batbold, Mr; Armitage, Mr title: Joint Statement on Bilateral and Regional Cooperation between Mongolia and the United States of America date: 2013-09-02 words: 1074 flesch: 29 summary: The U.S. supports Mongolia’s efforts to create an environment conducive to attracting investment, both domestic and foreign and reaffirms its interest in facilitating investment in Mongolia, utilizing, for example, the facilities of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), pursuant to the Investment Incentive Agreement in effect between the United States and Mongolia since 1991, and providing business development assistance to small- and medium-size rural enterprises and to rural labor displaced to urban areas. For Mongolia Vice Foreign Minister Batbold For the United States of America Deputy Secretary of State Armitage keywords: investment; mongolia; u.s cache: mjia-99.pdf plain text: mjia-99.txt