CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EDITION The University of Johannesburg acquired The Thinker in April 2019 f rom Dr Essop Pahad. Over the last decade, The Thinker has gained a reputation as a journal that explores Pan-Af rican issues across fields and times. Ronit Frenkel, as the incoming editor, plans on maintaining the pan-Af rican scope of the journal while increasing its coverage into fields such as books, art, literature and popular cultures. The Thinker is a ‘hybrid’ journal, publishing both journalistic pieces with more academic articles and contributors can now opt to have their submissions peer reviewed. We welcome Af rica-centred articles f rom diverse perspectives, in order to enrich both knowledge of the continent and of issues impacting the continent. - All contributing analysts write in their personal capacity Prof Ronit Frenkel Tlhabane Mokhine ‘Dan’ Motaung is a former student and youth activist. He has published articles in the mainstream media and chapters in edited volumes. He is currently a civil servant. His interests include classical antiquity, history (South African, African, and world), international political economy, classical and African philosophy, and rejected knowledge. George Hull is a senior lecturer and NRF Y1-rated researcher in the Philosophy Department, University of Cape Town. He lectures on Political Philosophy, Philosophy of Race, Business Ethics, and History of Philosophy. Together with Jimmy Winfield and Greg Fried, he co-authored Business Ethics and Other Paradoxes: How Philosophy Answers Questions About the Ethics of Business (Fairest Cape Press, 2014). He is editor of The Equal Society: Essays on Equality in Theory and Practice (Lexington Books, 2015) and Debating African Philosophy: Perspectives on Identity, Decolonial Ethics and Comparative Philosophy (Routledge, 2019). He has published essays in academic journals and collections on topics including transitional justice, democracy, reification, social equality, affirmative action, higher education funding, and South African literature. Gerson Uaripi Tjihenuna holds a Master’s Degree in Public Policy and a BA Degree in Political Science. He served as a Senior Civil Servant in the Cabinet Office of the Republic of Namibia and the Namibian Parliament respectively. He was the Board Chairperson of Air Namibia (2016–2018) and is currently a Commissioner of Elections in the Republic of Namibia. Furthermore, he was also a Senior Lecturer in Labour Studies at the International University of Management. Tamunodein Princewill is an International Relations student at the University of Cape Town. She comments on the socio-political relations occurring within the Af rican continent, and between the Af rican continent and Western states. Isha Dilraj is a doctoral candidate in the School of Education at the University of Cape Town, and a National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences Scholar. She is currently a Research Assistant for the Political Economy of Education Research (PEER) Network in the Af rican Hub, which is funded by the Global Challenge Research Fund (GCRF) to support ground-breaking impactful research in conflict-affected regions, and is engaging in research using Political Economy Analysis within conflict-affected regions in Af rica. Isha has worked in the higher education sector in South Af rica where she engaged in administration and planning, project management, staff-and- student development, system development, and observing policy formulation and implementation. This experience drives Isha’s resolve to contribute to research in the complex higher education arena in post-apartheid South Af rica and was the catalyst to her pursuing full-time doctoral studies. She has represented UCT at the North-South-South Higher Education Conference in Namibia, which focused on Democracy and Quality Education for All, and at the UN Millennium Development Goals Symposium. Her research interests include education policy, higher education, political economy of education, theories of power, access, and transformation. NOTE FROM THE EDITOR 1 T H E T H I N K E R Letlhokwa George Mpedi completed his B Juris degree (1996) and LLB degree (1998) at Vista University. In 2001, the LLM degree in Labour Law was conferred upon him by the then Rand Af rikaans University (now University of Johannesburg). He was twice the recipient of the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) award (in 2000 and 2001, for purposes of researching in Germany for his LLM dissertation and LLD thesis respectively). Upon completing his LLB, he was employed as a Junior Lecturer in the Department of Mercantile Law at Vista University (Mamelodi Campus). He joined the Centre for International and Comparative Labour and Social Security Law (CICLASS) at the then Rand Af rikaans University as a researcher in 2000. In August 2003, Professor Mpedi accepted a position as a Research Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Social Law in Munich (Germany). Upon his return f rom Germany in 2006, he was employed as a Deputy Director at CICLASS. In the same year, the LLD degree in Mercantile Law was conferred upon him by the University of Johannesburg. Before his current position as Deputy Vice-Chancellor: Academic (designate), Professor Mpedi served as Head of Department of Practical Business Law (January 2011–December 2012), Vice-Dean (January 2013–December 2015), Director at CICLASS (January 2009–December 2015), and Executive Dean (January 2016–December 2020) at the Faculty of Law of the University of Johannesburg. He lectured labour law and social security to LLB, post-graduate, and certificate students. He has delivered papers at numerous national and international conferences. Professor Mpedi publishes on labour law and social security. Kyla Hazell is a popular educator with the NGO Ndifuna Ukwazi, where she supports social movement partners struggling for spatial justice in Cape Town. She serves on the boards of the Restitution Foundation and the Popular Education Programme (PEP). In these positions, Kyla is interested in exploring how ordinary people can activate constitutional rights to address structural inequality. She holds a BA (Hons) in Law, Politics and Philosophy f rom Rhodes University and an MPhil in Justice and Transformation f rom the University of Cape Town (UCT), all with distinction. Her studies were made possible through the consecutive awards of an Allan Gray Orbis Foundation Fellowship and a Nelson Mandela Rhodes Scholarship. Throughout her studies and in the early stages of her career, Kyla has sustained an interest in journalism, working variously for student publications and as a f reelance writer. A.W. Misbach is a journalist who worked for the now- defunct anti-apartheid newspaper SOUTH in the 1990s and as a parliamentary and political correspondent for the Sowetan. He has also worked for several news outlets in Saudi Arabia as a copy editor. He is currently studying towards a PhD at Stellenbosch University, with a focus on racism, Islamophobia, and socio- economic and political debates in South Af rica and the Arab world. Tata Emmanuel Sunjo lectures in the Department of Geography at the University of Buea, where he has been a faculty member since 2015. He is a Governance and Regional Integration Fellow at the Nkafu Policy Institute with the Denis and Lenora Foretia Foundation in Cameroon. His research interests include climate change, the management and use of natural resources, environmental politics and policy, and natural resources- related conflicts. He has published extensively in academic journals and has participated in a number of international conferences and seminars. Dr. Sunjo is also an Associate Editor with the Journal of Resource and Environmental Management (JOREM) and the Af rican Journal of Social Sciences in Cameroon. 2V o l u m e 8 6 / 2 0 2 1 CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EDITION The Journal for Progressive Thought www.thethinker.co.za Publisher English Department University of Johannesburg Kingsway Campus, Auckland Park, Johannesburg Tel:+27 11 559 2553 Editor Prof Ronit Frenkel thethinker@uj.ac.za Design & Art Direction On The Loose matt@ontheloose.co.za Tel:+27 83 302 8969 www.ontheloose.co.za Advisory Council Dr Ademola Araoye (Nigeria), Professor Puleng Lenka Bula (South Africa), Dr Faisal Devji (Tanzania), Professor Chris Landsberg (South Africa), Professor Tshilidzi Marwala (South Af rica), Professor Sabelo J Ndlovu-Gatsheni (Zimbabwe), Dr Morley Nkosi (South Africa), Dr Francis Onditi (Kenya) Professor Eghosa E Osaghae (Nigeria), Dr Mzulcisi Qobo (South Af rica), Dr Garth le Pere (South Africa), Professor Alioune Sall (Senegal), Addai Sebo (Ghana), Dr Mongane Serote (South Af rica), Professor Mammo Muchie (Ethiopia). Material in this publication may not be reproduced in any form without proper citation. Views and opinions expressed in The Thinker are not necessarily those of University of Johannesburg. They can accept no liability of whatsoever nature arising out of or in connection with the contents of the publication. © 2020 University of Johannesburg www.thethinker.co.za CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EDITION 3 T H E T H I N K E R thethinker@uj.ac.za