U J 03 - All-2.pdf 617Vol. 9 | No. 3 | Summer 2012 |U R O LO G Y J O U R N A L Department of Urology, Brighton and Sussex Uni- versity Hospitals NHS Trust, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, United Kingdom Shawket W Alkhayal, Fahad A Rizvi Clinical Features and Management of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Cystitis Corresponding Author: Fahad Rizvi, MD Department of Urology, Sussex House, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Abbey Road, Brighton, BN2 5BE, UK Tel: +44 127 369 6955 E-mail: fahadrizvi@doctors .org.uk Received October 2010 Accepted October 2010 CASE REPORT Keywords: methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, cystitis INTRODUCTION Since its initial detection in Europe in 1960, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus -lin-resistance acquisition and spread are major health care concern. (1,2) - (3,4) invasive.(5) CASE REPORT Case 1 complained of suprapubic discomfort, increased frequency of micturition, and dysuria. - 618 | - - - - - outs. This cleared up her MRSA from the bladder, but she - Case 2 - toselective vaporization of his prostate for symptomatic be- a large trabeculated bladder and a large occlusive prostate mucosa and an ulcerated necrotic area seen at the bladder A repeat cystoscopy 5 months later revealed a tight scarred - serted at later date to treat his incontinence. DISCUSSION Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for a variety of infec- - mation and destruction. These range from relatively benign threatening conditions that can affect almost every organ sys- tem in the body, including the urinary tract.(6) This bacterium can produce more than 20 different toxins, including cytotox- (7) bladders and incontinence that necessitated urinary diver- proper antibiotics against MRSA could have prevented this that both patients acquired the infection from hospital as both - virus infection, alcohol abusers, and diabetic patients, have - tion than the normal population. Less frequent predispos- ing factors encompass chemotactic defects and defects in phagocytosis. - dently adds to these predisposing conditions is chronic staphylococcus aureus carriage.(9,10) Recent hospitalization - for acquiring urinary tract infections. Therefore, prevention of this infection in hospitalized patients by changing and im- Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus cystitis is rare, - - Case Report 619Vol. 9 | No. 3 | Summer 2012 |U R O LO G Y J O U R N A L MRSA Cystitis | Alkhayal and Rizvi nous vancomycin or linezolid should be initiated to treat the infection and prevent further complications. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None declared. REFERENCES 1. Bass JE, Redwine MD, Kramer LA, Huynh PT, Harris JH, Jr. Spectrum of congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava: cross-sectional imaging findings. Radiographics. 2000;20:639-52. 2. Gorak EJ, Yamada SM, Brown JD. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitalized adults and children without known risk factors. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29:797-800. 3. Ito T, Okuma K, Ma XX, Yuzawa H, Hiramatsu K. Insights on antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from its whole genome: genomic island SCC. Drug Resist Updat. 2003;6:41-52. 4. Ma XX, Ito T, Tiensasitorn C, et al. Novel type of staphylococ- cal cassette chromosome mec identified in community-ac- quired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002;46:1147-52. 5. Salgado CD, Farr BM, Calfee DP. Community-acquired me- thicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36:131-9. 6. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Schmitz FJ, et al. Survey of infec- tions due to Staphylococcus species: frequency of occur- rence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveil- lance Program, 1997-1999. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32 Suppl 2:S114-32. 7. Lina G, Piemont Y, Godail-Gamot F, et al. Involvement of Pan- ton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29:1128-32. 8. Laupland KB, Church DL, Mucenski M, Sutherland LR, Davies HD. Population-based study of the epidemiology of and the risk factors for invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections. J Infect Dis. 2003;187:1452-9. 9. Kluytmans J, van Belkum A, Verbrugh H. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology, underlying mecha- nisms, and associated risks. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1997;10:505- 20. 10. Chiang FY, Climo M. Staphylococcus aureus Carriage and Health Care-acquired Infection. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2002;4:498-504.