1491Vol. 11 | No. 02 | March- April 2014 |U R O LO G Y J O U R N A L Intra Urethral Human Papillomavirus Related Warts Following Urinary Tract Instrumentation Morkos Iskander, Nina Patrick, Rahul Mistry St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, England. Corresponding Author: Morkos Iskander, MD St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, England. Tel: +44 0151 280 3006 E-mail: morkos.iskander@doctors. org.uk Received August 2012 Accepted July 2013 St Helen's and Knowsley Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, England. A 68‎years‎old‎man‎with‎a‎history‎of‎a‎G3pT1‎transitional‎cell‎carcinoma‎(TCC)‎with‎a‎carcinoma‎in‎situ‎component‎of‎his‎bladder‎was‎noted‎to‎have‎intraurethral‎tumor‎on‎follow-up‎flexible‎cystoscopy‎(Figures‎1‎and‎2),‎with‎the‎suspicion‎of‎recurrence‎of‎his‎TCC‎being‎raised.‎These‎lesions‎were‎resected‎via‎rigid‎cystoscopy‎and‎examined‎ in‎histopathology,‎where‎a‎diagnosis‎of‎papillary‎squamous‎warts‎was‎made.‎It‎subsequently‎transpired‎that‎this‎patient‎had‎a‎ history‎of‎condylomata‎accuminata.‎He‎now‎undergoes‎cystoscopic‎surveillance‎for‎his‎TCC‎as‎well‎as‎intraurethral‎condy- lomata‎accuminata,‎and‎has‎had‎a‎laser‎ablation‎to‎recurrent‎condylomata‎accuminata. Cases‎of‎condylomata‎accuminata‎of‎the‎lower‎urinary‎tract‎have‎previously‎been‎documented‎in‎literature(1)‎and‎causative‎link‎between‎ human‎papillomavirus‎(HPV)‎infection‎and‎carcinomas‎of‎the‎lower‎urinary‎tract‎have‎recently‎been‎suggested,(2) particularly in the younger population.(3)‎Previously,‎cases‎involving‎intravesical‎condylomata‎accuminata‎were‎described‎in‎immunosuppressed‎patients. (4)‎We‎suggest‎routinely‎including‎enquiry‎full‎genitourinary‎history‎when‎considering‎a‎diagnosis‎of‎urothelial‎carcinoma,‎particularly‎ in a young patient. PICTORIAL REFERENCES 1. Guo CC, Fine SW, Epstein JI. Noninvasive squamous lesions in the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic analy- sis of 29 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:883-91. 2. Kawaguchi S, Shigehara K, Sasagawa T, et al. A case study of human papillomavirus-associated bladder carcinoma developing after urethral condyloma acuminatum. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2012;42:455-8. 3. Alonso FV, Campos RB, Sanz IP, et al. Conservative management of unusual keratinising squamous metapla- sia of the bladder in a 28-year-old female and overview of the literature. Case Rep Urol. 2012;2012:940269. 4. Chrisofos M, Skolarikos A, Lazaris A, Bogris S, Deliveliotis Ch. HPV 16/18-associated condyloma acuminatum of the urinary bladder: first international report and review of literature. Int J STD AIDS. 2004;15:836-8.