221 REVIEW Introduction Ticks are of major concern in the 21st century. There are increasing evidences that incriminate them in the transmission of disease pathogens to human and animals. They are vectors of several protozoal, viral and bacterial diseases (Ahmad et al. 2006, Alam et al. 2013, Garcia 2003, Kakar and Kakarsulemankhel 2008, Tasawar et al. 2014, Warburton 1913), causing economic losses in animals. They are eight‑legged arthropods belonging to the class Arachnida (Ghosh et al. 2007) and have vast diversity of species world‑wide (Khalil et  al. 2018, Rasul and Akhtar 1975, Wall and Shearer 2008). There are nearly 860  species which have been reported throughout the globe (Horak et al. 2003). Ticks are classified into four families i.e. Ixodidae, Argasidae, Laelaptidae and Nuttalliellidae (Anderson and Magnarelli, 2008). Members of the Ixodidae and Argasidae are considered the most important vectors of pathogens causing diseases in humans and animals (Gosh et al. 2007, Omer et al. 2007). Ixodidae (hard ticks) contain 650 while the Argasidae (soft ticks) includes 150 species (Anderson and Magnarelli 2008). Pakistan alone presents huge diversity of ticks due to its geographical location in subtropical region (Rasul and Akhtar 1975). In the country, the most commonly distributed genera are Rhipicephalus, Boophilus, Dermacentor, Amblyomma, Hyalomma, Haemaphysalis, Argas and Ornithodoros (Audouin 1826, Hoogstraal and Varma 1962). Hard tick species have been documented to constitute threat for the human and animal life (Dantas‑Torres 2008, Walker 2003) as they act as a carrier of diseases like theileriosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis and Crimean‑Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) (Jabbar et al. 2015, Ramzan et al. 2018). Checklists are important source of information for any faunal group. It also provides information about its spatial distribution in a particular region or country. No comprehensive check list for tick species of Pakistan is available so far, except a combined list of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh ticks (Gosh et  al. 2007) that lacks complete information about tick fauna of the country. Therefore, there is a need for an updated and comprehensive checklist of tick species in Pakistan to serve as a ready reference 1State key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. 2Institute of Plant Protection, MNS‑University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan. 3Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia. 4Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia . 5Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia. *Corresponding author at: Institute of Plant Protection, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan. E mail: naeem1130@yahoo.com. Keywords Argasidae, Ixodidae, Synonyms, Hosts, Pakistan. Summary In developed and underdeveloped countries, ticks are important vectors transmitting various pathogens that cause diseases of veterinary and public health importance, like babesiosis, theileriosis, Crimean‑Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and many more. Many species of ticks have been reported in scientific literature from Pakistan, which need to be listed for ready reference. For this purpose, a checklist of tick species recorded in Pakistan is presented here after comprehensive review of the available literature on the subject. Overall, nine genera and 53 species of ticks infesting animals in Pakistan are presented in this checklist. Muhammad Ramzan1,2, Unsar Naeem‑Ullah2*, Syed Haroon Masood Bokhari2, Shafia Saba2, Khalid Ali Khan3,4,5 and Shafqat Saeed2 Checklist of the tick (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) species of Pakistan Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Accepted: 18.06.2019 | Available on line: 31.12.2020 222 Tick species in Pakistan Ramzan et al. Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 authorship and year of publication are written using normal characters. Host animals and references are then given (each after one “Tab” space). At the very next line, synonyms (where available) including binomial names with authors and year of publication are added. Checklist of tick species at Pakistan level Previous checklist of ticks which has been published in 2007, enlists only 23 species from Pakistan (Ghosh et  al. 2007). In the present list, 53 species under 9 genera, from the country along with their documented hosts are presented. and a guide to the research community. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated checklist of tick species identified in Pakistan. Materials and methods The current checklist has been prepared after a comprehensive and thorough review of literature on the subject with the help of google scholar. It is being written in following pages, according to style and format given below. In the checklist, genus names are written in bold while author names and year of publication are not in bold. From very next line, with an interval given by one “Tab”, species names are given also in bold, Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Superfamily Ixodoidea Birula 1894, Leach 1815, Banks 1894 Family Argasidae Canestrini 1890 Genus Argas Latreille 1795 abdussalami Poultry Ghosh et al. 2007, Iqbal 1971, Hoogstraal & McCarthy 1965 persicus Poultry Abbasi et al. 2017, Ghosh et al. 2007, Kakarsulemankhel 2011, Oken 1818, Ramzan et al. 2008, Rafique et al. 2015 Synonyms Rhynchoprion persicus Oken 1818 Argas mauritianus Guérin‑Méneville 1844 Argas firmatus Neumann 1896 Argas persicus dissimiles Oken 1818 reflexus Poultry, Fowl Kaiser & Hoogstraal 1964, Ghosh et al. 2007, Fabricius 1794, WHO 1976 Synonyms Acarus reflexus Fabricius 1794 Acarus columbarum Shaw 1793 Acarus marginatus Fabricius 1794 Rhynchoprion columbae Hermann 1804 Ixodes espagnol Brebisson 1827 Ixodes hispanus Brebisson 1827 Argas reflescus Rondelli 1930 vespertilionis Poultry Latreille 1796, Ali 1986, Murray 1877, Kaiser & Hoogstraal 1964, Rafique et al. 2015 Synonyms Argaspipistrellae Audoin 1832 Genus Ornithodoros Koch 1844 thokozani Mégnin 1882 Poultry, Donkey Razzak & Shaikh 1969 Family Ixodidae Murray 1877 Genus Amblyomma Koch 1844 pomposum Buffalo, Cattle, Goat, Sheep Donitz 1909, Rehman et al. 2004 Synonyms Amblyomma nocens Amblyomma superbum Amblyomma variegatum nocens Amblyomma variegatum pomposum continued 223Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Ramzan et al. Tick species in Pakistan Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Amblyomma variegatum Cattle, Buffalo Fabricius 1794, Fuller 1899, Perveen 2011, Kakersulemankhel 2011, Shah et al. 2015, Razzak & Shaikh 1969 Synonyms Acarus variegatus Fabricius 1798 Amblyomma elegans Guérin‑Méneville 1844 Amblyomma variegatum variegatum Amblyomma variegatus Fabricius 1798 Amblyomma venustum Haemalastor elegans Guérin‑Méneville 1844) Hyalomma venustum Ixodes elegans Guérin‑Méneville 1844 Ixodes variegates Fabricius 1798 Genus Boophilus Curtice 1891 sharifi Cattle Buffalo Kishida 1939, Ghosh et al. 2007, Kishida & Nakamura 1939 Synonyms Uroboophilus sharifi Minning 1934 annulatus Sheep, Goat, Buffalo, Cow Say 1821, Ghosh et al. 2007, Rana et al. 2014, Kakarsulemankhel 2010, Riaz & Tasawar 2017, Sajid et al. 2007 Synonyms Ixodes annulatus Say 1821 Haemaphysalis rosea Koch 1844a Ixodes indentatus Gamgee 1869 Ixodes calcaratus Birula 1894 Boophilus balcanicus Minning 1934 Boophilus congolensis Minning 1934 Boophilus palestinensis Minning 1934 Boophilus schulzei Minning 1934 Genus Dermacentor Koch 1844a andersoni Cattle, Sheep Duges 1834, Stiles 1908, Karim et al. 2017 Synonyms Dermacentor venustus Banks 1908 circumguttatus Buffaloes, Cattle Neumann, 1897, Rehman et al. 2004 Synonyms Amblyocentor circumguttatus Dermacentor circumguttatus circumguttatus Dermacentor circumguttatus cunhasilvai marginatus Dog, Cattle, Goat, Horse, Sheep Sulzer 1776, Ghosh et al. 2007, Uzakov 1964 Synonyms Acarus marginatus Sulzer 1776 Ixodes marmoratus Risso 1826 Dermacentor dentipes Koch 1844a Dermacentor parabolicus Koch 1844a Dermacentor gynaecoides Olenev 1927 Dermacentor longicoxalis Olenev 1927 Dermacentor rotundicoxalis Olenev 1931b, Olenev 1929a Dermacentor lacteolus Schulze 1933 Dermacentor antrorum Reznik 1950 raskimensis Horses, Deer, Cattle Shah et al. 2015, Pomerantsev 1946 continued 224 Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Tick species in Pakistan Ramzan et al. Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Dermacentor Koch 1844a rhinocerinus Buffaloes, Cattle Denny 1843 Synonyms Amblyocentor rhinocerinus Amblyomma rhinocerinus Dermacentor rhinocerinus otis Dermacentor rhinocerinus schillingsi Dermacentor rhinocerotis arangis Dermacentor rhinocerotis permaculatus Dermacentor rhinocerotis rhinocerotis De Geer 1778 Ixodes rhinocerinus Genus Haemaphysalis Koch 1844 aciculifer Buffalo, Cattle Warburton 1913, Reznik 1950 Synonyms Haemaphysalis aciculifer aciculifer bispinosa Horse Neumann 1897, Risso 1826 Synonyms Haemaphysalis bispinosa bispinosa punctata Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Horse Hasselquist 1762, Hoogstraal & Varma 1962, Neumann 1897 flava Sheep Neumann 1897 Synonyms Haemaphysalis flava armata Haemaphysalis flava flava Neumann 1897 Haemaphysalis watanabei houyi Buffalo, Cattle Nuttall & Warburton 1915, Kamensky 1928 Haemaphysalis calcarata houyi kashmirensis Hoogstraal & Varma 1962 parmata Buffalo, Cattle Neumann 1905 sulcata Sheep Canestrini & Fanzago 1878, Canestrini & Fanzago 1978 Ixodes viperarum Koch 1844b Herpetobia sulcata Canestrini 1890 Haemaphysalis nicollei Larrousse 1925 Haemaphysalis angorense Schulze & Schlottke 1927 Haemaphysalis cholodkovskyi Olenev 1928 Haemaphysalis montana Kamensky 1928 Haemaphysalis sewelli Sharif 1928 Haemaphysalis montana Pospelova‑Shtrom 1935a, Pospelova‑Shtron 1935b Haemaphysalis cretica Senevet & Caminopetros 1936 Haemaphysalis beneditoi Gil Collado 1938 Haemaphysalis recta Oswald 1941 Hyalomma sulcata Mamikonyan 1950, Airapetyan et al. 1960 Haemaphysalis cretica Feldman‑Muhsam 1952 Genus Hyalomma Koch 1844a anatolicum anatolicum Buffalo, Sheep, Goat, Cattle, Dog Linnaeus 1758, Iqbal 1971, Khalid et al. 1991, Ahmad 1991, Durrani 1992, Ahmad et al. 2012 Synonyms Hyalomma depressum Schulze 1919 Hyalomma cicatricosum Schulze & Schlottke 1930 continued 225Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Ramzan et al. Tick species in Pakistan Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Hyalomma Koch 1844a anatolicum (Anadolu Kenesi) Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Camel, Horse Koch 1844b, Donitz 1905, Ramzan et al. 2020 Synonyms Hyalomma aegyptium aegyptium brunnipes Hyalomma aegyptium excavata Hyalomma aegyptium excavatum Hyalomma aegyptium mesopotamium Hyalomma aegyptium ornatipes Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum Hyalomma armeniorum Hyalomma depressum Hyalomma detritum albipictum ornatipes Hyalomma lusitanicum depressum Hyalomma marginatum balcanicum brunnipes Hyalomma marginatum marginatum brunnipes Hyalomma mesopotamium Hyalomma pavlovskyi Schulze & Schlottke 1929 Hyalomma pusillum Hyalomma pusillum alexandrinum Hyalomma pusillum ornatipes Hyalomma pusillum pusillum Hyalomma savignyi armeniorum Hyalomma savignyi exsul Hyalomma savignyi mesopotamium Hyalomma savignyi pusillum aegyptium Cattle Linnaeus 1758 Synonyms Acarus aegyptius Linnaeus 1758 Acarus testudinis Hasselquist1762 Cynorhaestes aegyptius Linnaeus 1758 Hyalomma aegyptium syriacum Hyalomma aegyptius Linnaeus, 1758 Hyalomma affine Hyalomma syriacum Hyalomma syriacum punctata Schulze 1920 Hyalomma syriacum punctatum Schulze 1920 Hyalomma testudinis Hasselquist 1762 Ixodes aegyptius Linnaeus 1758 Ixodes testudinis Leydig 1855 dromedarii Buffalo, Cattle, Goat, Sheep, Dog, Camel, Horse Koch 1844b Synonyms Ixodes trilineatus Lucas 1836 Ixodes cinctus Lucas 1840 Hyalomma margaropoides Senevet 1922 Hyalomma canariense Schulze and Schlottke 1930 Hyalomma persiacum Olenev 1931 Hyalomma yakimovi Olenev 1931 Hyalomma delpyi Schulze & Gossel 1936 continued 226 Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Tick species in Pakistan Ramzan et al. Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Hyalomma Koch 1844a detritum Camel Schulze 1919, Schulze 1920 Synonyms Hyalomma Schulze & Gossel 1936 excavatum Buffalo Koch 1844 Synonyms Acarus aegyptium Linnaeus 1758 Hyalomma syriacum Koch 1844 Ixodes cornuger Kolenati 1857 Hyalomma affine Neumann 1899 Hyalomma punctata Schulze 1919 Hyalomma suriacum Oswald 1941 hussaini Cattle, Buffalo Sharif 1928, Feldwan‑Muhsam 1951 Synonyms Hyalomma hussaini typica Sharif 1928 impeltatum Cattle, Camel Schulze & Schlottke 1930 Synonyms Hyalomma brumpti Delpy 1946 Hyalomma dromedarii leptosoma Hyalomma erythraeum Hyalomma fezzanensis Hyalomma impeltatum impeltatum Hyalomma leptosoma Hyalomma savignyi impeltatum Hyalomma sinaii isaaci Sharif, 1928 Cattle, Buffalo Ghosh et al. 2007 Synonyms Hyalomma aegyptium isaaci Hyalomma dromedarii indosinensis Hyalomma marginatum isaaci Hyalomma sharifi isaaci kumari Sharif, 1928 Cattle, Buffalo Ghosh et al. 2007 marginatum Buffalo Koch 1844 Synonyms Hyalomma aegyptium marginatum Hyalomma cypriacum Hyalomma dentatum, Hyalomma marginatum bacuense Hyalomma marginatum balcanicum Schulze & Schlottke 1929 Hyalomma marginatum brionicum Hyalomma marginatum caspium Hyalomma marginatum espanoli Hyalomma marginatum hispanum Fabricius 1787 Hyalomma marginatum marginatum Hyalomma marginatum olenevi Hyalomma plumbeum nigricum Hyalomma rufipes glabratum Hyalomma steineri codinai Hyalomma transcaucasicum marginatum toranicum Koch 1844a, Durrani & Kamal 2008 continued 227Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Ramzan et al. Tick species in Pakistan Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Hyalomma Koch 1844a rufipes Koch 1844 Buffalo, Cattle, Sheep, Goats Koch 1844a Synonyms Hyalomma aegyptium impressum rufipes Koch 1844a Hyalomma aequipunctatum Hyalomma impressum rufipes Koch 1844a Hyalomma marginatum impressum Hyalomma marginatum rufipes Koch 1844a Hyalomma plumbeum impressum Hyalomma rufipes rufipes Koch 1844 Hyalomma savignyi impressa Rousselot 1946 schulzei Camel Olenev 1931 scupense Buffalo, Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Dog, Cat, Poultry Schulze 1919, Sharif 1928 Synonyms Hyalomma aegyptium ferozedini Hyalomma dardanicum Hyalomma detritum Hyalomma detritum albipictum Hyalomma detritum annulatum Hyalomma detritum damascenium Hyalomma detritum dardanicum Hyalomma detritum detritum Hyalomma detritum mauritanicum Hyalomma detritum perstrigatum Hyalomma detritum rubrum Hyalomma detritum scupense Hyalomma mauritanicum Hyalomma mauritanicum annulatum Hyalomma scupense detritum Hyalomma scupense scupense Hyalomma sharifi Schulze and Schlottke 1929 Hyalomma steineri Hyalomma steineri enigkianum Hyalomma steineri steineri Hyalomma uralense Hyalomma verae Hyalomma volgense turanicum Buffaloes, Dog, Cat, Poultry, Goat, Cattle, Sheep Pomerantse 1946 Synonyms Hyalomma aegyptium impressum transiens Hyalomma impressum luteipes Hyalomma impressum planum Hyalomma impressum planum rhinocerotis Schulze and Schlottke 1929a Hyalomma impressum transiens Hyalomma lewisi Schulze 1936e continued 228 Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Tick species in Pakistan Ramzan et al. Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Hyalomma Koch 1844a turanicum Buffaloes, Dog, Cat, Poultry, Goat, Cattle, Sheep Pomerantse 1946 Synonyms Hyalomma planum Hyalomma planum rhinocerotis Schulze and Schlottke 1929a Hyalomma rhinocerotis Schulze and Schlottke 1929a Hyalomma savignyi typica Rousselot 1946 Hyalomma transiens Hyalomma zambesianum Hyalommina lewisi Schulze 1936e Genus Ixodes Latreille 1795 ricinus Cattle, Sheep Linnaeus 1758, Lucas 1844 a, b, Leydig 1855, Iqbal et al. 2014 Synonyms Acarus ricinoides de Geer 1778 Ixodesreduvius Latreille 1806 Acarus caraborum Acarus reduvius Linnaeus 1758 Acarus ricinus Crotonus ricinus Cynorhaestes hermanni Cynorhaestes megathyreus Cynohraestes reduvius Linnaeus 1758 Cynorhaestes ricinus Euixodes reduvius Linnaeus 1758 Euixodes ricinus Ixodes areolaris, Ixodes bipunctatus Ixodes fodiens Ixodes fouisseur Ixodes fuscus Koch 1844b) Ixodes lacertae Ixodes megathyreus Ixodes nigricans Ixodes obscurus Neumann 1899 Ixodes pustularum Ixodes reduvius Linnaeus 1758 Ixodes reticulatus Koch 1856 Ixodes ricinus onchorhyncha Ixodes rufus Ixodes sciuri Koch 1844c Ixodes sulcatus Koch 1844a Ixodes trabeatus Ixodes vulgaris Fabricius 1805 Phauloixodes rufus Rhipicephalus rufus continued 229Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Ramzan et al. Tick species in Pakistan Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Rhipicephalus Koch 1844b appendiculatus Cattle, Buffalo, Dog Neumann 1901 Synonyms Eurhipicephalus appendiculatus arnoldi Buffalo, Cattle Theiler and Zumpt 1949 decoloratus Buffalo, Cattle Koch 1867 Synonyms Boophilus annulatus decoloratus Boophilus capensis Massey 1908 Boophilus decoloratus Boophilus florae Boophilus scheepersi Eurhipicephalus decoloratus Margaropus annulatus decoloratus Margaropus decoloratus Palpoboophilus decoloratus Rhipicephalus annulatus decoloratus evertsi Buffalo, Cattle Neumann 1897, Neumann 1899, Neumann 1996, Neumann 1905 Synonyms Eurhipicephalus evertsi Rhipicephalus evertsi albigeniculatus Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus Rhipicephalus mimeticus haemaphysaloides Sheep, Cattle, Goat Supino 1897, Irshad et al. 2010 Synonyms Rhipicephalus expeditus Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides expedita Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides expeditus Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides haemaphysaloides Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides niger Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ruber Rhipicephalus ruber kochi Buffalo, Cattle Dönitz 1905, Dönitz 1907a Synonyms Rhipicephalus neavei longus Buffalo, Cattle Razzak and Shaikh 1969, Neumann 1907 Synonyms Rhipicephalus capensis longus Rhipicephalus confusus Santos Dias 1956c Rhipicephalus falcatus microplus Cattle, Camel Canestrini 1888, Farooqi et al. 2017, Karim et al. 2017, Asim et al. 2009, Sultana et al. 2015 Synonyms Margaropus microplus Canestrini 1888 Margaropus annulatus microplusRohr Margaropus annulatus australis (Fuller) Boophilus annulatus argentinus Boophilus annulatus australis Fuller 1899 Boophilus annulatus caudatus Boophilus annulatus microplus Boophilus argentinus, Boophilus australis Fuller 1899 continued 230 Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Tick species in Pakistan Ramzan et al. Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Rhipicephalus Koch 1844b microplus Cattle, Camel Canestrini 1888, Farooqi et al. 2017, Karim et al. 2017, Asim et al. 2009, Sultana et al. 2015 Boophilus caudatus, Boophilus cyclops Boophilus distans, Boophilus microplus Boophilus microplus annulatus Boophilus minningi Boophilus sharifi Siddiqi & Jan 1984a Rhipicephalus sharifi Siddiqi & Jan 1984 Haemaphysalis micropla Margaropus annulatus argentinus Margaropus annulatus australis Fuller 1899, Fabricicus 1798 Margaropus annulatus caudatus Margaropus annulatus mexicanus Margaropus annulatus microplus Margaropus argentinus Margaropus australis Fuller 1899 Margaropus caudatus Margaropus micropla Margaropus microplus Palpoboophilus brachyuris Palpoboophilus minningi Rhipicephalus annulatus argentinus Rhipicephalus annulatus australis Fuller 1899 Rhipicephalus annulatus caudatus Rhipicephalus annulatus microplus Rhipicephalus argentinus Rhipicephalus caudatus Uroboophilus australis Fuller 1899 Uroboophilus caudatus Uroboophilus cyclops Uroboophilus distans Uroboophilus indicus Uroboophilus microplus pravus Sheep, Goat, Pig,Camel, Dog, Donkey Dönitz 1910 Synonyms Rhipicephalus pravus pravus sanguineus Buffalo, Cattle,Goat, Camel, Dog, Horse Latreille 1806, Ahmad 1991, Atif et al. 2012, Bashir et al. 2009, Durrani & Shakoori 2009, Hussain & Kumar 1985, Roy et al. 2018, Shah et al. 2015, Theiler 1947 Synonyms Ixodes sanguineus Latreille 1806 Ixodes linnaei Audouin 1826, Audouin & Milne‑Edwards 1832 Ixodes plumbeus Donitz 1910, Duges 1834 Ixodes dugesi Gervais 1844 Rhipicephalus limbatus Koch 1844b Rhipicephalus linnei Koch 1844b continued 231Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Ramzan et al. Tick species in Pakistan Table I. Checklist of tick species of Pakistan. —cont’d Species Authors and year of publication Host animals References Genus Rhipicephalus Koch 1844b sanguineus Buffalo, Cattle,Goat, Camel, Dog, Horse Latreille 1806, Ahmad 1991, Atif et al. 2012, Bashir et al. 2009, Durrani & Shakoori 2009, Hussain & Kumar 1985, Roy et al. 2018, Shah et al. 2015, Theiler 1947 Synonyms Rhipicephalus rutilus Koch 1844b Rhipicephalussiculus Koch 1844b Rhipicephalus carinatus Frauenfeld 1867, Warburton 1910 Rhipicephalus rubicundus Frauenfeld 1867, Warburton 1910 Rhipicephalus stigmaticus Gerstacker 1873 Rhipicephalus bhamensis Supino 1897 Rhipicephalus brevicollis Neumann 1897 Rhipicephalusflavus Supino 1897 Boophilus dugesi Donitz 1907 Eurhipicephalus sanguineus Stephens & Christophers 1908 Rhipicephalus texanus Banks 1908 Rhipicephalus breviceps Warburton 1910 Rhipicephalus dugesi Neumann 1911 a, b Rhipicephalus macropis Schulze 1936 turanicus Dog, Cattle, Sheep Pomerantzev 1946, Manan et al. 2007 Synonyms Rhipicephalus secundus Feldman‑Muhsam 1952 Rhipicephalus turamicus Uzakov 1964 Acknowledgments The authors would like to appreciate support of the Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS/KKU/09‑19) at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. 232 Veterinaria Italiana 2020, 56 (4), 221‑236. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.1721.9077.1 Tick species in Pakistan Ramzan et al. 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