item: #1 of 243 id: cord-000804-0hlj6r10 author: Brauburger, Kristina title: Forty-Five Years of Marburg Virus Research date: 2012-10-01 words: 14933 flesch: 42 summary: Cell Host Microbe Broad-spectrum inhibition of retroviral and filoviral particle release by tetherin Tetherin-mediated restriction of filovirus budding is antagonized by the Ebola glycoprotein The Ebola virus glycoprotein and HIV-1 Vpu employ different strategies to counteract the antiviral factor tetherin The GP-protein of Marburg virus contains the region similar to the 'immunosuppressive domain' of oncogenic retrovirus P15E proteins Implication of a retrovirus-like glycoprotein peptide in the immunopathogenesis of Ebola and Marburg viruses Ectodomain shedding of the glycoprotein GP of Ebola virus Sorting of Marburg virus surface protein and virus release take place at opposite surfaces of infected polarized epithelial cells Interactions with the host cell Tsg101 is recruited by a late domain of the nucleocapsid protein to support budding of Marburg virus-like particles Phosphorylation of Marburg virus matrix protein VP40 triggers assembly of nucleocapsids with the viral envelope at the plasma membrane Establishment and application of an infectious virus-like particle system for Marburg virus VP40, the matrix protein of Marburg virus, is associated with membranes of the late endosomal compartment Interactions of Marburg virus nucleocapsid proteins The matrix protein of Marburg virus is transported to the plasma membrane along cellular membranes: exploiting the retrograde late endosomal pathway Generation of Marburg virus-like particles by co-expression of glycoprotein and matrix protein Multivesicular bodies as a platform for formation of the Marburg virus envelope Vacuolar protein sorting pathway contributes to the release of Marburg virus Oligomerization and polymerization of the filovirus matrix protein VP40 Interaction of Tsg101 with Marburg virus VP40 depends on the PPPY motif, but not the PT/SAP motif as in Viruses 2012, 4 1917 the case of Ebola virus, and Tsg101 plays a critical role in the budding of Marburg virus-like particles induced by VP40, NP, and GP Regulation of Marburg virus (MARV) budding by Nedd4.1: a different WW domain of Nedd4.1 is critical for binding to MARV and Ebola virus VP40 Conserved motifs within Ebola and Marburg virus VP40 proteins are important for stability, localization, and subsequent budding of virus-like particles Identification of amino acids in Marburg virus VP40 that are important for virus-like particle budding Marburg Virus VP40 Antagonizes Interferon Signaling in a Species-Specific Manner Marburg virus evades interferon responses by a mechanism distinct from ebola virus Global suppression of the host antiviral response by Ebolaand Marburgviruses: increased antagonism of the type I interferon response is associated with enhanced virulence The ebola virus interferon antagonist VP24 directly binds STAT1 and has a novel, pyramidal fold Filoviral immune evasion mechanisms Development and characterization of a mouse model for Marburg hemorrhagic fever Key genomic changes necessary for an in vivo lethal mouse marburgvirus variant selection process VP24 of Marburg virus influences formation of infectious particles Fold prediction of VP24 protein of Ebola and Marburg viruses using de novo fragment assembly Three of the four nucleocapsid proteins of Marburg virus, NP, VP35, and L, are sufficient to mediate replication and transcription of Marburg virus-specific monocistronic minigenomes Ultrastructural organization of recombinant Marburg virus nucleoprotein: comparison with Marburg virus inclusions Morphology of Marburg virus NP-RNA Nucleocapsid formation and RNA synthesis of Marburg virus is dependent on two coiled coil motifs in the nucleoprotein Characterization of filovirus protein-protein interactions in mammalian cells using bimolecular complementation Genus-specific recruitment of filovirus ribonucleoprotein complexes into budding particles The nucleoprotein of Marburg virus is phosphorylated The nucleoprotein of Marburg virus is target for multiple cellular kinases Phosphorylation of Marburg virus NP region II modulates viral RNA synthesis Comparison of the transcription and replication strategies of marburg virus and Ebola virus by using artificial replication systems Homo-oligomerization of Marburgvirus VP35 is essential for its function in replication and transcription Co-and posttranslational modifications and functions of Marburg virus proteins Ebola and Marburg viruses replicate in monocyte-derived dendritic cells without inducing the production of cytokines and full maturation A C-terminal basic amino acid motif of Zaire ebolavirus VP35 is essential for type I interferon antagonism and displays high identity with the RNA-binding domain of another interferon antagonist, the NS1 protein of influenza A virus Phosphorylation of VP30 Impairs Ebola Virus transcription Phosphorylation of Marburg virus VP30 at serines 40 and 42 is critical for its interaction with NP inclusions Ebola virus transcription activator VP30 is a zinc-binding protein Oligomerization of Ebola virus VP30 is essential for viral transcription and can be inhibited by a synthetic peptide Crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of Ebola virus VP30 reveals a role in transcription and nucleocapsid association The Ebola Virus VP30 is an RNA Binding Protein The Ebola virus ribonucleoprotein complex: a novel VP30-L interaction identified Ebola Virus VP30-Mediated Transcription Is Regulated by RNA Secondary Structure Formation Role of Ebola virus VP30 in transcription reinitiation Role of VP30 phosphorylation in the Ebola virus replication cycle Rescue of recombinant Marburg virus from cDNA is dependent on nucleocapsid protein VP30 Inhibition of Marburg virus protein expression and viral release by RNA interference Transcription elongation factor of respiratory syncytial virus, a nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus Sequence comparison of five polymerases (L proteins) of unsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses: theoretical assignment of functional domains Characterization of the receptor-binding domain of Ebola glycoprotein in viral entry Comprehensive analysis of ebola virus GP1 in viral entry Structural basis for membrane fusion by enveloped viruses Covalent modifications of the ebola virus glycoprotein LSECtin interacts with filovirus glycoproteins and the spike protein of SARS coronavirus The DC-SIGN-related lectin LSECtin mediates antigen capture and pathogen binding by human myeloid cells Lentivirus vectors pseudotyped with filoviral envelope glycoproteins transduce airway epithelia from the apical surface independently of folate receptor alpha Association of the caveola vesicular system with cellular entry by filoviruses Folate receptor alpha and caveolae are not required for Ebola virus glycoprotein-mediated viral infection Differential requirements for clathrin endocytic pathway components in cellular entry by Ebola and Marburg glycoprotein pseudovirions Analysis of filovirus entry into vero e6 cells, using inhibitors of endocytosis, endosomal acidification, structural integrity, and cathepsin (B and L) activity Ebola virus enters host cells by macropinocytosis and clathrinmediated endocytosis VP24 inhibits transcription and replication of the EBOV genome Ebola virus matrix protein VP40 uses the COPII transport system for its intracellular transport Budding of Marburgvirus is associated with filopodia Electron tomography reveals the steps in filovirus budding Recombinant Marburg virus expressing EGFP allows rapid screening of virus growth and real-time visualization of virus spread Basolateral budding of Marburg virus: VP40 retargets viral glycoprotein GP to the basolateral surface Marburg virus and mononuclear phagocytes: study of interactions) Cellular immune response to Marburg virus infection in cynomolgus macaques Pathogenesis of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques Development of a model for marburgvirus based on severe-combined immunodeficiency mice Ebola virus infection in guinea pigs: Presumable role of granulomatous inflammation in pathogenesis Marburg hemorrhagic fever: report of a case studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy Filovirusinduced endothelial leakage triggered by infected monocytes/macrophages Breakdown of paraendothelial barrier function during Marburg virus infection is associated with early tyrosine phosphorylation of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 Infection and activation of monocytes by Marburg and Ebola viruses Apoptosis induced in vitro and in vivo during infection by Ebola and Marburg viruses keywords: budding; cells; disease; ebola; ebola virus; ebov; entry; fever; figure; filovirus; human; infected; infection; marburg; marburg virus; marv; nucleocapsid; protein; replication; rna; role; transcription; virus; viruses; vp35; vp40 cache: cord-000804-0hlj6r10.txt plain text: cord-000804-0hlj6r10.txt item: #2 of 243 id: cord-000808-pxryt8wn author: Leroy, Eric title: Filovirus Research in Gabon and Equatorial Africa: The Experience of a Research Center in the Heart of Africa date: 2012-09-13 words: 2872 flesch: 30 summary: In this multi-emergence hypothesis, Ebola virus disease outbreaks would occur episodically during certain ecological conditions caused by habitat disturbances or climatic phenomena. Since the reemergence of Ebola virus in Central Africa, the CIRMF “Emerging Viral Disease Unit” developed diagnostic tools and epidemiologic strategies and transfers of such technology to support the response of the National Public Health System and the World Health Organization to epidemics of Ebola virus disease. keywords: cirmf; congo; disease; ebola; gabon; health; laboratory; national; research; virus cache: cord-000808-pxryt8wn.txt plain text: cord-000808-pxryt8wn.txt item: #3 of 243 id: cord-001831-3aonqyub author: Royle, Jamie title: Emerging Roles of Viroporins Encoded by DNA Viruses: Novel Targets for Antivirals? date: 2015-10-16 words: 6398 flesch: 39 summary: Given that E5 proteins from the other high-risk HPV types are predicted to adopt a similar three TMD topology, it will be of interest to determine whether viroporin function is conserved amongst this group of viruses. The viroporin activity of the minor structural proteins VP2 and VP3 is required for SV40 propagation The SV40 late protein VP4 is a viroporin that forms pores to disrupt membranes for viral release A very late viral protein triggers the lytic release of SV40 SV40 late protein VP4 forms toroidal pores to disrupt membranes for viral release The Simian virus 40 late viral protein VP4 disrupts the nuclear envelope for viral release Classification of papillomaviruses (PVs) based on 189 PV types and proposal of taxonomic amendments The natural history of cervical HPV infection: Unresolved issues Human papillomavirus oncoproteins: Pathways to transformation Human papillomavirus E5 oncoprotein: Function and potential target for antiviral therapeutics Koilocytosis: A cooperative interaction between the human papillomavirus E5 and E6 oncoproteins Bap31 is a novel target of the human papillomavirus E5 protein Karyopherin beta3: keywords: activity; agnoprotein; channel; function; human; membrane; proteins; small; sv40; viroporin; virus; viruses cache: cord-001831-3aonqyub.txt plain text: cord-001831-3aonqyub.txt item: #4 of 243 id: cord-001887-d6ycc8ci author: Romero-Brey, Inés title: Viral Infection at High Magnification: 3D Electron Microscopy Methods to Analyze the Architecture of Infected Cells date: 2015-12-03 words: 9788 flesch: 36 summary: The bulk of these studies relates to virus-induced remodeling of cell membranes in order to build up their replication organelles, mostly positive-strand RNA viruses (reviewed in [159] ). Upon fixation cells are washed with the buffer of choice, in which cells can be stored at 4 ¥ C until further processing. keywords: cells; cryo; electron; electron microscopy; figure; fixation; freezing; frozen; imaging; microscopy; pressure; resolution; sections; sem; serial; tomography; virus cache: cord-001887-d6ycc8ci.txt plain text: cord-001887-d6ycc8ci.txt item: #5 of 243 id: cord-001972-1zisomq5 author: Wang, Xue title: Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Increases Apoptosis and HIV-1 Replication in HIV-1 Infected Jurkat Cells date: 2016-02-02 words: 3942 flesch: 39 summary: It is not well-known whether influenza virus infection affects cell death and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in HIV-1-infected patients. Little is known about influenza virus infection in HIV-positive individual. keywords: cells; infected; infection; influenza; jurkat; pandemic; pathways; ph1n1; replication; virus cache: cord-001972-1zisomq5.txt plain text: cord-001972-1zisomq5.txt item: #6 of 243 id: cord-001974-wjf3c7a7 author: Friis-Nielsen, Jens title: Identification of Known and Novel Recurrent Viral Sequences in Data from Multiple Patients and Multiple Cancers date: 2016-02-19 words: 5776 flesch: 43 summary: Sequence clusters that have been described in detail throughout the manuscript have been included as supplementary files. A grouping based on taxonomy, or a more data-driven approach that cluster sequence groups based on the associated datasets as seen in Figure 2 , could be included as another iteration to properly strengthen the statistical associations. keywords: associations; cancer; clustering; clusters; contigs; data; features; human; parameters; samples; sequences; sequencing; species; table; virus cache: cord-001974-wjf3c7a7.txt plain text: cord-001974-wjf3c7a7.txt item: #7 of 243 id: cord-002076-7t4d4vvo author: Li, Yongfeng title: Applications of Replicating-Competent Reporter-Expressing Viruses in Diagnostic and Molecular Virology date: 2016-05-06 words: 5001 flesch: 31 summary: Interestingly, reporter viruses in combination with other approaches, such as RNAi, have been applied to screen anti-CSFV ISGs [15] , which is time-and cost-effective. Interestingly, the Cre recombinase as a reporter is used to generate RCREVs for visualizing virus infection in engineered cell lines or transgenic animals harboring a loxP-flanked fluorescent marker upstream of another otherwise silenced fluorescent reporter keywords: cells; expression; fluorescent; gene; influenza; protein; rcrevs; replication; reporter; virus; viruses; vivo cache: cord-002076-7t4d4vvo.txt plain text: cord-002076-7t4d4vvo.txt item: #8 of 243 id: cord-002185-oz7hras7 author: Nelson, Elizabeth A. title: Clomiphene and Its Isomers Block Ebola Virus Particle Entry and Infection with Similar Potency: Potential Therapeutic Implications date: 2016-08-02 words: 5079 flesch: 46 summary: Postexposure antibody prophylaxis protects nonhuman primates from filovirus disease Ebola drugs still stuck in lab Successful treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection with T-705 (favipiravir) in a small animal model Lipid nanoparticle siRNA treatment of Ebola-virus-Makona-infected nonhuman primates Structural and molecular basis for Ebola virus neutralization by protective human antibodies Protective monotherapy against lethal Ebola virus infection by a potently neutralizing antibody Isolation of potent neutralizing antibodies from a survivor of the 2014 Ebola virus outbreak Discovery of an antibody for pan-ebolavirus therapy Protection against filovirus diseases by a novel broad-spectrum nucleoside analogue BCX4430 Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys FDA-Approved Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Inhibit Ebola Virus Infection A screen of approved drugs and molecular probes identifies therapeutics with anti-Ebola virus activity Identification of 53 compounds that block Ebola virus-like particle entry via a repurposing screen of approved drugs Inhibition of Ebola and Marburg Virus Entry by G Protein-Coupled Receptor Antagonists A Systematic Screen of FDA-Approved Drugs for Inhibitors of Biological Threat Agents Development, pharmacology and clinical experience with clomiphene citrate Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with oligo-amenorrhoea Fertility treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a decision analysis of different oral ovulation induction agents Possible hypothalamic impotencemale counterpart to hypothalamic amenorrhea? Since the two isomers of clomiphene and their hydroxylated metabolites all blocked EBOV VLP entry and replication in cell cultures, the protective effect of clomiphene in the mouse model [20, 21] could have been due to any or all of these forms. keywords: cells; clomiphene; ebola; ebov; entry; figure; infection; isomers; trvlp; virus cache: cord-002185-oz7hras7.txt plain text: cord-002185-oz7hras7.txt item: #9 of 243 id: cord-002561-7j43yic1 author: Donato, Celeste title: The Broad Host Range and Genetic Diversity of Mammalian and Avian Astroviruses date: 2017-05-10 words: 7438 flesch: 32 summary: Astrovirus strains identified from fecal samples of multiple non-human primate species from wild, captive, and peri-urban environments in Bangladesh and Cambodia reveal multiple interspecies transmission events, with viruses closely related to the VA/HMO lineage of human viruses, and non-human mammalian and avian astroviruses (Figure 1a,b) In addition to interspecies transmission which generates significant diversity in astrovirus species, both intra-species and inter-species recombination can rapidly generate novel, divergent viruses. keywords: analysis; astrovirus; avian; capsid; detection; figure; human; novel; region; species; strains; transmission; viruses cache: cord-002561-7j43yic1.txt plain text: cord-002561-7j43yic1.txt item: #10 of 243 id: cord-002589-xq3iq8ai author: Frossard, Jean-Pierre title: UK Pigs at the Time of Slaughter: Investigation into the Correlation of Infection with PRRSV and HEV date: 2017-06-09 words: 3768 flesch: 43 summary: The phylogenetic trees (Figure 1 ) illustrate the genetic diversity of the ORF5 genes from the 23 samples in this study in comparison to the vaccine virus licensed in the UK at the time and 48 published reference sequences representing the different genotypes and subtypes ( Figure 1A ) and in more detail, in the context of 431 previously sequenced viruses specifically from UK pigs between 1991 and 2014 (unpublished data) ( Figure 1B ). Hepatitis E: An emerging infection in developed countries Zoonotic origin of hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus in England and Wales: Indigenous infection is associated with the consumption of processed pork products The cost of endemic disease in pig production Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Genetic diversity of recent British isolates In utero infection with PRRS virus modulates cellular functions of blood monocytes and alveolar lung macrophages in piglets Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced increase in susceptibility in Streptococcus suis infection Infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus suppresses the antibody response to classical swine fever virus vaccination Risk factors for Salmonella enterica subsp enterica shedding by market-age pigs in French farrow-to-finish herds Hepatitis E virus chronic infection of swine co-infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Host-pathogen interactions during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 infection of piglets Increased pathogenicity of European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is associated with enhanced adaptive responses and viral clearance A prevalence study of Salmonella spp., Yersinia spp., Toxoplasma gondii and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in UK pigs at slaughter Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs at the time of slaughter Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: keywords: hev; infection; pigs; porcine; prrsv; samples; virus cache: cord-002589-xq3iq8ai.txt plain text: cord-002589-xq3iq8ai.txt item: #11 of 243 id: cord-002590-24o2viv3 author: Rahe, Michael C. title: Mechanisms of Adaptive Immunity to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus date: 2017-06-13 words: 8022 flesch: 28 summary: The ability of a pathogen to successfully infect and replicate within innate immune cells makes the development of a protective immune response more difficult. Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae PRRSV, the virus Broadly neutralizing antibodies against the rapidly evolving porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus The ever-expanding diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Innate and adaptive immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Chimeric porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses reveal full function of genotype 1 envelope proteins in the backbone of genotype 2 The PRRSV replicase: Exploring the multifunctionality of an intriguing set of nonstructural proteins Current knowledge on the structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus: Comparison of the North American and European isolates Novel structural protein in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by an alternative ORF5 present in all arteriviruses Localization and fine mapping of antigenic sites on the nucleocapsid protein N of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with monoclonal antibodies Evolutionary diversification of type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Description of persistence in individual pigs upon experimental infection Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): Pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection of gnotobiotic pigs: Sites of virus replication and co-localization with MAC-387 staining at 21 days post-infection Virus quantification and identification of cellular targets in the lungs and lymphoid tissues of pigs at different time intervals after inoculation with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line Characterization of interaction between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine dendritic cells Gene-edited pigs are protected from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Genetic engineering alveolar macrophages for host resistance to PRRSV Interferon-alpha response to swine arterivirus (PoAV), the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Pig immune response to general stimulus and to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: A meta-analysis approach In vivo and in vitro interferon (IFN) studies with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: Correlations with pathogenicity Antigen-specific B-cell responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus utilizes nanotubes for intercellular spread Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection spreads by cell-to-cell transfer in cultured MARC-145 cells, is dependent on an intact cytoskeleton, and is suppressed by drug-targeting of cell permissiveness to virus infection Schwartz-Cornil, I. Rotavirus anti-VP6 secretory immunoglobulin A contributes to protection via intracellular neutralization but not via immune exclusion Intracellular neutralization of viral infection in polarized epithelial cells by neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-mediated IgG transport The Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection suppresses Th17 cells response in vivo Thymic depletion of lymphocytes is associated with the virulence of PRRSV-1 strains Identification of apoptotic cells in the thymus of piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Suppression of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages in vitro The comparative profile of lymphoid cells and the T and B cell spectratype of germ-free piglets infected with viruses SIV, PRRSV or PCV2 Type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection mediated apoptosis in B-and T-cell areas in lymphoid organs of experimentally infected pigs The molecular mechanisms of regulatory T cell immunosuppression. keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; cells; development; immunity; infection; pigs; porcine; prrsv; response; swine; syndrome; syndrome virus; virus cache: cord-002590-24o2viv3.txt plain text: cord-002590-24o2viv3.txt item: #12 of 243 id: cord-002691-synm1cyw author: Hou, Jiun-Nan title: PERK Signal-Modulated Protein Translation Promotes the Survivability of Dengue 2 Virus-Infected Mosquito Cells and Extends Viral Replication date: 2017-09-20 words: 9933 flesch: 44 summary: C6/36 cells were treated with tunicamycin (Tm; EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), an ER stress inducer, to induce a strong ER stress response in mosquito cells. The results firmly revealed that canonical cap-dependent protein translation occurred in mosquito cells even when they were infected by the DENV2, as the formation of the eIF4F complex was obviously observed in C6/36 cells. keywords: c6/36; c6/36 cells; cap; cells; denv2; figure; hpi; infection; inhibitor; pathway; perk; protein; translation; virus cache: cord-002691-synm1cyw.txt plain text: cord-002691-synm1cyw.txt item: #13 of 243 id: cord-002808-84np9brx author: Campos, Samuel K. title: Subcellular Trafficking of the Papillomavirus Genome during Initial Infection: The Remarkable Abilities of Minor Capsid Protein L2 date: 2017-12-03 words: 9709 flesch: 36 summary: The role of furin in papillomavirus infection Furin cleavage of L2 during papillomavirus infection: Minimal dependence on cyclophilins A protective and broadly cross-neutralizing epitope of human papillomavirus L2 Mechanisms of human papillomavirus type 16 neutralization by L2 cross-neutralizing and L1 type-specific antibodies Target cell cyclophilins facilitate human papillomavirus type 16 infection The CD63-syntenin-1 complex controls post-endocytic trafficking of oncogenic human papillomaviruses Human papillomavirus infection requires the TSG101 component of the ESCRT machinery The VPS4 component of the ESCRT machinery plays an essential role in hpv infectious entry and capsid disassembly Inhibition by cellular vacuolar ATPase impairs human papillomavirus uncoating and infection Caveolin-1-dependent infectious entry of human papillomavirus type 31 in human keratinocytes proceeds to the endosomal pathway for pH-dependent uncoating Analysis of type-restricted and cross-reactive epitopes on virus-like particles of human papillomavirus type 33 and in infected tissues using monoclonal antibodies to the major capsid protein Cyclophilins facilitate dissociation of the human papillomavirus type 16 capsid protein L1 from the L2/DNA complex following virus entry Genome-wide siRNA screen identifies the retromer as a cellular entry factor for human papillomavirus Direct binding of retromer to human papillomavirus type 16 minor capsid protein L2 mediates endosome exit during viral infection A central region in the minor capsid protein of papillomaviruses facilitates viral genome tethering and membrane penetration for mitotic nuclear entry Large scale RNAi reveals the requirement of nuclear envelope breakdown for nuclear import of human papillomaviruses Translocation of the papillomavirus L2/vDNA complex across the limiting membrane requires the onset of mitosis Human papillomavirus major capsid protein L1 remains associated with the incoming viral genome throughout the entry process Identification of TrappC8 as a host factor required for human papillomavirus cell entry Application of the proximity-dependent assay and fluorescence imaging approaches to study viral entry pathways Vesicular trafficking of incoming human papillomavirus 16 to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum requires γ-secretase activity Protein sorting at the ER-Golgi interface Golgi enzymes do not cycle through the endoplasmic reticulum during protein secretion or mitosis Retromer: A master conductor of endosome sorting Human papillomavirus L2 facilitates viral escape from late endosomes via sorting nexin 17 A novel PDZ domain interaction mediates the binding between human papillomavirus 16 L2 and sorting nexin 27 and modulates virion trafficking Characterizing the spatio-temporal role of sorting nexin 17 in human papillomavirus trafficking SNX17 regulates notch pathway and pancreas development through the retromer-dependent recycling of jag1 Retriever is a multiprotein complex for retromer-independent endosomal cargo recycling Presenilins and γ-secretase: Structure, function, and role in alzheimer disease. In addition to role(s) in vDNA packaging, virion assembly, and particle stability [11] , minor capsid protein L2 is tasked with ensuring nuclear delivery of the vDNA during HPV infection. keywords: binding; capsid; cleavage; entry; hpv; infection; membrane; mitosis; papillomavirus; pml; protein; tgn; trafficking; translocation; vdna cache: cord-002808-84np9brx.txt plain text: cord-002808-84np9brx.txt item: #14 of 243 id: cord-002994-1zjrunzc author: Faye, Martin title: Full-Genome Characterization and Genetic Evolution of West African Isolates of Bagaza Virus date: 2018-04-13 words: 11503 flesch: 38 summary: Furthermore, the evolutionary rates (µ) and the highest posterior densities (HPD with 95% of confidence interval) were 1.226 × 10 Evidence of BAGV adaptation to human house-keeping genes was analyzed by calculating CAI indices using complete coding polyprotein sequences of West African BAGV isolates and BAGV sequences available from Spain, in comparison to other MBFVs such as DENV, USUV, WNV, ZIKV and YFV, NKV flaviviruses (ModV and RBV) and ISFs (CxFV and AeFV). Interestingly, CAI values of West African isolates were also significantly higher than those obtained for other MBFVs well known to infect human such as USUV (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, p-value < 6.796 × 10 −9 ), WNV (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, p-value < 2.718 × 10 −10 ), ZIKV (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, p-value < 1.67 × 10 −8 ) and ISFs (means CAI: 1.0015 and 1.0006 and median CAI: 1.0015 and 1.0006 for CxFV and AeFV, respectively) which showed low evidence Evidence of BAGV adaptation to human house-keeping genes was analyzed by calculating CAI indices using complete coding polyprotein sequences of West African BAGV isolates and BAGV sequences available from Spain, in comparison to other MBFVs such as DENV, USUV, WNV, ZIKV and YFV, NKV flaviviruses (ModV and RBV) and ISFs (CxFV and AeFV). keywords: adaptation; african; bagv; cai; codon; conserved; flaviviruses; genome; human; isolates; protein; recombination; rna; selection; sequences; sites; structural; value; virus; west cache: cord-002994-1zjrunzc.txt plain text: cord-002994-1zjrunzc.txt item: #15 of 243 id: cord-003130-p2h8p5bm author: Lindqvist, Richard title: Tick-Borne Flaviviruses and the Type I Interferon Response date: 2018-06-21 words: 8362 flesch: 43 summary: Furthermore RNA-seq and mass spectrometric analysis revealed that when challenged by TBEV infection, tick cells upregulated genes involved in immunity and metabolism, whereas genes involved in cellular stress were downregulated [94] . Using gene silencing approaches, this study confirmed the antiviral effect of Ago 30 and Dcr 90 in tick cells. keywords: cells; disease; encephalitis; flavivirus; host; ifn; infection; interferon; lgtv; protein; replication; response; rna; tbev; tick; type; viperin; virus cache: cord-003130-p2h8p5bm.txt plain text: cord-003130-p2h8p5bm.txt item: #16 of 243 id: cord-003284-hjx2d5rq author: Márquez-Jurado, Silvia title: An Alanine-to-Valine Substitution in the Residue 175 of Zika Virus NS2A Protein Affects Viral RNA Synthesis and Attenuates the Virus In Vivo date: 2018-10-07 words: 9963 flesch: 44 summary: This DNA-lunched system ensures capping of the viral RNA and allows the recovery of infectious virus from the transfected cDNA clone without the need of an in vitro transcription step. In contrast to mock-transfected cells, increasing amounts of infectious virus were detected in the tissue culture supernatant of cells transfected with the infectious clone, with peak titers around 10 7 PFU/mL on day five ( Figure 2A ). keywords: bac; cdna; cells; clone; days; figure; infection; mice; mns2a; mutant; pfu; protein; rgn; rna; rzikv; vero; virus cache: cord-003284-hjx2d5rq.txt plain text: cord-003284-hjx2d5rq.txt item: #17 of 243 id: cord-003334-ion97n4b author: De Silva Senapathi, Upasama title: The In Ovo Delivery of CpG Oligonucleotides Protects against Infectious Bronchitis with the Recruitment of Immune Cells into the Respiratory Tract of Chickens date: 2018-11-15 words: 5831 flesch: 47 summary: Additionally, the authors saw a significant reduction in the IBV nuclear (N) gene mRNA expression in various embryonic tissues pre-treated with CpG ODNs, compared with the control, highlighting the value of CpG ODN treatment in IBV control. Thus, our objectives were to determine the protective effect of the in ovo delivery of CpG ODNs at ED 18 against IBV infection encountered post-hatch and, then, to investigate the mechanisms of protection. keywords: birds; cells; control; cpg; dpi; ibv; infected; odn; odns; ovo; pre cache: cord-003334-ion97n4b.txt plain text: cord-003334-ion97n4b.txt item: #18 of 243 id: cord-003407-f5v3hhr8 author: Hung, Ting-Chun title: Methanolic Extract of Rhizoma Coptidis Inhibits the Early Viral Entry Steps of Hepatitis C Virus Infection date: 2018-11-27 words: 4798 flesch: 37 summary: suppress hepatitis C virus infection by blocking early viral entry Saikosaponin b2 is a naturally occurring terpenoid that efficiently inhibits hepatitis C virus entry Studying HCV cell entry with HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) To determine the effect of RC on viral attachment, we specifically added RC during HCV cell binding at 4 °C, which allows for virus binding but precludes viral internalization, and then tested the reporter readout at the end of the incubation. keywords: cells; drug; entry; hcv; hepatitis; host; huh-7.5; infection; virus cache: cord-003407-f5v3hhr8.txt plain text: cord-003407-f5v3hhr8.txt item: #19 of 243 id: cord-003453-p2buyrcj author: Batista, Mariana N. title: Natural Products Isolated from Oriental Medicinal Herbs Inactivate Zika Virus date: 2019-01-11 words: 4166 flesch: 43 summary: In previous studies, the effect of emodin on virus entry was Berberine and emodin, when evaluated in vitro, have virucidal effects on Zika virus. Dynamic light scattering data showed that both compounds significantly reduce the hydrodynamic radius of virus particle in solution. keywords: berberine; cells; emodin; figure; virus; zika; zikv cache: cord-003453-p2buyrcj.txt plain text: cord-003453-p2buyrcj.txt item: #20 of 243 id: cord-003516-l1lq8yga author: Zhang, Jing title: A Survey of Recent Adenoviral Respiratory Pathogens in Hong Kong Reveals Emergent and Recombinant Human Adenovirus Type 4 (HAdV-E4) Circulating in Civilian Populations date: 2019-01-31 words: 2361 flesch: 32 summary: HAdV-E4 genomes include RI-67 or prototype (Ft Leonard Wood, Missouri; 1952; AY594253); CL68578 or vaccine ( Computational analysis of four human adenovirus type 4 genomes reveals molecular evolution through two interspecies recombination events Recovery of new agent from patients with acute respiratory illness Adenovirus-associated deaths in US military during postvaccination period Reemergence of adenovirus type 4 acute respiratory disease in military trainees: Report of an outbreak during a lapse in vaccination Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus type 4 infections in US military recruits in the postvaccination era Adenovirus type 4 respiratory infections among civilian adults, Northeastern United States Adenovirus type 4 respiratory infections with a concurrent outbreak of coxsackievirus A21 among United States army basic trainees, a retrospective viral etiology study using next-generation sequencing Classification of human adenoviruses by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of structural polypeptides The degree of genetic variability among adenovirus type 4 strains isolated from man and chimpanzee Genomic and bioinformatics analysis of HAdV-4, a human adenovirus causing acute respiratory disease: Implications for gene therapy and vaccine vector development A mini review of the zoonotic threat potential of influenza viruses, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, and enteroviruses Specific binding of a cellular DNA replication protein to the origin of replication of adenovirus DNA Structure and function of the adenovirus origin of replication Purification of a cellular, double-stranded DNA-binding protein required for initiation of adenovirus DNA replication by using a rapid filter-binding assay Purification of nuclear factor I by DNA recognition site affinity chromatography Contactpoint analysis of the hela nuclear factor i recognition site reveals symmetrical binding at one side of the DNA helix Initiation of adenovirus DNA replication. I. Mechanism of action of a host protein required for replication of adenovirus DNA templates devoid of the terminal protein Redundant elements in the adenovirus type 5 inverted terminal repeat promote bidirectional transcription in vitro and are important for virus growth in vivo Transcription factors nfi and nfiii/oct-1 function independently, employing different mechanisms to enhance adenovirus DNA replication Conserved sequences at the origin of adenovirus DNA replication Outbreak of adenovirus type 4 infection in a long-term care facility for the elderly Respiratory adenoviral infections in children: A study of hospitalized cases in southern Taiwan in 2001-2002 A swimming pool-associated outbreak of pharyngoconjunctival fever caused by human adenovirus type 4 in Beijing Computational analysis identifies human adenovirus type 55 as a re-emergent acute respiratory disease pathogen Evidence of molecular evolution driven by recombination events influencing tropism in a novel human adenovirus that causes epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Phylogenomic evidence for recombination of adenoviruses in wild gorillas Simian adenovirus type 35 has a recombinant genome comprising human and simian adenovirus sequences, which predicts its potential emergence as a human respiratory pathogen Adenovirus in rural cote d'ivoire: High diversity and cross-species detection Multiple cross-species transmission events of human adenoviruses (HAdV) during hominine evolution Novel adenoviruses in wild primates: A high level of genetic diversity and evidence of zoonotic transmissions A novel adenovirus species associated with an acute respiratory outbreak in a baboon colony and evidence of coincident human infection Neutralizing antibodies to human and simian adenoviruses in humans and new-world monkeys Cross-species transmission of a novel adenovirus associated with a fulminant pneumonia outbreak in a new world monkey colony Genomic and bioinformatics analyses of HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac, two human adenovirus (HAdV) strains that constituted original prophylaxis against HAdV-related acute respiratory disease, a reemerging epidemic disease Phylogenetic analysis of circulating HAdV-E4 strains Overreliance on the hexon gene, leading to misclassification of human adenoviruses Three adenovirus E3 proteins cooperate to evade apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 and -2 Functions and mechanisms of action of the adenovirus E3 proteins Seroepidemiological investigation of hadv-4 infection among healthy adults in china and in Sierra Leone Identification and typing of respiratory adenoviruses in Guangzhou, southern China using a rapid and simple method MEGA7: keywords: adenovirus; hadv; human; populations; replication; type cache: cord-003516-l1lq8yga.txt plain text: cord-003516-l1lq8yga.txt item: #21 of 243 id: cord-003586-afnto2tz author: Baillet, Nicolas title: Autophagy Promotes Infectious Particle Production of Mopeia and Lassa Viruses date: 2019-03-23 words: 7611 flesch: 46 summary: As NDP52 and TAX1BP1 interact with Z and are known to be involved in the selective degradation of pathogens by autophagy, we first assessed whether MOPV or LASV Z protein is present in autophagosomes by transfecting MOPV or LASV Z protein into HeLa cells that stably express a GFP-fused LC3 (GFP-LC3 HeLa), commonly used as a marker of autophagosomes ( Figure 3A ) As NDP52 and TAX1BP1 interact with Z and are known to be involved in the selective degradation of pathogens by autophagy, we first assessed whether MOPV or LASV Z protein is present in autophagosomes by transfecting MOPV or LASV Z protein into HeLa cells that stably express a GFP-fused LC3 (GFP-LC3 HeLa), commonly used as a marker of autophagosomes ( Figure 3A ) keywords: autophagy; cells; figure; gfp; hela; hela cells; infection; lasv; lc3; mopv; ndp52; protein; role; tax1bp1; virus cache: cord-003586-afnto2tz.txt plain text: cord-003586-afnto2tz.txt item: #22 of 243 id: cord-003646-kjkuet78 author: López-Camacho, César title: Assessment of Immunogenicity and Neutralisation Efficacy of Viral-Vectored Vaccines Against Chikungunya Virus date: 2019-04-03 words: 6371 flesch: 45 summary: Here, we describe the design and development of CHIKV vaccines based on the clinically relevant adenoviral vector, ChAdOx1 and the Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) platforms [25] [26] [27] In this work we have constructed CHIKV vaccines based on viral-vector platforms, such as ChAdOx1 and MVA vectors. keywords: antibodies; antibody; cells; chadox1; chikungunya; figure; mice; mva; prime; protein; responses; schikv; vaccines; virus cache: cord-003646-kjkuet78.txt plain text: cord-003646-kjkuet78.txt item: #23 of 243 id: cord-003697-vmmlxr0o author: Zhu, Yang title: Efficient Production of Human Norovirus-Specific IgY in Egg Yolks by Vaccination of Hens with a Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Expressing VP1 Protein date: 2019-05-16 words: 7473 flesch: 48 summary: We found that HuNoV VP1 was highly expressed in chicken cells infected by rVSV-VP1 and that hens vaccinated rVSV-VP1 induced a high level of HuNoV-specific IgY in egg yolks. Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells were infected with baculovirus expressing HuNoV VP1 at an MOI of 10, and the infected Sf9 cells and cell culture supernatants were harvested at 6 days postinoculation. keywords: binding; blocking; cells; chicken; egg; hbga; hunov; igy; rvsv; specific; total; vlps; vp1 cache: cord-003697-vmmlxr0o.txt plain text: cord-003697-vmmlxr0o.txt item: #24 of 243 id: cord-003761-ikni2acz author: Li, Zengbin title: Biological Function and Application of Picornaviral 2B Protein: A New Target for Antiviral Drug Development date: 2019-06-04 words: 6439 flesch: 34 summary: In this review, we mainly summarize recent research data on the viroporin or viroporin-like activity of 2B proteins, which affects the biological function of the membrane, regulates cell death, and affects the host immune response. In addition, the 2B protein exhibits a viroporin or viroporin-like activity, and thus, targeted drugs against viroporin could potentially target 2B protein as a novel strategy to treat or prevent picornavirus infections. keywords: activity; disease; fmdv; foot; host; membrane; mouth; protein; replication; viroporin; virus cache: cord-003761-ikni2acz.txt plain text: cord-003761-ikni2acz.txt item: #25 of 243 id: cord-003772-1345qct4 author: Kummer, Susann title: IFITM3 Clusters on Virus Containing Endosomes and Lysosomes Early in the Influenza A Infection of Human Airway Epithelial Cells date: 2019-06-12 words: 7861 flesch: 39 summary: Some co-localization of NP with IFITM3 and Rab11 signals was observed on apparently vesicular structures in the extranuclear space of IAV infected A549 cells at 1-6 h p.i. Some co-localization of NP with IFITM3 and Rab11 signals was observed on apparently vesicular structures in the extranuclear space of IAV infected A549 cells at 1-6 h p.i. keywords: a549; a549 cells; cells; clustering; endosomal; endosomes; figure; iav; ifitm3; infection; influenza; localization; signal; virus cache: cord-003772-1345qct4.txt plain text: cord-003772-1345qct4.txt item: #26 of 243 id: cord-003775-1axsebya author: Lelli, Davide title: Hypsugopoxvirus: A Novel Poxvirus Isolated from Hypsugo savii in Italy date: 2019-06-19 words: 3010 flesch: 41 summary: Rapid annotation of viral genomes using a closely related reference genome A real-time PCR assay for bat SARS-like coronavirus detection and its application to Italian greater horseshoe bat faecal sample surveys Alpha and lineage C betaCoV infections in Italian bats Detection and full genome characterization of two beta CoV viruses related to Middle East respiratory syndrome from bats in Italy Full genome characterization of two novel Alpha-coronavirus species from Italian bats Active and passive surveillance for bat lyssaviruses in Italy revealed serological evidence for their circulation in three bat species Detection and phylogenetic characterization of astroviruses in insectivorous bats from Central-Southern Italy Cotia virus: A new agent isolated from sentinel mice in Sao Paulo Biological characterization and next-generation genome sequencing of the unclassified Cotia virus SPAn232 (Poxviridae) Dead bats from different species were collected for virological investigations from wild animal rescue/rehabilitation centers in the context of a general surveillance project that has been implemented in Northern Italy since 2009-2010, which focuses on the detection of emerging bat viruses [14] keywords: analysis; bat; bats; eptv; genome; hypv; italy; poxvirus; viruses cache: cord-003775-1axsebya.txt plain text: cord-003775-1axsebya.txt item: #27 of 243 id: cord-003807-e2txo10z author: Ke, Fei title: Ranaviruses Bind Cells from Different Species through Interaction with Heparan Sulfate date: 2019-06-29 words: 5550 flesch: 50 summary: The level of bound virus (MCP level) in the treated group versus that in the control group (no heparin) was calculated by the 2 −∆∆CT method [53] . These results indicate that cell surface HS is involved in ADRV and RGV cell binding and infection. keywords: adrv; binding; cell; heparin; proteins; rgv; surface; virus; viruses cache: cord-003807-e2txo10z.txt plain text: cord-003807-e2txo10z.txt item: #28 of 243 id: cord-003859-k8wfyj9b author: Paweska, Janusz T. title: Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of Three Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for the Detection of IgG Antibodies to Ebola Virus in Human Sera date: 2019-07-24 words: 6410 flesch: 43 summary: Impact on outbreak response, case management and laboratory systems strengthening Lateral flow immunoassays for Ebola virus disease detection in Liberia Comparative performance of four rapid Ebola antigen-detection lateral flow immunoassays during the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa Serologic cross-reactivity of human IgM and IgG antibodies to five species of Ebola virus Serological investigation of laboratory-confirmed and suspected Ebola virus disease patients during the late phase of the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone Production of antigens for ELISA Analysis of linear B-cell epitopes of the nucleoprotein of Ebola virus that distinguish Ebola virus subtypes Sequence analysis of the Ebola virus genome: Organization, genetic elements, and comparison with the genome of Marburg virus Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to Ebola and Marburg viruses using recombinant nucleoproteins Human survivors of disease outbreaks caused by Ebola or Marburg virus exhibit cross-reactive and long-lived antibody responses Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of filovirus species-specific antibodies Protective efficacy of neutralizing antibodies against Ebola virus infection Recombinant Ebola virus nucleoprotein and glycoprotein (Gabon 94 strain) provide new tools for the detection of human infections Serological reactivity of baculovirus-expressed Ebola virus VP35 and nucleoproteins Nucleoprotein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (indirect ELISA) for detecting antibodies specific to Ebola virus and Marburg virus Quantitative serology assays for determination of antibody responses to Ebola virus glycoprotein and matrix protein in nonhuman primates and humans Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli: Advances and challenges Engineering N-glycosylation pathways in the baculovirus-insect cell system Asymptomatic infection and unrecognised Ebola virus disease in Ebola-affected households in Sierra Leone: A cross-sectional study using a new non-invasive assay for antibodies to Ebola virus Standardization of the filovirus plaque assay for use in preclinical studies South African Ebola diagnostic response in Sierra Leone: A modular high biosafety field laboratory Diagnostic reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction kit for filoviruses based on the strain collections of all European biosafety level 4 laboratories World Health Organization. Ebola virus disease in West Africa-the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections World Health Organization-Ebola virus Disease-Democratic Republic of the Congo DRC Ebola outbreak crisis update 11 313 unnecessary Ebola-related deaths: keywords: control; cut; ebola; ebov; elisa; igg; negative; sera; serum; virus; wag cache: cord-003859-k8wfyj9b.txt plain text: cord-003859-k8wfyj9b.txt item: #29 of 243 id: cord-003861-qeao4ghg author: Aris-Brosou, Stéphane title: Viral Long-Term Evolutionary Strategies Favor Stability over Proliferation date: 2019-07-24 words: 4517 flesch: 40 summary: Genes that are affected by correlated evolution include: helicase activity and binding at the interface of multiple compartments in dsDNA viruses, or transferase activity and protein modifications on the envelope in ssRNA viruses (Table S2) . Unifying the epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of pathogens The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses What does virus evolution tell us about virus origins? Prevalence of epistasis in the evolution of influenza A surface proteins The unsolved challenge to phylogenetic correlation tests for categorical characters Stability-mediated epistasis constrains the evolution of an influenza protein Compensatory evolution in mitochondrial tRNAs navigates valleys of low fitness keywords: dsdna; evolution; figure; genes; selection; sites; ssrna; viruses cache: cord-003861-qeao4ghg.txt plain text: cord-003861-qeao4ghg.txt item: #30 of 243 id: cord-003865-24lz9tf1 author: Zhou, Hongzhuan title: Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells date: 2019-08-13 words: 5602 flesch: 46 summary: The percentage inhibition was calculated using the formula: percentage CPE inhibition = (OD 450 of drug treated cells − OD 450 of negative control)/(OD 450 of positive control − OD 450 of negative control) Cells treated with 0.1% DMSO served as control, and the effect on drug inhibition was evaluated using TransDetect ® Cell Counting Kit (TransGen Biotech, Beijing, China) at 40 h postinfection, as described above. keywords: cells; closantel; cpe; cpv; drugs; figure; infection; inhibition; nitazoxanide; sodium cache: cord-003865-24lz9tf1.txt plain text: cord-003865-24lz9tf1.txt item: #31 of 243 id: cord-003915-kje8lvgl author: Pigeyre, Laetitia title: Interaction of a Densovirus with Glycans of the Peritrophic Matrix Mediates Oral Infection of the Lepidopteran Pest Spodoptera frugiperda date: 2019-09-17 words: 9052 flesch: 43 summary: Results showed that JcDV infected larvae pre-treated with Calcofluor displayed a significant shorter median time to death (LT50) compared to untreated infected larvae (7 vs. 9 days p.i. for control larvae; p < 0.01) ( Figure 1A and Supplementary Materials Figure S1 ), supporting that the PM can limit JcDV infection. JcDV infection of target cells (eg epidermis, trachea, hemocytes) proceeds by a receptor-dependent mechanism different from intestinal cells keywords: binding; calcofluor; capsids; caterpillars; chitin; densovirus; figure; frugiperda; glycans; gut; infection; insect; jcdv; midgut; min; pbs; proteins; results cache: cord-003915-kje8lvgl.txt plain text: cord-003915-kje8lvgl.txt item: #32 of 243 id: cord-003917-bswndfvk author: Lalle, Eleonora title: Pulmonary Involvement during the Ebola Virus Disease date: 2019-08-24 words: 5546 flesch: 31 summary: A case report Antibody prevalence against haemorrhagic fever viruses in randomized representative Central African populations Risk factors for patients without a reported exposure CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidance for Donning and Doffing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) During Management of Patients with Ebola Virus Disease Interim Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Care of Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Filovirus Haemorrhagic Fever in Health-Care Settings, with Focus on Ebola Nucleic acid amplification-based diagnosis of respiratory virus infections Understanding Ebola virus transmission Ebola and Marburg virus antibody prevalence in selected populations of the Central African Republic The Repertoire of Adenovirus in Human Disease: The Innocuous to the Deadly Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Respiratory syncytial virus Measles virus: Cellular receptors, tropism and pathogenesis Pathological and ultrastructural analysis of surgical lung biopsies in patients with swine-origin influenza type A/H1N1 and acute respiratory failure Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Pathogenesis of the viral hemorrhagic fevers Dengue viruses can infect human primary lung epithelia as well as lung carcinoma cells, and can also induce the secretion of IL-6 and RANTES Pathogenesis of Lassa Fever. Soldier in the Fight against Respiratory Viruses Epithelial antimicrobial peptides and proteins: Their role in host defence and inflammation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) CDC Grand Rounds: Discovering new diseases via enhanced partnership between public health and pathology experts Detection of Viral RNA in Tissues following Plasma Clearance from an Ebola Virus Infected Patient Proinflammatory response during Ebola virus infection of primate models: Possible involvement of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily Infection and activation of monocytes by Marburg and Ebola viruses Kinetics of Soluble Mediators of the Host Response in Ebola Virus Disease Human Ebola virus infection results in substantial immune activation Inflammatory and Humoral Immune Response during Ebola Virus Infection in Survivor and Fatal Cases Occurred in Sierra Leone during the 2014-2016 Outbreak in West Africa Into the Eye of the Human fatal zaire ebola virus infection is associated with an aberrant innate immunity and with massive lymphocyte apoptosis Dendritic cells and the control of immunity The lack of maturation of Ebola virus-infected dendritic cells results from the cooperative effect of at least two viral domains Ebola and Marburg viruses replicate in monocyte-derived dendritic cells without inducing the production of cytokines and full maturation Immune barriers of Ebola virus infection Different features of Vδ2 T and NK cells in fatal and non-fatal human Ebola infections Ebola haemorrhagic fever virus: keywords: cells; disease; ebola; ebov; evd; infection; lung; outbreak; patients; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-003917-bswndfvk.txt plain text: cord-003917-bswndfvk.txt item: #33 of 243 id: cord-003961-gs75ebo4 author: Yin, Xin title: Hepatitis E Virus Entry date: 2019-09-20 words: 5144 flesch: 44 summary: Hepatitis E virus: Advances and challenges The Current Host Range of Hepatitis E Viruses Ribavirin therapy inhibits viral replication on patients with chronic hepatitis e virus infection Ribavirin for chronic hepatitis E virus infection in transplant recipients A mutation in the hepatitis E virus RNA polymerase promotes its replication and associates with ribavirin treatment failure in organ transplant recipients Hepatitis E virus mutations associated with ribavirin treatment failure result in altered viral fitness and ribavirin sensitivity Efficacy and safety of a recombinant hepatitis E vaccine in healthy adults: A large-scale, randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled Long-Term Efficacy of a Hepatitis E Vaccine Evidence for a virus in non-A, non-B hepatitis transmitted via the fecal-oral route Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) strains in serum samples can replicate efficiently in cultured cells despite the coexistence of HEV antibodies: Characterization of HEV virions in blood circulation Characterization of the Quasi-Enveloped Hepatitis E Virus Particles Released by the Cellular Exosomal Pathway Role of Envelopment in the HEV Life Cycle Distinct Entry Mechanisms for Nonenveloped and Quasi-Enveloped Hepatitis E Viruses Hepatitis E virus (HEV): Molecular cloning and sequencing of the full-length viral genome ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus is essential for virion release from infected cells Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced Synthesis of a Novel Viral Factor Mediates Efficient Replication of Genotype-1 Hepatitis E Virus Biological and immunological characteristics of hepatitis E virus-like particles based on the crystal structure Structure of hepatitis E virion-sized particle reveals an RNA-dependent viral assembly pathway Structure of the hepatitis E virus-like particle suggests mechanisms for virus assembly and receptor binding Recent advances in Hepatitis E virus Dimerization of hepatitis E virus capsid protein E2s domain is essential for virus-host interaction Naked viruses that are't always naked: Quasi-enveloped agents of acute hepatitis Monoclonal antibodies raised against the ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus (HEV) can capture HEV particles in culture supernatant and serum but not those in feces Peek-a-boo: Membrane hijacking and the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis Hepatitis E Virus Assembly and Release Proline-rich regions and motifs in trafficking: From ESCRT interaction to viral exploitation A PSAP motif in the ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus is necessary for virion release from infected cells Hepatitis E virus egress depends on the exosomal pathway, with secretory exosomes derived from multivesicular bodies Protein composition of the hepatitis A virus quasi-envelope Experimental African HEV infection in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) By examining his fecal material using electron microcopy (EM), Dr. Balayan obtained the first morphologic evidence of HEV virions, which appeared as nonenveloped icosahedral particles, 27-30 nm in diameter, with a spiky surface [9] . keywords: cells; ehev; entry; hepatitis; hev; membrane; naked; particles; protein; virion; virus cache: cord-003961-gs75ebo4.txt plain text: cord-003961-gs75ebo4.txt item: #34 of 243 id: cord-003962-lg6gvgwt author: Zhou, Shaochuan title: Characterizing the PRRSV nsp2 Deubiquitinase Reveals Dispensability of Cis-Activity for Replication and a Link of nsp2 to Inflammation Induction date: 2019-09-26 words: 10747 flesch: 51 summary: The subsequent mutagenesis analyses revealed that the requirement for PLP2 DUB activity surprisingly resembled that for cis-cleavage activity, as several mutations (e.g., D91R, D85R, etc.) that largely ablated the DUB function also blocked the cis- but not trans-proteolytic cleavage of nsp2/3 polyprotein. The data also establish a strong link of nsp2 to pro-inflammatory cytokine induction during infection that operates in a manner independent of PLP2 DUB activity. keywords: activity; cells; cis; cleavage; cleavage activity; dub; dub activity; figure; mutants; mutations; nsp2; plp2; plp2 dub; prrsv; t88; virus cache: cord-003962-lg6gvgwt.txt plain text: cord-003962-lg6gvgwt.txt item: #35 of 243 id: cord-004018-33zi29bg author: Coombs, Kevin M. title: Aptamer Profiling of A549 Cells Infected with Low-Pathogenicity and High-Pathogenicity Influenza Viruses date: 2019-11-05 words: 5408 flesch: 39 summary: [13] . Genome-wide RNAi screens and mRNA microarray screens identified >1500 cellular genes and proteins influenza virus may depend upon [28] human lung cell proteins affected by the different IAV strains, and identified more than 500 significantly dysregulated cellular proteins. keywords: cells; h5n1; h7n9; infection; influenza; pr8; proteins; strains; virus; viruses cache: cord-004018-33zi29bg.txt plain text: cord-004018-33zi29bg.txt item: #36 of 243 id: cord-004020-qtwcbn7m author: Gao, Yaning title: Identification of Novel Natural Products as Effective and Broad-Spectrum Anti-Zika Virus Inhibitors date: 2019-11-02 words: 7718 flesch: 42 summary: Anti-ZIKV compounds, such as temoporfin [28] , 25-hydroxycholesterol [29] , bortezomib [16] , and NITD008 No therapeutic agents have, so far, been approved for the treatment of ZIKV infection in humans; as such, there is a need for a continuous effort to develop effective and safe antiviral drugs to treat ZIKV-caused diseases. keywords: activity; binding; cells; cytotoxicity; ediii; figure; gossypol; infection; products; virus; zikv cache: cord-004020-qtwcbn7m.txt plain text: cord-004020-qtwcbn7m.txt item: #37 of 243 id: cord-004022-cr0zskcw author: Lu, Chien-Yi title: The Rescue and Characterization of Recombinant, Microcephaly-Associated Zika Viruses as Single-Round Infectious Particles date: 2019-10-31 words: 5559 flesch: 41 summary: The DNA-launched replicon of ZIKV Natal RGN was constructed and contains the EGFP reporter, lacks prM-E genes, and replicates under CMV promoter control. Moreover, ZIKV Natal RGN SRIPs effectively self-replicated in rhabdomyosarcoma/muscle, glioblastoma/astrocytoma, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells, displaying unique cell susceptibility with differential attachment activity. keywords: cells; figure; natal; natal rgn; packaging; replicon; rgn; rgn srips; srips; zikv; zikv natal cache: cord-004022-cr0zskcw.txt plain text: cord-004022-cr0zskcw.txt item: #38 of 243 id: cord-004334-y1fcw1dj author: Kalodimou, Georgia title: A Soluble Version of Nipah Virus Glycoprotein G Delivered by Vaccinia Virus MVA Activates Specific CD8 and CD4 T Cells in Mice date: 2019-12-24 words: 8898 flesch: 44 summary: So far, relatively little is known about the role of T cell responses and the antigenic targets of NiV-G that are recognized by CD8 T cells. IFNAR−/− mice on a C57BL/6 background (MHC I = H2-Db/H2-Kb (H2-b) and MHC II = H2-IAb) were immunized twice with the MVA-NiVsG candidate vaccine via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route, and splenocytes were prepared 8 days after the final inoculation, CD4 and CD8 T cells were purified and restimulated with overlapping 15mer peptides corresponding to the NiV-G protein. keywords: cd8; cd8 t; cells; figure; ifn; infection; mice; mva; nipah; niv; nivsg; peptide; protein; t cells; vaccine; virus cache: cord-004334-y1fcw1dj.txt plain text: cord-004334-y1fcw1dj.txt item: #39 of 243 id: cord-004335-bw3tziup author: Perez-Zsolt, Daniel title: When Dendritic Cells Go Viral: The Role of Siglec-1 in Host Defense and Dissemination of Enveloped Viruses date: 2019-12-19 words: 7388 flesch: 32 summary: A mathematical modelling study A case of Ebola virus infection Assessment of the risk of Ebola virus Transmission from bodily fluids and fomites Persistence and genetic stability of Ebola virus during the outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical, virologic, and immunologic follow-up of convalescent Ebola hemorrhagic fever patients and their household contacts Enhancement of Ebola virus infection by seminal amyloid fibrils Transforming growth factor beta 1 up-regulates CD169 (sialoadhesin) expression on monocytederived dendritic cells: Role in HIV sexual transmission The dendritic cell system and its role in immunogenicity Dendritic cells and the control of immunity Visualizing priming of virus-specific CD8 + T cells by infected dendritic cells in vivo Endogenous MHC class II processing of a viral nuclear antigen after autophagy Systemic activation of dendritic cells by Toll-like receptor ligands or malaria infection impairs cross-presentation and antiviral immunity Dendritic cells in viral pathogenesis: Protective or defective? Anti-immunology: Evasion of the host immune system by bacterial and viral pathogens Dendritic cell functions: Learning from microbial evasion strategies Dendritic cells exposed to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 transmit a vigorous cytopathic infection to CD4 + T cells Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, infection with human immunodeficiency virus, and immunopathology Pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques: Evidence that dendritic cells are early and sustained targets of infection Cellular targets of infection and route of viral dissemination after an intravaginal inoculation of simian immunodeficiency virus into rhesus macaques The molecule of DC-SIGN captures enterovirus 71 and confers dendritic cell-mediated viral trans-infection Dendritic cells mediate herpes simplex virus infection and transmission through the C-type lectin DC-SIGN Dendritic cells as Achilles' heel and Trojan horse during varicella zoster virus infection Murine cytomegalovirus spreads by dendritic cell recirculation DC-SIGN and CD150 have distinct roles in transmission of measles virus from dendritic cells to T-lymphocytes Replication in cells of hematopoietic origin is necessary for Dengue virus dissemination Siglecs and their roles in the immune system HIV-1 capture and transmission by dendritic cells: The role of viral glycolipids and the cellular receptor Siglec-1 CD169-dependent cell-associated HIV-1 transmission: A driver of virus dissemination Anti-Siglec-1 antibodies block Ebola viral uptake and decrease cytoplasmic viral entry Characterization of human sialoadhesin, a sialic acid binding receptor expressed by resident and inflammatory macrophage populations Retroviruses human immunodeficiency virus and murine leukemia virus are enriched in phosphoinositides Role of lipids in virus replication Sialyllactose in viral membrane gangliosides is a novel molecular recognition pattern for mature dendritic cell capture of HIV-1 Lipid raft microdomains: A gateway for compartmentalized trafficking of Ebola and Marburg viruses Quantifying lipid contents in enveloped virus particles with plasmonic nanoparticles In vivo oligomerization and raft localization of Ebola virus protein VP40 during vesicular budding Siglec regulation of immune cell function in disease Sialic acid binding receptors (siglecs) expressed by macrophages Subcapsular sinus macrophages in lymph nodes clear lymph-borne viruses and present them to antiviral B cells Subcapsular sinus macrophages prevent CNS invasion on peripheral infection with a neurotropic virus Retroviruses use CD169-mediated trans-infection of permissive lymphocytes to establish infection A protective role for the lectin CD169/Siglec-1 against a pathogenic murine retrovirus Available online The pathogenesis of Ebola virus disease Interferon-inducible mechanism of dendritic cell-mediated HIV-1 dissemination is dependent on Siglec-1/CD169 Sialoadhesin expressed on IFN-induced monocytes binds HIV-1 and enhances infectivity HIV-1 immune activation induces Siglec-1 expression and enhances viral trans-infection in blood and tissue myeloid cells Interferon-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in serum of patients in various stages of HIV-1 infection Induction of a striking systemic cytokine cascade prior to peak viremia in acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, in contrast to more modest and delayed responses in acute hepatitis B and C virus infections Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection The nature of the principal type 1 interferon-producing cells in human blood CD4 + blood dendritic cells are potent producers of IFN-alpha in response to in vitro HIV-1 infection Natural alpha interferon-producing cells respond to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with alpha interferon production and maturation into dendritic cells Endocytosis of HIV-1 activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor-viral RNA interactions MyD88-dependent immune activation mediated by human immunodeficiency virus type 1-encoded Toll-like receptor Ligands Innate sensing of HIV-infected cells Increased interferon alpha expression in circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells of HIV-1-infected patients Plasmacytoid dendritic cells accumulate and secrete interferon alpha in lymph nodes of HIV-1 patients Plasmacytoid dendritic cells suppress HIV-1 replication but contribute to HIV-1 induced immunopathogenesis in humanized mice Divergent TLR7 and TLR9 signaling and type I interferon production distinguish pathogenic and nonpathogenic AIDS virus infections Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells and concomitantly induces the bystander maturation of myeloid dendritic cells Sex differences in the Toll-like receptor-mediated response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to HIV-1 Dendritic cells from the cervical mucosa capture and transfer HIV-1 via Siglec-1 Maturation, activation, and protection of dendritic cells induced by double-stranded RNA Type I interferons produced by dendritic cells promote their phenotypic and functional activation A type I interferon autocrine-paracrine loop is involved in Toll-like receptor-induced interleukin-12p70 secretion by dendritic cells Autocrine type I interferon amplifies dendritic cell responses to lipopolysaccharide via the nuclear factor-κB/p38 pathways Damaged intestinal epithelial integrity linked to microbial translocation in pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections Intestinal damage precedes mucosal immune dysfunction in SIV infection Siglec-1 is a novel dendritic cell receptor that mediates HIV-1 trans-infection through recognition of viral membrane gangliosides Markedly elevated levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, IFN-α, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α associated with fatal Ebola virus infection In vivo Ebola virus infection leads to a strong innate response in circulating immune cells Human asymptomatic Ebola infection and strong inflammatory response Ebola virus failure to stimulate plasmacytoid dendritic cell interferon responses correlates with impaired cellular entry Infection with the Makona variant results in a delayed and distinct host immune response compared to previous Ebola virus variants Ebola virus-like particles stimulate type keywords: cells; dcs; dendritic; ebola; ebov; figure; immune; infection; siglec-1; type; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-004335-bw3tziup.txt plain text: cord-004335-bw3tziup.txt item: #40 of 243 id: cord-004337-jtaz1gdp author: Wu, Fangfang title: A Chimeric Sudan Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Candidate Produced by a Recombinant Baculovirus System Induces Specific Immune Responses in Mice and Horses date: 2020-01-03 words: 5752 flesch: 46 summary: The expression of SUDV VP40 and GP in SUDV VLPs was demonstrated by IFA and Western blot analysis. The expression of SUDV VP40 and GP in SUDV VLPs was demonstrated by IFA and Western blot analysis. keywords: adjuvant; antibodies; cells; ebola; mice; rbv; sudv; sudv vlps; virus; vlps; vp40 cache: cord-004337-jtaz1gdp.txt plain text: cord-004337-jtaz1gdp.txt item: #41 of 243 id: cord-004507-ezuyjcxs author: Tomazatos, Alexandru title: Letea Virus: Comparative Genomics and Phylogenetic Analysis of a Novel Reassortant Orbivirus Discovered in Grass Snakes (Natrix natrix) date: 2020-02-21 words: 6329 flesch: 43 summary: Putative functions of LEAV proteins were assigned by comparison to sequences in Genbank, using BLASTx. A new fusogenic orthoreovirus species Whole genome characterization of a chelonian orthoreovirus strain identifies significant genetic diversity and may classify reptile orthoreoviruses into distinct species Ecological Partitioning between Dice Snakes (Natrix tessellata) and Grass Snakes (Natrix natrix) in Southern Croatia Cimodo virus belongs to a novel lineage of reoviruses isolated from African mosquitoes A Newly Isolated Reovirus Has the Simplest Genomic and Structural Organization of Any Reovirus A survey of antibody to 10 arboviruses (Koongol group, Mapputta group and ungrouped) isolated in Queensland A new orbivirus isolated from mosquitoes in North-Western Australia shows antigenic and genetic similarity to corriparta virus but does not replicate in vertebrate cells Genetic characterization of Tribeč virus and Kemerovo virus, two tick-transmitted human-pathogenic Orbiviruses Vector competence is strongly affected by a small deletion or point mutations in bluetongue virus Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the core proteins VP1, VP3, VP4, VP6 and VP7 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) RNA segment 9 exists as a duplex concatemer in an Australian strain of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV): Genetic analysis and evidence for the presence of concatemers as a normal feature of orbivirus replication Complete characterisation of the American grass carp reovirus genome (genus Aquareovirus: Family Reoviridae) reveals an evolutionary link between aquareoviruses and coltiviruses Genomic concatemerization/deletion in rotaviruses: A new mechanism for generating rapid genetic change of potential epidemiological importance Genomic rearrangement in genome segment 12 of rice dwarf phytoreovirus A Bat-Derived Putative Cross-Family Recombinant Coronavirus with a Reovirus Gene Crystal structure of the top domain of African horse sickness virus VP7: Comparisons with bluetongue virus VP7 RGD tripeptide of bluetongue virus VP7 protein is responsible for core attachment to Culicoides cells Characterization of Orungo virus, an orbivirus from Uganda and Nigeria Orungo Virus: Transmission Studies with Aedes Albopictus and Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)1 Replication of Eubenangee virus in Culicoides nubeculosus (Mg.) and Culicoides variipennis (Coq.) keywords: analysis; culicoides; figure; genome; genus; host; leav; novel; orbivirus; protein; reassortment; rna; sbov; snakes; species; table; virus; viruses cache: cord-004507-ezuyjcxs.txt plain text: cord-004507-ezuyjcxs.txt item: #42 of 243 id: cord-004508-ok3px98z author: Armando, Federico title: Oxidative Stress in Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma Cells Induced by an Infection with Canine Distemper Virus Led to a Dysregulation of HIF-1α Downstream Pathway Resulting in a Reduced Expression of VEGF-B In Vitro date: 2020-02-11 words: 8287 flesch: 30 summary: Five formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cell pellets of non-infected DH82 cells and 5 of DH82Ond pi cells were produced as previously described [43] . For CDV-NP, 8OHdG, SOD2, CAT, HIF-1α, and VEGF-B, the percentage of immunopositive cells for each group (non-infected DH82 cells and DH82Ond pi cells) was assessed manually by counting 5 evenly distributed fields per pellet at a 400x magnification using an inverted fluorescence microscope (Olympus IX-70, Olympus Optical Co. GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) equipped with a Olympus DP72 camera and Olympus cellSens standard software version 2.3. keywords: canine; cdv; cells; dh82 cells; dh82ond; dh82ond pi; expression; hif-1α; median; non; pi cells; range; ros; stress; virus cache: cord-004508-ok3px98z.txt plain text: cord-004508-ok3px98z.txt item: #43 of 243 id: cord-004509-jkzqmkz6 author: Thirion, Laurence title: Lyophilized Matrix Containing Ready-to-Use Primers and Probe Solution for Standardization of Real-Time PCR and RT-qPCR Diagnostics in Virology date: 2020-01-30 words: 4401 flesch: 40 summary: The corresponding volume of P&P solution was dispensed in 2-mL glass vials (WHEATON ® , Dominique Dutscher, Brumath, France). Glass vials containing P&P solution to perform 8 to 96 reactions can be prepared using the protocols presented in Table 2 . keywords: assays; chikv; liquid; lyoph; p&p; pcr; results; rna cache: cord-004509-jkzqmkz6.txt plain text: cord-004509-jkzqmkz6.txt item: #44 of 243 id: cord-004510-cbutpjre author: Seetahal, Janine F. R. title: The Serological Prevalence of Rabies Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in the Bat Population on the Caribbean Island of Trinidad date: 2020-02-05 words: 6432 flesch: 39 summary: Taken together with the ubiquity of the Artibeus species throughout the Caribbean [78] the presence or introduction of RABV into other Caribbean islands previously thought to be free of bat rabies is plausible. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis Host and viral ecology determine bat rabies seasonality and maintenance Evidence for prenatal transfer of rabies virus in the Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) keywords: bats; exposure; island; population; prevalence; rabies; rabv; rvna; samples; seropositivity; species; study; trinidad; virus cache: cord-004510-cbutpjre.txt plain text: cord-004510-cbutpjre.txt item: #45 of 243 id: cord-009399-6zpkpdzu author: Sun, Fang title: Topology, Antiviral Functional Residues and Mechanism of IFITM1 date: 2020-03-08 words: 5761 flesch: 53 summary: To determine the detailed topological model that IFITM1 adopted on the cell membranes, we constructed pcDNA3.1-HA-IFITM1-Myc plasmid to express IFITM1 protein fused N-terminal HA-tag and C-terminal Myc-tag for the experiments. To determine the detailed topological model that IFITM1 adopted on the cell membranes, we constructed pcDNA3.1-HA-IFITM1-Myc plasmid to express IFITM1 protein fused N-terminal HA-tag and C-terminal Myc-tag for the experiments. keywords: antibody; cells; cytoplasm; figure; ifitm1; krrk; membranes; myc; residues; virus; zikv cache: cord-009399-6zpkpdzu.txt plain text: cord-009399-6zpkpdzu.txt item: #46 of 243 id: cord-011435-x73foqu7 author: Glanz, Anna title: High Throughput Screening of FDA-Approved Drug Library Reveals the Compounds that Promote IRF3-Mediated Pro-Apoptotic Pathway Inhibit Virus Replication date: 2020-04-14 words: 8452 flesch: 36 summary: Therefore, in contrast to doxorubicin, which differentially modulates IRF3 activity by promoting RIPA and inhibiting the IRF3 transcriptional branch, PP exclusively promotes RIPA without affecting IRF3 transcriptional activity. Therefore, in contrast to doxorubicin, which differentially modulates IRF3 activity by promoting RIPA and inhibiting the IRF3 transcriptional branch, PP exclusively promotes RIPA without affecting IRF3 transcriptional activity. keywords: activity; cells; doxorubicin; figure; inhibited; irf3; pathway; replication; results; ripa; rlr; transcriptional; virus; vsv cache: cord-011435-x73foqu7.txt plain text: cord-011435-x73foqu7.txt item: #47 of 243 id: cord-011436-ud35mf5l author: Li, Yingying title: Interferon-λ Attenuates Rabies Virus Infection by Inducing Interferon-Stimulated Genes and Alleviating Neurological Inflammation date: 2020-04-06 words: 7463 flesch: 47 summary: Twenty fluorescent foci were examined to calculate the number of infected cells per fluorescent focus by using Image J software [31] . Taken together, these results suggest that expression of IFN-λ2 or IFN-λ3 inhibits RABV replication and spread in infected cells. keywords: astrocytes; brain; cells; expression; figure; ifn; ifnλ2; infection; mice; rabies; rabv; rb2c; virus cache: cord-011436-ud35mf5l.txt plain text: cord-011436-ud35mf5l.txt item: #48 of 243 id: cord-011438-imbpgsub author: Zhang, Yun title: Host–Virus Interaction: How Host Cells Defend against Influenza A Virus Infection date: 2020-03-29 words: 9339 flesch: 34 summary: hemagglutinin genes Nuclear traffic of influenza virus proteins and ribonucleoprotein complexes A virus nucleoprotein induces apoptosis in human airway epithelial cells: Implications of a novel interaction between nucleoprotein and host protein Clusterin Autophagy induction regulates influenza virus replication in a time-dependent manner Antigen-specific B-cell receptor sensitizes B cells to infection by influenza virus Modulation of Innate Immune Responses by the Influenza A NS1 and PA-X Proteins Host Immune Response to Influenza A Virus Infection NKp46 O-Glycan Sequences That Are Involved in the Interaction with Hemagglutinin Type 1 of Influenza Virus Evasion of natural killer cells by influenza virus Respiratory Influenza Virus Infection Induces Memory-like Liver NK Cells in Mice Critical Role of Natural Killer Cells in Lung Immunopathology During Influenza Infection in Mice NK cells exacerbate the pathology of influenza virus infection in mice Swift and Strong NK Cell Responses Protect 129 Mice against High-Dose Influenza Virus Infection A Role for Neutrophils in Viral Respiratory Disease. keywords: activation; apoptosis; avian; cells; host; human; iav; iavs; ifn; immunity; infection; influenza; pathway; protein; receptor; replication; responses; rna; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-011438-imbpgsub.txt plain text: cord-011438-imbpgsub.txt item: #49 of 243 id: cord-011635-vosu7y6j author: Norlander, Allison E. title: Innate Type 2 Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection date: 2020-05-08 words: 8278 flesch: 39 summary: The aforementioned studies suggest a link between IL-25 expression and the development of type 2 inflammation during RSV infection, however, more studies are needed to truly understand the impact of IL-25 signaling during human RSV infection. ILC2 activation leads to the production of type 2 cytokines and the induction of a type 2 response during RSV infection. keywords: bronchiolitis; cells; epithelial; hmgb1; il-33; ilc2; infection; mice; response; rsv; tslp; type; virus cache: cord-011635-vosu7y6j.txt plain text: cord-011635-vosu7y6j.txt item: #50 of 243 id: cord-012418-6ralcn8p author: Schwanke, Hella title: Of Keeping and Tipping the Balance: Host Regulation and Viral Modulation of IRF3-Dependent IFNB1 Expression date: 2020-07-07 words: 15774 flesch: 31 summary: Due to repulsion caused by the newly acquired negative charges, IRF3 proteins could also dissociate from the adaptor complex before dimerisation and converge subsequently either (i) in the cytoplasm, (ii) after translocation into the nucleus or (iii) after engagement of coactivators during recruitment to the enhancer. Further, we will inspect the regulatory mechanisms of these steps imposed by the host cell and present the manifold strategies viruses have evolved to intervene with IFNβ transcription downstream of IRF3 activation in order to secure establishment of a productive infection. keywords: activation; activity; beta; binding; cbp; cells; dna; expression; factor; gene; ifn; ifnb1; ifnβ; induction; infection; interferon; irf3; nucleus; p300; phosphorylation; protein; response; transcription; type; virus cache: cord-012418-6ralcn8p.txt plain text: cord-012418-6ralcn8p.txt item: #51 of 243 id: cord-012420-llh22iq2 author: Stott, Robert J. title: Distinct Molecular Mechanisms of Host Immune Response Modulation by Arenavirus NP and Z Proteins date: 2020-07-21 words: 12026 flesch: 34 summary: Viruses Inhibition of Innate Immune Responses Is Key to Pathogenesis by Arenaviruses Persistent virus infection inhibits type I interferon production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells to facilitate opportunistic infections Lassa virus infection of human dendritic cells and macrophages is productive but fails to activate cells Hemorrhagic Fever-Causing Arenaviruses: Lethal Pathogens and Potent Immune Suppressors Human dendritic cells infected with the nonpathogenic Mopeia virus induce stronger T-cell responses than those infected with Lassa virus Non-Pathogenic Mopeia Virus Induces More Robust Activation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells than Lassa Virus Intrinsic immunity: A front-line defense against viral attack HIV-1 and interferons: Who's interfering with whom? Resistance of Transmitted Founder HIV-1 to IFITM-Mediated Restriction Characterization of the alpha interferon-induced postentry block to HIV-1 infection in primary human macrophages and T cells Thus, this host protein acts as a positive regulator of the late stages of virus infection by enhancing the processes of viral release and virus production [180] . keywords: activity; arenavirus; binding; cells; host; ifn1; infection; interferon; junv; lassa; lasv; lcmv; pathogenic; protein; replication; response; rig; rna; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-012420-llh22iq2.txt plain text: cord-012420-llh22iq2.txt item: #52 of 243 id: cord-012497-n5pu1yeu author: Rogers, Meredith C. title: STAT2 Limits Host Species Specificity of Human Metapneumovirus date: 2020-07-04 words: 6426 flesch: 45 summary: We therefore inoculated STAT2 −/− mice with HMPV strain TN/94-49 and found that the virus grew to significantly higher titer in STAT2 −/− mice compared to STAT1 −/− or WT mice ( Figure 1A ). HMPV could be passaged mouse to mouse at low level detectable by qPCR in STAT1 -/mice, but we chose to pursue STAT2 based on our data showing higher replication in STAT2 −/− mice and the fact that the STAT2 protein is less conserved between human and mouse compared to STAT1. keywords: cells; figure; hmpv; human; ifn; infection; inhibition; mice; murine; signaling; stat2 cache: cord-012497-n5pu1yeu.txt plain text: cord-012497-n5pu1yeu.txt item: #53 of 243 id: cord-012845-so2umdlt author: Paczesny, Jan title: Recent Progress in the Detection of Bacteria Using Bacteriophages: A Review date: 2020-08-03 words: 10218 flesch: 48 summary: Bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, allow us to fight infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria and create specific, cheap, and stable sensors for bacteria detection. Here, we summarize the recent developments in the field of phage-based methods for bacteria detection. keywords: bacteria; bacteria detection; bacteriophages; cfu; coli; detection; et al; limit; lod; methods; phages; specific; surface; time; virions cache: cord-012845-so2umdlt.txt plain text: cord-012845-so2umdlt.txt item: #54 of 243 id: cord-012909-o6t2srim author: Chaudhari, Jayeshbhai title: Host Transcriptional Response to Persistent Infection with a Live-Attenuated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain date: 2020-07-28 words: 9329 flesch: 38 summary: A portion of freshly isolated PBMCs were used for measurement of T cell responses while the rest of PBMCs were cryopreserved for future analysis. Briefly two replicates of 250,000 PBMCs or ILN cells freshly collected from each pig were plated into two wells of a 96-well plate with PVDF membrane that were coated with anti-porcine IFN-γ antibody. keywords: activation; apoptosis; cells; con90; expression; figure; genes; ifn; iln; infection; pigs; porcine; prrsv; rna; study; syndrome; tissue; usa; viral; virus cache: cord-012909-o6t2srim.txt plain text: cord-012909-o6t2srim.txt item: #55 of 243 id: cord-013174-whg64w0w author: Bhatta, Tarka Raj title: Infection Dynamics of Swine Influenza Virus in a Danish Pig Herd Reveals Recurrent Infections with Different Variants of the H1N2 Swine Influenza A Virus Subtype date: 2020-09-10 words: 8222 flesch: 53 summary: A virus discovered from pigs in Germany Molecular epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses circulating within European swine between Reassortant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs Triple-reassortant influenza A virus with H3 of human seasonal origin, NA of swine origin, and internal A (H1N1) pandemic 2009 genes is established in Danish pigs Genetic and biological characterisation of an avian-like H1N2 swine influenza virus generated by reassortment of circulating avian-like H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes in Denmark Why are RNA virus mutation rates so damn high? Evasion of influenza A viruses from innate and adaptive immune responses Substantial Antigenic Drift in the Hemagglutinin Protein of Swine Influenza A Viruses Molecular basis of the structure and function of H1 hemagglutinin of influenza virus Structural basis of influenza virus neutralization Vaccination potential of B and T epitope-enriched NP and M2 against influenza A viruses from different clades and hosts Cross-reactive human B cell and T cell epitopes between influenza A and B viruses Conserved epitopes of influenza A virus inducing protective immunity and their prospects for universal vaccine development Pre-existing immunity against swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses in the general human population Glycosylation of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of influenza a virus as signature for ecological spillover and adaptation among influenza reservoirs Structural Development in Danish Pig Production StatPearls Dual infections of feeder pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus followed by porcine respiratory coronavirus or swine influenza virus: A clinical and virological study Interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus Swine influenza viruses: A North American perspective Development of a high-throughput real-time PCR system for detection of enzootic pathogens in pigs Raised without antibiotics Monitoring of Influenza A Virus in Pig Final Development and evaluation of a one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for universal detection of influenza A viruses from avian and mammal species Limited impact of influenza A virus vaccination of piglets in an enzootic infected sow herd Single-reaction genomic amplification accelerates sequencing and vaccine production for classical and Swine origin human influenza a viruses MUSCLE: A viruses The biology of influenza viruses keywords: acid; amino; antigenic; gene; iav; influenza; level; pigs; sequences; sites; swiav; swine; virus; week cache: cord-013174-whg64w0w.txt plain text: cord-013174-whg64w0w.txt item: #56 of 243 id: cord-013177-whd0znan author: Han, Zhenzhi title: The Husavirus Posa-Like Viruses in China, and a New Group of Picornavirales date: 2020-09-07 words: 5051 flesch: 41 summary: With the development of deep transcriptome sequencing, more novel unclassified RNA virus genomes have been identified, redefining the proposed evolutionary progress of the virosphere [4, 5] . Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Picornavirales, a proposed order of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a pseudo-T = 3 virion architecture The evolutionary history of vertebrate RNA viruses Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere Deciphering the Origin and Evolution of Hepatitis B Viruses by Means of a Family of Non-enveloped Fish Viruses Family of Small, Circular DNA Viruses of the Human Oro-Respiratory Tract Associated with Periodontitis and Critical Illness Virome heterogeneity and connectivity in waterfowl and shorebird communities Using Metagenomics to Characterize an Expanding Virosphere A Highly Divergent Picornavirus in a Marine Mammal A novel genus in the order Picornavirales detected in human stool The Fecal Virome of Pigs on a High-Density Farm Identification of a novel Picornavirales virus distantly related to posavirus in swine feces Complex virome in feces from Amerindian children in isolated Amazonian villages Highly diverse posaviruses in swine faeces are aquatic in origin Characterization of Posa and Posa-like virus genomes in fecal samples from humans, pigs, rats, and bats collected from a single location in Vietnam Viral metagenomics analysis demonstrates the diversity of viral flora in piglet diarrhoeic faeces in China Detection and complete genome characteristics of Posavirus 1 from pigs in China Virome comparisons in wild-diseased and healthy captive giant pandas Characterization of Norovirus and Other Human Enteric Viruses in Sewage and Stool Samples Through Next-Generation Sequencing Type 2 Poliovirus Detection after Global Withdrawal of Trivalent Oral Vaccine Faecal Virome Analysis of Wild Animals from Brazil Viral Metagenomics Revealed Sendai Virus and Coronavirus Infection of Malayan Pangolins (Manis javanica). keywords: china; genome; genomic; husavirus; length; picornavirales; posa; samples; sequences; strains; viruses cache: cord-013177-whd0znan.txt plain text: cord-013177-whd0znan.txt item: #57 of 243 id: cord-013178-li1x1m25 author: Hung, Ling-Chu title: The Monoclonal Antibody Recognized the Open Reading Frame Protein in Porcine Circovirus Type 2-Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells date: 2020-08-29 words: 9845 flesch: 55 summary: This study found non-vaccinated suckers had the highest of PCV2 proteins in blood at one week of age. The data show that 3–5% of PBMCs were positive for ORF3 protein or p53 protein. keywords: anti; capsid; circovirus; figure; igg; mab; orf3; orf3 protein; p53; pbmcs; pcv2; peptide; porcine; protein; study; type cache: cord-013178-li1x1m25.txt plain text: cord-013178-li1x1m25.txt item: #58 of 243 id: cord-252142-aqwlcs9g author: Uematsu, Jun title: Legume Lectins Inhibit Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 2 Infection by Interfering with the Entr date: 2012-06-29 words: 3041 flesch: 48 summary: The lectins considerably reduced the number of viruses released compared with that of virus infected cells. Figures 3D, E and F show the NP, F and HN protein expression in hPIV-2 infected cells, respectively. keywords: cells; figure; hpiv-2; lectins; virus cache: cord-252142-aqwlcs9g.txt plain text: cord-252142-aqwlcs9g.txt item: #59 of 243 id: cord-252466-usrpodjx author: Yun, Nadezhda E. title: Pathogenesis of Lassa Fever date: 2012-10-09 words: 5673 flesch: 36 summary: Selection of optimally effective plasma for treatment by passive immunization Detection of Lassa virus antinucleoprotein immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies by a simple recombinant immunoblot assay for field use Baculovirus expression of the glycoprotein gene of Lassa virus and characterization of the recombinant protein Identification of Lassa fever virus infection with recombinant nucleocapsid protein antigen Antibodies to Lassa virus Z protein and nucleoprotein co-occur in human sera from Lassa fever endemic regions Antigenic relatedness between arenaviruses defined at the epitope level by monoclonal antibodies Epitope mapping of the Lassa virus nucleoprotein using monoclonal anti-nucleocapsid antibodies Characteristics of monoclonal antibodies against Lassa virus Early and strong immune responses are associated with control of viral replication and recovery in Lassa virus-infected cynomolgus monkeys Characterization of human CD4+ T-cell clones recognizing conserved and variable epitopes of the Lassa virus nucleoprotein Old and New World arenaviruses share a highly conserved epitope in the fusion domain of the glycoprotein 2, which is recognized by Lassa virusspecific human CD4+ T-cell clones Lassa virus lethality for inbred mice Biology and pathogenesis of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection Pathogenesis of Lassa virus infection in guinea pigs Endemic Lassa fever in Liberia. A study of 23 hospital cases An outbreak of Lassa fever on the Jos Plateau Surveillance of Lassa fever in missionaries stationed in West Africa Imported Lassa fever in Germany: molecular characterization of a new Lassa virus strain Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission; Childs Detection of Lassa virus Lassa Fever Fact Sheet Casecontrol study of Mastomys natalensis and humans in Lassa virus-infected households in Sierra Leone Review of cases of nosocomial Lassa fever in Nigeria: the high price of poor medical practice No evidence for increased risk of Lassa fever infection in hospital staff Effect of environmental factors on aerosolinduced lassa virus infection Experimental studies of arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers Lassa virus isolation from Mastomys natalensis rodents during an epidemic in Sierra Leone Comparative pathology of Lassa virus infection in monkeys, guinea pigs, and Mastomys natalensis A case-control study of the clinical diagnosis and course of Lassa fever Pathologic and virologic study of fatal Lassa fever in man Acute sensorineural deafness in Lassa fever Clinical virology of Lassa fever in hospitalized patients Early diagnosis of Lassa fever by reverse transcription-PCR Evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of Lassa virus infection T celldependence of Lassa fever pathogenesis The pathology of Lassa fever: A tribute to the late Dr Lassa virus hepatitis: a study of fatal Lassa fever in humans The pathology of human Lassa fever Hematologic dysfunction in Lassa fever Monitoring of clinical and laboratory data in two cases of imported Lassa fever Low levels of interleukin-8 and interferon-inducible protein-10 in serum are associated with fatal infections in acute Lassa fever Lassa and Mopeia virus replication in human monocytes/macrophages and in endothelial cells: Different effects on IL-8 and TNF-α gene expression Cutting edge: impairment of dendritic cells and adaptive immunity by Ebola and Lassa viruses Lassa virus infection of human dendritic cells and macrophages is productive but fails to activate cells Human dendritic cells infected with the nonpathogenic Mopeia virus induce stronger T-cell responses than those infected with Lassa virus Endemic Lassa fever in Liberia. keywords: animals; cells; disease; fever; human; infection; lassa; lasv; necrosis; patients; protein; replication; rna; virus cache: cord-252466-usrpodjx.txt plain text: cord-252466-usrpodjx.txt item: #60 of 243 id: cord-253282-zwl0safn author: Plant, Ewan P. title: Altering SARS Coronavirus Frameshift Efficiency Affects Genomic and Subgenomic RNA Production date: 2013-01-18 words: 5023 flesch: 52 summary: In an effort to further our understanding of how the SARS frameshift signal functions we performed deletion and mutagenesis studies an analyzed the effects on frameshifting efficiency, RNA structure and viral RNA production. The observed effects in vivo should therefore reflect changes related to RNA structure within the frameshifting signal, rather than changes in the function of the encoded proteins. keywords: coronavirus; efficiency; frameshifting; genomic; loop; pseudoknot; rna; sequence; stem; structure cache: cord-253282-zwl0safn.txt plain text: cord-253282-zwl0safn.txt item: #61 of 243 id: cord-253629-5aofwe1w author: Bulow, Uriel title: Acidic pH Triggers Lipid Mixing Mediated by Lassa Virus GP date: 2020-07-02 words: 7513 flesch: 49 summary: Kinetic control of protein function Viral membrane fusion X-ray structure of the arenavirus glycoprotein GP2 in its postfusion hairpin conformation Identification of an N-terminal trimeric coiled-coil core within arenavirus glycoprotein 2 permits assignment to class I viral fusion proteins Variations in core packing of GP2 from old world mammarenaviruses in their post-fusion conformations affect membrane-fusion efficiencies Lamp1 increases the efficiency of Lassa virus Infection by promoting fusion in less acidic endosomal compartments Role of LAMP1 binding and pH sensing by the spike Complex of Lassa virus Biochemical reconstitution of hemorrhagic-fever arenavirus envelope glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion Mechanism of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus entry into cells Early events in arenavirus replication are sensitive to lysosomotropic compounds Different mechanisms of cell entry by human-pathogenic Old World and New World arenaviruses Cell entry by human pathogenic arenaviruses Characterization of Lassa virus cell entry and neutralization with Lassa virus pseudoparticles Amino acids from both N-terminal hydrophobic regions of the Lassa virus envelope glycoprotein GP-2 are critical for pH-dependent membrane fusion and infectivity Acidic pH triggers LCMV membrane fusion activity and conformational change in the glycoprotein spike Direct visualization of the conformational dynamics of single influenza hemagglutinin trimers Generation of VSV pseudotypes using recombinant ∆G-VSV for studies on virus entry, identification of entry inhibitors, and immune responses to vaccines Most neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies target novel epitopes requiring both Lassa virus glycoprotein subunits Single-particle kinetics of influenza virus membrane fusion Stability of infectious influenza A viruses to treatment at low pH and heating Vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccines against Lassa and Ebola viruses Receptor binding and membrane fusion in virus entry: The influenza hemagglutinin Influenza-virus membrane fusion by cooperative fold-back of stochastically induced hemagglutinin intermediates Influenza virus-membrane fusion triggered by proton uncaging for single particle studies of fusion kinetics Sequential conformational rearrangements in flavivirus membrane fusion Single particle assay of coronavirus membrane fusion with proteinaceous receptor-embedded supported bilayers Mechanism of membrane fusion induced by vesicular stomatitis virus G protein Endosome maturation Influenza hemagglutinin is spring-loaded by a metastable native conformation Conformational changes in the Ebola virus membrane fusion machine induced by pH, Ca 2+ , and receptor binding We wish to thank Melinda Brindley, Peter Kwong, John Coffin, and Juha Huiskonen for kindly providing plasmids for the expression of LASV GP, IAV HA, ALV Env, and LAMP1, respectively. In summary, the timing of lipid mixing occurred in a pH-dependent manner, with the kinetics decreasing with increasing pH. The number of rate-determining steps was not sensitive to pH. with a VSV core, inactive HA0, and LASV GP, hemifusing to a planar lipid bilayer supported by a quartz microscope slide within a microfluidic chamber. keywords: bilayer; binding; fluorescence; fusion; lamp1; lipid; lipid mixing; mixing; virus cache: cord-253629-5aofwe1w.txt plain text: cord-253629-5aofwe1w.txt item: #62 of 243 id: cord-254181-nquozaxt author: Sieg, Michael title: A New Genotype of Feline Morbillivirus Infects Primary Cells of the Lung, Kidney, Brain and Peripheral Blood date: 2019-02-09 words: 8627 flesch: 47 summary: We initially investigated primary cells from the urinary tract and successfully established a method for the preparation and cultivation of feline To elucidate the target tissues of FeMV-GT2 we established protocols for the isolation of primary feline cells from various organs of cats (see Section 2.2). In contrast, CD8 + T-cells were less susceptible to FeMV-GT2 ( Figure 6B ) with percentages of virus positive cells varying between 2-5%. keywords: cats; cells; experiments; feline; femv; figure; gordon; gt2; infection; kidney; llc; mk2; morbillivirus; samples; virus cache: cord-254181-nquozaxt.txt plain text: cord-254181-nquozaxt.txt item: #63 of 243 id: cord-254250-l0v602x9 author: Hooper, Chantelle title: A Novel RNA Virus, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Golda Virus (MrGV), Linked to Mass Mortalities of the Larval Giant Freshwater Prawn in Bangladesh date: 2020-10-02 words: 6445 flesch: 44 summary: Global scale of freshwater prawn farming A review on the diseases of freshwater prawns with special focus on white tail disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Current status and prospects of farming the giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) in Bangladesh Shrimp Research Station Mass larval mortality in a giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii hatchery: An attempt to detect microbes in the berried and larvae Fishing for prawn larvae in Bangladesh: An important coastal livelihood causing negative effects on the environment Distinctive histopathology of Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection in the giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii A viral disease associated with mortalities in hatchery-reared postlarvae of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii Extra small virus-like particles (XSV) and nodavirus associated with whitish muscle disease in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii White tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Thailand Experimental transmission and tissue tropism of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and its associated extra small virus (XSV) RT-PCR amplification and sequence analysis of extra small virus associated with white tail disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) cultured in Taiwan Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus infection in a giant freshwater prawn hatchery in Indonesia Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Dicistrovirus Associated with Moralities of the Great Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) infections in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Description of a Natural Infection with Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 in Farmed Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Parvo-like virus in the hepatopancreas of freshwater prawns Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivated in Thailand Tolerance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii to white spot syndrome virus Clearance of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and immunological changes in experimentally WSSV-injected Macrobrachium rosenbergii In experimental challenge with infectious clones of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV), MrNV alone can cause mortality in freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Characterization and pathogenicity studies of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from diseased freshwater prawn A Wrapper Tool around Cutadapt and FastQC to Consistently Apply Quality and Adapter Trimming to FastQ Files A Quality Control Tool for High Throughput Sequence Data Assembling Genomes and Mini-metagenomes from Highly Chimeric Reads Accurate de novo assembly of RNA virus genomes Fast and sensitive protein alignment using DIAMOND MEGAN Community Edition-Interactive Exploration and Analysis of Large-Scale Microbiome Sequencing Data Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform Genome Project Data Processing The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools Integrative genomics viewer Evaluating next-generation sequencing alignment data Prokka: Rapid prokaryotic genome annotation GeneMarkS: A self-training method for prediction of gene starts in microbial genomes. Furthermore, RNA viruses can only be visualised indirectly in histology sections (normally associated with damaged host cells and nuclei). keywords: bangladesh; disease; genome; hatcheries; hatchery; larvae; macrobrachium; mortalities; mrgv; prawn; protein; rna; rosenbergii; virus cache: cord-254250-l0v602x9.txt plain text: cord-254250-l0v602x9.txt item: #64 of 243 id: cord-254596-wsmnlnlk author: Grädel, Carole title: Whole-Genome Sequencing of Human Enteroviruses from Clinical Samples by Nanopore Direct RNA Sequencing date: 2020-07-31 words: 6917 flesch: 45 summary: key: cord-254596-wsmnlnlk authors: Grädel, Carole; Terrazos Miani, Miguel A.; Baumann, Christian; Barbani, Maria Teresa; Neuenschwander, Stefan; Leib, Stephen L.; Suter-Riniker, Franziska; Ramette, Alban title: Whole-Genome Sequencing of Human Enteroviruses from Clinical Samples by Nanopore Direct RNA Sequencing date: 2020-07-31 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v12080841 sha: doc_id: 254596 cord_uid: wsmnlnlk Enteroviruses are small RNA viruses that affect millions of people each year by causing an important burden of disease with a broad spectrum of symptoms. More than 98% of basecalled RNA reads (9065 reads) were taxonomically classified using BLASTN against the NCBI's nucleotide (nt) database. keywords: cdna; drs; enterovirus; genome; illumina; min; nanopore; reads; rna; samples; sequences; sequencing; total cache: cord-254596-wsmnlnlk.txt plain text: cord-254596-wsmnlnlk.txt item: #65 of 243 id: cord-255607-dbexsugq author: Wu, Yang title: Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus nsp15 Antagonizes Interferon Signaling by RNA Degradation of TBK1 and IRF3 date: 2020-05-31 words: 6424 flesch: 39 summary: Briefly, nuclease reactions contained 4 µg of purified wild-type PEDV nsp15 protein, PEDV nsp15 mutant protein, or GST tag protein as control, and 6 µg TBK1 or IRF3 RNA transcribed and purified in vitro. The number below the red residue indicates its corresponding position at PEDV nsp15 protein, respectively. keywords: activity; cells; expression; ifn; infection; interferon; irf3; nsp15; pedv; porcine; proteins; rna; tbk1; type; virus cache: cord-255607-dbexsugq.txt plain text: cord-255607-dbexsugq.txt item: #66 of 243 id: cord-255683-2eq24jth author: Chen, Weizao title: Cross-Reactive Human IgM-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies that Bind to HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins date: 2010-02-04 words: 5946 flesch: 40 summary: Recognition properties of a panel of human recombinant Fab fragments to the CD4 binding site of gp120 that show differing abilities to neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Broadly crossreactive HIV-1-neutralizing human monoclonal Fab selected for binding to gp120-CD4-CCR5 complexes Human monoclonal antibody 2G12 defines a distinctive neutralization epitope on the gp120 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 A potent cross-clade neutralizing human monoclonal antibody against a novel epitope on gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeted to the membrane-proximal external region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein gp41 Human monoclonal antibodies and engineered antibody domains as HIV-1 entry inhibitors Extensively cross-reactive anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies induced by gp140 immunization Correlation between immunologic responses to a recombinant glycoprotein 120 vaccine and incidence of HIV-1 infection in a phase 3 HIV-1 preventive vaccine trial A clinically relevant HIV-1 subunit vaccine protects rhesus macaques from in vivo passaged simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection Prevention of disease induced by a partially heterologous AIDS virus in rhesus monkeys by using an adjuvanted multicomponent protein vaccine Aiming to induce broadly reactive neutralizing antibody responses with HIV-1 vaccine candidates Antibodies, viruses and vaccines A human monoclonal antibody neutralizes diverse HIV-1 isolates by binding a critical gp41 epitope Molecular analysis of HIV-1 gp120 antibody response using isotype IgM and IgG phage display libraries from a long-term non-progressor HIV-1-infected individual A functional human IgM response to HIV-1 Env after immunization with NYVAC HIV C Intracellular neutralization of HIV transcytosis across tight epithelial barriers by anti-HIV envelope protein dIgA or IgM Human domain antibodies to conserved sterically restricted regions on gp120 as exceptionally potent cross-reactive HIV-1 neutralizers Construction of a large phage-displayed human antibody domain library with a scaffold based on a newly identified highly soluble, stable heavy chain variable domain A group M consensus envelope glycoprotein induces antibodies that neutralize subsets of subtype B and C HIV-1 primary viruses Expression and characterization of a single-chain polypeptide analogue of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120-CD4 receptor complex Improved breadth and potency of an HIV-1-neutralizing human single-chain antibody by random mutagenesis and sequential antigen panning Crystal structure of a neutralizing human IGG against HIV-1: a template for vaccine design Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX to prevent HIV-1 infection in Thailand The antigenic structure of the HIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein Structure of an HIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein in complex with the CD4 receptor and a neutralizing human antibody The ability of an oligomeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope antigen to elicit neutralizing antibodies against primary HIV-1 isolates is improved following partial deletion of the second hypervariable region Immunogenicity and ability of variable loop-deleted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins to elicit neutralizing antibodies Immunogenicity of DNA vaccines expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein with and without deletions in the V1/2 and V3 regions Selective modification of variable loops alters tropism and enhances immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope Influence of N-linked glycans in V4-V5 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein gp160 on induction of a virus-neutralizing humoral response Role of N-linked glycans in a human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein: effects on protein function and the neutralizing antibody response Modified HIV envelope proteins with enhanced binding to neutralizing monoclonal antibodies Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of oligomeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp140 Improved elicitation of neutralizing antibodies against primary human immunodeficiency viruses by soluble stabilized envelope glycoprotein trimers Crosslinked HIV-1 envelope-CD4 receptor complexes elicit broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies in rhesus macaques Purified complexes of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with CD4 and CCR5(CXCR4): production, characterization and immunogenicity Mutagenic stabilization and/or disruption of a CD4-bound state reveals distinct conformations of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein Broadly reactive monoclonal antibodies to multiple HIV-1 subtype and SIVcpz Envelope glycoproteins. Although this approach is being vigorously pursued, none of the immunogens designed has yet efficiently elicited neutralizing antibodies with broad specificity. keywords: antibodies; antibody; binding; chain; envs; figure; gp120; hiv-1; human; infection; neutralizing; virus cache: cord-255683-2eq24jth.txt plain text: cord-255683-2eq24jth.txt item: #67 of 243 id: cord-256370-cz88t29n author: Jansen van Vuren, Petrus title: Isolation of a Novel Fusogenic Orthoreovirus from Eucampsipoda africana Bat Flies in South Africa date: 2016-02-29 words: 5541 flesch: 43 summary: 1 63.0 54.3 53.9 63.1 63.8 63.3 63.6 64.7 MAHLV replicated efficiently in Vero cell culture, with the inoculum containing a high dose of virus (10 5 TCID 50 /mL) leading to rapid monolayer destruction after inoculation, with a peak in virus RNA (measured by real-time RT-PCR) by day 7, followed by a decrease on day 13. The ectoparasite pool homogenate used for virus isolation was used as DNA source for phylogenetic confirmation of species. keywords: acid; amino; bat; bats; cells; culture; isolation; mahlv; orthoreovirus; protein; sequence; species; vero; virus; viruses cache: cord-256370-cz88t29n.txt plain text: cord-256370-cz88t29n.txt item: #68 of 243 id: cord-256713-tlluxd11 author: Welch, David title: Is Network Clustering Detectable in Transmission Trees? date: 2011-06-03 words: 5843 flesch: 52 summary: The implications of network structure for epidemic dynamics Percolation and Epidemic Thresholds in Clustered Networks Spread of infectious disease through clustered populations Percolation and epidemics in random clustered networks The impact of network clustering and assortativity on epidemic behaviour. There is no suggestion that these results will apply to clustered networks outside of this specific type of network or that they apply when degree distributions are held constant. keywords: clustering; degree; epidemic; networks; nodes; outbreak; transmission cache: cord-256713-tlluxd11.txt plain text: cord-256713-tlluxd11.txt item: #69 of 243 id: cord-256924-c7ftvgio author: Mackay, Ian M. title: Co-circulation of Four Human Coronaviruses (HCoVs) in Queensland Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Illnesses in 2004 date: 2012-04-23 words: 4416 flesch: 42 summary: Positive specimens were used to develop novel reverse transcriptase real-time PCRs (RT-rtPCRs) for HCoV detection. HCoV detection peaked in late winter (August in the southern hemisphere) when sample numbers were lowest ( Figure 1 ). keywords: coronavirus; detections; hcov; hku1; human; oc43; patients; study cache: cord-256924-c7ftvgio.txt plain text: cord-256924-c7ftvgio.txt item: #70 of 243 id: cord-257052-cik2wmlk author: Ban, Junsu title: Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus NS 1 Targets TRIM25 to Suppress RIG-I Ubiquitination and Subsequent RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Signaling date: 2018-12-14 words: 3925 flesch: 38 summary: These results suggest that RSV NS1 expression diminishes the interaction between RIG-I and MAVS by interfering with TRIM25-mediated RIG-I ubiquitination. RSV NS1 and NS2 have been shown to interfere with RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling. keywords: interaction; interferon; ns1; rig; rsv; trim25; ubiquitination cache: cord-257052-cik2wmlk.txt plain text: cord-257052-cik2wmlk.txt item: #71 of 243 id: cord-257539-01s21vh0 author: Delvecchio, Rodrigo title: Chloroquine, an Endocytosis Blocking Agent, Inhibits Zika Virus Infection in Different Cell Models date: 2016-11-29 words: 5676 flesch: 47 summary: A case study Zika virus impairs growth in human neurospheres and brain organoids Zika Virus Infects Human Cortical Neural Progenitors and Attenuates Their Growth Zika virus outbreak on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia Zika virus infection experimentally induced in a human volunteer Guillain-Barré Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: A case-control study Leparc-Goffart, I. Evidence of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus Male-to-Male Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus -Texas Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy Pregnancy Outcome Following First Trimester Exposure to Chloroquine Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus infectivity by chloroquine In vitro inhibition of human influenza We demonstrate that chloroquine reduces the number of ZIKV-infected cells in vitro, and inhibits virus production and cell death promoted by ZIKV infection without cytotoxic effects. keywords: cells; chloroquine; figure; gibco; infection; mr766; neurospheres; post; replication; vero; virus; zika; zikv cache: cord-257539-01s21vh0.txt plain text: cord-257539-01s21vh0.txt item: #72 of 243 id: cord-257665-12gyrmh2 author: Liu, Shan-Lu title: Emerging Viruses without Borders: The Wuhan Coronavirus date: 2020-01-22 words: 790 flesch: 48 summary: key: cord-257665-12gyrmh2 authors: Liu, Shan-Lu; Saif, Linda title: Emerging Viruses without Borders: The Wuhan Coronavirus date: 2020-01-22 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v12020130 sha: doc_id: 257665 cord_uid: 12gyrmh2 The recently emerged coronavirus in Wuhan, China has claimed at least six lives as of January 22 and infected hundreds if not thousands of individuals. We anticipate that scientific data and reagents will be shared publicly and fairly, and most importantly, that the scientific collaborations between the US and China, including the study of emerging viruses and infectious diseases, will continue unabated despite some turmoil in other aspects of the US-China relationship. keywords: coronavirus; virus cache: cord-257665-12gyrmh2.txt plain text: cord-257665-12gyrmh2.txt item: #73 of 243 id: cord-257913-uf9sx5qi author: Dijkman, Ronald title: Seroconversion to HCoV-NL63 in Rhesus Macaques date: 2009-10-30 words: 2805 flesch: 51 summary: Identification of a new human coronavirus New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia Human coronavirus NL63 infection in Canada Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong Detection of human coronavirus NL63 in young children with bronchiolitis A novel pancoronavirus RT-PCR assay: frequent detection of human coronavirus NL63 in children hospitalized with respiratory tract infections in Belgium Detection of human coronavirus-NL63 in children in Japan Human coronavirus NL63 and 229E seroconversion in children Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 Plaque assay for human coronavirus NL63 using human colon carcinoma cells Systematic assembly of a full-length infectious clone of human coronavirus NL63 Identification of cell lines permissive for human coronavirus NL63 The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Natural transmission of smallpox from man to performing monkeys. keywords: hcov; human; infection; macaques; nl63; rhesus cache: cord-257913-uf9sx5qi.txt plain text: cord-257913-uf9sx5qi.txt item: #74 of 243 id: cord-258323-vdeffy4l author: Jiang, Yuting title: Complement Receptor C5aR1 Inhibition Reduces Pyroptosis in hDPP4-Transgenic Mice Infected with MERS-CoV date: 2019-01-09 words: 4790 flesch: 44 summary: Although there was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to pro-IL-1β mRNA expression ( Figure 5B ), serum levels of IL-1β were lower in the anti-C5aR1 Ab-treated group than in the PBS-treated group at Day 1 ( Figure 5C ) and Although there was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to pro-IL-1β mRNA expression ( Figure 5B ), serum levels of IL-1β were lower in the anti-C5aR1 Ab-treated group than in the PBS-treated group at Day 1 ( Figure 5C ) and keywords: c5ar1; caspase-1; cov; cov infection; expression; figure; il-1β; infection; mers; mice cache: cord-258323-vdeffy4l.txt plain text: cord-258323-vdeffy4l.txt item: #75 of 243 id: cord-258536-qnn9hp8e author: Cong, Yingying title: The Interaction between Nidovirales and Autophagy Components date: 2017-07-11 words: 6601 flesch: 40 summary: Furthermore, while autophagy might be induced during infection or transient expression of single viral proteins [65, 88] , there is currently no evidence that this is directly regulated by beta-CoV. Indeed, autophagy stimulation could be part of a cellular response caused by either the presence of toxic exogenous proteins or ER stress induced by the massive production of viral proteins [89] syndrome virus replication Role of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathways in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication Autophagy sustains the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory virus in host cells Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces autophagy to promote virus replication Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Thymi of Infected Piglets Interplay of autophagy and apoptosis during PRRSV infection of Marc145 cell Open reading frame 1a-encoded subunits of the arterivirus replicase induce endoplasmic reticulum-derived double-membrane vesicles which carry the viral replication complex Autophagy postpones apoptotic cell death in PRRSV infection through Bad-Beclin1 interaction Coronavirus replication complex formation utilizes components of cellular autophagy Coronavirus replication does not require the autophagy gene ATG5 Coronaviruses Hijack the LC3-I-positive EDEMosomes, ER-derived vesicles exporting short-lived ERAD regulators, for replication An autophagy-independent role for LC3 in equine arteritis virus replication Clinical consequences of exposing pregnant gilts to strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus isolated from field cases of atypical Complete genome analysis of RFLP 184 isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Equine arteritis virus: A review of clinical features and management aspects Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus: A comprehensive review of molecular epidemiology, diagnosis, and vaccines Human coronavirus NL63, a new respiratory virus Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63 Analysis of protein expression changes of the Vero E6 cells infected with classic PEDV strain CV777 by using quantitative proteomic technique Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Induces Autophagy to Benefit Its Replication Mitophagy in TGEV infection counteracts oxidative stress and apoptosis RNA replication of mouse hepatitis virus takes place at double-membrane vesicles Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex SARS-coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesicular network of modified endoplasmic reticulum Localization and membrane topology of coronavirus nonstructural protein 4: Involvement of the early secretory pathway in replication Integrity of the early secretory pathway promotes, but is not required for, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA synthesis and virus-induced remodeling of endoplasmic reticulum membranes Disposal of cargo and of ERAD regulators from the mammalian ER Discovery of Atg5/Atg7-independent alternative macroautophagy Coronavirus nsp6 proteins generate autophagosomes from the endoplasmic reticulum via an omegasome intermediate Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers autophagy keywords: atg; autophagy; cells; complex; cov; formation; lc3; membrane; proteins; prrsv; replication; step; virus cache: cord-258536-qnn9hp8e.txt plain text: cord-258536-qnn9hp8e.txt item: #76 of 243 id: cord-258684-lq4knxgf author: Takano, Tomomi title: Antiviral Effects of Hydroxychloroquine and Type I Interferon on In Vitro Fatal Feline Coronavirus Infection date: 2020-05-24 words: 3716 flesch: 56 summary: Based on this knowledge and our current study, type II FIPV may show less effect on the antiviral activity of HCQ and type I IFN, compared to type I FIPV. We investigated whether HCQ in association with interferon-ω (IFN-ω) is effective for FIPV in vitro. keywords: cells; fipv; hcq; rfifn; type cache: cord-258684-lq4knxgf.txt plain text: cord-258684-lq4knxgf.txt item: #77 of 243 id: cord-259237-aty0vrat author: Frabutt, Dylan A. title: Arms Race between Enveloped Viruses and the Host ERAD Machinery date: 2016-09-19 words: 9844 flesch: 38 summary: Transmembrane control of HRD1P by HRD3P Association of the SEL1L protein transmembrane domain with HRD1 ubiquitin ligase regulates ERAD-L Usa1 functions as a scaffold of the HRD-ubiquitin ligase The ubiquitin-domain protein HERP forms a complex with components of the endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation pathway Membrane topology of the yeast endoplasmic reticulum-localized ubiquitin ligase Doa10 and comparison with its human ortholog TEB4 (MARCH-IV) Ube2j2 ubiquitinates hydroxylated amino acids on ER-associated degradation substrates HRD1 and UBE2J1 target misfolded MHC class I heavy chains for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation Distinct ubiquitin-ligase complexes define convergent pathways for the degradation of ER proteins The yeast ERAD-C ubiquitin ligase Doa10 recognizes an intramembrane degron Htm1p, a mannosidase-like protein, is involved in glycoprotein degradation in yeast IRE1 then activates the transcription factor X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP-1), which in turn up-regulates ER chaperones to assist in the folding capacity of the ER as well as ERAD components to boost protein degradation. keywords: associated; cell; complex; control; degradation; endoplasmic; envelope; erad; ermani; expression; folding; glycoproteins; man; membrane; pathway; protein; quality; reticulum; stress; virus; viruses cache: cord-259237-aty0vrat.txt plain text: cord-259237-aty0vrat.txt item: #78 of 243 id: cord-259273-bh5csogu author: Fathima, Sumana title: Use of an Innovative Web-Based Laboratory Surveillance Platform to Analyze Mixed Infections Between Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) and Other Respiratory Viruses Circulating in Alberta (AB), Canada (2009–2012) date: 2012-11-05 words: 3240 flesch: 41 summary: A Platform for real-time Laboratory Surveillance Diagnosis and epidemiological studies of human metapneumovirus using real-time PCR Human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalized children Detection and quantification of human metapneumovirus in pediatric specimens by real-time RT-PCR Comparison of human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children Viral etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children in Northern Taiwan Prevalence and clinical and molecular characterization of human metapneumovirus in children with acute respiratory infection in China Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children Rate and influence of respiratory virus co-infection on pandemic (H1N1) influenza disease The viral etiology of an influenza-like illness during the 2009 pandemic Nonstructural proteins of respiratory syncytial virus suppress premature apoptosis by an NF-kappaB-dependent, interferon-independent mechanism and facilitate virus growth Suppression of the induction of alpha, beta, and lambda interferons by the NS1 and NS2 proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus in human epithelial cells and macrophages Respiratory infections by HMPV and RSV are clinically indistinguishable but induce different host response in aged individuals Correlation of viral load of respiratory pathogens and co-infections with disease severity in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection Human metapneumovirus: a new player among respiratory viruses Seasonality and clinical features of human metapneumovirus infection in children in Northern Alberta Human metapneumovirus infection in the Canadian population Newly discovered respiratory viruses: significance and implications The virus was identified by researchers in the Netherlands in 2001 as an important cause of respiratory infections that affect all age groups [2] . keywords: erv; hmpv; infection; influenza; specimens; virus cache: cord-259273-bh5csogu.txt plain text: cord-259273-bh5csogu.txt item: #79 of 243 id: cord-259658-rgrt6e6r author: Yan, Bingpeng title: Characterization of the Lipidomic Profile of Human Coronavirus-Infected Cells: Implications for Lipid Metabolism Remodeling upon Coronavirus Replication date: 2019-01-16 words: 5312 flesch: 34 summary: To investigate how coronavirus perturbs host lipid metabolism, we performed lipidomics analysis on HCoV-229E-infected Huh7 cells and compared the results with those of the mock-infected cells. Interestingly, exogenous supplement of LA or AA in HCoV-229E-infected cells significantly suppressed HCoV-229E virus replication. keywords: analysis; cells; coronavirus; figure; hcov-229e; human; infection; lipid; metabolism; pathway; replication cache: cord-259658-rgrt6e6r.txt plain text: cord-259658-rgrt6e6r.txt item: #80 of 243 id: cord-259916-gr6v098c author: Wang, Hongliang title: Mechanisms of Cellular Membrane Reorganization to Support Hepatitis C Virus Replication date: 2016-05-20 words: 6205 flesch: 28 summary: In addition, as DRMs are important platforms for cellular membrane trafficking and signal transduction [27, 28] , it is conceivable that this property of HCV replication membranes may also regulate signal transduction and membrane trafficking at viral replication sites. These findings suggest a model in which PI4P recruits LTPs such as OSBP and FAPP2 to HCV replication organelles, which in turn result in the trafficking of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids to HCV replication membranes. keywords: dmvs; formation; hcv; hepatitis; membrane; ns5a; protein; replication; rna; viral; virus cache: cord-259916-gr6v098c.txt plain text: cord-259916-gr6v098c.txt item: #81 of 243 id: cord-260431-eksl7pp8 author: Sun, Heting title: Isolation and Identification of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1 from a South China Tiger in China date: 2014-02-28 words: 2526 flesch: 47 summary: Challenged cats exhibited uniform clinical symptoms and shed FHV-1 virus. Our finding extends the host range of FHV-1 and has implications for FHV-1 infection and South China tiger conservation. keywords: cats; china; feline; fhv-1; pcr; tiger; virus cache: cord-260431-eksl7pp8.txt plain text: cord-260431-eksl7pp8.txt item: #82 of 243 id: cord-260476-whfyczcj author: Seissler, Tanja title: Hijacking of the Ubiquitin/Proteasome Pathway by the HIV Auxiliary Proteins date: 2017-10-31 words: 9536 flesch: 39 summary: Vpr induces the degradation of the UNG and SMUG uracil-DNA glycosylases The HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr induces the degradation of the anti-HIV-1 agent APOBEC3G through a VprBP-mediated proteasomal pathway The HIV-1 protein Vpr targets the endoribonuclease Dicer for proteasomal degradation to boost macrophage infection HIV-1 Vpr degrades the HLTF DNA translocase in T cells and macrophages HIV-1 Vpr protein Enhances proteasomal degradation of MCM10 DNA replication factor through the Cul4-DDB1[VprBP] E3 ubiquitin ligase to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest HIV-1 Vpr induces the degradation of ZIP and sZIP, adaptors of the NuRD chromatin remodeling complex, by hijacking DCAF1/VprBP HIV-1 Vpr protein induces proteasomal degradation of chromatin-associated class I HDACs to overcome latent infection of macrophages The ubiquitin-proteasome system in HIV replication: Potential targets for antiretroviral therapy Inhibition of Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 and Vpr-mediated host helicase transcription factor degradation by selective disruption of viral CRL4 (DCAF1) E3 ubiquitin ligase assembly On the one hand, the UPS can be used by the cell to degrade viral proteins, thereby restricting the viral infection. keywords: cell; degradation; factor; figure; hiv; ligase; proteasome; protein; restriction; samhd1; trim5α; ubiquitin; ups; vif; vpu cache: cord-260476-whfyczcj.txt plain text: cord-260476-whfyczcj.txt item: #83 of 243 id: cord-260705-huyyw5z6 author: Moshe, Adi title: Virus-Induced Aggregates in Infected Cells date: 2012-10-17 words: 5070 flesch: 35 summary: The role of aggregation in the context of a specific virus is often poorly understood, especially in the case of plant viruses. The same statement could be applied for virus-induced aggregation even though analogy between virus aggregates, JUNQ and/or IPOD has not been demonstrated. keywords: aggregates; bodies; cells; factories; infection; nuclear; plant; proteins; replication; rna; virus; viruses cache: cord-260705-huyyw5z6.txt plain text: cord-260705-huyyw5z6.txt item: #84 of 243 id: cord-261417-4pf5nsw2 author: Harwig, Alex title: The Battle of RNA Synthesis: Virus versus Host date: 2017-10-21 words: 7878 flesch: 47 summary: For this reason, RNA viruses have evolved capping mechanisms that are different from capping during cellular transcription. Genetic conflicts: The usual suspects and beyond Paleovirology-Modern consequences of ancient viruses Co-option of an endogenous retrovirus envelope for host defense in hominid ancestors Evolutionary genomics of nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses Viral-encoded enzymes that target host chromatin functions Retroviral micrornas Mechanisms of HIV-1 control Virus meets host microrna: The destroyer, the booster, the hijacker DNA-binding specificities of human transcription factors Sensing of RNA viruses: A review of innate immune receptors involved in recognizing RNA virus invasion Rna function. keywords: binding; dna; elongation; end; figure; host; initiation; mrna; polymerase; promoter; protein; rna; rnapii; synthesis; transcription; virus; viruses cache: cord-261417-4pf5nsw2.txt plain text: cord-261417-4pf5nsw2.txt item: #85 of 243 id: cord-262434-q4tk96tq author: Baker, Kate S. title: Poxviruses in Bats … so What? date: 2014-04-03 words: 3332 flesch: 32 summary: [40] [41] [42] and there is currently insufficient evidence available to determine what the zoonotic potential of bat poxviruses might be on this spectrum. However, given that no bat poxviruses identified to date are orthopoxviruses, and the little information available, it is clear that much more detail is needed before the potential threat of bat poxviruses to man can be commented on. keywords: bats; host; infections; novel; potential; poxviruses; range; species; zoonotic cache: cord-262434-q4tk96tq.txt plain text: cord-262434-q4tk96tq.txt item: #86 of 243 id: cord-262499-68vmdqky author: Bordi, Licia title: Frequency and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Oral Fluid Samples Assessed by a Modified Commercial Rapid Molecular Assay date: 2020-10-20 words: 5043 flesch: 40 summary: Parallel testing of 337 OF and NPS samples showed highly concordant results (κ = 0.831; 95 % CI = 0.771–0.891), and high correlation of Ct values (r = 0.921; p < 0.0001). Prolonged viral RNA shedding was observed up to 100 days from symptoms onset (DSO), with 32% and 29% positivity observed in OF and NPS samples, respectively, collected between 60 and 100 DSO. keywords: cov-2; covid-19; nps; samples; sars; values cache: cord-262499-68vmdqky.txt plain text: cord-262499-68vmdqky.txt item: #87 of 243 id: cord-263142-o8qbqxhx author: Cavalcante, Liliane T. F. title: Clinical and Molecular Features of Feline Foamy Virus and Feline Leukemia Virus Co-Infection in Naturally-Infected Cats date: 2018-12-11 words: 9139 flesch: 47 summary: Moreover, FeLV regressive cats with undetectable antigenemia, but that are immune to vaccination, are often equivocally vaccinated [59] . Moreover, FeLV regressive cats with undetectable antigenemia, but that are immune to vaccination, are often equivocally vaccinated [59] . keywords: cats; cell; copies; feline; felv; ffv; fiv; infection; pbmc; pcr; pvl; pvls; study; virus cache: cord-263142-o8qbqxhx.txt plain text: cord-263142-o8qbqxhx.txt item: #88 of 243 id: cord-263200-ntq1f4ix author: Mao, He-Ting title: HACE1 Negatively Regulates Virus-Triggered Type I IFN Signaling by Impeding the Formation of the MAVS-TRAF3 Complex date: 2016-05-21 words: 4474 flesch: 49 summary: Knockdown of HACE1 expression exhibited the opposite effects. Compared to control cells, knockdown of HACE1 expression augmented SeV-induced IFNB1 gene transcription ( Figure 2B ) and inhibited VSV replication ( Figure 2C ). keywords: complex; figure; hace1; ifn; ligase; mavs; signaling; traf3; virus cache: cord-263200-ntq1f4ix.txt plain text: cord-263200-ntq1f4ix.txt item: #89 of 243 id: cord-263315-g7os15m1 author: Martins-da-Silva, Andrea title: Identification of Secreted Proteins Involved in Nonspecific dsRNA-Mediated Lutzomyia longipalpis LL5 Cell Antiviral Response date: 2018-01-18 words: 7015 flesch: 41 summary: When mRNA levels changed at 12 or 24 h post transfection (either by up-or down-regulation), we detected a corresponding change in secreted protein levels 12 or 24 h after the mRNA level changes. Based on the data presented in Figure 3A , we observed that in the majority of the molecules (six out of seven) there was a correlated change of secreted protein levels 12 h to 24 h after changes in mRNA levels. keywords: antiviral; cells; change; dsrna; expression; factor; fold; infection; insect; interferon; levels; ll5; mrna; non; protein; response; secretion; transfection; virus cache: cord-263315-g7os15m1.txt plain text: cord-263315-g7os15m1.txt item: #90 of 243 id: cord-263699-gosqpg3k author: Martínez, José L. title: Role of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor GBF1 in the Replication of RNA Viruses date: 2020-06-24 words: 12360 flesch: 36 summary: GBF1 has been shown not only to facilitate the intracellular traffic of different viral and cellular elements during infection, but also to modulate the replication of viral RNA, the formation and maturation of viral replication complexes, and the processing of viral proteins through mechanisms that do not depend on its canonical role in intracellular transport. Besides its role in regulating the transport of viral proteins to the plasma membrane, it has been shown that GBF1 interacts specifically with the protein M2 [74] . keywords: activity; arf1; bfa; copi; factor; gbf1; golgi; membrane; proteins; replication; rna; rna replication; role; transport; vesicle; virus; virus replication; viruses cache: cord-263699-gosqpg3k.txt plain text: cord-263699-gosqpg3k.txt item: #91 of 243 id: cord-264526-bxpzo2xu author: Aydin, Malik title: House Dust Mite Exposure Causes Increased Susceptibility of Nasal Epithelial Cells to Adenovirus Infection date: 2020-10-11 words: 5039 flesch: 42 summary: For AdV cell entry, several cellular receptors have been described, including the coxsackie andadenovirus receptor (CAR), CD46, sialic acid, desmoglein-2 (DSG-2), and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) During the nasal brushing procedure, we collected the cells in cell culture medium, centrifuged at 350x g for 8 min, and washed with PBS. keywords: adv; adv5; asthma; cells; expression; figure; hdm; infection; luciferase; naepcs; study; transduction; virus cache: cord-264526-bxpzo2xu.txt plain text: cord-264526-bxpzo2xu.txt item: #92 of 243 id: cord-265679-7gzont7l author: Guo, Nan title: Caerin1.1 Suppresses the Growth of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro via Direct Binding to the Virus date: 2018-09-18 words: 5268 flesch: 46 summary: The number of virus infecting cells did not diminish. To better understand the inhibitory effects of Caerin1.1 against the progeny virus production of PEDV, we added Caerin1.1 at 1 hpi to PEDV infected cells. keywords: caerin1.1; cells; control; figure; group; infection; pedv; results; virus cache: cord-265679-7gzont7l.txt plain text: cord-265679-7gzont7l.txt item: #93 of 243 id: cord-266901-oyevbxtc author: Su, Airong title: Opposite Roles of RNase and Kinase Activities of Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1 (IRE1) on HSV-1 Replication date: 2017-08-23 words: 8041 flesch: 42 summary: Previous studies showed that HSV-1 viral proteins, such as ICP0, ICP27, or VP16, were correlated with JNK activation [32, 66, 67] . Viral protein expression was determined by In-cell Western analysis of gD-1 expression as described below. keywords: activation; activity; cells; figure; hsv-1; infection; ire1α; jnk; kinase; protein; replication; rnase; virus; xbp1 cache: cord-266901-oyevbxtc.txt plain text: cord-266901-oyevbxtc.txt item: #94 of 243 id: cord-267012-45tre8rn author: Premanand, Balraj title: Baculovirus Surface Display of Immunogenic Proteins for Vaccine Development date: 2018-05-31 words: 11144 flesch: 27 summary: [41] developed recombinant baculovirus vaccines that showed reduced immune pathological conditions in mice. In a subsequent study, researchers developed recombinant baculovirus vaccines against avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) with the GP64 domains (SP, TM, and CTD). keywords: antibodies; baculovirus; cells; challenge; envelope; expression; gp64; immunity; immunization; infection; influenza; mice; mucosal; protection; protein; responses; study; surface; vaccine cache: cord-267012-45tre8rn.txt plain text: cord-267012-45tre8rn.txt item: #95 of 243 id: cord-267709-i2loz1xb author: Li, Tongya title: Human Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Inhibits IFNα-Induced IFITM1 Expression by Interacting with BAF200 date: 2019-05-09 words: 6955 flesch: 46 summary: However, overexpressed HBc had little observed impact on the recovery of HBV DNA levels, implying that IFITM1 is not the only primary IFNα-inducible ISG that suppresses HBV DNA replication. HBV infection could cause acute and chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to high mortality rates worldwide. keywords: anti; antibodies; assays; baf200; cells; expression; figure; flag; hbc; hbv; hepg2; ifitm1; ifnα cache: cord-267709-i2loz1xb.txt plain text: cord-267709-i2loz1xb.txt item: #96 of 243 id: cord-267733-fuz8r3vj author: Al Ali, Sally title: Use of Reporter Genes in the Generation of Vaccinia Virus-Derived Vectors date: 2016-05-21 words: 7989 flesch: 38 summary: Viruses Poxvirus host cell entry Comparative analysis of viral gene expression programs during poxvirus infection: A transcriptional map of the vaccinia and monkeypox genomes Vaccinia virus morphogenesis and dissemination Vaccinia virus infection & temporal analysis of virus gene expression: Part 1 Exploring vaccinia virus as a tool for large-scale recombinant protein expression Evaluation of production parameters with the vaccinia virus expression system using microcarrier attached HeLa cells Cis-and trans-acting elements involved in reactivation of vaccinia virus early transcription Recombinant vaccines and the development of new vaccine strategies. This reporter gene system has been widely used in transgenic plants, and it has also been successfully used in mammalian cells for VACV recombinant virus selection keywords: cell; expression; gene; genome; insertion; protein; recombinant; reporter; selection; vaccines; vaccinia; vacv; vectors; virus; viruses cache: cord-267733-fuz8r3vj.txt plain text: cord-267733-fuz8r3vj.txt item: #97 of 243 id: cord-268788-jcu3pasy author: Thor, Sharmi W. title: Recombination in Avian Gamma-Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus date: 2011-09-23 words: 4430 flesch: 43 summary: In addition, the only fragments that USA viruses have in common with the viruses from China and Taiwan are fragments also associated with Mass type vaccines, which are used in both regions, providing further evidence that some of the fragments in field viruses come from vaccines. That result and the observation in Figure 1 that the viruses separated into clades based on geographic location also supports the conclusion that USA viruses have not recombined with Asian viruses. keywords: coronavirus; fragments; genome; ibv; mass; recombination; sequence; strains; virus; viruses cache: cord-268788-jcu3pasy.txt plain text: cord-268788-jcu3pasy.txt item: #98 of 243 id: cord-269249-7ubs3q6p author: Paim, Francine C. title: Epidemiology of Deltacoronaviruses (δ-CoV) and Gammacoronaviruses (γ-CoV) in Wild Birds in the United States date: 2019-09-26 words: 4467 flesch: 51 summary: γ-CoVs were detected in 6 different bird species: blue winged teal (Spatula discors) (n = 27), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) (n = 16), American green-winged teal (Anas crecca) (n = 15), northern pintail (Anas acuta) (n = 1), ring-necked duck (Aythya collaris) (n = 1), and American wigeon (Mareca americana) (n = 1), all of which are aquatic bird species, meaning a prevalence of 6.3% in aquatic birds and 0% in terrestrial birds. γ-CoVs were detected in 6 different bird species: blue winged teal (Spatula discors) (n = 27), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) (n = 16), American green-winged teal (Anas crecca) (n = 15), northern pintail (Anas acuta) (n = 1), ring-necked duck (Aythya collaris) (n = 1), and American wigeon (Mareca americana) (n = 1), all of which are aquatic bird species, meaning a prevalence of 6.3% in aquatic birds and 0% in terrestrial birds. keywords: avian; birds; covs; samples; species cache: cord-269249-7ubs3q6p.txt plain text: cord-269249-7ubs3q6p.txt item: #99 of 243 id: cord-270103-g9a72xf6 author: Shin, Hye Jin title: Gemcitabine and Nucleos(t)ide Synthesis Inhibitors Are Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Drugs that Activate Innate Immunity date: 2018-04-20 words: 4095 flesch: 30 summary: Thus, more systematic analyses on the subsets of ISGs induced by antiviral nucleoside analogs are required for the identification of better antiviral drugs that can be used broadly or specifically. In recent years, gemcitabine, a cytidine analog in clinical use for the treatment of many solid tumors, was also shown to have antiviral activity against a broad range of viruses. keywords: activity; analogs; antiviral; biosynthesis; gemcitabine; nucleoside; synthesis; virus; viruses cache: cord-270103-g9a72xf6.txt plain text: cord-270103-g9a72xf6.txt item: #100 of 243 id: cord-270380-1me7ugkg author: Wang, Xiaona title: Cloning, Prokaryotic Soluble Expression, and Analysis of Antiviral Activity of Two Novel Feline IFN-ω Proteins date: 2020-03-19 words: 5965 flesch: 36 summary: Furthermore, the antiviral activity of rfeIFN-ωb was better than that of rfeIFN-ωa in homologous and heterologous animal cells, but especially in homologous animal cells that originated from cats. Furthermore, the antiviral activity of rfeIFN-ωb was better than that of rfeIFN-ωa in homologous and heterologous animal cells, but especially in homologous animal cells that originated from cats. keywords: activity; antiviral; cells; feline; figure; intercat; proteins; rfeifn; vsv cache: cord-270380-1me7ugkg.txt plain text: cord-270380-1me7ugkg.txt item: #101 of 243 id: cord-272010-kc0gi3cj author: Anand, Sai Priya title: Interaction of Human ACE2 to Membrane-Bound SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 S Glycoproteins date: 2020-09-29 words: 3691 flesch: 43 summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Furin Cleavage Site Is Key to SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2 A pH-dependent switch mediates conformational masking of SARS-CoV-2 spike Structures and distributions of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on intact virions Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine Trimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike interacts with dimeric ACE2 with limited intra-Spike avidity SARS-CoV-2 and three related coronaviruses utilize multiple ACE2 orthologs and are potently blocked by an improved ACE2-Ig Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus by recombinant ACE2-Ig The membrane-proximal intracytoplasmic tyrosine residue of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is critical for basolateral targeting of viral budding in MDCK cells Cross-sectional evaluation of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike The Hill equation revisited: Uses and misuses Cooperativity in Binding Processes: New Insights from Phenomenological Modeling Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus Decline of humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in convalescent individuals The D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reduces S1 shedding and increases infectivity Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: Synergy and coverage of escape mutants Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike The sequence of human ACE2 is suboptimal for binding the S spike protein of SARS coronavirus 2 Engineering human ACE2 to optimize binding to the spike protein of SARS coronavirus 2 Controlling the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein conformation Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2 We observed a higher neutralization potency of sACE2 against SARS-CoV-2 S (wt or D614G) when compared to SARS-CoV-1 (Table 1) . keywords: ace2; binding; cells; cov-2; rbd; rbds; receptor; sars; spike; state cache: cord-272010-kc0gi3cj.txt plain text: cord-272010-kc0gi3cj.txt item: #102 of 243 id: cord-272018-txdc0c3j author: Laing, Eric D. title: Enhanced Autophagy Contributes to Reduced Viral Infection in Black Flying Fox Cells date: 2019-03-14 words: 6911 flesch: 41 summary: Although we cannot yet definitively associate autophagy function with host tolerance to ABLV infection in black flying fox cells, ongoing experiments will refine our mechanistic understanding of enhanced basal autophagy and virus-induced autophagy in bat cells, and further characterize the pro-survival role of autophagy during virus infection. Enhancement of basal and virus-induced autophagy in bat cells connects related reports that long-lived species possess homeostatic processes that dampen oxidative stress and macromolecule damage. keywords: ablv; autophagy; cells; figure; flying; fox; fox cells; gfp; human; infection; nbf; protein; replication; virus cache: cord-272018-txdc0c3j.txt plain text: cord-272018-txdc0c3j.txt item: #103 of 243 id: cord-272391-0imlae98 author: Van der Gucht, Winke title: Isolation and Characterization of Clinical RSV Isolates in Belgium during the Winters of 2016–2018 date: 2019-11-06 words: 7493 flesch: 46 summary: No significant differences can, however, be observed in between RSV isolates and controls. Clinical RSV and RSV A2 were diluted to infect the cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01. keywords: ant; cells; differences; figure; hep-2; infection; isolates; rsv; strains; virus cache: cord-272391-0imlae98.txt plain text: cord-272391-0imlae98.txt item: #104 of 243 id: cord-272459-w14finxf author: Heaton, Nicholas S. title: Dengue Virus and Autophagy date: 2011-08-04 words: 3118 flesch: 37 summary: Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy Autophagy: Basic principles and relevance to disease Autophagy: Process and function A comprehensive glossary of autophagyrelated molecules and processes The origin of the autophagosomal membrane The beclin 1-vps34 complex-At the crossroads of autophagy and beyond LC3, a mammalian homologue of yeast Apg8p, is localized in autophagosome membranes after processing Physiological role of autophagy as an intracellular recycling system: With an emphasis on nutrient metabolism Viruses and autophagy MyD88 and Trif target beclin 1 to trigger autophagy in macrophages Toll-like receptors in control of immunological autophagy Multiple regulatory and effector roles of autophagy in immunity Autophagy-dependent viral recognition by plasmacytoid dendritic cells Major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted presentation of a cytosolic antigen by autophagy Autophagy promotes mhc class ii presentation of peptides from intracellular source proteins Antigen-loading compartments for major histocompatibility complex class II molecules continuously receive input from autophagosomes Subversion of the cellular autophagy pathway by viruses Modification of cellular autophagy protein LC3 by poliovirus Potential subversion of autophagosomal pathway by picornaviruses Autophagosome supports coxsackievirus B3 replication in host cells Coronaviruses Hijack the LC3-I-positive edemosomes, ER-derived vesicles exporting short-lived ERAD regulators, for replication Induction of incomplete autophagic response by hepatitis C virus via the unfolded protein response The autophagy machinery is required to initiate hepatitis C virus replication Activation of the unfolded protein response and autophagy after hepatitis c virus infection suppresses innate antiviral immunity in vitro Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever Dengue-Clinical and public health ramifications Dissecting the cell entry pathway of dengue virus by single-particle tracking in living cells Dengue virus ensures its fusion in late endosomes using compartment-specific lipids Recent advances in deciphering viral and host determinants of dengue virus replication and pathogenesis Dengue virus nonstructural protein 3 redistributes fatty acid synthase to sites of viral replication and increases cellular fatty acid synthesis Autophagic machinery activated by dengue virus enhances virus replication A role for autophagolysosomes in dengue virus 3 production in HepG2 cells Co-localization of constituents of the dengue virus translation and replication machinery with amphisomes Flavivirus NS4A-induced autophagy protects cells against death and enhances virus replication Composition and three-dimensional architecture of the dengue virus replication and assembly sites Modification of intracellular membrane structures for virus replication Dikic, I. A role for ubiquitin in selective autophagy Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism Dengue virus-induced autophagy regulates lipid metabolism Multifaceted roles for lipids in viral infection We would like to thank Kristi Berger for critical reading of the manuscript. Autophagy can act as an anti-viral component of the innate immune system, presumably by sequestering and degrading viral structures in the cells to help reduce viral replication. keywords: autophagosomes; autophagy; dengue; denv; infection; replication; virus cache: cord-272459-w14finxf.txt plain text: cord-272459-w14finxf.txt item: #105 of 243 id: cord-272666-3uidpr79 author: Doyle, Nicole title: Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 4 Alone Induces Membrane Pairing date: 2018-09-06 words: 7506 flesch: 48 summary: As the role in membrane rearrangements for nsp3 and 4 is well-established for several nidoviruses and considering that nsp6 may also play some role, here we investigated the role that these three nsps play in the formation of IBV membrane rearrangements. A Key Role for Nonstructural Protein 3 in the Remodeling of Intracellular Membranes Open Reading Frame 1a-Encoded Subunits of the Arterivirus Replicase Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Double-Membrane Vesicles Which Carry the Viral Replication Complex Non-structural proteins 2 and 3 interact to modify host cell membranes during the formation of the arterivirus replication complex Evolving the largest RNA virus genome Membrane rearrangements mediated by coronavirus nonstructural proteins 3 and 4. keywords: beaur; cells; expression; formation; ibv; m41; membrane; nsp3; nsp4; nsp6; proteins; rearrangements; replication; virus cache: cord-272666-3uidpr79.txt plain text: cord-272666-3uidpr79.txt item: #106 of 243 id: cord-273326-gmw8gl2r author: Saiz, Juan-Carlos title: Host-Directed Antivirals: A Realistic Alternative to Fight Zika Virus date: 2018-08-24 words: 7153 flesch: 28 summary: Front Pathogenic exploitation of Fc activity Pathogenesis of flavivirus infections: Using and abusing the host cell Role of host cell factors in flavivirus infection: Implications for pathogenesis and development of antiviral drugs Broad-spectrum agents for flaviviral infections: Dengue, zika and beyond Targeting host factors to treat West Nile and dengue viral infections Zika virus replicons for drug discovery Establishment and application of flavivirus replicons Probing molecular insights into Zika virus (-)host interactions Zika virus cell tropism in the developing human brain and inhibition by azithromycin Genetic ablation of axl does not protect human neural progenitor cells and cerebral organoids from Zika virus infection Axl mediates Zika virus entry in human glial cells and modulates innate immune responses Axl is not an indispensable factor for Zika virus infection in mice Axl-mediated productive infection of human endothelial cells by Zika virus Curcumin inhibits zika and chikungunya virus infection by inhibiting cell binding Polysulfonate suramin inhibits Zika virus infection Suramin inhibits Zika virus replication by interfering with virus attachment and release of infectious particles Molecular mechanisms of flavivirus membrane fusion Acid-dependent viral entry Screening bioactives reveals nanchangmycin as a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus Lipids and flaviviruses, present and future perspectives for the control of dengue, zika, and West Nile viruses Arbidol (umifenovir): A broad-spectrum antiviral drug that inhibits medically important arthropod-borne flaviviruses Infection by Zika viruses requires the transmembrane protein AXL, endocytosis and low pH 25-hydroxycholesterol protects host against Zika virus infection and its associated microcephaly in a mouse model A screen of FDA-approved drugs for inhibitors of Zika virus infection Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide and gemcitabine inhibit Zika virus infection in vitro and differentially affect cellular signaling, transcription and metabolism Obatoclax inhibits alphavirus membrane fusion by neutralizing the acidic environment of endocytic compartments Evaluation of anti-Zika virus activities of broad-spectrum antivirals and NIH clinical collection compounds using a cell-based, high-throughput screen assay Chloroquine, an endocytosis blocking agent, inhibits Zika virus infection in different cell models Antiviral activities of selected antimalarials against dengue virus type 2 and Zika virus Inhibition of autophagy limits vertical transmission of Zika virus in pregnant mice FDA-approved drug, prevents Zika virus infection and its associated congenital microcephaly in mice Repurposing of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine for Zika virus treatment and prophylaxis -(arylmethylimino)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amine derivatives, synthesized by thermal and ultrasonic means, are endowed with anti-Zika virus activity (trifluoromethyl)quinoline analogs show improved anti-Zika virus activity, compared to mefloquine The antimalarial drug amodiaquine possesses anti-Zika virus activities Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen Niclosamide rescues microcephaly in a humanized in vivo model of zika infection using human induced neural stem cells Antiviral effects of ferric ammonium citrate Inhibition of Zika virus replication by silvestrol Antiviral activity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-HPR) against Zika virus Interferon-induced spermidine-spermine acetyltransferase and polyamine depletion restrict zika and chikungunya viruses Inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis is a broad-spectrum strategy against rna viruses The composition of West Nile virus lipid envelope unveils a role of sphingolipid metabolism in flavivirus biogenesis Direct activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by PF-06409577 inhibits flavivirus infection through modification of host cell lipid metabolism Suppression of Zika virus infection and replication in endothelial cells and astrocytes by PKA inhibitor PKI 14-22 Zika virus targets human STAT2 to inhibit type I interferon signaling Ribavirin-Current status of a broad spectrum antiviral agent Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the imp dehydrogenase inhibitor VX-497: A comparison with ribavirin and demonstration of antiviral additivity with alpha interferon Rna virus error catastrophe: Direct molecular test by using ribavirin Extinction of hepatitis c virus by ribavirin in hepatoma cells involves lethal mutagenesis Efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral compound BCX4430 against Zika virus in cell culture and in a mouse model In vitro susceptibility of geographically and temporally distinct Zika viruses to favipiravir and ribavirin Ribavirin inhibits Zika virus (zikv) replication in vitro and suppresses viremia in zikv-infected stat1-deficient mice Favipiravir and ribavirin inhibit replication of Asian and African strains of Zika virus in different cell models an impdh inhibitor, suppresses replication of Zika virus and other emerging viral pathogens A sensitive virus yield assay for evaluation of antivirals against Zika virus Inhibition of pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway suppresses viral growth through innate immunity Discovery of a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis and establishes a type 1 interferon-independent antiviral state High-content screening in HPSC-neural progenitors identifies drug candidates that inhibit Zika virus infection in fetal-like organoids and adult brain The Brazilian Zika virus strain causes birth defects in experimental models Zika virus impairs growth in human neurospheres and brain organoids Zika virus disrupts neural progenitor development and leads to microcephaly in mice N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockade prevents neuronal death induced by Zika virus infection Ebselen alleviates testicular pathology in mice with Zika virus infection and prevents its sexual transmission Zika virus infectious cell culture system and the in vitro prophylactic effect of interferons Type iii interferons produced by human placental trophoblasts confer protection against Zika virus infection Gestational stage and IFN-lambda signaling regulate ZIKV infection in utero The IFITMs inhibit Zika virus replication keywords: activity; antiviral; cell; drug; flavivirus; host; human; infection; inhibitor; inhibits; mice; protein; replication; rna; virus; zika; zika virus; zikv; zikv infection cache: cord-273326-gmw8gl2r.txt plain text: cord-273326-gmw8gl2r.txt item: #107 of 243 id: cord-273366-xd84f8ct author: Brownsword, Matthew J. title: Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling date: 2020-05-14 words: 8918 flesch: 43 summary: When IBV infected cells were treated with sodium arsenite, there was also a significant increase in the level of phosphorylated eIF2α when compared to IBV infected untreated cells. When IBV infected cells were treated with sodium arsenite, there was also a significant increase in the level of phosphorylated eIF2α when compared to IBV infected untreated cells. keywords: anti; cells; eif2α; g3bp1; ibv; infected; infection; replication; rna; stress; translation; virus cache: cord-273366-xd84f8ct.txt plain text: cord-273366-xd84f8ct.txt item: #108 of 243 id: cord-273661-egpyvqrw author: Mo, Mei-Lan title: Molecular Characterization of Major Structural Protein Genes of Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolates in Southern China date: 2013-12-04 words: 4729 flesch: 47 summary: Correlation with biological functions Immune responses to structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus Rapid detection and identification of avian infectious bronchitis virus Typing of field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus based on the sequence of the hypervariable region in the S1 gene The cytoplasmic tails of infectious bronchitis virus E and M proteins mediate their interaction Molecular epidemiology and evolution of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Spain over a fourteen-year period Attenuated live vaccine usage affects accurate measures of virus diversity and mutation rates in avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus Identification of sequence changes responsible for the attenuation of avian infectious bronchitis virus strain Arkansas DP Variations in the nucleocapsid protein gene of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in Korea Characterization and membrane gene-based phylogenetic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus Chinese strain HH06 Serotype and genotype diversity of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated during 1985-2008 in Guangxi Isolation and molecular characterization of Sul/01/09 avian infectious bronchitis virus, indicates the emergence of a new genotype in the Middle East Complete genome sequences of two chinese virulent avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus variants Genetic diversity of spike, 3a, 3b and e genes of infectious bronchitis viruses and emergence of new recombinants in Korea Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolates foreign to the United States and comparison with United States isolates A 15-year analysis of molecular epidemiology of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus in China Identification of the avian infectious bronchitis coronaviruses with mutations in gene 3 Genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus in recent years in China Molecular epidemiological investigation of Marek's disease virus from Guangxi Relationship between serotypes and genotypes based on the hypervariable region of the S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus Genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus California variants isolated between 1988 and 2001 based on the S1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein Recombinational histories of avian infectious bronchitis virus and turkey coronavirus Complete nucleotide sequences of S1 and N genes of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Japan and Taiwan Identification of Taiwan and China-like recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses in Taiwan Differential stepwise evolution of SARS coronavirus functional proteins in different host species Identification of intertypic recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses from slaughtered chickens Evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in Taiwan: Positively selected sites in the nucleocapsid protein and their effects on RNA-binding activity Quantifying selection and diversity in viruses by entropy methods, with application to the haemagglutinin of H3N2 influenza Incorporating background frequency improves entropy-based residue conservation measures Crystal structure of the polymerase PA(C)-PB1(N) complex from an avian influenza H5N1 virus A Shannon entropy analysis of immunoglobulin and Tcell receptor Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from Russia and neighbouring countries: Identification of intertypic recombination in the S1 gene Complete genome sequence and recombination analysis of infectious bronchitis virus attenuated vaccine strain H120 Characterization of a recombinant coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus with distinct S1 subunits of spike and nucleocapsid genes and a 3' untranslated region Isolation and genetic analysis revealed no predominant new strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus circulating in South China during This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31360611, 31160516), Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2013GXNSFCA019010), and the Guangxi Provincial Programs for Science and Technology Development (0993009-2). keywords: acid; amino; bronchitis; entropy; gene; ibv; type cache: cord-273661-egpyvqrw.txt plain text: cord-273661-egpyvqrw.txt item: #109 of 243 id: cord-273777-qb0vp9gr author: Happel, Anna-Ursula title: The Vaginal Virome—Balancing Female Genital Tract Bacteriome, Mucosal Immunity, and Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes? date: 2020-07-30 words: 6253 flesch: 22 summary: Whether a core vaginal virome exists or whether differences in vaginal viruses identified in these studies are due to variable demographic or clinical characteristics of the cohorts, to differences in laboratory or sequencing methods, or to the viral databases and viral annotation tools applied remains unclear. Notably, only 4% of vaginal viruses identified by metagenomic sequencing by Jakobsen et al. (2019) targeted eukaryotes keywords: fgt; health; host; human; infection; microbiota; outcomes; pregnancy; reproductive; vaginal; virome; viruses; women cache: cord-273777-qb0vp9gr.txt plain text: cord-273777-qb0vp9gr.txt item: #110 of 243 id: cord-274569-jh0dyyz7 author: Alenquer, Marta title: Exosome Biogenesis, Regulation, and Function in Viral Infection date: 2015-09-17 words: 7877 flesch: 38 summary: Importantly for the context of this review, cells infected with viruses were shown to release exosomes containing viral proteins and RNAs [43] [44] It is now well established that tumor cells secrete exosomes keywords: cells; endosomes; exosomes; human; membrane; mvbs; pathway; proteins; rab11; rabs; recycling; release; rna; vesicles; virus; viruses cache: cord-274569-jh0dyyz7.txt plain text: cord-274569-jh0dyyz7.txt item: #111 of 243 id: cord-277039-yo5ojr0s author: Mendenhall, Ian H. title: Discovery and Characterization of Novel Bat Coronavirus Lineages from Kazakhstan date: 2019-04-17 words: 2425 flesch: 49 summary: In addition, two distinct lineages of Kazakhstan bat coronaviruses were detected. Both lineages are closely related to bat coronaviruses from China, France, Spain, and South Africa, suggesting that co-circulation of coronaviruses is common in multiple bat species with overlapping geographical distributions. keywords: bat; bats; cave; coronaviruses; cov; kazakhstan; sequences; species cache: cord-277039-yo5ojr0s.txt plain text: cord-277039-yo5ojr0s.txt item: #112 of 243 id: cord-279691-v5kpmk0b author: Hagemeijer, Marne C. title: Biogenesis and Dynamics of the Coronavirus Replicative Structures date: 2012-11-21 words: 9053 flesch: 36 summary: [151] [152] [153] can all be applied to investigate the CoV RTCs and the membranous replicative structures at the ultrastructural level using fluorescently-tagged proteins, while EU-labeling of viral RNA in combination with correlative light-electron microscopy may provide the resolution to indisputably pinpoint the exact location of viral RNA synthesis [154] . Organelle-Like Membrane Compartmentalization of Positive-Strand RNA Virus Replication Factories Cytoplasmic Viral Replication Complexes Modification of Intracellular Membrane Structures for Virus Replication SARS-Coronavirus Replication is Supported by a Reticulovesicular Network of Modified Endoplasmic Reticulum Identification of a Novel Coronavirus in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A Novel Coronavirus Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Isolation and Characterization of Viruses Related to the SARS Coronavirus from Animals in Southern China Bats are Natural Reservoirs of SARS-Like Coronaviruses Evolving the Largest RNA Virus Genome A Contemporary View of Coronavirus Transcription Coronaviruses use Discontinuous Extension for Synthesis of Subgenome-Length Negative Strands Sequence Motifs Involved in the Regulation of Discontinuous Coronavirus Subgenomic RNA synthesis Coronavirus Minus-Strand RNA Synthesis and Effect of Cycloheximide on Coronavirus RNA Synthesis The RNA Structures Engaged in Replication and Transcription of the A59 Strain of Mouse Hepatitis Virus The Primary Structure and Expression of the Second Open Reading Frame of the Polymerase Gene of the Coronavirus MHV-A59; a Highly Conserved Polymerase is Expressed by an Efficient Ribosomal Frameshifting Mechanism Characterization of an Efficient Coronavirus Ribosomal Frameshifting Signal: Requirement for an RNA Pseudoknot Virus-Encoded Proteinases and Proteolytic Processing in the Nidovirales Processing of Open Reading Frame 1a Replicase Proteins nsp7 to nsp10 in Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain A59 Replication Functional and Genetic Analysis of Coronavirus Replicase-Transcriptase Proteins The RNA Polymerase Activity of SARS-Coronavirus nsp12 is Primer Dependent Non-Canonical RNA-Dependent RNA Superfamily 1 Helicase has RNA and DNA Duplex-Unwinding Activities with 5'-to-3' Polarity The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus NTPase/helicase Belongs to a Distinct Class of 5' to 3' Viral Helicases Multiple Enzymatic Activities Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Helicase Human Coronavirus 229E Nonstructural Protein 13: Characterization of Duplex-Unwinding, Nucleoside Triphosphatase, and RNA 5'-Triphosphatase Activities Functional Screen Reveals SARS Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein nsp14 as a Novel Cap N7 Methyltransferase Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 16 is a Cap-0 Binding Enzyme Possessing (Nucleoside-2'O)-Methyltransferase Activity In Vitro Reconstitution of SARS-Coronavirus mRNA Cap Methylation Molecular Mapping of the RNA Cap 2'-O-Methyltransferase Activation Interface between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus nsp10 and nsp16 Discovery of an RNA Virus 3'→5' Exoribonuclease that is Critically Involved in Coronavirus RNA Synthesis Major Genetic Marker of Nidoviruses Encodes a Replicative Endoribonuclease RNA Recognition and Cleavage by the SARS Coronavirus Endoribonuclease Infidelity of SARS-CoV Nsp14-Exonuclease Mutant Virus Replication is Revealed by Complete Genome Sequencing An RNA Proofreading Machine Regulates Replication Fidelity and Diversity RNA 3'-End Mismatch Excision by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein nsp10/nsp14 Exoribonuclease Complex Identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replicase Products and Characterization of Papain-Like Protease Activity Topology and Membrane Anchoring of the Coronavirus Replication Complex: keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; dmvs; hepatitis; membrane; nsp3; nsp4; protein; replication; rna; rna synthesis; sars; sites; structures; synthesis; viruses cache: cord-279691-v5kpmk0b.txt plain text: cord-279691-v5kpmk0b.txt item: #113 of 243 id: cord-280782-8gbktpt3 author: Van Brussel, Kate title: Distinct Lineages of Feline Parvovirus Associated with Epizootic Outbreaks in Australia, New Zealand and the United Arab Emirates date: 2019-12-13 words: 7028 flesch: 46 summary: FPV vaccine virus was detected in the New Zealand cases, highlighting the difficulty of distinguishing the co-incidental shedding of vaccine virus in vaccinated cats. The VP2 sequence data from cases analysed from a third country with contemporaneous FPL outbreaks showed that the NZ FPV strains segregated with FPV vaccine viruses. keywords: australia; canine; cases; cats; cpv; diagnosis; faecal; feline; fpl; fpv; outbreaks; parvovirus; vaccination; vaccine cache: cord-280782-8gbktpt3.txt plain text: cord-280782-8gbktpt3.txt item: #114 of 243 id: cord-281552-zfjy3m3i author: Alsaadi, Entedar A. J. title: Identification of a Membrane Binding Peptide in the Envelope Protein of MHV Coronavirus date: 2020-09-22 words: 4795 flesch: 42 summary: Retention of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus envelope protein in the pre-Golgi compartments and physical interaction between the envelope and membrane proteins Assembly of the coronavirus envelope: For many coronaviruses, including MHV, E protein also functions as an ion channel, a viroporin [14, 15] , affecting the trafficking of virions in the secretory pathways and membrane permeability, both of which are essential for virus growth [3, 16, 17] . keywords: binding; cells; coronavirus; expression; guvs; interaction; membrane; mhv; peptide; protein; region; sars cache: cord-281552-zfjy3m3i.txt plain text: cord-281552-zfjy3m3i.txt item: #115 of 243 id: cord-281837-knswbb2d author: Chang, Chia-Wen title: Daphne Genkwa Sieb. et Zucc. Water-Soluble Extracts Act on Enterovirus 71 by Inhibiting Viral Entry date: 2012-04-11 words: 4932 flesch: 54 summary: However, Pleconaril did not effectively inhibit the CPE induced in cell cultures by the EV71 strain isolated from patients who had contracted hand, foot and mouth disease in 1998 mg/mL. DGFW inhibited EV71 viral protein and viral RNA synthesis. keywords: activity; assay; cells; dgfw; ev71; figure; virus cache: cord-281837-knswbb2d.txt plain text: cord-281837-knswbb2d.txt item: #116 of 243 id: cord-283756-ycjzitlk author: Simons, Robin R. L. title: Potential for Introduction of Bat-Borne Zoonotic Viruses into the EU: A Review date: 2014-05-16 words: 14416 flesch: 51 summary: As some viruses such as coronaviruses can survive for long periods in water [157] , bat guano or even dead bats transported in bilge waters of ships could, in theory, serve as route of transport of bat viruses around the world. It should also be noted that migration could pose a risk for other bat viruses which may be present on these migration routes. keywords: aegyptiacus; africa; areas; bangladesh; bats; bushmeat; cases; countries; evidence; fruit; human; infection; introduction; marv; nipah; niv; potential; risk; species; study; trade; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-283756-ycjzitlk.txt plain text: cord-283756-ycjzitlk.txt item: #117 of 243 id: cord-284216-4sl8xfur author: Sinha, Anirban title: Can Measurements of Inflammatory Biomarkers Be Used to Spot Respiratory Viral Infections? date: 2020-10-17 words: 5030 flesch: 40 summary: On the other hand, clinically available parameters for airways assessment such as inflammatory and lung function indices have not been traditionally used for the diagnosis of viral respiratory infections. Therefore, we aimed at investigating how reliable inflammatory biomarkers and lung function are for the detection of respiratory viral infections in humans, by systematically comparing the values of these parameters/biomarkers during the participants' pre-and post-infection state within a longitudinal study cohort. keywords: averages; biomarkers; day; infection; inoculation; study; summary; table; time cache: cord-284216-4sl8xfur.txt plain text: cord-284216-4sl8xfur.txt item: #118 of 243 id: cord-285935-5rsk6g7l author: Kinast, Volker title: Hepatitis E Virus Drug Development date: 2019-05-28 words: 6651 flesch: 42 summary: Part I: Nucleoside analogues Sensitivity of mitochondrial transcription and resistance of RNA polymerase II dependent nuclear transcription to antiviral ribonucleosides Antiviral candidates for treating hepatitis E virus infection The RNA template channel of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase as a target for development of antiviral therapy of multiple genera within a virus family Resistance analysis and characterization of NITD008 as an adenosine analog inhibitor against hepatitis C virus Combined treatment of adenosine nucleoside inhibitor NITD008 and histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat represents an immunotherapy strategy to ameliorate West Nile virus infection Adenosine Analog NITD008 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Zika Virus An adenosine nucleoside inhibitor of dengue virus Screening of novel drugs for inhibiting hepatitis E virus replication Sofosbuvir: A novel oral agent for chronic hepatitis C Pan-Genotype Hepatitis E Virus Replication in Stem Cell-Derived Hepatocellular Systems Distinct Antiviral Potency of Sofosbuvir Against Hepatitis C and E Viruses Genotype 5 Hepatitis E Virus Produced by a Reverse Genetics System Has the Potential for Zoonotic Infection Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir Anti-Viral Therapy Fails to Clear HEV Viremia and Restore Reactive T Cells in a HEV/HCV Co-Infected Liver Transplant Recipient Chronic hepatitis E in a heart transplant patient: Sofosbuvir and ribavirin regimen not fully effective Combination therapy of sofosbuvir and ribavirin fails to clear chronic hepatitis E infection in a multivisceral transplanted patient Sofosbuvir shows antiviral activity in a patient with chronic hepatitis E virus infection Autochthonous acute hepatitis E: Treatment with sofosbuvir and ribavirin Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin Eradication of Refractory Hepatitis E in an Immunosuppressed Kidney Transplant Recipient Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir monotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis E-The HepNet SofE pilot study High-throughput screening (HTS) for the identification of novel antiviral scaffolds Impact of high-throughput screening in biomedical research An ethanol extract of Lysimachia mauritiana exhibits inhibitory activity against hepatitis E virus genotype 3 replication Spicatoside A derived from Liriope platyphylla root ethanol extract inhibits hepatitis E virus genotype 3 replication in vitro Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by zinc group metal compounds 2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture Zinc Salts Block Hepatitis E Virus Replication by Inhibiting the Activity of Viral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase The relationship between zinc intake and serum/plasma zinc concentration in children: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis Failure to respond to ribavirin despite elevated intra-erythrocyte zinc level in transplant-patients with chronic hepatitis E virus infection A screen for novel hepatitis C virus RdRp inhibitor identifies a broad-spectrum antiviral compound Biological and immunological characteristics of hepatitis E virus-like particles based on the crystal structure Structure of the hepatitis E virus-like particle suggests mechanisms for virus assembly and receptor binding Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are required for cellular binding of the hepatitis E virus ORF2 capsid protein and for viral infection The ubiquitous hammerhead ribozyme Development of a chimeric DNA-RNA hammerhead ribozyme targeting SARS virus Berzal-Herranz, A. Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication and internal ribosome entry site-dependent translation by an RNA molecule Reduction in severity of a herpes simplex virus type 1 murine infection by treatment with a ribozyme targeting the UL20 gene RNA Targeted cleavage of hepatitis E virus 3' end RNA mediated by hammerhead ribozymes inhibits viral RNA replication Antisense Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomers as Inhibition of hepatitis E virus replication by peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers Proteasome inhibitors: Valuable new tools for cell biologists Hepatitis E virus replication requires an active ubiquitin-proteasome system Inhibition of hepatitis E virus replication by proteasome inhibitor is nonspecific Tsg101 and the Vacuolar Protein Sorting Pathway Are Essential for HIV-1 Budding Enhanced alpha1 microglobulin secretion from Hepatitis E virus ORF3-expressing human hepatoma cells is mediated by the tumor susceptibility gene 101 ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus is essential for virion release from infected cells A PSAP motif in the ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus is necessary for virion release from infected cells Structure of the Tsg101 UEV domain in complex with the PTAP motif of the HIV-1 p6 protein Inhibition of HIV budding by a genetically selected cyclic peptide targeting the Gag-TSG101 interaction Potent Inhibition of Hepatitis E Virus Release by a Cyclic Peptide Inhibitor of the Interaction between Viral Open Reading Frame 3 Protein and Host Tumor Susceptibility Gene 101 Inhibition of dengue virus through suppression of host pyrimidine biosynthesis Anti-HIV-1 activity of leflunomide: A comparison with mycophenolic acid and hydroxyurea Chronic hepatitis E in heart transplant recipients Calcineurin inhibitors stimulate and mycophenolic acid inhibits replication of hepatitis E virus An Early Viral Response Predicts the Virological Response to Ribavirin in Hepatitis E Virus Organ Transplant Patients Cross Talk between Nucleotide Synthesis Pathways with Cellular Immunity in Constraining Hepatitis E Virus Replication Rocaglamide, silvestrol and structurally related bioactive compounds from Aglaia species Therapeutic suppression of translation initiation modulates chemosensitivity in a mouse lymphoma model Silvestrol Inhibits Chikungunya Virus Replication Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the eIF4A inhibitor silvestrol against corona-and picornaviruses The natural compound silvestrol is a potent inhibitor of Ebola virus replication The natural compound silvestrol inhibits hepatitis E virus (HEV) replication in vitro and in vivo A mutation in the hepatitis E virus RNA polymerase promotes its replication and associates with ribavirin treatment failure in organ transplant recipients Proposed reference sequences for hepatitis E virus subtypes A new hepatitis E virus genotype 2 strain identified from an outbreak in Nigeria A large outbreak of Hepatitis E virus genotype 1 infection in an urban setting in Chad likely linked to household level transmission factors An outbreak of hepatitis E in an urban area of Bangladesh Abravanel, F. HEV and transfusion-recipient risk Chronic Infection With Camelid Hepatitis E Virus in a Liver Transplant Recipient Who Regularly Consumes Camel Meat and Milk Rat Hepatitis E Virus as Cause of Persistent Hepatitis after Liver Transplant Rat hepatitis E virus linked to severe acute hepatitis in an immunocompetent patient Hepatitis E virus infection Hepatitis E and pregnancy: Current state Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis E virus Pegylated interferon-alpha for treating chronic hepatitis E virus infection after liver transplantation Treatment of chronic hepatitis E in liver transplant recipients with pegylated interferon α-2b Three-month pegylated interferon-alpha-2a therapy for chronic hepatitis E virus infection in a haemodialysis patient European Association for the Study of the Liver. keywords: antiviral; cells; chronic; development; effect; hepatitis; hev; infection; patients; protein; rbv; replication; rna; study; therapy; virus cache: cord-285935-5rsk6g7l.txt plain text: cord-285935-5rsk6g7l.txt item: #119 of 243 id: cord-286343-s8n1ldol author: Martin, Javier title: Tracking SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage: Evidence of Changes in Virus Variant Predominance during COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-09 words: 5931 flesch: 44 summary: We were able to detect co-circulating virus variants, some specifically prevalent in England, and to identify changes in viral RNA sequences with time consistent with the recently reported increasing global dominance of Spike protein G614 pandemic variant. We conclude that viral RNA sequences found in sewage closely resemble those from clinical samples and that environmental surveillance can be used to monitor SARS-CoV-2 transmission, tracing virus variants and detecting virus importations. keywords: concentration; cov-2; npcr; nucleotide; results; rna; samples; sars; sequences; sewage; viral; virus; wastewater cache: cord-286343-s8n1ldol.txt plain text: cord-286343-s8n1ldol.txt item: #120 of 243 id: cord-287647-0nyquokt author: Nemoto, Manabu title: The First Detection of Equine Coronavirus in Adult Horses and Foals in Ireland date: 2019-10-14 words: 2717 flesch: 54 summary: The much higher incidence of ECoV positive Thoroughbred foals identified in Kentucky compared to similar populations internationally suggests an increased susceptibility to ECoV infection in that population. Thus, an investigation of ECoV in Ireland is pertinent not only to increase awareness nationally of the epidemiology of the virus and promote discussion on its clinical importance, but also to inform the industry globally of the health status of Irish horses. keywords: coronavirus; ecov; equine; gene; horses; samples cache: cord-287647-0nyquokt.txt plain text: cord-287647-0nyquokt.txt item: #121 of 243 id: cord-288058-oilurica author: Cui, Tingting title: Role of Porcine Aminopeptidase N and Sialic Acids in Porcine Coronavirus Infections in Primary Porcine Enterocytes date: 2020-04-05 words: 7089 flesch: 49 summary: PEDV and TGEV Miller showed a higher infectivity in APN positive cells than in APN negative cells. For CV777 Vero adapted strain, 0.040 ± 0.002% of APN positive cells and 0.020 ± 0.006% of APN negative cells were infected. keywords: apn; cells; enterocytes; infection; miller; pedv; porcine; positive; receptor; tgev cache: cord-288058-oilurica.txt plain text: cord-288058-oilurica.txt item: #122 of 243 id: cord-288556-o8i6j3b2 author: Li, Yanpeng title: Virome of a Feline Outbreak of Diarrhea and Vomiting Includes Bocaviruses and a Novel Chapparvovirus date: 2020-05-04 words: 5875 flesch: 48 summary: FeBoV1 was first discovered in multiple tissues of cats in Hong Kong [53] and subsequently reported in cat feces in the US, Japan, Europe and China Using metagenomics, we found FeBoV1, 2, and 3 and a novel chaphamaparvovirus we named fechavirus in a large fraction of fecal samples and fechavirus in all vomit samples from sick cats in a multi-facility outbreak. keywords: animals; cats; days; diarrhea; dna; fechavirus; feline; novel; outbreak; pcr; samples; shelter; viruses cache: cord-288556-o8i6j3b2.txt plain text: cord-288556-o8i6j3b2.txt item: #123 of 243 id: cord-289273-zpyz1krq author: Barry, Michele title: Poxvirus Exploitation of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System date: 2010-10-19 words: 7228 flesch: 42 summary: p28 displays sequence homology to a family of cellular proteins termed Makorin (MKRN), however, this homology is restricted to the RING domain [49] . Although the role of poxvirus BTB/kelch proteins is still undefined, many other viruses have evolved mechanisms to specifically recruit cellular proteins to cullin-based ubiquitin ligases [12, 14] . keywords: box; btb; complex; domain; infection; kelch; ligase; p28; poxvirus; pranc; proteasome; proteins; ring; system; ubiquitin; virus cache: cord-289273-zpyz1krq.txt plain text: cord-289273-zpyz1krq.txt item: #124 of 243 id: cord-289757-jtvpfsiu author: Abrams, Anna title: The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns date: 2011-08-02 words: 3495 flesch: 36 summary: key: cord-289757-jtvpfsiu authors: Abrams, Anna; Akahata, Yoshimi; Jacobson, Steven title: The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns date: 2011-08-02 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v3081320 sha: doc_id: 289757 cord_uid: jtvpfsiu Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infects an estimated 15–20 million persons worldwide. This process includes detection by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) followed by a confirmatory Western blot (WB) in which recombinant proteins specific for HTLV-I Env glycoproteins are incorporated into WB strips. keywords: blood; htlv; human; lymphotropic; seroindeterminate; virus cache: cord-289757-jtvpfsiu.txt plain text: cord-289757-jtvpfsiu.txt item: #125 of 243 id: cord-290127-51ljxy72 author: Al-Kassmy, Jawad title: Vaccine Candidates against Coronavirus Infections. Where Does COVID-19 Stand? date: 2020-08-07 words: 7383 flesch: 41 summary: Germs Available online: www.who.int/activities/prioritizing-diseases-for-research-and-development-inemergency-contexts Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding The spike protein of SARS-CoV-A target for vaccine and therapeutic development Cell Responses to Whole SARS Coronavirus in Humans1 Comparative tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage profiling of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV with implications for clinical manifestations, transmissibility, and laboratory studies of COVID-19: An observational study Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody Identification of SARS-CoV RBD-targeting monoclonal antibodies with cross-reactive or neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV Novel antibody epitopes dominate the antigenicity of spike glycoprotein in SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV Characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognizing a 15-residues epitope on the spike protein HR2 region of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Cryo-EM analysis of the post-fusion structure of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein In silico identification of vaccine targets for 2019-nCoV T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: Implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV Immunoinformatics and Structural Analysis for Identification of Immunodominant Epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 as Potential Vaccine Targets Bioinformatic prediction of potential T cell epitopes for SARS-Cov-2 Comparative computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein epitopes in taxonomically related coronaviruses Rational Vaccine Design in the Time of COVID-19 Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses SARS vaccines: Where are we? Microbiol. 2020, 11 A Highly Immunogenic, Protective, and Safe Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Expressing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus S1-CD40L Fusion Protein in a Transgenic Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Mouse Model Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice A Highly Immunogenic and Protective Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Vaccine Based on a Recombinant Measles Virus Vaccine Platform One-Health: A Safe, Efficient, Dual-Use Vaccine for Humans and Animals against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Rabies Virus A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine efficacy in ferrets: Whole killed virus and adenovirus-vectored vaccines Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in Vaccinated Ferrets Newcastle disease virus, a host range-restricted virus, as a vaccine vector for intranasal immunization against emerging pathogens Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine Evaluation of modified vaccinia virus Ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets Immunogenicity and Protection Efficacy of Monomeric and Trimeric Recombinant SARS Coronavirus Spike Protein Subunit Vaccine Candidates Recombinant receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein expressed in mammalian, insect and E. coli cells elicits potent neutralizing antibody and protective immunity Protective efficacy of a novel simian adenovirus vaccine against lethal MERS-CoV challenge in a transgenic human DPP4 mouse model Protective Efficacy of Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Delivering Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas Engineering a stable CHO cell line for the expression of a MERS-coronavirus vaccine antigen Comparative evaluation of two severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) vaccine candidates in mice challenged with SARS coronavirus Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity Airway Memory CD4(+) T Cells Mediate Protective Immunity against Emerging Respiratory Coronaviruses. keywords: cell; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; mers; phase; protein; response; sars; spike; trial; vaccine cache: cord-290127-51ljxy72.txt plain text: cord-290127-51ljxy72.txt item: #126 of 243 id: cord-292050-x3isowrt author: Ackerman, Emily E. title: Network Controllability-Based Prioritization of Candidates for SARS-CoV-2 Drug Repositioning date: 2020-09-26 words: 6956 flesch: 39 summary: While viral proteins only interact with 148 proteins, the topological effects are seen across the entire network. The removal of these five proteins as drivers of infected cell behavior in the VIN suggests that they have fallen under the control of viral proteins or are part of a host cascade that has been activated in the response. keywords: cells; compounds; controllability; hin; inhibition; network; proteins; scarb1; vin; virus cache: cord-292050-x3isowrt.txt plain text: cord-292050-x3isowrt.txt item: #127 of 243 id: cord-292364-jhiimglg author: Hayakawa, Jun title: Genetic and Antigenic Characterization and Retrospective Surveillance of Bovine Influenza D Viruses Identified in Hokkaido, Japan from 2018 to 2020 date: 2020-08-11 words: 4380 flesch: 42 summary: The biology of influenza viruses The glycoprotein of influenza C virus is the haemagglutinin, esterase and fusion factor Structure and function of the hef glycoprotein of influenza c virus Hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion (HEF) protein of influenza C virus Novel influenza D virus: Epidemiology, pathology, evolution and biological characteristics An Open Receptor-Binding Cavity of Hemagglutinin-Esterase-Fusion Glycoprotein from Newly-Identified Influenza D Virus: Basis for Its Broad Cell Tropism Isolation of a Novel Swine Influenza Virus from Oklahoma in 2011 Which Is Distantly Related to Human Influenza C Viruses Characterization of a novel influenza virus in cattle and swine: Proposal for a new genus in the Orthomyxoviridae family Cocirculation of Two Distinct Genetic and Antigenic Lineages of Proposed Influenza D Virus in Cattle Pathogenesis of Influenza D Virus in Cattle An inactivated influenza D virus vaccine partially protects cattle from respiratory disease caused by homologous challenge A Metagenomics and Case-Control Study To Identify Viruses Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease Metagenomic characterization of the virome associated with bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle identified novel viruses and suggests an etiologic role for influenza D virus Serological evidence for the presence of influenza D virus in small ruminants Serologic evidence for influenza c and d virus among ruminants and Camelids Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States Serologic evidence of exposure to influenza D virus among persons with occupational contact with cattle Influenza D virus: Serological evidence in the Italian population from Identification of a potential novel type of influenza virus in Bovine in China Influenza d virus in cattle Influenza D virus infection in Mississippi beef cattle Detection of influenza D virus among swine and cattle Nationwide distribution of bovine influenza D virus infection in Japan Influenza d virus infection in herd of cattle Influenza D Virus in Cattle Influenza D virus circulation in cattle and swine Molecular epidemiological survey and phylogenetic analysis of bovine influenza D virus in Japan Pestiviruses isolated from pigs, cattle and sheep can be allocated into at least three genogroups using polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis Development of nested PCR assays for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in clinical samples Experimental inoculation of adult dairy cows with bovine coronavirus and detection of coronavirus in feces by RT-PCR Development of a one-run real-time PCR detection system for pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex Design of a multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-PCR system to simultaneously detect 16 pathogens associated with bovine respiratory and enteric diseases Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Mycoplasma bovis and Other Respiratory Disease Pathogens from Pneumonic Lung Samples in a Calf Rearing Unit Prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis in Respiratory Tract of Cattle Slaughtered in Balochistan A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Across Computing Platforms Recommendations for the classification of group a rotaviruses using all 11 genomic RNA segments Full Genome-Based Classification of Rotaviruses Reveals a Common Origin between Human Wa-Like and Porcine Rotavirus Strains and Human DS-1-Like and Bovine Rotavirus Strains Genomic diversity and evolution of rotaviruses: An overview This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license We thank H. Takahashi, K. Uegaki, and K. Kobayashi for sample collection and technical assistance. Supplementary Materials: The following are available online at http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/877/s1, Figure S1 : Image of BIDV virus, which isolated from HRT-18G cell culture, by transmission electron microscopy observation. keywords: bidvs; bovine; brd; cattle; hokkaido; influenza; pcr; samples; virus; viruses cache: cord-292364-jhiimglg.txt plain text: cord-292364-jhiimglg.txt item: #128 of 243 id: cord-292948-1n5ej08f author: Masse, Shirley title: Epidemiology and Clinical Symptoms Related to Seasonal Coronavirus Identified in Patients with Acute Respiratory Infections Consulting in Primary Care over Six Influenza Seasons (2014–2020) in France date: 2020-06-10 words: 3878 flesch: 50 summary: Fever and malaise were less frequent in HCoV patients than in influenza patients, while sore throat, dyspnoea, rhinorrhoea, and conjunctivitis were more associated with HCoV positivity. Fever and malaise were less frequent in HCoV patients than in influenza patients, while sore throat, dyspnoea, rhinorrhoea, and conjunctivitis were more frequently associated with HCoV positivity (Table 4) . keywords: coronavirus; hcov; infections; influenza; patients; viruses cache: cord-292948-1n5ej08f.txt plain text: cord-292948-1n5ej08f.txt item: #129 of 243 id: cord-294125-v2dr4hm0 author: Albert, Manuel title: ISG15, a Small Molecule with Huge Implications: Regulation of Mitochondrial Homeostasis date: 2018-11-13 words: 8077 flesch: 28 summary: Dendritic Cells at the Site of Infection Link between the ubiquitin conjugation system and the ISG15 conjugation system: ISG15 conjugation to the UbcH6 ubiquitin E2 enzyme ISG15 inhibits Ebola VP40 VLP budding in an L-domain-dependent manner by blocking Nedd4 ligase activity Identification and characterization of a novel ISG15-ubiquitin mixed chain and its role in regulating protein homeostasis ISG15 governs mitochondrial function in macrophages following vaccinia virus infection ISG15 in antiviral immunity and beyond IFN-stimulated gene 15 functions as a critical antiviral molecule against influenza, herpes, and Sindbis viruses ISG15 Arg151 and the ISG15-conjugating enzyme UbE1L are important for innate immune control of Sindbis virus Identification of interferon-stimulated gene 15 as an antiviral molecule during Sindbis virus infection in vivo ISG15 is critical in the control of Chikungunya virus infection independent of UbE1L mediated conjugation The level of hepatitis B virus replication is not affected by protein ISG15 modification but is reduced by inhibition of UBP43 (USP18) expression Role of ISG15 protease UBP43 (USP18) in innate immunity to viral infection Reexamination of the role of ubiquitin-like modifier ISG15 in the phenotype of UBP43-deficient mice Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) attachment and nonstructural proteins modify the type I interferon response associated with suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins and IFN-stimulated gene-15 (ISG15) Martinez, I. ISG15 Is Upregulated in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Reduces Virus Growth through Protein ISGylation Innate antiviral response targets HIV-1 release by the induction of ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 Zebrafish ISG15 exerts a strong antiviral activity against RNA and DNA viruses and regulates the interferon response Influenza B virus NS1 protein inhibits conjugation of the interferon (IFN)-induced ubiquitin-like ISG15 protein Vaccinia virus E3 protein prevents the antiviral action of ISG15 Consecutive Inhibition of ISG15 Expression and ISGylation by Cytomegalovirus Regulators Ovarian tumor domain-containing viral proteases evade ubiquitin-and ISG15-dependent innate immune responses A chimeric virus-mouse model system for evaluating the function and inhibition of papain-like proteases of emerging coronaviruses Hepatitis C virus reveals a novel early control in acute immune response The ISG15/USP18 ubiquitin-like pathway (ISGylation system) in hepatitis C virus infection and resistance to interferon therapy Influenza virus non-structural protein NS1: In the following sections, we discuss the antiviral mechanisms mediated by ISGylation of both viral and cellular proteins, with a focus on mitochondrial proteins, as we recently showed that ISG15 modulates essential mitochondrial metabolic processes such as respiration and mitophagy in macrophages, with important implications for innate immune responses [29] . keywords: cell; conjugation; ifn; infection; interferon; isg15; isgylation; mitochondria; proteins; regulation; response; role; signaling; targets; type; ubiquitin; virus cache: cord-294125-v2dr4hm0.txt plain text: cord-294125-v2dr4hm0.txt item: #130 of 243 id: cord-294347-axkdf5vu author: Kim, Shin-Hee title: Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for Development of Human and Veterinary Vaccines date: 2016-07-04 words: 7197 flesch: 43 summary: Consequently, NDV vaccine virus provided protection from RSV challenge. Live attenuated NDV vaccines are widely used all over the world. keywords: avian; disease; gene; ndv; newcastle; protein; responses; strains; vaccine; vector; virus cache: cord-294347-axkdf5vu.txt plain text: cord-294347-axkdf5vu.txt item: #131 of 243 id: cord-294842-aesiff1f author: Romero-Brey, Inés title: Membranous Replication Factories Induced by Plus-Strand RNA Viruses date: 2014-07-22 words: 11053 flesch: 35 summary: In addition, after multiple rounds of virus replication, tubular structures were also observed in the vicinity of VPs. As discussed earlier [119] , amongst these viruses two main architectures of remodeled membranes (morphotypes) can be found that may reflect two alternative strategies to induce the membranous microenvironments required to allow virus replication (summarized in Table 1 ). keywords: cells; cms; complex; denv; diameter; dmvs; family; formation; hepatitis; infection; membrane; protein; replication; rna; spherules; structures; synthesis; vesicles; virus; viruses cache: cord-294842-aesiff1f.txt plain text: cord-294842-aesiff1f.txt item: #132 of 243 id: cord-295044-eva0soja author: Hutson, Christina L. title: Monkeypox Virus Infections in Small Animal Models for Evaluation of Anti-Poxvirus Agents date: 2010-12-20 words: 4660 flesch: 48 summary: Animal models permit an advance beyond what can be gleaned from tissue culture evaluation of an antiviral effect. The disease pathogenesis has been conjectured and modeled largely from animal studies; initial models were using ectromelia infection of mice; some kinetic observations of virus shedding and viremia have been made in human studies of smallpox and monkeypox. keywords: animals; disease; human; infection; monkeypox; mpxv; pfu; virus cache: cord-295044-eva0soja.txt plain text: cord-295044-eva0soja.txt item: #133 of 243 id: cord-295433-olmein3q author: Banerjee, Arinjay title: Bats and Coronaviruses date: 2019-01-09 words: 5661 flesch: 47 summary: Unlike the amount of information available from studies of other bat viruses such as Nipah, Hendra, Ebola, and Marburg viruses, we know very little, if anything about how coronaviruses are transmitted directly to humans or if direct human transmission does not occur and spillover via an intermediate host is required. Bats are known to harbor a wide range of viruses including many that are highly pathogenic in humans. This pulse of virus positive bats correlates with an increased incidence of human spillover events [68] . keywords: bats; cells; coronavirus; cov; human; mers; sars; species; studies; study; syndrome; virus; viruses cache: cord-295433-olmein3q.txt plain text: cord-295433-olmein3q.txt item: #134 of 243 id: cord-295750-0gpyi4ii author: Raev, Sergei title: An Outbreak of a Respiratory Disorder at a Russian Swine Farm Associated with the Co-Circulation of PRRSV1 and PRRSV2 date: 2020-10-15 words: 2960 flesch: 51 summary: The expected size of PCR products of PRRSV1 ORF7 and PRRSV2 ORF7 was around 644 and 368 nucleotides, respectively. In sharp contrast to PRRSV1, where the RNA was not present in samples from 12-week-old animals, PRRSV2 viremia was detected in 60% of 12-week-old piglets. keywords: antibodies; porcine; prrsv1; russia; strain; syndrome; vaccine; virus cache: cord-295750-0gpyi4ii.txt plain text: cord-295750-0gpyi4ii.txt item: #135 of 243 id: cord-296736-jsm6o5pq author: Chidlow, Glenys R. title: An Economical Tandem Multiplex Real-Time PCR Technique for the Detection of a Comprehensive Range of Respiratory Pathogens date: 2009-06-08 words: 4138 flesch: 37 summary: The prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria in nasopharyngeal samples from healthy children and adults Detection of 11 common viral and bacterial pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia or sepsis in asymptomatic patients by using a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay with manual (enzyme hybridization) or automated (electronic microarray) detection Microbial interactions during upper respiratory tract infections Presence of the newly discovered human polyomaviruses KI and WU in Australian patients with acute respiratory tract infection No evidence for an association between infections with WU and KI polyomaviruses and respiratory disease Rapid multiplex nested PCR for detection of respiratory viruses Detection and typing by molecular techniques of respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection in Comparison of multiplex PCR assays and conventional techniques for the diagnostic of respiratory virus infections in children admitted to hospital with an acute respiratory illness Dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis Association of rhinovirus infection with increased disease severity in acute bronchiolitis Differential detection of rhinoviruses and enteroviruses RNA sequences associated with classical immunofluorescence assay detection of respiratory virus antigens in nasopharyngeal swabs from infants with bronchiolitis Highly effective detection of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 DNA by a testing algorithm combining broad-spectrum and typespecific PCR Rapid identification of nine microorganisms causing acute respiratory tract infections by single-tube multiplex reverse transcription-PCR: Feasibility study Simultaneous detection of fourteen respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by two multiplex reverse transcription nested-PCR assays RespiFinder: a new multiparameter test to differentially identify fifteen respiratory viruses High-throughput, sensitive, and accurate multiplex PCR-Microsphere flow cytometry system for large-scale comprehensive detection of respiratory viruses Multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of Influenza and human respiratory syncytial viruses Real-time RT-PCR detection of 12 respiratory viral infections in four triplex reactions Rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosis of infections by influenza A and influenza B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4 Clinical features and complete genome characterization of a distinct human rhinovirus (HRV) genetic cluster, probably representing a previously undetected HRV species, HRV-C, associated with acute respiratory illness in children A diverse group of previously unrecognized human rhinoviruses are common causes of respiratory illnesses in infants Utility of a multiplex PCR assay for detecting herpesvirus DNA in clinical samples Enhanced reverse transcription-PCR assay for detection of norovirus genogroup I A 5'-nuclease real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of a broad range of influenza A subtypes, including H5N1 Improved detection of rhinoviruses in nasal and throat swabs by seminested RT-PCR Polymerase chain reaction for human picornaviruses Multiple extracts from each sample have been required to set up a comprehensive range of PCR assays for respiratory pathogens, and the sample volume available may be insufficient for all of the required tests. keywords: assay; detection; human; multiplex; pathogens; pcr; samples; tandem; time cache: cord-296736-jsm6o5pq.txt plain text: cord-296736-jsm6o5pq.txt item: #136 of 243 id: cord-296819-gztmidn2 author: Sambri, Vittorio title: Diagnosis of West Nile Virus Human Infections: Overview and Proposal of Diagnostic Protocols Considering the Results of External Quality Assessment Studies date: 2013-09-25 words: 6733 flesch: 36 summary: West nile virus: Characteristics of an african virus adapting to the third millennium world West Nile virus West Nile virus: Immunity and pathogenesis West nile virus (Kunjin subtype) disease in the northern territory of Australia-A case of encephalitis and review of all reported cases Human case of autochthonous West Nile virus lineage 2 infection in Italy West Nile virus lineage 2 from blood donor Detection of West Nile virus lineage 2 in mosquitoes during a human outbreak in Greece Outbreak of West Nile virus infection in humans Novel flavivirus or new lineage of West Nile virus, central Nile virus isolates from India: evidence for a distinct genetic lineage Putative new lineage of west nile virus Rebel-Bauder, B.; Nowotny, N. Emergence of Usutu virus, an African mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group West Nile virus: Dengue virus infection in a traveller returning from Croatia to Germany Isolation of usutu virus in Germany Simultaneous detection and quantitation of Chikungunya, dengue and West Nile viruses by multiplex RT-PCR assays and dengue virus typing using high resolution melting Fast duplex one-step reverse transcriptase PCR for rapid differential detection of West Nile and Japanese encephalitis viruses Detection of West Nile virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tissues by RT-PCR: a useful adjunct to conventional tissue-based diagnostic methods Pathologic and immunohistochemical findings in naturally occuring West Nile virus infection in horses Detection of West Nile Virus infection in birds in the United States by blocking ELISA and immunohistochemistry keywords: detection; diagnosis; encephalitis; human; igm; infection; methods; nile; nile virus; pcr; virus; west; west nile; wnv cache: cord-296819-gztmidn2.txt plain text: cord-296819-gztmidn2.txt item: #137 of 243 id: cord-297092-oq14cwka author: Tan, Shaoyuan title: Characterization of Emerging Swine Viral Diseases through Oxford Nanopore Sequencing Using Senecavirus A as a Model date: 2020-10-07 words: 6986 flesch: 47 summary: SVA reads were extracted from total sequencing reads and analyzed. SVA reads were extracted from total sequencing reads and analyzed. keywords: consensus; drs; genome; pcs; reads; rna; samples; sequence; sequencing; sva; table; total; viral cache: cord-297092-oq14cwka.txt plain text: cord-297092-oq14cwka.txt item: #138 of 243 id: cord-297339-et2305rz author: Lauber, Chris title: Genetics-Based Classification of Filoviruses Calls for Expanded Sampling of Genomic Sequences date: 2012-08-31 words: 4482 flesch: 40 summary: They include the prediction of known and currently unknown genetic diversity in the family and the proposed genetic separation of members of virus species [2] . In this framework, researchers increasingly explore the usability of genetic sequences for virus classification. keywords: classification; clusters; demarc; family; ped; species; threshold; virus; viruses cache: cord-297339-et2305rz.txt plain text: cord-297339-et2305rz.txt item: #139 of 243 id: cord-297834-me1ajoyb author: Schountz, Tony title: Hantavirus Immunology of Rodent Reservoirs: Current Status and Future Directions date: 2014-03-14 words: 6426 flesch: 33 summary: In addition, antigen presenting cells isolated from Norway rats and infected with SEOV in vitro were resistant to stimulation, suggesting that virus infection inhibits the normal signaling activities of these cells [85] . Kinetics of immune responses in deer mice experimentally infected with Sin Nombre virus Experimental infection with Puumala virus, the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica, in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) Intraspecific transmission of Hantaan virus, etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever, in the rodent Apodemus agrarius Modes of Seoul virus infections: Persistency in newborn rats and transiency in adult rats High levels of cytokine-producing cells in the lung tissues of patients with fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome The pathogenesis of nephropathia epidemica: New knowledge and unanswered questions Seoul virus enhances regulatory and reduces proinflammatory responses in male Norway rats Regulatory T cells enhance persistence of the zoonotic pathogen Seoul virus in its reservoir host Seoul virus-infected rat lung endothelial cells and alveolar macrophages differ in their ability to support virus replication and induce regulatory T cell phenotypes A lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Maporal viral infection in the Syrian golden hamster: A model of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome The delicate pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys delicatus) is the principal host of Maporal virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus). keywords: antibodies; cells; deer; disease; expression; hantavirus; host; immune; infection; mice; reservoir; response; rodent; species; virus cache: cord-297834-me1ajoyb.txt plain text: cord-297834-me1ajoyb.txt item: #140 of 243 id: cord-300625-fvirvpyl author: Srinivasan, Suhas title: Structural Genomics of SARS-CoV-2 Indicates Evolutionary Conserved Functional Regions of Viral Proteins date: 2020-03-25 words: 5912 flesch: 32 summary: The SARS-CoV intra-viral interactome was created using the published data where the SARS-CoV ORFeome was cloned, and a genome-wide analysis of viral protein interactions was performed through yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) matrix screens [61] . Next, using comparative modeling, we structurally characterized protein interaction complexes for both intra-viral interactions (homo-and hetero-oligomers) and host-viral interactions, where the host proteins were exclusively human. keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov-2; host; human; interactions; protein; sars; sequence; sites; structure cache: cord-300625-fvirvpyl.txt plain text: cord-300625-fvirvpyl.txt item: #141 of 243 id: cord-301633-t8s4s0wo author: Gralinski, Lisa E. title: Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV date: 2020-01-24 words: 4001 flesch: 47 summary: Synthetic recombinant bat SARS-like coronavirus is infectious in cultured cells and in mice The S proteins of human coronavirus NL63 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus bind overlapping regions of ACE2 Bat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus WIV1 Encodes an Extra Accessory Protein, ORFX, Involved in Modulation of the Host Immune Response Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for lineage B β-coronaviruses, including 2019-nCoV Viruses and Koch's Postulates A mouse-adapted SARS-coronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Host species restriction of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus through its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Mouse dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is not a functional receptor for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques 15 Medical Staff in Wuhan Confirmed New Coronavirus Pneumonia, and Another Suspected Asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: Extent and implications for infection control: A systematic review The Role of Super-Spreaders in Infectious Disease Analysis of intrapatient heterogeneity uncovers the microevolution of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus No Snakes Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence SARS-like WIV1-CoV poised for human emergence Serological Evidence of Bat SARS-Related Coronavirus Infection in Humans Further Evidence for Bats as the Evolutionary Source of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Identification of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in a leaf-nosed bat in Nigeria Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Emergence of a Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: A descriptive study Risk Factors for Fatal Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections in Saudi Arabia: Analysis of the WHO Line List Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis of 11 nCoV2019 Genomes Genomic Epidemiology of Novel Coronavirus (nCoV) Using Data Generated by Fudan University, China CDC, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Thai National Institute of Health Shared via GISAID Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Jumping species-a mechanism for coronavirus persistence and survival keywords: 2019; cases; coronavirus; cov; health; human; mers; ncov; sars cache: cord-301633-t8s4s0wo.txt plain text: cord-301633-t8s4s0wo.txt item: #142 of 243 id: cord-301810-vtgdqart author: Aston, Emily J. title: Effect of Pullet Vaccination on Development and Longevity of Immunity date: 2019-02-02 words: 7122 flesch: 40 summary: Criteria for evaluation of experimental infections Evaluation of the protection elicited by direct and indirect exposure to live attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus vaccines against a recent challenge strain from the United States Infectious bronchitis virus subpopulations in vaccinated chickens after challenge Pathogenicity and growth characteristics of selected infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains from the United States Breadth of protection of the respiratory tract provided by different live-attenuated infectious bronchitis vaccines against challenge with infectious bronchitis viruses of heterologous serotypes The required sample size in vaccination-challenge experiments with infectious bronchitis virus, a meta-analysis Evaluating protection against infectious bronchitis virus by clinical signs, ciliostasis, challenge virus detection, and histopathology Virulence of infectious laryngotracheitis viruses: Comparison of modified-live vaccine viruses and North Carolina field isolates Development and evaluation of a real-time Taqman RT-PCR assay for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus from infected chickens Detection of a broad range of class I and II Newcastle disease viruses using a multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay Detection of infectious bronchitis virus with the use of real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR and correlation with virus detection in embryonated eggs Protection induced by infectious laryngotracheitis virus vaccines alone and combined with Newcastle disease virus and/or infectious bronchitis virus vaccines Optimization of a duplex real-time PCR method for relative quantitation of infectious laryngotracheitis virus Development and validation of a real-time Taqman PCR assay for the detection and quantitation of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in poultry Evaluation of infectious bronchitis virus Arkansas-type vaccine failure in commercial broilers Effect of vaccination on transmission characteristics of highly virulent Newcastle disease virus in experimentally infected chickens Latency and reactivation of infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine virus Effect of infection with a mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus on infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in chickens Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis virus from experimentally infected chickens Histopathology of two serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus in laying Hens vaccinated in the rearing phase Comparative histopathology of two serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (T and N1/88) in laying hens and cockerels Infectious bronchitis virus: Immunopathogenesis of infection in the chicken Lack of correlation between infectivity, serologic response and challenge results in immunization with an avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine Immunoglobulin A as an early humoral responder after mucosal avian coronavirus vaccination Ambient ammonia does not inhibit the immune response to infectious bronchitis virus vaccination and protection from homologous challenge in broiler chickens Newcastle disease, other avian paramyxoviruses, and pneumovirus infections Comparative studies on the infectivity of avian respiratory viruses for eggs, cell cultures and tracheal explants Alternative methods to compare safety of live-attenuated respiratory Newcastle disease vaccines in young chicks Evaluation of the effect of live LaSota Newcastle disease virus vaccine as primary immunization on immune development in broilers Rapid diagnosis of infectious laryngotracheitis using a monoclonal antibody-based immunoperoxidase procedure Diseases of Poultry Cultivation of various avian viruses in pheasant trachea organ cultures and chick embryos Studies on a serum neutralization test for the diagnosis of laryngotracheitis in chickens The authors declare no conflict of interest. With the knowledge that live vaccine viruses can persist in flocks, it has been unclear, until now whether the immunity induced by a live vaccines could be compromised because of viral interference, a phenomenon in which one replicating virus blocks the infection and/or replication of another virus [9, 10] . keywords: birds; challenge; controls; days; ibv; iltv; ndv; signs; titers; vaccination; vaccines; virus; woa cache: cord-301810-vtgdqart.txt plain text: cord-301810-vtgdqart.txt item: #143 of 243 id: cord-302716-wfla3l20 author: Popov, Vsevolod L. title: Electron Microscopy in Discovery of Novel and Emerging Viruses from the Collection of the World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses (WRCEVA) date: 2019-05-25 words: 5446 flesch: 40 summary: key: cord-302716-wfla3l20 authors: Popov, Vsevolod L.; Tesh, Robert B.; Weaver, Scott C.; Vasilakis, Nikos title: Electron Microscopy in Discovery of Novel and Emerging Viruses from the Collection of the World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses (WRCEVA) date: 2019-05-25 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v11050477 sha: doc_id: 302716 cord_uid: wfla3l20 Since the beginning of modern virology in the 1950s, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been an important and widely used technique for discovery, identification and characterization of new viruses. Since the beginning of modern virology in the 1950s, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been one of the most important and widely used techniques for identification and characterization of new viruses. keywords: cell; diameter; family; figure; genus; sections; surface; virions; virus; viruses cache: cord-302716-wfla3l20.txt plain text: cord-302716-wfla3l20.txt item: #144 of 243 id: cord-302953-gr2kk9w4 author: Baxter, Victoria K. title: Interferon-Gamma Modulation of the Local T Cell Response to Alphavirus Encephalomyelitis date: 2020-01-16 words: 10542 flesch: 45 summary: T cells were not different, but the percentage of CD8 + T cells producing granzyme B ( Figure 9N ) was lower in WT mice than mice with impaired IFN-γ signaling. CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and NK cells were examined for cytokine production during Phase 1 (5 and 7 DPI), Phase 2 (10 and 14 DPI), and Phase 3 (90 DPI) of infection. keywords: cd8; cells; dpi; figure; ifn; ifng; infection; mice; sinv; t cells; virus; wt mice; −/− cache: cord-302953-gr2kk9w4.txt plain text: cord-302953-gr2kk9w4.txt item: #145 of 243 id: cord-305857-2409me0p author: López-Roig, Marc title: Seroprevalence Dynamics of European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 in a Multispecies Bat Colony date: 2014-09-04 words: 3882 flesch: 45 summary: key: cord-305857-2409me0p authors: López-Roig, Marc; Bourhy, Hervé; Lavenir, Rachel; Serra-Cobo, Jordi title: Seroprevalence Dynamics of European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 in a Multispecies Bat Colony date: 2014-09-04 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v6093386 sha: doc_id: 305857 cord_uid: 2409me0p We report an active surveillance study of the occurrence of specific antibodies to European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 (EBLV-1) in bat species, scarcely studied hitherto, that share the same refuge. Currently, there are about 1200 recognized bat species worldwide, accounting for approximately 21% of all mammalian species. keywords: austriacus; bat; bats; colonies; eblv-1; seroprevalence; species; teniotis cache: cord-305857-2409me0p.txt plain text: cord-305857-2409me0p.txt item: #146 of 243 id: cord-306004-amv0los1 author: Widagdo, W. title: Host Determinants of MERS-CoV Transmission and Pathogenesis date: 2019-03-19 words: 4537 flesch: 42 summary: An epidemiological outbreak study Tropism of and innate immune responses to the novel human betacoronavirus lineage C virus in human ex vivo respiratory organ cultures Tropism and replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus from dromedary camels in the human respiratory tract: An in-vitro and ex-vivo study Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Findings of a Fatal Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in United Arab Emirates Emerging human middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes widespread infection and alveolar damage in human lungs Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus Viral Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Differential Expression of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor in the Upper Respiratory Tracts of Humans and Dromedary Camels Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Distribution in the Human Respiratory Tract: Implications for the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Replication and shedding of MERS-CoV in Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) Human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012-related viruses in bats MERS-related betacoronavirus in Vespertilio superans bats Group C betacoronavirus in bat guano fertilizer Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Like Bat Coronaviruses and Group H Rotavirus in Faeces of Korean Bats Rooting the phylogenetic tree of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus by characterization of a conspecific virus from an African bat Close relative of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bat Further Evidence for Bats as the Evolutionary Source of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Discovery of Novel Bat An outbreak investigation Human infection with MERS coronavirus after exposure to infected camels Zoonotic origin and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the UAE Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus quasispecies that include homologues of human isolates revealed through whole-genome analysis and virus cultured from dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia An orthopoxvirus-based vaccine reduces virus excretion after MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels Replication and shedding of MERS-CoV in upper respiratory tract of inoculated dromedary camels Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels Geographic distribution of MERS coronavirus among dromedary camels Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Identification of sialic acid-binding function for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-alpha treatment TMPRSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the airways of murine models after coronavirus infection An overview of their replication and pathogenesis keywords: coronavirus; cov; dpp4; east; host; infection; mers; middle; syndrome cache: cord-306004-amv0los1.txt plain text: cord-306004-amv0los1.txt item: #147 of 243 id: cord-307046-ko3bdvo0 author: Vasilakis, Nikos title: Exploiting the Legacy of the Arbovirus Hunters date: 2019-05-23 words: 17752 flesch: 39 summary: In contrast, current search methods for new viruses, which generally use metagenomics and other sophisticated genetic techniques to detect novel viral agents, do not usually yield live viruses, only their nucleotide sequences. New viruses, Tamdy (TAMV) and Burana (BURV), were isolated from Hyalomma spp. keywords: africa; analysis; arboviruses; australia; bats; central; characterization; colleagues; dengue; discovery; disease; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; epidemic; family; fever; fever virus; flavivirus; genome; genus; group; human; identification; infection; institute; isolation; laboratory; mosquitoes; new; ngs; novel; research; river; rna; sequence; south; species; studies; study; ticks; ussr; virus; viruses cache: cord-307046-ko3bdvo0.txt plain text: cord-307046-ko3bdvo0.txt item: #148 of 243 id: cord-307110-eiobmxp2 author: Zhao, Shan title: Serological Screening for Coronavirus Infections in Cats date: 2019-08-13 words: 6749 flesch: 52 summary: FCoV S1 domains of both type 1 and 2, namely S1 0-CD , were expressed as murine Fc fusion proteins in HEK-293T cells as described above. S1 S1 0 keywords: cats; coronavirus; cross; fcov; fcov type; feline; pedv; positive; reactivity; sera; specific; type cache: cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt plain text: cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt item: #149 of 243 id: cord-308201-lavcsqov author: Desforges, Marc title: Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? date: 2019-12-20 words: 8478 flesch: 27 summary: These criteria certainly represent a pertinent tool to evaluate the involvement of human respiratory viruses as a factor that could influence long-term human neurological diseases. Nevertheless, our data suggest that HCoV-OC43 may also invade the CNS from the external environment through other pathways involving other cranial peripheral nerves [269] , reminiscent of what was shown for other human respiratory viruses such as RSV and influenza virus [8] . keywords: acute; cns; coronavirus; diseases; encephalitis; hcov; human; infection; influenza; mice; oc43; patients; respiratory; syndrome; system; term; tract; viruses cache: cord-308201-lavcsqov.txt plain text: cord-308201-lavcsqov.txt item: #150 of 243 id: cord-309239-6lso1w0o author: Adney, Danielle R. title: Inoculation of Goats, Sheep, and Horses with MERS-CoV Does Not Result in Productive Viral Shedding date: 2016-08-19 words: 2991 flesch: 46 summary: Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus An orthopoxvirus-based vaccine reduces virus excretion after MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels MERS-CoV in upper respiratory tract and lungs of dromedary camels, Saudi Arabia Replication and shedding of MERS-CoV in upper respiratory tract of inoculated dromedary camels Rooting the phylogenetic tree of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus by characterization of a conspecific virus from an African bat Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bats, Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) origin and animal reservoir Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) serology in major livestock species in an affected region in Jordan Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus seroprevalence in domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia Serologic assessment of possibility for MERS-CoV infection in equids Risk factors for primary Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus illness in humans Replicative capacity of MERS coronavirus in livestock cell lines Host species restriction of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus through its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Receptor variation and susceptibility to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Infection, replication, and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Alpacas Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset Experimental infection and response to rechallenge of Alpacas with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus The goat kids were maintained at all times in a room with their mothers, who served as in-contact controls to test for virus transmission. keywords: cov; goats; mers; sheep; virus cache: cord-309239-6lso1w0o.txt plain text: cord-309239-6lso1w0o.txt item: #151 of 243 id: cord-309378-sfr1x0ob author: Röst, Gergely title: Early Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Hungary and Post-Lockdown Scenarios date: 2020-06-30 words: 10531 flesch: 51 summary: Benchmarking the CFR to other countries, we estimated underascertainment rate to be 10-20 times, and the true cumulative number of COVID-19 cases to be between 32,840 and 65,680. R Package Version 1.12.8 Shiny: Web Application Framework for R Real-Time Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Hungary (A Magyarországi Koronavírus jáRvány Valós Idejű Epidemiológiája-In Hungarian) Real-Time Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Hungary (A Magyarországi Koronavírus járváNy Valós Idejű A New Framework and Software to Estimate Time-Varying Reproduction Numbers During Epidemics Different Epidemic Curves for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Reveal Similar Impacts of Control Measures How Generation Intervals Shape the Relationship Between Growth Rates and Reproductive Numbers The Effective Reproduction Number of Pandemic Influenza: Prospective Estimation Association of Public Health Interventions With the Epidemiology of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Wuhan Effective Reproduction Number Estimation Estimating in real time the efficacy of measures to control emerging communicable diseases Serial Interval of COVID-19 Among Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Italy and estimates of the reproductive numbers one month into the epidemic Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections The R0 package: A toolbox to estimate reproduction numbers for epidemic outbreaks R0: Estimation of R0 and Real-Time Reproduction Number from Epidemics. keywords: age; cases; contact; control; covid-19; disease; epidemic; figure; model; number; peak; population; reproduction; time; transmission cache: cord-309378-sfr1x0ob.txt plain text: cord-309378-sfr1x0ob.txt item: #152 of 243 id: cord-309571-a0xu1d56 author: Aboughdir, Maryam title: Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Review date: 2020-05-11 words: 5692 flesch: 42 summary: Although COVID-19 patients present primarily with symptoms of respiratory disease and therefore follow a pneumonia-like treatment plan, it is essential that the cardiovascular system is not ignored and to recognise those presenting with early signs of acute myocardial injury. Additionally, Zhou et al. found that myocardial injury, defined by raised serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels, in COVID-19 patients was associated with over 50% mortality rate [12] . keywords: angiotensin; covid-19; ctni; injury; levels; mortality; patients; risk cache: cord-309571-a0xu1d56.txt plain text: cord-309571-a0xu1d56.txt item: #153 of 243 id: cord-309623-2ngr682l author: Han, Xiaoxiao title: Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection Induces Apoptosis during Replication in Chicken Macrophage HD11 Cells date: 2017-07-26 words: 5630 flesch: 43 summary: Cell apoptosis induced by virus may cause tissue damage, especially in the immune and nervous systems, suggesting that apoptosis is a pathogenic mechanism in virus-induced disease. The molecular and morphological variations in IBV-infected cells revealed that cell apoptosis was induced by IBV infection and appeared to activate caspase-8 by the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL)-mediated signaling pathway and to activate caspase-9 by the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family-mediated signaling pathway. keywords: activation; apoptosis; beaudette; caspase-8; cells; figure; hd11; ibv; infection; replication; virus cache: cord-309623-2ngr682l.txt plain text: cord-309623-2ngr682l.txt item: #154 of 243 id: cord-309635-1tgovkr7 author: Wu, Nicholas C. title: Structural Biology of Influenza Hemagglutinin: An Amaranthine Adventure date: 2020-09-22 words: 5518 flesch: 33 summary: A group 1 and 2 hemagglutinins through a further variation in V H 1-69 antibody orientation on the HA stem Rapid development of broadly influenza neutralizing antibodies through redundant mutations Molecular signatures of hemagglutinin stem-directed heterosubtypic human neutralizing antibodies against influenza A viruses Recurring and adaptable binding motifs in broadly neutralizing antibodies to influenza virus are encoded on the D3-9 segment of the Ig gene A highly conserved neutralizing epitope on group 2 influenza A viruses A common solution to group 2 influenza virus neutralization Vaccine-induced antibodies that neutralize group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses Structure and function analysis of an antibody recognizing all influenza A subtypes Preferential induction of cross-group influenza A hemagglutinin stem-specific memory B cells after H7N9 immunization in humans Convergent evolution in breadth of two V H 6-1-encoded influenza antibody clonotypes from a single donor Cross-neutralization of influenza A viruses mediated by a single antibody loop Receptor mimicry by antibody F045-092 facilitates universal binding to the H3 subtype of influenza virus Naturally occurring antibodies in humans can neutralize a variety of influenza virus strains, including H3, H1, H2, and H5 Memory B cells that cross-react with group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses are abundant in adult human repertoires Heterosubtypic antibody recognition of the influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding site enhanced by avidity Cross-protective potential of a novel monoclonal antibody directed against antigenic site B of the hemagglutinin of influenza A viruses Identification of antibodies targeting the H3N2 hemagglutinin receptor binding site following vaccination of humans Antibody recognition of the pandemic H1N1 Influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding site A broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that recognizes a conserved, novel epitope on the globular head of the influenza H1N1 virus hemagglutinin Human monoclonal antibodies to pandemic 1957 H2N2 and pandemic 1968 H3N2 influenza viruses Broadly neutralizing human antibody that recognizes the receptor-binding pocket of influenza virus hemagglutinin Preconfiguration of the antigen-binding site during affinity maturation of a broadly neutralizing influenza virus antibody H7N9 influenza virus neutralizing antibodies that possess few somatic mutations Fine antigenic variation within H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin's antigenic sites defined by yeast cell surface display Conserved neutralizing epitope at globular head of hemagglutinin in H3N2 influenza viruses Conserved epitope on influenza-virus hemagglutinin head defined by a vaccine-induced antibody Potent anti-influenza H7 human monoclonal antibody induces separation of hemagglutinin receptor-binding head domains A site of vulnerability on the influenza virus hemagglutinin head domain trimer interface Antibodies to a conserved influenza head interface epitope protect by an IgG subtype-dependent mechanism Influenza antigen engineering focuses immune responses to a subdominant but broadly protective viral epitope Direct visualization of the conformational dynamics of single influenza hemagglutinin trimers Inhibition of the fusion-inducing conformational change of influenza hemagglutinin by benzoquinones and hydroquinones Structure of influenza hemagglutinin in complex with an inhibitor of membrane fusion Characteristics of arbidol-resistant mutants of influenza virus: Implications for the mechanism of anti-influenza action of arbidol Design of inhibitors of influenza virus membrane fusion: Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and in vitro antiviral activity of a novel indole series Structural basis of influenza virus fusion inhibition by the antiviral drug Arbidol Structure-based optimization and synthesis of antiviral drug Arbidol analogues with significantly improved affinity to influenza hemagglutinin Computational design of proteins targeting the conserved stem region of influenza hemagglutinin Optimization of affinity, specificity and function of designed influenza inhibitors using deep sequencing Massively parallel de novo protein design for targeted therapeutics Computational design of trimeric influenza-neutralizing proteins targeting the hemagglutinin receptor binding site Potent peptidic fusion inhibitors of influenza virus A small-molecule fusion inhibitor of influenza virus is orally active in mice An influenza Four types of influenza virus, A, B, C, and D, are known. keywords: antibodies; antibody; binding; fusion; hemagglutinin; influenza; receptor; stem; structure; virus; viruses cache: cord-309635-1tgovkr7.txt plain text: cord-309635-1tgovkr7.txt item: #155 of 243 id: cord-309693-f2htekhz author: Yu, Meiling title: Immunogenicity of eGFP-Marked Recombinant Lactobacillus casei against Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus and Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus date: 2017-09-25 words: 6011 flesch: 38 summary: The proliferation of spleen lymphocytes upon stimulation with purified COE or 6D proteins was analyzed by an MTT assay. The The proliferation of spleen lymphocytes upon stimulation with purified COE or 6D proteins was analyzed by an MTT assay. keywords: coe; egfp-6d; f -t7g10; mice; pedv; protein; recombinant; rlppg; rlppg f; t7g10; tgev; vaccine cache: cord-309693-f2htekhz.txt plain text: cord-309693-f2htekhz.txt item: #156 of 243 id: cord-310255-aixq5mhf author: Charlton, Frank W. title: Ion Channels as Therapeutic Targets for Viral Infections: Further Discoveries and Future Perspectives date: 2020-08-03 words: 5356 flesch: 38 summary: It is now clear that host cell ion channels play an important role during viral infection at the cellular level, and as causative factors of disease states in infected tissues. key: cord-310255-aixq5mhf authors: Charlton, Frank W.; Pearson, Hayley M.; Hover, Samantha; Lippiat, Jon D.; Fontana, Juan; Barr, John N.; Mankouri, Jamel title: Ion Channels as Therapeutic Targets for Viral Infections: Further Discoveries and Future Perspectives date: 2020-08-03 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v12080844 sha: doc_id: 310255 cord_uid: aixq5mhf keywords: activity; cells; cftr; channels; drugs; entry; expression; host; infection; ion; replication; virus cache: cord-310255-aixq5mhf.txt plain text: cord-310255-aixq5mhf.txt item: #157 of 243 id: cord-310579-tnxokfwu author: Kim, Sung-Jae title: Molecular Characterization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Its New Genetic Classification Based on the Nucleocapsid Gene date: 2020-07-23 words: 4900 flesch: 49 summary: Virus estimated to have killed 7 million-plus pigs Distinct Characteristics and Complex Evolution of PEDV Strains Evolutionary and genotypic analyses of global porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains Emerging and re-emerging coronaviruses in pigs Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus: A comprehensive review of molecular epidemiology, diagnosis, and vaccines Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection: Etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and immunoprophylaxis The molecular biology of coronaviruses Coronavirus immunogens Identification of the membrane protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Cellular entry of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Neutralization of genotype 2 porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains by a novel monoclonal antibody Molecular characterization of a Korean porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain NB1 Molecular characterization of US-like and Asian non-S INDEL strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) that circulated in Japan during 2013-2016 and PEDVs collected from recurrent outbreaks Detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in central China based on the ORF3 gene and the S1 gene Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Antagonizes Beta Interferon Production by Sequestering the Interaction between IRF3 and TBK1 Molecular Characterizations of Subcellular Localization Signals in the Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus N protein prolongs S-phase cell cycle, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, and up-regulates interleukin-8 expression Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Deltacoronavirus in Korean Swine Farms Multiplex Reverse Transcription-PCR for Rapid Differential Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus, and Porcine Group a Rotavirus Phylogenetic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus field strains prevailing recently in China RDP4: Detection and analysis of recombination patterns in virus genomes 5: An advanced software platform for Bayesian evolutionary analysis Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees Bayesian phylogenetic site model averaging and model comparison Relaxed Phylogenetics and Dating with Confidence Bayesian random local clocks, or one rate to rule them all Bayesian Coalescent Inference of Past Population Dynamics from Molecular Sequences Posterior Summarization in Bayesian Phylogenetics Using Tracer 1.7 Improving the Accuracy of Demographic and Molecular Clock Model Comparison Based on branching patterns of PEDV strains, three main N gene-base genogroups (N1, N2, and N3) and two sub-genogroups (N3a, N3b) were proposed in this study. keywords: antigenic; diarrhea; epidemic; gene; genogroups; pedv; porcine; protein; strains; virus cache: cord-310579-tnxokfwu.txt plain text: cord-310579-tnxokfwu.txt item: #158 of 243 id: cord-310734-6v7oru2l author: Bolatti, Elisa M. title: A Preliminary Study of the Virome of the South American Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) and Identification of Two Novel Mammalian Viruses date: 2020-04-09 words: 8482 flesch: 37 summary: Ubiquitous Viruses With Small Genomes and a Diverse Host Range Determination of the origin cleavage and joining domain of geminivirus Rep proteins Identification of the nicking tyrosine of geminivirus Rep protein A single rep protein initiates replication of multiple genome components of faba bean necrotic yellows virus, a single-stranded DNA virus of plants Geminivirus replication proteins are related to prokaryotic plasmid rolling circle DNA replication initiator proteins Conserved sequence and structural motifs contribute to the DNA binding and cleavage activities of a geminivirus replication protein Functional analysis of a novel motif conserved across geminivirus Rep proteins A new superfamily of putative NTP-binding domains encoded by genomes of small DNA and RNA viruses A common set of conserved motifs in a vast variety of putative nucleic acid-dependent ATPases including MCM proteins involved in the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication The oligomeric Rep protein of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a likely replicative helicase DNA Helicase Activity Is Associated with the Replication Initiator Protein Rep of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Geminivirus Contaminating viral sequences in high-throughput sequencing viromics: A linkage study of 700 sequencing libraries Clinical Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen Detection Development and Optimization of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Methods for Cerebrospinal Fluid Diagnostics Quality control implementation for universal characterization of DNA and RNA viruses in clinical respiratory samples using single metagenomic next-generation sequencing workflow Metagenomic Analysis of Viruses from Bat Fecal Samples Reveals Many Novel Viruses in Insectivorous Bats in China Evaluation of rapid and simple techniques for the enrichment of viruses prior to metagenomic virus discovery Limited reverse transcriptase activity of phi29 DNA polymerase Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases High diversity of rabies viruses associated with insectivorous bats in Argentina: The analysis also identified (although in low counts) viral sequences related to the family Alloherpesviridae, which infects fish and amphibians. keywords: analysis; bat; bats; brasiliensis; contigs; dna; families; gene; genome; metagenomic; novel; pairs; protein; read; rep; samples; sequence; species; tbrapv1; viruses cache: cord-310734-6v7oru2l.txt plain text: cord-310734-6v7oru2l.txt item: #159 of 243 id: cord-311008-b7xjlqg3 author: Zapatero-Belinchón, Francisco J. title: Characterization of the Filovirus-Resistant Cell Line SH-SY5Y Reveals Redundant Role of Cell Surface Entry Factors date: 2019-03-19 words: 10388 flesch: 46 summary: However, all tested cell lines expressed functional intracellular factors. However, none of these factors seems to be essential for filoviral infection across cell lines. keywords: analysis; attachment; cell lines; cells; ebola; ebov; entry; expression; factors; figure; filovirus; hek293; host; human; infection; lines; proteins; specific; susceptibility; sy5y; sy5y cells; transduction; usa cache: cord-311008-b7xjlqg3.txt plain text: cord-311008-b7xjlqg3.txt item: #160 of 243 id: cord-311205-3uwiys4a author: Hung, Yu-Fu title: Amino Terminal Region of Dengue Virus NS4A Cytosolic Domain Binds to Highly Curved Liposomes date: 2015-07-21 words: 4616 flesch: 50 summary: Insertion of amphipathic helices into one leaflet of a membrane bilayer, as well as oligomerization of membrane proteins are among the mechanisms known to participate in the induction of membrane curvature [7] . CD spectra of NS4A(1-48) recorded in presence of either SDS micelles or small POPC liposomes are very similar [12] . keywords: acid; amino; binding; liposomes; membrane; ns4a(1; peptide; popc; region; residues; terminal cache: cord-311205-3uwiys4a.txt plain text: cord-311205-3uwiys4a.txt item: #161 of 243 id: cord-312001-8p7scli8 author: Majzoub, Karim title: The Innate Antiviral Response in Animals: An Evolutionary Perspective from Flagellates to Humans date: 2019-08-16 words: 10087 flesch: 37 summary: [corrected] gene induction by the interferon regulatory factor family of transcription factors Cutting edge: TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) 6 is essential for MyD88-dependent pathway but not toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-beta (TRIF)-dependent pathway in TLR signaling Interferon-alpha induction through Toll-like receptors involves a direct interaction of IRF7 with MyD88 and TRAF6 Helical assembly in the MyD88-IRAK4-IRAK2 complex in TLR/IL-1R signalling Protein kinase IKKbeta-catalyzed phosphorylation of IRF5 at Ser462 induces its dimerization and nuclear translocation in myeloid cells An oligomeric signaling platform formed by the Toll-like receptor signal transducers MyD88 and IRAK-4 IKKbeta is an IRF5 kinase that instigates inflammation Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 plays an essential role for Toll-like receptor (TLR)7-and TLR9-mediated interferon-{alpha} induction Structural basis of RNA recognition and activation by innate immune receptor RIG-I Structural basis for the activation of innate immune pattern-recognition receptor RIG-I by viral RNA MDA5 assembles into a polar helical filament on dsRNA Cooperative assembly and dynamic disassembly of MDA5 filaments for viral dsRNA recognition TRIM25 RING-finger E3 ubiquitin ligase is essential for RIG-I-mediated antiviral activity Ubiquitin-induced oligomerization of the RNA sensors RIG-I and MDA5 activates antiviral innate immune response Riplet/RNF135, a RING finger protein, ubiquitinates RIG-I to promote interferon-beta induction during the early phase of viral infection The ubiquitin ligase Riplet is essential for RIG-I-dependent innate immune responses to RNA virus infection IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I-and Mda5-mediated type I interferon induction Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-kappaB and IRF 3 Essential role of IPS-1 in innate immune responses against RNA viruses An autoinhibitory mechanism modulates MAVS activity in antiviral innate immune response MAVS forms functional prion-like aggregates to activate and propagate antiviral innate immune response Structural basis for the prion-like MAVS filaments in antiviral innate immunity MAVS recruits multiple ubiquitin E3 ligases to activate antiviral signaling cascades Activation of IKK by TNFalpha requires site-specific ubiquitination of RIP1 and polyubiquitin binding by NEMO Sensing of Lys 63-linked polyubiquitination by NEMO is a key event in NF-kappaB activation Key role of Ubc5 and lysine-63 polyubiquitination in viral activation of IRF3 STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling The adaptor protein MITA links virus-sensing receptors to IRF3 transcription factor activation STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic di-GMP Coordinated regulation of accessory genetic elements produces cyclic di-nucleotides for V. cholerae virulence MPYS is required for IFN response factor 3 activation and type A conserved Toll-like receptor-to-NF-kappaB signaling pathway in the endangered coral Orbicella faveolata Genomic insights into the immune system of the sea urchin Massively parallel RNA sequencing identifies a complex immune gene repertoire in the lophotrochozoan Mytilus edulis Massive expansion and functional divergence of innate immune genes in a protostome Teleost TLR22 recognizes RNA duplex to induce IFN and protect cells from birnaviruses Adaptive evolution of virus-sensing toll-like receptor 8 in bats The evolution of bat nucleic acid-sensing Toll-like receptors Immune system modulation and viral persistence in bats: Understanding viral spillover Origin and evolution of the RIG-I like RNA helicase gene family Characterization of the mollusc RIG-I/MAVS pathway reveals an archaic antiviral signalling framework in invertebrates Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) in fish: Current knowledge and future perspectives Chicken cells sense influenza A virus infection through MDA5 and CARDIF signaling involving LGP2 Association of RIG-I with innate immunity of ducks to influenza Genome of the Chinese tree shrew Loss of RIG-I leads to a functional replacement with MDA5 in the Chinese tree shrew The kinase IKKbeta regulates a STING-and NF-kappaB-dependent antiviral response pathway in Drosophila The Jak-STAT signaling pathway is required but not sufficient for the antiviral response of drosophila The RNA silencing endonuclease Argonaute 2 mediates specific antiviral immunity in Drosophila melanogaster Essential function in vivo for Dicer-2 in host defense against RNA viruses in drosophila Sensing viral RNAs by Dicer/RIG-I like ATPases across species The DExD/H-box helicase Dicer-2 mediates the induction of antiviral activity in drosophila Secreted Vago restricts West Nile virus infection in Culex mosquito cells by activating the Jak-STAT pathway Dicer-2-dependent activation of Culex Vago occurs via the TRAF-Rel2 signaling pathway Nucleic acid sensing in invertebrate antiviral immunity The RIG-I ATPase core has evolved a functional requirement for allosteric stabilization by the Pincer domain The selective footprints of viral pressures at the human RIG-I-like receptor family Evolution and functional impact of rare coding variation from deep sequencing of human exomes Cyclic di-nucleotide signaling enters the eukaryote domain Evolutionary origins of cGAS-STING signaling Toll signaling: The TIReless quest for specificity Analysis of Drosophila STING reveals an evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial function Modular architecture of the STING C-terminal tail allows interferon and NF-kappaB signaling adaptation Dampened STING-dependent interferon activation in bats Structure of human cGAS reveals a conserved family of second-messenger enzymes in innate immunity ] is the metazoan second messenger produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase Structural mechanism of cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS Overlapping patterns of rapid evolution in the nucleic acid sensors cGAS keywords: activation; antiviral; cells; cgas; dna; domain; evolution; ifn; immune; immunity; mda5; receptor; response; rig; rlrs; rna; sensing; signaling; species; sting; toll; viruses cache: cord-312001-8p7scli8.txt plain text: cord-312001-8p7scli8.txt item: #162 of 243 id: cord-312272-g4n426cm author: Matczuk, Anna Karolina title: Production of Recombinant EAV with Tagged Structural Protein Gp3 to Study Artervirus Minor Protein Localization in Infected Cells date: 2019-08-09 words: 8594 flesch: 50 summary: Proteomic approaches to uncovering virus-host protein interactions during the progression of viral infection Live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: Current status and future direction Nuclear localization of non-structural protein 1 and nucleocapsid protein of equine arteritis virus Quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum The two major envelope proteins of equine arteritis virus associate into disulfide-linked heterodimers Nucleocapsid-independent assembly of coronavirus-like particles by co-expression of viral envelope protein genes Incorporation of Spike and Membrane Glycoproteins into Coronavirus Virions Coronavirus M proteins accumulate in the Golgi complex beyond the site of virion budding Differential maturation and subcellular localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus surface proteins S Construction of Chimeric Arteriviruses Reveals That the Ectodomain of the Major Glycoprotein Is Not the Main Determinant of Equine Arteritis Virus Tropism in Cell Culture Coronavirus envelope (E) protein remains at the site of assembly Association of influenza virus proteins with membrane rafts Lateral Organization of Influenza Virus Proteins in the Budozone Region of the Plasma Membrane We would like to thank Eric Snijder (University of Leiden) for providing the anti-E antibody. Full length clones pEAV211, pEAV211s3/4, and pEAV211Gp3-HA were linearized using XhoI and in vitro-transcribed using AmpliCap-Max T7 High Yield Message Maker Kit (Cellscript, Madison, WI, USA), and 6 µg RNA was then introduced into the BHK-21 cells suspended in PBS using the Gene Pulser Xcell electroporation apparatus and electroporation cuvettes with a 4-mm electrode gap (Bio-Rad, Warszawa, Poland). keywords: anti; antibodies; bhk-21; cells; eav; figure; gp3; localization; poland; protein; tag; virus cache: cord-312272-g4n426cm.txt plain text: cord-312272-g4n426cm.txt item: #163 of 243 id: cord-313161-07iwwsfz author: Lundstrom, Kenneth title: Alphavirus-Based Vaccines date: 2014-06-16 words: 6857 flesch: 24 summary: Treatment efficacy and evidence for immunoediting in a stringent rat mammary tumor model Alphaviral vector-transduced dendritic cells are successful therapeutic vaccines against neu-overexpressing tumors in wild-type mice Immunization strategy against cervical cancer involving an alphavirus vector expressing high levels of a stable fusion protein of human papillomavirus 16 E6 and E7 Superior therapeutic efficacy of alphavirus-mediated immunization against human papilloma virus type 16 antigens in a murine tumour model: Effects of the route of immunization Sindbis virus replicon particles encoding calreticulin linked to a tumor antigen generate long-term tumor-specific immunity Eradication of established tumors by vaccination with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles delivering human papillomavirus 16 E7 RNA Augmentation of alphavirus vector-induced human papilloma virus-specific immune and anti-tumour responses by coexpression of interleukin-12 Cancer immunotherapy using Sindbis virus replicon particles encoding a VP22-antigen fusion Treatment of rapidly growing K-BALB and CT26 mouse tumours using Semliki Forest virus and its derived vector Inhibition of angiogenesis by a Semliki Forest virus vector expressing VEGFR-2 reduces tumour growth and metastasis in mice Induction of a therapeutic antitumor immunological response by intratumoral injection of genetically engineered Semliki Forest virus to produce interleukin-12 Biology and application of alphaviruses in gene therapy Immunotherapeutic synergy between anti-CD137 mAb and intratumoral administration of a cytopathic Semliki Forest virus encoding IL-12 Immunization against MUC18/MCAM, a novel antigen that drives melanoma invasion and metastasis An alphavirus vector overcomes the presence of neutralizing antibodies and elevated numbers of Tregs to induce immune responses in humans with advanced cancer A phase I dose escalation trial of vaccine replicon particles (VRP) expressing prostatespecific membrane antigen (PSMA) in subjects with prostate cancer A novel alphavirus vaccine encoding prostate-specific membrane antigen elicits potent cellular and humoral immune responses In vivo effects of vaccination with six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate: A candidate antigen for treating prostate cancer Prostate stem cell antigen vaccination induces a long-term protective immune response against prostate cancer in the absence of autoimmunity Immunotherapy with recombinant SFV-replicons expressing the P815A tumor antigen or IL-12 induces tumor regression Innovative cancer vaccine strategies based on the identification of tumour-associated antigens Induction of P815 tumor immunity by recombinant Semliki Forest virus expressing the P1A gene Enhancement of tumorspecific immune response with plasmid DNA replicon vectors Genetic immunization against cervical carcinoma: induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity with a recombinant alphavirus vector expressing human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 Enhancement of sindbis virus self-replicating RNA vaccine potency by targeting antigen to endosomal/lysosomal compartments Establishment of an HLA-A*0201 human papillomavirus type 16 tumor model to determine the efficacy of vaccination strategies in HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice Antitumor efficacy of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles encoding mutated HPV16 E6 and E7 genes Induction of an antitumor immunological response by an intratumoral injection of dendritic cells pulsed with genetically engineered Semliki Forest virus to produce interleukin-18 combined with the systemic administration of interleukin-12 An immunological profile of Balb/c mice protected from airborne challenge following vaccination with a live attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine Improved mucosal protection against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is induced by the molecularly defined, live-attenuated V3526 vaccine candidate Recombinant chimeric western and eastern equine encephalitis viruses as potential vaccine candidates Phase II safety and immunogenicity study of live chikungunya virus vaccine TSI-GSD-218 A DNA vaccine against chikungunya virus is protective in mice and induces neutralizing antibodies in mice and nonhuman primates Design of chimeric alphaviruses with a programmed, attenuated, cell type-restricted phenotype Development of a stable virus-like particle vaccine formulation against Chikungunya virus and investigation of the effects of polyanions RNA interference mediated inhibition of Chikungunya virus replication in mammalian cells In vitro and in vivo characterization of microRNAtargeted alphavirus replicon and helper RNAs Role for mucosal immune responses and cell-mediated immune functions in protection from airborne challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge in nonhuman primates Transmission potential of two chimeric Chikungunya vaccine candidates in the urban mosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus Artificial microRNAs can effectively inhibit replication of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Nanopatch-targeted skin vaccination against West Nile Virus and Chikungunya virus in mice Semliki Forest virus expression system: Production of conditionally infectious recombinant particles In another study, DNA vaccines based on the SAV E1 and E2 spike proteins were compared to whole virus vaccine in Atlantic salmon [65] . keywords: alphavirus; dna; expression; immunization; mice; particles; protection; replicon; sfv; tumor; vaccination; vaccine; vectors; vee; virus cache: cord-313161-07iwwsfz.txt plain text: cord-313161-07iwwsfz.txt item: #164 of 243 id: cord-313312-h607itv2 author: Mok, Darren Z. L. title: The Effects of Pre-Existing Antibodies on Live-Attenuated Viral Vaccines date: 2020-05-08 words: 7429 flesch: 25 summary: Consistent with the notion that sub-neutralizing cross-reactive antibodies can promote viral infection, the presence of pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies can also increase the immunogenicity of flaviviral LAVs. In situations where pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies are unable to inhibit viral fusion processes intracellularly, high concentrations of antibodies may enable the formation of viral immune aggregates that influence the types of FcγRs engaged. keywords: antibodies; antibody; cell; cross; efficacy; immune; immunity; infection; influenza; measles; pre; responses; vaccine; virus cache: cord-313312-h607itv2.txt plain text: cord-313312-h607itv2.txt item: #165 of 243 id: cord-313439-cadyykks author: Felten, Sandra title: Diagnosis of Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Review of the Current Literature date: 2019-11-15 words: 12473 flesch: 40 summary: Pathogenesis of feline enteric coronavirus infection Common virus infections in cats, before and after being placed in shelters, with emphasis on feline enteric coronavirus Pathogenic characteristics of persistent feline enteric coronavirus infection in cats Feline infectious peritonitis viruses arise by mutation from endemic feline enteric coronaviruses Infection studies in kittens, using feline infectious peritonitis virus propagated in cell culture An enteric coronavirus infection of cats and its relationship to feline infectious peritonitis Clinical and laboratory features of cats with feline infectious peritonitis-a retrospective study of 231 confirmed cases (2000-2010) Prevalence of feline infectious peritonitis in specific cat breeds Epidemiology of feline infectious peritonitis among cats examined at veterinary medical teaching hospitals The inheritance of susceptibility to feline infectious peritonitis in purebred catteries Performances of different diagnostic tests for feline infectious peritonitis in challenging clinical cases A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963-2008 Feline infectious peritonitis: Still an enigma? Immunologic phenomena in the effusive form of feline infectious peritonitis Levels of feline infectious peritonitis virus in blood, effusions, and various tissues and the role of lymphopenia in disease outcome following experimental infection Experimental feline enteric coronavirus infection reveals an aberrant infection pattern and shedding of mutants with impaired infectivity in enterocyte cultures Cats inoculated with feline infectious peritonitis virus exhibit a biphasic acute phase plasma protein response Serologic studies of naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis Feline coronavirus antibodies in cats Utility of feline coronavirus antibody tests Seroepidemiology of feline infectious peritonitis virus infections using transmissible gastroenteritis virus as antigen Feline infectious peritonitis: A worldwide serosurvey Feline coronavirus serotypes 1 and 2: Seroprevalence and association with disease in switzerland Evaluation of an in-practice test for feline coronavirus antibodies Comparison of serologic techniques for the detection of antibodies against feline coronaviruses The history and interpretation of feline coronavirus serology A. Cats and coronaviruses Long-term impact on a closed household of pet cats of natural infection with feline coronavirus, feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus A study of naturally occurring feline coronavirus infections in kittens Risk of feline infectious peritonitis in cats naturally infected with feline coronavirus Coronavirus serology in healthy pedigree cats keywords: cats; coronavirus; detection; diagnosis; effusion; fcov; feline; fip; gene; mutations; pcr; peritonitis; samples; study cache: cord-313439-cadyykks.txt plain text: cord-313439-cadyykks.txt item: #166 of 243 id: cord-314340-ltx4w9zh author: Zhu, Liqian title: The Involvement of Histone H3 Acetylation in Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Replication in MDBK Cells date: 2018-09-27 words: 6033 flesch: 38 summary: Indeed, 5 µM of AA treatment could inhibit histone H3 acetylation as demonstrated by the reduced levels of H3K9ac relative to the control, but AA increased the levels of H3K9ac in the context of virus infection in comparison to the mock treated but infected cells ( Figure 3E ,F). In view that the proteasome inhibitors of both MG132 and bortezomib could rescue the depletion of H3K9ac (a marker for histone H3 acetylation) attributed to virus infection, we investigated whether H3K9ac was ubiquitinated in the cells with or without infection by IP assay. keywords: acetylation; bohv-1; cells; control; expression; figure; histone; infection; protein; virus cache: cord-314340-ltx4w9zh.txt plain text: cord-314340-ltx4w9zh.txt item: #167 of 243 id: cord-314505-7qh8dsew author: Stegelmeier, Ashley A. title: Myeloid Cells during Viral Infections and Inflammation date: 2019-02-19 words: 12544 flesch: 31 summary: Immune response and pathogenesis Cytokine-dependent but acquired immunity-independent arthritis caused by DNA escaped from degradation Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Identification of host genes leading to West Nile virus encephalitis in mice brain using RNA-seq analysis Progression of whole-blood transcriptional signatures from interferon-induced to neutrophil-associated patterns in severe influenza Nlrp12 mediates adverse neutrophil recruitment during influenza virus infection Effects of serum amyloid protein a on influenza a virus replication and viral interactions with neutrophils The role of neutrophils during mild and severe influenza virus infections of mice Induction of ifn-beta and the innate antiviral response in myeloid cells occurs through an IPS-1-dependent signal that does not require IRF-3 and IRF-7 Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Dysregulated type I interferon and inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses cause lethal pneumonia in SARS-CoV-infected mice Functional interplay between type I and II interferons is essential to limit influenza A virus-induced tissue inflammation Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced activation of myeloid dendritic cells: The roles of virus cell interaction and paracrine type I IFN secretion dengue and yellow fever viruses induce differential anti-viral immune responses in human monocytic and first trimester trophoblast cells Differential ability of pandemic and seasonal H1N1 influenzaa viruses to alter the function of human neutrophils Characterization of the antiviral effects of interferon-alpha against a SARS-like coronoavirus infection in vitro Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte and monocyte to lymphocyte ratios in the diagnosis of bacterial infection in patients with fever i interferon receptor signaling to activate NK cells via IL-18 during a mucosal viral infection Distinct roles of IL-12 and IL-15 in human natural killer cell activation by dendritic cells from secondary lymphoid organs Human neutrophils produce interferon gamma upon stimulation by interleukin-12 Human neutrophils interact with both 6-sulfo LacNAc+ DC and NK cells to amplify NK-derived IFN{gamma}: role of CD18, ICAM-1, and ICAM-3 A proinflammatory role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine immune-mediated hepatitis Recent advances on the crosstalk between neutrophils and B or T lymphocytes Mouse neutrophils are professional antigen-presenting cells programmed to instruct TH1 and TH17 T-cell differentiation Neutrophils efficiently cross-prime naive T cells in vivo Neutrophils mediate immune modulation of dendritic cells through glycosylation-dependent interactions between Mac-1 and DC-SIGN Neutrophils influence the level of antigen presentation during the immune response to protein antigens in adjuvants A subset of neutrophils in human systemic inflammation inhibits T cell responses through MAC-1 Neutrophil-mediated suppression of influenza-induced pathology requires CD11B/CD18 (MAC-1) Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits neutrophil apoptosis, leading to delayed activation of naive CD4 T cells Dendritic cell uptake of human apoptotic and necrotic neutrophils inhibits CD40, CD80, and CD86 expression and reduces allogeneic T cell responses: Relevance to systemic vasculitis Lung neutrophils facilitate activation of naive antigen-specific CD4+ T cells during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Inflammatory monocytes facilitate adaptive CD4 T cell responses during respiratory fungal infection Blood-derived inflammatory dendritic cells in lymph nodes stimulate acute T helper type 1 immune responses Modulation of myelopoiesis progenitors is an integral component of trained immunity Trained immunity: A program of innate immune memory in health and disease Antiviral actions of interferons Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis The conserved coronavirus macrodomain promotes virulence and suppresses the innate immune response during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Ebola virus binding to TIM-1 on T lymphocytes induces a cytokine storm Fatal outcome of human influenza A (H5N1) is associated with high viral load and hypercytokinemia Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: keywords: activation; bone; cells; cytokines; human; ifn; immune; infections; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; marrow; monocytes; myeloid; neutrophils; production; responses; signaling; tissue; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-314505-7qh8dsew.txt plain text: cord-314505-7qh8dsew.txt item: #168 of 243 id: cord-314891-brgtwxhe author: Fumian, Tulio M. title: Potential Therapeutic Agents for Feline Calicivirus Infection date: 2018-08-16 words: 5496 flesch: 37 summary: In addition to the polymerase inhibition assay, using the purified FCV Pro-Pol, we also described a FRET protease assay for high throughput screening of FCV protease inhibitors. Of the six NNI compounds tested in the current study, PPNDS and quercetagetin showed an inhibition of FCV RdRp activity with IC 50 values in the low micromolar range (Figure 2 and Table 1 ). keywords: activity; antiviral; calicivirus; cell; fcv; feline; inhibition; nitazoxanide; norovirus; polymerase; protease; rna cache: cord-314891-brgtwxhe.txt plain text: cord-314891-brgtwxhe.txt item: #169 of 243 id: cord-315164-nidgnvvi author: Medkour, Hacène title: Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission date: 2020-06-18 words: 6822 flesch: 55 summary: A comprehensive study of more than 45,000 routine PCR tests Pring-Åkerblom, P. Rapid and quantitative detection of human adenovirus DNA by real-time PCR SPAdes: A new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing Trimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data A tiling path-based gap closer that uses long reads to complete genome assembly Combining de novo and reference-guided assembly with scaffold _ builder Protein database searches for multiple alignments Basic local alignment search tool Host Immune Responses to Chronic Adenovirus Infections in Human and Nonhuman Primates Adenovirus and herpesvirus diversity in free-ranging great apes in the Sangha region of the Republic of Congo Multiple cross-species transmission events of human adenoviruses (HAdV) during hominine evolution Molecular epidemiological study of adenovirus infecting western lowland gorillas and humans in and around Moukalaba-Doudou National Park (Gabon) Chimpanzee adenovirus antibodies in humans, sub-Saharan Africa Adenovirus infection in savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Issa Valley Adenoviruses isolated from wild gorillas are closely related to human species C viruses All great ape samples were stored in absolute alcohol, and fresh samples and human samples were first stored at −20 • C before being sent from the Republic of Congo to France for analysis. keywords: adenoviruses; advs; chimpanzees; dna; gorillas; hadv; human; members; nhps; samples; sequences; species; study cache: cord-315164-nidgnvvi.txt plain text: cord-315164-nidgnvvi.txt item: #170 of 243 id: cord-317026-9zgc6xrb author: Zhao, Shan title: Development and Validation of a S1 Protein-Based ELISA for the Specific Detection of Antibodies against Equine Coronavirus date: 2019-11-30 words: 6244 flesch: 50 summary: To confirm the presence of ECoV specific IgG in Icelandic horses, 24 horse sera with positive ECoV S1 ELISA results (in panel H, S/P value > 0.5) were tested in ECoV neutralization assays. To confirm the presence of ECoV specific IgG in Icelandic horses, 24 horse sera with positive ECoV S1 ELISA results (in panel H, S/P value > 0.5) were tested in ECoV neutralization assays. keywords: coronavirus; ecov; elisa; equine; horses; samples; sera; serum; values; vnt cache: cord-317026-9zgc6xrb.txt plain text: cord-317026-9zgc6xrb.txt item: #171 of 243 id: cord-317037-1qydcc5e author: Kumar, Asit title: Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Replication and Pathogenesis and Their Potential Role in Therapeutic Intervention date: 2020-08-13 words: 9424 flesch: 28 summary: Notably, EVs can enhance viral infection by: (1) mediating transfer of chemokine co-receptors or cell surface proteins to null-target cells that do not express endogenous viral co-receptors; (2) helping viruses to evade the host immune system; (3) transferring of viral components (viral proteins and RNAs) to recipient cells, which induce cytotoxic effects on infected cells, leading to progressive loss of immune cells resulting from the apoptosis of uninfected bystander cells. Notably, EVs can enhance viral infection by: (1) mediating transfer of chemokine co-receptors or cell surface proteins to null-target cells that do not express endogenous viral co-receptors; (2) helping viruses to evade the host immune system; (3) transferring of viral components (viral proteins and RNAs) to recipient cells, which induce cytotoxic effects on infected cells, leading to progressive loss of immune cells resulting from the apoptosis of uninfected bystander cells. keywords: cells; delivery; drug; evs; exosomes; extracellular; hiv; human; immune; infected; infection; isolation; membrane; plasma; proteins; replication; rna; sars; size; vesicles; virus; viruses cache: cord-317037-1qydcc5e.txt plain text: cord-317037-1qydcc5e.txt item: #172 of 243 id: cord-317496-6o2upns3 author: Pascual-Iglesias, Alejandro title: Recombinant Chimeric Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV)—Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) Virus Provides Protection against Virulent PEDV date: 2019-07-25 words: 7128 flesch: 43 summary: The ELISA values of the sera were expressed as sample to positive ratio [SP-ratio = (OD of sample − OD of negative control)/(OD of positive control − OD of negative control)]. Heat-inactivated sera were incubated for 1 h at 37 • C in the presence of 100 pfus of PEDV virus in DMEM containing 5% FCS. These viruses required trypsin to efficiently infect Vero cells, and form syncytia, similarly to PEDV virus. keywords: animals; challenge; diarrhea; epidemic; figure; piglets; porcine; protein; rtgev; spedv; spedv virus; vaccine; virus cache: cord-317496-6o2upns3.txt plain text: cord-317496-6o2upns3.txt item: #173 of 243 id: cord-317587-rrx2r4n2 author: Fan, Wensheng title: Genetic Analysis of Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Yellow Chickens in Southern China over the Past Decade: Revealing the Changes of Genetic Diversity, Dominant Genotypes, and Selection Pressure date: 2019-09-26 words: 9303 flesch: 52 summary: The mean substitution rates for the S1, E, M, and N genes of the epidemic isolates during 1985-2017 were calculated to be 4.6 × 10 −3 , 4.3 × 10 −3 , 3.9 × 10 −3 , and 3.7 × 10 −3 substitutions/site/year (s/s/y), respectively ( Table 5 ), indicating that S1 gene is the most easily mutated and N gene is the most stable among the four structural genes. It is known that S1 genes had the largest variation, but the mutation of E gene has not been paid enough attention. keywords: bronchitis; china; genes; ibv; isolates; lx4; new; strains; type; vaccine; virus cache: cord-317587-rrx2r4n2.txt plain text: cord-317587-rrx2r4n2.txt item: #174 of 243 id: cord-317715-xtsi663k author: Ortiz-Riaño, Emilio title: D471G Mutation in LCMV-NP Affects its Ability to Self-associate and Results in a Dominant Negative Effect in Viral RNA Synthesis date: 2012-10-16 words: 9191 flesch: 46 summary: Puromycin resistant clones were screened for NP expression by immunofluorescence and WB using a polyclonal antibody against the HA epitope (Sigma H6908). At 48 hpt, cell lysates were prepared and analyzed for NP expression levels by WB using an anti-HA antibody (A). keywords: cells; d471; expression; figure; gfp; interaction; lcmv; mutant; protein; rna; virus cache: cord-317715-xtsi663k.txt plain text: cord-317715-xtsi663k.txt item: #175 of 243 id: cord-320015-lbr2q4qh author: Chinchar, V. Gregory title: The Molecular Biology of Frog Virus 3 and other Iridoviruses Infecting Cold-Blooded Vertebrates date: 2011-10-20 words: 9150 flesch: 36 summary: However, because the absence of a full-sized vIF-2α gene in FV3 does not adversely affect viral protein synthesis, other viral proteins may also play roles in maintaining viral protein synthesis in infected cells. As progressively larger amounts of viral proteins bind the membrane scaffold, crescent-shaped structures that resemble icosahedral vertices are formed. keywords: 18k; cells; dna; expression; frog; fv3; gene; host; infection; iridovirus; mutants; protein; ranavirus; replication; synthesis; vif-2α; virion; virus; viruses cache: cord-320015-lbr2q4qh.txt plain text: cord-320015-lbr2q4qh.txt item: #176 of 243 id: cord-320212-fw51w4nm author: Friedman, Stephanie D. title: Genomic Sequences of two Novel Levivirus Single-Stranded RNA Coliphages (Family Leviviridae): Evidence for Recombinationin Environmental Strains date: 2012-09-13 words: 5367 flesch: 46 summary: The first indication of RNA recombination in a male-specific FRNA phage was the report of small, non homologous, recombinant RNA molecules produced from a purified template-free Qβ replicase molecule A final report submitted to the NOAA/UNH Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology (CICEET) Evaluation of RT-PCR and reverse line blot hybridization for detection and genotyping F+ RNA coliphages from estuarine waters and molluscan shellfish RNA recombination in animal and plant viruses Evidence of structural genomic region recombination in Hepatitis C virus Phylogenetic analysis of turkey astroviruses reveals evidence of recombination Phylogenetic evidence for recombination in Dengue virus Evidence for frequent recombination within species Human Enterovirus B based on complete genomic sequences of all thirty-seven serotypes Random nature of coronavirus RNA recombination in the absence of selection pressure Natural genetic recombination between co-circulating heterotypic enteroviruses Molecular characterization of a novel recombinant strain of human astrovirus associated with gastroenteritis in children Characterization of a novel human calicivirus that may be a naturally occurring recombinant Detection and genetic differentiation of human astroviruses: Phylogenetic grouping varies by coding region Genetic recombination with Newcastle disease virus, polioviruses, and influenza Genetic recombination with poliovirus type 1 studies of crosses between a normal horse serum-resistant mutant and several guanidine-resistant mutants of the same strain Outbreak of poliomyelitis in Hispaniola associated with circulating type 1 vaccine-derived poliovirus RB-finder: An improved distance-based sliding window method to detect recombination breakpoints Sequence variation among group III F-specific RNA coliphages from water samples and swine lagoons BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT Evolution of Protein Molecules Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype c-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination Recombination analysis tool (RAT): A program for the high-throughput detection of recombination RDP2: Recombination detection and analysis from sequence alignments Recombination analysis using cost optimization This research was funded, in part, through EPA's New England Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE). keywords: acid; amino; dl52; genogroup; nucleotide; recombination; replicase; rna; sequences; strains cache: cord-320212-fw51w4nm.txt plain text: cord-320212-fw51w4nm.txt item: #177 of 243 id: cord-320921-eumuid3r author: Widagdo, W. title: Lack of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission in Rabbits date: 2019-04-24 words: 4834 flesch: 47 summary: Using immunohistochemistry, we analyzed the DPP4 expression in rabbit respiratory tract tissues. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Isolation of MERS coronavirus from a dromedary camel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Geographic distribution of MERS coronavirus among dromedary camels Zoonotic origin and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the UAE Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: An outbreak investigation Reported Direct and Indirect Contact with Dromedary Camels among Laboratory-Confirmed MERS-CoV Cases Replication and shedding of MERS-CoV in Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) Experimental Infection and Response to Rechallenge of Alpacas with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus specific antibodies in naturally exposed Israeli llamas, alpacas and camels Infection, Replication, and Transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Alpacas Asymptomatic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in rabbits Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets New case-Qatari Supreme Council of Health Pathogenesis and transmission of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus in ferrets Differential Expression of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor in the Upper Respiratory Tracts of Humans and Dromedary Camels Prophylaxis With a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-Specific Human Monoclonal Antibody Protects Rabbits From MERS-CoV Infection Enhanced inflammation in New Zealand white rabbits when MERS-CoV reinfection occurs in the absence of neutralizing antibody Deletion Variants of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from Humans Epidemiology of a Novel Recombinant Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Humans in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: keywords: cov; mers; nasal; rabbits; swabs; transmission; viral; virus cache: cord-320921-eumuid3r.txt plain text: cord-320921-eumuid3r.txt item: #178 of 243 id: cord-321013-8pkrg0mx author: McBride, Ruth title: The Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Is a Multifunctional Protein date: 2014-08-07 words: 10773 flesch: 40 summary: IBV N protein contains a functional nuclear export signal (NES) to traffic N protein to the cytoplasm [68, 71] , and an 8 amino acid NoRS motif at its NTD and is necessary and sufficient for nucleolar retention [68] . It has been proposed that the flexible, positively charged finger-like β-hairpin extension in the NTD of both IBV and SARS-CoV N protein is able to grasp RNA by neutralizing its phosphate groups, while the base moieties can make contact with exposed aromatic residues from the hydrophobic palm [16, 21] . keywords: assembly; binding; cell; coronavirus; cov; cov n; ctd; domain; interaction; localization; mhv; n protein; nucleocapsid; protein; residues; rna; sars; structure cache: cord-321013-8pkrg0mx.txt plain text: cord-321013-8pkrg0mx.txt item: #179 of 243 id: cord-321080-pgxxkfc0 author: Wang, Cong title: Combining a Fusion Inhibitory Peptide Targeting the MERS-CoV S2 Protein HR1 Domain and a Neutralizing Antibody Specific for the S1 Protein Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) Showed Potent Synergism against Pseudotyped MERS-CoV with or without Mutations in RBD date: 2019-01-06 words: 4578 flesch: 40 summary: However, we herein report that the combination of m336 and HR2P-M2 exhibited potent synergism in inhibiting MERS-CoV S protein-mediated cell–cell fusion and infection by MERS-CoV pseudoviruses with or without mutations in the RBD, resulting in the enhancement of antiviral activity in contrast to either one administered alone. In the present study, the sensitivity of pseudotyped MERS-CoV strains with key mutations in RBD, as identified in some MERS-CoV mutants isolated during the 2012-2015 outbreaks [17] , including D509G, D510G, Q522H, and I529T, along with wild-type MERS-CoV, was compared between the inhibitory activity of HR2P-M2 peptide alone and m336 neutralizing mAb alone. keywords: cell; combination; cov; hr2p; m336; mers; protein cache: cord-321080-pgxxkfc0.txt plain text: cord-321080-pgxxkfc0.txt item: #180 of 243 id: cord-321441-t1v0pu0w author: Yang, Yiming title: Polycistronic Genome Segment Evolution and Gain and Loss of FAST Protein Function during Fusogenic Orthoreovirus Speciation date: 2020-06-29 words: 8668 flesch: 34 summary: The reovirus fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins: Virus-encoded cellular fusogens Unusual topological arrangement of structural motifs in the baboon reovirus fusion-associated small transmembrane protein Myristoylation, a protruding loop, and structural plasticity are essential features of a nonenveloped virus fusion peptide motif Palmitoylation, membrane-proximal basic residues, and transmembrane glycine residues in the reovirus p10 protein are essential for syncytium formation Structural and functional properties of an unusual internal fusion peptide in a nonenveloped virus membrane fusion protein Cell-cell membrane fusion induced by p15 fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) protein requires a novel fusion peptide motif containing a myristoylated polyproline type II helix Reptilian reovirus utilizes a small type III protein with an external myristylated amino terminus to mediate cell-cell fusion Reovirus FAST protein transmembrane domains function in a modular, primary sequence-independent manner to mediate cell-cell membrane fusion Helix-destabilizing, beta-branched, and polar residues in the baboon reovirus p15 transmembrane domain influence the modularity of FAST proteins A novel tribasic Golgi export signal directs cargo protein interaction with activated Rab11 and AP-1-dependent Golgi-plasma membrane trafficking Golgi complex-plasma membrane trafficking directed by an autonomous, tribasic Golgi export signal Reovirus FAST Proteins Drive Pore Formation and Syncytiogenesis Using a Novel Helix-Loop-Helix Fusion-Inducing Lipid Packing Sensor Multifaceted sequence-dependent and -independent roles for reovirus FAST protein cytoplasmic tails in fusion pore formation and syncytiogenesis Efficient reovirus-and measles virus-mediated pore expansion during syncytium formation is dependent on annexin A1 and intracellular calcium Reovirus infection of young Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) Genomic characteristics of a novel reovirus from Muscovy duckling in China Isolation and genomic characterization of a classical Muscovy duck reovirus isolated in Zhejiang Muscovy duck reovirus sigmaC protein is atypically encoded by the smallest genome segment Features of a spatially constrained cystine loop in the p10 FAST protein ectodomain define a new class of viral fusion peptides A compact, multifunctional fusion module directs cholesterol-dependent homomultimerization and syncytiogenic efficiency of reovirus p10 FAST proteins PixFRET, an ImageJ plug-in for FRET calculation that can accommodate variations in spectral bleed-throughs The rapid generation of mutation data matrices from protein sequences Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms Crystal structure of reovirus attachment protein sigma1 in complex with sialylated oligosaccharides Viral mutation rates Mechanisms and consequences of positive-strand RNA virus recombination A duck reovirus variant with a unique deletion in the sigma C gene exhibiting high pathogenicity in Pekin ducklings The 5'-terminal sequence of potato leafroll virus RNA: Evidence of recombination between virus and host RNA Why do RNA viruses recombine? Lineage diversification, homo-and heterologous reassortment and recombination shape the evolution of chicken orthoreoviruses A Bat-Derived Putative Cross-Family Recombinant Coronavirus with a Reovirus Gene Evolutionary aspects of recombination in RNA viruses Increased viral pathogenicity after insertion of a 28S ribosomal RNA sequence into the haemagglutinin gene of an influenza virus Ubiquitin in a togavirus The p10 FAST protein fusion peptide functions as a cystine noose to induce cholesterol-dependent liposome fusion without liposome tubulation Mechanistic insights into avian reovirus p17-modulated suppression of cell cycle CDK-cyclin complexes and enhancement of p53 and cyclin H interaction The second open reading frame of the avian reovirus S1 gene encodes a transcription-dependent and CRM1-independent nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein Isolation of a Novel Fusogenic Orthoreovirus from Eucampsipoda africana Bat Flies in South Africa Rotavirus Species B Encodes a Functional Fusion-Associated Small Transmembrane (FAST) FAST proteins are a unique family of viral membrane fusion proteins that are structurally and evolutionarily unrelated to the fusion proteins that are responsible for enveloped virus entry into cells. keywords: arv; cell; events; fast; fiber; figure; fusion; fusogenic; genome; membrane; orf; orthoreovirus; p10; proteins; recombination; segments; sequence; species cache: cord-321441-t1v0pu0w.txt plain text: cord-321441-t1v0pu0w.txt item: #181 of 243 id: cord-321673-v5o49ees author: Nieto-Torres, Jose L. title: Relevance of Viroporin Ion Channel Activity on Viral Replication and Pathogenesis date: 2015-07-03 words: 8415 flesch: 34 summary: Pore formation by nonstructural poliovirus 2B protein A potassium channel protein encoded by Chlorella virus PBCV-1 In vitro synthesis, tetramerization and single channel characterization of virus-encoded potassium channel Kcv Structural flexibility of the pentameric SARS coronavirus envelope protein ion channel Structure and inhibition of the SARS coronavirus envelope protein ion channel Three-dimensional structure of the channel-forming trans-membrane domain of virus protein u (Vpu) from HIV-1 Structure and ion channel activity of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) small hydrophobic protein transmembrane domain The 3-dimensional structure of a hepatitis C virus p7 ion channel by electron microscopy High-risk human papillomavirus E5 oncoprotein displays channel-forming activity sensitive to small-molecule inhibitors Reconstitution of the influenza virus M2 ion channel in lipid bilayers Correlation of the structural and functional domains in the membrane protein vpu from HIV-1 Direct measurement of the influenza a virus M2 protein ion channel activity in mammalian cells Proton conductance of influenza virus M2 protein in planar lipid bilayers Definitive assignment of proton selectivity and attoampere unitary current to the M2 ion channel protein of influenza A virus Cation-selective ion channels formed by p7 of hepatitis C virus are blocked by hexamethylene amiloride Inhibition of the human respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic protein and structural variations in a bicelle environment Syringomycin e channel: A lipidic pore stabilized by lipopeptide? The cytoplasmic tails of infectious bronchitis virus E and M proteins mediate their interaction The PDZ-binding motif of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein is a determinant of viral pathogenesis The influenza virus M2 protein cytoplasmic tail interacts with the M1 protein and influences virus assembly at the site of virus budding Influenza virus M2 protein mediates ESCRT-independent membrane scission Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu The interferon-induced protein BST-2 restricts HIV-1 release and is downregulated from the cell surface by the viral Vpu protein Ion channel activity of HIV-1 Vpu is dispensable for counteraction of CD317 Influenza A virus M2 ion channel activity is essential for efficient replication in tissue culture Influenza A virus can undergo multiple cycles of replication without M2 ion channel activity Identification of an ion channel activity of the Vpu transmembrane domain and its involvement in the regulation of virus release from HIV-1-infected cells Influence of amantadine resistance mutations on the pH regulatory function of the M2 protein of influenza A viruses Hexamethylene amiloride blocks E protein ion channels and inhibits keywords: activity; cell; channel; cov; ion; lipid; membranes; production; protein; sars; viroporins; virus; viruses cache: cord-321673-v5o49ees.txt plain text: cord-321673-v5o49ees.txt item: #182 of 243 id: cord-322206-roxa3ix6 author: I. Sardi, Silvia title: High-Quality Resolution of the Outbreak-Related Zika Virus Genome and Discovery of New Viruses Using Ion Torrent-Based Metatranscriptomics date: 2020-07-21 words: 4203 flesch: 39 summary: Virome of > 12 thousand Culex mosquitoes from throughout California Southern tomato virus: The link between the families Totiviridae and Partitiviridae Expanding our Understanding of the Seaweed Holobiont: RNA Viruses of the Red Alga Delisea pulchra This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license We thank all the members of Virology and Allergy and Acarology laboratories. Due to their worldwide occurrence and fast adaptation to environmental changes, mosquitoes from the Aedes genus play an important role in the transmission of viral etiological agents of emerging human infections, including Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Chikungunya virus (CHYKV) and 2 of 10 Yellow fever virus (YFV) keywords: analysis; figure; genomes; reads; regions; rna; sequences; sequencing; virus; viruses; zika cache: cord-322206-roxa3ix6.txt plain text: cord-322206-roxa3ix6.txt item: #183 of 243 id: cord-323569-ksodnkic author: Xu, Shengnan title: A Novel Bacterium-Like Particle-Based Vaccine Displaying the SUDV Glycoprotein Induces Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Mice date: 2019-12-11 words: 5565 flesch: 47 summary: Ebola virus disease Ebola Virus Diseases in Africa: A commentary on its history, local and global context Genomic analysis of filoviruses associated with four viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2012 A shared structural solution for neutralizing ebolaviruses Polymorphism of Filovirus Glycoproteins Intranasal vaccination with ebola virus GP amino acids 258-601 protects mice against lethal challenge Codon-optimized filovirus DNA vaccines delivered by intramuscular electroporation protect cynomolgus macaques from lethal Ebola and Marburg virus challenges Chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine generates acute and durable protective immunity against ebolavirus challenge Phase 1 Trials of rVSV Ebola Vaccine in Africa and Europe -Preliminary Report Ebola Virus-Like Particle-Based Vaccine Protects Nonhuman Primates against Lethal Ebola Virus Challenge Ebola Virus Disease Candidate Vaccines Under Evaluation in Clinical Trials A review of Phase I trials of Ebola virus vaccines: What can we learn from the race to develop novel vaccines? Diatta, I.; Doumbia, M. Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine in preventing Ebola virus disease: While protective efficacy evaluation of SBLP vaccines in animal models must be performed in a future study, our results strongly support the potential of GEM-PA particles as a display and delivery system for subunit vaccine development. keywords: 201vg; egp; figure; gem; immune; isa; mice; particles; sblp; sudv; vaccine cache: cord-323569-ksodnkic.txt plain text: cord-323569-ksodnkic.txt item: #184 of 243 id: cord-323585-iv2dcpqj author: Li, Su title: eEF1A Interacts with the NS5A Protein and Inhibits the Growth of Classical Swine Fever Virus date: 2015-08-10 words: 6175 flesch: 52 summary: In The Springer Index of Viruses Pestivirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) structure and function: Elements in the 5 1 -untranslated region important for IRES function Specific interaction between the classical swine fever virus NS5B protein and the viral genome Essential and nonessential elements in the 3 1 nontranslated region of bovine viral diarrhea virus Characterization of NS3, NS5A and NS5B of classical swine fever virus through mutation and complementation analysis Classical swine fever virus NS5A regulates viral RNA replication through binding to NS5B and 3 1 UTR The NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus is a zinc metalloprotein Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A protein downregulates HCV IRES-dependent translation Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein down-regulates the expression of spindle gene Aspm through PKR-p38 signaling pathway Interaction of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A with core protein is critical for the production of infectious virus particles Domain III of NS5A contributes to both RNA replication and assembly of hepatitis C virus particles Regulation of the production of infectious genotype 1a hepatitis C virus by NS5A domain III Influence of NS5A protein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) on CSFV internal ribosome entry site-dependent translation Determination of the amounts of the protein synthesis initiation and elongation factors in wheat germ Elongation factor 1 alpha, translation and the cytoskeleton Thinking Outside the Ribosome Actin bundling and polymerisation properties of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A), histone H2A-H2B and lysozyme in vitro The many roles of the eukaryotic elongation factor 1 complex Translation elongation factor 1A facilitates the assembly of the tombusvirus replicase and stimulates minus-strand synthesis Inhibition of ER stress-mediated apoptosis in macrophages by nuclear-cytoplasmic relocalization of eEF1A by the HIV-1 Nef protein Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 complex subunits are critical HIV-1 reverse transcription cofactors The NS5A protein of bovine viral diarrhoea virus interacts with the alpha subunit of translation elongation factor-1 Evaluation of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR for quantitative and differential detection of wild-type viruses and C-strain vaccine of classical swine fever Screening of cellular proteins that interact with the classical swine fever virus non-structural protein 5A by yeast two-hybrid analysis Heat shock protein 70 is associated with CSFV NS5A protein and enhances viral RNA replication The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus inhibits cell cytokinesis and proliferation by interacting with translation elongation factor 1alpha EF1A interacting with nucleocapsid protein of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus and plays a role in virus replication Identification of cis-acting nucleotides and a structural feature in West Nile virus 3 1 -terminal RNA that facilitate viral minus strand RNA synthesis Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A interacts with Turnip mosaic virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and VPg-Pro in virus-induced vesicles In vivo interaction between Tobacco mosaic virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and host translation elongation factor 1A Translation elongation factor 1A is a component of the tombusvirus replicase complex and affects the stability of the p33 replication cofactor Hepatitis C virus NS4A inhibits cap-dependent and the viral IRES-mediated translation through interacting with eukaryotic elongation factor 1A RNA-mediated response to heat shock in mammalian cells Translation elongation factor-1 alpha interacts with the 3 1 stem-loop region of West Nile virus genomic RNA Interaction between the cellular protein eEF1A and the 3 1 -terminal stem-loop of West Nile virus genomic RNA facilitates viral minus-strand RNA synthesis A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints Thioredoxin 2 is a novel E2-interacting protein that inhibits the replication of classical swine fever virus Modulation of translation initiation efficiency in classical swine fever virus Rapid recovery of classical swine fever virus directly from cloned cDNA We thank Graham J. Belsham from the National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, for kindly providing the plasmid pFluc/IRES/Rluc. To examine the colocalization of NS5A protein with eEF1A, the subcellular localization of 3ˆFlag-NS5A and Myc-eEF1A was examined by confocal microscopy. keywords: anti; catalog; cells; csfv; eef1a; figure; ires; myc; ns5a; protein; replication; rna; virus cache: cord-323585-iv2dcpqj.txt plain text: cord-323585-iv2dcpqj.txt item: #185 of 243 id: cord-323995-cpn34j02 author: Chen, Jun title: Human Cytomegalovirus Encoded miR-US25-1-5p Attenuates CD147/EMMPRIN-Mediated Early Antiviral Response date: 2017-12-01 words: 8202 flesch: 43 summary: We found that the knockdown of CD147 expression in HFF cells decreased the activation of IFNB1 and interferon-stimulated ISG15 gene expression induced by HCMV infection, as well as expression of the NF-κB downstream genes IL-6 and TNF-α ( Figure 1c ). We demonstrated that CD147-mediated HCMV-triggered phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and the activation of NF-κB depends on the release of CyPA from HCMV infected cells and its interaction with CD147 ( Figure 2 ). keywords: cd147; cells; cypa; expression; figure; hcmv; human; immune; infection; mir; u251; us25; virus cache: cord-323995-cpn34j02.txt plain text: cord-323995-cpn34j02.txt item: #186 of 243 id: cord-324617-yok7mh70 author: Andreata-Santos, Robert title: Transcutaneous Administration of Dengue Vaccines date: 2020-05-06 words: 6349 flesch: 38 summary: Similar serum antibody responses were also measured in mice immunized virus particles purified from cell culture supernatants by anionic chromatography ( Figure S2 ). Similar serum antibody responses were also measured in mice immunized virus particles purified from cell culture supernatants by anionic chromatography ( Figure S2 ). keywords: antigen; cells; d route; denv2; figure; mice; responses; route; tc route; vaccine; virus cache: cord-324617-yok7mh70.txt plain text: cord-324617-yok7mh70.txt item: #187 of 243 id: cord-325574-4zf9qtlh author: Farag, Elmoubasher title: Drivers of MERS-CoV Emergence in Qatar date: 2018-12-31 words: 4347 flesch: 58 summary: According to experts, although camel racing has traditionally been part of the Bedouin culture, the organized racing business went through major changes over the past decades. The camel farms that are located near the Al-Shehaniya camel racing area are mostly used for racing camels. keywords: animal; camel; changes; cov; figure; human; mers; population; qatar; racing cache: cord-325574-4zf9qtlh.txt plain text: cord-325574-4zf9qtlh.txt item: #188 of 243 id: cord-325823-bt7xo9iq author: Magassouba, N’Faly title: A Sporadic and Lethal Lassa Fever Case in Forest Guinea, 2019 date: 2020-09-23 words: 3347 flesch: 58 summary: Lassa fever is a haemorrhagic fever due to Lassa virus (LASV) that was discovered in 1969 in Nigeria [1, 2] . Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis Eléments de recherches clinico-épidémiologiques et de laboratoire sur les fièvres hémorragiques en Guinée Genetic diversity among Lassa virus strains Lassa fever-West Africa (09): Liberia ex Guinea Lassa fever-West Africa (08): Guinea (MM) Lassa fever virological and serological studies Improved detection of Lassa virus by reverse transcription-PCR targeting the 5' region of S RNA Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7 Households as hotspots of Lassa fever? keywords: fever; guinea; health; kissidougou; lassa; lasv; patient; pcr; sequences; virus cache: cord-325823-bt7xo9iq.txt plain text: cord-325823-bt7xo9iq.txt item: #189 of 243 id: cord-326319-3538jmqd author: Yuan, Yuan title: Protection against Virulent Infectious Bronchitis Virus Challenge Conferred by a Recombinant Baculovirus Co-Expressing S1 and N Proteins date: 2018-06-27 words: 7541 flesch: 48 summary: The expression of recombinant proteins S1, N and S1-N in Sf9 cells were detected using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blot. The expression of recombinant proteins S1, N and S1-N in Sf9 cells were detected using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blot. keywords: bronchitis; group; h120; ibv; protection; proteins; rhbm; subunit; vaccines; virus cache: cord-326319-3538jmqd.txt plain text: cord-326319-3538jmqd.txt item: #190 of 243 id: cord-326614-cik3ino6 author: Corder, Brigette N. title: A Decade in Review: A Systematic Review of Universal Influenza Vaccines in Clinical Trials during the 2010 Decade date: 2020-10-20 words: 7556 flesch: 40 summary: Influenza Other Respir Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices-United States Deaths averted by influenza vaccination in the U.S. during the seasons 2005/06 through 2013/14 Seasonal Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Studies Immune History and Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness A Study to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of a New Influenza Vaccine Candidate MVA-NP+M1 in Healthy Adults Potent CD8+ T-cell immunogenicity in humans of a novel heterosubtypic influenza A vaccine, MVA-NP+M1 Coadministration of seasonal influenza vaccine and MVA-NP+M1 simultaneously achieves potent humoral and cell-mediated responses A T cell-inducing influenza vaccine for the elderly: Safety and immunogenicity of MVA-NP+M1 in adults aged over 50 years Preliminary assessment of the efficacy of a T-cell-based influenza vaccine, MVA-NP+M1, in humans A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of a New Influenza Candidate Vaccine MVA-NP+M1 In Healthy Adults University of Oxford. Vaccine Safety and Immunogenicity Of A Recombinant H5N1 Vaccine In Adults Safety and immunogenicity of a plant-produced recombinant hemagglutinin-based influenza vaccine (HAI-05) derived from A/Indonesia/05/2005 (H5N1) influenza virus: A phase 1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study in healthy adults Study of Single Dose GHB16L2 Trivalent Influenza Vaccine in Healthy Adults Muster, T. Phase I/II trial of a replication-deficient trivalent influenza virus vaccine lacking NS1 Protein Sciences Corporation. keywords: immune; immunogenicity; influenza; np+m1; participants; phase; response; safety; study; trials; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-326614-cik3ino6.txt plain text: cord-326614-cik3ino6.txt item: #191 of 243 id: cord-328042-e1is656g author: Klein, Steffen title: SARS-CoV-2 RNA Extraction Using Magnetic Beads for Rapid Large-Scale Testing by RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP date: 2020-08-07 words: 6357 flesch: 47 summary: Magnetic bead RNA extraction was benchmarked against the commercial QIAcube extraction platform. Magnetic bead RNA extraction was performed in 96-well plates in combination with a magnet plate optimized for 96 deep-well plates. keywords: bead; cov-2; detection; extraction; figure; lamp; plate; qpcr; rna; samples; sars cache: cord-328042-e1is656g.txt plain text: cord-328042-e1is656g.txt item: #192 of 243 id: cord-328259-3g4klpyg author: Guajardo-Leiva, Sergio title: Metagenomic Insights into the Sewage RNA Virosphere of a Large City date: 2020-09-21 words: 7642 flesch: 43 summary: Viral sequences can also be misannotated to homologous cellular genes [36, 39] , which relies on the low number and diversity of viral sequences in the databases. Viral sequences identified as Partitiviridae-like viruses included in the unclassified RNA viruses ShiM-2016 category in the NCBI taxonomy (~25% abundance; Figure 2B ) and Totiviriade family were also highly abundant in treated and untreated sewage samples from the EU keywords: abundance; database; family; figure; human; ncbi; proteins; rdrp; rna; rotavirus; samples; sequences; sewage; trebal; viral; viruses; wastewater cache: cord-328259-3g4klpyg.txt plain text: cord-328259-3g4klpyg.txt item: #193 of 243 id: cord-330475-mameyzih author: Shi, Da title: Molecular Characterizations of Subcellular Localization Signals in the Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus date: 2014-03-13 words: 5590 flesch: 37 summary: Furthermore, by utilizing fusion proteins with green fluorescent protein (GFP), deletion mutations or site-directed mutagenesis of PEDV N protein, coupled with live cell imaging and confocal microscopy, it was revealed that, a region spanning amino acids (aa), 71–90 in region 1 of the N protein was sufficient for nucleolar localization and R87 and R89 were critical for its function. To identify whether there were subcellular localization signals in PEDV N protein, we first conducted a bioinformatics analysis on the protein using existing motif prediction algorithms. keywords: acgfp; amino; cells; cytoplasm; localization; nes; nols; nuclear; nucleolar; nucleolus; pedv; protein; signals cache: cord-330475-mameyzih.txt plain text: cord-330475-mameyzih.txt item: #194 of 243 id: cord-330767-jja2wcfz author: Voigt, Kathleen title: Fusogenicity of the Ghana Virus (Henipavirus: Ghanaian bat henipavirus) Fusion Protein is Controlled by the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Attachment Glycoprotein date: 2019-08-29 words: 6068 flesch: 44 summary: In addition, chimeric GhV G proteins harboring the CD of the G proteins of the related henipaviruses HeV, CedV, and MojV G, or the H protein of the unrelated paramyxovirus measles virus (MeV, genus Rubulavirus) were generated. (c) Surface expression of truncated GhV G proteins was quantified by flow cytometry and the mean fluorescence intensity obtained for GhV G∆54 and ∆58 was normalized to that of wildtype GhV G, which was set as 100%. keywords: cells; expression; ghv; ghv g; niv; niv g; proteins; surface; virus cache: cord-330767-jja2wcfz.txt plain text: cord-330767-jja2wcfz.txt item: #195 of 243 id: cord-331094-22366b81 author: Ianevski, Aleksandr title: Potential Antiviral Options against SARS-CoV-2 Infection date: 2020-06-13 words: 6839 flesch: 43 summary: The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma The Roles of Host and Viral Antibody Fc Receptors in Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infections and Immunity Fc-Mediated Antibody Effector Functions During Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Disease A Role for Fc Function in Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody-Mediated Protection against Ebola Virus Discovery and development of safe-in-man broad-spectrum antiviral agents Novel activities of safe-in-human broad-spectrum antiviral agents Human induced pluripotent stem cells are a novel source of neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) that migrate and integrate in the rodent spinal cord (BOMB): Open platform for high-throughput nucleic acid extraction and manipulation Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Antiviral Properties of Chemical Inhibitors of Cellular Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Proteins Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide, and gemcitabine inhibit influenza a virus infection Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide and gemcitabine inhibit Zika virus infection in vitro and differentially affect cellular signaling, transcription and metabolism Expanding the activity spectrum of antiviral agents SynergyFinder 2.0: Visual analytics of multi-drug combination synergies DrugCentral 2018: These results are consistent with previous studies showing that physical factors destabilize SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses [39] [40] [41] [42] . keywords: amodiaquine; antiviral; cells; compounds; cov-2; covid-19; drug; figure; infection; nelfinavir; patients; samples; sars; serum; treatment; vero; virus cache: cord-331094-22366b81.txt plain text: cord-331094-22366b81.txt item: #196 of 243 id: cord-331414-i0oxm5mr author: Kautz, Tiffany F. title: A Low Fidelity Virus Shows Increased Recombination during the Removal of an Alphavirus Reporter Gene date: 2020-06-19 words: 5071 flesch: 40 summary: RNA virus recombination primarily occurs when the RdRp switches from the template RNA strand to an acceptor RNA strand (i.e., copy choice recombination) or, less frequently, by ligation of cleaved RNA strands [8] . key: cord-331414-i0oxm5mr authors: Kautz, Tiffany F.; Jaworski, Elizabeth; Routh, Andrew; Forrester, Naomi L. title: A Low Fidelity Virus Shows Increased Recombination during the Removal of an Alphavirus Reporter Gene date: 2020-06-19 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v12060660 sha: doc_id: 331414 cord_uid: i0oxm5mr Reporter genes for RNA viruses are well-known to be unstable due to putative RNA recombination events that excise inserted nucleic acids. keywords: deletions; events; fidelity; fidelity tc-83; gene; gfp; passage; recombination; rna; tc-83; virus cache: cord-331414-i0oxm5mr.txt plain text: cord-331414-i0oxm5mr.txt item: #197 of 243 id: cord-332165-31tbc31x author: Rustmeier, Nils H. title: The Symmetry of Viral Sialic Acid Binding Sites—Implications for Antiviral Strategies date: 2019-10-14 words: 5842 flesch: 38 summary: Due to the surface-exposed binding mode and the weak individual interactions between sialic acids and their cognate virus proteins, modifying sialic acid to achieve high-affinity binding is challenging. Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of the rotavirus inner capsid particle at 3.8 a resolution Sigma 1 protein of mammalian reoviruses extends from the surfaces of viral particles The GM2 Glycan Serves as a Functional Coreceptor for Serotype 1 Reovirus Crystal structure of reovirus attachment protein sigma1 in complex with sialylated oligosaccharides Three-dimensional visualization of the rotavirus hemagglutinin structure Comparison of human, simian, and bovine rotaviruses for requirement of sialic acid in hemagglutination and cell adsorption Role of sialic acids in rotavirus infection Sialic acid dependence in rotavirus host cell invasion keywords: acid; binding; capsid; cell; fold; influenza; inhibitors; proteins; sialic; sites; symmetry; virus; viruses cache: cord-332165-31tbc31x.txt plain text: cord-332165-31tbc31x.txt item: #198 of 243 id: cord-332576-pd62s65y author: Lu, Chien-Yi title: Single-Round Infectious Particle Antiviral Screening Assays for the Japanese Encephalitis Virus date: 2017-04-10 words: 7409 flesch: 37 summary: The copy numbers of positive-sense JEV subgenomes were 2.9 × 10 4 copies in packaging cells transfected with JEV replicon at 36 h post transfection. The copy numbers of positive-sense JEV subgenomes were 2.9 × 10 4 copies in packaging cells transfected with JEV replicon at 36 h post transfection. keywords: cells; egfp; figure; jev; mj-47; packaging; packaging cells; pbr322; proteins; replicon; rna; srips; virus cache: cord-332576-pd62s65y.txt plain text: cord-332576-pd62s65y.txt item: #199 of 243 id: cord-332915-4o2dsf56 author: Hong, Seung-Min title: Pathobiological and Genomic Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Infectious Bronchitis Virus (BP-caKII) date: 2018-11-19 words: 5937 flesch: 49 summary: Phylogenetic analysis of the S1 genes of infectious bronchitis viruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the S1 genes of infectious bronchitis viruses. keywords: amino; bronchitis; cakii; cold; eggs; km91; mutations; pathogenicity; virus cache: cord-332915-4o2dsf56.txt plain text: cord-332915-4o2dsf56.txt item: #200 of 243 id: cord-334027-xhfmio7k author: Fagre, Anna C. title: Can Bats Serve as Reservoirs for Arboviruses? date: 2019-03-03 words: 8739 flesch: 36 summary: Parasite Diverse RNA viruses of arthropod origin in the blood of fruit bats suggest a link between bat and arthropod viromes A whole genome perspective on the phylogeny of the plant virus family Tombusviridae Metagenomics reshapes the concepts of RNA virus evolution by revealing extensive horizontal virus transfer Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere Deliberate insectivory by the fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus Deliberate insectivory by the fruit bat Pteropus poliocephalus by aerial hunting Viral antibody dynamics in a chiropteran host The enhancement of arbovirus transmission and disease by mosquito saliva is associated with modulation of the host immune response Experimental infection of North American birds with the New York 1999 strain of West Nile virus Tools to study pathogen-host interactions in bats Ecosystem services provided by bats Marburgvirus resurgence in Kitaka Mine bat population after extermination attempts Empirical assessment of non-invasive population genetics in bats: Comparison of DNA quality from faecal and tissue samples Empirical evaluation of non-invasive capture-mark-recapture estimation of population size based on a single sampling session Optimizing Viral Discovery in Bats Optimizing non-invasive sampling of an infectious bat virus Experimental Inoculation of Egyptian Rousette Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) with Viruses of the Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus Genera Bats have long been suspected as reservoirs for arboviruses [11] , but experimental data that would support a role of bats as reservoir hosts for certain arboviruses remain difficult to collect. keywords: antibodies; arboviruses; arthropod; bats; encephalitis; evidence; experimental; fever; field; fruit; infection; japanese; mosquitoes; reservoir; role; species; studies; study; transmission; viremia; virus; viruses cache: cord-334027-xhfmio7k.txt plain text: cord-334027-xhfmio7k.txt item: #201 of 243 id: cord-334134-fhie2m3u author: Mazaleuskaya, Liudmila title: Protective Role of Toll-like Receptor 3-Induced Type I Interferon in Murine Coronavirus Infection of Macrophages date: 2012-05-24 words: 7201 flesch: 46 summary: The lack of complete suppression in MHV-A59 infected cells could be explained by the ability of MHV-A59 to grow to higher titers (3-4 log) than MHV-JHM and MHV-3 in macrophages. J774A.1 cells were prestimulated for 6 h with HKLM (10 8 cells/mL), LPS (5 μg/mL), R837 (5 μg/mL), and poly I:C (0.25 μg/mL); media was removed and: 1) a second challenge of the corresponding TLR ligand (same concentrations) was added to the cells for 18 h; 2) cells were prestimulated for 6 h with the TLR ligands as above; media was removed and cells infected with MHV-A59 or MHV-JHM at 1.0 MOI for 1 h of adsorption in the absence of the ligands; after virus adsorption cells were stimulated with a second challenge of the TLR ligands using the same concentrations as during prestimulation and samples were taken at 18 h; 3) cells were not TLR activated and only infected with MHV-A59 or MHV-JHM at 1.0 MOI for 1 h of adsorption in the absence of the ligands; fresh media was added to the cells for 18 h. Non-stimulated, non-infected J774A.1 cells were used as mock control. keywords: cells; figure; ifn; infection; macrophages; mhv; poly; tlr3; type; virus cache: cord-334134-fhie2m3u.txt plain text: cord-334134-fhie2m3u.txt item: #202 of 243 id: cord-334560-1j9zmuub author: Hunt, Catherine L. title: Filovirus Entry: A Novelty in the Viral Fusion World date: 2012-02-07 words: 6453 flesch: 43 summary: Sequence and residues critical for host cell binding Covalent modifications of the ebola virus glycoprotein Identification of the ebola virus glycoprotein as the main viral determinant of vascular cell cytotoxicity and injury Ebola virus glycoprotein toxicity is mediated by a dynamin-dependent protein-trafficking pathway Effect of flanking residues on the conformational sampling of the internal fusion peptide from ebola virus Functional importance of the coiled-coil of the ebola virus glycoprotein Involvement of viral envelope gp2 in ebola virus entry into cells expressing the macrophage galactose-type c-type lectin Permeabilization of the plasma membrane by ebola virus gp2 Distribution of hydrophobic residues is crucial for the fusogenic properties of the ebola virus gp2 fusion peptide Mutational analysis of the putative fusion domain of ebola virus glycoprotein Phosphatidylinositol-dependent membrane fusion induced by a putative fusogenic sequence of ebola virus Cell entry of enveloped viruses The role of the transmembrane and of the intraviral domain of glycoproteins in membrane fusion of enveloped viruses Ebola virus glycoprotein: Proteolytic processing, acylation, cell tropism, and detection of neutralizing antibodies The glycoproteins of marburg and ebola virus and their potential roles in pathogenesis Ebola virus: New insights into disease aetiopathology and possible therapeutic interventions Pathogenesis of ebola hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques: Evidence that dendritic cells are early and sustained targets of infection Characterization of ebola virus entry by using pseudotyped viruses: Identification of receptor-deficient cell lines Distinct cellular interactions of secreted and transmembrane ebola virus glycoproteins A search for ebola virus in animals in the democratic republic of the Congo and Cameroon: Ecologic, virologic, and serologic surveys, 1979-1980. EBOV GP-mediated attachment and entry into early endosomes was unaffected in NPC1-defective cells; however, electron micrographs of NPC1 null cells infected with EBOV GP pseudotyped virus show the accumulation of perinuclear vesicles laden with EBOV GP pseudovirions that were positive for the lysosomal marker LAMP1 keywords: cells; ebola; ebov; endosomal; entry; filovirus; form; fusion; glycoprotein; membrane; npc1; receptor; virus cache: cord-334560-1j9zmuub.txt plain text: cord-334560-1j9zmuub.txt item: #203 of 243 id: cord-334855-s0ci3r8w author: Andersen, Petter I. title: Novel Antiviral Activities of Obatoclax, Emetine, Niclosamide, Brequinar, and Homoharringtonine date: 2019-10-18 words: 4295 flesch: 43 summary: For testing the production of HSV-2 and EV1 viruses in compound-treated and non-treated RPE cells, the media from the cells were serially (10-fold) diluted, starting from 10 −3 to 10 −8 in serum-free growth media containing 0.2% bovine serum albumin, and applied to a monolayer of A549-Npro cells in 12-well plates. This result indicates that obatoclax and emetine target distinct cellular pathways essential for virus infection. keywords: bsaas; cells; compounds; drug; emetine; ev1; fluav; gfp; hsv-2; novel; obatoclax; virus cache: cord-334855-s0ci3r8w.txt plain text: cord-334855-s0ci3r8w.txt item: #204 of 243 id: cord-335279-cfv18qn0 author: Paillot, Romain title: Special Issue “Equine Viruses”: Old “Friends” and New Foes? date: 2020-01-29 words: 2072 flesch: 45 summary: Beyond their potential risk to other species, including humans, equine viruses may also represent an interesting model for reproducing virus infection in the host species. The Use of a Recombinant Canarypox-Based Equine Influenza Vaccine during the 2007 Australian Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Summary Success and Limitation of Equine Influenza Vaccination: The First Incursion in a Decade of a Florida Clade 1 Equine Influenza Virus that Shakes Protection Despite High Vaccine Coverage Acknowledgments: I wish to express my sincere thanks to all authors for their contribution to the Special Issue Equine Viruses. keywords: equine; horses; virus; viruses cache: cord-335279-cfv18qn0.txt plain text: cord-335279-cfv18qn0.txt item: #205 of 243 id: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj author: Berry, Michael title: Identification of New Respiratory Viruses in the New Millennium date: 2015-03-06 words: 7487 flesch: 33 summary: Between 7% and 19% of all cases of respiratory infections in children are caused by hMPV, in both hospitalized and outpatients [108, 131, 132] and has been reported to be the second most frequently identified virus in respiratory tract infections [133] . Viral upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media complication in young children The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States The clinical impact of human respiratory virus infections The Global Burden of Disease Center for Population and Development Studies: Massachusetts Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Children with multiple viral respiratory infections are older than those with single viruses Systematic review of the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection Viral infections of the lower respiratory tract: Old viruses, new viruses, and the role of diagnosis Coronavirus HKU1 and Other Coronavirus Infections in Hong Kong Human coronavirus and acute respiratory illness in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: Comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden Respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer Epidemiology of respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a tertiary hospital Impact of viral infections in children with community-acquired pneumonia: keywords: acute; bocavirus; children; coronavirus; disease; hcov; human; infection; metapneumovirus; patients; sars; syndrome; tract; viruses cache: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj.txt plain text: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj.txt item: #206 of 243 id: cord-335614-qh98622y author: Xu, Puzhi title: A Multi-Omics Study of Chicken Infected by Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus date: 2019-11-16 words: 6557 flesch: 35 summary: To further study the biochemical metabolic pathway and signal transduction pathways related to NIBV infection, KEGG analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted in the KEGG pathway database. MetaboAnalyst (http: //www.metaboanalyst.ca) was used for pathway enrichment analysis. keywords: acid; analysis; chicken; data; figure; gene; gout; group; gut; infection; kidney; metabolism; metabolites; nibv; pathways; receptor; rna; signalling; study cache: cord-335614-qh98622y.txt plain text: cord-335614-qh98622y.txt item: #207 of 243 id: cord-336536-ie5ok0lz author: Yeh, Ming Te title: Mapping Attenuation Determinants in Enterovirus-D68 date: 2020-08-08 words: 8380 flesch: 51 summary: A Review Current status of enterovirus D68 worldwide and in Taiwan Systematic community-and hospital-based surveillance for enterovirus-D68 in three Canadian provinces Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients infected with enterovirus D68 High frequency of enterovirus D68 in children hospitalised with respiratory illness in Norway Enterovirus D68 infection in a cluster of children with acute flaccid myelitis Upsurge of Enterovirus D68, the Netherlands The emergence of enterovirus D68 in England in autumn 2014 and the necessity for reinforcing enterovirus respiratory screening Low-level Circulation of Enterovirus D68-Associated Acute Respiratory Infections Continued biennial circulation of enterovirus D68 in Colorado Enterovirus D68 Subclade B3 Strain Circulating and Causing an Outbreak in the United States in 2016 Enterovirus D68-associated respiratory and neurological illness in Spain Enterovirus D68 seroepidemiology in Taiwan An increase in reports of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in the United Kingdom Nasal Infection of Enterovirus D68 Leading to Lower Respiratory Tract Pathogenesis in Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo A neonatal mouse model of Enterovirus D68 infection induces both interstitial pneumonia and acute flaccid myelitis A mouse model of paralytic myelitis caused by enterovirus D68 Development of a respiratory disease model for enterovirus D68 in 4-week-old mice for evaluation of antiviral therapies Zika Virus Dependence on Host Hsp70 Provides a Protective Strategy against Infection and Disease The Evolutionary Pathway to Virulence of an RNA Virus Engineering the Live-Attenuated Polio Vaccine to Prevent Reversion to Virulence The alpha/beta interferon response controls tissue tropism and pathogenicity of poliovirus Poliovirus: Generation, quantification, propagation, purification, and storage 2-Virus isolation and quantitation A Simple Sequentially Rejective Multiple Test Procedure. Viruses A probable new human picornavirus associated with respiratory diseases Emergence and epidemic occurrence of enterovirus 68 respiratory infections in The Netherlands in 2010 Enterovirus 68 among children with severe acute respiratory infection, the Philippines Molecular and epidemiological study of enterovirus D68 in Taiwan Detection and whole genome sequence analysis of an enterovirus 68 cluster Acute Flaccid Myelitis Associated With Enterovirus D68: keywords: acid; d68; enterovirus; figure; i88v; mice; mouse; mutation; replication; strain; virulence; virus; vp1; vp3 cache: cord-336536-ie5ok0lz.txt plain text: cord-336536-ie5ok0lz.txt item: #208 of 243 id: cord-337339-0vkigjv2 author: Osterrieder, Nikolaus title: Age-Dependent Progression of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Syrian Hamsters date: 2020-07-20 words: 4355 flesch: 39 summary: Histopathology revealed clear age-dependent differences, with young hamsters launching earlier and stronger immune cell influx than aged hamsters. Association between age and clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 Coronavirus Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses A Genomic Perspective on the Origin and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 in older adults: what we may expect regarding pathogenesis, immune responses, and outcomes Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients Estimating excess 1-year mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic according to underlying conditions and age: a population-based cohort study The search for a COVID-19 animal model Animal models for emerging coronavirus: progress and new insights SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus ACE2-Variants Indicate Potential SARS-CoV-2-Susceptibility in Animals: An Extensive Molecular Dynamics Study Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Ocular conjunctival inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 can cause mild COVID-19 in 2 Rhesus macaque Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19 A mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 model for the evaluation of COVID-19 medical countermeasures Rapid adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice: Novel mouse model for vaccine efficacy The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice The battle against SARS and MERS coronaviruses: Reservoirs and Animal Models Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets Is there an ideal animal model for SARS? Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in golden Syrian hamster model: implications for disease pathogenesis and transmissibility Rapid reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 using a synthetic genomics platform Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019 Effects of a mixture of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol on anesthesia and blood biochemistry and the antagonizing action of atipamezole in hamsters Spectrum of pathogen-and model-specific histopathologies in mouse models of acute pneumonia The Family of Chloride Channel Regulator, Calcium-activated Proteins in the Feline Respiratory Tract: A Comparative Perspective on Airway Diseases in Man and Animal Models Pulmonary immunostimulation with MALP-2 in influenza virus-infected mice increases survival after pneumococcal superinfection IL-37 Causes Excessive Inflammation and Tissue Damage in Murine Pneumococcal Pneumonia Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Validation of assays to monitor immune responses in the Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) Tropism, replication competence, and innate immune responses of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in human respiratory tract and conjunctiva: an analysis in ex-vivo and in-vitro cultures Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license The authors acknowledge the excellent technical assistance by Ann Reum, Annett Neubert, and Simon Dökel. keywords: age; animals; cells; cov-2; dpi; germany; hamsters; infection; lung; rna; sars; young cache: cord-337339-0vkigjv2.txt plain text: cord-337339-0vkigjv2.txt item: #209 of 243 id: cord-337707-xbwilp1w author: Kin, Nathalie title: Genomic Analysis of 15 Human Coronaviruses OC43 (HCoV-OC43s) Circulating in France from 2001 to 2013 Reveals a High Intra-Specific Diversity with New Recombinant Genotypes date: 2015-05-07 words: 5409 flesch: 51 summary: key: cord-337707-xbwilp1w authors: Kin, Nathalie; Miszczak, Fabien; Lin, Wei; Ar Gouilh, Meriadeg; Vabret, Astrid title: Genomic Analysis of 15 Human Coronaviruses OC43 (HCoV-OC43s) Circulating in France from 2001 to 2013 Reveals a High Intra-Specific Diversity with New Recombinant Genotypes date: 2015-05-07 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v7052358 sha: doc_id: 337707 cord_uid: xbwilp1w Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) is one of five currently circulating human coronaviruses responsible for respiratory infections. Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Discovery of seven novel mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Bovine-like coronaviruses isolated from four species of captive wild ruminants are homologous to bovine coronaviruses, based on complete genomic sequences Coronavirus diversity, phylogeny and interspecies jumping Two amino acid changes at the N-terminus of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus spike protein result in the loss of enteric tropism Comparison of genomic and predicted amino acid sequences of respiratory and enteric bovine coronaviruses isolated from the same animal with fatal shipping pneumonia Genomic characterization of equine coronavirus A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Identification of a new human coronavirus Growth in suckling-mouse brain of IBV-like viruses from patients with upper respiratory tract disease A New virus isolated from the human respiratory tract Growth and intracellular development of a new respiratory virus Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 Human coronavirus OC43 causes influenza-like illness in residents and staff of aged-care facilities in Rhinovirus and coronavirus infection-associated hospitalizations among older adults Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus HKU1 in patients with acute respiratory illness An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia Epidemiological findings from a retrospective investigation Severe acute respiratory syndrome Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Human respiratory coronavirus OC43: Genetic stability and neuroinvasion Complete genomic sequence of human coronavirus OC43: keywords: analysis; cluster; coronavirus; genes; genotype; hcov; nsp12; oc43; sequences cache: cord-337707-xbwilp1w.txt plain text: cord-337707-xbwilp1w.txt item: #210 of 243 id: cord-338436-0z828org author: Tzou, Philip L. title: Coronavirus Antiviral Research Database (CoV-RDB): An Online Database Designed to Facilitate Comparisons between Candidate Anti-Coronavirus Compounds date: 2020-09-09 words: 8207 flesch: 38 summary: Implications for disease pathogenesis and clinical manifestation Regulation of the Interferon System: Evidence that Vero Cells have a Genetic Defect in Interferon Production Enhanced isolation of SARS-CoV-2 by TMPRSS2-expressing cells Morphological Cell Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Identifies Drug Repurposing Candidates for COVID-19 Identification of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cellular toxicity in human (Caco-2) cells using a large scale drug repurposing collection Comparative analysis of antiviral efficacy of FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells: Nafamostat is the most potent antiviral drug candidate Characterization and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in nasal and bronchial human airway epithelia Replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human respiratory epithelium Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Pneumonitis and Multi-Organ System Disease in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) Infected with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus Animal models for SARS Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model Rapid isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection in a small animal model Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2 Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 COVID-19 preclinical models: Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice Infection with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in Rhesus macaques Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development Passive immunotherapy with dromedary immune serum in an experimental animal model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Protective Effect of Intranasal Regimens Containing Peptidic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Fusion Inhibitor Against MERS-CoV Infection Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset Type I and Type III Interferons-Induction, Signaling, Evasion, and Application to Combat COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 sensitive to type I interferon pretreatment Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers a potential target for antiviral development Coronaviruses -drug discovery and therapeutic options The Anticoagulant Nafamostat Potently Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 S Protein-Mediated Fusion in a Cell Fusion Assay System and Viral Infection In Vitro in a Cell-Type-Dependent Manner. β-D-N4hydroxycytidine-5′isopropyl ester (EIDD-2801) EIDD-2801 is a nucleoside analog, which like remdesivir has high nanomolar inhibitory activity in vitro against SARS-CoV-2 [62] . keywords: activity; animal; antibodies; antiviral; cell; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; data; drug; experiments; human; sars; trials; virus cache: cord-338436-0z828org.txt plain text: cord-338436-0z828org.txt item: #211 of 243 id: cord-338589-1ent68fx author: Stoddard, Shana V. title: Optimization Rules for SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) Antivirals: Ensemble Docking and Exploration of the Coronavirus Protease Active Site date: 2020-08-26 words: 11441 flesch: 50 summary: In order to explore the impact of the presence of halogens on inhibitor compounds designed to target SARS-CoV-2 M pro , ten compounds were created using T47 and T1J as templates ( Figure 5 ). The ensemble docking and characterization work described in this article demonstrates the multifaceted features of the SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) active site, molecular guidelines to improving binding affinity, and ultimately the optimization of drug candidates. keywords: affinity; binding; compounds; cov-2; docking; figure; hydrogen; hydrogen bonding; interactions; nitrogen; pro; ring; s2 subsite; sars; subsite cache: cord-338589-1ent68fx.txt plain text: cord-338589-1ent68fx.txt item: #212 of 243 id: cord-338811-2bi2edcw author: Lennemann, Nicholas J. title: Imaging-Based Reporter Systems to Define CVB-Induced Membrane Remodeling in Living Cells date: 2020-09-25 words: 6682 flesch: 38 summary: Live-cell imaging of CVB infected cells The data was collected from two independent experiments, with four separate fields/experiment. Live-cell imaging of CVB infected cells expressing these reporters allowed for the real-time visualization of virus-induced changes to the host cell, including the collapse of the peripheral ER network and loss of Golgi integrity. keywords: cells; cvb; enterovirus; figure; gfp; golgi; host; imaging; infected; infection; reporter; signal; time; virus cache: cord-338811-2bi2edcw.txt plain text: cord-338811-2bi2edcw.txt item: #213 of 243 id: cord-338973-73a7uvyz author: Xu, Jiabao title: Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV date: 2020-02-22 words: 7127 flesch: 54 summary: Nelfinavir was predicted to be a potential inhibitor of 2019 nCov main protease by an integrative approach combining homology modelling, molecular docking and binding free energy calculation Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States Research progress on novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) related drugs in vitro/vivo Friendship Hospital: Clinical Experimental Research Work Is Being Carried Out on Remdesivir Recombination in large RNA viruses Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding SARS-Coronavirus Open Reading Frame-8b triggers intracellular stress pathways and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes Jumping species-A mechanism for coronavirus persistence and survival Serological evidence of bat SARS-related coronavirus infection in humans Clinical virology and pathogenesis Expression of elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in SARS-CoV-infected ACE2+ cells in SARS patients: Relation to the acute lung injury and pathogenesis of SARS Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Epidemic Update and Risk Assessment of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of SARS patients Middle East respiratory syndrome: Emergence of a pathogenic human coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumonia Caused by 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 4) Pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines in the principle of 4S for patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Incubation periods of acute respiratory viral infections: A systematic review Multiple contact dates and SARS incubation periods A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern The severe acute respiratory syndrome The epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the 2003 Hong Kong epidemic: An analysis of all 1755 patients Infectious Disease Expert Li Lanjuan Responded to Six Questions of 2019-nCoV Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study Press Conference of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China on 3 Intraspecies diversity of SARS-like coronaviruses in Rhinolophus sinicus and its implications for the origin of SARS coronaviruses in humans Novel coronavirus: From discovery to clinical diagnostics SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin Host and infectivity prediction of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus using deep learning algorithm Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human Pangolin May Be a Potential Intermediate Host of New Coronavirus. keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; disease; human; mers; patients; pneumonia; protein; sars; severe cache: cord-338973-73a7uvyz.txt plain text: cord-338973-73a7uvyz.txt item: #214 of 243 id: cord-339752-o6atz33c author: Xiao, Li title: ACE2: The Key Molecule for Understanding the Pathophysiology of Severe and Critical Conditions of COVID-19: Demon or Angel? date: 2020-04-28 words: 3976 flesch: 43 summary: As SARS-CoV-2 reduces ACE2 expression, there is not enough ADAM17-shed circulating ACE2 against the Ang II signaling-induced inflammatory injuries, and inflammation is accelerated until the immune system is overwhelmed. As SARS-CoV-2 reduces ACE2 expression, there is not enough ADAM17-shed circulating ACE2 against the Ang II signaling-induced inflammatory injuries, and inflammation is accelerated until the immune system is overwhelmed. keywords: ace2; ang; ang-(1; angiotensin; covid-19; sars; tmprss2 cache: cord-339752-o6atz33c.txt plain text: cord-339752-o6atz33c.txt item: #215 of 243 id: cord-341138-mxjsp3cm author: Denner, Joachim title: Transspecies Transmission of Gammaretroviruses and the Origin of the Gibbon Ape Leukaemia Virus (GaLV) and the Koala Retrovirus (KoRV) date: 2016-12-20 words: 4764 flesch: 41 summary: Evidence for an origin from an endogenous virus of the rodent, Mus caroli Isolation from the asian mouse Mus caroli of an endogenous type C virus related to infectious primate type C viruses Replication of Mus dunni endogenous retrovirus depends on promoter activation followed by enhancer multimerization Discovery of a novel retrovirus sequence in an Australian native rodent (Melomys burtoni): A putative link between gibbon ape leukemia virus and koala retrovirus Endogenous Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus Identified in a Rodent (Melomys burtoni subsp.) from Wallacea (Indonesia) Identification of diverse groups of endogenous gammaretroviruses in mega-and microbats Discovery of retroviral homologs in bats: Implications for the origin of mammalian gammaretroviruses Oncogenicity of gibbon type-C myelogenous leukemia virus C-type virus associated with gibbon lymphosarcoma Lymphosarcomas in two gibbons (Hylobates lar) with associated C-type virus Isolation and tissue distribution of type-C virus and viral components from a gibbon ape (Hylobates lar) with lymphocytic leukemia Gibbon ape leukemia virus-Hall's Island: New strain of gibbon ape leukemia virus Infectious primate type C viruses: Three isolates belonging to a new subgroup from the brains of normal gibbons Is gibbon ape leukaemia virus still a threat? C-type virus in tumor tissue of a woolly monkey (Lagothrix spp.) keywords: bats; endogenous; galv; korv; melomys; retrovirus; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-341138-mxjsp3cm.txt plain text: cord-341138-mxjsp3cm.txt item: #216 of 243 id: cord-341968-uc8i9h0m author: Izaguirre, Gonzalo title: The Proteolytic Regulation of Virus Cell Entry by Furin and Other Proprotein Convertases date: 2019-09-09 words: 7895 flesch: 39 summary: The experimental inactivation of the PC cleavage site of several herpes viruses did not severely affect viral cell entry into cells growing in vitro; however, the lack of PC cleavage reduced virus spread and replication in vivo [36, 37] . PC cleavage site motifs in the coat proteins L1 and L2 of HPV types. keywords: cell; cleavage; cleavage site; furin; fusion; glycoprotein; inhibitors; like; pc cleavage; pcs; processing; proteases; proteins; site; virus; viruses cache: cord-341968-uc8i9h0m.txt plain text: cord-341968-uc8i9h0m.txt item: #217 of 243 id: cord-342130-eo4le4v3 author: Qin, Pan title: Characteristics of the Life Cycle of Porcine Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) In Vitro: Replication Kinetics, Cellular Ultrastructure and Virion Morphology, and Evidence of Inducing Autophagy date: 2019-05-18 words: 4043 flesch: 43 summary: PDCoV infected cells exhibited significant morphologic changes (Figure 2A ,B) compared to uninfected controls ( Figure 2C ,D) at 8 hpi, such as the presence of many cytoplasmic vesicles including dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, DMVs and injured mitochondria. The multiple EM images of zippered ER and small vesicles close to the zippered ER in PDCoV infected cells ( Figure 3C ) suggest that these structures were likely DMV precursors. keywords: autophagy; cells; coronavirus; figure; hpi; infected; infection; membrane; pdcov; replication; virus cache: cord-342130-eo4le4v3.txt plain text: cord-342130-eo4le4v3.txt item: #218 of 243 id: cord-342739-iy9vjpuh author: Schwartz, David A. title: Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections date: 2020-02-10 words: 8446 flesch: 46 summary: However, even if this is the case, there is no doubt that SARS coronavirus infection was found to be associated with severe maternal illness, maternal death, and spontaneous abortion [19, [28] [29] Renal failure (P = 0.006) and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (P = 0.006) developed more frequently in pregnant SARS patients when compared with the non-pregnant SARS group. keywords: cases; coronavirus; cov; epidemic; health; infection; mers; patients; pneumonia; pregnancy; respiratory; sars; syndrome; women cache: cord-342739-iy9vjpuh.txt plain text: cord-342739-iy9vjpuh.txt item: #219 of 243 id: cord-342923-prgorr3d author: Li, Zhonghua title: Cellular hnRNP A1 Interacts with Nucleocapsid Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Impairs Viral Replication date: 2018-03-13 words: 4181 flesch: 51 summary: Austria The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein Molecular characterizations of subcellular localization signals in the nucleocapsid protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus The Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Epitopes on the Nucleocapsid Protein of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Nucleocapsid Interacts with NPM1 and Protects it from Proteolytic Cleavage Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nucleocapsid protein antagonizes β interferon production by sequestering the interaction between IRF3 and TBK1 Cellular hnRNP A2/B1 interacts with the NP of influenza A virus and impacts viral replication The nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus has a high binding affinity to the human cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 Design Principles of a Dynamic RNP Machine Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 in health and neurodegenerative disease: From structural insights to post-transcriptional regulatory roles Isolation of an active gene encoding human hnRNP protein A1: Evidence for alternative splicing The Swiss army knife of gene expression Viral and Cellular mRNA Translation in Coronavirus-Infected Cells Comparative Proteome Analysis of Porcine Jejunum Tissues in Response to a Virulent Strain of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Its Attenuated Strain He, Q. iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of Vero cells infected with virulent and CV777 vaccine strain-like strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Comparative Genomic Analysis of Classical and Variant Virulent Parental/Attenuated Strains of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus The nucleocapsid protein of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus interacts with the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 in vitro and in vivo A1-mediated translational regulation of the G quadruplexcontaining RON receptor tyrosine kinase mRNA linked to tumor progression Cytoplasmic relocalization of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 controls translation initiation of specific mRNAs Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 regulates RNA synthesis of a cytoplasmic virus Multiple Type A/B Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) Can Replace hnRNP A1 in Mouse Hepatitis Virus RNA Synthesis Blocking eIF4E-eIF4G Interaction as a Strategy To Impair Coronavirus Replication Nuclear Proteins Hijacked by Mammalian Cytoplasmic Plus Strand RNA Viruses As shown in Figure 3 , cellular hnRNP A1 protein was only detected in the presence of flag tagged PEDV N by CO-IP. keywords: cells; hnrnp; infection; pedv; protein; replication; strain cache: cord-342923-prgorr3d.txt plain text: cord-342923-prgorr3d.txt item: #220 of 243 id: cord-343690-rafvxgx1 author: Hartmann, Katrin title: Clinical Aspects of Feline Retroviruses: A Review date: 2012-10-31 words: 10295 flesch: 31 summary: In a follow-up study in naturally FIVinfected cats, the rate of progression was variable, with death occurring in about 18% of infected cats within the first two years of observation (about five years after the estimated time of infection). Although the majority of FIV-infected cats do not show clinically overt neurologic signs, a much higher proportion of infected cats have microscopic CNS lesions. keywords: antigen; bone; cats; cells; disease; feline; felv; felv infection; fiv; immune; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; infected; infection; leukemia; lymphoma; marrow; virus cache: cord-343690-rafvxgx1.txt plain text: cord-343690-rafvxgx1.txt item: #221 of 243 id: cord-345472-qrddwebe author: Sebina, Ismail title: The Contribution of Neutrophils to the Pathogenesis of RSV Bronchiolitis date: 2020-07-27 words: 8213 flesch: 23 summary: Mice lacking CCL3 or its receptor CCR1 display significantly reduced numbers of airway neutrophils in response to infection with PVM Intriguingly, in an ex vivo model, this process was diminished, with an agonistic antibody directed against LAIR-1, which was shown to be elevated on airway neutrophils but not on circulating neutrophils [117] . keywords: airway; asthma; bronchiolitis; cells; disease; function; infants; infection; inflammation; lung; mice; neutrophil; production; rsv; rsv bronchiolitis; virus cache: cord-345472-qrddwebe.txt plain text: cord-345472-qrddwebe.txt item: #222 of 243 id: cord-345651-admlzeu4 author: Wang, Gang title: The N-Terminal Domain of Spike Protein Is Not the Enteric Tropism Determinant for Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus in Piglets date: 2019-03-30 words: 6244 flesch: 40 summary: The 43.5-kilodalton band of TGEV N protein ( Figure 2C ) and the marker mutation at position 4553 in the TGEV genome ( Figures 1B and 2D ) confirmed the recovery of the TGEV-GFP recombinant virus. The 43.5-kilodalton band of TGEV N protein ( Figure 2C ) and the marker mutation at position 4553 in the TGEV genome ( Figures 1B and 2D ) confirmed the recovery of the TGEV-GFP recombinant virus. keywords: bac; clone; coronavirus; figure; gfp; gfp bac; pcr; piglets; protein; s_ntd224; tgev; virus cache: cord-345651-admlzeu4.txt plain text: cord-345651-admlzeu4.txt item: #223 of 243 id: cord-346836-6jyv0q5e author: Ikegami, Tetsuro title: The Pathogenesis of Rift Valley Fever date: 2011-05-06 words: 10467 flesch: 44 summary: I. General features of the infection Rift valley fever virus hepatitis: Light and electron microscopic studies in the mouse Pathogenicity of different strains of rift valley fever virus in swiss albino mice The feulgen reaction 75 years on Demonstration of nuclear immunofluorescence in rift valley fever infected cells Identification of a major non-structural protein in the nuclei of rift valley fever virus-infected cells The carboxy-terminal acidic domain of rift valley fever virus nss protein is essential for the formation of filamentous structures but not for the nuclear localization of the protein Rapid accumulation of virulent rift valley fever virus in mice from an attenuated virus carrying a single nucleotide substitution in the m rna The susceptibility of rats to rift valley fever in relation to age Pathogenesis of rift valley fever Inbred rat strains mimic the disparate human response to rift valley fever virus infection Pathogenesis of rift valley fever virus (rvfv) in inbred rats Resistance to rift valley fever virus in rattus norvegicus: Genetic variability within certain 'inbred' strains Active and passive immunization against rift valley fever virus infection in syrian hamsters The gerbil, meriones unguiculatus, a model for rift valley fever viral encephalitis Experimental rift valley fever in rhesus macaques Pathogenesis of rift valley fever in rhesus monkeys: Role of interferon response Prevention of rift valley fever in rhesus monkeys with interferon-alpha The infectivity of rift valley fever for monkeys Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis Replication and dissemination of rift valley fever virus in culex pipiens Vector potential of selected north american mosquito species for rift valley fever virus Vector competence of a houston, texas strain of aedes albopictus for rift valley fever virus Report of a fatal laboratory infection complicated by thrombophlebitis Laboratory infections with the virus of rift valley fever Am Rift valley fever : A report of three cases of laboratory infection and the experimental transmission of the disease to ferrets Human infection with rift valley fever virus and immunity twelve years after single attack Rift valley fever; accidental infections among laboratory workers Rift valley fever; i. keywords: cells; days; fever; fever virus; host; infection; liver; mice; nss; patients; protein; rats; replication; rift; rift valley; rna; rvfv; valley; valley fever; virus; week cache: cord-346836-6jyv0q5e.txt plain text: cord-346836-6jyv0q5e.txt item: #224 of 243 id: cord-347053-m5m4zgfy author: Pharo, Elizabeth A. title: Host–Pathogen Responses to Pandemic Influenza H1N1pdm09 in a Human Respiratory Airway Model date: 2020-06-24 words: 9497 flesch: 40 summary: The interaction between respiratory pathogens and mucus Muc5b is required for airway defence The frontline defence of the lung Clinical aspects and cytokine response in severe H1N1 influenza A virus infection Influenza H5N1 and H1N1 virus replication and innate immune responses in bronchial epithelial cells are influenced by the state of differentiation Intensive cytokine induction in pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection accompanied by robust production of IL-10 and IL-6 Influenza virus damages the alveolar barrier by disrupting epithelial cell tight junctions Cytokine responses in patients with mild or severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Inflammatory responses in influenza A virus infection The interferon-inducible protein viperin inhibits influenza virus release by perturbing lipid rafts Genenames.org: The HGNC and VGNC resources in 2019 Rhinovirus-induced barrier dysfunction in polarized airway epithelial cells is mediated by NADPH oxidase 1 Innate immune recognition in infectious and noninfectious diseases of the lung Innate immunity in the lung: How epithelial cells fight against respiratory pathogens Collectins and cationic antimicrobial peptides of the respiratory epithelia Structure and function of the polymeric mucins in airways mucus Influenza A induces the major secreted airway mucin MUC5AC in a protease-EGFR-extracellular regulated kinase-Sp1-dependent pathway A review of inflammatory mechanism in airway diseases Respiratory epithelial cells as master communicators during viral infections Airway epithelial differentiation and mucociliary clearance Identification and functions of pattern-recognition receptors Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses Influenza virus activation of the interferon system The innate immune function of airway epithelial cells in inflammatory lung disease Respiratory epithelial cells in innate immunity to influenza virus infection A protein-interaction network of interferon-stimulated genes extends the innate immune system landscape Interferon-stimulated genes: A complex web of host defenses Induction and evasion of type I interferon responses by influenza viruses Interferon-stimulated genes: What do they all do? Delayed clearance of viral load and marked cytokine activation in severe cases of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection Cytokine and chemokine profiles in lung tissues from fatal cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1): Role of the host immune response in pathogenesis Th1 and Th17 hypercytokinemia as early host response signature in severe pandemic influenza Integrated analysis of microRNA-mRNA expression in A549 cells infected with influenza A viruses (IAVs) from different host species IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 (CXCL10) contributes to airway hyperreactivity and airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma CXCL10/IP-10 in infectious diseases pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications Synergistic up-regulation of CXCL10 by virus and IFN gamma in human airway epithelial cells Innate immune response to H3N2 and H1N1 influenza virus infection in a human lung organ culture model Human airway epithelial cells produce IP-10 (CXCL10) in vitro and in vivo upon rhinovirus infection Modulating the innate immune response to influenza A virus: Influenza A viruses damage apical junctional complexes and alter the cell cytoskeleton and morphology of airway epithelial cells [34, 35, 83] . keywords: airway; cells; epithelium; expression; figure; h1n1pdm09; human; iav; infection; influenza; mock; pandemic; poly(i; response; teer; virus; vitro; wdnhbe cache: cord-347053-m5m4zgfy.txt plain text: cord-347053-m5m4zgfy.txt item: #225 of 243 id: cord-347362-e4paw26n author: Klein-Richers, Ute title: Prevalence of Feline Coronavirus Shedding in German Catteries and Associated Risk Factors date: 2020-09-08 words: 4610 flesch: 48 summary: The proportion of shedding cats identified was significantly higher when all four samples of each cat were taken into account compared to only one sample per cat (76.5% and 61.5%, respectively; Table 2 ). Second, it has been shown in previous studies that keeping cat populations with more than five cats free of FCoV is extremely difficult, due to the ubiquitous nature of the virus and the ease of transmission keywords: cats; coronavirus; fcov; feline; prevalence; risk; shedding; study cache: cord-347362-e4paw26n.txt plain text: cord-347362-e4paw26n.txt item: #226 of 243 id: cord-348968-0yoq0geu author: Zhang, Maodong title: Assessment of Metagenomic Sequencing and qPCR for Detection of Influenza D Virus in Bovine Respiratory Tract Samples date: 2020-07-28 words: 5720 flesch: 40 summary: Therefore, virus enrichment is commonly applied to clinical samples and enrichment methods such as those used in this study (a combination of centrifugation and nuclease-treatment) should lead to removal of bacteria and host cells, thus improving virus detection [32] . While the majority of IDV positive samples with Cq value below 31 were detected by MiSeq, only 1/36 samples with a Cq above this threshold were positive by sequencing (Figure 2 ). keywords: detection; house; idv; miseq; nanopore; reads; samples; sequencing; virus; viruses; wimp cache: cord-348968-0yoq0geu.txt plain text: cord-348968-0yoq0geu.txt item: #227 of 243 id: cord-349011-kxhpdvri author: Grandvaux, Nathalie title: CSV2018: The 2nd Symposium of the Canadian Society for Virology date: 2019-01-18 words: 8846 flesch: 37 summary: Traditionally, flow cytometry has been a very useful approach to study virus infection on a single-cell basis, but viruses themselves have been too small to analyze due to the 0.5 µm resolution of most instruments. Dr. Noyce discussed the technical challenges associated with using synthetic biology as a tool to build new viruses, as well as biosafety and ethical considerations. keywords: antiviral; cas; cells; crispr; dalhousie; genome; host; human; infection; nuclear; pandemic; receptors; research; rna; science; session; studies; university; vaccine; virus; viruses cache: cord-349011-kxhpdvri.txt plain text: cord-349011-kxhpdvri.txt item: #228 of 243 id: cord-349117-xfir3m5p author: Hyseni, Inesa title: Characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 Lentiviral Pseudotypes and Correlation between Pseudotype-Based Neutralisation Assays and Live Virus-Based Micro Neutralisation Assays date: 2020-09-10 words: 8326 flesch: 46 summary: SARS CoV-2 strain 2019-nCov/Italy wild-type virus (LV), which was handled in a level 3 bio-containment facility (BSL 3), was used as positive control in order to evaluate the spike glycoprotein expression, while a ∆-envelope pseudotype, prepared with the same procedure, was used as a negative control. SARS CoV-2 strain 2019-nCov/Italy wild-type virus (LV), which was handled in a level 3 biocontainment facility (BSL 3), was used as positive control in order to evaluate the spike glycoprotein expression, while a Δ-envelope pseudotype, prepared with the same procedure, was used as a negative control. keywords: cell; cov-2; human; kda; lines; mnt; pnt; protein; pseudotypes; sars; titres; virus cache: cord-349117-xfir3m5p.txt plain text: cord-349117-xfir3m5p.txt item: #229 of 243 id: cord-349560-8n65rgfz author: Kleines, Michael title: WU Polyomavirus (WUPyV): A Recently Detected Virus Causing Respiratory Disease? date: 2009-11-04 words: 4055 flesch: 42 summary: The discovery of novel respiratory viruses has the potential to diminish the diagnostic gap for respiratory tract infections. Respiratory tract infections are a major cause of hospital admission in infants and young children. keywords: children; detection; disease; human; infections; tract; virus; wupyv cache: cord-349560-8n65rgfz.txt plain text: cord-349560-8n65rgfz.txt item: #230 of 243 id: cord-350964-0jtfc271 author: Van Nguyen, Dung title: Detection and Characterization of Homologues of Human Hepatitis Viruses and Pegiviruses in Rodents and Bats in Vietnam date: 2018-02-28 words: 4804 flesch: 47 summary: Several factors may contribute to the risk of zoonotic rodent or bat virus transmission. Rodent hepacivirus sequences (360 nucleotides) formed two well supported clades (Figure 2a) . keywords: bat; hbv; hepacivirus; hepatitis; pegivirus; rats; rodent; samples; sequences; species; viruses cache: cord-350964-0jtfc271.txt plain text: cord-350964-0jtfc271.txt item: #231 of 243 id: cord-351228-hpo8bboi author: Wasilenko, Shawn T. title: Is there a Role for Cyclophilin Inhibitors in the Management of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis? date: 2013-01-24 words: 4277 flesch: 31 summary: The immunosuppression regimens used in the 1990s probably contributed to an era effect, when PBC patients undergoing liver transplantation experienced a lower incidence of disease recurrence. Primary biliary cirrhosis: A 2010 update Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis controlled trial of ursodiol for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. keywords: aih; biliary; cirrhosis; liver; novo; patients; pbc; transplantation cache: cord-351228-hpo8bboi.txt plain text: cord-351228-hpo8bboi.txt item: #232 of 243 id: cord-351365-dc9t3vh3 author: Todt, Daniel title: Mutagenic Effects of Ribavirin on Hepatitis E Virus—Viral Extinction versus Selection of Fitness-Enhancing Mutations date: 2016-10-13 words: 6337 flesch: 36 summary: From Error Catastrophe to Lethal Defection Counteracting quasispecies adaptability: Extinction of a ribavirin-resistant virus mutant by an alternative mutagenic treatment Potential benefits of sequential inhibitor-mutagen treatments of RNA virus infections Antiviral Strategies Based on Lethal Mutagenesis and Error Threshold Pegylated interferon-alpha for treating chronic hepatitis E virus infection after liver transplantation Treatment of chronic hepatitis E in liver transplant recipients with pegylated interferon alpha-2b Antiviral Activities of Different Interferon Types and Subtypes against Hepatitis E Virus Replication Disparity of basal and therapeutically activated interferon signalling in constraining hepatitis E virus infection Viral hepatitis during pregnancy Incidence and severity of viral hepatitis in pregnancy Following an overview of RNA viruses treated with RBV in clinics and a summary of the different antiviral modes of action of this drug, we focus on the mutagenic effect of RBV on HEV intrahost populations, and how HEV is able to overcome lethal mutagenesis. keywords: antiviral; effect; hcv; hepatitis; hev; infection; rbv; replication; ribavirin; rna; treatment; virus; viruses cache: cord-351365-dc9t3vh3.txt plain text: cord-351365-dc9t3vh3.txt item: #233 of 243 id: cord-351377-xorj8tnz author: Kao, Chi-Fei title: The Characterization of Immunoprotection Induced by a cDNA Clone Derived from the Attenuated Taiwan Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Pintung 52 Strain date: 2018-10-04 words: 5964 flesch: 41 summary: Swine enteric coronavirus disease: A review of 4 years with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus in the United States and Canada Lactogenic immunity and vaccines for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV): Historical and current concepts Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: An emerging and re-emerging epizootic swine virus Experimental infection of a US spike-insertion deletion porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in conventional nursing piglets and cross-protection to the original US PEDV infection Previous infection of sows with a mild strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus confers protection against infection with a severe Evaluation of serological cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization between the United States porcine epidemic diarrhea virus prototype and S-INDEL-variant strains Evaluation of the efficacy of a commercial inactivated genogroup 2b-based porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) vaccine and experimental live genogroup 1b exposure against 2b challenge Bioinformatics insight into the spike glycoprotein gene of field porcine epidemic diarrhea strains during 2011-2013 in Guangdong, China Distinct characteristics and complex evolution of PEDV strains Evaluation and Comparison of the Pathogenicity and Host Immune Responses Induced by a G2b Taiwan Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Strain Pintung 52) and Its Highly Cell-Culture Passaged Strain in Conventional 5-Week-Old Pigs Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin Manipulation of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus genome using targeted RNA recombination Genetic manipulation of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus recovered from a full-length infectious cDNA clone Characterization of a pathogenic full-length cDNA clone of a virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain AH2012/12 in China Development of the full-length cDNA clones of two porcine epidemic diarrhea disease virus isolates with different virulence Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A Strategy for systematic assembly of large RNA and DNA genomes: transmissible gastroenteritis virus model An efficient one-step site-directed deletion, insertion, single and multiple-site plasmid mutagenesis protocol Efficacy of heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit-adjuvanted parenteral porcine epidemic diarrhea virus trimeric spike subunit vaccine in piglets Ribavirin-resistant variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus: the effect of restricted quasispecies diversity on viral virulence Quasispecies diversity determines pathogenesis through cooperative interactions in a viral population Viral quasispecies Quasispecies Theory in Virology Virus-based vectors for gene expression in mammalian cells Coronaviruses as vectors: Stability of foreign gene expression Recombination in large RNA viruses: Coronaviruses. A new coronavirus-like particle associated with diarrhea in swine Genome organization of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus New variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, China Pathology of US Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC21A in Gnotobiotic Pigs Phylogenetic Analysis of the Spike (S) Gene of the New Variants of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus in Taiwan keywords: cdna; cells; diarrhea; epidemic; figure; group; p96; pedvpt; piglets; porcine; titer; vero; virus cache: cord-351377-xorj8tnz.txt plain text: cord-351377-xorj8tnz.txt item: #234 of 243 id: cord-351489-tzmev77c author: Yuan, Shuofeng title: Broad-Spectrum Host-Based Antivirals Targeting the Interferon and Lipogenesis Pathways as Potential Treatment Options for the Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) date: 2020-06-10 words: 5058 flesch: 27 summary: The most prominent reduction in viral N antigen expression was observed in cells treated with Avonex, Rebif, Betaferon, and AM580, which achieved similar degree To quantify the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the identified antiviral agents in the primary screening and the viral N antigen expression assay, SARS-CoV-2 viral load reduction assay by qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies released in the cell culture supernatant with or without antiviral agent treatment. As To quantify the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the identified antiviral agents in the primary screening and the viral N antigen expression assay, SARS-CoV-2 viral load reduction assay by qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies released in the cell culture supernatant with or without antiviral agent treatment. keywords: agents; assay; cells; cov-2; hydroxycholesterol; ifn; load; reduction; rna; sars; viral; virus cache: cord-351489-tzmev77c.txt plain text: cord-351489-tzmev77c.txt item: #235 of 243 id: cord-351760-698voi9y author: Han, Hui-Ju title: Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies as Promising Therapeutics against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection date: 2018-11-30 words: 4167 flesch: 45 summary: Development of therapeutic neutralizing mAbs targeting those critically conserved residues might be important for combating MERS-CoV. Moreover, a study found a mouse-derived neutralizing mAb, 5F9, which bound to a possible linear epitope in the NTD of the MERS-CoV S1 subunit, exhibited efficient neutralizing activity against pseudovirus and live MERS-CoV in cell entry tests. There are no approved vaccines or therapies for MERS until now. keywords: binding; cov; human; infection; mabs; mers; neutralizing; rbd cache: cord-351760-698voi9y.txt plain text: cord-351760-698voi9y.txt item: #236 of 243 id: cord-351955-9l4786lb author: Pedersen, Niels C. title: Significance of Coronavirus Mutants in Feces and Diseased Tissues of Cats Suffering from Feline Infectious Peritonitis date: 2009-08-26 words: 6791 flesch: 54 summary: There is also evidence that FIPV may have been shed in urine of FIPV infected cats [35] , and that coronavirus may be present in the blood, especially among younger cats [36] . As with the earlier study [17] , all or almost all of the fecal isolates from diseased cats and a healthy contact control animal had intact 3c genes. keywords: cats; coronavirus; fecv; feline; fip; fipv; genes; isolates; mutations; sequence cache: cord-351955-9l4786lb.txt plain text: cord-351955-9l4786lb.txt item: #237 of 243 id: cord-352007-3djwbivp author: Xiang, Qi title: Beclin1 Binds to Enterovirus 71 3D Protein to Promote the Virus Replication date: 2020-07-14 words: 6962 flesch: 41 summary: However, the BECN1 RNA level ( Figure 1C ,G) and Beclin1 protein level ( Figure 1E ,I) were not significantly altered. However, the BECN1 RNA level ( Figure 1C and 1G) and Beclin1 protein level ( Figure 1E and 1I) were not significantly altered. keywords: autophagy; beclin1; cells; ev71; ev71 replication; figure; flag; infection; level; protein; replication; rna cache: cord-352007-3djwbivp.txt plain text: cord-352007-3djwbivp.txt item: #238 of 243 id: cord-352527-eeyqh9nc author: Zhou, Yusen title: Advances in MERS-CoV Vaccines and Therapeutics Based on the Receptor-Binding Domain date: 2019-01-14 words: 5878 flesch: 37 summary: An epidemiological outbreak study Outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome at tertiary care hospital Transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections in healthcare settings Hospital-associated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections Hospital-associated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections Family cluster of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections Healthcare-associated infections: The hallmark of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus with review of the literature Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: A report of nosocomial transmission Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Persistence of antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Presence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in Saudi Arabia: A nationwide, cross-sectional, serological study Feasibility of using convalescent plasma immunotherapy for MERS-CoV infection, Saudi Arabia Feasibility, safety, clinical, and laboratory effects of convalescent plasma therapy for patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: A study protocol Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: A single centre experience Safety and tolerability of a novel, polyclonal human anti-MERS coronavirus antibody produced from transchromosomic cattle: A phase 1 randomised, double-blind, single-dose-escalation study Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine Current advancements and potential strategies in the development of MERS-CoV vaccines Is the discovery of the novel human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012 (HCoV-EMC) the beginning of another SARS-like pandemic? CoV spike protein: A key target for antivirals Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Engineering a replication-competent, propagation-defective Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus as a vaccine candidate Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of the Middle East Report of two cases & review of the literature MERS-CoV infection in a pregnant woman in Korea Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in pediatrics: A report of seven cases from Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection during pregnancy: A Report of 5 cases from Saudi Arabia An outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in South Korea Probable transmission chains of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the multiple generations of secondary infection in South Korea Further evidence for bats as the evolutionary source of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Bat origins of MERS-CoV supported by bat coronavirus HKU4 usage of human receptor CD26 Receptor usage and cell entry of bat coronavirus HKU4 provide insight into bat-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus Replication and shedding of MERS-CoV in Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) Discovery of novel bat coronaviruses in south China that use the same receptor as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Rapid detection of MERS coronavirus-like viruses in bats: Pote1ntial for tracking MERS coronavirus transmission and animal origin Receptor usage of a novel bat lineage C Betacoronavirus reveals evolution of Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus spike proteins for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 binding MERS-CoV spillover at the camel-human interface Prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels in Abu Dhabi Emirate Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: An outbreak investigation High prevalence of MERS-CoV infection in camel workers in Saudi Arabia The prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) antibodies in dromedary camels in Israel Serologic evidence for MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels Sero-prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) specific antibodies in dromedary camels in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia Dromedary camels in northern Mali have high seropositivity to MERS-CoV Cross-sectional surveillance of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels and other mammals in Egypt Serological evidence of MERS-CoV antibodies in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Laikipia county Reported direct and indirect contact with dromedary camels among laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission Unusual presentation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus leading to a large outbreak in Riyadh during 2017 Outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome in two hospitals initiated by a single patient in Daejeon MERS-CoV outbreak following a single patient exposure in an emergency room in South Korea: keywords: binding; coronavirus; cov; dpp4; east; human; mers; middle; protein; rbd; receptor; respiratory; syndrome cache: cord-352527-eeyqh9nc.txt plain text: cord-352527-eeyqh9nc.txt item: #239 of 243 id: cord-352619-s2x53grh author: Payne, Natalie title: Novel Circoviruses Detected in Feces of Sonoran Felids date: 2020-09-15 words: 3266 flesch: 37 summary: Phylogenetic analyses reveal that one circovirus species is more closely related to rodent associated circoviruses and the other to bat associated circoviruses, sharing highest genome-wide pairwise identity of approximately 70% and 63%, respectively. [12] and antibodies to CDV, feline panleukopenia virus, feline calicivirus, and feline enteric coronavirus have been detected in pumas from southern Arizona [13] , other viruses circulating in populations of Sonoran felids are largely unknown. keywords: associated; circoviruses; dna; felids; feline; genbank; genomes; identity; novel; populations; species cache: cord-352619-s2x53grh.txt plain text: cord-352619-s2x53grh.txt item: #240 of 243 id: cord-353365-ujz5nkk3 author: Pirnay, Jean-Paul title: Study of a SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in a Belgian Military Education and Training Center in Maradi, Niger date: 2020-08-27 words: 4785 flesch: 48 summary: Based, among others, on this epidemiological study, the medical military command decided to continue testing Belgian soldiers for SARS-CoV-2 viral load and antibodies, and this two to three days before a mission abroad or on the high seas, and for specific missions immediately upon their return. Five of them exhibited COVID-19 symptoms (mainly anosmia, ageusia, and fever), while four were asymptomatic. keywords: belgium; cov-2; covid-19; data; genomes; maradi; military; niger; samples; sars; soldiers; symptoms; table cache: cord-353365-ujz5nkk3.txt plain text: cord-353365-ujz5nkk3.txt item: #241 of 243 id: cord-353609-no3mbg5d author: Vandegrift, Kurt J. title: An Ecological and Conservation Perspective on Advances in the Applied Virology of Zoonoses date: 2011-04-15 words: 6927 flesch: 39 summary: Recently, it has been demonstrated that the pathogens of host populations might also be useful to this end. Unfortunately, the very characteristics that make viruses useful for estimating host population structure and demography may also impede the analyses. keywords: conservation; disease; dynamics; ecology; host; human; molecular; pathogens; population; rabies; risk; species; transmission; vaccination; viruses; wildlife cache: cord-353609-no3mbg5d.txt plain text: cord-353609-no3mbg5d.txt item: #242 of 243 id: cord-354068-4qlk6y7h author: Friedrich, Brian M. title: Potential Vaccines and Post-Exposure Treatments for Filovirus Infections date: 2012-09-21 words: 10618 flesch: 39 summary: (green monkey disease) Evaluation of immune globulin and recombinant interferon-alpha2b for treatment of experimental ebola virus infections Neutralizing antibody fails to impact the course of ebola virus infection in monkeys Protective efficacy of neutralizing antibodies against ebola virus infection Antibody-dependent enhancement of marburg virus infection Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of ebola virus infection Antibody-dependent enhancement of ebola virus infection Recombinant human monoclonal antibodies to ebola virus Pre-and postexposure prophylaxis of ebola virus infection in an animal model by passive transfer of a neutralizing human antibody Epitopes involved in antibody-mediated protection from ebola virus Postexposure antibody prophylaxis protects nonhuman primates from filovirus disease Protective efficacy of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in a nonhuman primate model of ebola hemorrhagic fever Successful treatment of ebola virus-infected cynomolgus macaques with monoclonal antibodies Enhanced potency of a fucose-free monoclonal antibody being developed as an ebola virus immunoprotectant Characterization of zaire ebolavirus glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies Neutralizing ebolavirus: Structural insights into the envelope glycoprotein and antibodies targeted against it A DNA vaccine for ebola virus is safe and immunogenic in a phase i clinical trial Immune protection of nonhuman primates against ebola virus with single low-dose adenovirus vectors encoding modified gps Development of a preventive vaccine for ebola virus infection in primates A replication defective recombinant ad5 vaccine expressing ebola virus gp is safe and immunogenic in healthy adults Vaccine to confer to nonhuman primates complete protection against multistrain ebola and marburg virus infections Protection of nonhuman primates against two species of ebola virus infection with a single complex adenovirus vector Enhanced protection against ebola virus mediated by an improved adenovirusbased vaccine A single sublingual dose of an adenovirus-based vaccine protects against lethal ebola challenge in mice and guinea pigs Recombinant adenovirus serotype 26 (ad26) and ad35 vaccine vectors bypass immunity to ad5 and protect nonhuman primates against ebolavirus challenge Rhabdoviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication Vesicular stomatitis virus-based ebola vaccine is well-tolerated and protects immunocompromised nonhuman primates Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine vectors expressing filovirus glycoproteins lack neurovirulence in nonhuman primates Single-injection vaccine protects nonhuman primates against infection with marburg virus and three species of ebola virus Cross-protection against marburg virus strains by using a live, attenuated recombinant vaccine Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector mediates postexposure protection against sudan ebola hemorrhagic fever in nonhuman primates Effective post-exposure treatment of ebola infection Inactivated or liveattenuated bivalent vaccines that confer protection against rabies and ebola viruses Replicon-helper systems from attenuated venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: Expression of heterologous genes in vitro and immunization against heterologous pathogens in vivo Recombinant rna replicons derived from attenuated venezuelan equine encephalitis virus protect guinea pigs and mice from ebola hemorrhagic fever virus Marburg virus vaccines based upon alphavirus replicons protect guinea pigs and nonhuman primates Vaccine potential of ebola virus vp24, vp30, vp35, and vp40 proteins Protective cytotoxic t-cell responses induced by venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons expressing ebola virus proteins A single intranasal inoculation with a paramyxovirus-vectored vaccine protects guinea pigs against a lethal-dose ebola virus challenge Successful topical respiratory tract immunization of primates against ebola virus Parainfluenza viruses Mucosal parainfluenza virus-vectored vaccine against ebola virus replicates in the respiratory tract of vector-immune monkeys and is immunogenic Recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing a foreign viral antigen is attenuated and highly immunogenic in primates Newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccines expressing the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase protein of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus protect against virus challenge in monkeys Respiratory tract immunization of non-human primates with a newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccine candidate against ebola virus elicits a neutralizing antibody response Ebola virus vp40-induced particle formation and association with the lipid bilayer Contribution of ebola virus glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, and vp24 to budding of vp40 virus-like particles Ebola virus-like particle-based vaccine protects nonhuman primates against lethal ebola virus challenge Monovalent virus-like particle vaccine protects guinea pigs and nonhuman primates against infection with multiple marburg viruses Filovirus-like particles produced in insect cells: Immunogenicity and protection in rodents Ebola virus vp40-induced particle formation and association with the lipid bilayer Ebola virus vp40 drives the formation of virus-like filamentous particles along with gp Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rotavirus 2/6-virus-like particles produced by a dual baculovirus expression vector and administered intramuscularly, intranasally, or orally to mice Expression and self-assembly of empty virus-like particles of hepatitis e virus Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune responses following intravaginal immunization with human papillomavirus 16 l1 virus-like particle vaccine in thermosensitive mucoadhesive delivery systems Intranasal immunization with siv virus-like particles (vlps) elicits systemic and mucosal immunity Protection against lethal challenge by ebola virus-like particles produced in insect cells Ebola virus-like particles produced in insect cells exhibit dendritic cell stimulating activity and induce neutralizing antibodies Immunogenicity of the outer domain of a hiv-1 clade c gp120 Increased potency of fc-receptor-targeted antigens Cross-reactive hiv-1-neutralizing activity of serum igg from a rabbit immunized with gp41 fused to igg1 fc: Possible role of the prolonged half-life of the immunogen Ebola virus glycoprotein fc fusion protein confers protection against lethal challenge in vaccinated mice Transgenic plants as protein factories Monoclonal antibody manufacturing in transgenic plants--myths and realities High-level rapid production of full-size monoclonal antibodies in plants by a single-vector DNA replicon system Recombinant pharmaceuticals from plants: The plant endomembrane system as bioreactor Expression of an immunogenic ebola immune complex in nicotiana benthamiana A replicating cytomegalovirus-based vaccine encoding a single ebola virus nucleoprotein ctl epitope confers protection against ebola virus Effector memory t cell responses are associated with protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge Broadly targeted human cytomegalovirus-specific cd4+ and cd8+ t cells dominate the memory compartments of exposed subjects Human cytomegalovirus tropism for endothelial cells: Not all endothelial cells are created equal Profound early control of highly pathogenic siv by an effector memory t-cell vaccine Chimeric human parainfluenza virus bearing the ebola virus glycoprotein as the sole surface protein is immunogenic and highly protective against ebola virus challenge Disseminated intravascular coagulation ( dic) Coli septic shock is prevented by blocking tissue factor with monoclonal antibody Treatment of ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor: A study in rhesus monkeys Dose-response study of recombinant factor viia/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement Recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, an inhibitor of the tissue factor/factor viia complex, in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty Marburg virus angola infection of rhesus macaques: Pathogenesis and treatment with recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 Cell penetrating peptide conjugates of steric block oligonucleotides keywords: antibody; cells; challenge; ebola; ebov; exposure; filovirus; human; immune; immunity; infection; lethal; marv; mice; nhps; potential; protection; protein; recombinant; treatment; vaccine; vector; virus cache: cord-354068-4qlk6y7h.txt plain text: cord-354068-4qlk6y7h.txt item: #243 of 243 id: cord-354738-4rxradwz author: Kohl, Claudia title: European Bats as Carriers of Viruses with Zoonotic Potential date: 2014-08-13 words: 4799 flesch: 45 summary: Especially the high-risk occupational groups (i.e., bat workers, bat carers in bat bat hospitals) are at increased risk. [9] [10] , while hardly anything is known about human-pathogenicity of European bat viruses apart from lyssaviruses. keywords: bat; bats; cov; european; human; lyssavirus; mers; novel; species; studies; viruses; zoonotic cache: cord-354738-4rxradwz.txt plain text: cord-354738-4rxradwz.txt