02_Babytsky_06_2022.indd UDC 595.771(477) NEW RECORDS OF SCIARID SPECIES (DIPTERA, SCIARIDAE) FROM UKRAINE. IV A. I. Babytskiy1,2*, N. V. Rubanovska3, O. O. Bezsmertna4,5 1Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine vul. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, Kyiv, 01054 Ukraine 2National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine vul. Heroiv Oborony, 13, Kyiv, 03041 Ukraine 3Ivan Ohienko Kamyanets-Podilsky National University vul. Ohienka, 61, Kamyanets-Podilskyi town, Khmelnytskyi Region, 32300 Ukraine 4Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv vul. Volodymyrska, 60, Kyiv, 01033 Ukraine 5Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park vul. Nezalezhnosti, 18, Kivertsi, Volyn Region 45200, Ukraine *Corresponding author E-mail: andriybabytskiy@gmail.com A. I. Babytskiy (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-0319) N. V. Rubanovska (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1301-9881) O. O. Bezsmertna (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-8878) New Records of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Ukraine. IV. Babytskiy,  A.  I., Rubanovska, N. V., Bezsmertna, O. O. — Five species of black fungus gnats are recorded from Ukraine for the fi rst time: Bradysia forfi culata (Bezzi, 1914), B. lobata Hondru, 1968, B. normalis Frey, 1948, B. urticae Mohrig & Menzel, 1992 and Lycoriella sativae (Johannsen, 1912). Distributions of these species are summarized and their diagnoses are provided. K e y w o r d s : biodiversity, black fungus gnats, distribution, Europe, morphology, Sciaroidea. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A29A417E-BAA0-4AB4-AB3B-638ADA49ABCC Introduction Th e information about species diversity, distribution, and biological peculiarities of Sciaridae (Diptera) in Ukraine remains extremely scarce. Th e last version of the Sciaridae checklist (Babytskiy et al., 2022) contains 96 species from 17 genera in 168 localities, but we expect approximately 400 sciarid species to occur in Ukraine. Th e diversity of Sciaridae in Ukraine revealed only up to 25 % of the species number presumed to exist here (Babytskiy et al., 2018). Despite our research running from 2012 and covering almost all of the regions, the sciarid collections from the territory of Ukraine are still fragmentary. In our previously published species list (Babytskiy et al., 2022), we gave a wrong locality for Corynoptera inundata Fritz, 1982 in the Transcarpathian Region, so this species was known for Ukraine only from Camaño Portela et al. (2008) publication without a specifi ed location, and our later collection from Ternopil Region (Camaño Portela et al., 2008; Babytskiy et al., 2022). In this paper, we publish data on fi ve sciarid species previously not registered in Ukraine, four in Bradysia Winnertz, 1867 and one in Lycoriella Frey, 1942. As the result, number 101 species in 17 genera of Sciaridae have been registered in Ukraine. Th is article continues the series of papers presenting the fi rst records of sciarid species from Ukraine (Babytskiy et al., 2019 b; Babytskiy et al., 2020; Babytskiy & Bezsmertna, 2021). Zoodiversity, 56(6): 435–446, 2022 DOI 10.15407/zoo2022.06.435 Fauna and Systematics 436 A. I. Babytskiy, N. V. Rubanovska, O. O. Bezsmertna Material and methods Material for this study was collected in expeditions and excursions carried out during the fi eld seasons of the years 2016 and 2017. Adult sciarids were collected with a sweepnet, a Malaise trap set on the vegetable gardens or directly from the substrate with an aspirator. Collected gnats were stored in 5 ml vials containing 70 % ethanol. During preparation in the laboratory, the male specimens were dehydrated in absolute ethanol and then mounted on slides in Euparal. Th e specimens were studied with MBS-9 and PZO Biolar microscopes equipped with Nikon D90 cameras; images were processed using NKRemote Version 2.2.1, AxioVision Version 4.6.3, Adobe Illustrator CC 2017 and Photoshop CC 2018 programs, and stacked using Helicon Focus 6.7.1 open-source soft ware. All of the material that was examined as a part of this study is kept in the funds of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv (SIZK) as Andriy Babytskiy’s collections (PABK) and publicly available data is on the Ukrainian Biodiversity Information Network, UkrBIN (Babytskiy, 2018). Individual catalogue numbers of the vouchers in the UkrBIN are given (e. g., UkrBIN-795857). PABK collection numbers are also provided for all specimens (e. g., No. 158). Morphological terminology follows the handbook of Palaearctic sciarids by Menzel & Mohrig (1997). Diagnoses of the discussed species are generally based on examined specimens from Ukraine, in consideration of the keys, original descriptions, and re-descriptions by Johannsen (1912, 1929), Frey (1948), Tuomikoski (1960), Hondru (1968), Loudon (1978), Freeman (1983), Mohrig & Menzel (1992; 1993) and Menzel & Mohrig (2000). Th e taxonomy and nomenclature of Bradysia and Lycoriella follow Menzel & Mohrig (2000) and Vilkamaa & Menzel (2019). Results Bradysia Winnertz, 1867 Bradysia forfi culata (Bezzi, 1914) (fi gs 1–3) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d . Ukraine, Kyiv Region: Kyiv City, Koncha-Zaspa District, Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, 50.24597° N, 30.62059° E, ca. 100 m a. s. l., pine forest, sweeping, 09.04.2017, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No. 158, UkrBIN-795857). D i s t r i b u t i o n : Cosmopolitan. In Palaearctic is common and widely distributed in Europe: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (European territory), Spain (mainland), Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine (fi rst record), United Kingdom. In Nearctic known from North America: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia), USA (Arizona, California, Georgia, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia). Outside Holarctic region only recorded from Gough Island (Gerbachevskaja-Pavluchenko, 1986; Menzel et al., 2013; Mohrig et al., 2013; Heller & Menzel, 2017; GBIF, 2022 a; this study). D i a g n o s i s . Male adults reach 4–5 mm in length. Head dark brown. Ocelli in a fl attened triangle behind the eye bridge and separated from it by a distance greater than two diameters of the eye bridge. Eye bridge consists of 2–3 rows of ommatidia (facets), however middle ommatidia (a pair on each side) are not quite touching. Face dark brown with pale setae. Maxillary palpus brownish, 3-segmented. Basal palpal segment club shaped with sensory pit and several bristles, one of them longer. Sensory pit round, deepened, distinctly marginated and dark. Middle palpal segment oval with several bristles, one of them longer. Terminal palpal segment narrow, twice as long as the 2nd segment. Antennae dark brown. Flagellum very long, reach 2.0–2.2 mm in length. Flagellomeres with short necks and setae quite longer than a half of fl agellomeres width. Th e 4th fl agellomere up to 5.0 times as long as wide (obviously, in the previous descriptions this measure includes the neck and body), length/width of 4th fl agellomere of Ukrainian specimen = 3.5, with a basal node index of 2.51. Th orax with black sclerites. Anterior pronotum and prothoracic episternum with about 10 fi ne setae each. Mesonotum with pale brown setosity. Scutum with two irregular rows of acrostichal setae which extending the length of the scutum; acrostichal and dorsocentral setae black and short. Scutellum with 6 long bristles and several minor setae. Wing hyaline, 2.8–3.1 mm long and 1.2 mm wide, width/length of wing = 0.37–0.38. Membrane hyaline. M-fork narrow, stM indistinct, as long as M1; stM/M- 437New Records of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Ukraine. IV fork = 0.87–0.91; R1 = R, R1 long, falls into C opposite or very slightly proximad of the M-fork base, R1/R of Ukrainian specimen = 1.03–1.04; y longer than x, with 2–3 macrotrichia, x bare, x/y = 0.77–0.97; CuA1 slightly dented in the middle; CuA2 smoothly arched; stCuA well recognizable, makes 0.66–1.00 x, stCuA/x of Ukrainian specimen = 0.61–0.85; c = 0.66 w, c/w of Ukrainian specimen = 0.75–0.77. Halter pale brown to yellow, with 10–15 black strong setae. Legs. Forelegs yellowish except only brown very base of fore coxae. Hindlegs pale brown with brown tarsus; hindtarsus black-brown from apical half of hindmetatarsus. Hindfemur = 1.1 mm; hindtibia = 1.4–1.5 mm; hindmetatarsus = 0.72 mm; hindtarsus = 1.55 mm. Trochanters blackened. Tibial organ of p1 with yellowish long comb-like row of bristles (fi g. 3). Meso- and hindtibia with two yellow spurs, which are a little longer than the diameter of the tibiae at the tip. Length of spur/width of tibia: p1 = 1.30–1.32, p2 = 1.62– 1.77, p3 = 1.59–1.60. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: p1 = 0.54–0.58, p2 = 0.58–0.59, p3 = 0.51–0.54. Tarsal claws small, without teeth. Abdomen brown, paler than thorax, with not rather short brownish setosity. Hypopygium (fi g. 1) black-brown. Intergonocoxal area without diff erentiation or bristle group, only with short setae. Gonostylus (fi g. 2) slightly clubby at the tip with a curved apical tooth, and thorny subapical setae basad of the tooth on the medial side of gonostylus reach its middle; gonostylar tip densely setose. Tegmen with subconical rounded apex and strongly sclerotised base . Aedeagus fairly long. Area of teeth narrow, teeth single-pointed (Johannsen, 1929; Tuomikoski, 1960; Mohrig & Menzel, 1993). Bradysia forfi culata belongs to the B. pallipes group which includes 36 Palaearctic species, of which 6 are known only from the females. Th is species diff ers from the other species groups of Bradysia by the apically wide rounded, non-narrowed to pointed gonostylus with apical dark, dense, fur-like setae and a dense subapical group of spinose setae or short spines; medial side of gonocoxite oft en with long, strong setae that oft en extend to middle of genitalia and with 2 dense groups of setae on basal corner or with a group of strong setae or a lobe-like procession on inner membrane; sensory area on basal palpal segment with distinct margin in a deep pit; R and R1 veins are usually long, joining C almost opposite or only slightly before the base of M-fork (Menzel & Mohrig, 2000; Figs 1–3. Bradysia forfi culata {: 1 — hypopygium, ventral view; 2 — gonostylus, ventral view; 3 — anterior apex of fore tibia (p1) with tibial organ, prolateral view. Scale 0.1 mm. 438 A. I. Babytskiy, N. V. Rubanovska, O. O. Bezsmertna Menzel & Heller, 2005). From the related species in this group, B. forfi culata diff ers by the presence of only short setae on the intergonocoxal area, but the absence of the other diff erentiation or bristle groups on the ventral base of gonocoxite, and very long antenna in the cave-inhabiting form. Bradysia forfi culata is similar to B. pallipes (Fabricius, 1787) in the structures of hypopygium, but diff ers by the width/length index of 4th fl agellomere (in B. pallipes up to 2.8) and the body size (B. pallipes = 3.0–3.5 mm). N o t e . Mohrig et al. (2013) stated that B. forfi culata occurs in caves, woodlands, and agricultural habitats, and is also common in larger Central European caves. Th e cave- inhabiting form has unusually long fl agellomeres in both sexes (4th fl agellomere up to 5.0 times as long as wide), and the typical shape of male gonostylus (Mohrig et al., 2013). Johannsen (1929) also indicated that the cave specimens from Luray Cavern demonstrated antenna elongation: antenna length of specimens studied by him was about 0.8 of the wing length (Johannsen, 1929). In the other hand, the specimens described by Tuomikoski (1960) as ‘Bradysia nocturna’ collected not in caves were characterized by distinctly shorter fl agellomeres in both sexes (4th male fl agellomere 3.0 times as long as wide). Th is tendency of extremities elongation of insects living in caves Mohrig with co-authors connected with darkness infl uence (Mohrig & Menzel, 1993; Mohrig et al., 2013). Th e Ukrainian male represents the ‘B. nocturna type’ of Bradysia forfi culata, which was collected in open area in the pine forest by sweeping over grasses and rotten pine trunks. Its antennae are not so long as those of the cave type, and has a similar width/length index of 4th fl agellomere as described by Tuomikoski (1960). Bradysia lobata Hondru, 1968 (fi gs 4–9) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d . Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Luchka, “Zapust” tract of Mykulyntsi forestry, 49.40547° N, 25.61313° E, ca. 350 m a. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, old road on the bottom of wet ravine, sweeping, 07.05.2017, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No. 185, UkrBIN-795882). D i s t r i b u t i o n : Europe: Czech Republic, Germany, Ireland, Norway, Romania, Sweden, Ukraine (fi rst record), United Kingdom (Gerbachevskaja-Pavluchenko, 1986; Heller & Menzel, 2017; GBIF, 2022 b; this study). D i a g n o s i s . Male adults reach 2.5–3.0 mm in length. Head black. Compound eyes black haired. Eye bridge (fig. 9) untypically narrowed in the middle, almost interrupted without any facets and only with thin sclerotized strip connecting the eye bridges between the antennal scapuses. The ends of eye bridges near the constriction consist of 2 rows of ommatidia. Maxillary palpus yellowish-brown, 3-segmented, segments very short. Basal palpal segment spherical with sensory pit. Middle palpal segment bell-shaping, smaller than the 1st segment, with 4–5 setae. Terminal palpal segment small and elongated, with 5–6 setae. Antennae brown, 1.5– 1.9 mm long. Flagellomeres with dense upward curving setae and short necks. The 4th flagellomere is 2.0–2.6 times as long as wide, length/width of 4th flagellomere of Ukrainian specimen (fig. 6) is 2.6, with a basal node index of 2.33. Body dark brown. Thorax. Notum setose. Posterior pronotum bare. Anterior pronotum with 4–6 setae. Scutum with short and weak acrostichal and dorsocentral setae. Scutellum with 3 thin setae. Wing is 2.3–2.8 mm long and 0.8–1.1 mm wide, width/length of wing = 0.37–0.39. Membrane yellowish-brown, without macrotrichia. Anterior and posterior veins distinct; stM longer than M2, stM/M-fork of Ukrainian specimen = 0.76–0.80; R > R1, R1/R = 0.88–0.91; R1 with 6–7 macrotrichia, falls into C well before the base of M-fork; x = 3.0 y, x/y of Ukrainian specimen = 2.05–2.22, both bare; stCuA = 0.66 x, stCuA/x of Ukrainian specimen = 0.90–1.00; c = 0.80 w, c/w of Ukrainian specimen = 0.70. Halter yellowish-brown with 2 rows of 6–8 black setae. Legs brown, not clearly paler than thorax and abdomen. Forefemur = 0.6–0.7 mm; foretibia = 0.6–0.9 mm; foremetatarsus = 0.3–0.4 mm; foretarsus = 0.7–0.8 mm; midfe- 439New Records of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Ukraine. IV mur = 0.7–0.8 mm; midtibia = 0.7–1.0 mm; midmetatarsus = 0.3–0.5 mm; midtarsus = 0.7–0.9 mm; hindfemur = 0.7–1.0 mm; hindtibia = 0.9–1.2 mm; hindmetatarsus = 0.4– 0.5 mm; hindtarsus = 0.8–1.0 mm. Tibial organ of p1 (fig. 8) with comb-like row of 5– 6 bristles. Length of spur/width of tibia: p1 = 1.24, p2 = 1.20–1.31, p3 = 1.12–1.36. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: p1 = 0.48, p2 = 0.45–0.46, p3 = 0.43. Tarsal claws without teeth. Hypopygium (fig. 4). Sclerotized parts black to dark brown, membranous parts light brown to dark yellow. Intergonocoxal area with a large tongue-shaped basal lobe reaching a half of gonocoxite length. Basal lobe (fig. 7) setose laterally and apically, with only scattered setae ventrally. Gonocoxite well developed, longer than gonostylus, covered with dense, dark setae. Gonostylus (fig. 5) relatively short, beak-shaped, with narrow apical tooth slightly longer than subapical spines. Tegmen triangular, with narrow truncated apex (Hondru, 1968). Bradysia lobata belongs to the cognominal species group containing 7 Palaearctic species which diff er from the other groups of Bradysia in basal lobe, which overlaps the inner margin of gonocoxites. Basal lobe of these species is weaker sclerotized and additionally covered with fi ner bristles on the lobe surface, at least over apex. In addition, the gonostylar tooth is narrow, slightly longer than subapical spines (Menzel & Mohrig, 2000). Bradysia lobata diff ers from related species of the group by a very large intercoxal lobe and a specifi c structure of the eye bridge (see above). Bradysia normalis Frey, 1948 (fi gs 10–14) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d . Ukraine, Chernihiv Region: between Desna and Yevmynka, swampy valley of Desna River, 50.84802° N, 30.79790° E, ca. 100 m a. s. l., swamp covered by sedges, Caltha palustris L. and scorched branches of willow and amorpha, sweeping, 09.07.2017, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No. 258, UkrBIN-795951). D i s t r i b u t i o n : Europe: Finland, Germany, Romania, Northern Ireland, Norway (mainland, Svalbard and Jan Mayen), Russia (North European part), Sweden, Ukraine Figs 4–9. Bradysia lobata  {: 4  — hypopygium, ventral view; 5  — gonostylus, ventral view; 6  — fourth fl agellomere, lateral view; 7  — basal lobe, ventral view; 8  — anterior apex of fore tibia (p1) with tibial organ, prolateral view; 9 — eye bridge, dorsal view. Scale 0.1 mm. 440 A. I. Babytskiy, N. V. Rubanovska, O. O. Bezsmertna (fi rst record), United Kingdom. North America: Canada (Ontario, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Newfoundland, Labrador) (Gerbachevskaja-Pavluchenko, 1986; Heller, Menzel, 2017; GBIF 2022 c; this study). D i a g n o s i s . Male 1.3–2.1 mm long. Head. Eye bridge consisting of 2 rows of ommatidia. Face and clypeus pale brown to yellow, with pale setae. Maxillary palpus 3-segmented, all segments equally long. Basal palpal segment with 3 setae, one a little longer than others, and marginated sensory pit, not darker than palpal body. Flagellomeres with dense setosity; setae shorter than width of fl agellomeres. Th e length/ width of 4th fl agellomere of the Chernihiv specimen (fi g. 13) is 2.75, with a basal node index of 2.23–2.33. Th orax pale brown. Anterior pronotum and prothoracic episternum with a few weak and pale setae. Scutum with weak and pale acrostichal setae and stronger and darker dorsocentral setae. Scutellum with a few weak pale setae. Wing length 1.35– 2.10 mm, width 0.65–0.67 mm, width/length index = 0.34–0.41. Membrane greyish. Anal lobe well-developed; M-fork the same length as stM or a little shorter; stM/M-fork of the Chernihiv specimen = 1.01–1.06; R1/R = 0.75–0.79; x approximately equal y, x/y = 0.94–1.30, both bare; stCuA distinct, equal a half of x, stCuA/x = 0.78–0.93; c/w = 0.60– 0.61. Halter pale yellow, with up to 15 black strong setae. Legs. Foreleg pale brown, with darker tarsus and distal half of metatarsus, and dark spur. Tibial organ of p1 (fi g. 12) with dark brown, distinctly recognized comb-like row of 5 bristles. Meso- and hindtibia with two pale brown spurs, paler than spur of p1. Length of spur/width of tibia: p1 = 1.43–1.44, p2 = 1.70–1.72, p3 = 1.45–1.65. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: p1 = 0.53, p2 = 0.52, p3 = 0.45–0.46. Hypopygium (fi g. 10) pale brown. Intergonocoxal area with thumb- like large basal lobe completely covered with setae (fi g. 14). Gonocoxite well developed, longer than gonostylus, covered with short and pale setae. Gonostylus (fi g. 11) bean- shaped, pale brown, with long and narrow dark apical tooth and dense subapical group of lighter setae, shorter than the tooth. Tegmen trapezoid with roundish apex (Frey, 1948; Tuomikoski, 1960; Freeman, 1983). Figs 10–14. Bradysia normalis {: 10 — hypopygium, ventral view; 11 — gonostylus, ventral view; 12 — anterior apex of fore tibia (p1) with tibial organ, prolateral view; 13 — fourth fl agellomere, lateral view; 14 — basal lobe, ventral view. Scale 0.1 mm. 441New Records of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Ukraine. IV Bradysia normalis belongs to the B. lobata group (see B. lobata diagnosis). From the related species of the group B. normalis diff ers in the structure of the intergonocoxal lobe and pale, marginated sensory pit. N o t e . Tuomikoski (1960) noted 3 rows of facets in the eye bridge. Th e studied specimen with the head seen in frontal view shows only 2 rows of ommatidia. Bradysia urticae Mohrig & Menzel, 1992 (fi gs 15–19) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d . Ukraine, Ternopil Region: Mykulyntsi, 49.40126° N, 25.60140° E, ca. 300 m a. s. l., vegetable garden with potato and anion on the yard of detached house, Malaise trap, 19–21.06.2016, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No. 114, UkrBIN-795827). D i s t r i b u t i o n : Palaearctic: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Russia (Central Altai, Taymyr Peninsula), Spain (mainland), Sweden, Ukraine (fi rst record), United Kingdom. Nearctic: Canada (British Columbia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), USA (Virginia) (Mohrig & Menzel, 1992; Komarov, 2011; Heller & Menzel, 2017; GBIF, 2022 d; this study). D i a g n o s i s . Male adults reach 1.8 mm in length. Head. Eye bridge consisting of 2–3 rows of ommatidia (facets). Th e head of the Mykulyntsi specimen seen in frontal view and clearly has 2 rows of facets visible. Face with dense pale setae. Clypeus in the studied specimen with only 1 pale seta. Maxillary palpus 3-segmented (fi g. 18). Basal palpal segment with deep sensory pit and 2–3 setae, one longer than others. Middle palpal segment short ovate, with ca. 5 long setae. Terminal palpal segment a little longer than the 2nd segment. Flagellomeres dark brown with well-separated necks and bristly setae (as long as segment width). Th e 4th fl agellomere is 2.8 times as long as wide, length/width of 4th fl agellomere of the Mykulyntsi specimen (fi g. 19) is 2.73, with a basal node index of 2.31–2.39. Th orax brown. Mesonotum with black and strong central and lateral setae. Scutellum with 2 very long and strong and several shorter and thinner setae. Wing quite narrow, 1.5 mm long Figs 15–19. Bradysia urticae {: 15 — hypopygium, ventral view; 16 — gonostylus, ventral view; 17 — anterior apex of fore tibia (p1) with tibial organ, prolateral view; 18  — maxillary palpus, frontal view; 19  — fourth fl agellomere, lateral view. Scale 0.1 mm. 442 A. I. Babytskiy, N. V. Rubanovska, O. O. Bezsmertna and 0.6 mm wide, width/length of wing = 0.40–0.42. Membrane brownish, without macrotrichia. Anal lobe slightly developed. M-fork clearly diverging; stM indistinct, in the the Mykulyntsi specimen, stM/M-fork = 0.91–0.98; R1 very short, falls into C well before the base of M-fork; R1/R = 0.55–0.58; y shorter than x, both without macrotrichia, x/y = 1.49–1.56; stCuA relatively long and well recognizable, stCuA/x = 0.92–0.96; c = 0.66 w, c/w of = 0.60–0.63. Halter pale brown to yellow, with ca. 5 short black setae. Legs a little paler than thorax. Tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of foreleg concolor; in mid- and hindlegs tarsi and distal half of metatarsi a little darker than tibiae. Tibial organ of p1 (fi g. 17) with distinctly recognized comb-like row of 4 bristles. Length of spur/width of tibia: p1 = 1.22– 1.27, p2 = 1.45–1.64, p3 = 1.48–1.49. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: p1 = 0.52–0.53, p2 = 0.47–0.49, p3 = 0.47. Abdomen dark brown, almost concolor with thorax. Hypopygium (fi g. 15). Intergonocoxal area without diff erentiation. Gonocoxite a little paler than thorax, well developed, longer than gonostylus. Gonostylus attenuated, with elongated and rounded tip (fi g. 16). Th e 3–4 subapical spines long and unequal to each other, with shorter claw-like apical tooth on the ventral side (apical tooth indistinct, in some specimens very hard to detect). Tegmen trapezoid with truncate apex (Mohrig & Menzel, 1992). Bradysia urticae belongs to the large B. tilicola group containing 34 Palaearctic species, one of which is known only from a female. Th ese species diff er from the other Bradysia in trapezoid, membranous or weakly sclerotized tegmen with fl attened apex and small, roundish, dark sensory area of basal palpal segment, located in a distinctly deep pit (Menzel & Mohrig, 2000; Menzel & Heller, 2005; Mohrig et al., 2013). Bradysia urticae is very similar to B. trivittata (Staeger, 1840), but diff ers, as a rule, by the darker colour of the body (darker forms of B. trivittata occur rarely) and shorter terminal palpal segments (3rd palpal segment of B. trivittata is clearly longer than the 1st and 2nd segment) (Mohrig & Menzel, 1992; Menzel & Mohrig, 2000). Lycoriella Frey, 1942 Lycoriella sativae (Johannsen, 1912) (fi gs 20–25) Common synonyms: L. castanescens (Lengersdorf, 1940), L. fucorum (Frey, 1948), L. agarici Loudon, 1978. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d . Ukraine, Odesa Region: Lebedivka, the bank of Black Sea, 45.82236° N, 30.14138° E, ca. 0 m a. s. l., sandy beach under cliff , with aspirator, 20.07.2016, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No. 98, UkrBIN-795813); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: Mykulyntsi, 49.40126° N, 25.60140° E, ca. 300 m a.s.l., vegetable garden with potato and onion on the yard of detached house, Malaise trap, 19–21.06.2016, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No.  116, UkrBIN-795828); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Turiisk, 51.06994° N, 24.54540° E, ca. 170 m a. s. l., ecotone meadow with ruderal grasses between wet sedge meadow and hornbeam forest, sweeping, 05.07.2017, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No.  303); Ukraine, Volyn Region: Turiisk, 51.07981° N, 24.52999° E, ca. 150 m a. s. l., vegetable garden and orchard on the yard of detached house, Malaise trap, 04–07.07.2017, 1 { (A. Babytskiy) (No. 304). D i s t r i b u t i o n : A common Holarctic species. Palaearctic: Afghanistan, Austria, Bulgaria, China (Taiwan), Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal (Azores and Madeira) Romania, Russia (European part, West Siberia (North Altai), Chukotka, Krasnoyarsk Region), Slovakia, Spain (Balearic and Canary Islands, Iberian Peninsula), Sweden, Switzerland, Turkmenistan, Turkey (Asian territory), Ukraine (fi rst record), United Kingdom. Nearctic: Canada (British Columbia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), USA (Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Virginia). Outside of Holarctic region is known from Australia (Australian Capital Territory, Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria), New Zealand, Tristan da Cunha Island, Norfolk Island, Subantarctic Islands (Loudon, 1978; Gerbachevskaja-Pavluchenko, 1986; Metzner & Menzel, 1996; Sataeva, 2006; Komarov, 2011; Mohrig et al., 2013, 2019; Menzel et al., 2013; Broadley et al., 2018; Menzel & Vilkamaa, 2021; GBIF, 2022 e; this study). 443New Records of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Ukraine. IV D i a g n o s i s . Male adults reach 2.0–2.6 mm in length. Head dark brown to black. Compound eyes with interfacetal hairs, as frequent as facets and extending one facet width beyond outer curvature of facets. Eye bridge consists of 2 or 3 rows of ommatidia (2 rows on Ukrainian specimens). Face with fi ne 18–28 setae, arranged approximately radially. Clypeus with 2 to 3 median setae and 2 lateromedian setae. Maxillary palpus (fi g. 23) relatively short, 3-segmented. Basal palpal segment clavate, with deepened sensory pit and 4 to 7 setae dorsally, 2 or 3 of them signifi cantly longer than others. Middle palpal segment ovate and 0.66 times as long as the other two, with four to fi ve not long setae. Terminal palpal segment slender, cylindrical and subequal in length to basal segment, with 6 to 8 setae. Antennae 1.47 mm long and dark brown to black. Scape dark, with 5 to 6 setae placed ventrally. Pedicel dark. Th e 4th fl agellomere is 2.50 times as long as wide with whitish yellow to brown setae 0.66 times as long as fl agellomere width; length/width of the 4th fl agellomere of Ukrainian specimen (fi g. 24) = 2.43–2.47, with a basal node index of 1.59–1.62. Flagellomere neck 0.2 of its length; sharply delimiteded. Th orax dark brown to black, with whitish yellow to brown setae. Posterior pronotum bare. Anterior pronotum with one weak seta. Mesonotum sparsely setose, with few lateral, central and scutellar setae; marginal part of mesonotum blackened. Scutellum with long and short setae arranged symmetrically, subapical setae make 0.75 of scutellum medial length. Episternum with 9–10 setae anteriorly. Wing is 1.4–1.9 mm long and 0.5–0.7 mm wide, width/length of wing = 0.35–0.42. Membrane pale to slightly brown. Posterior veins distinct and like the wing membrane without macrotrichia. M-fork well developed and wide open, about as long as the stM, M1 and M2 only slightly diverging, M1 more arcuated than M2; stM/M- fork = 0.80–0.91; R1 short, makes 0.33 R, and falls into C far before the base of M-fork, R1/R of Ukrainian specimens = 0.44–0.65; x equal to y or x = 1.5 y, both bare, x/y of Ukrainian specimens = 1.58–1.82; stCuA short, makes 0.50–0.66 x, stCuA/x of Ukrainian specimens = 0.55–0.73; c = 0.60 w, c/w of Ukrainian specimens = 0.67–0.69. Halter yellow to pale brown with row of 9 to 11 dorsal setae. Legs yellow to pale brown. Tibial organ of p1 (fi g. 22) Figs 20–25. Lycoriella sativae {: 20 — hypopygium, ventral view; 21 — gonostylus, ventral view; 22 — anterior apex of fore tibia (p1) with tibial organ, prolateral view; 23  — maxillary palpus, frontal view; 24  — fourth fl agellomere, lateral view; 25 — intergonocoxal setae group, ventral view. Scale 0.1 mm. 444 A. I. Babytskiy, N. V. Rubanovska, O. O. Bezsmertna marginated, with sparce patch of bristles. Mid- and hindtibia with 2 equals in length spurs. Length of spur/width of tibia: p1 = 1.09–1.16, p2 = 1.10–1.28, p3 = 1.20–1.31. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: p1 = 0.51–0.56, p2 = 0.44–0.49, p3 = 0.44–0.52. Tarsal claws without teeth. Abdomen lighter than thorax, but distinctly browned. Hypopygium (fi g. 20) about as tall as wide, pale to dark brown. Intergonocoxal area (fi g. 25) with central dentate group of 6–7 setae. Gonocoxite yellow to pale brown, with short setae in the inner side. Gonostylus (fi g. 21) evenly rounded on the outer side, tapered apically and with a strong, dark apical tooth; inner side more or less cut out and to 0.50–0.66 of the upper surface covered with usually 4 to 6 diverging spines. Tip and ventral inner edge of gonostylus densely setose, setae particularly strong above and below the apical tooth; long upward whiplash seta present on the lower third of the gonostylar inner side (fi g. 21). Tegmen weakly sclerotized, broader than high with fl at rounded tip. Aedeagus fairly long. Area of teeth large, about as high as wide, with single-pointed teeth (Johannsen, 1912; Loudon, 1978; Menzel & Mohrig, 2000). According to Vilkamaa & Menzel (2019) and Menzel & Vilkamaa (2021), Lycoriella includes 39 species in the Palaearctic Region. Lycoriella sativae is a very variable species with diff erent variants of colour (dark and light forms), setosity, location of intergonocoxal setae, quantity and direction of gonostylar spines. Th is variation caused that diff erent morphs of L. sativae were described as separate species. Now almost all of them have been synonymized (Menzel & Mohrig, 2000; Mohrig et al., 2013). Th e most reliable characters to recognize L. sativae are the intergonocoxal basal group of setae and gonostylar structure. Lycoriella sativae is a common pest in greenhouses and mushroom hothouses, where it breeds in the various agricultures, and thus having a considerable economic importance (Broadley et al., 2018). In Ukraine, the harmful impact of this species to the agriculture is unregistered because of the poor study of the local sciarid fauna (Babytskiy et al., 2019 a, 2022). Lycoriella sativae has cosmopolitan distribution and is widespread in the Holarctic (Mohrig at al., 2013). In Ukraine, it is registered mainly in anthropogenic ecosystems as vegetable gardens in Ternopil and Volyn Regions. Also, one specimen was collected on the sandy beach of Black Sea bank in Odesa Region. Frey (1948) indicated that adults of this species were collected in mass from seaweed at the sea edge on the Swedish coast. Th e information about this species development as a hydrophilic and saprophagous with enormous fl ood tolerance is given in Metzner & Menzel (1996) with reference to Fritz (1982). Th us, the wet and overfl ood habitats as a coastal seaweed overgrowth can be considered as favourable for L. sativae. We consider it our pleasant obligation to express sincere gratitude to our colleagues and friends, who supported our work, among them, Valery Korneyev (I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine) for his ongoing help, scientifi c guidance and valuable advice, and Frank Menzel (Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany) for his kind help in identifi cation of the specimens. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. References Babytskiy, A. 2018. Sciaridae dataset. Dataset ID #3861. 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DOI: https://doi. org/10.11646/zootaxa.4665.1.1 Received 11 October 2022 Accepted 24 November 2022 << /ASCII85EncodePages false /AllowTransparency false /AutoPositionEPSFiles true /AutoRotatePages /None /Binding /Left /CalGrayProfile (Dot Gain 20%) /CalRGBProfile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1) /CalCMYKProfile (U.S. Web Coated \050SWOP\051 v2) /sRGBProfile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1) /CannotEmbedFontPolicy /Error /CompatibilityLevel 1.4 /CompressObjects /Tags /CompressPages true /ConvertImagesToIndexed true /PassThroughJPEGImages true /CreateJobTicket false /DefaultRenderingIntent /Default /DetectBlends true /DetectCurves 0.0000 /ColorConversionStrategy /CMYK /DoThumbnails false /EmbedAllFonts true /EmbedOpenType false /ParseICCProfilesInComments true /EmbedJobOptions true /DSCReportingLevel 0 /EmitDSCWarnings false /EndPage -1 /ImageMemory 1048576 /LockDistillerParams false /MaxSubsetPct 100 /Optimize true /OPM 1 /ParseDSCComments true /ParseDSCCommentsForDocInfo true /PreserveCopyPage true /PreserveDICMYKValues true /PreserveEPSInfo true /PreserveFlatness true /PreserveHalftoneInfo false /PreserveOPIComments true /PreserveOverprintSettings true /StartPage 1 /SubsetFonts true /TransferFunctionInfo /Apply /UCRandBGInfo /Preserve /UsePrologue false /ColorSettingsFile () /AlwaysEmbed [ true ] /NeverEmbed [ true ] /AntiAliasColorImages false /CropColorImages true /ColorImageMinResolution 300 /ColorImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleColorImages true /ColorImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /ColorImageResolution 300 /ColorImageDepth -1 /ColorImageMinDownsampleDepth 1 /ColorImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000 /EncodeColorImages true /ColorImageFilter /DCTEncode /AutoFilterColorImages true /ColorImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG /ColorACSImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /ColorImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /JPEG2000ColorACSImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /JPEG2000ColorImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /AntiAliasGrayImages false /CropGrayImages true /GrayImageMinResolution 300 /GrayImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleGrayImages true /GrayImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /GrayImageResolution 300 /GrayImageDepth -1 /GrayImageMinDownsampleDepth 2 /GrayImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000 /EncodeGrayImages true /GrayImageFilter /DCTEncode /AutoFilterGrayImages true /GrayImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG /GrayACSImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /GrayImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /JPEG2000GrayACSImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /JPEG2000GrayImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /AntiAliasMonoImages false /CropMonoImages true /MonoImageMinResolution 1200 /MonoImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleMonoImages true /MonoImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /MonoImageResolution 1200 /MonoImageDepth -1 /MonoImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000 /EncodeMonoImages true /MonoImageFilter /CCITTFaxEncode /MonoImageDict << /K -1 >> /AllowPSXObjects false /CheckCompliance [ /None ] /PDFX1aCheck false /PDFX3Check false /PDFXCompliantPDFOnly false /PDFXNoTrimBoxError true /PDFXTrimBoxToMediaBoxOffset [ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 ] /PDFXSetBleedBoxToMediaBox true /PDFXBleedBoxToTrimBoxOffset [ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 ] /PDFXOutputIntentProfile () /PDFXOutputConditionIdentifier () /PDFXOutputCondition () /PDFXRegistryName () /PDFXTrapped /False /CreateJDFFile false /Description << /ARA /BGR /CHS /CHT /CZE /DAN /DEU /ESP /ETI /FRA /GRE /HEB /HRV (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke. 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