item: #1 of 136 id: cord-000777-7cty5s6o author: Merten, O.-W. title: Virus contaminations of cell cultures – A biotechnological view date: 2002-01-01 words: 14942 flesch: 41 summary: This overview describes the problems and risks associated with viral contaminations in animal cell culture, describes the origins of these contaminations as well as the most important virsuses associated with viral contaminations in cell culture. In this review, the problem of viral contaminations in animal cell culture will be presented with special emphasis on animal cell technology used for the production of biologicals for prophylaxis and therapy. keywords: animal; bovine; bvdv; cell; cell lines; contamination; crl; culture; et al; human; infected; infection; kidney; lines; materials; mouse; origin; production; serum; testing; tests; vaccine; virus; viruses cache: cord-000777-7cty5s6o.txt plain text: cord-000777-7cty5s6o.txt item: #2 of 136 id: cord-001387-2g9dc5z4 author: McIntyre, K. Marie title: A Quantitative Prioritisation of Human and Domestic Animal Pathogens in Europe date: 2014-08-19 words: 4582 flesch: 33 summary: Finally, the acceptability of the H-index proxy for animal pathogen impact was examined by comparison with other measures. There were statistically significant differences between H-indices for host types (humans, animal, zoonotic), and there was limited evidence that H-indices are a reasonable proxy for animal pathogen impact. keywords: animal; disease; health; human; impact; index; indices; list; pathogens; zoonotic cache: cord-001387-2g9dc5z4.txt plain text: cord-001387-2g9dc5z4.txt item: #3 of 136 id: cord-001427-qw1e5cof author: Cantas, Leon title: Review: The Important Bacterial Zoonoses in “One Health” Concept date: 2014-10-14 words: 5813 flesch: 34 summary: Bacterial zoonotic diseases can be transferred from animals to humans in many ways (4): (i) The transfer may occur through animal bites and scratches (5) ; (ii) zoonotic bacteria originating from food animals can reach people through direct fecal oral route, contaminated animal food products, improper food handling, and inadequate cooking (6) (7) (8) ; (iii) farmers and animal health workers (i.e., veterinarians) are at increased risk of exposure to certain zoonotic pathogens and they may catch zoonotic bacteria; they could also become carriers of the zoonotic bacteria that can be spread to other humans in the community (9) ; (iv) vectors, frequently arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, and lice can actively or passively transmit bacterial zoonotic diseases to humans. New strategies for continuous dissemination of multidisciplinary research findings related to zoonotic bacterial diseases are hence needed. keywords: animal; antibiotic; bacteria; bites; diseases; dog; food; health; humans; infections; resistance; treatment; use; vector; zoonoses; zoonotic cache: cord-001427-qw1e5cof.txt plain text: cord-001427-qw1e5cof.txt item: #4 of 136 id: cord-002945-29nj4f05 author: Ambrose, Rebecca K. title: In Vivo Characterisation of Five Strains of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus 1 (Subgenotype 1c) date: 2018-01-19 words: 6608 flesch: 47 summary: Predominant BVDV subtype in calves with respiratory disease Eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Germany-diversity of subtypes and detection of live-vaccine viruses Bovine viral diarrhea virus: Global status Genetic and antigenic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea viruses isolated from cattle in Hokkaido Genomic and serological diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Japan Pathogenicity of an Indian isolate of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b in experimentally infected calves Virulent properties of russian bovine viral diarrhea virus strains in experimentally infected calves Kinetics of single and dual infection of calves with an Asian atypical bovine pestivirus and a highly virulent strain of bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 Impact of variation in acute virulence of BVDV1 strains on design of better vaccine efficacy challenge models A bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1a strain in China: Isolation, identification, and experimental infection in calves Epidemiological features and economical importance of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections Lack of virus transmission from bovine viral diarrhoea virus infected calves to susceptible peers Failure to spread bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection from primarily infected calves despite concurrent infection with bovine coronavirus Infectivity of pestivirus following persistence of acute infection Virulence comparison and quantification of horizontal bovine viral diarrhoea virus transmission following experimental infection in calves Distinction between persistent and transient infection in a bovine viral diarrhoea (bvd) control programme: Appropriate interpretation of real-time RT-PCR and antigen-ELISA test results Effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 on risk of bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle The risk of transmission from sheep experimentally infected with bvdv-1c during the acute phase to bvdv naïve sheep Viral dose and immunosuppression modulate the progression of acute bvdv-1 infection in calves: Evidence of long term persistence after intra-nasal infection Practical significance of heterogeneity among BVDV strains: Impact of biotype and genotype on U.S. control programs Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) subgenotypes in diagnostic laboratory accessions: Distribution of BVDV1a, 1b, and 2a subgenotypes Characteristics in the epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) of relevance to control Level and duration of serum antibodies in cattle infected experimentally and naturally with bovine virus diarrhoea virus Real-time polymerase chain reaction as a rapid and efficient alternative to estimation of picornavirus titers by tissue culture infectious dose 50% or plaque forming units Quantitative PCR: A quality control assay for estimation of viable virus content in live attenuated goat pox vaccine Quantification system for the viral dynamics of a highly pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus based on an in vitro experiment and a mathematical model Development and validation of a Q-PCR based TCID(50) method for human herpesvirus 6 Studies of the pathogenesis of bovine pestivirus-induced ovarian dysfunction in superovulated dairy cattle Early reproductive loss due to bovine pestivirus infection Increased reproductive losses in cattle infected with bovine pestivirus around the time of insemination A field investigation of the effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection around the time of insemination on the reproductive performance of cattle A single amino acid is critical for the expression of B-cell epitopes on the helicase domain of the pestivirus NS3 protein A Manual for the Primary Animal Health Care Worker; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO Multiplex real-time RT-PCR detection of three viruses associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex Overall, the concentration of platelets in infected animals were reduced for most BVDV-1c strains on Day 7 and/or Day 14 post infection compared to Day 0. keywords: + +; + −; animals; bvdv-1c; day; infected; infection; strain; − + cache: cord-002945-29nj4f05.txt plain text: cord-002945-29nj4f05.txt item: #5 of 136 id: cord-002957-gw2cow0d author: Gray, Darren W. title: DIVA metabolomics: Differentiating vaccination status following viral challenge using metabolomic profiles date: 2018-04-05 words: 7446 flesch: 30 summary: Elevated levels of biliverdin and bilirubin and decreased 3-indolepropionic acid in non-vaccinated animals at day 6 p.i. may be associated with increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen scavenging at periods of peak virus titre. During latter stages of infection, increased levels of N-[(3α,5β,12α)-3,12-dihydroxy-7,24-dioxocholan-24-yl]glycine and lysophosphatidycholine and decreased enterolactone in non-vaccinated animals may reflect suppression of innate immune response mechanisms and progression to adaptive immune responses. keywords: acid; analysis; animals; bovine; bpi3v; calves; challenge; data; day; disease; infection; metabolite; p.i; plasma; post; study; vaccinated; vaccination; virus cache: cord-002957-gw2cow0d.txt plain text: cord-002957-gw2cow0d.txt item: #6 of 136 id: cord-006250-cdt2wcr5 author: van der Logt, J. T. M. title: Microbiological effects and quality control in laboratory rodents date: 2013-07-01 words: 3264 flesch: 31 summary: key: cord-006250-cdt2wcr5 authors: van der Logt, J. T. M. title: Microbiological effects and quality control in laboratory rodents date: 2013-07-01 journal: Aging Clin Exp Res DOI: 10.1007/bf03324181 sha: doc_id: 6250 cord_uid: cdt2wcr5 Numerous viruses, mycoplasmas, bacteria and parasites have been associated with infectious diseases in laboratory animals. The significance of biomedical research using laboratory animals has increased substantially because of the increased awareness of an-imal producers and investigators of the need to use high-quality animals with standardized microbiological status, under environmentally defined conditions, in their experiments. keywords: animals; laboratory; methods; monitoring; quality; research; status cache: cord-006250-cdt2wcr5.txt plain text: cord-006250-cdt2wcr5.txt item: #7 of 136 id: cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author: None title: Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date: 1982 words: 44873 flesch: 47 summary: Control patients (no ASA) were compared to those receiving 80 or 325 mg. After transplantation patients were followed for a minimum of 3 months and a maximum of 42 months. keywords: acid; activity; acute; animals; bile; blood; blood flow; body; bypass; cases; cells; changes; control; days; dogs; duct; effect; failure; flow; gastric; glucose; graft; group; heart; hepatic; increase; infusion; insulin; kidney; levels; liver; mean; method; min; months; non; normal; operation; patients; plasma; postoperative; present; pressure; rate; rats; rejection; response; results; serum; studies; study; surgery; survival; time; tissue; total; transplantation; treatment; tumor; values; vascular; weeks; weight cache: cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt plain text: cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt item: #8 of 136 id: cord-006510-kruy0eex author: Weiner, H. Richard title: Diagnosis and prevention of rabies date: 2001 words: 1861 flesch: 43 summary: The risk of rabies exposure can often be assessed by understanding the local reservoirs of the disease. Prompt identification of rabies exposure, along with appropriate preventive therapy, can prevent infection and death from rabies. keywords: disease; exposure; infection; rabies; vaccine; virus cache: cord-006510-kruy0eex.txt plain text: cord-006510-kruy0eex.txt item: #9 of 136 id: cord-009381-q9s38fkh author: Roth, James A. title: Mechanistic Bases for Adverse Vaccine Reactions and Vaccine Failures date: 2007-09-28 words: 5958 flesch: 31 summary: In addition, animal vaccines have improved human health through control of zoonotic diseases such as rabies, brucellosis, and leptospirosis. Indeed, it can be argued that animal vaccines have had a profound impact on modern society. keywords: animals; bovine; canine; disease; immune; live; mlv; reactions; response; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-009381-q9s38fkh.txt plain text: cord-009381-q9s38fkh.txt item: #10 of 136 id: cord-009385-mcfnhscj author: BLECHA, FRANK title: Rationale for Using Immunopotentiators in Domestic Food Animals date: 2012-11-05 words: 3487 flesch: 24 summary: Indeed, some researchers have suggested that changes in immune function may be a useful indicator of stress in domestic food animals (Kelley, 1985; Siegel, 1985) . The examples described above illustrate the existence of several different immune defects (see Table I ) in neonatal domestic food animals. keywords: animals; bovine; cells; disease; food; macrophages; piglets; pigs; stress; virus cache: cord-009385-mcfnhscj.txt plain text: cord-009385-mcfnhscj.txt item: #11 of 136 id: cord-009583-ldkjqco6 author: None title: NEWS date: 2014-10-28 words: 10322 flesch: 51 summary: Above all, the conference provided an opportunity for those working at the coalface to connect with others in academia and government and ensure that community animal health and welfare are on the agenda. Dr Ted Donelan is President of Animal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities (AMRRIC), which delivers animal health programs in rural and remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. keywords: animal; australia; ava; crayfish; disease; dog; dogs; health; insurance; media; members; new; pet; plague; policies; policy; practice; rabies; resistance; veterinarians; veterinary; work; year cache: cord-009583-ldkjqco6.txt plain text: cord-009583-ldkjqco6.txt item: #12 of 136 id: cord-009594-0rfbmi0q author: None title: NEWS date: 2014-11-26 words: 10481 flesch: 53 summary: The Canadian Veterinary Medical Association (CVMA) has an Animal Welfare Committee whose purpose is to advocate and promote animal welfare within the animal industry, to government and the public, and to advise the CVMA on animal welfare issues and develop pertinent position statements. Is there a common thread or philosophy on animal welfare across all members? keywords: animal; ava; board; dogs; ebola; health; human; lig; members; mers; resolution; safety; sheep; time; use; veterinary; welfare; work; year cache: cord-009594-0rfbmi0q.txt plain text: cord-009594-0rfbmi0q.txt item: #13 of 136 id: cord-009694-e59kuwf1 author: None title: Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) on a request from the Commission related with the risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems date: 2006-06-06 words: 40667 flesch: 47 summary: Stabulati In Gabbia Individuale The Provision Of Solid Feeds To Veal Calves: I. Growth Performance, Forestomach Development, And Carcass And Meat Quality Experimental infection of calves and adult cattle with Escherichia coli O157:H7 Effects of handling aids on calf behavior Iron deficiency and the immune response The pituitary-adrenal response to stress in the iron-deficient rat Indicators relevant to animal welfare: a seminar in the C.E.C. programme of coordination of research on animal welfare The behaviour of calves under four levels of lighting The effect of different housing conditions on behavioural and adrenocortical reactions in veal calves From an animal's point of view: motivation, fitness, and animal welfare Phylogenetic characterization of 'Candidatus Helicobacter bovis', a new gastric helicobacter in cattle Rotavirus infections in calves in dairy herds Sucking motivation and related problems in calves Dairy calves discrimination of people based on previous handling Iron supplementation improves iron status and reduces morbidity in children with or without upper respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled study in Colombo, Sri Lanka Enhancement of clinical signs in experimentally rotavirus infected calves by combined viral infections Group A rotavirus as a cause of neonatal calf enteritis in Sweden Incidence of diarrhea among calves after strict closure and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in a dairy herd Enteric infections in veal calves: a longitudinal study on four veal calf units Behaviour and Welfare of Veal Calves in Relation to Husbandry Systems Comparison of four methods of calf confinement. In New Trends in Veal Calf Production The importance of straw for pig and cattle welfare: a review Behavioural and physiological studies on rearing and veal calves Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis to study the potential for zoonotic transmission Dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytical virus: a longitudinal epidemiological study in dairy herds The prevalence of verotoxins, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in the feces and rumen of cattle at processing Haemoglobin And Haematocrit Levels In Veal Calves Is Anaemia of Veal Calves Normochromic or Hypochromic A comparison of different enrichment media for the isolation of Salmonella dublin from livers, kidneys and muscles of Salmonella-positive veal calves Zusatzfuttering von Stroh an mastkälber The effect of housing system and dietary iron supply on stress physiological measures and resistance against an experimental infection with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) in veal calves Enkele epidemiologische aspecten van salmonellose bij mestkalveren in Nederland Calves' responses to repeated social regrouping and relocation Does nutritive and non-nutritive sucking reduce other oral behaviors and stimulate rest in calves Nonnutritive oral activities and stress responses of veal calves in relation to feeding and housing conditions Providing social contacts and objects for nibbling moderates reactivity and oral behavior in veal calves The effects of rearing in individual crates on subsequent social behaviour of veal calves Somministrazione Di Un Mangime Solido A Vitelli A Carne Bianca keywords: age; animal; animal welfare; assessment; behaviour; blood; calf; calf welfare; calves; cattle; coli; conditions; dairy calves; development; diarrhoea; diet; disease; e.g.; effect; et al; exposure; factors; farming; fed; feeding; food; group; growth; haemoglobin; health; housing; individual; infection; iron; levels; management; milk; months; pens; production; rearing; replacer; report; risk; rumen; space; studies; sucking; systems; use; veal calves; weaning; weeks; welfare cache: cord-009694-e59kuwf1.txt plain text: cord-009694-e59kuwf1.txt item: #14 of 136 id: cord-009729-69swjzic author: None title: Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats date: 2013-06-27 words: 66976 flesch: 40 summary: As a result, sheep meat is relatively expensive in the market compared with other protein sources. In spite of the EU being only about 80 % self-sufficient in sheep meat, the predictions are that EU sheep numbers are expected to continue to decline over the next 10 years. keywords: animal health; animals; carcasses; cases; chain; chemical; concern; conditions; consumption; contaminants; contamination; control; data; detection; disease; efsa; et al; farm; feed; food; food chain; goat meat; goats; hazards; health; health hazards; high; human; information; level; meat inspection; meat safety; monitoring; mortem; mortem inspection; non; number; panel; post; potential; production; residues; results; risk; ruminants; samples; sampling; sheep; sheep meat; slaughter; slaughterhouse; substances; surveillance; system; testing; use; vtec; welfare cache: cord-009729-69swjzic.txt plain text: cord-009729-69swjzic.txt item: #15 of 136 id: cord-011444-6jh3lvm3 author: Loureiro, Natália I. V. title: Solving an ethical issue involved in experimentation with animals in a brazilian teaching laboratory date: 2006-11-03 words: 2830 flesch: 38 summary: In this article, we will present the protocol and approach used in this practice class, also including the evaluation by student teaching assistants and undergraduate students from nine different courses (Biological Science, Pharmacy, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Nutrition, Nursing, Odontology, Chemistry, and Industrial Chemistry). After the preparation of the protocol and arranging all necessary laboratory material including the guarurine, it was possible to evaluate this new practical class with the group of student teaching assistants from the Biochemistry discipline (n ϭ 6). keywords: class; laboratory; samples; session; students; teaching; undergraduate; urine cache: cord-011444-6jh3lvm3.txt plain text: cord-011444-6jh3lvm3.txt item: #16 of 136 id: cord-011899-ukrk8nej author: Bidewell, Cornelia title: Suspected adverse reaction to erysipelas vaccine in sheep date: 2020-06-13 words: 735 flesch: 50 summary: key: cord-011899-ukrk8nej authors: Bidewell, Cornelia; Carson, Amanda; Diesel, Gillian; Floyd, Tobias title: Suspected adverse reaction to erysipelas vaccine in sheep date: 2020-06-13 journal: Vet Rec DOI: 10.1136/vr.m1482 sha: doc_id: 11899 cord_uid: ukrk8nej nan THE APHA and the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) would like to draw vets' attention to potential adverse reactions associated with the use of porcine vaccines in sheep, especially if footrot vaccines have previously been administered. 4 There have been a small number of adverse reaction reports made to the VMD following the use of porcine erysipelas vaccine in sheep. keywords: ewes; sheep cache: cord-011899-ukrk8nej.txt plain text: cord-011899-ukrk8nej.txt item: #17 of 136 id: cord-014516-r59usk02 author: None title: Research Communications of the 24th ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2015-01-10 words: 55086 flesch: 49 summary: Method specificity was confirmed by the absence of matrix effect in six serum specimen obtained from clinical dogs. Stage C dogs had lower SRs (p = 0.0005), higher SRe (p = 0.0029) and SRa (p = 0.0004) than other dogs. keywords: age; aim; analysis; animal; associated; blood; body; breed; canine; cardiac; cases; cats; cell; chronic; common; concentrations; conflicts; control; data; days; diagnosis; disease; dogs; fcv; fecal; feline; following; function; group; healthy; heart; human; interest; loss; ltd; mean; measurements; median; months; non; normal; patients; pcr; positive; prevalence; range; rate; reference; renal; results; risk; samples; serum; severity; signs; studies; study; test; time; total; treatment; values; veterinary; weeks; weight; years cache: cord-014516-r59usk02.txt plain text: cord-014516-r59usk02.txt item: #18 of 136 id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: None title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 words: 162543 flesch: 45 summary: Ever since we know the role of endotoxins in the pathophysiology of sepsis, antibodies against the S-and R-LPS have also been detected in sepsis patients. In sepsis patients, the CD]4+/CD16+ cells can become a major population with more than 50% of all monocytes in 3 of 18 patients and with more than 500 cells/mm 3 in 4 of 18 cases. keywords: acid; activation; activity; acute; addition; adhesion; administration; aim; analysis; animals; anti; antibodies; antibody; ards; arterial; bacteria; binding; blood; blood cells; blood levels; blood samples; body; burn; capacity; cardiac; cause; cd14; cells; cellular; challenge; changes; circulating; clinical; clp; complement; complications; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; contrast; control; control group; control patients; correlation; course; csf; cultured; cytokine levels; cytokine production; cytokines; damage; data; days; death; decrease; development; differences; disease; dose; dysfunction; effect; elevated; elisa; endothelial; endotoxin; endotoxin levels; evidence; experimental; expression; factor; failure; flow; following; formation; function; gene; gram; group; growth; gut; hepatic; high; host; hours; hrs; human; il-1; il-6; il-6 levels; il-8; ill; immune; increased; induction; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; infusion; inhibitor; injury; ischemia; leukocytes; levels; lipid; liver; lps; lung; lymphocytes; macrophages; mean; mechanisms; mediators; membrane; methods; mice; model; mof; molecules; monoclonal; monocytes; mortality; multiple; necrosis; negative; neutrophils; new; non; normal; number; operation; organ; organ failure; organ injury; outcome; oxygen; p<0.05; parameters; patients; period; peritoneal; phase; placebo; plasma; plasma levels; plasma tnf; play; pmn; positive; post; postoperative; potential; presence; present; pressure; process; production; protein; pulmonary; rate; rats; receptor; reduced; related; release; reperfusion; response; results; risk; role; saline; samples; score; sepsis; sepsis patients; septic; serum; serum levels; severity; sham; shock; sirs; soluble; specific; state; stimulation; studies; study; surface; surgery; survival; syndrome; synthesis; system; systemic; t cells; test; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; tnf; tnf levels; tnf production; tnf release; total; trauma patients; treated; treatment; tumor; type; use; values; vascular; vitro; vivo; wound cache: cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt plain text: cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt item: #19 of 136 id: cord-016292-o4cw5ufy author: Horby, Peter W. title: Drivers of Emerging Zoonotic Infectious Diseases date: 2014-07-19 words: 4014 flesch: 32 summary: Stage 4: Animal disease that have sustained transmission between humans (e.g. influenza). Some aspects of socio-economic change might serve to reduce the overall risk of infectious disease emergence, but all ecosystem changes have the potential to provide new opportunities for microorganisms to spill-over into human populations. keywords: animals; asia; diseases; emergence; et al; food; humans; production; risk cache: cord-016292-o4cw5ufy.txt plain text: cord-016292-o4cw5ufy.txt item: #20 of 136 id: cord-016782-aods92rf author: Lessenger, James E. title: Diseases from Animals, Poultry, and Fish date: 2006 words: 4988 flesch: 45 summary: Other documented infections of humans from manure-contaminated foods includes Listeria monocytogenes in cabbage contaminated by sheep waste, Cryptosporidium spread by municipal water contaminated by cattle, Salmonella hartford in food prepared by contaminated water from a shallow well polluted with poultry manure, and Pleisomonas shigelloides infection associated with well-water contaminated by poultry manure (5) . Key to the prevention of the transmission of animal disease to humans is the proper processing of food products. keywords: animals; contact; disease; farms; fish; food; health; humans; infection; poultry; salmonella; transmission; tuberculosis; workers cache: cord-016782-aods92rf.txt plain text: cord-016782-aods92rf.txt item: #21 of 136 id: cord-017112-5men6dfk author: Gupta, Varsha title: Biosafety and Bioethics date: 2016-10-23 words: 7058 flesch: 48 summary: As the Royal Society concluded in its 2001 Report The Use of Genetically Modifi ed Animals, the use of transgenic animals is fundamentally little different from the use of other animals in biomedical research. Thus, humans have obligations toward other animals. keywords: animals; biosafety; cells; cloning; crops; health; human; issues; laboratory; life; research; stem; technology; use cache: cord-017112-5men6dfk.txt plain text: cord-017112-5men6dfk.txt item: #22 of 136 id: cord-017154-h8hxroos author: Wielinga, Peter R. title: One Health and Food Safety date: 2014-07-19 words: 7621 flesch: 37 summary: Here we will focus on the human health risk related to zoonotic microorganisms present both in food animals and food derived from these animals, and typically transmitted to humans through food. Basically, zoonotic diseases related to food animals can be separated into three groups. keywords: amr; animals; antibiotics; countries; diseases; food; foodborne; health; human; pathogens; production; use; zoonotic cache: cord-017154-h8hxroos.txt plain text: cord-017154-h8hxroos.txt item: #23 of 136 id: cord-017208-7oew461e author: Aurigemma, Rosemarie title: Regulatory Aspects in the Development of Gene Therapies date: 2005 words: 18332 flesch: 33 summary: S7A safety pharmacology studies for human pharmaceuticals Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 610.10, Subpart B, General biological products standards; general provisions; potency Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 610.12, Subpart B, General biological products standards Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 610.13, Subpart B, General biological products standards Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 610.14, Subpart B, General biological products standards Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 58, Good laboratory practice for nonclinical laboratory studies Current good manufacturing practice in manufacturing, processing, packing, or holding of drugs; general Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 211, Current good manufacturing practice for finished pharmaceuticals Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Food and Drugs, Part 312, Investigational new drug application INDs) for phase I studies of drugs, including well-characterized, therapeutic, biotechnology-derived products FDA guidance for industry: IND's for phases 2 and 3 studies of drugs, including specified therapeutic biotechnology-derived products, chemistry, manufacturing and controls content and format FDA guidance for industry: content and format of chemistry, manufacturing, and controls information and establishment description information for a vaccine or related product FDA guidance for industry for the submission of chemistry, manufacturing, and controls information for a therapeutic recombinant DNA-derived product or a monoclonal antibody product for in vivo use FDA guidance for industry: formal meetings with sponsors and applicants for PDUFA products FDA points to consider in the manufacturing and testing of monoclonal antibody products for human use FDA letter to manufacturers of biological products: recommendations regarding bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) FDA Biological Response Modifiers Advisory Committee: current policy on sequence characterization of gene transfer products FDA Biological Response Modifiers Advisory Committee: adenovirus titer measurements and RCA levels FDA guidance for industry: supplemental guidance on testing for replication competent retrovirus in retroviral vector based gene therapy products and during follow-up of patients in clinical trials using retroviral vectors FDA points to consider in the characterization of cell lines used to produce biologicals FDA gene therapy patient tracking system final document FDA guidance concerning demonstration of comparability of human biological products, including therapeutic biotechnology-derived products Third national NIH gene transfer safety symposium: safety considerations in the use of AAV vectors in gene transfer clinical trials Basic principles of gene therapy: basic principles and safety considerations Preclinical animal models in gene therapy research A new animal model for human respiratory tract disease due to adenovirus Use of Aotus monkey to assess neurovirulence of replication-selective herpes vectors Herpes simplex type 1 infects and establishes latency in the brain and trigeminal ganglia during primary infection of the lip in cotton rats and mice Tropism of human adenovirus type 5-based vectors in swine and their ability to protect against transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus Porcine toxicology studies of SCH 58500, an adenoviral vector for the p53 gene Pathogenesis of adenovirus type 5 pneumonia in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) As a result, it was only natural that these animals be used to evaluate the safety of gene therapy vectors produced from HSV-1. keywords: adenovirus; administration; agent; animal; assays; cell; cgmp; development; dose; evaluation; fda; gene; gene therapy; human; preclinical; product; production; recombinant; replication; response; safety; studies; therapy; toxicity; transfer; use; vector; virus cache: cord-017208-7oew461e.txt plain text: cord-017208-7oew461e.txt item: #24 of 136 id: cord-017955-oipail5l author: Wilkie, David A. title: The Ophthalmic Examination as It Pertains to General Ocular Toxicology: Basic and Advanced Techniques and Species-Associated Findings date: 2013-08-29 words: 12677 flesch: 44 summary: All personnel, including the consulting ophthalmologist, involved in animal studies will be expected to be familiar with GLP and will usually be required to take annual GLP-refresher courses. This chapter emphasizes the routine ophthalmic examination of laboratory animals. keywords: abnormalities; animals; anterior; corneal; dystrophy; examination; eye; fig; findings; fluorescein; fundus; laboratory; lens; normal; ophthalmologist; rats; slit; species; studies; study cache: cord-017955-oipail5l.txt plain text: cord-017955-oipail5l.txt item: #25 of 136 id: cord-018145-kssjdn8y author: Niemann, Heiner title: Transgenic Farm Animals: Current Status and Perspectives for Agriculture and Biomedicine date: 2009 words: 9168 flesch: 28 summary: Although the efficiency of transgenic animal production by microinjection technology is low, many animals with agriculturally important transgenic traits were produced. Transgenic animal production for biomedical applications has found broad acceptance. keywords: animals; cattle; cells; et al; expression; farm; gene; generation; gland; human; mice; milk; pigs; porcine; production; protein; recombinant; sheep; stem; technology; transfer; transgenic cache: cord-018145-kssjdn8y.txt plain text: cord-018145-kssjdn8y.txt item: #26 of 136 id: cord-018151-5su98uan author: Lynteris, Christos title: Introduction: Infectious Animals and Epidemic Blame date: 2019-10-12 words: 8568 flesch: 31 summary: Providing original studies of rats, mosquitoes, marmots, dogs and 'bushmeat', which at different points in the history of modern medicine and public health have come to embody social and scientific concerns about infection, this volume aims to elucidate the impact of framing non-human animals as epidemic villains. Underlining the ethical, aesthetic, epistemological and political entanglement of non-human animals with shifting medical perspectives and agendas, ranging from tropical medicine to Global Health, the chapters in this volume come to remind us that, in spite of the rhetoric of One Health and academic evocations of multispecies intimacies, the image and social life of non-human animals as epidemic villains is a constitutive part of modern epidemiology and public health as apparatuses of state and capitalist management. keywords: animals; century; disease; dogs; epidemic; hand; health; human; modern; pandemic; plague; public; rat; rats; spreaders; time; vermin; villains; volume cache: cord-018151-5su98uan.txt plain text: cord-018151-5su98uan.txt item: #27 of 136 id: cord-018332-893cckyz author: Price, Jason D. title: Desire and the Law: Creative Resistance in the Reluctant Passenger and the Heart of Redness date: 2017-07-16 words: 22871 flesch: 45 summary: For example, we learn that Luc desires protection of the baboons, and the protagonist, Morris, begins to care for the case at first because he desires Luc as the narrative later confirms. Like Nick Morris in The Reluctant Passenger, at first he fears this different kind of non-human desire and seeks to maintain control over this zoë: He must get away from these surroundings that are haunted by Qukezwa's aura. keywords: animals; baboons; bhonco; camagu; capitalist; cattle; community; conroy; control; desire; development; environment; human; knowledge; law; life; luc; morris; nature; non; novel; people; protection; qukezwa; rights; south cache: cord-018332-893cckyz.txt plain text: cord-018332-893cckyz.txt item: #28 of 136 id: cord-018404-jdu4h00e author: DuBourdieu, Dan title: Colostrum Antibodies, Egg Antibodies and Monoclonal Antibodies Providing Passive Immunity for Animals date: 2019-03-11 words: 8791 flesch: 42 summary: Various processes have been developed to help minimize heat damage to egg antibodies and immunoregulatory factors during the spraydrying procedure. Research shows that this pathway starts to close shortly after birth, and after 8-12 h, approximately 50% of the calf's ability to absorb colostrum antibodies is gone. keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; calf; calves; colostrum; diseases; egg; et al; igg; igy; immunity; mabs; production; system; use cache: cord-018404-jdu4h00e.txt plain text: cord-018404-jdu4h00e.txt item: #29 of 136 id: cord-018566-dd5gw66t author: Armbruster, Walter J. title: The Political Economy of US Antibiotic Use in Animal Feed date: 2018-05-30 words: 11426 flesch: 31 summary: To the extent they can be developed and used separately, the potential for animal antibiotic use leading to antimicrobial resistance for important human antibiotics will be mitigated. Despite the scientific and economic evidence, many comments to the proposed final regulation reflected ongoing resistance to the elimination of food animal production use of medically important antibiotics. keywords: agriculture; animal; antibiotics; antimicrobials; bacteria; costs; drug; fda; feed; food; health; human; industry; new; production; products; public; resistance; use cache: cord-018566-dd5gw66t.txt plain text: cord-018566-dd5gw66t.txt item: #30 of 136 id: cord-018706-gykw2nvt author: Yadav, Mahendra Pal title: Emerging and Transboundary Animal Viral Diseases: Perspectives and Preparedness date: 2020-02-23 words: 9689 flesch: 38 summary: A few other factors are also responsible for greater threat due to TADs, namely (1) lack of awareness of the farmers about the high-threat epizootic animal diseases; (2) lack of diagnostic facilities for exotic diseases, and under-reporting of animal diseases like HPAI due to the fear of loss of internal and export market till the country gets infection-free status as per OIE-laid-down criteria; and (3) poor and faulty compensation schemes. As animal diseases get less priority than human infections/diseases in undertaking immediate disease control measures, the threat scenario with the use of animal pathogens for bioterrorism or biowarfare will have many serious consequences. keywords: animal; biosecurity; control; countries; diseases; eids; fever; fmd; global; health; human; livestock; poultry; production; spread; tads; threat; trade; vaccine; virus; world cache: cord-018706-gykw2nvt.txt plain text: cord-018706-gykw2nvt.txt item: #31 of 136 id: cord-021158-075vh5jg author: Fortané, Nicolas title: Antimicrobial resistance: preventive approaches to the rescue? Professional expertise and business model of French “industrial” veterinarians date: 2020-01-06 words: 12212 flesch: 48 summary: One of the most important concerns the controversies and public policies that have developed over recent years with regard to the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which has directly challenged the economic and professional model of farm animal veterinary practices that were setting drugs (mostly antibiotics) up as a cornerstone of veterinary activity, as a source of both income and professional expertise. The fact is that this model of preventive veterinary medicine seems in reality to be quite typical of a very particular segment of the veterinary profession, the one this article proposes to describe, namely industrial vets. keywords: amr; animal; antibiotics; approaches; expertise; farmers; health; medicine; model; pig; poultry; profession; time; use; veterinarians; veterinary; vets cache: cord-021158-075vh5jg.txt plain text: cord-021158-075vh5jg.txt item: #32 of 136 id: cord-021453-vf8xbaug author: Dysko, Robert C. title: Biology and Diseases of Dogs date: 2007-09-02 words: 42005 flesch: 46 summary: Preventing laboratory animals from contacting ticks is the primary means to avoid monocytic ehrlichiosis in research dogs. For this reason, medical treatment of heartworm disease is not usually attempted in research dogs. keywords: acute; adult; age; animals; areas; beagles; bitch; blood; body; canine; canis; cases; catheter; cause; cells; complications; control; days; diagnosis; differential; disease; dogs; epizootiology; et al; etiology; findings; heartworm; host; hypothyroidism; infection; laboratory; lesions; months; pathogenesis; prevention; puppies; research; result; setting; signs; skin; stage; studies; study; systemic; therapy; tick; time; tissue; transmission; treatment; tumors; use; veterinary; weeks; weight; wound cache: cord-021453-vf8xbaug.txt plain text: cord-021453-vf8xbaug.txt item: #33 of 136 id: cord-021457-wymtn8q9 author: Susanne, Rensing title: Husbandry and Management of New World Species: Marmosets and Tamarins date: 2007-09-02 words: 6437 flesch: 55 summary: Vignes et al. If animals have to be single-housed for experimental reasons, they should have at least visual and olfactory contact to a compatible animal. keywords: animals; cage; callitrichids; days; diarrhoea; diet; et al; feeding; food; groups; marmosets; primates; symptoms; tamarins; world cache: cord-021457-wymtn8q9.txt plain text: cord-021457-wymtn8q9.txt item: #34 of 136 id: cord-021555-rrverrsj author: Delano, Margaret L. title: Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, and Cattle date: 2007-09-02 words: 71795 flesch: 48 summary: In less severe outbreaks or individual animal disease, definitive diagnosis may never be made. Therefore, they should be housed in groups or at least within eyesight and hearing of other animals. keywords: abortion; acute; addition; adult; age; animals; areas; blood; body; bovine; breeding; breeds; calves; cases; cattle; cause; cells; chronic; colostrum; condition; control; copper; cows; dairy; days; death; diagnosis; diarrhea; differential; disease; edema; environment; epizootiology; etiology; ewes; feces; feed; fever; findings; flock; form; gastrointestinal; goats; herd; host; immunity; infection; kids; lambs; lesions; levels; liver; loss; management; mastitis; milk; months; mortality; necropsy; organism; pathogenesis; period; pregnancy; prevention; production; research; result; rumen; ruminants; sheep; signs; skin; species; states; time; tissues; tract; transmission; treatment; type; united; vaccination; vaccine; viral; virus; water; weeks; weight; young cache: cord-021555-rrverrsj.txt plain text: cord-021555-rrverrsj.txt item: #35 of 136 id: cord-022219-y7vsc6r7 author: PEIFFER, ROBERT L. title: Animals in Ophthalmic Research: Concepts and Methodologies date: 2013-11-17 words: 24877 flesch: 43 summary: Deep inoculations are required to produce a stromal keratitis (Fig. 1) , while the epithelial disease may be induced through shallow scratches (Polli koff et al., 1972) . A discussion of the optical principles of specular mi croscopy is provided by Laing et al. keywords: animals; antigen; aqueous; blood; cataracts; cells; chamber; changes; cornea; culture; disease; dogs; drugs; effects; endothelial; et al; eye; fig; glaucoma; guinea; human; humor; injection; iop; laboratory; lens; lenses; model; monkeys; outflow; pressure; rabbit; rats; research; response; results; retina; species; studies; study; technique; tissue; use; uveitis; vessels cache: cord-022219-y7vsc6r7.txt plain text: cord-022219-y7vsc6r7.txt item: #36 of 136 id: cord-022242-pb1p6vrd author: Stalheim, O.H.V. title: Major Infectious Diseases date: 2012-12-02 words: 574 flesch: 42 summary: Yearbook of Agriculture Diseases of Fur-Bearing Animals The Geographical Distribution of Animal Viral Diseases The Merck Veterinary Manual A Symposium on Diseases of Fishes and Shellfishes Contributions of the Bureau of Animal Industry to the veterinary profession Foreign Animal Diseases: Their Prevention, Diag nosis, and Control Morbidity Mortality Annual Summary The methods used to control animal diseases have evolved from the early ideas that the diseases of man and beast represented divine re tribution for sins and had to be endured with patience. keywords: animal; diseases cache: cord-022242-pb1p6vrd.txt plain text: cord-022242-pb1p6vrd.txt item: #37 of 136 id: cord-022255-5s2l1kua author: Kunstyr, Ivo title: Control of SPF Conditions: FELASA Standards date: 2007-09-02 words: 2693 flesch: 38 summary: It is for this reason that so-called (specific pathogen free) SPF animals are used for animal experiments. It is for this reason that so-called 'SPF' (or specific pathogen free) animals are used for animal experiments. keywords: animals; health; infections; methods; monitoring cache: cord-022255-5s2l1kua.txt plain text: cord-022255-5s2l1kua.txt item: #38 of 136 id: cord-022383-pz0htccp author: Kohn, Dennis F. title: Biology and Diseases of Rats date: 2013-11-17 words: 20192 flesch: 48 summary: It must, there- fore, be assumed that seropositive rats are persistently infected and can serve as a source of infection to other rats. Attempts to induce the disease in other rats with this agent have yielded inconsistent results (Fox et al, 1977) . keywords: agents; animals; antibody; cause; cell; clinical; colonies; colony; days; diagnosis; disease; epithelium; females; fig; glands; host; infected; infection; laboratory; laboratory rats; lesions; lung; mice; mouse; mycoplasma; number; organism; pulmonis; rats; research; sdav; sendai; signs; species; stocks; strains; studies; tract; tumors; virus; water cache: cord-022383-pz0htccp.txt plain text: cord-022383-pz0htccp.txt item: #39 of 136 id: cord-022393-s26d54ew author: E. Newcomer, Christian title: Zoonoses and Other Human Health Hazards date: 2007-09-02 words: 17048 flesch: 33 summary: The biomedical literature contains numerous reports of zoonotic diseases and parasitic infestations from laboratory mice and their wild counterparts. Wild caught mice that are maintained in naturalistic housing environments in the laboratory, laboratory mice that have contact with wild or feral mice, and mice kept as pets in the home environment are examples of animal management conditions that would be conducive to the expression and transmission of zoonotic diseases and other mouse-associated hazards. keywords: allergen; allergy; animal; bite; cases; choriomeningitis; colonies; disease; et al; exposure; fever; health; host; humans; individuals; infection; laboratory; laboratory animal; laboratory mice; lcmv; mice; mite; moniliformis; mouse; patients; personnel; research; risk; rodents; salmonella; species; studies; symptoms; transmission; virus; wild cache: cord-022393-s26d54ew.txt plain text: cord-022393-s26d54ew.txt item: #40 of 136 id: cord-022404-cz3ruqxx author: Scott, Danny W. title: Dermatoses of Pet Rodents, Rabbits, and Ferrets date: 2009-05-15 words: 15524 flesch: 47 summary: 11, 17 Not surprisingly, S. aureus is a common opportunist and cause of skin infections in these species. Bacterial skin infections are uncommon in the ferret and are usually caused by S. aureus or Streptococcus spp. keywords: alopecia; animals; areas; deficiency; dermatitis; diagnosis; disease; erythema; ferrets; fig; gland; guinea; hair; head; infection; ivermectin; lesions; mice; mites; neck; pigs; pruritus; rabbits; rats; skin; tail; treatment cache: cord-022404-cz3ruqxx.txt plain text: cord-022404-cz3ruqxx.txt item: #41 of 136 id: cord-022506-fkddo12n author: Griffin, Brenda title: Population Wellness: Keeping Cats Physically and Behaviorally Healthy date: 2011-12-05 words: 23812 flesch: 46 summary: Indeed, veterinarians may be tasked with developing health care programs for cat populations in a wide spectrum of settings-from facilities housing laboratory animals, to animal shelters, home-based rescue and foster providers, care-for-life cat sanctuaries, breeding catteries, or large multicat households. In particular, upper respiratory disease is the most common endemic disease in cat populations and is impossible to completely prevent in an open population. keywords: addition; animal; areas; behavioral; care; cats; control; disease; environment; feline; figure; group; health; housing; individual; infection; kittens; physical; population; setting; shelter; stress; time; use; vaccination; wellness cache: cord-022506-fkddo12n.txt plain text: cord-022506-fkddo12n.txt item: #42 of 136 id: cord-022512-939pika7 author: Merck, Melinda D. title: Clinical Management of Large-Scale Cruelty Cases date: 2015-12-04 words: 4658 flesch: 44 summary: Cats may be mechanical carriers and never develop clinical lesions themselves; such cats are seldom clinically relevant to the case, the individual animals, or the general population. Any medications, supplies, and supplements should be documented, noting any prescriptions for individual cats, the date prescribed, expiration dates, the original amount and quantity remaining, and the prescribing veterinarian's information. keywords: animal; cases; cats; examination; feline; housing; scene; shelter; stress; veterinarian cache: cord-022512-939pika7.txt plain text: cord-022512-939pika7.txt item: #43 of 136 id: cord-022561-rv5j1201 author: Boes, Katie M. title: Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System date: 2017-02-17 words: 52302 flesch: 38 summary: Production and turnover of blood cells are balanced so that numbers are maintained within normal ranges (steady-state kinetics) in healthy individuals. (note: Some parasites may infect blood cells, such as Hepatozoon organisms within circulating neutrophils or monocytes or Bartonella organisms within erythrocytes, but mainly cause disease in other body systems and are therefore not discussed in this chapter.) keywords: acute; anemia; animals; blood; blood cells; bone; bone marrow; cases; cats; cattle; cause; cell lymphoma; cells; chapter; chronic; coagulation; common; concentration; deficiency; disease; disorders; dogs; erythrocytes; fig; form; hemoglobin; hemolysis; horses; hyperplasia; immune; infection; inflammation; iron; large; lesions; leukemia; liver; lymph; lymph nodes; lymphocytes; lymphoid; lymphoma; macrophages; marrow; neoplasia; neutrophils; nodes; plasma; platelet; pulp; red; response; result; sinus; species; spleen; system; thrombocytopenia; tissue; vessels; zone cache: cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt plain text: cord-022561-rv5j1201.txt item: #44 of 136 id: cord-022708-rr3xua38 author: None title: News date: 2019-04-25 words: 8661 flesch: 51 summary: • If you want to be a part of our leadership of animal health in the world, meet Jennifer Davis. The risks and opportunities in animal health will continue to evolve, as will the expectations, interests and demographics of the veterinary profession. keywords: animal; australia; ava; business; dogs; food; future; health; meat; new; pet; profession; role; sector; study; veterinarians; veterinary; wildlife; work cache: cord-022708-rr3xua38.txt plain text: cord-022708-rr3xua38.txt item: #45 of 136 id: cord-023165-f6o6owg3 author: NAVARRE, CHRISTINE B. title: Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System date: 2009-05-21 words: 24580 flesch: 53 summary: Unlike in other small animals, contrast techniques are not practical for characterizing small intestinal problems in sheep and goats because the rumen dilutes and slows passage of the contrast media. Using EDTA tubes made for small animals or shaking excess EDTA out of large tubes resolves this problem. keywords: animals; bloat; cases; cattle; cause; chronic; clinician; condition; control; days; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; feces; feed; fluid; goats; infection; kids; lambs; liver; parasites; prevention; resistance; rumen; ruminants; sheep; signs; suture; treatment cache: cord-023165-f6o6owg3.txt plain text: cord-023165-f6o6owg3.txt item: #46 of 136 id: cord-023367-ujflw19b author: Newcomer, Benjamin W. title: Diseases of the hematologic, immunologic, and lymphatic systems (multisystem diseases) [Image: see text] date: 2020-04-17 words: 33192 flesch: 48 summary: No treatment is available for border disease infection. Because blood gas analysis and exclusion of other diseases often are impractical, the term floppy kid syndrome frequently is used by owners to refer to any kid that is weak and does not have an overt, organ-specific sign (e.g., diarrhea). keywords: acute; anemia; animals; bacteria; blood; cases; cause; cells; chronic; clinical; clostridium; colostrum; death; deer; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; edema; fever; flock; fluids; goats; hours; infection; kids; lambs; lesions; liver; milk; months; neonates; organism; perfringens; prevention; ruminants; serum; sheep; signs; skin; species; tissue; toxin; treatment; type; virus cache: cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt plain text: cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt item: #47 of 136 id: cord-023731-jqgervt7 author: FENNER, FRANK title: Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Diseases date: 2014-06-27 words: 6996 flesch: 37 summary: On the other hand, recovery of an enterovirus from the feces, or a herpesvirus from a nasal or throat swab may not necessarily be significant, because such viruses are often associated with inapparent infections at these sites. These pro cedures (see Plate 13-5) are most useful in the rapid identification of cell culture virus isolates, as well as directly on specimens (see below). keywords: animal; antibody; antigen; cell; cultures; diagnosis; infections; isolation; laboratory; procedures; species; specific; virus; viruses cache: cord-023731-jqgervt7.txt plain text: cord-023731-jqgervt7.txt item: #48 of 136 id: cord-026009-rdhuc2n2 author: Anderson, Nancy L. title: Pet Rodents date: 2009-05-15 words: 14928 flesch: 56 summary: • Diagnosis is based on clinical signs, history, visualization of parasite, skin scrape, and cellophane tape test. • Clinical signs include erythema, pruritus, waxy debris, and excoriations behind the ears. keywords: animals; cage; cause; chinchillas; common; culture; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; examination; guinea; hamsters; infection; male; mice; pet; pigs; prognosis; rats; results; rodents; signs; skin; table; treat; treatment; tube; use cache: cord-026009-rdhuc2n2.txt plain text: cord-026009-rdhuc2n2.txt item: #49 of 136 id: cord-026031-hnf5vayd author: Ford, Richard B. title: Emergency Care date: 2009-05-21 words: 112481 flesch: 42 summary: animal patients. The normal CVP for small animal patients is 0 to 5 cm H 2 O. Values less than zero are associated with absolute or relative hypovolemia. keywords: abnormalities; acute; administer; administration; airway; animal; bandage; blood; blood pressure; body; cardiac; care; cases; catheter; cats; cause; charcoal; control; crystalloid; damage; days; decrease; diagnosis; disease; dogs; dose; drugs; dysrhythmias; edema; effects; effusion; emergency; emesis; examination; exposure; failure; fluid; following; function; gastrointestinal; heart; hemorrhage; hours; infection; ingestion; injury; intravenous; kg iv; kg po; lavage; loss; management; minutes; monitor; needle; normal; obstruction; occurs; oxygen; pain; patient; perform; perfusion; place; plasma; presence; present; pressure; pulmonary; radiographs; rate; renal; result; risk; saline; secondary; seizures; serum; shock; signs; skin; sodium; solution; supplemental; therapy; thoracic; time; tissue; toxicity; trauma; treatment; tube; urine; volume; vomiting; water; wound cache: cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt plain text: cord-026031-hnf5vayd.txt item: #50 of 136 id: cord-028275-szb45jm2 author: Reza Khorramizadeh, M. title: Animal models for human disease date: 2020-06-26 words: 11618 flesch: 42 summary: The sublining also undergoes alterations for its cellularity, both in cell type and in cell numbers, with prominent infiltration of mononuclear cells, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, and plasma cells. T cells are also important for CIA development during early stages of disease progression. keywords: animal; arthritis; cells; collagen; cytokines; disease; et al; human; inflammatory; mice; models; myelin; patients; rheumatoid; rheumatoid arthritis; sclerosis; synovial; system; t cells; treatment; type cache: cord-028275-szb45jm2.txt plain text: cord-028275-szb45jm2.txt item: #51 of 136 id: cord-031482-atltc10d author: Arkow, Phil title: Human–Animal Relationships and Social Work: Opportunities Beyond the Veterinary Environment date: 2020-09-05 words: 9864 flesch: 27 summary: There is, conversely, substantial evidence of animal abuse as a potential precursor and indicator of interpersonal violence often linked to child maltreatment, intimate partner violence and elder abuse (Arkow, 2015a) . She reported a highcrime neighborhood seemed to predict animal abuse, and that animal neglect correlated with demographic, cultural, and structural aspects of block groups, suggesting social disorganization may lead to animal neglect. keywords: abuse; animal; animal abuse; child; children; clients; community; family; human; pet; pets; relationships; risk; services; social; veterinary; violence; welfare; work; workers cache: cord-031482-atltc10d.txt plain text: cord-031482-atltc10d.txt item: #52 of 136 id: cord-104226-bb4lyvhy author: None title: Monoclonal antiprothrombinase (3D4.3) prevents mortality from murine hepatitis virus (MHV-3) infection date: 1992-09-01 words: 4690 flesch: 44 summary: PCA antibody titers in this group were ~5 0 % of that present during antibody therapy, consistent with known rates of disappearance of IgG. The MHV-rechallenged mice experienced a 50% mortality rate, suggesting that protection was by passive immunization of antibody, not an acquired, active immune process (Fig. 9 ). ELISA for Anti-PCA Antibody. keywords: animals; antibody; cells; infection; liver; mhv-3; mice; necrosis; pca; virus cache: cord-104226-bb4lyvhy.txt plain text: cord-104226-bb4lyvhy.txt item: #53 of 136 id: cord-254264-jkug3jpz author: Schaefer, A. L. title: The use of infrared thermography as an early indicator of bovine respiratory disease complex in calves date: 2007-12-31 words: 4611 flesch: 42 summary: Hence, the use of a gold standard has been deemed useful in both human (American College, 1992) and animal clinical studies (Galen and Gambino, 1975; Thrusfield, 1995) . However, for data 4-6 days prior to the appearance of clinical illness, Fisher exact test scores indicated that infrared thermography was significantly better (P < 0.01) at identifying true positive animals than either clinical scores or core temperature. keywords: animals; bovine; brd; calves; data; disease; infrared; study; thermography; values cache: cord-254264-jkug3jpz.txt plain text: cord-254264-jkug3jpz.txt item: #54 of 136 id: cord-254559-3kgfwjzd author: Neo, Jacqueline Pei Shan title: The use of animals as a surveillance tool for monitoring environmental health hazards, human health hazards and bioterrorism date: 2017-05-31 words: 6296 flesch: 34 summary: The extent of support for animal disease surveillance in communities is largely built upon its understanding of the dangers of zoonoses to human health, trade and the economy, rather than out of interest in wildlife health. [WWW Document The global ecology and epidemiology of west nile virus Control and prevention of emerging zoonoses MERS coronaviruses in dromedary camels Tioman virus, a novel paramyxovirus isolated from fruit bats in Malaysia Dogs can play useful role as sentinel hosts for disease Toxic blooms of cyanobacteria in Lake Alexandrina, South Australia -learning from history The perceived value of passive animal health surveillance: the case of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Vietnam Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States Chickens on alert in Kuwait Challenges of animal health information systems and surveillance for animal diseases and zoonoses One world, one health, one medicine Encephalitis caused by a Lyssavirus in Fruit Bats in Australia Ducks as sentinels for avian influenza in wild birds Bioaccumulation efficiency, tissue distribution, and environmental occurrence of hepatitis E virus in bivalve shellfish from France Animals as early detectors of bioevents: veterinary tools and a framework for animal-human integrated zoonotic disease surveillance Windblown lead carbonate as the main source of lead in blood of children from a seaside community: an example of local birds as canaries in the mine A framework for evaluating animals as sentinels for infectious disease surveillance Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus One health and cyanobacteria in freshwater systems: animal illnesses and deaths are sentinel events for human health risks Proposed terms and concepts for describing and evaluating animal-health surveillance systems Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Confronting zoonoses, linking human and veterinary medicine One Health proof of concept: bringing a transdisciplinary approach to surveillance for zoonotic viruses at the humanwild animal interface Relationship of parasites and pathologies to contaminant body burden in sentinel bivalves: NOAA Status and Trends Mussel Watch Program Bacteria in bivalve shellfish with special reference to the oyster Public health. keywords: animals; bats; disease; et al; exposure; hazards; health; human; lead; monitoring; potential; sentinel; surveillance; tools; use; virus cache: cord-254559-3kgfwjzd.txt plain text: cord-254559-3kgfwjzd.txt item: #55 of 136 id: cord-255139-hswef5ky author: Khan, Safdar A. title: Differential Diagnosis of Common Acute Toxicologic Versus Nontoxicologic Illness date: 2018-11-30 words: 861 flesch: 25 summary: Where necessary, with each rule-out, along with major clinical abnormality, a brief description of other clinical signs is also provided. Major clinical abnormalities are listed, along with common toxicologic rule outs and nontoxicologic rule outs. keywords: animal; history; nontoxicologic; rule cache: cord-255139-hswef5ky.txt plain text: cord-255139-hswef5ky.txt item: #56 of 136 id: cord-256615-gvq8uyfk author: Rosenberg, Ronald title: Detecting the emergence of novel, zoonotic viruses pathogenic to humans date: 2014-11-22 words: 6694 flesch: 42 summary: Understanding how such adaptability works could focus our attention on those virus families or species with the greatest chance of infecting humans but how this knowledge could be used more specifically to identify potential threats to humans among animal viruses, as has recently been proposed Because all scientists worked in a single unit connections between human virus isolates and those from animals or vectors were readily made. keywords: animal; arboviruses; discovery; disease; human; novel; number; pathogens; rna; species; surveillance; transmission; viruses cache: cord-256615-gvq8uyfk.txt plain text: cord-256615-gvq8uyfk.txt item: #57 of 136 id: cord-256903-8lyw27gh author: Guzman, Efrain title: Contributions of Farm Animals to Immunology date: 2018-12-06 words: 6515 flesch: 29 summary: Thymic and extra-thymic development of T cells has been studied mainly in mice and because the expression of CD8 and CD4 in mouse T cells for the most part mutually exclusive, CD4/CD8 DP lymphocytes have generally been ignored. Unlike mice, other species like cattle, pigs and chickens possess a substantial proportion of T cells expressing the γδ TCR cells in the circulation suggesting that circulating γδ TCR T cells have a more important role immunity than previously thought (54) . keywords: animals; antibody; antigen; bovine; cattle; cells; disease; human; immune; mice; pigs; responses; studies; vaccine; virus cache: cord-256903-8lyw27gh.txt plain text: cord-256903-8lyw27gh.txt item: #58 of 136 id: cord-257597-jy4a8al8 author: von Essen, Erica title: Instagranimal: Animal Welfare and Animal Ethics Challenges of Animal-Based Tourism date: 2020-10-08 words: 8261 flesch: 37 summary: They build on the ideas presented in the above introduction, discussing new arenas for animal tourism, societal drivers behind the phenomenon and compassionate animal tourism. A desire was to span the three contexts of animal tourism: ecotourism, hunting tourism and agritourism. keywords: animal; animal tourism; animal welfare; conservation; human; hunting; individual; industry; legislation; research; species; symposium; technology; tourism; tourists; travel; welfare; wild cache: cord-257597-jy4a8al8.txt plain text: cord-257597-jy4a8al8.txt item: #59 of 136 id: cord-258389-1u05w7r4 author: Verma, Anju title: Animal tissue culture principles and applications date: 2020-06-26 words: 12099 flesch: 45 summary: Cell culture is the process by which human, animal, or insect cells are grown in a favorable artificial environment. The cultures were originally created to study the development of cell cultures and normal physiological events such as nerve development. keywords: animal; animal cell; cell; cell culture; cell lines; culture; development; factors; gene; growth; human; lines; media; medium; number; phase; production; protein; serum; system; tissue; type; vaccine; virus; vivo cache: cord-258389-1u05w7r4.txt plain text: cord-258389-1u05w7r4.txt item: #60 of 136 id: cord-259050-482nk9je author: Mätz‐Rensing, K. title: Outbreak of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection in a group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) date: 2009-06-07 words: 2349 flesch: 48 summary: Two died suddenly without obvious clinical findings (animals No. 3, 4), one of these was a pregnant one (animal No. 3). Conclusions The infection was passed on from animal to animal but did not spread to the other five breeding groups nearby. keywords: animals; equi; infection; outbreak; subsp; zooepidemicus cache: cord-259050-482nk9je.txt plain text: cord-259050-482nk9je.txt item: #61 of 136 id: cord-262336-onghrm7y author: Nevarez, Javier title: CHAPTER 6 CROCODILIANS date: 2009-12-31 words: 13292 flesch: 46 summary: Naturally occurring antibacterial activities of avian and crocodile tissues Isolation of Aeromonas hydrophila from the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) Aeromonas-induced deaths among fi sh and reptiles in an eutrophic inland lake Diseases of the eye and ocular adnexae in reptiles Immobilization, blood sampling, necropsy techniques and diseases of crocodilians: a review Initial antibiotic therapy for alligator bites: characterization of the oral fl ora of Alligator mississippiensis Gram-negative septicemia in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) Isolation of Edwardsiella tarda from a sea lion and two alligators Treatment of multiple cases of Pasteurella multocida and Staphylococcal pneumonia in Alligator mississippiensis on a herd basis Pathology of experimental mycoplasmosis in American alligators Adenovirus-like infection in two Nile crocodiles Morbidity and mortality associated with a new mycoplasma species from captive American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) Clinical values associated with opportunistic bacterial diseases in farm-raised alligators Brown spot disease in the Louisiana alligator industry: what we know about the disease and possible control protocols Brown spot disease of commercially-raised alligators: a preliminary report Colibacillosis in captive wild animals Mycoplasma alligatoris sp nov, from American alligators Aerobic intestinal fl ora of wild-caught African dwarf crocodiles (Osteolaemus tetraspis) However, I have also observed evidence of metabolic bone disease in a subset of captive American alligators being fed a commercial diet with no exposure to UVB light. keywords: alligators; american; animals; buildings; crocodiles; crocodilians; disease; environment; figure; infection; light; mississippiensis; nile; operations; reptiles; signs; source; species; stress; veterinarians; virus; water; wnv cache: cord-262336-onghrm7y.txt plain text: cord-262336-onghrm7y.txt item: #62 of 136 id: cord-263667-5g51n27e author: Steele, James Harlan title: Veterinary public health: Past success, new opportunities date: 2008-09-15 words: 11261 flesch: 56 summary: The relation of animal diseases to human disease was observed in the ancient civilizations of Babylon, the Nile Valley, and China and noted by Leviticus in the Old Testament, and later by Hippocrates in Greece, and Virgil and Galen in Rome. The movement of animal diseases into the Americas is believed to have been in the support of the settlements founded by Columbus in Santo Domingo in 1493. keywords: animal; animal health; century; control; diseases; fever; food; health; human; medical; medicine; meyer; milk; new; program; public; rabies; states; tuberculosis; united; veterinarians; veterinary; war; world; years cache: cord-263667-5g51n27e.txt plain text: cord-263667-5g51n27e.txt item: #63 of 136 id: cord-264408-vk4lt83x author: Ruiz, Sara I. title: Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases date: 2017-06-23 words: 34509 flesch: 38 summary: The severe acute respiratory syndrome severe acute respiratory syndrome Bacterial sinusitis and otitis media following influenza virus infection in ferrets Neuropathology of H5N1 virus infection in ferrets The draft genome sequence of the ferret (Mustela putorius furo) facilitates study of human respiratory disease Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for sArs Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever rift Valley fever Inbred rat strains mimic the disparate human response to rift Valley fever virus infection experimental studies of arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers experimental rift Valley fever in rhesus macaques Bovine respiratory syncytial virus protects cotton rats against human respiratory syncytial virus infection Human Hendra virus encephalitis associated with equine outbreak Molecularly engineered live-attenuated chimeric West Nile/dengue virus vaccines protect rhesus monkeys from West Nile virus structure as revealed by airway dissection. emerg Generation of a transgenic mouse model of Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease Pathological changes in brain and other target organs of infant and weanling mice after infection with nonneuroadapted Western equine encephalitis virus Particle-to-PFU ratio of ebola virus influences disease course and survival in cynomolgus macaques Progress toward norovirus vaccines: considerations for further development and implementation in potential target populations Characterization of lethal Zika virus infection in AG129 mice experimental in vitro and in vivo models for the study of human hepatitis B virus infection A model of meningococcal bacteremia after respiratory superinfection in influenza A virus-infected mice Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns Aerosol exposure to the Angola strain of marburg virus causes lethal viral hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques Necrotizing scleritis, conjunctivitis, and other pathologic findings in the left eye and brain of an ebola Virus-Infected rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with apparent recovery and a delayed time of death American Academy of Pediatrics subcommittee on Diagnosis and Management of Bronchiolitis Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models The gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, a model for rift Valley fever viral encephalitis Morbidity and mortality among patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a 2-year retrospective review Chikungunya and the nervous system: what we do and do not know The West Nile virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: the Flushing Hospital experience Hospital outbreak of Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Diagnosis of noncultivatable gastroenteritis viruses, the human caliciviruses Norovirus vaccine against experimental human Norwalk Virus illness Determination of the 50% human infectious dose for Norwalk virus An epizootic attributable to Western equine encephalitis virus infection in emus in Texas evidence for camel-to-human transmission of Mers coronavirus Integrated molecular signature of disease: analysis of influenza virus-infected macaques through functional genomics and proteomics Disseminated and sustained HIV infection in CD34+ cord blood cell-transplanted rag2 −/− gamma c keywords: acute; aerosol; animal; animal model; cells; challenge; clinical; coronavirus; cov; cynomolgus; days; dengue; disease; encephalitis; et al; experimental; exposure; ferrets; fever; fever virus; guinea; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; infection model; influenza; influenza virus; inoculation; lethal; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mouse; mouse model; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; replication; response; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strain; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-264408-vk4lt83x.txt plain text: cord-264408-vk4lt83x.txt item: #64 of 136 id: cord-265299-oovkoiyj author: Hickman, D.L. title: Commonly Used Animal Models date: 2016-11-25 words: 14970 flesch: 49 summary: Throughout history, outbreaks of bubonic plague, typhus, and hantaviruses have had an unwitting accomplice in the rat (Zinsser, 1935; Benedictow, 2004; Firth et al., 2014) . Over the centuries, rats have also been used for food (e.g., in Imperial China), companionship, and sport (Gorn and Goldstein, 2004; Hopkins et al., 2004; Burt, 2006) . keywords: amphibians; animals; behavior; birds; body; cage; care; couto; development; disease; enrichment; et al; example; female; fig; food; glands; housing; laboratory; male; mice; model; mouse; rabbits; rats; reptiles; research; rodents; sohn; species; studies; system; water; zebrafish cache: cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt plain text: cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt item: #65 of 136 id: cord-265311-3lp5t9q8 author: Salman, M. D. title: The role of veterinary epidemiology in combating infectious animal diseases on a global scale: The impact of training and outreach programs date: 2009-12-01 words: 3246 flesch: 37 summary: Animal health programs were in the spotlight since the primary issue that would facilitate or impede the trade of animals and their products was their effect on the safety and health of humans, animals, and plants. This type of approach to training has several advantages for building a sound infrastructure for animal health programs. keywords: animal; diseases; epidemiology; health; public; training; veterinary cache: cord-265311-3lp5t9q8.txt plain text: cord-265311-3lp5t9q8.txt item: #66 of 136 id: cord-266746-c0urbl6l author: Hicks, T.M. title: Protein-Rich By-Products: Production Statistics, Legislative Restrictions, and Management Options date: 2016-08-19 words: 6283 flesch: 40 summary: Finally, animal waste has also been used as a feed ingredient, including dried ruminant waste (manure), dried poultry waste, dried poultry litter, dried swine waste, undried processed animal waste products, and processed animal waste derivatives (lefferts et al., 2006) . Of these, agricultural production and postharvest handling and storage result in unintended losses and by-products whereas the other steps generally result in food waste. keywords: animal; consumption; et al; feed; food; materials; meal; meat; production; products; protein; united; use; value; waste cache: cord-266746-c0urbl6l.txt plain text: cord-266746-c0urbl6l.txt item: #67 of 136 id: cord-267188-1ldynibm author: Woldehanna, Sara title: An expanded One Health model: Integrating social science and One Health to inform study of the human-animal interface date: 2014-11-01 words: 8039 flesch: 40 summary: Finalizing locale-specific instruments is based on results of the formative research regarding the types, categorization, roles and uses of different animals in specific communities. Finally, exposure to feces used as fertilizer has been shown to vary by ethnic, gender and age groups; this may translate into different kinds of risks for different groups in contact with the same source of virus (feces) but from different animals (poultry and pigs vs. bats) and in different activities/locations (obtaining from around households vs. obtaining in caves vs. applying on fields). keywords: animals; exposure; factors; groups; hmong; human; hunting; lao; model; people; risk; study; tai; transmission cache: cord-267188-1ldynibm.txt plain text: cord-267188-1ldynibm.txt item: #68 of 136 id: cord-267671-ys43n672 author: Whary, Mark T. title: Biology and Diseases of Mice date: 2015-07-10 words: 63704 flesch: 37 summary: If an endogenous retrovirus is still infectious to other mouse cell targets, it is termed ecotropic, whereas if it is no longer infectious for mouse cells, but can infect cells of other species, it is termed xenotropic. Recombinant viruses have recently been discovered that can infect mouse cells and heterologous cells and are associated with spontaneous leukemia development in high leukemia strains such as AKR mice. keywords: acute; adult mice; age; animal; bacterial; blood; breeding; c mice; c57bl/6 mice; cause; cells; chronic; clinical; colonies; common; complications; control; days; detection; development; diagnosis; differential; difficile; disease; eggs; epithelium; epizootiology; et al; etiology; feces; female; fig; gene; genome; hair; helicobacter; hepaticus; high; host; humans; hyperplasia; immune; immunity; immunodeficient mice; infant mice; infection; inflammation; inoculation; intestine; laboratory mice; lesions; lines; liver; lymph; male; medicine; mhv; mice; mouse; mouse colonies; mouse strains; murine; necrosis; organisms; pathology; pcr; potential; prevention; primary; rats; research; responses; results; scid; signs; skin; species; specific; spleen; strains; studies; susceptibility; system; tissues; tract; transmission; treatment; tumors; type; virus; virus infection; viruses; weeks cache: cord-267671-ys43n672.txt plain text: cord-267671-ys43n672.txt item: #69 of 136 id: cord-268114-z5vcgqxd author: Larson, R.L. title: Epidemiology and disease control in everyday beef practice date: 2008-05-23 words: 1590 flesch: 34 summary: Infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, or parasites) alone are seldom able to cause disease in cattle without contributing factors from other infectious agents and/or the cattle's environment. Infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, or parasites) alone are seldom able to cause disease in cattle without contributing factors from other infectious agents and/or the cattle's environment. keywords: animal; disease; pathogen cache: cord-268114-z5vcgqxd.txt plain text: cord-268114-z5vcgqxd.txt item: #70 of 136 id: cord-268142-lmkfxme5 author: Schafrum Macedo, Aline title: Animal modeling in bone research—Should we follow the White Rabbit? date: 2019-09-26 words: 3709 flesch: 44 summary: Animal models have taught us much about bone disorders and have been central to developing many treatments throughout history. Animal models play a significant role in enhancing our understanding of emerging pathologies. keywords: animal; bone; laboratory; models; osteoporosis; potential; rabbit; research; studies; study; use; welfare cache: cord-268142-lmkfxme5.txt plain text: cord-268142-lmkfxme5.txt item: #71 of 136 id: cord-273284-1udq0roo author: Green, Jennah title: Risky Business: Live Non-CITES Wildlife UK Imports and the Potential for Infectious Diseases date: 2020-09-11 words: 7522 flesch: 41 summary: Yet, this particular trade ban did not extend to birds of captive bred origin [12] , which is demonstrated by the fact that UK import records report that at least 74,829 individual parrots were imported from 20 countries in the period 2014-2018. This study was further limited to UK import records provided by the APHA only and does not include a comparison with records held by exporting countries or the EU's TRACES online management tool. keywords: animals; data; disease; health; import; number; records; species; taxonomic; trade; wildlife cache: cord-273284-1udq0roo.txt plain text: cord-273284-1udq0roo.txt item: #72 of 136 id: cord-273993-rkqijcxn author: Menchaca, A. title: CRISPR in livestock: From editing to printing date: 2020-01-29 words: 6887 flesch: 38 summary: The increasing availability of CRISPR large animal models for human diseases and xenotransplantation will help to develop global therapies and personalized medicine to improve human health. Standard microinjection protocols originally developed to obtain genome-edited mice have been adapted to livestock zygotes, since CRISPR system can be easily injected into the dark cytoplasm of livestock species with no need to visualize the pronucleus. keywords: animals; cas9; crispr; dna; editing; embryos; gene; generation; genome; livestock; microinjection; pigs; production; sheep; species; system cache: cord-273993-rkqijcxn.txt plain text: cord-273993-rkqijcxn.txt item: #73 of 136 id: cord-274052-rjud75iz author: Horzinek, Marian C. title: Vaccine use and disease prevalence in dogs and cats date: 2006-10-05 words: 4012 flesch: 50 summary: The profession should issue regular updates of the ‘code of vaccination practice’. The profession should issue regular updates of the 'code of vaccination practice'. keywords: canine; client; distemper; dogs; immune; immunity; interview; profession; vaccination cache: cord-274052-rjud75iz.txt plain text: cord-274052-rjud75iz.txt item: #74 of 136 id: cord-275171-uokqn2u8 author: Zhang, Li title: Wildlife trade, consumption and conservation awareness in southwest China date: 2008-03-21 words: 10002 flesch: 45 summary: In the analysis of different groups' attitudes towards wild animal consumption, we find that a high percentage of those who have never consumed wild animals hold the 'utilization value theory,' and the percentage of those holding 'vague cognition' is even higher among those who have never consumed wild animals than among wild animal consumers. As a result, wild animal trade has expanded quickly, and illegal wild animal trafficking has increased sharply. keywords: animals; border; china; chinese; consumers; consumption; groups; people; percentage; protection; residents; respondents; species; survey; trade; wild; wildlife cache: cord-275171-uokqn2u8.txt plain text: cord-275171-uokqn2u8.txt item: #75 of 136 id: cord-275465-vzw509cl author: Ferella, Alejandra title: Dinámica de anticuerpos neutralizantes contra el virus respiratorio sincicial bovino date: 2020-05-11 words: 3263 flesch: 47 summary: Reduced likelihood of bovine coronavirus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection on organic compared to conventional dairy farms Phylogenetic analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial viruses from recent outbreaks in feedlot and dairy cattle herds Duration of immunity to experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus following intranasal vaccination of young passively immune calves Bovine respiratory syncytial virus seroprevalence and risk factors in feedlot cattle from Córdoba Detection of antibodies against bovine herpes virus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in early and ultra-early weaned beef calves Dynamics of virus infections involved in the bovine respiratory disease complex in Swedish dairy herds Seroprevalencia de la Diarrea Viral Bovina , Herpesvirus Bovino y Virus Sincicial Respiratorio en Argentina A longitudinal study of the dynamics of bovine corona virus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in dairy herds Seroprevalence and risk factor associated with respiratory viral pathogens in dual-purpose cattle of Rio de Oro, and La Gloria municipalities in Cesar department Reliable confirmation of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using BRSV nucleocapsid protein expressed in insect cells Bovine respiratory complex: Evidence of multiple viral circulation in a breeding farm Serological detection of infection dynamics for respiratory viruses among dairy calves Antibody dynamics in BRSV-infected Danish dairy herds as determined by isotypespecific immunoglobulins Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection Several studies have demonstrated the circulation of BRSV in cattle from different regions of the world; however, little is known about the dynamics of BRSV infection in cows before and after they begin lactation. keywords: age; animals; antibodies; bovine; brsv; dairy; infection; months; virus cache: cord-275465-vzw509cl.txt plain text: cord-275465-vzw509cl.txt item: #76 of 136 id: cord-275959-mat7ul7c author: Johnson, Kristen A title: The future of animal science departments date: 2020-07-23 words: 741 flesch: 45 summary: The principles described in this article provide a process for accreditation of animal science programs. Animal science research and teaching is also becoming enriched by public-private partnerships in China. keywords: animal; future; science cache: cord-275959-mat7ul7c.txt plain text: cord-275959-mat7ul7c.txt item: #77 of 136 id: cord-277265-p8pns7r9 author: Malik, Yashpal Singh title: Biotechnological innovations in farm and pet animal disease diagnosis date: 2019-09-20 words: 7289 flesch: 29 summary: Although, yet not been adopted for animal disease diagnosis, but novel platforms such as smartphonebased diagnosis (which expands nucleic acid-based detection assays toward POCD) like RT-LAMP and fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (already developed for Zika virus and Dengue virus) provide exciting opportunities for veterinary diagnostics in the near future (Rong et al., 2019) . The real-time PCR (qPCR) is a well-established tool with high sensitivity of pathogens detection and recently, qPCR has been transitioned into POCD platform. keywords: acid; amplification; animal; assays; detection; diagnosis; diseases; dna; elisa; et al; isothermal; methods; nucleic; pathogens; pcr; techniques; time; virus cache: cord-277265-p8pns7r9.txt plain text: cord-277265-p8pns7r9.txt item: #78 of 136 id: cord-277573-g3z3gq1m author: Buffenstein, Rochelle title: Naked Mole Rat date: 2011-12-16 words: 13804 flesch: 46 summary: Lack of sexual dimorphism in femora of the eusocial and hypogonadic naked mole rat: a novel animal model for the study of delayed puberty on the skeletal system Entozoa and endophyta of the naked mole rat Fermentation of polysaccharides and absorption of short chain fatty acids in the mammalian hindgut DNA 'fingerprinting' reveals high levels of inbreeding in colonies of the eusocial naked mole rat Circadian rhythms locomotor activity in naked mole rats (Heterocephalus glaber) Circadian rhythms of body temperature and metabolic rate in naked mole rats Distribution of vasopressin the brain of the eusocial naked mole rat Distribution of oxytocin in the brain of a eusocial rodent Viral epizootic reveals inbreeding depression in a habitually inbreeding mammal Comparative analysis of different puberty inhibiting mechanisms of two GnRH agonists and the GnRH antagonist cetrorelix using a female rat model Social structure predicts genital morphology in African mole rats Naked mole rats Litter sizes and mammary numbers of naked mole rats: breaking the one-half rule Is vitamin D 3 essential for mineral metabolism in the damara mole rat (Cryptomys damarensis)? Few pathogens have been reported in naked mole rats, which is noteworthy considering the preponderance of naked mole rat colonies in zoos and conventional institutional rodent facilities. keywords: aging; animals; behavior; body; breeding; burrow; cells; colonies; colony; et al; female; food; glaber; hairs; heterocephalus; jarvis; levels; males; mammals; mole; mole rats; non; rodents; species; system cache: cord-277573-g3z3gq1m.txt plain text: cord-277573-g3z3gq1m.txt item: #79 of 136 id: cord-278195-1sle0d1j author: Castillo-Huitrón, Nathalia M. title: The Importance of Human Emotions for Wildlife Conservation date: 2020-06-24 words: 8076 flesch: 32 summary: The nature of emotions human emotions have deep evolutionary roots, a fact that may explain their complexity and provide tools for clinical practice Scary and nasty beasts: self-reported fear and disgust of common phobic animals Which emotions are basic? Venom in animal species is one of the most remarkable features triggering fear across cultural groups. keywords: anger; animals; attitudes; case; children; conservation; disgust; emotions; et al; fear; groups; happiness; humans; knowledge; people; prokop; snakes; species; wildlife cache: cord-278195-1sle0d1j.txt plain text: cord-278195-1sle0d1j.txt item: #80 of 136 id: cord-279146-8d3dym7g author: Bowlin, Melissa S. title: Grand Challenges in Migration Biology date: 2010-04-21 words: 11640 flesch: 28 summary: A similar, climate-driven disruption of the timing of caterpillar emergence and bird migration may threaten migratory songbirds in North America (Strode 2003) . Organisms that use the aerosphere are also influenced by an increasing number of anthropogenic factors, such as communication towers and wind turbines, that now dot the Earth's landscape (Desholm et al. 2006; Model predictions An estimation of historic and current levels of salmon production in the northeast Pacific ecosystem: evidence of a nutrient deficit in the freshwater systems of the Pacific Northwest Context-dependent flight speed: evidence for energetically optimal flight speed in the bat Pipistrellus kuhlii A field validation of plasma metabolite profiling to assess refueling performance of migratory birds A sport physiological perspective on bird migration: evidence for flightinduced muscle damage Reactivation of Borrelia infection in birds Circannual rhythms in birds: their interaction with circadian rhythms and environmental photoperiod Adaptive specialization, conditional plasticity and phylogenetic history in the reproductive cue response system of birds Long flights do not influence immune responses of a long-distance migrant bird: a wind-tunnel experiment Scaling migration speed in animals that run, swim and fly Adaptations to migration in birds: behavioural strategies, morphology and scaling effects Skylark optimal flight speeds for flying nowhere and somewhere Optimal flight speed of birds How fast can birds migrate? keywords: animals; bats; biology; birds; conditions; distance; ecology; effects; et al; example; field; flight; fuel; migrants; migration; migratory; models; population; research; species; studies; study; understanding; use; wind cache: cord-279146-8d3dym7g.txt plain text: cord-279146-8d3dym7g.txt item: #81 of 136 id: cord-280427-smqc23vr author: Singla, Rubal title: Human animal interface of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) transmission: a critical appraisal of scientific evidence date: 2020-09-14 words: 7198 flesch: 52 summary: Various cases of human to animal transmission have also come up indicating the risk of the virus to domestic animals or pets (Oreshkova et al. 2020) . With the increasing reports of transmission of COVID-19 from infected humans to pets (like cats and dogs) and tigers and lions, there is an urgent need for public health officials to identify and investigate the possibility of virus transmission from pets to humans. keywords: animals; cats; cov-2; covid-19; et al; ferrets; humans; pets; rna; sars; transmission; virus cache: cord-280427-smqc23vr.txt plain text: cord-280427-smqc23vr.txt item: #82 of 136 id: cord-281512-79g22dk6 author: Aguirre, A. Alonso title: Illicit Wildlife Trade, Wet Markets, and COVID‐19: Preventing Future Pandemics date: 2020-07-05 words: 3830 flesch: 49 summary: Although there are crucial differences between cigarettes and meats from animal markets in terms of addiction and their places in different cultures, the concept may have applicability in convincing people not to buy food from wild animal markets. Live animal markets create the perfect conditions for novel viruses such as COVID‐19 to emerge. keywords: animals; bats; diseases; health; humans; markets; trade; wildlife cache: cord-281512-79g22dk6.txt plain text: cord-281512-79g22dk6.txt item: #83 of 136 id: cord-281819-2roflnan author: Neethirajan, Suresh title: Transforming the Adaptation Physiology of Farm Animals through Sensors date: 2020-08-26 words: 11375 flesch: 31 summary: Keywords used were, animal sensors; livestock wearables; animal physiology and sensors; farm animal sensing technology; facial recognition and animals; precision livestock farming and sensors; adaptation physiology measurement. This paper critically reviews the sensing technology and sensor data-based models used to explore biological systems such as animal behavior, energy metabolism, epidemiology, immunity, health, and animal reproduction. keywords: animals; behavior; body; cattle; changes; cows; dairy; data; detection; farm; livestock; measurement; monitoring; non; rate; sensing; sensors; stress; technologies; temperature; time; use; welfare cache: cord-281819-2roflnan.txt plain text: cord-281819-2roflnan.txt item: #84 of 136 id: cord-281874-dxbvfwqu author: McFarland, Richard title: Non-animal replacement methods for human vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions date: 2011-12-31 words: 6938 flesch: 28 summary: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Introduction and summary of the international workshop on alternative methods to reduce, refine, and replace the use of animals in vaccine potency and safety testing: state of the science and future directions Non-animal replacement methods for human vaccine potency testing: state-of-the-science and future directions Non-animal replacement methods for veterinary vaccine potency testing: state-of-the-science and future directions Improving animal welfare and reducing and refining animal use for human vaccine potency testing: state-of-the-science and future directions Improving animal welfare and reducing animal use for veterinary vaccine potency testing: state-of-the-science and future directions Alternative methods and strategies to reduce, refine, and replace animal use for human vaccine post-licensing safety testing: state of the science and future directions Alternative methods and strategies to reduce, refine, and replace animal use for veterinary vaccine post-licensing safety testing: state of the science and future directions Veterinary vaccines and their importance to animal health and public health Human vaccines and their importance to public health FDA Requirements for human vaccine safety and potency testing USDA requirements for veterinary vaccine safety and potency testing Health Canada's human vaccine lot release program: impact on the 3Rs European regulatory requirements for veterinary vaccine safety and potency testing and recent progress toward reducing animal use Strategic approaches for developing alternative tests for safety and potency of vaccines International Regulatory Requirements for Vaccine Safety and Potency Testing: At the present time, these methods represent the most promising in vitro approaches for the replacement of animals used in vaccine potency testing. keywords: alternative; animal; assay; human; methods; potency; products; requirements; safety; testing; use; vaccines cache: cord-281874-dxbvfwqu.txt plain text: cord-281874-dxbvfwqu.txt item: #85 of 136 id: cord-281979-ab1hel2r author: LI, Xiao Yan title: The Main Biological Hazards in Animal Biosafety Level 2 Facilities and Strategies for Control date: 2016-04-30 words: 3026 flesch: 35 summary: Architectural and technical code for biosafety laboratories Biological safety and protection in animal experiments Agriculture Science and technology Press Control strategies for aeroallergens in an animal facility ELISA method for measurement of airborne levels of major laboratory animal allergens The effectiveness of the duo-flo bioclean unit for controlling airborne antigen levels Laboratory animal allergy: the measurement of airborn urinary allergens and effects of different encironmental of airborn urinary allergens and effects of different encironmental conditions The effect of relative humidity on mouse allergen levels in an environmentally-controlled mouse room ELISA method for measurement of airborne levels of major laboratory animal allergens Reduction of airborne allergenic urinary proteins from laboratory rats Immunochemical measurement of airborne mouse allergens in a laboratory animal facility Airborne allergens associated with asthma : particle sizes carrying dust mite and rat allergens measured with a cascade impactor Task-related variation in airborne concentration of laboratory animal allergens: studies with Rat n I Bio-aerosols in indoor environment: Composition, health effects and analysis Indoor Air Quality: Solutions and Strategies Bio-aerosol concentrations in the quad cities 1 year after the 1993 Mississippi river floods Human Brucella canis Infection and Subsequent Laboratory Exposures Associated with a Puppy Laboratory-associated infections: incidence, fatalities, causes, and prevention Control of laboratory airborne infection Past and present hazards of working with infectious agents Viral infections in workers in hospital and research laboratory settings: a comparative review of infection modes and respective biosafety aspects Contamination of microbiological aerosol generated by pathogenic microbiological labs Chinese national standards. environment and facilities for laboratory animals Designing and construction of infectious animal testing facilities Potential environmental influnce of biosafety level three laboratory and its protective countermeasures Incineration of healthcare wastes: management of atmospheric emissions through waste segregation Institutional Responsibilities in Contamination Control for Reasearch Animals and In Occupational Health and Safety for Animal Handlers Biomedical and Environmental Sciences DOI: 10.3967/bes2016.039 sha: doc_id: 281979 cord_uid: ab1hel2r Concern about the biological hazards involved in microbiological research, especially research involving laboratory animals, has increased in recent years. keywords: aerosols; animals; biosafety; control; facilities; hazards; infections; laboratory cache: cord-281979-ab1hel2r.txt plain text: cord-281979-ab1hel2r.txt item: #86 of 136 id: cord-282101-2usqpy2j author: Hassan, Atef A. title: Nanomaterials and nanocomposite applications in veterinary medicine date: 2020-05-01 words: 17183 flesch: 17 summary: Therefore, the measurement of effective nontoxic doses of metal nanoparticles in laboratory animal models must be undertaken to study the suitability of their field application (Abd El-Fatah et al., 2017; Asharani et al., 2008; Hassan et al., 2017; Shaw et al., 2008) . The antifungal potential of chitosan and CS NPs against Fusarium graminearum colonies was evaluated, may be used as a novel nano-biopesticides (Kheiri et al., 2016) and a growth inhibitor for Rhizopus sp. keywords: ability; activity; addition; agents; animal; antibacterial; applications; cancer; carbon; cells; chitosan; delivery; detection; diagnosis; disease; drug; effects; et al; fluorescent; food; growth; hassan et; health; human; imaging; metal; mice; nanomaterials; nanoparticles; nanotechnology; nps; oxide; potential; production; silica; silver; studies; synthesis; therapy; toxicity; treatment; zinc cache: cord-282101-2usqpy2j.txt plain text: cord-282101-2usqpy2j.txt item: #87 of 136 id: cord-285628-36gyix12 author: Stull, Jason W. title: Hospital-Associated Infections in Small Animal Practice date: 2015-03-31 words: 6764 flesch: 22 summary: 50, 51 Other genera in the Enterobacteriaceae family (ie, Klebsiella, Enterobacter) are considered to be important in human HAIs; however, less is known of their involvement in veterinary infections. Unfortunately, studies on the area indicate only a minority of small animal veterinary hospitals have written infection-control plans (0%-31%). keywords: animal; care; control; dogs; hais; hospital; infection; medicine; pathogens; patients; resistance; risk; veterinary cache: cord-285628-36gyix12.txt plain text: cord-285628-36gyix12.txt item: #88 of 136 id: cord-285933-zcz7zte6 author: Rethorst, David N. title: Animal Health Equipment Management date: 2015-07-31 words: 3670 flesch: 58 summary: The best method for disposal of used needles is the collection of needles in a biohazard sharps container, which should be disposed of by a biomedical disposal company. Used needles should never be disposed of individually in Select the needle to fit the cattle size (the smallest practical size without bending). keywords: animal; cattle; equipment; needles; refrigerators; syringes; water cache: cord-285933-zcz7zte6.txt plain text: cord-285933-zcz7zte6.txt item: #89 of 136 id: cord-286050-l7868xqi author: Holloway, Lewis title: COVID-19 and a shifted perspective on infectious farm animal disease research date: 2020-05-12 words: 987 flesch: 28 summary: Discussion of biosecurity (e.g. Hinchliffe et al. 2016) has described three overlapping ways of attempting to make life safe, and although these were originally conceived in relation to protecting of human life, they, and the concept of biosecurity, have more recently tended to be associated with attempts to secure animal life. In lockdown, too, addressing viral diseases in animals may be even harder as animal biosecurity and care become more challenging because of attempts to manage human biosecurity, let alone due to human illness affecting farm work. keywords: animal; biosecurity; research cache: cord-286050-l7868xqi.txt plain text: cord-286050-l7868xqi.txt item: #90 of 136 id: cord-287839-cslrz4yp author: Ehnert, Karen title: Border Health: Who's Guarding the Gate? date: 2009-01-28 words: 5349 flesch: 53 summary: Many imported dogs never are confined properly or inspected for infectious diseases, and many diseases may not be detected readily in imported dogs. Additionally, CBP has the authority to levy a fee on imported animals or products for commercial use, in accordance with the tariff codes. keywords: animal; disease; dogs; health; importation; puppies; puppy; rabies; risk; states; trade; united cache: cord-287839-cslrz4yp.txt plain text: cord-287839-cslrz4yp.txt item: #91 of 136 id: cord-289605-gvc673ij author: Klaunberg, Brenda A. title: Considerations for Setting up a Small-Animal Imaging Facility date: 2004 words: 5512 flesch: 48 summary: Challenges in small animal noninvasive imaging Reproductive and teratologic effects of electromagnetic fields MR microscopy and high resolution small animal MRI: applications in neuroscience research Imaging transgenic animals In vivo imaging of gene and cell therapies Electron paramagnetic resonance for small animal imaging applications Molecular imaging in small animals-roles for micro-CT The use of microcomputed tomography to study microvasculature in small rodents A review of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography and other imaging modalities for small animal research High resolution X-ray computed tomography: an emerging tool for small animal cancer research Advances in in vivo bioluminescence imaging of gene expression Advances in ultrasound biomicroscopy Noninvasive cardiovascular phenotyping in mice Molecular imaging of small animals with dedicated PET tomographs High resolution SPECT in small animal research Radio-imaging in small animals The authors would like to thank Stasia Anderson of Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, NIH, for providing an MR image, Dan Schimel of the NIH Mouse Imaging Facility for providing a CT image, Cecilia Lo of the Laboratory of Developmental Biology, NHLBI, NIH, for providing an ultrasound image, TakashiMurakami and Sam Hwang of the Dermatology Branch, NCI, NIH, for providing a luciferase image, Michael Green and the Imaging Physics Laboratory, NIH, for providing a PET image, and Afonso Silva of the Laboratory for Functional and Molecular Imaging, NINDS, NIH, for providing images for this paper. Ideally, housing for imaging animals should be on site and accessible. keywords: animal; data; equipment; facility; field; image; imaging; mif; mri; personnel; staff; time cache: cord-289605-gvc673ij.txt plain text: cord-289605-gvc673ij.txt item: #92 of 136 id: cord-292742-mio4przi author: McAloose, Denise title: From People to Panthera: Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Tigers and Lions at the Bronx Zoo date: 2020-10-13 words: 6384 flesch: 38 summary: Among these, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and ebolaviruses have killed thousands; the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has killed millions. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) before it raise awareness and concerns about zoonotic (animal-tohuman) diseases and cross-species transmission of coronaviruses (8) (9) (10) (11) . keywords: animals; cov-2; data; genome; human; infection; keepers; lions; pcr; positive; samples; sars; sequences; sequencing; tiger; transmission; virus cache: cord-292742-mio4przi.txt plain text: cord-292742-mio4przi.txt item: #93 of 136 id: cord-293079-z7dx6ey9 author: Schaefer, A. L. title: The non-invasive and automated detection of bovine respiratory disease onset in receiver calves using infrared thermography date: 2012-10-31 words: 5582 flesch: 41 summary: Detecção rápida do coronavírus bovino (BCoV) por meio de uma semi-nested RT-PCR Etiology of respiratory disease in non-vaccinated, non-medicated calves in rearing herds Automatic monitoring of watering behaviour in feedlot steers: potential use in early detection of respiratory disease and in predicting growth performance Veterinary Medicine Transportation of young beef bulls alters circulating physiological parameters that may be effective biomarkers of stress Evaluation of breath biomarkers and serum haptoglobin concentration for diagnosis of bovine respiratory disease in heifers newly arrived at a feedlot Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals Dexamethasone reduces transport-induced weight losses in beef calves The medicine and epidemiology of bovine respiratory disease complex in feedlot Respiratory disease associated with bovine coronavirus infection in cattle herds in Southern Italy Board-invited review: recent advances in management of highly stressed, newly received feedlot cattle Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus Cough sound description in relation to respiratory diseases in dairy calves Bovine respiratory disease research A nation-wide epidemiological study of acute bovine respiratory disease in France Bovine pasteurellosis and other bacterial infections of the respiratory tract Serial evaluation of physiologic, pathological, and behavioral changes related to disease progression of experimentally induced Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia in postweaned calves Multiplex real-time RT-PCR detection of three viruses associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex Dissertationm, Department of Production Animal Medicine Acute phase proteins assessment for an early selection of treatments in growing calves suffering from bronchopneumonia under field conditions Experimental infectious respiratory disease in groups of calves: lobular distribution, variance, and sample size requirements for vaccine evaluation Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals The Fire of Life The effects of fasting and transportation on beef cattle: 1. acid-base-electrolyte balance and infrared heat loss of beef cattle The early detection of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) with infrared (IRT) and treatment with nitric oxide Infrared detection and nitric oxide treatment of bovine respiratory disease Early detection and prediction of infection using infrared thermography The use of infrared thermography as an early indicator of bovine respiratory disease complex in calves Early disease detection: Implications for industry efficiency, food quality and safety The use of infrared thermography in the non-invasive, automated detection of calves displaying bovine respiratory disease Orbital Infrared as an Early Indicator of Bovine Respiratory Disease in Sero-negative Cattle Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: Environmental, genetic, and economic factors Infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool to study animal welfare Non-invasive measurement of stress in dairy cows using infrared thermography Eye temperature and heart rate variability of calves disbudded with or without local anesthetic Effects of local anesthetic and a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drup on pain responses of dairy calves to hot iron dehorning Effects of an epinephrine infusion on eye temperature and heart rate variability in bull calves White blood cell metabolism and Neutropenia and qualitative disorders of neutrophiles The epidemiology of bovine respiratory disease: What is the evidence for predisposing factors? keywords: animals; bovine; brd; calves; cattle; data; disease; et al; infrared; study; values cache: cord-293079-z7dx6ey9.txt plain text: cord-293079-z7dx6ey9.txt item: #94 of 136 id: cord-293151-g3758oes author: Nemzek, Jean A. title: Biology and Diseases of Dogs date: 2015-07-10 words: 30311 flesch: 42 summary: Dogs have well developed olfactory glands, vision, and auditory and tactile senses that allow them to gain environmental cues and information from other dogs and humans (Field and Jackson, 2006; Joint Working Group on Refinement, 2004) . For example, from 3 to 8 weeks of age, puppies are most capable of learning about how to interact with other dogs. keywords: addition; age; animal; area; beagles; bitch; blood; body; canine; cases; catheter; cause; cell; chronic; complications; condition; control; days; diagnosis; disease; dogs; et al; etiology; ferguson; gland; helicobacter; hypothyroidism; infection; laboratory; lesions; lymphoma; mast; months; obesity; prevention; research; result; signs; skin; spp; stage; studies; study; systemic; therapy; time; tissue; transmission; treatment; tumors; use; weeks; weight; wound cache: cord-293151-g3758oes.txt plain text: cord-293151-g3758oes.txt item: #95 of 136 id: cord-294312-ju6vuywm author: Rohde, Rodney E. title: Common Myths and Legends of Rabies date: 2019-04-19 words: 4491 flesch: 56 summary: Which type of animals are often more at risk for contracting rabies virus, otherwise known as highrisk animals? Rabies virus is by far the most common lyssavirus infection of humans. keywords: animal; bite; disease; human; rabies; signs; treatment; virus; world; wound cache: cord-294312-ju6vuywm.txt plain text: cord-294312-ju6vuywm.txt item: #96 of 136 id: cord-294478-3ickafd3 author: Kapil, Sanjay title: Diagnostic Investigation of Emerging Viruses of Companion Animals date: 2008-05-22 words: 7330 flesch: 35 summary: Now, these molecular techniques, which are becoming mainstream applications in routine viral diagnoses, are proving their merit in facilitating the diagnosis of emerging animal viruses. Veterinarians are bound to encounter emerging viruses in their practice. keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; clinical; diagnosis; diseases; dogs; health; laboratory; new; test; testing; veterinary; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-294478-3ickafd3.txt plain text: cord-294478-3ickafd3.txt item: #97 of 136 id: cord-294956-9o3utlfx author: Gray, Carol title: Legal and Ethical Aspects of ‘Best Interests’ Decision-Making for Medical Treatment of Companion Animals in the UK date: 2020-06-09 words: 7374 flesch: 38 summary: Moreover, the calculation of best interests for animal patients is heavily reliant on the human interpretation of animal preferences and values, and the willingness and ability of the human carer to pay for any required treatment. In suggesting that the owner may be best placed to report on the animal's personality and preferences, we are highlighting that, in a similar role to those with parental responsibility, animal owners have caring responsibilities that give them unique insight to the animal's world. keywords: animal; child; children; decision; interests; making; owner; patient; treatment; welfare cache: cord-294956-9o3utlfx.txt plain text: cord-294956-9o3utlfx.txt item: #98 of 136 id: cord-298052-mbg6e2j1 author: Hardstaff, Jo L title: Livestock trade networks for guiding animal health surveillance date: 2015-04-01 words: 6510 flesch: 46 summary: Animal trade is an effective way of introducing, maintaining and spreading animal diseases, as observed with the spread of different strains of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Africa, the Middle-East and Asia [1] and the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), for example into Oman and Canada through the importation of infected cattle [2, 3] . Creating networks has enabled us to visualise the countries that have a higher level of involvement in animal trade. keywords: animals; breeding; cattle; countries; disease; livestock; movement; networks; poultry; species; spread; surveillance; trade cache: cord-298052-mbg6e2j1.txt plain text: cord-298052-mbg6e2j1.txt item: #99 of 136 id: cord-299315-s43gw24k author: Capps, Benjamin title: One Health, Vaccines and Ebola: The Opportunities for Shared Benefits date: 2015-09-16 words: 10084 flesch: 43 summary: We argue that, along with efforts to test Ebola vaccines in humans, existing vaccines that have been proven safe and efficacious in primates should already be deployed in order to protect both species. Currently, several types of Ebola vaccines have been proven effective and safe in primates, but none has been approved in humans yet (see below). keywords: animals; approach; benefit; ebola; et al; health; human; immunity; populations; primates; research; risk; species; trials; vaccine; virus cache: cord-299315-s43gw24k.txt plain text: cord-299315-s43gw24k.txt item: #100 of 136 id: cord-299539-f7i4lq2w author: Bachofen, Claudia title: Clinical appearance and pathology of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus of different genetic subgroups date: 2010-03-24 words: 6541 flesch: 43 summary: In summary, our study showed that, in an endemic situation, clinical cases of BVDV PI animals fall roughly in two distinct categories, with lung-centred pathology occurring mainly in young animals and mucosal pathology mainly in older animals. To compare the mucosal alterations between different PI animals, we used a standardised mucosal (mc) index calculated for each animal. keywords: animals; bovine; bvdv; cases; group; infection; mucosal; subgroups; virus cache: cord-299539-f7i4lq2w.txt plain text: cord-299539-f7i4lq2w.txt item: #101 of 136 id: cord-302222-9ad0fw6z author: Monath, Thomas P. title: Vaccines against diseases transmitted from animals to humans: A one health paradigm date: 2013-11-04 words: 15731 flesch: 35 summary: The complexity, timeline, and cost of development of animal vaccines and the regulatory hurdles for product approval are far less than for human vaccines. As mentioned above, the regulatory pathway for animal vaccines is considerably simpler than for human vaccines [201] . keywords: animals; control; development; disease; encephalitis; equine; fever; health; horses; human; immunization; infection; live; livestock; lyme; nile; oral; rabies; rift; transmission; use; vaccination; vaccine; valley; valley fever; veterinary; virus; west; wild; zoonotic cache: cord-302222-9ad0fw6z.txt plain text: cord-302222-9ad0fw6z.txt item: #102 of 136 id: cord-305175-1wg0wodr author: Dolzhikova, I. V. title: Preclinical Studies of Immunogenity, Protectivity, and Safety of the Combined Vector Vaccine for Prevention of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome date: 2020 words: 4501 flesch: 42 summary: To date, several candidate vaccine preparations based on a protective antigen, MERS-CoV S glycoprotein and its derivatives (S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain), are known: vector vaccines (based on recombinant adenoviruses and vaccinia virus), a DNA vaccine based on plasmid DNA, as well as vaccines based on recombinant proteins and virus-like particles [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] Since the formation of a humoral and cellular immune response is important to protect against MERS-CoV, the use of recombinant viral vectors for antigen delivery seems promising for the development of anti-MERS vaccines. keywords: animals; cov; glycoprotein; immune; immunization; mers; mice; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-305175-1wg0wodr.txt plain text: cord-305175-1wg0wodr.txt item: #103 of 136 id: cord-305501-srq1bo2v author: Fèvre, Eric M. title: Animal movements and the spread of infectious diseases date: 2006-02-07 words: 4941 flesch: 40 summary: [62] , and similar data could be crucial to understand animal disease risks. Detailed guidelines have also been developed by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) to minimize disease risks associated with the intentional movement of wildlife for conservation or game management purposes: for example, the supplementation of populations, reintroduction of endangered species, removal of problem animals and the release of confiscated animals [4] ( Table 1) . keywords: animal; control; disease; health; leishmaniasis; livestock; movements; risks; species; spread; trade; wildlife cache: cord-305501-srq1bo2v.txt plain text: cord-305501-srq1bo2v.txt item: #104 of 136 id: cord-307067-cpc1yefj author: van Doremalen, Neeltje title: A single dose of ChAdOx1 MERS provides protective immunity in rhesus macaques date: 2020-06-10 words: 6256 flesch: 45 summary: To investigate whether vaccination with ChAdOx1 MERS vaccination provides protection against a variety of different MERS-CoV strains, we vaccinated BALB/c mice transgenic for hDPP4 with ChAdOx1 MERS or ChAdOx1 GFP 28 days before challenge with 10 4 TCID 50 of one of six diverse MERS-CoV strains ( fig. In the current manuscript, we show that a single dose of ChAdOx1 MERS vaccine protects rhesus macaque model against a mucosal challenge with HCoV-EMC/2012. keywords: animals; boost; chadox1; cov; dpi; fig; gfp; group; lung; mers; middle; prime; tissue; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-307067-cpc1yefj.txt plain text: cord-307067-cpc1yefj.txt item: #105 of 136 id: cord-309247-5arpo7gn author: Manskikh, V. N. title: Spontaneous and experimentally induced pathologies in the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) date: 2017-12-15 words: 6434 flesch: 41 summary: In this connection, it seems interesting to mention here that infecting (by scarification of the extremity skin) with recombinant herpes simplex first type virus apathogenic for mice caused 100% death of naked mole rats [9] . [11] found six cases of bilateral pneumonia in 25 spontaneously deceased animals in a colony of naked mole rats in their laboratory. keywords: animals; cells; changes; data; females; incidence; laboratory; lesions; males; mole; mole rat; rats; resistance; tumors cache: cord-309247-5arpo7gn.txt plain text: cord-309247-5arpo7gn.txt item: #106 of 136 id: cord-311260-eyvaazfj author: Rao, Ghanta N. title: Refinement of long-term toxicity and carcinogenesis studies() date: 2004-09-27 words: 4476 flesch: 38 summary: Duration of chemical carcinogenesis studies in rodents usually covers a major portion of the life span. The median life span (50% survival) of rodent species and strains used for chemical carcinogenesis studies is 20 to 30 months and, therefore, studies lasting 2 1 to 27 months will cover 60-80% of the life span, assuming 90% mortality is close to the life span. keywords: animals; carcinogenesis; chemicals; lesions; mice; months; rats; studies cache: cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt plain text: cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt item: #107 of 136 id: cord-312807-8v4r9jij author: Recht, Judith title: Host Diversity and Origin of Zoonoses: The Ancient and the New date: 2020-09-17 words: 5844 flesch: 34 summary: There is a considerable impact of these diseases on the economy and health at local and global levels, including zoonotic diseases caused by the ingestion of food and products derived from animals. Paleopathology studies of ancient human bone lesions, in combination with ancient DNA analysis of the causative pathogen, have contributed to our understanding of the origin of zoonotic diseases, including brucellosis and mycobacterial zoonoses. keywords: animals; brucellosis; cases; diseases; hosts; human; infection; new; origin; species; tuberculosis; zoonoses; zoonotic cache: cord-312807-8v4r9jij.txt plain text: cord-312807-8v4r9jij.txt item: #108 of 136 id: cord-313072-8ndt7a2g author: Gazda, Lawrence S. title: A comprehensive microbiological safety approach for agarose encapsulated porcine islets intended for clinical trials date: 2016-11-11 words: 5017 flesch: 32 summary: First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes-executive summary First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes -chapter 1: update on national regulatory frameworks pertinent to clinical islet xenotransplantation First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes -chapter 2a: source pigs-preventing xenozoonoses First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes. Chapter 3: porcine islet product manufacturing and release testing criteria First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes. keywords: animals; cells; diabetes; donor; human; islet; macrobeads; porcine; products; safety; transmission; trials; type; xenotransplantation cache: cord-313072-8ndt7a2g.txt plain text: cord-313072-8ndt7a2g.txt item: #109 of 136 id: cord-315293-kng4z4kf author: Quesenberry, Katherine E. title: Basic Approach to Veterinary Care of Ferrets date: 2020-05-29 words: 9070 flesch: 47 summary: key: cord-315293-kng4z4kf authors: Quesenberry, Katherine E.; de Matos, Ricardo title: Basic Approach to Veterinary Care of Ferrets date: 2020-05-29 journal: Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-48435-0.00002-2 sha: doc_id: 315293 cord_uid: kng4z4kf The approach to preventive medicine and basic veterinary care in ferrets is very similar to that used in dogs and cats. National association of state public health veterinarians Acetaminophen UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in ferrets: species and gender differences, and sequence analysis of ferret UGT1A6 Rabbit and ferret hemostasis First survey of endoparasites in pet ferrets in Italy Epidural anesthesia and analgesia in ferrets Urine specific gravity values in clinically healthy young pet ferrets (Mustelo furo) keywords: animals; blood; body; canine; catheter; cats; chapter; disease; distemper; ferrets; needle; pet; pressure; rabies; technique; use; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt plain text: cord-315293-kng4z4kf.txt item: #110 of 136 id: cord-315362-u9slrjmk author: Jiménez, Ma Ángeles title: Membranous glomerulonephritis in the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) date: 2008-01-15 words: 5146 flesch: 39 summary: Urinalyses from records were available for 9 of the necropsied animals and blood and urine samples from 23 free ranging and captive Iberian lynxes were prospectively obtained in order to evaluate the renal function of the living population. A prospective study of 23 free ranging and captive Iberian lynxes was carried out (Table 1 ). keywords: animals; disease; electron; glomerulonephritis; iberian; igg; immune; kidney; lynx cache: cord-315362-u9slrjmk.txt plain text: cord-315362-u9slrjmk.txt item: #111 of 136 id: cord-318061-xe8lljz0 author: Overgaauw, Paul A.M. title: A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date: 2020-05-27 words: 14063 flesch: 45 summary: Of course, in the field there is animal abuse, negative animal welfare conditions, and animal diseases. The One Health initiative or concept is a worldwide strategy that recognizes that public health is connected with animal health and the environment. keywords: animals; behavior; cats; children; companion; companion animals; contact; disease; dogs; food; health; human; infection; life; owners; ownership; pathogens; people; pet; pets; problems; public; review; risk; spp; transmission; welfare; zoonotic cache: cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt plain text: cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt item: #112 of 136 id: cord-318407-uy0f7f2o author: Nara, Peter L. title: Perspectives on advancing preventative medicine through vaccinology at the comparative veterinary, human and conservation medicine interface: Not missing the opportunities date: 2008-11-18 words: 12532 flesch: 37 summary: In addition vaccination along with other animal production changes has provided the ability to produce otherwise unaffordable animal protein and animal health worldwide. In addition vaccination along with other animal production changes has provided the ability to produce otherwise unaffordable animal protein and animal health worldwide. keywords: animal; animal diseases; animal health; care; costs; countries; diseases; food; global; health; human; impact; medical; medicine; national; prevention; public; research; services; vaccination; veterinarians; veterinary; world; years cache: cord-318407-uy0f7f2o.txt plain text: cord-318407-uy0f7f2o.txt item: #113 of 136 id: cord-319044-5otz2w9v author: Walsh, Michael G. title: Whence the next pandemic? The intersecting global geography of the animal-human interface, poor health systems and air transit centrality reveals conduits for high-impact spillover date: 2020-10-08 words: 3873 flesch: 32 summary: This work has defined a hierarchical geography of potential high-impact spillover based on variable animal-human interfaces, human health system capacity and proximate cities of high global connectivity. The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2020 has shown how rapidly emerging infectious diseases can devastate human health and national economies. keywords: animal; global; health; human; interface; livestock; spillover; wildlife cache: cord-319044-5otz2w9v.txt plain text: cord-319044-5otz2w9v.txt item: #114 of 136 id: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8 author: Ruiz, Sara I. title: Chapter 38 Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases date: 2013-12-31 words: 28862 flesch: 41 summary: Wild-type C57BL/6 adult mice are not permissive to chikungunya virus infection by intradermal inoculation. [Comparative Study Research Support Characterization of clinical and immune response in a rotavirus diarrhea model in suckling Lewis rats Development of a heterologous model in germfree suckling rats for studies of rotavirus diarrhea Studies of oral rehydration solutions in animal models Induction of mucosal immune responses and protection against enteric viruses: rotavirus infection of gnotobiotic pigs as a model Developmental immunity in the piglet Swine in biomedical research Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus Characterisation of the primary local and systemic immune response in gnotobiotic lambs against rotavirus infection Experimental infection of non-human primates with a human rotavirus isolate Development of a rotavirus-shedding model in rhesus macaques, using a homologous wild-type rotavirus of a new P genotype Reflections on 30 years of AIDS HIVs and their replication The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection: transmission, prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in humanized BLT mice Hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NOD/ SCID/IL2Rgamma null mice develop human lymphoid systems and induce long-lasting HIV-1 infection with specific humoral immune responses HIV-1 infection and CD4 T cell depletion in the humanized Rag2Ã�/Ã� gamma cÃ�/Ã� (RAG-hu) mouse model HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis in a novel humanized mouse model Induction of robust cellular and humoral virusspecific adaptive immune responses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected humanized BLT mice An aptamer-siRNA chimera suppresses HIV-1 viral loads and protects from helper CD4(þ) T cell decline in humanized mice Mucosal immunity and vaccines Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1 Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus Limited dissemination of pathogenic SIV after vaginal challenge of rhesus monkeys immunized with a live Virulence and reduced fitness of simian immunodeficiency virus with the M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase SIV-induced impairment of neurovascular repair: a potential role for VEGF Therapeutic DNA vaccine induces broad T cell responses in the gut and sustained protection from viral rebound and AIDS in SIV-infected rhesus macaques A Nonfucosylated variant of the anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibody b12 has enhanced FcgammaRIIIamediated antiviral activity in vitro but does not improve protection against mucosal SHIV challenge in macaques A trivalent recombinant Ad5 gag/pol/nef vaccine fails to protect rhesus macaques from infection or control virus replication after a limiting-dose heterologous SIV challenge Animal model for the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with reverse transcriptase inhibitors Susceptibility of HIV-2, SIV and SHIV to various anti-HIV-1 compounds: implications for treatment and postexposure prophylaxis Use of a small molecule CCR5 inhibitor in macaques to treat simian immunodeficiency virus infection or prevent simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection SHIV-1157i and passaged progeny viruses encoding R5 HIV-1 clade C env cause AIDS in rhesus monkeys Update on animal models for HIV research Limited or no protection by weakly or nonneutralizing antibodies against vaginal SHIV challenge of macaques compared with a strongly neutralizing antibody Macaque studies of vaccine and microbicide combinations for preventing HIV-1 sexual transmission Vpx is Critical for SIVmne infection of pigtail macaques Impact of short-term HAART initiated during the chronic stage or shortly post-exposure on SIV infection of male genital organs The rhesus macaque pediatric SIV infection modeld a valuable tool in understanding infant HIV-1 pathogenesis and for designing pediatric HIV-1 prevention strategies Perinatal transmission of SHIV-SF162P3 in Macaca nemestrina Immune and genetic correlates of vaccine protection against mucosal infection by SIV in monkeys Chronic administration of tenofovir to rhesus macaques from infancy through adulthood and pregnancy: summary of pharmacokinetics and biological and virological effects Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the step study): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial Human papillomavirus in cervical cancer Human papillomavirus research: do we still need animal models? Animal models of papillomavirus pathogenesis Evidence of human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness in reducing genital warts: an analysis of California public family planning administrative claims data The rabbit viral skin papillomas and carcinomas: a model for the immunogenetics of HPV-associated carcinogenesis Protection of beagle dogs from mucosal challenge with canine oral papillomavirus by immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing codon-optimized early genes Naturally occurring, nonregressing canine oral papillomavirus infection: host immunity, virus characterization, and experimental infection Regression of canine oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4þ and CD8þ lymphocytes Characterization and experimental transmission of an oncogenic papillomavirus in female macaques A multimeric L2 vaccine for prevention of animal papillomavirus infections Preclinical development of highly effective and safe DNA vaccines directed against HPV 16 E6 and E7 US doctors investigate more than 50 possible cases of monkeypox Isolation of monkeypox virus from wild squirrel infected in nature Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures Human monkeypox infection: a family cluster in the midwestern United States Human monkeypox and other poxvirus infections of man The confirmation and maintenance of smallpox eradication Human monkeypox Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models A prairie dog animal model of systemic orthopoxvirus disease using west African and Congo Basin strains of monkeypox virus Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging Comparative pathology of North American and central African strains of monkeypox virus in a ground squirrel model of the disease Experimental infection of an African dormouse (Graphiurus kelleni) with monkeypox virus A mouse model of lethal infection for evaluating prophylactics and therapeutics against monkeypox virus Experimental infection of ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of prairie dogs with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) with aerosolized monkeypox virus The pathology of experimental aerosolized monkeypox virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox Smallpox vaccine does not protect macaques with AIDS from a lethal monkeypox virus challenge Smallpox vaccine-induced antibodies are necessary and sufficient for protection against monkeypox virus Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and west African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates keywords: acute; animal; animal models; challenge; cynomolgus; days; dengue; develop; disease; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; experimental; fever; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; influenza; inoculation; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mortality; mouse; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strains; studies; study; symptoms; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8.txt plain text: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8.txt item: #115 of 136 id: cord-320283-nkb9nzyt author: Wiebers, David O. title: What the COVID-19 Crisis Is Telling Humanity date: 2020-06-04 words: 2221 flesch: 38 summary: One further fundamental source for the increasing threat of pandemics and other human health crises is habitat destruction. Humans may be exposed to antibiotic-resistant organisms by handling or eating raw or undercooked meat, coming into contact with farm animals or their feces, and/ or eating produce or consuming water (including recreational water) that has come into contact with animal feces [17] . keywords: animals; covid-19; health; human; pandemic; world cache: cord-320283-nkb9nzyt.txt plain text: cord-320283-nkb9nzyt.txt item: #116 of 136 id: cord-320988-yjxbm4tn author: Correa, M.T. title: Slum Livestock Agriculture date: 2014-08-21 words: 7379 flesch: 52 summary: Notwithstanding the risk of disease transmission, slum livestock agriculture plays an essential role in the livelihoods of people and deserves consideration in urban planning and policy making. With one in every seven people living in a slum, ensuring sufficient food becomes a concern; slum livestock agriculture could be part of the solution to fulfill the nutritional needs of that many people (United Nations Human Settlements Programme, 2003) . keywords: agriculture; animals; cattle; chickens; countries; disease; food; health; human; livestock; markets; people; pigs; population; production; slums; urban cache: cord-320988-yjxbm4tn.txt plain text: cord-320988-yjxbm4tn.txt item: #117 of 136 id: cord-321901-zpi7uis1 author: Roberts, Anjeanette title: Animal models and antibody assays for evaluating candidate SARS vaccines: Summary of a technical meeting 25–26 August 2005, London, UK date: 2006-11-30 words: 6604 flesch: 36 summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome WHO investigates China's fall in SARS cases WHO says SARS outbreak is over, but fight should go on Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an early split-off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage The Genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China The aetiology, origins, and diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Adaptation of SARS coronavirus to humans Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area Coronavirus pathogenesis and the emerging pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS immunity and vaccination Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of golden Syrian hamsters Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys Macaque model for severe acute respiratory syndrome An animal model of SARS produced by infection of Macaca mulatta with SARS coronavirus An exposed domain in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein induces neutralizing antibodies Identification of an antigenic determinant on the S2 domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies Contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity Evaluation of human monoclonal antibody 80R for immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome by an animal study, epitope mapping, and analysis of spike variants Development and characterisation of neutralising monoclonal antibody to the SARS-coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice Immunization with modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets Mucosal immunisation of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the SARS coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of SARS Adenoviral expression of a truncated S1 subunit of SARS-CoV spike protein results in specific humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV in rats Identification of the membrane-active regions of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike membrane glycoprotein using a 16/18-mer peptide scan: implications for the viral fusion mechanism Mechanisms of host defense following severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pulmonary infection of mice Symptoms of infection caused by SARS coronavirus in laboratory mice and guinea pigs Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates Infection of SARS-CoV on juvenile and adult Brandt's vole Microtus brandtii Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Development and characterization of a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that provides effective immunoprophylaxis in mice Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus Therapy with a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and viral burden in golden Syrian hamsters A single immunization with a rhabdovirus-based vector expressing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S protein results in the production of high levels of SARS-CoV-neutralizing antibodies Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein expressed by an adenovirus vector is phosphorylated and immunogenic in mice Characterization of humoral responses in mice immunized with plasmid DNAs encoding SARS-CoV spike gene fragments A subcutaneously injected UV-inactivated SARS coronavirus vaccine elicits systemic humoral immunity in mice Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine prepared from whole virus induces a high level of neutralizing antibodies in BALB/c mice Immunogenicity of SARS inactivated vaccine in BALB/c mice Augmentation of immune responses to SARS coronavirus by a combination of DNA and whole killed virus vaccines Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys A double-inactivated whole virus candidate SARS coronavirus vaccine stimulates neutralising and protective antibody responses Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications Intracellular transport of recombinant coronavirus spike proteins: implications for virus assembly Localization of antigenic sites of the S glycoprotein of feline infectious peritonitis virus involved in neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement Monoclonal antibody analysis of neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus Laboratory Biosafety Manual WHO biosafety guidelines for handling of SARS specimens Caution urged on SARS vaccines The authors thank Dr. Marc P. Girard and Dr. Marie-Paule Kieny for their invaluable assistance in preparing the manuscript. keywords: animal; antibody; assays; coronavirus; cov; disease; human; infection; mice; models; sars; studies; syndrome; vaccines cache: cord-321901-zpi7uis1.txt plain text: cord-321901-zpi7uis1.txt item: #118 of 136 id: cord-325273-w79fnkq1 author: Batchelder, Margaret title: Gerbils date: 2011-12-16 words: 13710 flesch: 39 summary: An Overview by Species Cholesterol metabolism in the gerbil Experimental transmission of Syphacia muris among rats, mice, hamsters and gerbils Detection of serum antibodies to Borna disease virus in patients with psychiatric disorders Normal values for hemoglobin concentration and cellular elements in the blood of Mongolian gerbils The mammalian Harderian gland: morphology, biochemistry function and phylogeny Defect of protective immunity to Schistosoma mansoni infection in Mongolian gerbils involves limited recruitment of dendritic cells in the vaccinated skin Survival of destrobilated adults of Taenia crassiceps in T-cell-depleted Mongolian gerbils Diagnostic Exercise: Head Tilt in a Gerbil The gerbil, a new laboratory animal New variability in cerebrovascular anatomy determines severity of hippocampal injury following forebrain ischemia in the Mongolian gerbil Temporary shift of microfilariae of Brugia pahangi from the lungs to muscles in Mongolian jirds, Meriones unguiculatus, after a single injection of diethylcarbamazine Effects of isolation-rearing on the development of social behaviors in male Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) Animal models Male saliva cues and female social choice in Mongolian gerbils Erythrocyte basophilic stippling in the Mongolian gerbil A survey of staphylococci isolated from the laboratory gerbil Role of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in the development of acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion in a gerbil model Elimination of Tyzzer's Disease in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) by fostering to mice Nutrient requirements of the gerbil Senktide-induced gerbil foot tapping behaviour is blocked by selective tachykinin NK1 and NK3 receptor antagonists Population growth and social structure of confined colonies of Mongolian gerbils: scent gland size and marking behaviour as indices of social status Streptococcus merionis sp. The anatomy of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones ungiculatus) Water balance in the Mongolian gerbil Red cell survival in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) Artificial insemination and induction of pregnancy in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) Serum activity of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is a potential clinical marker for leptospirosis pulmonary hemorrhage Suppression of reproduction in waterdeprived Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) Infection of reovirus type 3 in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) -lesions in pancreas and brain Ocular lesions in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) infected with low larval burden of Toxocara canis: observations using indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy A semipurified diet for the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) keywords: animal; behavior; blood; brain; cage; care; development; disease; et al; females; gerbils; gland; infection; laboratory; male; marking; meriones; meriones unguiculatus; mice; model; mongolian; mongolian gerbil; rats; records; research; rodents; species; studies; tail; unguiculatus; use; virus cache: cord-325273-w79fnkq1.txt plain text: cord-325273-w79fnkq1.txt item: #119 of 136 id: cord-325433-a2fynm75 author: Riggs, Shannon M. title: CHAPTER 17 GUINEA PIGS date: 2009-12-31 words: 8877 flesch: 49 summary: In the wild, guinea pigs live in small groups and, therefore, are often more comfortable in the presence of other guinea pigs when maintained as companion animals. This chapter deals with the health and medical care issues of guinea pigs. keywords: animals; diagnosis; diet; disease; examination; figure; guinea; guinea pigs; identifi; patient; pigs; signs; species; tract; treatment; vitamin cache: cord-325433-a2fynm75.txt plain text: cord-325433-a2fynm75.txt item: #120 of 136 id: cord-326873-11jgusov author: Dignard, Caroline title: Recent Research on Occupational Animal Exposures and Health Risks: A Narrative Review date: 2019-12-10 words: 5757 flesch: 27 summary: The majority of manuscripts identified in our review (18/37; 49%) were focused on animal worker exposure to infectious agents, zoonotic pathogen carriage or infection within this workforce, or pathogen contamination of the work environment. Animal worker exposure to hepatitis E virus (HEV) was explored in two notable papers, both of which extended the prior paradigm of HEV research to include new populations or production specifics. keywords: animal; authors; disease; exposure; food; health; influenza; injury; mrsa; production; research; studies; study; swine; workers cache: cord-326873-11jgusov.txt plain text: cord-326873-11jgusov.txt item: #121 of 136 id: cord-329206-xsxkn5my author: Vojtkovská, Veronika title: Methods of Assessment of the Welfare of Shelter Cats: A Review date: 2020-08-28 words: 18228 flesch: 43 summary: Number of Cats in the United States from Feral cats: Their role in the population dynamics of Felis catus A review of the housing requirements of domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) kept in the home Associations among weight loss, stress, and upper respiratory tract infection in shelter cats They'd Never Do It to You: A Study by Fundación Affinity Into the Abandonment and Adoption of Pets in Spain in 2018: Interpretation of Results A survey of cat shelters in Sweden Shelters reflect but cannot solve underlying problems with relinquished and stray animals-a retrospective study of dogs and cats entering and leaving shelters in Denmark from Is there a relationship between attitudes of shelter staff to cats and the cats' approach behaviour? In these countries, shelter cats can only be euthanised for medical reasons. keywords: animal; animal welfare; assessment; behaviour; body; cats; condition; cortisol; evaluation; feline; health; housing; indicators; life; quality; scale; score; shelter; shelter cats; stress; study; time; tool; use; welfare cache: cord-329206-xsxkn5my.txt plain text: cord-329206-xsxkn5my.txt item: #122 of 136 id: cord-329466-u55ibep9 author: Kulpa-Eddy, Jodie title: Non-animal replacement methods for veterinary vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions date: 2011-12-31 words: 11319 flesch: 30 summary: key: cord-329466-u55ibep9 authors: Kulpa-Eddy, Jodie; Srinivas, Geetha; Halder, Marlies; Hill, Richard; Brown, Karen; Roth, James; Draayer, Hans; Galvin, Jeffrey; Claassen, Ivo; Gifford, Glen; Woodland, Ralph; Doelling, Vivian; Jones, Brett; Stokes, William S title: Non-animal replacement methods for veterinary vaccine potency testing: state of the science and future directions date: 2011-12-31 journal: Procedia in Vaccinology DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.005 sha: doc_id: 329466 cord_uid: u55ibep9 Abstract NICEATM and ICCVAM convened an international workshop to review the state of the science of human and veterinary vaccine potency and safety testing methods and to identify opportunities to advance new and improved methods that can further reduce, refine, and replace animal use. This workshop report, the second in the series, provides recommendations for current and future use of non-animal methods and strategies for veterinary vaccine potency testing. keywords: alternative; animal; antigen; assay; development; human; methods; potency; products; replacement; requirements; standard; testing; use; vaccines; veterinary; workshop cache: cord-329466-u55ibep9.txt plain text: cord-329466-u55ibep9.txt item: #123 of 136 id: cord-331401-bhl729up author: Rantsios, A.T. title: Zoonoses date: 2015-09-22 words: 3339 flesch: 36 summary: Relevant lists of zoonotic diseases are presented. The severity of zoonotic diseases in humans varies from mild symptoms to life-threatening conditions. keywords: animals; contact; diseases; food; health; human; livestock; zoonoses; zoonotic cache: cord-331401-bhl729up.txt plain text: cord-331401-bhl729up.txt item: #124 of 136 id: cord-332233-01rdlf8l author: Tully, Thomas N. title: CHAPTER 12 MICE AND RATS date: 2009-12-31 words: 12450 flesch: 54 summary: Inducing and maintaining mouse patients under anesthesia can be very challenging. Therefore, inhalant anesthetic agents (e.g., isofl urane, sevofl urane) are recommended for anesthetizing mouse patients. keywords: animals; blood; cage; disease; examination; hair; mice; mouse; parasites; patient; rats; rodents; skin; treatment; urine; virus; water cache: cord-332233-01rdlf8l.txt plain text: cord-332233-01rdlf8l.txt item: #125 of 136 id: cord-336884-dyju6w15 author: Fielding, C.L. title: Disease Associated with Equine Coronavirus Infection and High Case Fatality Rate date: 2014-10-15 words: 2694 flesch: 52 summary: Horses with ECoV that died had a significantly higher viral load as compared to horses that survived (P = .02). A comprehensive molecular study Neonatal enterocolitis associated with coronavirus infection in a foal: A case report Emerging outbreaks associated with equine coronavirus in adult horses Epidemic of equine coronavirus at Obihiro Racecourse, Hokkaido, Japan in 2012 Isolation of an equine coronavirus from adult horses with pyrogenic and enteric disease and its antigenic and genomic characterization in comparison with the NC99 strain Initial viral load and the outcomes of SARS Comparison of five real-time PCR assays for detecting virulence genes in isolates of Escherichia coli from septicaemic neonatal foals Viral loads in clinical specimens and SARS manifestations Putative intestinal hyperammonaemia in horses: 36 cases Hyperammonaemia associated with encephalopathy and abdominal pain without evidence of liver disease in four mature horses Equine history, physical examination, records, and recognizing abuse or neglect in patients Appendix VIII blood analyte reference values in large animals Clinical biochemical and hematologic values of the American Miniature Horse: Reference values Veterinary Laboratory Medicine Source of funding: keywords: animals; disease; ecov; horses; load; signs cache: cord-336884-dyju6w15.txt plain text: cord-336884-dyju6w15.txt item: #126 of 136 id: cord-337028-8fh4pe3i author: Reyes, Leticia title: Different inflammatory responses are associated with Ureaplasma parvum-induced UTI and urolith formation date: 2009-01-26 words: 5825 flesch: 43 summary: This may be reflecting a more balanced immune response than what is seen in U. parvum positive animals, and we suggest that this balanced response may be critical to resolution of infection and prevention of severe disease. The first cluster identified in the negative group included IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α; these cytokines were notable as they were not part of the cytokine cluster groupings of U. parvum infected animals. keywords: animals; cfu; cytokine; group; infection; inflammatory; parvum; rats; uti cache: cord-337028-8fh4pe3i.txt plain text: cord-337028-8fh4pe3i.txt item: #127 of 136 id: cord-340939-ikomc19t author: van Doremalen, Neeltje title: A single-dose ChAdOx1-vectored vaccine provides complete protection against Nipah Bangladesh and Malaysia in Syrian golden hamsters date: 2019-06-06 words: 5494 flesch: 46 summary: A time-and cost-efficient system for high-level protein production in mammalian cells Biochemical, conformational, and immunogenic analysis of soluble trimeric forms of henipavirus fusion glycoproteins RNAscope: a novel in situ RNA analysis platform for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues Comparison of the pathogenicity of Nipah virus isolates from Bangladesh and Malaysia in the Syrian hamster A VLP-based vaccine provides complete protection against Nipah virus challenge following multiple-dose or single-dose vaccination schedules in a hamster model Recombinant nipah virus vaccines protect pigs against challenge ChAdOx1 NiVB efficacy in the Syrian Golden hamster PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases Protection against henipaviruses in swine requires both, cell-mediated and humoral immune response A Hendra virus G glycoprotein subunit vaccine protects African green monkeys from Nipah virus challenge Single-dose live-attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine protects African green monkeys from Nipah virus disease Recombinant measles virus vaccine expressing the Nipah virus glycoprotein protects against lethal Nipah virus challenge A recombinant subunit vaccine formulation protects against lethal Nipah virus challenge in cats Single injection recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccines protect ferrets against lethal Nipah virus disease Vaccination of ferrets with a recombinant G glycoprotein subunit vaccine provides protection against Nipah virus disease for over 12 months Nipah virus: vaccination and passive protection studies in a hamster model Characterization of Nipah virus from naturally infected Pteropus vampyrus bats Isolation of Nipah virus from Malaysian Island flying-foxes Nipah virus in Lyle's flying foxes, Cambodia Protection against henipavirus infection by use of recombinant adeno-associated virus-vector vaccines Feline model of acute nipah virus infection and protection with a soluble glycoprotein-based subunit vaccine Neutralization assays for differential henipavirus serology using Bio-Plex protein array systems Changing resource landscapes and spillover of henipaviruses Hendra virus vaccine, a one health approach to protecting horse, human, and environmental health A neutralizing human monoclonal antibody protects against lethal disease in a new ferret model of acute nipah virus infection A neutralizing human monoclonal antibody protects african green monkeys from hendra virus challenge A Protective Monoclonal Antibody Targets a Site of Vulnerability on the Surface of Rift Valley Fever Virus Development of an acute and highly pathogenic nonhuman primate model of Nipah virus infection We would like to thank the animal care takers for their excellent care of the animals, and Anita Mora for assistance with figures. The Syrian hamster is a suitable initial small animal model to investigate the efficacy of NiV vaccines, followed by the African green monkey keywords: animals; antibodies; chadox1; challenge; control; hamsters; hev; nipah; niv; protection; tissue; vaccine; virus cache: cord-340939-ikomc19t.txt plain text: cord-340939-ikomc19t.txt item: #128 of 136 id: cord-341263-j4ribasg author: Gjerde, Eli-Anne B title: Problems in physiological experimental animal models investigated with factorial design date: 2004-04-30 words: 4376 flesch: 42 summary: The standardization of animal experiments in physiological research is important to increase reproducibility at different times and locations with similar results. Furthermore, the averaging procedure has another principal discussion attached to it, namely whether the number of experiments actually performed should be the total number of registrations in an animal, the average of the measurements within one animal or the average between different animals in the same cage. keywords: animals; et al; experiments; fluid; pressure; rat; rats; trachea cache: cord-341263-j4ribasg.txt plain text: cord-341263-j4ribasg.txt item: #129 of 136 id: cord-341434-2xrdv92m author: Nowland, Megan H. title: Biology and Diseases of Rabbits date: 2015-07-10 words: 31614 flesch: 40 summary: Rabbits provided with objects (toys) spent significantly more time chewing than rabbits without toys (Poggiagliolmi et al., 2011) . that originated on cattle, mountain sheep, or rabbits Colonization of rabbits by Pasteurella multocida: serum IgG responses following intranasal challenge with serologically distinct isolates Identification and characterization of three Encephalitozoon cuniculi strains Treponema paraluis-cuniculi infection in a commercial rabbitry: epidemiology and serodiagnosis Atrophic rhinitis in New Zealand White rabbits infected with Pasteurella multocida Naturally acquired Pasteurella multocida infection in rabbits: immunological aspects Naturally acquired Pasteurella multocida infection in rabbits: clinicopathological aspects Hypervitaminosis A and reproductive disorders in rabbits Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents Production of recombinant human protein C in the milk of transgenic rabbits from the F3 generation Development of PCR protocols for specific identification of Clostridium spiroforme and detection of sas and sbs genes Vaccination against Eimeria magna coccidiosis using spray dispersion of precocious line oocysts in the nest box A quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and quantification of Lawsonia intracellularis Subclinical proliferative enteropathy in sentinel rabbits associated with Lawsonia intracellularis Assignment of the agent of Tyzzer's disease to Clostridium piliforme comb. keywords: age; allen et; animals; blood; cas et; cases; cells; chermette et; clostridium; coli; colony; complications; control; cuniculus; days; diagnosis; diarrhea; difficile; disease; eimeria; escherichia; et al; etiology; fox; human; infection; intestinal; intracellularis; isolates; laboratory; laboratory rabbits; lawsonia; lesions; liver; model; multocida; new; pasteurella; pathology; pcr; piliforme; prevention; rabbits; research; schoeb et; signs; skin; species; spiroforme; strains; studies; study; time; toxin; treatment; virus; white; zealand cache: cord-341434-2xrdv92m.txt plain text: cord-341434-2xrdv92m.txt item: #130 of 136 id: cord-345717-ktajrf7d author: Monagin, Corina title: Serologic and behavioral risk survey of workers with wildlife contact in China date: 2018-04-03 words: 4588 flesch: 42 summary: This study, examining the association between reported wildlife contact and seropositivity for wildlife zoonotic viruses, found detectable levels of antibodies for several pathogens in the population surveyed. We deliberately targeted high risk individuals, making our sample less representative of the general population. keywords: animal; china; contact; disease; human; individuals; risk; sars; seropositivity; study; wildlife cache: cord-345717-ktajrf7d.txt plain text: cord-345717-ktajrf7d.txt item: #131 of 136 id: cord-347872-naz24vct author: Rostal, Melinda K. title: Wildlife: The Need to Better Understand the Linkages date: 2012-11-02 words: 10054 flesch: 37 summary: Wildlife health surveillance can be used to better understand the pool of pathogens that may spillover into people or domestic animals; it can also be used to track the spread of wildlife diseases through populations. This chapter will describe these linkages and demonstrate the need to understand these linkages through targeted surveillance and understanding the ecology of wildlife diseases. keywords: animals; bats; control; diseases; emergence; et al; food; h5n1; health; human; pathogens; people; populations; rabies; risk; species; surveillance; trade; transmission; virus; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-347872-naz24vct.txt plain text: cord-347872-naz24vct.txt item: #132 of 136 id: cord-349300-x50tvq3a author: de Wit, Emmie title: Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection date: 2020-03-24 words: 4540 flesch: 36 summary: Absence of histologic lung lesions, as seen in two out of the six animals with therapeutic remdesivir treatment, has so far rarely been observed in studies testing the efficacy of MERS-CoV antivirals in nonhuman primate models (13) (14) (15) (16) ; it has only been shown once before in one out of three common marmosets treated with hyperimmune plasma at 6 h after inoculation (17) . Therapeutic remdesivir treatment initiated 12 h postinoculation also provided a clear clinical benefit, with a reduction in clinical signs, reduced virus replication in the lungs, and decreased presence and severity of lung lesions. keywords: animals; cov; group; lung; mers; remdesivir; rhesus; treatment; vehicle cache: cord-349300-x50tvq3a.txt plain text: cord-349300-x50tvq3a.txt item: #133 of 136 id: cord-349392-r71g2e9y author: Wang, L. -F. title: Bats, Civets and the Emergence of SARS date: 2007 words: 7025 flesch: 42 summary: Bats: important reservoir hosts of emerging viruses SARS-associated coronavirus transmitted from human to pig Zoonotic viruses of wildlife: hither from yon Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus Isolation of Nipah virus from Malaysian Island flying-foxes Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with sever acute respiratory syndrome Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus Coronaviridae: the viruses and their replication The ecology of wildlife diseases Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses Laboratory diagnosis of four recent sporadic cases of community-acquired SARS Pathology of guinea pigs experimentally infected with a novel reovirus and coronavirus isolated from SARS patients Animal-to-human SARS-associated coronavirus transmission? SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets A review of the global conservation status of bats A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans Possible role of an animal vector in the SARS outbreak in Amoy Gardens Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Identification of a novel coronavirus in bats Aged balb/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Superspreading SARS events Beijing Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human Prior infection and passive transfer of neutralizing antibody prevent replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the respiratory tract of mice Domestic poultry and SARS coronavirus, southern China A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Identification of a new human coronavirus Emerging paramyxoviruses Susceptibility of pigs and chickens to SARS coronavirus Mice susceptible to SARS coronavirus Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia Civets are equally susceptible to experimental infection by two different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus isolates Epidemiologic clues to SARS origin in China Evasion of antibody neutralization in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses Prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus in animal traders-Guangdong Province China SARSrelated virus predating SARS outbreak Hong Kong Epidemiology and cause of acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong People's Republic of China Acknowledgements Work conducted in the authors' group on the identification of the natural reservoir host of SARS-CoV is supported by the Australian Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases (Project 1.007R) in collaboration with research activities supported by an NIH/NSF Ecology of Infectious Diseases' award (no. R01-TW05869) from the John E. Fogarty International Center and the V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation. key: cord-349392-r71g2e9y authors: Wang, L. -F.; Eaton, B. T. title: Bats, Civets and the Emergence of SARS date: 2007 journal: Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-70962-6_13 sha: doc_id: 349392 cord_uid: r71g2e9y Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was the first pandemic transmissible disease of previously unknown aetiology in the twenty-first century. keywords: animal; civets; cov; covs; et al; human; sars; species; transmission; virus cache: cord-349392-r71g2e9y.txt plain text: cord-349392-r71g2e9y.txt item: #134 of 136 id: cord-352123-0bflqj1c author: Csiszar, Anna title: Companion animals likely do not spread COVID-19 but may get infected themselves date: 2020-08-07 words: 4758 flesch: 46 summary: Prior to the news of the Bronx Zoo big cat cases, there have not been any reports of pets or other animals in the USA contracting COVID-19, according to the websites of the US Department of Agriculture and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) The CDC recently issued an interim guidance for public health professionals managing the home care and isolation of people with COVID-19 who have pets or other animals (including service or working animals) in the same home keywords: age; animals; cats; cov-2; covid-19; disease; dogs; sars; virus; years cache: cord-352123-0bflqj1c.txt plain text: cord-352123-0bflqj1c.txt item: #135 of 136 id: cord-352832-uih7alib author: Khoury, Bassam title: The Root Causes of COVID-19 Screech for Compassion date: 2020-06-03 words: 1800 flesch: 37 summary: Similar studies have shown positive associations between compassion to other human beings and pro-environmental tendencies, including values, intentions, and actions (Pfattheicher et al. 2016) , as well as compassion towards animals in lab settings and the well-being of research personnel (LaFollette et al. 2020) . Despite the obvious risk that bat viruses pose to human health, it must be acknowledged that most outbreaks of batborne zoonotic diseases are a consequence of human activities (Wynne and Wang 2013) . keywords: compassion; humans; mindfulness cache: cord-352832-uih7alib.txt plain text: cord-352832-uih7alib.txt item: #136 of 136 id: cord-354904-7gq2e6f0 author: Staroverov, Sergey A. title: Prospects for the use of spherical gold nanoparticles in immunization date: 2018-11-06 words: 5061 flesch: 43 summary: The degradative processes observed in the animals immunized with TGEV antigen alone are evidence of weak resistance to pathogen attack. These results can be used to develop vaccines against this infection by employing TGEV antigen coupled to gold nanoparticles as a carrier. keywords: activity; animals; antigen; cells; gnps; gold; group; immunization; nanoparticles; spleen; tgev; tgev antigen cache: cord-354904-7gq2e6f0.txt plain text: cord-354904-7gq2e6f0.txt