# bib

id: cord-270051-rs3cz9lq
author: Wordley, V.
title: Increased antibiotics use
date: 2020-09-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 670
sentence: 26
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-270051-rs3cz9lq.txt
txt: txt/cord-270051-rs3cz9lq.txt
summary:
  Reduced access to dental care and an inability for dentists to provide dental procedures increases dental antibiotic prescribing. A large increase in dental antibiotic use in England during April and May 2020 was widely anticipated and so we undertook a rapid analysis comparing antibiotic use across Sir, the pre-visit triage, which practices are advised to do, will preclude any proven or probable COVID-19 patients from attending a practice, leaving only the possible, undiagnosed cases as posing a risk of bringing this infection into a practice.


id: cord-013105-tmhce7p5
author: Kalil, Andre C.
title: Less is more: critically ill status is not a carte blanche for unlimited antibiotic use
date: 2020-10-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1497
sentence: 55
flesch: 23
cache: cache/cord-013105-tmhce7p5.txt
txt: txt/cord-013105-tmhce7p5.txt
summary:
  VAT is an ill-defined syndrome with lowquality scientific evidence, poorly predictive of progression to VAP and not associated with higher mortality than ICU patients without VAT; this led the IDSA/ATS guideline to recommend against the use of antibiotics in patients with suspected VAT Given that more than half of ICU patients receive antimicrobial therapy


id: cord-011189-c0ytamge
author: da Fonseca Pestana Ribeiro, Jose Mauro
title: Less empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics is more in the ICU
date: 2019-11-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1623
sentence: 62
flesch: 22
cache: cache/cord-011189-c0ytamge.txt
txt: txt/cord-011189-c0ytamge.txt
summary:
  Several adverse effects related to antibiotic use are described in the literature; with acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) being the most concerning effect. De-escalation decreases the time of antibiotic use, but a short exposure still exists; in this way, a single antibiotic dose may be enough to treat severe infections such as Fig.


id: cord-346726-u7dhbmht
author: Keske, Şiran
date: 2018-01-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2207
sentence: 95
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-346726-u7dhbmht.txt
txt: txt/cord-346726-u7dhbmht.txt
title:
  The rapid diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections and its impact on antimicrobial stewardship programs

summary:
  Case definitions for influenza surveillance Prevalence and seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses during the 2014-2015 season in Istanbul Evaluating the impact of the multiplex respiratory virus panel polymerase chain reaction test on the clinical management of suspected respiratory viral infections in adult patients in a hospital setting Clinical diagnosis, viral PCR, and antibiotic utilization in community-acquired pneumonia Antibiotic discontinuation rates associated with positive respiratory viral panel and low procalcitonin results in proven or suspected respiratory infections The clinical impact of the detection of potential etiologic pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia Serum procalcitonin measurement and viral testing to guide antibiotic use for respiratory infections in hospitalized adults: a randomized controlled trial Routine molecular point-of-care testing for respiratory viruses in adults presenting to hospital with acute respiratory illness (ResPOC): a pragmatic, open-label, randomised controlled trial Mean duration of inappropriate antibiotic use (days) 6.5 (SD 3.1) 4.6 (SD 2.0) < 0.001 9.7 (SD 7.3) 6.2 (SD 3.7) 0.007 Rates of hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and influenza virus in older adults ECIL-4): guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of human respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and coronavirus Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. adults Role of influenza and other respiratory viruses in admissions of adults to Canadian hospitals Antibiotic use for viral acute respiratory tract infections remains common Ambulatory antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis and cough and hospital admissions for respiratory infections: time trends analysis Antibiotic prescription rates for acute respiratory tract infections in US ambulatory settings Prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions among US ambulatory care visits Implementing an antibiotic stewardship program: guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies World Health Organization (WHO) (2014) WHO surveillance case definitions for ILI and SARI.


id: cord-010012-1hrx1w8r
author: Destache, Christopher J.
title: Optimizing Economic Outcomes in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis
date: 2012-01-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2657
sentence: 118
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-010012-1hrx1w8r.txt
txt: txt/cord-010012-1hrx1w8r.txt
summary:
  The chosen antibiotic, length of therapy, antibiotic failure or hospitalization (within 2 weeks of initial therapy), length of time between AECB episodes, and costs (antibiotic costs and total costs of AECB treatment) were recorded. 96-50 Acute exacerbation of COPD: factors associated with poor treatment outcome Infectious exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: diagnosis and management Epidemiology and treatment of chronic bronchitis and its exacerbations Chlamydia pneumoniae, strain TWAR, infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease The Alexander project 1996-1997: latest susceptibility data from this international study of bacterial pathogens from community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections Respiratory tract infections: epidemiology and surveillance Antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Prophylactic use of oxytetracycline for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: treatment with oxytetracycline Value of ampicillin in the hospital treatment of exacerbations of chronic bronchitis A controlled study of the effect of treatment on chronic bronchitis: an evaluation using pulmonary function tests Antibiotic regimens in severe and acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Antibiotic regimens in moderately ill patients with purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Role of infection in chronic bronchitis A controlled trial of a killed Haemophilus influenzae vaccine for prevention of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Prophylactic treatment of chronic bronchitis Antibiotics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: a meta-analysis Clinical and economic considerations in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Antibiotics are associated with lower relapse rates in outpatients with acute exacerbations of COPD Guidelines for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Recommendations on the management of chronic bronchitis Clinical studies in chronic bronchitis: a need for better definition and classification of severity Gemifloxacin long-term outcomes in bronchitis exacerbations (GLOBE) study: an assessment of health outcome benefits in AECB patients following 5 days' gemifloxacin therapy


id: cord-263430-zq6huaoz
author: Rørtveit, Guri
title: The Primary Care Perspective on the Norwegian National Strategy against Antimicrobial Resistance
date: 2020-09-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2822
sentence: 123
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-263430-zq6huaoz.txt
txt: txt/cord-263430-zq6huaoz.txt
summary:
  An important question for the current expert group is what strategies are purposeful for Norwegian primary care in a situation with an already low prescription rate. By 2020, these goals were completely or nearly reached, and Norwegian primary care physicians should be proud of their contribution.


id: cord-295605-c6z9n3ij
author: Mungrue, Kameel
title: Drugs in upper respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients in North Trinidad
date: 2009-03-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2703
sentence: 138
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-295605-c6z9n3ij.txt
txt: txt/cord-295605-c6z9n3ij.txt
summary:
  Department of Infectious Disease Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Physician behaviour for antimicrobial prescribing for pediatric upper respiratory tract infections: a survey in general practice in Trinidad, West Indies Antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections. key: cord-295605-c6z9n3ij authors: Mungrue, Kameel; Brown, Tessa; Hayes, Ivory; Ramroop, Savatri; Thurston, Portio; Pereira, Lexley PINTO title: Drugs in upper respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients in North Trinidad date: 2009-03-15 journal:


id: cord-010479-2zua4mji
author: LeRiger, Michelle M.
title: Improving the Compliance of Intraoperative Antibiotic Redosing: A Quality Improvement Initiative
date: 2020-04-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3567
sentence: 189
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-010479-2zua4mji.txt
txt: txt/cord-010479-2zua4mji.txt
summary:
  Although we cannot draw a clear correlation between the SSI rate and our improved intraoperative compliance redosing, correct intraoperative antibiotic redosing has been shown to decrease SSIs, 3 and this QI project demonstrates that comprehensive education along with antibiotic-specific EMR alerts significantly increased the compliance of intraoperative antibiotic redosing. The primary project goal was to increase intraoperative antibiotic redosing compliance.


id: cord-289382-bnl9i9oy
author: Wright, Gerard D
title: Q&A: Antibiotic resistance: where does it come from and what can we do about it?
date: 2010-09-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3362
sentence: 135
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-289382-bnl9i9oy.txt
txt: txt/cord-289382-bnl9i9oy.txt
summary:
  The prevalence and mobility of resistance genes in previously sensitive pathogenic bacteria has now reached crisis levels in many cases because new antibiotics are no longer being developed at a rate that can keep pace with microbial evolution. There are a number of reasons, some economic, for the paucity of new antibiotics.


id: cord-259945-nmjwzk4e
author: Bent, Stephen
title: Antibiotics in acute bronchitis: a meta-analysis
date: 1999-07-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3729
sentence: 151
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-259945-nmjwzk4e.txt
txt: txt/cord-259945-nmjwzk4e.txt
summary:
  Note Added in Proof: After this paper was submitted, a meta-analysis on a similar topic was published: Smucny JJ, Becker LA, Glazier RH, McIsaac W. Are antibiotics effective treatment for acute bronchitis? Antibiotic use for acute bronchitis constitutes a substantial portion of all antibiotic use in the United States, accounting for 9% of all prescriptions written for children (26) .


id: cord-279483-gwikyux2
author: Wong, Joshua Guoxian
date: 2020-11-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4301
sentence: 205
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-279483-gwikyux2.txt
txt: txt/cord-279483-gwikyux2.txt
title:
  Risk prediction models to guide antibiotic prescribing: a study on adult patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infections in an emergency department

summary:
  Cochrane Database of Syst Rev Over-prescribing of antibiotics and imaging in the management of uncomplicated URIs in emergency departments Trends in emergency department antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections Ambulatory antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis and cough and hospital admissions for respiratory infections: time trends analysis Antibiotic use for viral acute respiratory tract infections remains common Antibiotic utilization for acute respiratory tract infections in U.S. emergency departments Predictors of frequent attenders of emergency department at an acute general hospital in Singapore Frequent attenders at the emergency department: an analysis of characteristics and utilisation trends. Furthermore, most studies on antibiotic prescribing focus on understanding behaviors and perceptions or finding associative factors for antibiotic prescribing decisions [22] [23] [24] [25] .


id: cord-308480-t2vukbwp
author: Liang, Zhongjie
title: Molecular Basis of NDM-1, a New Antibiotic Resistance Determinant
date: 2011-08-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4283
sentence: 168
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-308480-t2vukbwp.txt
txt: txt/cord-308480-t2vukbwp.txt
summary:
  To explore the detailed mechanism for the susceptibility of the two antibiotics against NDM-1 positive strain, 100 mM meropenem was used as NDM-1 substrate, then 50 mM and 150 mM tigecycline or aztreonam were mixed with the reaction system as the inhibitors. Our study will provide clues to investigate the molecular basis of extended antibiotics resistance of NDM-1 and then accelerate the search for new antibiotics against NDM-1 positive strain in clinical studies.


id: cord-017799-2nvrakbs
author: Patel, Zara M.
title: Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
date: 2018-05-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4393
sentence: 191
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-017799-2nvrakbs.txt
txt: txt/cord-017799-2nvrakbs.txt
summary:
  A summary for otorhinolaryngologists Sinusitis of the maxillary antrum Nosocomial sinusitis in patients in the medical intensive care unit: a prospective epidemiological study Nosocomial sinusitis Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population Characteristics of illness and antibody response Adult acute rhinosinusitis A practical guide for the diagnosis and treatment of acute sinusitis The pathogenesis of orbital complications in acute sinusitis Endoscopically directed middle meatal cultures versus maxillary sinus taps in acute bacterial maxillary rhinosinusitis: a meta-analysis A 51-year-old woman with acute onset of facial pressure, rhinorrhea, and tooth pain: review of acute rhinosinusitis Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of acute bacterial sinusitis in children, aged 1 to 18 years Antibiotics for clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis in adults Predicting prognosis and effect of antibiotic treatment in rhinosinusitis Effect of amoxicillin-clavulinate in clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis. Most patients suffering with sinus symptoms will have a viral etiology of their inflammation [8] .


id: cord-267023-w5ig7mrl
author: Nori, Priya
date: 2017-07-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4348
sentence: 197
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-267023-w5ig7mrl.txt
txt: txt/cord-267023-w5ig7mrl.txt
title:
  Developing Interactive Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention Curricula for Diverse Learners: A Tailored Approach

summary:
  Commentary: IDSA guidelines for improving the teaching of preclinical medical microbiology and infectious diseases Faculty and resident physicians' attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge about antimicrobial use and resistance Medical students' perceptions and knowledge about antimicrobial stewardship: how are we educating our future prescribers? Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Hand-hygiene behaviour, attitudes and beliefs in first year clinical medical students Now please wash your hands': the handwashing behaviour of final MBBS candidates Usage of ultraviolet test method for monitoring the efficacy of surgical hand rub technique among medical students Critical gaps in knowledge of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of healthcare-associated infections Hand hygiene in medical students: performance, education and knowledge Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship New societal approaches to empowering antibiotic stewardship CMS Issues Proposed Rule that Prohibits Discrimination, Reduces Hospital-Acquired Conditions, and Promotes Antibiotic Stewardship in Hospitals Health care provider education as a tool to enhance antibiotic stewardship practices Is there an app for that? Likewise, studies in medical student education reveal (1) poor knowledge and practices of infection prevention and (2) gaps in understanding of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) due to lack of emphasis and suboptimal practices among supervising physicians [5] [6] [7] [8] .


id: cord-333535-pzjj2wxc
author: Smith, Geof
title: Antimicrobial Decision Making for Enteric Diseases of Cattle
date: 2015-02-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5428
sentence: 195
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-333535-pzjj2wxc.txt
txt: txt/cord-333535-pzjj2wxc.txt
summary:
  Feedlot 2011 Part IV: health and health management on U.S. feedlots with a capacity of 1,000 or more head Salmonella in calves Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates recovered from calves with diarrhea in Australia Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella on midwest and northeast USA dairy farms Antibiotics as growth stimulants for dairy cattle: a review Use of antibiotics to prevent calf diarrhea and septicemia Antibiotics and calf diarrhea Diarrhea and malabsorption in calves associated with therapeutic doses of antibiotics: absorptive and clinical changes Adverse effect of oral antibacterial prophylaxis and therapy on incidence of neonatal calf diarrhea Evaluation of an oral glucose-glycine-electrolyte formulation and amoxicillin for the treatment of diarrhea in calves A field trial comparing the effects of supplementation with Aureomycin plus lasalocid or monensin on the health and production performance of dairy calves Growth and health of Holstein calves fed milk replacers supplemented with antibiotics or Enteroguard Targeting therapy to minimize antimicrobial use in preweaned calves: effects on health, growth, and treatment costs No effect of a homeopathic preparation on neonatal calf diarrhea in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial A rational approach to treatment of calf diarrhea Antimicrobial use in the treatment of calf diarrhea Treatment of calf diarrhea: antimicrobial and ancillary treatments Observations on the etiology of neonatal diarrhea (scours) in calves Bacteriological culture of blood from critically ill neonatal calves Model to predict septicemia in diarrheic calves The distribution of the colon-aerogenes group of bacteria in the alimentary tract of calves The bacteriology of the intestinal tract of young calves with special reference to early diarrhea Distribution and virulence of Escherichia coli in the small intestine of calves with and without diarrhea Changes in small intestinal morphology and flora associated with decreased energy digestibility in calves with naturally occurring diarrhea Pathogenesis and prevention of infectious diarrhea (scours) of newborn calves Amoxycillin: distribution and clinical efficacy in calves A clinical evaluation of antimicrobial agents and temporary starvation in the treatment of acute undifferentiated diarrhea in newborn calves Oral absorption and bioavailability of ampicillin derivatives in calves Clinical efficacy of amoxicillin in calves with colibacillosis Field evaluation of efficacy of marbofloxacin bolus in the treatment of naturally occurring diarrhea in the new born calf Comparison of danofloxacin with baquiloprim/sulphadimidine for the treatment of experimentally induced Escherichia coli diarrhea in calves Efficacy of danofloxacin 18% injectable solution in the treatment of Escherichia coli diarrhoea in young calves in Europe Field trial evaluating the influence of prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial administration on antimicrobial resistance of fecal Escherichia coli in dairy calves The typing of E. coli by bacteriophage, its application to the study of E. coli populations of the intestinal tract of healthy calves and of calves suffering from white scours Passage of antibiotics through the digestive tract of normal and scouring calves and their effect upon the bacterial flora Discrepancy between antibiotic (amoxycillin) resistance in vitro and efficacy in calf diarrhea Further observations on the effect of chemotherapy on the presence of drug-resistant Bacterium coli in the intestinal tract of calves The sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents of a further series of strains of Bacterium coli from cases of white scours: the relationship between sensitivity tests and response to treatment Neonatal diarrhea in calves Escherichia coli and Salmonella newport in calves: efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic treatment dehydration, lethargy, or fever. 16 More recent studies have found that either oral antibiotics had no effect on decreasing calf diarrhea or in some cases diarrhea rates actually increased in calves fed antibiotics.


id: cord-280158-3fhhuzg5
author: Hoffman, Paul S.
title: Antibacterial Discovery: 21st Century Challenges
date: 2020-04-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5289
sentence: 201
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-280158-3fhhuzg5.txt
txt: txt/cord-280158-3fhhuzg5.txt
summary:
  In retrospect, few searches for new drug targets considered mutation frequency as a criterion for prioritization. Along these lines, developing antimicrobials that target either GP or GN bacteria would exploit new drug targets unique to each, such as teixobactin for GPB.


id: cord-030184-5iv6qt7t
author: Tan, Glorijoy Shi En
title: Gut Microbiota Modulation: Implications for Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship
date: 2020-08-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5559
sentence: 233
flesch: 25
cache: cache/cord-030184-5iv6qt7t.txt
txt: txt/cord-030184-5iv6qt7t.txt
summary:
  With increased understanding, gut microbiota profiling through metataxonomic analysis may provide further insight into modulating microbial communities in the context of infection prevention and control. With increased understanding, gut microbiota profiling through metataxonomic analysis may provide further insight into modulating microbial communities in the context of infection prevention and control.


id: cord-009967-fyqc5bat
author: Gleckman, Richard
title: Cost‐Effective Antibiotic Prescribing
date: 2012-01-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5939
sentence: 221
flesch: 23
cache: cache/cord-009967-fyqc5bat.txt
txt: txt/cord-009967-fyqc5bat.txt
summary:
  In 1973, it was reported that favorable results ensued when oral antibiotic therapy was prescribed for hospitalized patients with serious infectionsz3 Fourteen patients with osteomyelitis were treated successfully with oral cephalexin after they had received a short course of parenteral cephaloridine. Therapy of osteomyelitis and suppurative arthritis High-dose dicloxacillin treatment of acute staphylococcal osteomyelitis in children Long-term follow-up of ambulatory management of osteomyelitis Success with cephalordine-cephalexin therapy Use of the serum bactericidal titer to assess the adequacy of oral antibiotic therapy in the treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis Marks MI et at.


id: cord-011310-fm578rm5
author: Leja, Mārcis
date: 2019-10-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6393
sentence: 226
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-011310-fm578rm5.txt
txt: txt/cord-011310-fm578rm5.txt
title:
  What Would the Screen-and-Treat Strategy for Helicobacter pylori Mean in Terms of Antibiotic Consumption?

summary:
  Adverse events related to H. pylori eradication therapy are common, but usually they are mild and of short-term duration; the most common symptoms are diarrhea, nausea and/or vomiting, epigastric pain, and altered taste [34] . Awareness of the complication is particularly important when both duration and indications for H. pylori eradication therapy have been extended.


id: cord-310474-hip7t0jx
author: Hansford, Karl A.
title: Nontraditional Antibiotics—Challenges and Triumphs
date: 2020-04-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 944
sentence: 35
flesch: 26
cache: cache/cord-310474-hip7t0jx.txt
txt: txt/cord-310474-hip7t0jx.txt
summary:
  Encouragingly, there is an unprecedented level of activity around nontraditional therapies based on a recent analysis of the global preclinical antibacterial pipeline [2] . Although the future potential of nontraditional therapies is viewed with cautious optimism, adequate resourcing will be critical to demonstrate clinical impact, especially when many of the translational criteria associated with direct-acting small molecule therapeutics will likely be incongruent with the nontraditional development pathway.


id: cord-312417-li41ng7v
author: Chowdhury, Moyukh
date: 2020-10-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6156
sentence: 360
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-312417-li41ng7v.txt
txt: txt/cord-312417-li41ng7v.txt
title:
  Rural community perceptions of antibiotic access and understanding of antimicrobial resistance: qualitative evidence from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in Matlab, Bangladesh

summary:
  Wellcome Open Res To sell or not to sell; the differences between regulatory and community demands regarding access to antibiotics in rural Ghana Community knowledge and practices regarding antibiotic use in rural Mozambique: where is the starting point for prevention of antibiotic resistance? Thematic analysis What can thematic analysis offer health and wellbeing researchers? Antimicrobial resistance as a problem of values? Multi-sectoral action is needed to confront the underlying social, economic, cultural and political drivers that impact on the access and use of antibiotic medicines in Bangladesh.


id: cord-282628-6uoberfu
author: Tiwari, Bhagyashree
title: Future impacts and trends in treatment of hospital wastewater
date: 2020-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5921
sentence: 240
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-282628-6uoberfu.txt
txt: txt/cord-282628-6uoberfu.txt
summary:
  For instance, the outbreak of Nipah virus diseases was occurred due Anaplasma phagocytophilum [7] Buruli ulcers Mycobacterium ulcerans [8] to the extensive deforestation of a forest of Southeast Asia [24] . These fruit bats are natural reservoir (host) of Nipah virus and their migration to cultivable land lead to transmission of Nipah virus disease in farm animals and subsequently in humans [24] .


id: cord-016187-58rqc0cg
author: Opal, S. M.
title: The Challenge of Emerging Infections and Progressive Antibiotic Resistance
date: 2006
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6625
sentence: 295
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-016187-58rqc0cg.txt
txt: txt/cord-016187-58rqc0cg.txt
summary:
  These extrachromosomal DNA elements provide ready access to disposable yet potentially highly advantageous genes including antibiotic resistance genes from plasmids or phage particles. Antibiotic resistance genes probably arose from detoxifying enzymes or synthetic enzymes with altered substrate specifi city by critical mutations or recombination events resulting in the formation of mosaic genes with entirely new functions [30] .


id: cord-275700-tx4hirm4
author: Whiteside, James L
title: Acute bronchitis: a review of diagnosis and evidence-based management
date: 2002-06-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2954
sentence: 138
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-275700-tx4hirm4.txt
txt: txt/cord-275700-tx4hirm4.txt
summary:
  A meta-analysis Antibiotics for acute bronchitis (Cochrane Review) Quantitative systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing antibiotic with placebo for acute cough in adults Airway infection Antibiotic prescribing for patients with colds, upper respiratory tract infections, and bronchitis: a national study of hospital-based emergency departments Acute bronchitis Diagnosis of acute bronchitis in adults: a national survey of family physicians Pulmonary function test in acute bronchitis: evidence for reversible airway obstruction An association between acute bronchitis and asthma Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of uncomplicated acute bronchitis: background Factors associated with antibiotic use for acute bronchitis Antibiotics in acute bronchitis: a meta-analysis Efficacy and safety of the oral neuraminindase inhibitor oseltamivir in treating acute influenza: a randomized controlled trial Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults (Cochrane Review)


id: cord-018557-iuu38yes
author: Mainous, Arch G.
title: Upper Respiratory Infections and Acute Bronchitis
date: 2009-09-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7113
sentence: 326
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-018557-iuu38yes.txt
txt: txt/cord-018557-iuu38yes.txt
summary:
  A meta-analysis Diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media: Report from International Primary Care Network Diagnosis and management of acute otitis media Trends in doctor consultations, antibiotic prescription and specialist referrals for otitis media in children Trends in otitis media treatment and relapse National trends in emergency department antibiotic prescribing in children with acute otitis media Otitis media in children: To treat or not to treat? Wait-and-see prescription for the treatment of acute otitis media: A randomized controlled trial Management of acute otitis media by primary care physicians: Historically, acute otitis media has been one of the most common pediatric conditions seen in primary care.


id: cord-252243-ua2w6xki
author: Cooper, Emily
date: 2020-09-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8713
sentence: 394
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-252243-ua2w6xki.txt
txt: txt/cord-252243-ua2w6xki.txt
title:
  Diagnosis and Management of UTI in Primary Care Settings—A Qualitative Study to Inform a Diagnostic Quick Reference Tool for Women Under 65 Years

summary:
  I get so many people coming back (with UTI symptoms) that I don't prescribe three days any more actually. There was discussion about what stage pyelonephritis and sepsis should be considered in a UTI consultation; some groups thought it should be excluded early on and others thought it should be ruled out after UTI symptoms were discussed.


id: cord-307429-ll109j3i
author: Phuong, Nguyen T. K.
date: 2017-04-25
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5254
sentence: 195
flesch: 23
cache: cache/cord-307429-ll109j3i.txt
txt: txt/cord-307429-ll109j3i.txt
title:
  Encouraging rational antibiotic use in childhood pneumonia: a focus on Vietnam and the Western Pacific Region

summary:
  Update on community-acquired pneumonia: impact of antibiotic resistance on clinical outcomes Controversies in the treatment of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia Outcomes in lower respiratory tract infections and the impact of antimicrobial drug resistance Vaccines to prevent pneumonia in children-a developing country perspective (Epub ahead of print) Antibiotic resistance and the potential impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines Population structure and drug resistance patterns of emerging non Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 22 F, 15A, and 8 isolated from adults in Ontario Rise of multidrug-resistant non-vaccine serotype 15A Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United Kingdom Prevalent multidrug-resistant nonvaccine serotypes in pneumococcal carriage of healthy Korean children associated with the low coverage of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Optimizing antibacterial therapy for community-acquired respiratory tract infections in children in an era of bacterial resistance Clinical characteristics of children with Streptococcus pneumoniae septicemia and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae. A more extensive report on antibiotic resistance in 15 hospitals throughout Vietnam found MRSA in 20% of children and adults with S. aureus bacteremia; vancomycin resistance rates were very low [47] .


id: cord-308001-gkd9d3k0
author: Lecky, Donna M.
title: Infectious Disease and Primary Care Research—What English General Practitioners Say They Need
date: 2020-05-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4335
sentence: 168
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-308001-gkd9d3k0.txt
txt: txt/cord-308001-gkd9d3k0.txt
summary:
  In February 2020, the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) developed antibiotic prescribing guidance for leg ulcer infection [31] . We are encouraged that NICE and PHE have already developed antibiotic prescribing guidance for some of these conditions [31, 35, 37, 41, 42] ; however, three of the top 10 conditions where GPs required evidence to support their daily practice future were for chronic or recurring conditions, i.e., chronic sinusitis, chronic cough, recurring UTI, for which there is currently little or no diagnostic, management or treatment guidelines.


id: cord-257244-gryp0khc
author: Edwards, M. R.
date: 2017-08-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5758
sentence: 194
flesch: 25
cache: cache/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt
txt: txt/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt
title:
  The potential of anti‐infectives and immunomodulators as therapies for asthma and asthma exacerbations

summary:
  Despite these important associations, the use of antiinfectives (antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, vaccines) that specifically target known pathogens, or drugs that are based on or exploit microbe-host receptor interactions (toll-like receptor agonists, bacterial lysates) or are immunomodulators (vitamin D), and/or may work in part by altering our associated microbiology (probiotics) are, with the exception of severe asthma, seldom considered in asthma treatment, prevention and guidelines. Evidence to date suggested that modulation of the gut microbiome may represent an interesting therapeutic or preventative opportunity for the prevention of allergic asthma and AE, whilst clinical trials do not confirm initial enthusiastic expectations.


id: cord-018566-dd5gw66t
author: Armbruster, Walter J.
title: The Political Economy of US Antibiotic Use in Animal Feed
date: 2018-05-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 11426
sentence: 454
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-018566-dd5gw66t.txt
txt: txt/cord-018566-dd5gw66t.txt
summary:
  To the extent they can be developed and used separately, the potential for animal antibiotic use leading to antimicrobial resistance for important human antibiotics will be mitigated. Despite the scientific and economic evidence, many comments to the proposed final regulation reflected ongoing resistance to the elimination of food animal production use of medically important antibiotics.


id: cord-317410-hc06yo32
author: Muthanna, Abdulrahman
date: 2018-12-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5427
sentence: 218
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-317410-hc06yo32.txt
txt: txt/cord-317410-hc06yo32.txt
title:
  Clinical Screening Tools to Diagnose Group A Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis in Primary Care Clinics to Improve Prescribing Habits

summary:
  It will include the prevalence of group A pharyngotonsillitis among children and adults worldwide and the selective tests employed for diagnosing group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis. In addition, Centor scoring provides quick diagnosis of group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in adult patients, unlike the tests to confirm a diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis, such as a culture which takes two to three days for the results in order to avoid any complications (62) .


id: cord-304972-aktfbriw
author: Cots, Josep M.
title: Recommendations for Management of Acute Pharyngitis in Adults
date: 2015-06-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6005
sentence: 309
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-304972-aktfbriw.txt
txt: txt/cord-304972-aktfbriw.txt
summary:
  This benefit was greater for adult patients, those with greater symptomatology and those with streptococcal AP. These tests offer the advantage of diagnosing streptococcal AP in a few minutes, with an associated specificity greater than 95% when used in patients with 2 or more Centor criteria.


id: cord-349775-zwslhjju
author: Brittain-Long, Robin
date: 2011-04-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4616
sentence: 169
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-349775-zwslhjju.txt
txt: txt/cord-349775-zwslhjju.txt
title:
  Access to a polymerase chain reaction assay method targeting 13 respiratory viruses can reduce antibiotics: a randomised, controlled trial

summary:
  A recent retrospective study of primary care patients in a comparable Swedish region recorded an antibiotic prescription rate of 45% for all patients with ARTIs, 60% for patients with acute bronchitis and 16% for patients with the 'common cold' [13] . We conducted an investigator-initiated, multicentre, prospective, randomised, controlled trial with adult patients in a primary care setting.


id: cord-021158-075vh5jg
author: Fortané, Nicolas
date: 2020-01-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 12212
sentence: 462
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-021158-075vh5jg.txt
txt: txt/cord-021158-075vh5jg.txt
title:
  Antimicrobial resistance: preventive approaches to the rescue? Professional expertise and business model of French “industrial” veterinarians

summary:
  One of the most important concerns the controversies and public policies that have developed over recent years with regard to the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which has directly challenged the economic and professional model of farm animal veterinary practices that were setting drugs (mostly antibiotics) up as a cornerstone of veterinary activity, as a source of both income and professional expertise. The fact is that this model of preventive veterinary medicine seems in reality to be quite typical of a very particular segment of the veterinary profession, the one this article proposes to describe, namely industrial vets.


id: cord-333334-90q1xkld
author: Shengchen, D.
date: 2019-06-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3882
sentence: 158
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-333334-90q1xkld.txt
txt: txt/cord-333334-90q1xkld.txt
title:
  Evaluation of a molecular point-of-care testing for viral and atypical pathogens on intravenous antibiotic duration in hospitalized adults with lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized clinical trial

summary:
  Considering that length of hospital stay for LRTI patients was directly related to duration of intravenous antibiotics, we finally chose duration of intravenous antibiotics as the primary outcome. In our study adding POCT to routine real-time PCR testing shortened the duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment, reduced the length of stay and cost of hospitalization, and improved early de-escalation of intravenous antibiotics compared with routine real-time PCR assays in hospitalized LRTI patients.


id: cord-297125-la20vi9j
author: Brower, Jennifer L.
title: The Threat and Response to Infectious Diseases (Revised)
date: 2016-08-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 12338
sentence: 491
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-297125-la20vi9j.txt
txt: txt/cord-297125-la20vi9j.txt
summary:
  Slides: generics to push statin revenues down by $7B. Cardiovascular Business Fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for Clostridium Difficile infection Industrial production of β-lactam antibiotics Evidence linking arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes Genetic identification of a hantavirus associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness The ecology and evolutionary history of an emergent disease: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases Increased avian diversity is associated with lower incidence of human West Nile infection: observation of the dilution effect Avian diversity and West Nile virus: testing associations between biodiversity and infectious disease risk Mapping of poverty and likely zoonoses hotspots Healthy animals, healthy people: zoonosis risk from animal contact in pet shops, a systematic review of the literature Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife-threats to biodiversity Tuberculosis in humans and animals: are we a threat to each other? CDC (2015) H5 viruses in the United States Human food safety not likely threatened by costly Avian Flu Economic impact of Avian Influenza Infectious disease, endangerment, and extinction Effects of environmental change on emerging parasitic diseases Patterns of gastrointestinal bacterial exchange between chimpanzees and humans involved in research and tourism in western Uganda Promoting childhood immunizations Measles activity in Canada Working Group on Measles Elimination (2004) According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), emerging infectious diseases are those whose incidence in humans has increased in the past two decades or threatens to increase in the near future


id: cord-017393-kx8kmdej
author: Herbers, Alexandra
title: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Febrile Neutropenia
date: 2009-08-31
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 13297
sentence: 489
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-017393-kx8kmdej.txt
txt: txt/cord-017393-kx8kmdej.txt
summary:
  A review of 55 cases Cytosine arabinoside as a major risk factor for Streptococcus viridans septicemia following bone marrow transplantation: a 5-year prospective study Bacteremia due to viridans streptococci in neutropenic patients: a review Mucosal barrier injury: biology, pathology, clinical counterparts and consequences of intensive treatment for haematological malignancy: an overview Clostridium septicum sepsis and neutropenic enterocolitis in a patient treated with intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia Clostridium septicum septicemia with identical metastatic myonecroses in a granulocytopenic patient Incidence and significance of Clostridium difficile in hospitalized cancer patients Clostridium difficile in haematological malignancy Epidemiology and prevention of Clostridium difficile infection in a leukemia unit The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile with use of a typing scheme: nosocomial acquisition and cross-infection among immunocompromised patients Clostridium difficile infection in patients with neutropenia Toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system Hyperinfection syndrome with strongyloidiasis New b-lactams: new problems for the internist Bacteremia due to Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia: a prospective multicenter study of 91 episodes Opportunistic mycoses in the immunocompromised host: experience at a cancer center and review Cutaneous lesions in disseminated candidiasis mimicking ecthyma gangrenosum Pseudomonas bacteremia: retrospective analysis of 410 episodes Intradermal bullous dermatitis due candidiasis in an immunocompromised patient Atypical bullous pyoderma gangrenosum associated with myeloid malignancies Sweet's syndrome and malignancy Concomitant illness in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease Disseminated varicella at autopsy in children with cancer Varicella zoster virus infections: biology, natural history, treatment and prevention Ultrasound screening for internal jugular vein thrombosis aids the detection of central venous catheter-related infections in patients with haemato-oncological diseases: a prospective observational study Periodontal infections in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: prevalence of acute exacerbations Oral infections and fever in immunocompromised patients with haematologic malignancies Anaerobic bacteremia in a cancer center Infections with herpes simplex viruses Respiratory disease in the immunosuppressed patient Potential sites of infection that develop in febrile neutropenic patients Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in cancer patients Successful intermittent chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in hospitalized adult patients with leukemia Community respiratory virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients Pseudomonas septicemia: incidence, epidemiology, prevention and therapy in patients with advanced cancer Epidemiology and outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia, with special emphasis in the influence of antibiotic treatment. A European Organization for Research and treatment of Cancer-International Antimicrobial Therapy Group Study of secondary infections in febrile, neutropenic patients with cancer Empiric antibiotic and antifungal therapy for cancer patients with prolonged fever and granulocytopenia Empiric antifungal therapy in febrile neutropenic patients International conference for the development of a consensus on the management and prevention of severe candidal infections Micafungin Invasive Candidiasis Working Group et al (2007) Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: a randomised non-inferiority trial Echinocandins -first-choice or first-line therapy for invasive candidiasis? Detection of circulating candida enolase by immunoassay in patients with cancer and invasive candidiasis Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay compared with Pastorex latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients Fungal infections in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants: results of the SEIFEM B-2004 study -Sorveglianza Epidemiologica Infezioni Fungine nelle Empatie Maligne Clinical evaluation and reproducibility of the Pastorex Aspergillus antigen latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis Galactomannan and computed tomography-based preemptive antifungal therapy in neutropenic patients at risk of invasive fungal infection: a prospective feasibility study Between over-and undertreatment of invasive fungal disease Presumptive treatment strategy for aspergillosis in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Imaging findings in acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical significance of the halo sign Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute leukemia: characteristics findings on CT, the CT halo sign, and the role of CT in early diagnosis Improved management of invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis in neutropenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan and surgery Epidemiology and outcome of mould infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Zygomycosis in a tertiarycare cancer center in the era of Aspergillus-active antifungal therapy: a casecontrol observational study of 27 recent cases Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia AmBiLoad


id: cord-257460-e6anaxck
author: Mostov, Perry D.
date: 2007-05-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7115
sentence: 309
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-257460-e6anaxck.txt
txt: txt/cord-257460-e6anaxck.txt
title:
  Treating the Immunocompetent Patient Who Presents with an Upper Respiratory Infection: Pharyngitis, Sinusitis, and Bronchitis

summary:
  Characteristics of illness and antibody response Use of symptoms, signs, and blood tests to diagnose acute sinus infections in primary care: comparison with computed tomography Clinical evaluation for sinusitis. Making the diagnosis by history and physical examination Predicting acute maxillary sinusitis in a general practice population Analysis of symptoms and clinical signs in the maxillary sinus empyema Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of penicillin V and amoxicillin in treatment of acute sinus infections in adults Antibiotic treatment of patients with mucosal thickening in the paranasal sinuses, and validation of cut-off points in sinus CT Incidental paranasal sinus abnormalities on CT of children: clinical correlation The role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with sinusitis with complications Does amoxicillin improve outcomes in patients with purulent rhinorrhea?


id: cord-281188-0cql96hu
author: Baquero, Fernando
title: Proximate and ultimate causes of the bactericidal action of antibiotics
date: 2020-10-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8718
sentence: 282
flesch: 26
cache: cache/cord-281188-0cql96hu.txt
txt: txt/cord-281188-0cql96hu.txt
summary:
  As in the case for the cell wall, a disbalance in physiological proteolytic processes of the cell might result in membrane alteration and cell death 70, 71 . Extensive DNA damage can induce a special mode of cell death.


id: cord-306600-cxz8hf9q
author: Matarazzo, Laura
date: 2019-04-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6572
sentence: 244
flesch: 28
cache: cache/cord-306600-cxz8hf9q.txt
txt: txt/cord-306600-cxz8hf9q.txt
title:
  Therapeutic Synergy Between Antibiotics and Pulmonary Toll-Like Receptor 5 Stimulation in Antibiotic-Sensitive or -Resistant Pneumonia

summary:
  Flagellin treatment alone decreased bacterial counts in the lungs by 5.6-fold, whereas AMX treatments decreased bacterial counts by 3.7-fold (for a dose of 100 µg) and 74.6-fold (for a dose of 350 µg). These results show a significant therapeutic advantage for the combination treatment, relative to standalone AMX or flagellin treatments ( Figure 4B) .


id: cord-312266-hnbgaxft
author: Krishnamurthy, A.
title: Current therapeutics and prophylactic approaches to treat pneumonia
date: 2016-08-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6453
sentence: 233
flesch: 24
cache: cache/cord-312266-hnbgaxft.txt
txt: txt/cord-312266-hnbgaxft.txt
summary:
  Over recent years, a better understanding of bacterial growth, metabolism, and virulence has offered several potential targets for developing therapeutics against bacterial pneumonia. This chapter will discuss the current and developing trends in treating bacterial pneumonia.


id: cord-351231-aoz5jbf1
author: Bartlett, John G.
title: Why Infectious Diseases
date: 2014-09-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5512
sentence: 226
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-351231-aoz5jbf1.txt
txt: txt/cord-351231-aoz5jbf1.txt
summary:
  So it is with the discipline of infectious diseases. As with all medical specialties, infectious diseases has unique features that are important to highlight: Among medical specialties, this one is consistently changing, often unpredictable, usually exciting, and incredibly rewarding for health impact.


id: cord-333950-e0hd3iuu
author: Maillard, Jean-Yves
date: 2020-04-18
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5540
sentence: 201
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-333950-e0hd3iuu.txt
txt: txt/cord-333950-e0hd3iuu.txt
title:
  Reducing antibiotic prescribing and addressing the global problem of antibiotic resistance by targeted hygiene in the home and everyday life settings: A Position Paper

summary:
  It presents evidence that home and community settings are important for infection transmission and also the acquisition and spread of AMR. Although care of increasing numbers of patients in the community, including at home can help alleviate over-burdened health systems, it can be undermined by inadequate infection control in the home and urgent focus is now needed on infection transmission in homes and community settings in addition to healthcare settings.


id: cord-021419-nypnib0h
author: Olsufyeva, Evgenia N.
title: Main trends in the design of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation
date: 2020-03-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 16294
sentence: 731
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt
txt: txt/cord-021419-nypnib0h.txt
summary:
  Different approaches to the search for new compounds were developed in recent years. Such comprehensive studies can lead to the design and synthesis of new-generation drugs, which would be more effective than the starting antibiotics and which are of theoretical interest as new compounds with high biological activity.


id: cord-297216-1b99hm1e
author: Sariola, Salla
date: 2020-05-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9374
sentence: 403
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-297216-1b99hm1e.txt
txt: txt/cord-297216-1b99hm1e.txt
title:
  Toward a Symbiotic Perspective on Public Health: Recognizing the Ambivalence of Microbes in the Anthropocene

summary:
  In a global perspective, public health has played major roles in structuring how microbes are perceived, cultivated, and destroyed. We propose a perspective on public health that recognizes microbial evolution through symbiotic associations (the hologenome theory) and through lateral gene transfer.


id: cord-286574-t9z2ynt5
title: Speaker presentations
date: 2017-09-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 14868
sentence: 621
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-286574-t9z2ynt5.txt
txt: txt/cord-286574-t9z2ynt5.txt
summary:
  Increased mortality and morbidity in resistant infections is due to treatment failure of antibiotic therapy which is associated with bacterial fitness, greater severity of underlying illness, delays in initiating effective therapy and lack of effective therapy (Friedman et al. 2016) . In this study, emticitrabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF or Truvada ® ) safely achieved a 44% per-protocol reduction in new HIV infections.


id: cord-322915-zrjx31ev
author: Demain, Arnold L
title: Microbial drug discovery: 80 years of progress
date: 2009-01-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 11264
sentence: 563
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-322915-zrjx31ev.txt
txt: txt/cord-322915-zrjx31ev.txt
summary:
  Furthermore, reports have been published on natural product inhibitors of HIV integrase obtained from among the marine ascidian alkaloids; that is, the lamellarins (produced by the mollusk Lamellaria sp.), and from terrestrial plants (Baccharis genistelloides and Achyrocline satureioides). The FAM (5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, mitomycin C) and SMF (streptozotocin, mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil) chemotherapy regimens Mitomycin dimers: polyfunctional cross-linkers of DNA Identification of two genes from Streptomyces argillaceus encoding glycosyltransferases involved in transfer of a disaccharide during biosynthesis of the antitumor drug mithramycin GLUT2 in pancreatic islets: crucial target molecule in diabetes induced with multiple low doses of streptozotocin in mice Improved production of pentostatin and identification of fermentation cometabolites Pentostatin in T-non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: efficacy and effect on CD26+ T lymphocytes Cleavage behavior of calicheamicin gamma 1 and calicheamicin T Approval summary: gemtuzumab ozogamicin in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia Study on the preparation and regeneration of protoplast from taxol-producing fungus Nodulisporium sylviforme Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years Epothilons A and B: antifungal and cytotoxic compounds from Sorangium cellulosum (Myxobacteria): production, physico-chemical and biological properties Epothilones, a new class of microtubulestabilizing agents with a taxol-like mechanism of action Activities of the microtubule-stabilizing agents epothilones A and B with purified tubulin and in cells resistant to paclitaxel (Taxol)


id: cord-281836-j1r771nq
author: Hernando-Amado, Sara
date: 2020-08-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 14100
sentence: 366
flesch: 18
cache: cache/cord-281836-j1r771nq.txt
txt: txt/cord-281836-j1r771nq.txt
title:
  Antibiotic Resistance: Moving From Individual Health Norms to Social Norms in One Health and Global Health

summary:
  Indeed, it has been described that drinking water is a relevant vehicle for the spread of ARBs in different countries (Walsh et al., 2011; Fernando et al., 2016) and that raw wastewater irrigation used for urban agriculture may increase the abundance of mobile ARGs in the irrigated soil (Bougnom et al., 2020) . Consequently, besides a Global Health problem, AR has an important economic impact (Rudholm, 2002) , hence constituting a Global Development Problem, endangering not only the achievements toward the Millennium Development Goals but also the Sustainable Development Goals (van der Heijden et al., 2019).


id: cord-346308-9h2fk9qt
author: Kaur, Rajwinder
title: Microbiology of hospital wastewater
date: 2020-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 14679
sentence: 548
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-346308-9h2fk9qt.txt
txt: txt/cord-346308-9h2fk9qt.txt
summary:
  and Enterobacteriaceae in sewage Hospital wastewater releases of carbapenem-resistance pathogens and genes in urban India Assessment of antibiotic-and disinfectant-resistant bacteria in hospital wastewater, south Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study Antibiotic susceptibilities of Enterococcus species isolated from hospital and domestic wastewater effluents in Alice, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in hospital effluents Insights into the relationship between antimicrobial residues and bacterial populations in a hospital-urban wastewater treatment plant system Influence of hospital wastewater discharged from University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) Multiresistance, beta-lactamaseencoding genes and bacterial diversity in hospital wastewater in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Enumeration and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli bacteria in effluent from municipal, hospital, and secondary treatment facility sources Antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from hospital wastewater in Vietnam Antibiotic resistant bacteria in hospital wastewaters and sewage treatment plants Dissemination of antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant S aureus strains isolated from hospital effluents Detection of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in hospital effluents and in the sewage treatment station of Goiânia Brazil Antimicrobial resistance of 3 types of gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospital surfaces and the hands of health care workers Abundance of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial community composition in wastewater effluents from different Romanian hospitals Vancomycin resistant enterococci: from the hospital effluent to the urban wastewater treatment plant The role of aquatic ecosystems as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance Environmental dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and correlation to anthropogenic contamination with antibiotics Occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in hospital and urban wastewaters and their impact on the receiving river Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes spread into the environment: a review Levels of antibiotic resistance genes in manure, biosolids, and fertilized soil Epidemiology of resistance to antibiotics: links between animals and humans Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in source and drinking water samples from a first nation community in Canada Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in drinking water treatment and distribution systems Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance, World Health Organization Society's failure to protect a precious resource: antibiotics Hospital effluents are one of several sources of metal, antibiotic resistance genes, and bacterial markers disseminated in Sub-Saharan urban rivers Identifying antimicrobial resistance genes with DNA microarrays Evidence of increasing antibiotic resistance gene abundances in archived soils since 1940 Antibiotic resistance genes in water environment Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and their relationship with antibiotics in the Huangpu River and the drinking water sources Multiple drug resistance and biocide resistance in Escherichia coli environmental isolates from hospital and household settings Wastewater treatment plant resistomes are shaped by bacterial composition, genetic exchange, and upregulated expression in the effluent microbiomes Tackling antibiotic resistance: the environmental framework Screening methods for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes present in bacterial isolates and the microbiota Culture-based methods for detection of antibiotic resistance in agroecosystems: advantages, challenges, and gaps in knowledge Insights into antibiotic resistance through metagenomic approaches Molecular evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility:


id: cord-292094-vmsdhccp
author: Mandell, Lionel A.
date: 2007-03-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 28417
sentence: 1276
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-292094-vmsdhccp.txt
txt: txt/cord-292094-vmsdhccp.txt
title:
  Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults

summary:
  A statewide initiative to improve the care of hospitalized pneumonia patients: The Connecticut Pneumonia Pathway Project Implementation of an evidencebased guideline to reduce duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy and length of stay for patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized controlled trial Improving the quality of care for patients with pneumonia in very small hospitals Early mobilization of patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia A comparison of enoxaparin with placebo for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients. For other patients with CAP, the recommendations for diagnostic testing focus on patients in whom the diagnostic yield is thought to be greatest.


id: cord-027860-s97hdhh6
author: Zeimet, Anthony
title: Infectious Diseases
date: 2020-06-22
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 28951
sentence: 1496
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-027860-s97hdhh6.txt
txt: txt/cord-027860-s97hdhh6.txt
summary:
  Management of such patients should be coordinated with an infectious diseases specialist, who also should manage drug-resistant TB treatment. Single positive blood culture for Coxiella burnetii or anti-phase 1 IgG antibody titer >1:800 Echocardiogram positive for IE (TEE recommended for patients with prosthetic valves, rated at least possible IE by clinical criteria, or complicated IE [paravalvular abscess]; TTE as first test in other patients) defined as follows: oscillating intracardiac mass on valve or supporting structures, in the path of regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an alternative anatomic explanation; or abscess; or new partial dehiscence of prosthetic valve; new valvular regurgitation (worsening or changing or preexisting murmur not sufficient) Predisposition, predisposing heart condition, or IDU Fever, temperature >38° C Vascular phenomena, major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhages, and Janeway's lesions Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler's nodes, Roth's spots, and rheumatoid factor Microbiologic evidence: positive blood culture but does not meet a major criterion as noted above * or serological evidence of active infection with organism consistent with IE Echocardiographic minor criteria eliminated Echocardiography should be performed in all patients with suspected infective endocarditis (Baddour et al., 2005)


# ent

id: cord-295605-c6z9n3ij
sid: 16
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  exploramos los patrones de prescripción de los médicos en trinidad norte para el tratamiento de infecciones del tracto superior respiratorio (urti) en pacientes


id: cord-304972-aktfbriw
sid: 259
eid: 1
type: PERSON
entity:
  kits validación de una prueba antigénica rápida en el diagnóstico de la faringitis causada por el estreptococo beta-hemolítico del grupo


id: cord-304972-aktfbriw
sid: 269
eid: 3
type: ORG
entity:
  complicaciones de las infecciones orales y faríngeas libro virtual de formación en orl guia d'actuació farmacèutica en


id: cord-021158-075vh5jg
sid: 422
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
  revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine abattre ou vacciner : la france et le royaume-uni en lutte contre


id: cord-021158-075vh5jg
sid: 431
eid: 2
type: ORG
entity:
  l'individualisation du travail des éleveurs observatoire national démographique de la profession vétérinaire


