item: #1 of 107 id: cord-000255-73nlxqgk author: Hosseini, Parviez title: Predictive Power of Air Travel and Socio-Economic Data for Early Pandemic Spread date: 2010-09-15 words: 4022 flesch: 44 summary: Such that eventually we may be able to predict viral emergence and develop vaccines against pandemic influenza viruses in advance of their spread. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that strategies to prevent pandemic influenza virus emergence and spread in the future should include: 1) enhanced surveillance for strains resulting from reassortment in traded livestock; 2) rapid deployment of control measures in the initial spreading phase to countries where travel data predict the pathogen will reach and to countries where lower healthcare resources will likely cause delays in reporting. keywords: countries; data; h1n1; healthcare; influenza; pandemic; spread; virus cache: cord-000255-73nlxqgk.txt plain text: cord-000255-73nlxqgk.txt item: #2 of 107 id: cord-016508-39glgeft author: Possas, Cristina title: Vaccines: Biotechnology Market, Coverage, and Regulatory Challenges for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals date: 2019-06-13 words: 6598 flesch: 32 summary: One of the major gaps in vaccine innovation, particularly affecting the development of new vaccines against emerging and neglected diseases, is related to the inability of scientists to explain the diversity of individual immune responses and clinical outcomes to the same vaccine and how this diversity relates to innate and acquired immunity. Pfizer is expected to increase its participation in the market in the next decade due to the success of its pneumococcal vaccine Prevnar 13 and increasing investments in vaccine development. keywords: access; countries; development; diseases; global; goals; health; innovation; market; patent; public; system; vaccine; world cache: cord-016508-39glgeft.txt plain text: cord-016508-39glgeft.txt item: #3 of 107 id: cord-016593-t0dn27bc author: Spring, Úrsula Oswald title: Food as a New Human and Livelihood Security Challenge date: 2009 words: 14441 flesch: 44 summary: These recommendations have directly linked 'food security' 3 to the wider concept of 'human security' 4 (Brauch 2008; Oswald 2008b, 2008d; Brauch/Oswald/ Mesjasz/Grin/Dunay/Behera/Chourou/Kameri-Mbote/ Liotta 2008). 'Freedom from want' requires sufficient food ('food security') and water ('water security'), and both are key demands of any human security concept as a necessity for survival, and thus it has become a basic human right. keywords: access; cent; concept; countries; fao; food; food production; food security; food sovereignty; health; hunger; land; life; model; new; people; poor; process; production; right; water; women; world cache: cord-016593-t0dn27bc.txt plain text: cord-016593-t0dn27bc.txt item: #4 of 107 id: cord-017334-u1brl2bi author: Annandale, Ellen title: Society, Differentiation and Globalisation date: 2017-07-21 words: 8260 flesch: 46 summary: This occasioned the setting up of the Global Health Security Initiative, an international partnership between several countries, including Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the UK and the US, intended to supplement and strengthen their preparedness to respond to threats to global health, not only in regard to terrorism, but also pandemic infection and bio-chemical warfare. Cambridge: Polity Past horrors, present struggles: The role of stigma in the association between war experiences and psychosocial adjustment among former child soldiers in Sierra Leone Rethinking modernity: Postcolonialism and the sociological imagination Critical interventions in global health: Governmentality, risk and assemblage For public sociology Fames of war: When is life grievable? keywords: children; conflict; countries; global; globalisation; health; healthcare; migrants; national; people; security; social; society; systems; war; women; world cache: cord-017334-u1brl2bi.txt plain text: cord-017334-u1brl2bi.txt item: #5 of 107 id: cord-017554-yvx1gyp9 author: Martin, Susan F. title: Forced Migration and Refugee Policy date: 2017-09-15 words: 14665 flesch: 41 summary: They fall into three categories: (1) policies that permit migrants already on the territory of the destination country to remain for at least a temporary period; (2) policies to respond to new movements of people leaving either directly or indirectly as a result of the crisis; and (3) evacuation of citizens and selected others from crisis affected countries. The evacuations share many similarities with other forced migration situations. keywords: conflict; countries; country; crises; disasters; displacement; example; humanitarian; international; migrants; migration; people; persons; policies; protection; refugees; return; rights; states; unhcr cache: cord-017554-yvx1gyp9.txt plain text: cord-017554-yvx1gyp9.txt item: #6 of 107 id: cord-017615-zjr6csla author: Hillman, John R. title: Food Security in an Insecure Future date: 2016-11-25 words: 9985 flesch: 32 summary: Poor countries are usually unable to defend themselves from terrorists, and groups of terrorists may receive covert support from other countries and agencies. Poor countries may form the battlefield for fighting between different groups of terrorists. keywords: agriculture; aid; arab; climate; conflicts; countries; development; energy; food; food security; global; international; nations; people; poor; population; region; research; resources; security; systems; water; world cache: cord-017615-zjr6csla.txt plain text: cord-017615-zjr6csla.txt item: #7 of 107 id: cord-017731-xzfo5jjq author: Todd, Ewen C. D. title: Foodborne Disease in the Middle East date: 2016-11-25 words: 25397 flesch: 48 summary: key: cord-017731-xzfo5jjq authors: Todd, Ewen C. D. title: Foodborne Disease in the Middle East date: 2016-11-25 journal: Water, Energy & Food Sustainability in the Middle East DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48920-9_17 sha: doc_id: 17731 cord_uid: xzfo5jjq Food safety is a concern worldwide and according to the World Health Organization, developing countries are probably more at risk of foodborne illness because many of these, including those in the Middle East, have limited disease surveillance and prevention and control strategies. Research has been focused on microbial contamination of locally-sold foodstuffs and manager and employee knowledge of food safety and hygienic conditions in food preparation establishments. keywords: associated; cases; chicken; children; contamination; control; countries; country; diarrhea; disease; east; egypt; et al; food; food handlers; food poisoning; food safety; foodborne; handlers; health; hepatitis; hospital; illness; illnesses; iraq; lebanon; meat; middle; milk; ministry; outbreak; pakistan; people; practices; products; public; region; restaurants; salmonella; samples; seeds; symptoms; turkey; water; year cache: cord-017731-xzfo5jjq.txt plain text: cord-017731-xzfo5jjq.txt item: #8 of 107 id: cord-021492-z2bjkl9g author: Brossman, Charles title: Planning for known and unknown risks date: 2016-04-15 words: 18770 flesch: 49 summary: Prior to 2001, business travelers thought nothing of being able to walk into an airport and meet their loved ones at their arrival gate. In some countries, lack of planning or resources to support business travelers has the potential to be grounds for claims of negligence in a company's duty of care responsibilities, and can lead to a criminal offense, such as with the United Kingdom's (UK) Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act of 2007. keywords: business; care; companies; company; countries; country; coverage; crisis; data; duty; employees; employer; health; information; insurance; international; management; organization; pandemic; people; place; resources; risk; security; services; situation; support; time; travel; travelers; trip; world cache: cord-021492-z2bjkl9g.txt plain text: cord-021492-z2bjkl9g.txt item: #9 of 107 id: cord-021937-p9vqpazu author: Tsai, Theodore F. title: Immunization in the Asia-Pacific Region date: 2017-07-17 words: 9483 flesch: 25 summary: In China, vaccine recommendations are made through the National Centers for Disease Control based on recommendations of the Chinese Expert Committee on EPI under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; however, provincial or local Centers for Disease Control may issue independent recommendations for specific vaccines or modify the national recommendation for routine vaccines (see Tables 75.1 key: cord-021937-p9vqpazu authors: Tsai, Theodore F.; Rao, Raman D.S.V.; Xu, Zhi Yi title: Immunization in the Asia-Pacific Region date: 2017-07-17 journal: Plotkin's Vaccines DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35761-6.00075-4 sha: doc_id: 21937 cord_uid: p9vqpazu nan and inactivated Vero cell-derived JE vaccines from China, Japan, and Korea, regionally; live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine from China, regionally; live attenuated and inactivated pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccines from India and China, internationally; and oral cholera vaccine from Vietnam, internationally). keywords: asia; cases; china; control; countries; development; disease; health; immunization; india; japan; manufacturers; national; new; public; region; vaccination; vaccine; virus; years cache: cord-021937-p9vqpazu.txt plain text: cord-021937-p9vqpazu.txt item: #10 of 107 id: cord-022176-hprwqi4n author: Löscher, Thomas title: Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases date: 2009-07-28 words: 8292 flesch: 41 summary: Since then, several outbreaks of Nipah virus infections have been observed in Asian countries: Singapore in 1999, India 2001 , and Bangladesh since 2003 (WHO 2004a Harit et al. 2006) . WHO Regional Office for Europe Altitudinal distribution limit of the tick Ixodes ricinus shifted considerably towards higher altitudes in central Europe: results of three years monitoring in the Krkonose Mts Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection 1999: results of a household-based seroepidemiological survey Outbreak of West Nile virus infection Novel chikungunya virus variant in travelers returning from Indian Ocean islands Isolation of a cDNA from the virus responsible for enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis Infection with Chikungunya virus in Italy: an outbreak in a temperate region Waldarbeiter-Studie Berlin-Brandenburg 2000 zu zeckenübertragenen und andere Zoonosen Risikofaktoren für Lyme-Borreliose: Ergebnisse einer Studie in einem Brandenburger Landkreis übertrifft die Infektionszahlen der Vorjahre Zahl der Hantavirus-Erkrankungen erreichte 2007 in Deutschland einen neuen Höchststand Prevalence and determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection in preschool children: a population-based study from Germany Hantaviruses: a global disease problem Safety and efficacy of a recombinant hepatitis E vaccine Tick-borne diseases in the United States The National Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit (NCJDSU) Marburg virus infection detected in a common African bat Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes: worldwide emergence Multiple exposures during a norovirus outbreak on a river-cruise sailing through Europe Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in Hamburg blood donors Nipah virus outbreaks in Bangladesh Revision of the International Health regulations Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24 179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study Large outbreak of norovirus: The baker who should have known better Epidemiology of drugresistant malaria Nipah virus infection in bats (order Chiroptera) in peninsular Malaysia keywords: cases; control; countries; disease; epidemics; health; infections; new; outbreaks; patients; resistance; spread; transmission; treatment; united; virus; years cache: cord-022176-hprwqi4n.txt plain text: cord-022176-hprwqi4n.txt item: #11 of 107 id: cord-023853-y5g4ceq9 author: Affolder, Rebecca title: Global Immunization Challenge: Progress and Opportunities date: 2009-05-18 words: 7961 flesch: 40 summary: AMCs speed the development of new vaccines by enabling biotech and pharmaceutical companies to successfully invest in vaccine development (IAVI 2005) . A gap in the routine immunization schedules for children in developed and developing countries emerged as new vaccines, including those for hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib), varicella, pneumococcal, meningococcal, and combination formulations became a routine part of the immunization schedule for children and adolescents in high-income countries (Hardon and Blume 2005) . keywords: access; alliance; children; countries; debt; development; disease; finance; financing; gavi; health; immunization; market; new; vaccines; world cache: cord-023853-y5g4ceq9.txt plain text: cord-023853-y5g4ceq9.txt item: #12 of 107 id: cord-023993-rncleqqy author: Ramírez, J. Martín title: Long-Lasting Solutions to the Problem of Migration in Europe date: 2020-03-12 words: 11279 flesch: 49 summary: (c) the Visegrad countries (V4) -Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakiaplus Baltics (Latvia and Lithuania) and some recent addings (at least, Austria, and partially Italy), call for reform, and refuse to consider any binding sharing 15 In 2017, Germany received 222.560 applications, almost double that of any other EU country, requesting the return of 64.267 refugees to other EU countries, but only managed to execute 15% of the returns of asylum seekers requesting from the EU. By way of example, there is a positive counter-terrorism cooperation carried out by several EU countries working closely with Northern Africa on security, providing training and equipment for counter-terrorism and conducting some joint operations. keywords: africa; asylum; borders; control; countries; country; europe; european; flows; migrants; migration; new; origin; people; policy; problem; refugees; sea; security; seekers; state; transit cache: cord-023993-rncleqqy.txt plain text: cord-023993-rncleqqy.txt item: #13 of 107 id: cord-027905-edb9yozz author: Narula, Rajneesh title: Policy opportunities and challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic for economies with large informal sectors date: 2020-06-25 words: 5438 flesch: 40 summary: I focus on the urban component of informality, where both informal employment and informal enterprises are especially vulnerable to the pandemic-induced economic shock. Large firms (whether MNEs or domestic firms) sub-contract considerable activity to informal enterprises, but this is precarious in character. keywords: actors; countries; covid-19; crisis; economy; enterprises; firms; informality; pandemic; sector; workers cache: cord-027905-edb9yozz.txt plain text: cord-027905-edb9yozz.txt item: #14 of 107 id: cord-027960-qzg2jsz6 author: Royo, Sebastián title: From Boom to Bust: The Economic Crisis in Spain 2008–2013 date: 2020-06-28 words: 7531 flesch: 51 summary: The overall pattern of Spanish economic history has been described, crudely, as a graph shaped like an upside-down version of the letter 'V'. As we have seen, much of Spain growth during the 2000s was based on the domestic sector and particularly on an unsustainable reliance on construction. keywords: countries; country; crisis; economy; european; gdp; government; growth; result; sector; spain; spanish cache: cord-027960-qzg2jsz6.txt plain text: cord-027960-qzg2jsz6.txt item: #15 of 107 id: cord-028627-22d90q83 author: Kobrin, Stephen J. title: How globalization became a thing that goes bump in the night date: 2020-07-06 words: 4323 flesch: 39 summary: As noted above, unlike Lord Keynes, the majority of the population most likely does not spend time marveling at the fact that global economic integration provides a vast cornucopia of goods at an affordable price. It has emphasized the dangers rather than the benefits of efficient linkages between markets, laying bare the dangers of complex global supply chains where any node can become a “choke point”, and the risks of overspecialization or the concentration of technological knowledge and/or production capacity in a single country or region. keywords: century; countries; country; covid-19; globalization; pandemic; production; supply; trade; world cache: cord-028627-22d90q83.txt plain text: cord-028627-22d90q83.txt item: #16 of 107 id: cord-029981-1jk9mp8r author: Zhang, Cheng title: COVID-19 Pandemic with Human Mobility Across Countries date: 2020-08-03 words: 5946 flesch: 36 summary: The unit of analysis in this study is the number of confirmed infections in country i on day t. At the beginning of the epidemic, every country had zero infection and human mobility was unrestricted between countries. The unit of our analysis is the number of confirmed infections in country i on day t. Given the spatial nature of this research, we develop a dynamic network model based on the spatial-temporal features [15, 16] to examine the extent to which the number of newly confirmed infections in each country is correlated with the cumulative number of infections in each of the remaining 21 countries, by taking into account (1) the mobility volume between countries, (2) the introduction of inter-country travel restriction policies targeting different countries at different time point, and (3) internal movement restriction within each country. keywords: countries; country; epidemic; mobility; new; period; restriction; travel cache: cord-029981-1jk9mp8r.txt plain text: cord-029981-1jk9mp8r.txt item: #17 of 107 id: cord-030926-vtids9ns author: Laxminarayan, Ramanan title: Trans-boundary commons in infectious diseases date: 2016-02-15 words: 5840 flesch: 39 summary: Despite the benefits of warnings and reports on infectious disease outbreaks, there are few incentives for countries to report disease outbreaks that occur within their borders. There is evidence that countries respond to external incentives on whether or not they report infectious disease outbreaks. keywords: costs; countries; country; disease; global; health; malaria; outbreak; reporting; resistance; surveillance cache: cord-030926-vtids9ns.txt plain text: cord-030926-vtids9ns.txt item: #18 of 107 id: cord-032256-7yrh16ab author: Susskind, Daniel title: The economics of the COVID-19 pandemic: an assessment date: 2020-08-29 words: 6485 flesch: 54 summary: He argues that the choice of numbers used to represent the 'value of lives saved' from COVID-19 interventions, more than likely, substantially understate the social benefits. Optimal Targeted Lockdowns in a Multi-Group SIR Model After the Lockdown: Macroeconomic Adjustment to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa The Initial Impact of COVID-19 and Policy Responses on Household Incomes International Cooperation During the COVID-19 Pandemic Relationship Between Clinical Signs and Transmission of an Infectious Disease and the Implications for Control A Workable Strategy for COVID-19 Testing: Stratified Periodic Testing rather than Universal Random Testing Reforming the UK Financial System to Promote Regional Development in Post-COVID Britain keywords: countries; covid-19; crisis; disease; instance; interventions; issue; pandemic; policy; world cache: cord-032256-7yrh16ab.txt plain text: cord-032256-7yrh16ab.txt item: #19 of 107 id: cord-032269-zhk5fyfc author: Gerard, François title: Social protection response to the COVID-19 crisis: options for developing countries date: 2020-08-29 words: 6358 flesch: 46 summary: In this context, developing country governments may be left with fewer options. Building on existing social assistance programmes, which reach a large share of households in many developing countries; 3. keywords: assistance; countries; crisis; e.g.; governments; health; households; income; insurance; programmes; public; workers cache: cord-032269-zhk5fyfc.txt plain text: cord-032269-zhk5fyfc.txt item: #20 of 107 id: cord-033356-ppn71yd0 author: Abbott, Frederick M title: Facilitating Access to Cross-Border Supplies of Patented Pharmaceuticals: The Case of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-09-28 words: 10043 flesch: 38 summary: The treaties administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 23 and the World Trade Organization (WTO) 24 clearly allow for the grant by governments of compulsory patent licenses, that is, licenses granted without consent of patent owners. One should not assume that like-minded countries would be limited to LMICs, given that there are a number of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries that have either issued compulsory patent licenses with respect to COVID-19 technologies or that have proposals to do so on the table. keywords: 31bis; agreement; article; compulsory; countries; governments; licenses; licensing; pharmaceutical; products; supply; treatments; trips; vaccines cache: cord-033356-ppn71yd0.txt plain text: cord-033356-ppn71yd0.txt item: #21 of 107 id: cord-033671-b7lg8099 author: Athreye, Suma title: Twenty-five years since TRIPS: Patent policy and international business date: 2020-10-12 words: 8879 flesch: 35 summary: We begin by providing a brief background on TRIPS, putting it in the historical context of international agreements on intellectual property (IP) and then looking at the logic of national patent policies, examining how policies may vary across countries, in theory, and reviewing literature that discusses the factors driving historical variation, in practice. We then look at the logic of national patent policies, examining how policies may vary across countries, in theory, and reviewing literature that discusses the factors driving historical variation, in practice. keywords: agreement; countries; ipr; knowledge; new; patent; policies; policy; property; property rights; protection; rights; rules; technology; trade; trips; world cache: cord-033671-b7lg8099.txt plain text: cord-033671-b7lg8099.txt item: #22 of 107 id: cord-034575-kio60itg author: Lafleur, Jean-Michel title: Do EU Member States Care About their Diasporas’ Access to Social Protection? A Comparison of Consular and Diaspora Policies across EU27 date: 2020-10-31 words: 11287 flesch: 29 summary: First, because of the different historical, political, and socio-economic contexts in which emigration from EU countries has taken place, this phenomenon is not equally salient across all Member States. In the case of EU countries, significant attention has also been paid to consular functions exercised by any EU Member State for EU citizens living in third countries in which their state of nationality is not represented. keywords: consular; countries; country; diaspora; institutions; member; nationals; non; policies; protection; social; states; welfare cache: cord-034575-kio60itg.txt plain text: cord-034575-kio60itg.txt item: #23 of 107 id: cord-035137-uxtaw02u author: Chowdhury, Anis Z. title: Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Developing Countries: Lessons from Selected Countries of the Global South date: 2020-11-10 words: 6831 flesch: 46 summary: Finally, it draws some implications of different policy responses in East Asia, Southeast Asia-especially Vietnam, and India's Kerala state-Argentina, Brazil and Peru, that are relevant for other countries. Earlier in April, President Trump, using a Korean War-era law, sought to redirect surgical masks manufactured by the US transnational firm 3M in other countries to the US, and to stop exporting masks manufactured by the company in the US (Swanson et al. 2020 ). keywords: countries; covid-19; distancing; government; health; kerala; lockdowns; masks; measures; pandemic; people; policy; ppe; vietnam; virus; world cache: cord-035137-uxtaw02u.txt plain text: cord-035137-uxtaw02u.txt item: #24 of 107 id: cord-128436-xndrlnav author: Granozio, Fabio Miletto title: Comparative analysis of the diffusion of Covid-19 infection in different countries date: 2020-03-18 words: 1940 flesch: 57 summary: By adopting a purely empirical approach, we will limit ourselves to identifying different phases in the plots of different countries, based on their different functional behaviour, and to make a comparative analysis. It is widely acknowledged that comparison of curves from different countries is made difficult by the different ways the detection of the virus is addressed. keywords: cases; countries; data; number cache: cord-128436-xndrlnav.txt plain text: cord-128436-xndrlnav.txt item: #25 of 107 id: cord-144860-a4i9vnjz author: Nason, Guy P. title: Rapidly evaluating lockdown strategies using spectral analysis: the cycles behind new daily COVID-19 cases and what happens after lockdown date: 2020-04-16 words: 3907 flesch: 55 summary: The nonparametric nature of our analysis also permits us to split case time series at a boundary (e.g. lockdown or other intervention) and analyse the two halves separately, still with very short series in each. Hence, we transform our number of daily cases series to reveal the spectral dynamics. keywords: cases; countries; daily; days; lockdown; series cache: cord-144860-a4i9vnjz.txt plain text: cord-144860-a4i9vnjz.txt item: #26 of 107 id: cord-171089-z4oya6kz author: Liu, Meijun title: Can pandemics transform scientific novelty? Evidence from COVID-19 date: 2020-09-26 words: 9635 flesch: 38 summary: We examine the association between monthly change in scientific novelty, parachuting collaboration ratio and international collaboration of coronavirus papers by 50 sampled countries and their status as a confirmed COVID-19 infection site from January 2018 to April 2020 by month. This study investigates the relationship between the country-level monthly change in scientific novelty regarding entity combination of coronavirus papers and the occurrence of the first COVID-19 case in the country in a given month from January 2018 to April 2020. keywords: case; collaboration; countries; country; covid-19; entities; entity; month; novelty; novelty score; papers; parachuting collaboration; research cache: cord-171089-z4oya6kz.txt plain text: cord-171089-z4oya6kz.txt item: #27 of 107 id: cord-234737-trshrh6f author: Notari, Alessio title: Temperature dependence of COVID-19 transmission date: 2020-03-27 words: 3030 flesch: 59 summary: The recent coronavirus pandemic follows in its early stages an almost exponential growth, with the number of cases quite well fit in time by $N(t)propto e^{alpha t}$, in many countries. The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is having a major effect in many countries, which needs to be faced with the highest degree of scrutiny. keywords: countries; dataset; fit; temperature; value cache: cord-234737-trshrh6f.txt plain text: cord-234737-trshrh6f.txt item: #28 of 107 id: cord-252244-y5w9hjy8 author: Loeffler-Wirth, H. title: Covid-19 trajectories: Monitoring pandemic in the worldwide context date: 2020-06-05 words: 7925 flesch: 44 summary: Comparative analysis between trajectories of different countries enables to judge different scenarios of NPIs, population size, and social factors. The paper is organized as follows: In the results section we introduce and illustrate the different trajectories and plots available in the monitoring tool by showing examples from different countries of the world, which are thought to serve as worked examples referring to the actual state of pandemic in the second half of May 2020. keywords: cases; countries; covid-19; epidemic; figure; license; medrxiv; numbers; preprint; rate; trajectories; transmission cache: cord-252244-y5w9hjy8.txt plain text: cord-252244-y5w9hjy8.txt item: #29 of 107 id: cord-254234-8w1z3un6 author: Ahmed, Shahira A. title: Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis: The Perspective from the Gulf Countries date: 2020-09-18 words: 14425 flesch: 38 summary: Saudi Arabia has the highest number of reported Cryptosporidium infections in humans with a significant p-value < 0.05 in comparison to the rest of the GCC countries. Saudi Arabia has the highest number of reported Cryptosporidium infections in humans with a significant p-value < 0.05 in comparison to the rest of the GCC countries. keywords: animals; arabia; burden; children; cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; cryptosporidium infection; cryptosporidium oocysts; diarrhoea; food; gcc countries; gulf; health; infection; kuwait; oocysts; parasites; prevalence; region; risk; saudi; studies; study; water cache: cord-254234-8w1z3un6.txt plain text: cord-254234-8w1z3un6.txt item: #30 of 107 id: cord-254620-xcblqg4z author: Harmon, Shawn H.E. title: Immunization governance: Mandatory immunization in 28 Global NITAG Network countries() date: 2020-09-26 words: 5814 flesch: 38 summary: key: cord-254620-xcblqg4z authors: Harmon, Shawn H.E.; Faour, David E.; MacDonald, Noni E.; Graham, Janice E.; Steffen, Christoph; Henaff, Louise; Shendale, Stephanie title: Immunization governance: Mandatory immunization in 28 Global NITAG Network countries() date: 2020-09-26 journal: Vaccine DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.053 sha: doc_id: 254620 cord_uid: xcblqg4z International trends currently favour greater use of mandatory immunization. Mandatory immunization currently exists in only two Canadian provinces (Ontario and New Brunswick; previously, Manitoba also had mandatory immunization). keywords: approach; countries; exemptions; health; immunization; income; mandates; medical; national; survey; vaccination; vaccines cache: cord-254620-xcblqg4z.txt plain text: cord-254620-xcblqg4z.txt item: #31 of 107 id: cord-254737-pv68fb7d author: Imtyaz, Ayman title: Analysing governmental response to the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-08-14 words: 3416 flesch: 59 summary: Unlike other countries in the top cases list, Sweden did not implement a lockdown. Much like other countries in Africa, South Africa also has a large proportion of young people who may help offset the mortality rate. keywords: cases; countries; data; mortality; rate; testing; virus cache: cord-254737-pv68fb7d.txt plain text: cord-254737-pv68fb7d.txt item: #32 of 107 id: cord-254874-ug0ler5e author: Ramos-Rincón, José M. title: A snapshot of pneumonia research activity and collaboration patterns (2001–2015): a global bibliometric analysis date: 2019-09-05 words: 6275 flesch: 35 summary: [8, 9] , and finally, the increase in scientific production could be related to scientific development and international dissemination of scientific research in the WoS databases. For now at least, the countries that have traditionally occupied the mainstream of scientific research still maintain their hegemony [48] . keywords: analysis; collaboration; countries; documents; journals; mesh; pneumonia; production; publications; research; study; table cache: cord-254874-ug0ler5e.txt plain text: cord-254874-ug0ler5e.txt item: #33 of 107 id: cord-258885-ev2pvr3s author: Werth, Annette title: Impact analysis of COVID-19 responses on energy grid dynamics in Europe date: 2020-10-22 words: 4843 flesch: 46 summary: This procedure enabled a systematic determination of the interval of time to study how European countries modulated electrical energy generation, and transmission in order to balance for the reduced consumption. With this methodology, energy load, generation and international transmission were studied for 16 European countries, for which data were available, to understand how Europe's electric grid was affected by the epidemic. keywords: countries; country; covid-19; electricity; energy; generation; load; years cache: cord-258885-ev2pvr3s.txt plain text: cord-258885-ev2pvr3s.txt item: #34 of 107 id: cord-260826-1n96pz86 author: Shet, Anita title: Differential COVID-19-attributable mortality and BCG vaccine use in countries date: 2020-04-06 words: 2584 flesch: 30 summary: Recent non-peer reviewed work reported a similar negative association between BCG use and COVID-19 mortality 19 . We surmised that since susceptibility to COVID-19 infection extends to the entire population, crude national COVID-19-specific mortality within the country-specific population would be an informative outcome indicator to study differences in mortality patterns amongst countries, in addition to a priori defined potential exposure variables including BCG vaccine use in national immunization schedules. keywords: bcg; countries; covid-19; disease; mortality; population; preprint cache: cord-260826-1n96pz86.txt plain text: cord-260826-1n96pz86.txt item: #35 of 107 id: cord-263261-xhem8l39 author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: Bismarck and the Long Road to Universal Health Coverage date: 2018-03-30 words: 16280 flesch: 41 summary: Health care systems and financing are under pressure everywhere, not only to assure access to health for all citizens, but also to keep up with advancing medical technology, and contain the cost increase at sustainable levels. The foundations of public responsibility for health care systems go back to ancient Greece and Rome where city states employed municipal doctors to service the poor and slaves. keywords: access; care; cost; countries; coverage; development; government; health; health care; health insurance; health services; health systems; hospital; income; insurance; national; percent; population; public; services; social; states; systems; united; universal; world cache: cord-263261-xhem8l39.txt plain text: cord-263261-xhem8l39.txt item: #36 of 107 id: cord-265292-yyh1kikb author: Hossain, Liaquat title: Evolutionary longitudinal network dynamics of global zoonotic research date: 2015-03-18 words: 4250 flesch: 48 summary: Clustering and mapping VOSviewer 1.5.4 is used for displaying the structure of countries network. As such, it seems that after 2006 the community of collaborating countries is more focused on having more collaboration with other existing countries in the community and strengthening these collaborative relationships. Countries network measures and maps over time Table 4 demonstrates the measures of countries network in different periods. keywords: collaboration; countries; network; number; publications; research; united cache: cord-265292-yyh1kikb.txt plain text: cord-265292-yyh1kikb.txt item: #37 of 107 id: cord-268822-o86zpu92 author: Anser, Muhammad Khalid title: Communicable Diseases (Including COVID-19)—Induced Global Depression: Caused by Inadequate Healthcare Expenditures, Population Density, and Mass Panic date: 2020-08-18 words: 5514 flesch: 44 summary: Thus, the impact of COVID-19 in the given study is negatively impacting countries' economic growth that converts into a global depression. Thus, the impact of COVID-19 in the given study is negatively impacting countries' economic growth that converts into a global depression. keywords: communicable; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; diseases; global; growth; healthcare; pandemic; population; study; world cache: cord-268822-o86zpu92.txt plain text: cord-268822-o86zpu92.txt item: #38 of 107 id: cord-270969-zb6ih5dl author: Chongsuvivatwong, Virasakdi title: Health and health-care systems in southeast Asia: diversity and transitions date: 2011-01-25 words: 5894 flesch: 42 summary: In this first paper in the Lancet Series on health in southeast Asia, we present an overview of key demographic and epidemiological changes in the region, explore challenges facing health systems, and draw attention to the potential for regional collaboration in health. The diversity of geography and history, including social, cultural, and economic diff erences, have contributed to highly divergent health status and health systems across and within countries of southeast Asia. keywords: asia; care; countries; diseases; health; population; region; regional; services; singapore; southeast; systems; world cache: cord-270969-zb6ih5dl.txt plain text: cord-270969-zb6ih5dl.txt item: #39 of 107 id: cord-271153-c0aw6jkz author: Privor-Dumm, Lois title: Archetype analysis of older adult immunization decision-making and implementation in 34 countries date: 2020-05-27 words: 7748 flesch: 41 summary: Many of the countries in this archetype lack a strong NITAG for adult vaccine decisions, but exhibit some elements of the 'disease prevention archetype. Understanding the different approaches countries have taken on adult immunization could help provide future learnings and technical support for adult vaccines within life-course immunization strategies. keywords: adult; archetype; countries; country; data; decision; disease; health; immunization; implementation; making; vaccination; vaccine cache: cord-271153-c0aw6jkz.txt plain text: cord-271153-c0aw6jkz.txt item: #40 of 107 id: cord-272998-jx4xpbjl author: Alsan, Marcella title: The effect of population health on foreign direct investment inflows to low- and middle-income countries date: 2006-02-10 words: 7974 flesch: 48 summary: Many international agencies have made similar statements regarding the effect of health on FDI inflows. A large burden of infectious diseases might also dampen FDI inflows to a given locale if investors fear for their own health or that of their staff. keywords: capital; countries; country; economic; effect; fdi; health; human; income; inflows; investment; life; model; population cache: cord-272998-jx4xpbjl.txt plain text: cord-272998-jx4xpbjl.txt item: #41 of 107 id: cord-274548-yeucn13x author: Altobelli, Emma title: Lifestyle Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and National Diabetes Care Systems in European Countries date: 2020-09-13 words: 3819 flesch: 50 summary: The aim of this work is to highlight within EU-28 countries the distribution percentages of some lifestyle risk factors and some components of diabetes health care. For diabetes mellitus, this means a combination of programs The first quadrant includes the following countries and variables-Finland, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Sweden, Belgium, Austria, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, each showing a mortality rate below 25.0, diabetes <6%, stable mortality trend, and with diabetes care entrusted to general practitioners. keywords: care; countries; diabetes; european; health; mortality; national; presence; prevalence cache: cord-274548-yeucn13x.txt plain text: cord-274548-yeucn13x.txt item: #42 of 107 id: cord-275071-2uiaruhg author: Balmford, Ben title: Cross-Country Comparisons of Covid-19: Policy, Politics and the Price of Life date: 2020-08-04 words: 11187 flesch: 52 summary: The lowest estimates are further reduced once we correct for under-reporting of Covid-19 deaths. Accepting that they are a conservative estimate of the total impact of the pandemic, officially attributed Covid-19 deaths are used to investigate the price of life implied by lockdown policies. keywords: countries; country; covid-19; data; deaths; et al; gdp; life; lockdown; mortality; number; online; pandemic; policy; price cache: cord-275071-2uiaruhg.txt plain text: cord-275071-2uiaruhg.txt item: #43 of 107 id: cord-275395-w2u7fq1g author: Romero-Severson, Ethan Obie title: Change in global transmission rates of COVID-19 through May 6 2020 date: 2020-08-06 words: 4024 flesch: 52 summary: Most countries showed large decreases in transmission rates over time, and more than half of studied countries have transmission rates below the epidemic threshold. The model is then simulated forward for 21 days, assuming exponential growth with transmission rate χ 0 , which is taken at the initial state of the model at time zero. keywords: countries; data; deaths; model; rate; time; transmission cache: cord-275395-w2u7fq1g.txt plain text: cord-275395-w2u7fq1g.txt item: #44 of 107 id: cord-280747-k0x6rjdi author: Hashim, Muhammad Jawad title: Population Risk Factors for COVID-19 Mortality in 93 Countries date: 2020-09-17 words: 2620 flesch: 42 summary: We chose to analyze Case Mortality Rates (CMR) by country population, rather than by the number of test-positive cases (CFR), since the latter is dependent on the number of tests performed in each country and this varies enormously from country to country We aimed to study the variations in CMR against population risk factors such as aging, underlying chronic diseases and social determinants such as poverty and overcrowding. keywords: countries; covid-19; data; factors; population; rates; risk cache: cord-280747-k0x6rjdi.txt plain text: cord-280747-k0x6rjdi.txt item: #45 of 107 id: cord-281330-x8e9cz8a author: Mishra, Devanshu title: Analysing the behaviour of doubling rates in 8 major countries affected by COVID-19 virus date: 2020-08-14 words: 3533 flesch: 56 summary: Doubling time is the amount of period taken for a particular entity (that tends to grow over time) to double its size/value. A sudden dip in doubling time is due to a large gathering of people or not effective lockdown; thus, people's attitude contributes to an essential role in affecting the doubling time. keywords: cases; countries; country; rate; time; virus cache: cord-281330-x8e9cz8a.txt plain text: cord-281330-x8e9cz8a.txt item: #46 of 107 id: cord-284201-2ofqm7a0 author: Mate, Kedar title: Review of Health Systems of the Middle East and North Africa Region date: 2017-12-31 words: 6005 flesch: 41 summary: These achievements at a regional level mask significant disparities among and within countries; these disparities, along with ongoing demographic transitions and epidemiologic changes, pose significant equity and efficiency challenges for MENA health systems. This article is an analysis of MENA health systems and a review of issues facing them. keywords: care; challenges; countries; health; income; mena; middle; population; region; services; systems; world cache: cord-284201-2ofqm7a0.txt plain text: cord-284201-2ofqm7a0.txt item: #47 of 107 id: cord-284810-fs5rx07q author: Blasius, Bernd title: Power-law distribution in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases date: 2020-09-17 words: 7593 flesch: 49 summary: The motivation for this model design was not to predict the worldwide spread of COVID-19, but rather to quantitatively test the emergence of heterogeneous case distributions in a conceptual model framework that incorporates the ideas from Sec. We are able to explain the origin of this scaling behavior as a dual-scale process: the large-scale spread of the virus between countries and the small-scale accumulation of case numbers within each country. keywords: case; countries; country; covid-19; distribution; law; number; pandemic; power; scale; time cache: cord-284810-fs5rx07q.txt plain text: cord-284810-fs5rx07q.txt item: #48 of 107 id: cord-288818-6uvb4qsk author: Tanveer, Faouzia title: Ethics, pandemic and environment; looking at the future of low middle income countries date: 2020-10-15 words: 7005 flesch: 41 summary: World Health Organization US emergency legal responses to novel coronavirus: balancing public health and civil liberties Responding to COVID-19: how to navigate a public health emergency legally and ethically Combating COVID-19: health equity matters Ethical standards for research during public health emergencies: distilling existing guidance to support COVID-19 R&D: During a pandemic, standard crises care protocols should be developed by public health institutions to establish a systematic and evidence based procedure which ensures fair distribution of health care resources. keywords: care; cases; countries; cov-2; covid-19; data; health; information; pandemic; public; research; resources; response; sars; spread cache: cord-288818-6uvb4qsk.txt plain text: cord-288818-6uvb4qsk.txt item: #49 of 107 id: cord-290930-438td98a author: Lazcano-Ponce, Eduardo title: The Contribution of International Agencies to the Control of Communicable Diseases date: 2005-10-08 words: 4281 flesch: 29 summary: International infectious disease law: revision of the World Health Organization's International Health Regulations Globalization and disease: in an unequal world, unequal health A decade of child health research in developing countries The emergence of global disease control priorities Global public goods and health: taking the agenda forward Global health goals: lessons from the worldwide effort to eradicate poliomyelitis District health systems in a neoliberal world: a review of five key policy areas Communicable disease control: a 'Global Public Good' perspective A global health fund: a leap of faith? Globalization has had multiple repercussions on international health, including the dissemination of certain infectious and vector-borne diseases, greater reach for bioterrorism and new health behaviors, among others. keywords: communicable; control; countries; diseases; global; health; research; world cache: cord-290930-438td98a.txt plain text: cord-290930-438td98a.txt item: #50 of 107 id: cord-291234-rozpps6v author: Faye, C. title: A DISSYMMETRY IN THE FIGURES RELATED TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE WORLD: WHAT FACTORS EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AFRICA AND THE REST OF THE WORLD? date: 2020-05-22 words: 6829 flesch: 50 summary: The objective of this study is to relate the situation of Covid-19 in African countries with those of the countries most affected by the pandemic. The objective of this study is to relate the situation of Covid-19 in African countries with those of the countries most affected by the pandemic. keywords: cases; copyright; countries; covid-19; deaths; number; pandemic; population; preprint; variables; world cache: cord-291234-rozpps6v.txt plain text: cord-291234-rozpps6v.txt item: #51 of 107 id: cord-293145-b1rxh4bd author: Nouhjah, Sedigheh title: Challenges of diabetes care management in developing countries with a high incidence of COVID-19: A brief report date: 2020-05-19 words: 1563 flesch: 46 summary: key: cord-293145-b1rxh4bd authors: Nouhjah, Sedigheh; Jahanfar, Shayesteh title: Challenges of diabetes care management in developing countries with a high incidence of COVID-19: A brief report date: 2020-05-19 journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.012 sha: doc_id: 293145 cord_uid: b1rxh4bd BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Challenges of diabetes care management in developing countries with a high incidence of COVID-19: a brief report Highlights • COVID-19 pandemic may be a potentially diabetogenic situation and may worsen hyperglycemia and possibly diabetes-related complications • keywords: countries; covid-19; diabetes; patients cache: cord-293145-b1rxh4bd.txt plain text: cord-293145-b1rxh4bd.txt item: #52 of 107 id: cord-293599-ng002ydl author: Marques, António Cardoso title: The impact of foreign direct investment on emission reduction targets: evidence from high- and middle-income countries date: 2020-08-29 words: 7254 flesch: 41 summary: Countries with strict environmental regulations transfer their polluting industries to countries with more relaxed environmental laws, to avoid additional costs and taxes (Shahbaz et al., 2015) . However, countries that want to increase global access to technology, by transferring their green technologies to another country, will check the efficiency, and innovation capabilities of host countries. keywords: countries; emissions; energy; fdi; income; income countries; increase; middle; pollution; run cache: cord-293599-ng002ydl.txt plain text: cord-293599-ng002ydl.txt item: #53 of 107 id: cord-294468-0v4grqa7 author: Kasilingam, Dharun title: Exploring the Growth of COVID‐19 Cases using Exponential Modelling Across 42 Countries and Predicting Signs of Early Containment using Machine Learning date: 2020-08-04 words: 7493 flesch: 48 summary: Data associated with the variables were collected from different official sources for a total of 42 counties with respect to COVID-19 infections as on 26 th March 2020. In line with the objectives of the study, classifiers were built based on a set of independent variables to predict if a country that has COVID-19 infections showed early signs of infection containment as a reflection of policy implementations and behaviour changes. keywords: article; containment; copyright; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; data; et al; infection; learning; lockdown; outbreak; pandemic; rights; spread cache: cord-294468-0v4grqa7.txt plain text: cord-294468-0v4grqa7.txt item: #54 of 107 id: cord-296863-xu0h92ac author: Berlinguer, Giovanni title: Bioethics, health, and inequality date: 2004-09-17 words: 4326 flesch: 44 summary: The future of health, health policies, and health equity is strictly connected to the resolution of these contradictions. Very few raised two general questions: what else can we expect for world health from potential climate change, and what should we do about present and future risks? At the end of the 1990s, new political and moral trends began to emerge in the world, and new emphasis was given to health and equity in health. keywords: bioethics; care; countries; health; human; life; nations; people; rights; world cache: cord-296863-xu0h92ac.txt plain text: cord-296863-xu0h92ac.txt item: #55 of 107 id: cord-297940-xp8uoj9z author: Das, S. K. title: Spread of COVID-19: Investigation of universal features in real data date: 2020-05-25 words: 3452 flesch: 64 summary: We present results on the existence of various common patterns in the growth of the total number of patients affected by COVID-19, a disease acquired through infection by a novel coronavirus, in different countries. It is clearly recognizable that the rate of infection is different in different countries. keywords: countries; data; scaling; size; spread cache: cord-297940-xp8uoj9z.txt plain text: cord-297940-xp8uoj9z.txt item: #56 of 107 id: cord-298003-6yvcl92q author: Lawrence, Roderick J. title: Responding to COVID-19: What’s the Problem? date: 2020-06-05 words: 2368 flesch: 24 summary: The known unknowns about this coronavirus can be identified and studied using principles of One health, Ecological public health, and Planetary health during transdisciplinary research and practice in community settings to 'collect facts on the ground' beyond the walls of laboratories [3] . The capacity of public authorities, private enterprises, scientists, practitioners and community associations to respond effectively to major public health threats, such as this coronavirus, should be founded on in-depth understanding of the medical, veterinary and societal variables that influence health and quality of life in specific cities. keywords: cities; coronavirus; countries; health; pandemic; responses cache: cord-298003-6yvcl92q.txt plain text: cord-298003-6yvcl92q.txt item: #57 of 107 id: cord-298052-mbg6e2j1 author: Hardstaff, Jo L title: Livestock trade networks for guiding animal health surveillance date: 2015-04-01 words: 6510 flesch: 46 summary: Animal trade is an effective way of introducing, maintaining and spreading animal diseases, as observed with the spread of different strains of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Africa, the Middle-East and Asia [1] and the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), for example into Oman and Canada through the importation of infected cattle [2, 3] . Creating networks has enabled us to visualise the countries that have a higher level of involvement in animal trade. keywords: animals; breeding; cattle; countries; disease; livestock; movement; networks; poultry; species; spread; surveillance; trade cache: cord-298052-mbg6e2j1.txt plain text: cord-298052-mbg6e2j1.txt item: #58 of 107 id: cord-298870-22lf1cp5 author: Timen, Aura title: Control Measures Used during Lymphogranuloma Venereum Outbreak, Europe date: 2008-04-17 words: 3447 flesch: 42 summary: In the early days of the outbreak, the potential for international spread was recognized because patients reported having had sexual contacts in other countries such as Belgium, the United Kingdom, and France (8) . Revision of the International Health Regulations Lymphogranuloma venereum Preliminary report of an outbreak of lymphogranuloma venereum in homosexual men in the Netherlands, with implications for other countries in western Europe Resurgence of lymphogranuloma venereum in Western Europe: an outbreak of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar l2 proctitis in the Netherlands among men who have sex with men Increasing rates of sexual transmitted diseases in homosexual men in Western Europe and the United States: why? Canadian LGV working group. keywords: cases; control; countries; health; lgv; management; measures; outbreak cache: cord-298870-22lf1cp5.txt plain text: cord-298870-22lf1cp5.txt item: #59 of 107 id: cord-299309-p703e396 author: Tan-Torres Edejer, Tessa title: Projected health-care resource needs for an effective response to COVID-19 in 73 low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study date: 2020-09-09 words: 5161 flesch: 48 summary: 7 Capital costs included within the resource needs for COVID-19 response are intended for upgrading laboratories for diagnostic testing (pillar 5), buying field hospitals to expand capacity for treating COVID-19 patients (pillar 7), and repurposing health facilities to enable them to cope with non-COVID-19 patients who would otherwise have been treated in hospitals providing care to COVID-19 patients (pillar 9) to lift the supply side constraint of hospital and intensive care unit beds, procuring communications equipment (pillar 1), and providing motorcycles for contact-tracing teams (pillar 3; table 1). To maintain essential health services, salaries were paid to new hires to replace half of the number of existing health workers prioritised for COVID-19 response, on the assumption that 100% replacement was not needed because non-urgent consul tations and elective admissions are being postponed. keywords: costs; countries; covid-19; health; income; quo; response; scenario; status; transmission; weeks cache: cord-299309-p703e396.txt plain text: cord-299309-p703e396.txt item: #60 of 107 id: cord-301082-sikgk58i author: Breevoort, Arnar title: High-altitude populations need special considerations for COVID-19 date: 2020-07-01 words: 1118 flesch: 35 summary: In these tests, the majority of commercial ventilators failed at high altitude, delivering tidal volumes with up to 40% error from the set volume 10 . We argue that high altitude human populations require special attention to access the international supply of ventilators. keywords: altitude; countries; covid-19; ventilators cache: cord-301082-sikgk58i.txt plain text: cord-301082-sikgk58i.txt item: #61 of 107 id: cord-301479-dc1oyftd author: Koehlmoos, Tracey Pérez title: Global Health: Chronic Diseases and Other Emergent Issues in Global Health date: 2011-09-30 words: 7337 flesch: 40 summary: These increases in health risks are particularly critical for those most vulnerable: children younger than 5 years, infants, and the elderly. While urban settings offer many opportunities including access to better health care, they can affect existing health risks and introduce new health hazards. keywords: areas; change; climate; countries; deaths; disaster; diseases; global; health; income; injuries; people; population; public; risk; world cache: cord-301479-dc1oyftd.txt plain text: cord-301479-dc1oyftd.txt item: #62 of 107 id: cord-301570-yuuumno9 author: Zarikas, Vasilios title: Clustering analysis of countries using the COVID-19 cases dataset date: 2020-05-29 words: 2348 flesch: 58 summary: In addition, our work suggests a new specially designed clustering algorithm adapted to the request for comparison of the various COVID time-series of different countries. The clustering provided can further extended to support the identification of possible causes of these different impacts of the pandemic in different countries. keywords: cases; clustering; countries; time cache: cord-301570-yuuumno9.txt plain text: cord-301570-yuuumno9.txt item: #63 of 107 id: cord-303165-ikepr2p2 author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: Expanding the Concept of Public Health date: 2014-10-10 words: 33923 flesch: 39 summary: In 1920, C. E. A. Winslow, professor of public health at Yale University, defined public health as follows: Public health is the Science and Art of (1) preventing disease, (2) prolonging life, and (3) Winslow's far-reaching definition remains a valid framework but is unfulfilled when clinical medicine and public health have financing and management barriers between them. The evolution of concepts of public health will have to address these new challenges of population health. keywords: action; approach; century; community health; conditions; control; countries; development; disease; environment; factors; groups; health; health care; health insurance; health issues; health promotion; health services; health status; health systems; individual; life; management; medical; mortality; national; needs; new; people; policy; population; population health; prevention; primary; programs; public; quality; resources; risk; social; world cache: cord-303165-ikepr2p2.txt plain text: cord-303165-ikepr2p2.txt item: #64 of 107 id: cord-303414-fwamdr08 author: Oztig, Lacin Idil title: Human Mobility and COVID-19: A Negative Binomial Regression Analysis date: 2020-07-10 words: 2596 flesch: 53 summary: Based on the findings of the previous literature and the current trends in the spread of COVID-19, we hypothesize that in countries in which there is a high mobility of people, the number of COVID-19 infected people are correspondingly higher. By bearing in mind the fact that there is no scientifically established relationship between immunity and the risks of contracting COVID-19 disease, we control for the percentage of elderly people in population our analysis. keywords: countries; covid-19; number; people; population; spread cache: cord-303414-fwamdr08.txt plain text: cord-303414-fwamdr08.txt item: #65 of 107 id: cord-308431-l4sv28hj author: Schindler, Seth title: Covid-19, China and the future of global development date: 2020-08-04 words: 7016 flesch: 48 summary: South China Morning Post China urges World Bank to suspend debt payments for poorest countries Mnuchin says IMF and World Bank funds won't repay debts to China The Specter of Global China: Politics, Labor, and Foreign Investment in Africa The Rise and Fall of Development Theory Demystifying Chinese overseas investment in infrastructure: Port development, the Belt and Road Initiative and regional development U.S. and China turn coronavirus into a geopolitical football World Bank Group President Malpass: Remarks to the Development Committee South-South cooperation 3.0?: key: cord-308431-l4sv28hj authors: Schindler, Seth; Jepson, Nicholas; Cui, Wenxing title: Covid-19, China and the future of global development date: 2020-08-04 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.resglo.2020.100020 sha: doc_id: 308431 cord_uid: l4sv28hj Abstract Tensions between the United States and China have been escalating in recent years, and the Covid-19 pandemic has intensified their competition. keywords: american; bank; china; chinese; countries; covid-19; crisis; debt; development; economic; example; global; government; leadership; policy; post; world cache: cord-308431-l4sv28hj.txt plain text: cord-308431-l4sv28hj.txt item: #66 of 107 id: cord-311694-2b2swi0l author: Grima, Simon title: A Country Pandemic Risk Exposure Measurement Model date: 2020-10-09 words: 5796 flesch: 41 summary: Some studies 8 suggest such factor variables as Population Density measured by the number of persons per square kilometre, Night-time Light Intensity measured by the night light development index. Although there are various studies that have indicated factor variables that are important for addressing and measuring the vulnerability of countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has indicated a serious need to go back to the drawing board. keywords: analysis; country; covid-19; economic; exposure; factor; health; level; model; pandemic; risk; variables; vulnerability cache: cord-311694-2b2swi0l.txt plain text: cord-311694-2b2swi0l.txt item: #67 of 107 id: cord-311807-o7d2yure author: Abdelsalam, Omneya title: The Impact of Religiosity on Earnings Quality: International Evidence from the Banking Sector date: 2020-10-02 words: 10171 flesch: 36 summary: EBT and SIZE have positive coefficients, supporting the notion that more profitable and larger banks, respectively, have higher earnings quality (Cornett et al., 2009) . key: cord-311807-o7d2yure authors: Abdelsalam, Omneya; Chantziaras, Antonios; Omoteso, Kamil; Ibrahim, Masud title: The Impact of Religiosity on Earnings Quality: International Evidence from the Banking Sector date: 2020-10-02 journal: nan DOI: 10.1016/j.bar.2020.100957 sha: doc_id: 311807 cord_uid: o7d2yure We examine the impact of religiosity on earnings quality, utilising a global sample of 1,283 listed banks headquartered in 39 countries and covering the period 2002–2018. keywords: banks; countries; country; crisis; earnings; earnings quality; et al; identity; impact; institutions; management; norms; quality; religion; religiosity; variables cache: cord-311807-o7d2yure.txt plain text: cord-311807-o7d2yure.txt item: #68 of 107 id: cord-312197-d5d8amk7 author: Edmond, Karen title: New Approaches to Preventing, Diagnosing, and Treating Neonatal Sepsis date: 2010-03-09 words: 5228 flesch: 35 summary: key: cord-312197-d5d8amk7 authors: Edmond, Karen; Zaidi, Anita title: New Approaches to Preventing, Diagnosing, and Treating Neonatal Sepsis date: 2010-03-09 journal: PLoS Med DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000213 sha: doc_id: 312197 cord_uid: d5d8amk7 Karen Edmond and Anita Zaidi highlight new approaches that could reduce the burden of neonatal sepsis worldwide. Neonatal sepsis or septicaemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs of circulatory compromise (e.g., poor peripheral perfusion, pallor, hypotonia, poor responsiveness) caused by invasion of the bloodstream by bacteria in the first month of life. keywords: blood; care; countries; health; income; infants; infections; mortality; neonatal; neonates; rates; sepsis; studies cache: cord-312197-d5d8amk7.txt plain text: cord-312197-d5d8amk7.txt item: #69 of 107 id: cord-313384-v4g6dq6p author: Dönmez, Nergis Feride Kaplan title: Desirability Optimization Models to Create the Global Healthcare Competitiveness Index date: 2020-06-24 words: 5770 flesch: 49 summary: On the centrality of strategic human resource management for healthcare quality results and competitive advantage Accessibility testing of european health-related websites Temporal pacing of outcomes for improving patient flow: design science research in a National Health Service hospital An integrated methodology for evaluating patient service quality Modelling and analysis of inventory management systems in healthcare: a review and reflections Quality management in healthcare organizations: empirical evidence from the baldrige data Smart healthcare: an approach for ubiquitous healthcare management using IoT The clash of managerial and professional logics in public procurement: implications for innovation in the health-care sector ScheduleIT-open-source preventive actions management plataform in healthcare information systems Hospital adaptation to risk-bearing: managerial implications of changes in purchaser-provider contracting Introducing competition in healthcare services: the role of private care and increased patient mobility Event-driven ECG sensor in healthcare devices for data transfer optimization Service philosophies for hospital admission planning Modeling Cost and Expenditure for Healthcare Designing simulation experiments with controllable and uncontrollable factors for applications in healthcare Is global competitive index a good standard to measure economic growth? These findings will be deemed as the basic essence of those prospective theories to be established for the future researches to constitute a new index to measure the competitiveness of healthcare systems in various countries all over the world. keywords: analysis; countries; factors; ghci; healthcare; optimization; quality; study; systems; values cache: cord-313384-v4g6dq6p.txt plain text: cord-313384-v4g6dq6p.txt item: #70 of 107 id: cord-316050-mqrx003q author: Seabra, Claudia title: The influence of terrorism in tourism arrivals: A longitudinal approach in a Mediterranean country date: 2020-01-31 words: 9395 flesch: 40 summary: Using a spatial dyadic approach, the authors concluded that terrorist attacks on tourist destinations in a given country reduce tourist flows due to a substitution effect that is visible at several levels: i) from the countries in which the attacks took place and other similar source markets to a different destination or country; and ii) from the same tourism source market to other similar destinations (Neumayer & Plümper, 2016) . In the cases of tourist destination such as Greece or Israel, the substitution effect involves Portugal, probably because the three markets share the same emissive tourist markets. keywords: arrivals; attacks; countries; country; destinations; effect; events; impact; portugal; risk; spain; spillover; study; terrorism; tourism; tourists cache: cord-316050-mqrx003q.txt plain text: cord-316050-mqrx003q.txt item: #71 of 107 id: cord-316373-v48mz21d author: Shearer, Freya title: Assessing the risk of spread of COVID-19 to the Asia Pacific region date: 2020-04-11 words: 5400 flesch: 45 summary: Here we introduce a modular framework for estimating the importation risk of an emerging disease when the direct travel route is restricted and the risk stems from indirect importation via intermediary countries. Probability of an outbreak Outbreak size Importation risk to Australia Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step Step 1 -Importation risk from China to intermediary countries SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in China keywords: australia; cases; china; countries; country; risk; transmission; travel cache: cord-316373-v48mz21d.txt plain text: cord-316373-v48mz21d.txt item: #72 of 107 id: cord-317184-vz829rsy author: Wodarz, Dominik title: Patterns of the COVID19 epidemic spread around the world: exponential vs power laws date: 2020-04-01 words: 6517 flesch: 56 summary: Alternatively, it is possible that the local epidemics characterized by power laws demonstrate an intrinsic power law spread that is independent of interventions. How can we explain the existence, to different extents, of power law like behavior in different countries? keywords: countries; exponential; figure; growth; law; power; power law; preprint cache: cord-317184-vz829rsy.txt plain text: cord-317184-vz829rsy.txt item: #73 of 107 id: cord-317583-jhulvfev author: Blanchflower, David G. title: Is happiness U-shaped everywhere? Age and subjective well-being in 145 countries date: 2020-09-09 words: 12067 flesch: 64 summary: These answers seem to be similar using happiness or life satisfaction data. Finally, I re-estimate the well-being equation and replace the age and age squared term with a complete set of single year of age variables which I then plot in a series of figures. keywords: age; controls; countries; country; data; evidence; happiness; life; minimum; satisfaction; shape; step; table; variables cache: cord-317583-jhulvfev.txt plain text: cord-317583-jhulvfev.txt item: #74 of 107 id: cord-318261-ndfzn1hh author: Austin, Kelly F. title: Degradation and disease: Ecologically unequal exchanges cultivate emerging pandemics date: 2020-09-09 words: 2630 flesch: 21 summary: While infectious diseases can easily circulate back to affect people in developed countries, as we clearly see with COVID-19 and its initial concentration in more-developed Asia, Europe, and the United States, people in poor countries may ultimately be most vulnerable, given their weak infrastructure and prevalence of other health conditions, such as malnutrition (e.g. Gilbert et al., 2020) . A political economy approach illuminates that the exploitation of the environment and people, especially in poorer countries, creates conditions under which pandemics like COVID-19 appear. keywords: countries; deforestation; degradation; diseases; e.g.; exchange; global; world cache: cord-318261-ndfzn1hh.txt plain text: cord-318261-ndfzn1hh.txt item: #75 of 107 id: cord-319365-v75pvlka author: Navajas-Romero, Virginia title: Comparing working conditions and job satisfaction in hospitality workers across Europe date: 2020-07-23 words: 9027 flesch: 31 summary: Countries that present similar institutional contexts-that show similar coercive and normative pressures-might present differences in terms of employee job satisfaction. These results point to the need to propose a new classification or clustering of European countries according to their prevailing working conditions and job satisfaction levels. keywords: conditions; countries; differences; et al; european; group; job; job satisfaction; satisfaction; tourism; working; working conditions cache: cord-319365-v75pvlka.txt plain text: cord-319365-v75pvlka.txt item: #76 of 107 id: cord-319844-94587n2h author: Nawaz, Muhammad Atif title: Nexus between green finance and climate change mitigation in N-11 and BRICS countries: empirical estimation through difference in differences (DID) approach date: 2020-09-30 words: 8591 flesch: 49 summary: The equation makes it possible for selecting treated countries based on dependence, given that D(i, 1) = 1 and countryspecific variable η(i). The dummy is D = 1 for treated countries and D = 0 for untreated countries. keywords: change; climate; climate change; countries; development; energy; et al; finance; financing; green; n-11; n-11 countries; sector; treatment cache: cord-319844-94587n2h.txt plain text: cord-319844-94587n2h.txt item: #77 of 107 id: cord-321194-xi4zy5ow author: Allam, Zaheer title: The Third 50 Days: A Detailed Chronological Timeline and Extensive Review of Literature Documenting the COVID-19 Pandemic From Day 100 to Day 150 date: 2020-07-24 words: 17937 flesch: 52 summary: For instance, as of 28th, the total number of reported cases in Africa (35,676) was far much less than the total number of deaths (59,266) reported in the United States on the same day. By April 28, it became official that the number of COVID-19 infection cases had exceeded the 3 million (the WHO reported 2.95 million cases and 202,597 deaths) people and caused the death of over 211,000 people globally. keywords: april; cases; china; coronavirus; countries; country; covid-19; day; days; deaths; disease; health; italy; lockdown; measures; new; number; pandemic; people; president; region; report; situation; states; total; trump; united; world cache: cord-321194-xi4zy5ow.txt plain text: cord-321194-xi4zy5ow.txt item: #78 of 107 id: cord-322078-cli7mpev author: Schaller, Karl title: Neurosurgeons in the Corona crisis: striving for remedy and redemption. A message from the president of the EANS date: 2020-03-27 words: 1975 flesch: 58 summary: Poor political planning and cultural differences from an all-inclusive state responsibility to more social Darwinist principles may be the reason, and reflect the different approaches across European countries. In other countries with more centralized health care, specialists proposed some sort of a herd immunization of the whole population (i.e. Netherlands). keywords: countries; day; european; people; situation cache: cord-322078-cli7mpev.txt plain text: cord-322078-cli7mpev.txt item: #79 of 107 id: cord-322838-s82tyeis author: Norden, M. J. title: National Smoking Rates Correlate Inversely with COVID-19 Mortality date: 2020-06-14 words: 5299 flesch: 44 summary: In hot countries, for each percentage point increase in smoking rate mortality decreased by .147 per 100,000 population (95% CI .102- 192, p=.0066). Mortality rates were determined as of May 1, 2020 and correlated with national smoking rate adjusting for sex ratio, obesity, temperature, and elderly population. keywords: countries; covid-19; mortality; patients; preprint; prevalence; rates; smokers; smoking; study cache: cord-322838-s82tyeis.txt plain text: cord-322838-s82tyeis.txt item: #80 of 107 id: cord-324923-29kudfjp author: Sarma, U. title: Quantitative modeling and analysis show country-specific quarantine measures can circumvent COVID19 infection spread post lockdown date: 2020-05-26 words: 5898 flesch: 47 summary: This indicates different countries may have different infection spread dynamics after the lockdown is lifted. Here, in order to explore social, economic and demographic factors which may influence infection rate of the model, we extracted medical infrastructure, health care spending, demography and population density datasets for all the 23 countries and a correlation analysis based on linear correlation were performed. keywords: countries; infection; license; lockdown; population; preprint; quarantine; rate; time cache: cord-324923-29kudfjp.txt plain text: cord-324923-29kudfjp.txt item: #81 of 107 id: cord-325034-oefmb10g author: Alvarez, E. title: Comparisons of COVID-19 dynamics in the different countries of the World using Time-Series clustering date: 2020-08-21 words: 4476 flesch: 54 summary: Thus, the time series of new cases per country will be the nodes of a graph, while the relationships between countries will be represented by the links of the graph. How similarity is measured in this work (Pearson's correlation coefficient) tends to group countries with similar trends, therefore the three main clusters represent three different dynamic behaviors for the first 100 days: sustained growth, decrease sustained or accelerated growth followed by a decrease in the number of new cases. keywords: cases; cluster; countries; covid-19; mst; number; preprint cache: cord-325034-oefmb10g.txt plain text: cord-325034-oefmb10g.txt item: #82 of 107 id: cord-325177-7fzbbn99 author: Nagano, Hitoshi title: The ‘Heart Kuznets Curve’? Understanding the relations between economic development and cardiac conditions date: 2020-04-30 words: 7162 flesch: 46 summary: As country income rises people tend to change their diets and habits and have better access to health services and education, which affects blood pressure. We observe negative correlations between GDPPC and SBP for high income countries as also shown in recent studies (NCD, 2017) . keywords: blood; countries; curve; development; et al; factors; gdppc; health; income; increase; kuznets; population; pressure; sbp cache: cord-325177-7fzbbn99.txt plain text: cord-325177-7fzbbn99.txt item: #83 of 107 id: cord-326509-1cpybatu author: Varkey, Rittu S. title: Socioeconomic determinants of COVID‐19 in Asian countries: An empirical analysis date: 2020-10-23 words: 4349 flesch: 48 summary: key: cord-326509-1cpybatu authors: Varkey, Rittu S.; Joy, Justin; Sarmah, Gargee; Panda, Prasant K. title: Socioeconomic determinants of COVID‐19 in Asian countries: An empirical analysis date: 2020-10-23 journal: J Public Aff DOI: 10.1002/pa.2532 sha: doc_id: 326509 cord_uid: 1cpybatu The spread of coronavirus disease, 2019, has affected several countries in the world including Asian countries. The paper is an attempt to empirically examine the socioeconomic determinants of the occurrence of COVID in Asian countries considering the data as of June 18, 2020, for 42 Asian countries. keywords: asian; cases; countries; covid-19; income; number; people; poverty cache: cord-326509-1cpybatu.txt plain text: cord-326509-1cpybatu.txt item: #84 of 107 id: cord-326618-0ci9irxl author: Chien, Lung-Chang title: COVID-19 Outbreak, Mitigation, and Governance in High Prevalent Countries date: 2020-09-17 words: 3568 flesch: 48 summary: Among 25 countries with a rising trend through June 15, 52.0% (N = 13) of them were fair governance countries, and 32.0% (N = 8) of them were worse governance countries. In the outbreak period, better governance countries had a more rapid increase but a shorter outbreak period (71.2 days) than countries with fair (93.5 days) and worse (90.8 days) governance. keywords: cases; countries; country; covid-19; days; governance; outbreak; period cache: cord-326618-0ci9irxl.txt plain text: cord-326618-0ci9irxl.txt item: #85 of 107 id: cord-326861-qooax2xc author: Drozdov, A. V. title: Rhythmic components of COVID-19 daily cases in various countries date: 2020-07-24 words: 2334 flesch: 53 summary: Weekly period phase shifts over the observation period have been recorded in some cases. A strong weekly period has been identified in 25 countries from the 50 included in the sample, such weekly period manifesting more evidently at the incidence peak and decline phases. keywords: countries; day; license; period; preprint cache: cord-326861-qooax2xc.txt plain text: cord-326861-qooax2xc.txt item: #86 of 107 id: cord-327865-xxov2x33 author: Cisneros, B.J. title: Safe Sanitation in Low Economic Development Areas date: 2011-01-24 words: 30262 flesch: 48 summary: Unfortunately, even when treated, municipal discharges introduce used water containing used compounds, some of which are pollutants, to water bodies. Recently, some researchers have suggested (Asano, 2009) to use the term 'dispersion' instead of 'disposal' in order to change the perception of getting rid of used water, but this term has to an extent the connotation of wanting to dilute a problem. keywords: areas; conditions; content; control; cost; countries; development; eggs; environment; excreta; facilities; health; helminth; human; income; jiménez; management; need; people; plants; population; process; quality; reuse; sanitation; sewers; sludge; soil; systems; toilets; treatment; wastewater; wastewater treatment; water; water reuse; world cache: cord-327865-xxov2x33.txt plain text: cord-327865-xxov2x33.txt item: #87 of 107 id: cord-331601-3w4c40qr author: Ojong, Nathanael title: The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Pathology of the Economic and Political Architecture in Cameroon date: 2020-06-17 words: 8031 flesch: 51 summary: The major difference between African countries and Western countries is that in most cases, the latter have the capacity to mobilise resources needed by health care systems at short notice, while the former often do not have that capacity. In the past, there has been large-scale drug thefts and small-scale pilfering, and the limited drugs that reached public health care institutions due to the reduction in public health expenditures were given to local authorities, family members, and friends before patients could benefit from them [75] . keywords: cameroon; care; countries; country; covid-19; disease; economy; government; health; health care; institutions; pandemic; people; public; spread; system cache: cord-331601-3w4c40qr.txt plain text: cord-331601-3w4c40qr.txt item: #88 of 107 id: cord-332412-lrn0wpvj author: Ibrahim, Mohamed R. title: Variational-LSTM Autoencoder to forecast the spread of coronavirus across the globe date: 2020-04-24 words: 6823 flesch: 51 summary: Put all together, more data, more factors, different forecasting model could also lead to better long-term forecast (1-3 months) for each country based on the lesson learned from the global and country-level trends of spread. Last, comparing our results to other models remains a challenge due to the absence of a unified model similar to what we have achieved that forecast each country globally, or also due to the absence of general benchmark data with a common evaluation metrics. keywords: coronavirus; countries; country; data; features; lstm; model; preprint; spread; time cache: cord-332412-lrn0wpvj.txt plain text: cord-332412-lrn0wpvj.txt item: #89 of 107 id: cord-333919-nrd9ajj2 author: Albi, G. title: Relaxing lockdown measures in epidemic outbreaks using selective socio-economic containment with uncertainty date: 2020-05-16 words: 7708 flesch: 44 summary: This makes it possible to carry out a systematic analysis for different countries and to observe the different behaviour of the control action in line with the dynamics observed and the measures taken by different governments. Figure 6 : Age distribution of infected using constant and age dependent recovery rates as in (18) at the end of the lockdown period in different countries. keywords: activities; age; control; countries; data; epidemic; license; lockdown; model; number; preprint cache: cord-333919-nrd9ajj2.txt plain text: cord-333919-nrd9ajj2.txt item: #90 of 107 id: cord-337275-phgfpzbt author: Andrew, Jones title: Is Spread of COVID-19 a Chaotic Epidemic? date: 2020-10-20 words: 3657 flesch: 46 summary: Our mathematical examination of COVID-19 epidemic data in different countries reveals similarity of this dynamic to the chaotic behavior of many dynamics systems, such as logistic maps. In order to examine this hypothesis we have analysed COVID-19 epidemic data from different countries. keywords: behavior; countries; covid-19; data; epidemic; spread; system cache: cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt plain text: cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt item: #91 of 107 id: cord-337730-mqcgqwrb author: Leroy, Gregoire title: Food securers or invasive aliens? Trends and consequences of non-native livestock introgression in developing countries date: 2020-08-20 words: 5060 flesch: 31 summary: Failures generally relate to limited adaptedness of exotic livestock breeds, poor infrastructure and technical capacity, lack of long-term commitment of institutional partners, and limited preparatory involvement of the small-scale livestock keepers (Lemke et al., 2007; Leroy et al., 2016a) . On the other hand, outcomes of the many initiatives to replace and/ or crossbreed local livestock breeds have been variable (Madalena et al., 2002; Marshall, 2014) . keywords: breeds; cattle; countries; crossbreeding; et al; livestock; populations; production; species cache: cord-337730-mqcgqwrb.txt plain text: cord-337730-mqcgqwrb.txt item: #92 of 107 id: cord-338143-2v4lrlcl author: Pana, T. A. title: Number of International Arrivals Predicts Severity of the first Global Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-05-16 words: 3482 flesch: 47 summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.13.20100677 doi: medRxiv preprint Whilst previous ecological studies of other epidemics have utilised case or death counts as outcome, 21 these variables may be prone to bias due to variations in country level control measures including different testing strategies, 22 variations in population movement controls and differences in secondary attack rates within community cohorts 23 . In addition, we aimed to assess the determinants for this measure by examining the association between potential country level determinants driven by hypothesis based on currently available evidence and this measure using country level publicly available data and an ecological study design. keywords: countries; country; covid-19; data; mortality; population; preprint cache: cord-338143-2v4lrlcl.txt plain text: cord-338143-2v4lrlcl.txt item: #93 of 107 id: cord-339360-vm4yy47i author: Krywyk, J. title: DYNAMICS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMICS: GLOBAL PATTERN AND BETWEEN COUNTRIES VARIATIONS date: 2020-07-26 words: 3053 flesch: 53 summary: This analysis will be updated when more country epidemic cycles are complete, which is not the case for many of the 203 affected countries. A study of epidemic patterns performed by epicenter could also refine previous hypotheses. keywords: countries; covid-19; data; epidemic; pattern; preprint; time cache: cord-339360-vm4yy47i.txt plain text: cord-339360-vm4yy47i.txt item: #94 of 107 id: cord-339387-s2mydwff author: Murphy, M. M. title: COVID-19 containment in the Caribbean: the experience of Small Island Developing States date: 2020-06-02 words: 5049 flesch: 45 summary: Caribbean countries began controlling movement within a country 9 days after the first confirmed case (IQR 2 days to 15 days after), compared to 45 days after among comparator countries (IQR 24 to 55 days after). Caribbean countries began controlling gatherings 1 day before the first confirmed case (IQR 5 days before to 2 days after), compared to 29 days after among comparator countries (IQR 22 to 42 days after). keywords: caribbean; comparator; countries; country; days; license; measures; movement; preprint cache: cord-339387-s2mydwff.txt plain text: cord-339387-s2mydwff.txt item: #95 of 107 id: cord-340713-v5sdowb7 author: Bird, Jordan J. title: Country-level pandemic risk and preparedness classification based on COVID-19 data: A machine learning approach date: 2020-10-28 words: 5672 flesch: 49 summary: With the previous successful experiments in mind, this argues that risk classification would be more useful when performed prior to the situation unfolding, given that country-level information is seemingly more important at this stage when compared to the current postpeak climate. The positive effects of these factors likely contribute towards the reason why country-level information was useful for risk classification earlier in the pandemic, but are less-so later on post-peak. keywords: attributes; classification; country; covid-19; data; learning; level; machine; models; risk; test cache: cord-340713-v5sdowb7.txt plain text: cord-340713-v5sdowb7.txt item: #96 of 107 id: cord-341132-arhpqgl6 author: Gangemi, Sebastiano title: Rich at risk: socio-economic drivers of COVID-19 pandemic spread date: 2020-07-01 words: 1652 flesch: 33 summary: However, according to the report, albeit nearly any country in the world reported COVID-19 cases, noteworthy differences are present between continents as well as between single countries, with the largest amount of cases being reported in Americas and Europe, and a significantly lower prevalence observed in Africa, driving one to hypothesize either geographical or socio-economic factors driving such unbalance. As displayed in Table 1 , the ratio of COVID-19 cases per million people was found to be significantly correlated with several socio-economic indicators, as with transportation-related factors. keywords: countries; covid-19; number; population cache: cord-341132-arhpqgl6.txt plain text: cord-341132-arhpqgl6.txt item: #97 of 107 id: cord-343553-07c9ec2b author: Radfar, S. R. title: Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey date: 2020-09-22 words: 6528 flesch: 37 summary: According to the responses, in all three groups of income countries treatment and/or harm reduction services for pregnant women were a group with minimum impact from COVID-19. The World Drug Report 2020 stated that, If Governments respond the same way to the current economic slump, interventions such as prevention of drug use and related risk behaviors and drug treatment services could be hard hit (Nations, 2020) . keywords: countries; covid-19; harm; health; income; license; medrxiv; pandemic; preprint; reduction; respondents; services; treatment; use cache: cord-343553-07c9ec2b.txt plain text: cord-343553-07c9ec2b.txt item: #98 of 107 id: cord-343677-0buclszd author: Roussel, Yanis title: Hydroxychloroquine recommendations toward the world: first evaluations date: 2020-09-22 words: 385 flesch: 41 summary: A comparison of these two maps shows that developing countries have massively turned to the use 33 of hydroxychloroquine, as well as Asian countries which present low mortality by SARS-COV2, despite 34 the fact that they have been the first to be affected by the epidemic. This therefore shows a discrepancy between the strategies of 40 the Western world and those of developing countries and the Far East, some being much more 41 cautious than others with regard to the use of treatments to fight against the epidemic. keywords: countries cache: cord-343677-0buclszd.txt plain text: cord-343677-0buclszd.txt item: #99 of 107 id: cord-344866-vhuw4gwn author: Demertzis, Nicolas title: Covid-19 as cultural trauma date: 2020-09-10 words: 10300 flesch: 48 summary: The first is to introduce the concept of compressed cultural trauma, and the second is to apply the theory of cultural trauma in two case studies of the current covid-19 pandemic, Greece and Sweden. We conclude that, while the ongoing covid-19 pandemic has had traumatic consequences in Sweden and Greece, it has not evolved into cultural trauma in either country. keywords: authorities; care; countries; covid-19; crisis; cultural; death; greece; health; media; national; pandemic; public; sweden; time; trauma; trust; virus cache: cord-344866-vhuw4gwn.txt plain text: cord-344866-vhuw4gwn.txt item: #100 of 107 id: cord-346498-m1v9q7gk author: Bidaisee, Satesh title: Zoonoses and One Health: A Review of the Literature date: 2014-01-30 words: 4862 flesch: 44 summary: IDS (Institute of Development Studies) Concept: Bringing Together Human and Animal Health for New Solutions Mainstreaming one health A one health framework for estimating the economic costs of zoonotic diseases on society One health: a compelling convergence Climate change and human health: a one health approach From one medicine to one health and systemic approaches to health and well-being The One Health, the OIE Approach The socioeconomic burden of parasitic zoonoses: global trends A quantitative approach to the prioritization of zoonotic diseases in North America: a health professionals' perspective Environmental healthchampions of One Health Towards improved diagnosis of neglected zoonotic trematodes using a One Health approach Elimination of tropical disease through surveillance and response Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) course on the Canvas Network The impact of zoonoses on animal health has been largely neglected but the effects on public health usually drive control initiatives on zoonoses and are much better defined by the use of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYS) keywords: animal; approach; country; health; human; initiative; resources; scope; zoonoses cache: cord-346498-m1v9q7gk.txt plain text: cord-346498-m1v9q7gk.txt item: #101 of 107 id: cord-347182-oj3v1x99 author: Catala, M. title: Robust estimation of diagnostic rate and real incidence of COVID-19 for European policymakers date: 2020-05-06 words: 7904 flesch: 61 summary: Right now, it is impossible to assess if this is indeed the case in different countries given 520 the lack of reported cases and mortality rates by age and sex. Different European countries in terms of the EPG computed using the reported data on the attack rate vs the EPG using our estimation of the real attach rate. keywords: cases; cfr; countries; country; covid-19; data; days; number; people; rate cache: cord-347182-oj3v1x99.txt plain text: cord-347182-oj3v1x99.txt item: #102 of 107 id: cord-351666-q7dqsl7n author: Milani, Fabio title: COVID-19 outbreak, social response, and early economic effects: a global VAR analysis of cross-country interdependencies date: 2020-08-19 words: 9184 flesch: 50 summary: Social distancing responses to domestic and global health shocks are heterogeneous; however, they almost always exhibit delays and sluggish adjustments. Gupta and et al. (2020) find that social distancing responses do not necessarily correspond to policies mandated by State and local governments. keywords: cases; coronavirus; countries; country; covid-19; data; distancing; global; mobility; perceptions; responses; risk; unemployment; variables cache: cord-351666-q7dqsl7n.txt plain text: cord-351666-q7dqsl7n.txt item: #103 of 107 id: cord-352247-baqbxez9 author: Kobayashi, Yoshiharu title: Public Support for Development Aid during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-21 words: 9125 flesch: 51 summary: The results demonstrate that messages that convey anticipated detrimental health consequences in developing countries barely move aid support. In contrast, messages emphasizing that helping African countries in order to weaken the next wave of the pandemic at home generate a sizable increase in aid support. keywords: aid; aid support; countries; country; covid-19; development; donor; financial; health; household; pandemic; public; results; support; worries cache: cord-352247-baqbxez9.txt plain text: cord-352247-baqbxez9.txt item: #104 of 107 id: cord-354339-tchu91av author: Shahzad, Naeem title: Rapid assessment of COVID-19 suspected cases: A community based approach for developing countries like Pakistan date: 2020-05-06 words: 2124 flesch: 44 summary: key: cord-354339-tchu91av authors: Shahzad, Naeem; Abid, Irfan; Mirza, Wajahat Javed; Iqbal, Muhammad Mazhar title: Rapid assessment of COVID-19 suspected cases: A community based approach for developing countries like Pakistan date: 2020-05-06 journal: Journal of global health DOI: 10.7189/jogh.10.010353 sha: doc_id: 354339 cord_uid: tchu91av nan T he Coronavirus pandemic started in late December 2019, when an unexplained case of mass pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, China raising concern of the responsible health department of the City. This score card has been designed for low income countries with no or limited testing capabilities of COVID-19 tests. keywords: countries; covid-19; health; score; testing cache: cord-354339-tchu91av.txt plain text: cord-354339-tchu91av.txt item: #105 of 107 id: cord-354656-9ao33rq8 author: Cossart, Yvonne E title: The rise and fall of infectious diseases: Australian perspectives, 1914‐2014 date: 2014-07-07 words: 3345 flesch: 40 summary: As global population pressure drives clearance of forested areas for agriculture, humans have become targets for many infections carried by wild animals. Australian hospitals experienced some of the earliest outbreaks of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci, 22 22 which led to radical improvements in infection control. keywords: australia; countries; disease; eradication; hepatitis; infection; mortality; new; treatment cache: cord-354656-9ao33rq8.txt plain text: cord-354656-9ao33rq8.txt item: #106 of 107 id: cord-355074-u5s3uzp6 author: Bamgboye, Ebun L. title: COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Africa Different? date: 2020-11-03 words: 3831 flesch: 49 summary: Case numbers, mortality, number of tests performed, and demographic data were summarized and compared by continents, regions, and countries within the continent of Africa. The busiest international airports in the continent are located in South Africa which also has the highest numbers on the continent, followed by Egypt which is also second in case numbers ( Figure 4A ). keywords: africa; cases; continent; countries; covid-19; disease; mortality; patients cache: cord-355074-u5s3uzp6.txt plain text: cord-355074-u5s3uzp6.txt item: #107 of 107 id: cord-355726-44x0idzn author: Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed title: Introduction: Discovering Issues and Challenges in Low- and Middle-Income Countries date: 2017-11-10 words: 4983 flesch: 41 summary: If one of us wanted to learn about some aspects of pharmacy practice, education, or research in Jordan, for example, it would be a time-consuming, complicated task, extracting various parts of our goal from a large array of journals, textbooks, and websites, and often a doomed task since some of the references Importance of social pharmacy education in Libyan pharmacy schools: perspectives from pharmacy practitioners Social pharmacy and clinical pharmacy-joining forces Importance of incorporating social pharmacy education in Yemeni pharmacy school's curriculum Social pharmacy concept in pharmacy education Social pharmacy-the current scenario The limitations of current health literacy measures for use in developing countries The history of pharmacy Pharmacy practice in developing countries: Achievements and challenges Public health requirements for rapid progress in global health Social pharmacy: Its performance and promise Social dimensions of pharmacy: The social context of pharmacy Teaching social pharmacy: The UK experience. What is social pharmacy? keywords: countries; country; health; healthcare; lmics; medicines; pharmacy; practice; public; sciences; social cache: cord-355726-44x0idzn.txt plain text: cord-355726-44x0idzn.txt