item: #1 of 82 id: cord-000455-gq1omz6u author: Griese, Matthias title: Long-term follow-up and treatment of congenital alveolar proteinosis date: 2011-08-17 words: 3975 flesch: 42 summary: Whole lung lavages were performed with a new catheter balloon technique, feasible in small sized airways. Based on clinical measures, total protein and lipid recovered by whole lung lavages, all these treatments were without benefit. keywords: age; csf; figure; lavages; lung; pap; patient; proteinosis; pulmonary cache: cord-000455-gq1omz6u.txt plain text: cord-000455-gq1omz6u.txt item: #2 of 82 id: cord-001254-y2knt8g0 author: Parkhomenko, Taisiya A. title: Comparison of DNA-Hydrolyzing Antibodies from the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis date: 2014-04-15 words: 6771 flesch: 46 summary: An additional question is why there is no good correlation between various indexes, characterizing different MS patients. Recently we have shown that IgGs from the sera of MS patients are active in the hydrolysis of DNA. keywords: abs; activity; csf; dna; dnase; iggs; patients; protein; sera; serum; total cache: cord-001254-y2knt8g0.txt plain text: cord-001254-y2knt8g0.txt item: #3 of 82 id: cord-001583-le1mc045 author: Liu, Yong-Juan title: The combination of decoy receptor 3 and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 for the diagnosis of nosocomial bacterial meningitis date: 2015-03-23 words: 3192 flesch: 46 summary: However, it is a challenge for clinicians to make an accurate and rapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. This study aimed at determining whether combined biomarkers can provide a useful tool for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. keywords: bacterial; bioscore; dcr3; meningitis; patients; strem-1; study cache: cord-001583-le1mc045.txt plain text: cord-001583-le1mc045.txt item: #4 of 82 id: cord-001740-1px4aq89 author: Griese, Matthias title: GATA2 deficiency in children and adults with severe pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and hematologic disorders date: 2015-08-12 words: 3414 flesch: 42 summary: This study shows that GATA2 mutations in patients with hematologic diseases and severe PAP occur at a relatively low frequency. These groups included (i) patients with GATA2 deficiency, a protean disorder of hematopoiesis, lymphatics, and immunity [6] , and (ii) patients with functionally or numerically reduced alveolar macrophages and/or their respective mononuclear precursors due to CML, JMML, cALL, MDS or sideroblastic anemia in the absence of disease causing GATA2 mutations. keywords: alveolar; csf; deficiency; gata2; hematologic; pap; patients; proteinosis; pulmonary; syndrome cache: cord-001740-1px4aq89.txt plain text: cord-001740-1px4aq89.txt item: #5 of 82 id: cord-002823-n55xvwkf author: Halstead, E. Scott title: GM-CSF overexpression after influenza a virus infection prevents mortality and moderates M1-like airway monocyte/macrophage polarization date: 2018-01-05 words: 8101 flesch: 38 summary: BAL airway macrophages were sorted using the gating strategy described in Fig. 4a and next generation RNA-sequencing was used to profile the complete transcriptome data of AMs (a, orange bars) and EMs (b, blue bars) at 8 dpi, the time point at which the survival curves diverge (n = 5 mice per group). BAL airway macrophages were sorted and RNA-sequencing was performed to compare the gene expression between IAV-infected LM (n = 5 mice) and DTGM (n = 5 mice) treated with doxycycline at 8 dpi. keywords: airway; ams; bal; cell; csf; data; dtgm; expression; fig; iav; infection; influenza; levels; lung; macrophages; mice; rna cache: cord-002823-n55xvwkf.txt plain text: cord-002823-n55xvwkf.txt item: #6 of 82 id: cord-005014-qp4rrwr4 author: Martin, R. title: Persistent intrathecal secretion of oligoclonal, Borrelia burgdorferi-specific IgG in chronic meningoradiculomyelitis date: 1988 words: 2892 flesch: 39 summary: It should also be mentioned that the direct comparison of the patterns of oligoclonal IgG bands with those specific for B. burgdorferi antigen may be difficult because the transfer conditions for total IgG and B. burgdorferi specific IgG are different, as already noted by D6rries and ter Meulen [6] . In a further step the antigen specificity of CSF IgG for the aetiological agent B. burgdorferi was shown by using the same blotting technique, but coupling B. burgdorferi antigen to the nitrocellulose filters. keywords: bands; burgdorferi; csf; igg; oligoclonal; patients; specific cache: cord-005014-qp4rrwr4.txt plain text: cord-005014-qp4rrwr4.txt item: #7 of 82 id: cord-005453-4057qib7 author: None title: The 45th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation: Physicians – Poster Session date: 2019-07-03 words: 276280 flesch: 51 summary: Goals: In the present study, we describe the frequencies of CRE colonization and analyzed its relationship with development of CRE bacteremia and mortality in two different scenarios: stem cell transplant patients (HSCT) and Leukemia patients. The aim of this study was to analyse a single centre experience with HSCT patients requiring ICU admission and the factors affecting outcome. keywords: /kg; acute gvhd; administration; adult patients; age; agvhd; aim; allogeneic hsct; allosct; aml; analysis; anti; asct; associated; atg; autologous; b cells; based; blood; blood cells; blood stem; bone; busulfan; car; cases; cause; cd19; cd34; cd4; cell count; cell depletion; cell disease; cell dose; cell graft; cell lymphoma; cell source; cell therapy; cell transplantation; cells; center; chemotherapy; children; chimerism; chronic gvhd; clinical; cmv; cmv disease; cohort; combination; common; complications; conclusions; conditioning; conditioning regimen; control; count; criteria; csa; csf; cyclophosphamide; data; days; days post; death; declare; development; diagnosis; difference; disclosure; disease; disease patients; disease relapse; dli; donor; donor age; donor chimerism; donor t; donor transplant; dose; early; ebv; ecp; effect; efficacy; engraftment; experience; expression; factors; failure; female; figure; flow; fludarabine; follow; following; free; function; grade; graft; group; group patients; gvhd grade; gvhd patients; gvhd prophylaxis; haploidentical; haploidentical hsct; hct; hematopoietic; high; hla; hospital; host disease; hsct group; hsct patients; hsct recipients; iii; immune; impact; incidence; increase; induction; infection; infusion; intensity; leukemia patients; levels; lymphocyte; lymphoma patients; major; male; marrow; marrow transplantation; matched; mds; mean; median; median os; medical; methods; mm patients; mobilization; months; mortality; mrd; msd; mud; multiple; myeloid; myeloma patients; n=1; negative; neutrophil; nhl patients; nk cells; non; nrm; number; option; outcome; overall; patients; patients age; patients background; patients characteristics; pbsc; pcr; pediatric; period; pfs; pgf patients; phase; platelet; population; positive; post; post transplant; potential; pre; present; previous; primary; prior; procedure; progression; protocol; ptcy; pts; range; rate; ratio; reactivation; received; reconstitution; recovery; reduced; refractory; regimen; relapse; remission; response; results; retrospectively; risk patients; safety; samples; sc patients; second; secondary; serum; severe; sibling; specific; standard; status; stem cell; steroid; studies; study; study patients; survival; syndrome; system; t cells; table; term; test; therapy; time; total; toxicity; transplant patients; transplantation background; transplanted; treatment; tumor; type; underwent; unrelated; use; versus; vod; years cache: cord-005453-4057qib7.txt plain text: cord-005453-4057qib7.txt item: #8 of 82 id: cord-005460-ezrn8cva author: None title: Physicians – Poster Session date: 2017-07-28 words: 287532 flesch: 53 summary: After three months of treatment patient showed an increase in T cells count (CD3, 411/mmc), and a decrease of toxic metabolites: AXP, 1.652 micromol/ml RBC; dAXP, 0.011 micromol/ml RBC; %dAXP, 0.7 maternal T-cell engraftment persists, despite a good response to the PEG-ADA therapy. Moreover, caspases pathway was significantly activated in thawing CD3+, CD56+ and CD14 + cells: FLICA+ cells % in thawing cells were, respectively, 16.8%, 31.1% and 6.2% vs 3%, 9.7% and o1% in fresh cells. keywords: acute gvhd; adult patients; age; aim; allogeneic; allogeneic hsct; aml patients; analysis; anti; asct; associated; atg; autologous; based; beam; blood; blood cell; blood stem; bone; busulfan; cases; cause; cd34; cell count; cell disease; cell dose; cell lymphoma; cell source; cell therapy; cell transplantation; cells; center; chemotherapy; children; chimerism; chronic gvhd; clinical; cmv; cohort; collection; complete; complications; conditioning; conditioning regimen; conflict; consecutive; control; cord; count; cr patients; criteria; csf; cyclophosphamide; data; days; death; development; diagnosis; difference; disclosure; disease; disease relapse; disease risk; dli; donor; donor cell; donor hsct; dose; early; ebv; ecp; effect; efficacy; engraftment; experience; factors; failure; female; figure; fludarabine; follow; following; free; function; grade; graft; group; group patients; gvhd; gvhd grade; gvhd patients; gvhd prophylaxis; haploidentical; hct; hematology; hematopoietic; high; hla; hospital; host disease; hr =; hsct patients; hsct recipients; iii; immune; impact; incidence; increase; induction; infection; infusion; intensity; interest; leukemia patients; levels; line; lymphoma patients; major; male; malignancies; marrow; marrow transplantation; matched; mds patients; mean; median; median follow; median os; melphalan; mobilization; months; mortality; mrd; mud; myeloablative; myeloid; myeloma patients; n =; negative; neutrophil; nk cell; non; nrm; number; outcome; overall; p =; patients; patients characteristics; patients relapse; pbsc; pediatric; period; pfs; platelet; population; positive; post; post hsct; post transplant; potential; pre; primary; prior; procedure; progression; pts; range; rate; reactivation; receiving; recipients; recovery; refractory; regimen; relapse; related; remission; report; respectively; response; results; ric; risk group; risk patients; score; second; secondary; setting; severe; sibling; significant; specific; standard; status; stem cell; steroid; studies; study; survival; syndrome; t cell; table; tbi; term; therapy; time; tma patients; total; toxicity; transplant patients; transplanted; treatment; trm; type; underwent; university; unrelated; use; versus; vod; years cache: cord-005460-ezrn8cva.txt plain text: cord-005460-ezrn8cva.txt item: #9 of 82 id: cord-005479-wj2xmp8h author: Karlin, L title: Respiratory status deterioration during G-CSF-induced neutropenia recovery date: 2005-06-06 words: 2947 flesch: 31 summary: 11, 18 Because early diagnosis and treatment are key determinants of survival in cancer patients with acute respiratory failure related to neutropenia recovery, a careful and close clinical monitoring of respiratory symptoms (respiratory rate, heart rate, and oxygen saturation) must be proposed in this condition. To help clinicians bear in mind the increased risk of acute respiratory failure during G-CSF-induced neutropenia recovery in cancer patients, we describe 20 cases seen in our intensive care unit (ICU) over a 22-month period. keywords: csf; failure; neutropenia; patients; recovery cache: cord-005479-wj2xmp8h.txt plain text: cord-005479-wj2xmp8h.txt item: #10 of 82 id: cord-006172-ndmf5ekp author: Akins, Paul Taylor title: H1N1 Encephalitis with Malignant Edema and Review of Neurologic Complications from Influenza date: 2010-09-02 words: 5008 flesch: 35 summary: 1918 influenza, encephalitis lethargica, parkinsonism Neuropathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice PCR on cerebrospinal fluid to show influenza associated acute encephalopathy or encephalitis Detection of influenza virus RNA by reverse-transcription-PCR and proinflammatory cytokines in influenza-associated encephalopathy Acute encephalopathy associated with influenza A virus infection Th1 and Th17 hypercytokinemia as early host response signature in severe pandemic influenza Acute encephalopathy associated with influenza A infection in adults Systemic cytokine responses in patients with influenza-associated encephalopathy Cytokine profiles induced by the novel swine origin Influenza A/H1N1 virus: Implications for treatment strategies Tumor necrosis factor-a, Interleukin-1b, and interleukin-6 in cerebrospinal fluid from children with prolonged febrile seizures. The emerging hypothesis about acute neurologic complications of seasonal influenza is that the immune response triggered by influenza virus infection of the respiratory tract plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of neurological manifestations. keywords: acute; brain; case; complications; csf; edema; encephalitis; encephalopathy; h1n1; infection; influenza; patients; virus cache: cord-006172-ndmf5ekp.txt plain text: cord-006172-ndmf5ekp.txt item: #11 of 82 id: cord-006322-t7x86w9h author: Rowin, Mark E. title: Hypothermia Attenuates β1 Integrin Expression on Extravasated Neutrophils in an Animal Model of Meningitis date: 2001 words: 4386 flesch: 26 summary: In animals exposed to 10 hours of hypothermia, b2 integrin expression decreased to 117 ± 23, but failed to reach significance (P 0.11). b1, activated b1, and b2 integrin expression prior to and following 10 hours of hypothermia did not significantly change on the circulating neutrophil population (Table 1) . keywords: animals; csf; expression; fluorescence; hypothermia; injury; integrin; meningitis; model; neutrophils cache: cord-006322-t7x86w9h.txt plain text: cord-006322-t7x86w9h.txt item: #12 of 82 id: cord-006444-eq56zhtd author: None title: Abstracts of oral presentations and posters date: 1993 words: 40759 flesch: 49 summary: The shortened NTT was also reflected by a decreased proportion of marrow cells in the post mitotic pool (metas, bands and PMNs) and apparently lengthened blood The application of r-canine G-CSF enhanced the recovery of granulocytes but led to graft failure in dogs receiving a low number of marrow cells. keywords: activity; administration; blood; bone; cells; chemotherapy; clinical; colony; combination; control; csf; cytokines; days; disease; dose; effects; expression; factor; group; growth; human; ifn; il-2; il-3; il-6; increase; levels; marrow; median; neutropenia; non; normal; number; patients; phase; production; proliferation; protein; pts; response; results; rhg; role; serum; stem; stimulation; studies; study; tnf; treatment; tumor; vitro cache: cord-006444-eq56zhtd.txt plain text: cord-006444-eq56zhtd.txt item: #13 of 82 id: cord-006473-ey35h7ry author: Eisenbeis, C. F. title: A case of pulmonary toxicity associated with G-CSF and doxorubicin administration date: 2001 words: 1705 flesch: 29 summary: key: cord-006473-ey35h7ry authors: Eisenbeis, C. F.; Winn, D.; Poelman, S.; Polsky, C. V.; Rubenstein, J. H.; Olopade, O. I. title: A case of pulmonary toxicity associated with G-CSF and doxorubicin administration date: 2001 journal: We describe here a case of pulmonary toxicity associated with the concurrent administration of G-CSF and doxorubicin. keywords: csf; factor; granulocyte; toxicity cache: cord-006473-ey35h7ry.txt plain text: cord-006473-ey35h7ry.txt item: #14 of 82 id: cord-006869-g2q1gpp0 author: None title: Neurocritical Care Society 7th Annual Meeting date: 2009-10-08 words: 45443 flesch: 47 summary: In an IRB approved, prospective, open-label single-blinded Phase I study, SAH patients with elevated transcranial Doppler (TCD) velocities and Lindegaard Indices suggesting cVSP were enrolled. SAH patients were prospectively entered into an institutional database; those with myopathy were retrospectively identified. keywords: acute; admission; analysis; aneurysm; blood; brain; care; cases; cerebral; control; data; days; death; diagnosis; eeg; glucose; grade; group; hemorrhage; hospital; hours; hypothermia; ich; icp; icu; injury; intracranial; levels; mean; median; medical; monitoring; mortality; neurocritical; non; outcome; patients; pressure; risk; sah; sah patients; scale; score; serum; status; stroke; studies; study; subarachnoid; tbi; temperature; therapy; time; treatment; use; vasospasm; vs.; years cache: cord-006869-g2q1gpp0.txt plain text: cord-006869-g2q1gpp0.txt item: #15 of 82 id: cord-006870-f5w6fw6q author: None title: Abstracts Presented at the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) 15th Annual Meeting date: 2017-09-19 words: 122395 flesch: 46 summary: The best model fit was for good outcome (modified Rankin Score 0-2 equivalents) based on % patients with WFNS 4-5 and age (R2=0.54; p<0.001). Decreasing time spent in cervical spinal immobilization could improve patient care by allowing greater access to / range-of-motion of the neck, increasing patient comfort, and decreasing skin breakdown. keywords: acute; administration; admission; adult patients; analysis; arrest; asah; associated; baseline; blood; brain; brain injury; cardiac; care patients; care unit; case; center; cerebral; cohort; common; complications; data; days; death; diagnosis; difference; discharge; duration; early; edema; eeg; effect; epilepticus; evd; factors; findings; following; gcs; group; head; hematoma; hemorrhage; hemorrhage patients; hospital; hours; ich; ich patients; icp; icu; identified; imaging; improvement; infusion; initial; injury; intracerebral; intracranial; ischemic; left; level; los; management; mean; median; medical; minutes; model; monitoring; months; mortality; mri; neurocritical; new; non; number; outcome; patients; period; placement; population; post; presence; present; pressure; primary; prior; prospective; rate; refractory; related; report; results; review; right; risk; risk patients; sah patients; scale; score; secondary; seizures; srse; status; stay; stroke patients; studies; study; subarachnoid; surgery; tbi; tbi patients; test; therapy; time; total; treatment; unit; use; years cache: cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt plain text: cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt item: #16 of 82 id: cord-006880-9dgmdtj8 author: None title: Neurocritical Care Society 10th Annual Meeting: October 4 - 7, 2012 Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel Denver, Colorado date: 2012-09-19 words: 82474 flesch: 47 summary: Included patients were 55.5 ±15.2 years old with female preponderance (65.5%, (76/116)). Admission NIHSS was 11 for ICU patients and 9 for SU patients (NS). keywords: acute; admission; adult patients; analysis; aneurysm; arrest; arrest patients; asah; blood; brain; brain injury; cardiac; care; case; center; cerebral; cohort; coma; complications; data; days; dci; death; diagnosis; discharge; early; factors; following; gcs; good; group; head; hemorrhage; high; hospital; hours; hypothermia; ich; icp; icu; icu patients; imaging; increase; initial; injury; intracranial; ischemic; levels; management; mean; median; medical; monitoring; mortality; mri; mrs; neurocritical; non; onset; outcome; patients; poor; post; present; pressure; rate; regression; results; review; risk; sah; sah patients; scale; score; status; stroke patients; studies; study; subarachnoid; surgical; tbi; tbi patients; therapeutic; therapy; time; total; traumatic; treatment; unit; use; vasospasm; vs.; years cache: cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt plain text: cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt item: #17 of 82 id: cord-007279-ewcgkx0h author: Song, Jong-Am title: Human G-CSF synthesis using stress-responsive bacterial proteins date: 2009-07-01 words: 3396 flesch: 27 summary: Because of this, the solubilityenhancing function of stress-responsive proteins may be similar to that of cis-acting molecular chaperones in the context of fusion proteins (Kapust & Waugh, 1999) or as a 'chaperone magnet' (Fox et al., 2001; Ahn et al., 2005) that effectively recruits chaperone binding and prohibits undesired and nonspecific protein-protein interactions. The structure of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor and its relationship to other growth factors Secretory production of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in Escherichia coli Escherichia coli maltose-binding protein is uncommonly effective at promoting the solubility of polypeptides to which it is fused A novel fermentation/ respiration switch protein regulated by enzyme IIAGlc in Escherichia coli Structural characterization of natural and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factors A thioredoxin gene fusion expression system that circumvents inclusion body formation in the E. coli cytoplasm Expression, purification, and circular dichroism analysis of human CDK9 Folding and oxidation of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor produced in Escherichia coli A cradle for new proteins: trigger factor at the ribosome The granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factors Refolding of therapeutic proteins produced in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies The chromosomal gene structure and two mRNAs for human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Solubility-enhancing proteins MBP and NusA play a passive role in the folding of their fusion partners Purification and characterization of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) O-linked sugar chain of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor protects it against polymerization and denaturation allowing it to retain its biological activity Solubility enhancement of aggregation-prone heterologous proteins by fusion expression using stress-responsive Escherichia coli protein Analytical applications of circular dichroism Interaction of Hsp70 chaperones with substrates Single-step purification of polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions with glutathione S-transferase Advanced genetic strategies for recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: effects on normal and leukemic myeloid cells Structural features required for the interaction of the Hsp70 molecular chaperone DnaK with its cochaperone DnaJ Overexpression and purification of human calcitonin gene-related peptidereceptor component protein in Escherichia coli Expression, purification, and physicochemical characterization of the N-terminal active site of human angiotensin-I converting enzyme Differential induction of heat shock, SOS, and oxidation stress regulons and accumulation of nucleotides in Escherichia coli An Escherichia coli protein consisting of a domain homologous to FK506-binding proteins (FKBP) and a new metal binding motif We thank Professor Hang Chul Shin at Soongsil University for kindly providing the gene clones of hG-CSF. keywords: coli; csf; expression; fusion; proteins; stress cache: cord-007279-ewcgkx0h.txt plain text: cord-007279-ewcgkx0h.txt item: #18 of 82 id: cord-007593-45ynhqmf author: Rauch, Helene C. title: Chronic Theiler's virus infection in mice: appearance of myelin basic protein in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum antibody directed against MBP date: 2002-11-13 words: 4996 flesch: 50 summary: For coating plates, mouse MBP (1 mg/ml ddH20 ) is diluted in 0.05 M carbonate coating buffer, pH 9.6, with 0.2% (w/v) sodium azide; final concentration of MBP is 0.1 /lg/ml. Plates are coated with mouse MBP as previously described. keywords: csf; infection; mbp; mice; protein; sera; tmev; virus cache: cord-007593-45ynhqmf.txt plain text: cord-007593-45ynhqmf.txt item: #19 of 82 id: cord-007665-vdtpz75u author: Dörries, R. title: Comparative analysis of virus-specific antibodies and immunoglobulins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of subacute measles virus-induced encephalomyelitis (SAME) in rats and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) date: 2002-11-13 words: 4088 flesch: 37 summary: Although a restricted isoelectric pattern of MV-specific antibodies was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of SSPE patients as well as of SAME rats, the heterogeneity within clusters of immunoglobulin bands was higher in the rat specimens. A modified procedure of the previously published AMI (DOrries et al., 1984) was applied to detect the distribution of total as well as MV-specific antibodies in serum and CSF. keywords: antibodies; csf; rats; serum; specific; sspe; virus cache: cord-007665-vdtpz75u.txt plain text: cord-007665-vdtpz75u.txt item: #20 of 82 id: cord-007928-r3z1w441 author: Leinikki, Pauli title: Virus antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients detected with ELISA tests() date: 2003-03-18 words: 1589 flesch: 42 summary: However, the low sensitivity of conventional serological techniques has limited the evaluation of CSF antibody levels in normal controls due to the low amounts of antiviral antibodies present. It would be of interest to study multiple virus antibody ratios in acute inflammatory diseases such as mumps meningitis, uncomplicated measles, encephalitis, neurosyphilis and toxoplasmosis. keywords: antibodies; csf; patients; serum cache: cord-007928-r3z1w441.txt plain text: cord-007928-r3z1w441.txt item: #21 of 82 id: cord-008085-3ihuqvei author: Thomas, William B. title: Nonneoplastic disorders of the brain date: 2005-07-06 words: 11315 flesch: 39 summary: They are isointense to slightly hypointense on T1weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and therefore appear similar to many other brain lesions. Although most reports of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain disease in veterinary medicine have focused on the diagnosis of brain tumors, these imaging methods are also valuable in the evaluation of various nonneoplastic brain diseases. keywords: acute; brain; cerebral; contrast; dogs; edema; enhancement; hematoma; hemorrhage; hydrocephalus; images; imaging; lesions; magnetic; mri; patients cache: cord-008085-3ihuqvei.txt plain text: cord-008085-3ihuqvei.txt item: #22 of 82 id: cord-009713-sxd4t2tz author: None title: Poster Presentations date: 2020-01-10 words: 44058 flesch: 48 summary: Long-term safety and efficacy of adjunctive perampanel in paediatric patients (aged 4 to <12y) with partial-onset seizures (POS) or primary generalised tonic-clonic seizures (PGTCS) in Study 311 R FLAMINI 1 , A PATTEN 2 , LY NGO 3 1 Pediatric and Adolescent Neurodevelopmental Associates, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2 Eisai Ltd., Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK; 3 Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA Objective: Study 311 (NCT02849626) was a multicentre, openlabel, single-arm study of perampanel oral suspension (0.5mg/ mL) in paediatric patients (aged 4 to <12y) with POS (with/ without secondarily generalised seizures Here, we report long-term (1y) safety and efficacy data of adjunctive perampanel in paediatric patients from Study 311. keywords: acute; age; analysis; associated; brain; care; cases; children; cohort; conclusions; data; day; days; delay; developmental; diagnosis; disease; disorder; dystonia; eeg; epilepsy; features; following; function; gene; group; history; hospital; imaging; investigations; management; mean; median; methods; months; motor; mri; mutation; neurology; non; normal; objective; onset; outcomes; paediatric; parents; patients; poster; presentation; range; report; results; review; seizures; study; symptoms; syndrome; term; time; treatment; weakness; weeks; years cache: cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt plain text: cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt item: #23 of 82 id: cord-014976-546zaoxn author: None title: Publication only date: 2006-03-08 words: 51973 flesch: 49 summary: On admission before transplantation patient was presented with massive lymphadenopathy, anemia (Hb 76 g/L), WBC 24.8 x 109/L with absolute lymphocytosis (lymphocytes 98%) and thrombocytopenia 23 x 109/L. Pre-transplant conditioning consisted of high-dose cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation. There are publications about hyperkalemia in patients after renal transplantation but only few reports devote this phenomen in bone marrow transplantation patients. keywords: acute; age; allogeneic; aml; analysis; asct; autologous; blood; blood stem; bone; bone marrow; case; cd34; cell dose; cell transplantation; cells; chemotherapy; children; chimerism; chronic; clinical; complete; conclusion; conditioning; count; csf; cyclophosphamide; day; days; diagnosis; disease; donor; dose; engraftment; follow; grade; graft; group; gvhd; high; hla; host; hsct; levels; lymphoma; marrow; marrow transplantation; median; methods; months; non; number; patients; pbsc; post; prophylaxis; pts; range; recovery; regimen; relapse; remission; results; risk; sct; second; severe; skin; stem cell; study; therapy; time; total; transplanted; treatment; years cache: cord-014976-546zaoxn.txt plain text: cord-014976-546zaoxn.txt item: #24 of 82 id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: None title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 words: 162543 flesch: 45 summary: Ever since we know the role of endotoxins in the pathophysiology of sepsis, antibodies against the S-and R-LPS have also been detected in sepsis patients. In sepsis patients, the CD]4+/CD16+ cells can become a major population with more than 50% of all monocytes in 3 of 18 patients and with more than 500 cells/mm 3 in 4 of 18 cases. keywords: acid; activation; activity; acute; addition; adhesion; administration; aim; analysis; animals; anti; antibodies; antibody; ards; arterial; bacteria; binding; blood; blood cells; blood levels; blood samples; body; burn; capacity; cardiac; cause; cd14; cells; cellular; challenge; changes; circulating; clinical; clp; complement; complications; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; contrast; control; control group; control patients; correlation; course; csf; cultured; cytokine levels; cytokine production; cytokines; damage; data; days; death; decrease; development; differences; disease; dose; dysfunction; effect; elevated; elisa; endothelial; endotoxin; endotoxin levels; evidence; experimental; expression; factor; failure; flow; following; formation; function; gene; gram; group; growth; gut; hepatic; high; host; hours; hrs; human; il-1; il-6; il-6 levels; il-8; ill; immune; increased; induction; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; infusion; inhibitor; injury; ischemia; leukocytes; levels; lipid; liver; lps; lung; lymphocytes; macrophages; mean; mechanisms; mediators; membrane; methods; mice; model; mof; molecules; monoclonal; monocytes; mortality; multiple; necrosis; negative; neutrophils; new; non; normal; number; operation; organ; organ failure; organ injury; outcome; oxygen; p<0.05; parameters; patients; period; peritoneal; phase; placebo; plasma; plasma levels; plasma tnf; play; pmn; positive; post; postoperative; potential; presence; present; pressure; process; production; protein; pulmonary; rate; rats; receptor; reduced; related; release; reperfusion; response; results; risk; role; saline; samples; score; sepsis; sepsis patients; septic; serum; serum levels; severity; sham; shock; sirs; soluble; specific; state; stimulation; studies; study; surface; surgery; survival; syndrome; synthesis; system; systemic; t cells; test; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; tnf; tnf levels; tnf production; tnf release; total; trauma patients; treated; treatment; tumor; type; use; values; vascular; vitro; vivo; wound cache: cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt plain text: cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt item: #25 of 82 id: cord-015389-vwgai4k9 author: None title: Publication only date: 2009-03-25 words: 23906 flesch: 53 summary: Two years overall survival and disease free survival of AML patients were 70% and 67% respectively. The use of this AMD3100 in combination with G-CSF in patients unable to collect adequate CD34+ cells with G-CSF alone was recently reported in 280 patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) . keywords: acute; age; allogeneic; aml; blood; cases; cd34; cell; cell transplantation; conclusion; conditioning; cord; days; disease; donor; dose; engraftment; graft; group; gvhd; hsct; median; methods; months; patients; post; pts; range; regimen; relapse; remission; results; risk; second; stem; stem cell; survival; therapy; time; transplantation; treatment; years cache: cord-015389-vwgai4k9.txt plain text: cord-015389-vwgai4k9.txt item: #26 of 82 id: cord-017361-2lrmg6z0 author: Ballinger, Megan N. title: Innate Immune Responses in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia date: 2012-10-26 words: 10236 flesch: 22 summary: Mortality is considerably higher in patients with VAP due to P. aeruginosa strains that express the type III secretion system required for the secretion of pseudomonal exotoxins S, T, U, and Y (Roy-Burman et al. 2001 ; Sadikot et al. 2005 ) . These factors along with the immune state of host, contribute to the development of VAP or conditions that predispose the patient to respiratory failure (Nicholls et al. 2003 ; Piatti et al. 2005 ; Pittet et al. 2010 ) . keywords: ammatory; cells; et al; expression; host; illness; immune; injury; innate; lung; patients; pneumonia; receptor; responses; sepsis; septic; signaling; vap cache: cord-017361-2lrmg6z0.txt plain text: cord-017361-2lrmg6z0.txt item: #27 of 82 id: cord-017885-cz19y60u author: Maziarz, Eileen K. title: Cryptococcosis date: 2014-11-24 words: 10664 flesch: 29 summary: Once a relatively uncommon cause of human disease, cryptococcal infection can develop in apparently immunocompetent hosts and has emerged as an important opportunistic infection in humans over the past several decades as immunocompromised populations expand in the setting of HIV/AIDS, organ transplantation, malignancies, and treatment for other conditions. Early case reports of cryptococcal infections were primarily associated with cancer, autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and receipt of corticosteroids as these immunocompromised populations expanded [4] . keywords: aids; antifungal; antigen; clinical; cryptococcal; cryptococcosis; csf; disease; fluconazole; haart; hiv; infection; meningitis; neoformans; patients; syndrome; therapy; treatment cache: cord-017885-cz19y60u.txt plain text: cord-017885-cz19y60u.txt item: #28 of 82 id: cord-018034-gx5c9mk8 author: None title: Cell and Tissue Reactions date: 2006 words: 17149 flesch: 37 summary: Brain cells can also swell without a concomitant increase in brain volume if fluid shifts from an extracellular to an intracellular space. Moderate levels of ICAM-1 and very low levels of VCAM-1, two molecules responsible for the adhesive properties of granulocytes and of T-cells, are expressed by brain endothelial cells. keywords: antigen; apoptosis; astrocytes; bbb; blood; brain; cells; cerebral; cns; csf; damage; death; edema; endothelial; et al; expression; fig; herniation; hydrocephalus; icp; inflammation; injury; intracranial; ischemia; molecules; necrosis; neurons; pressure; swelling; system; tissue cache: cord-018034-gx5c9mk8.txt plain text: cord-018034-gx5c9mk8.txt item: #29 of 82 id: cord-021452-9rukc80y author: Bergman, Robert L. title: Miscellaneous Spinal Cord Diseases date: 2009-05-15 words: 8317 flesch: 46 summary: Dose-response and time-action analysis The neuroprotective pharmacology of methylprednisolone Correlation of methylprednisolone levels in cat spinal cord with its effects on (Na + K + )-ATPase, lipid peroxidation, and alpha motor neuron function Lactate and pyruvate metabolism in injured cat spinal cord before and after a single large intravenous dose of methylprednisolone Effects of multi-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate administration on injured cat spinal cord neurofilament degradation and energy metabolism Evaluation of an intensive methylprednisolone sodium succinate dosing regimen in experimental spinal cord injury Pretreatment with alpha tocopherol enhances neurologic recovery after experimental spinal cord compression injury Management of spinal trauma in 69 cats Survival rates and outcomes in cats with thoracic and lumbar spinal cord injuries due to external trauma High-rise syndrome in cats: 207 cases Tension band stabilization of fractures and luxations of the thoracolumbar vertebrae in dogs and cats: 38 cases Combined medical and surgical treatment after acute spinal cord injury: results of a prospective pilot study to assess the merits of aggressive medical resuscitation and blood pressure management Methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury: an inappropriate standard of care Is the role of steroids in acute spinal cord injury now resolved? High dose methylprednisolone in the management of acute spinal cord injury -a systematic review from a clinical perspective Gastric hemorrhage in dogs given high doses of methylprednisolone sodium succinate Complications of methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy in dachshunds with surgically treated intervertebral disc disease Evaluation of time-dependent spread of tissue damage in experimental spinal cord injury by killedend evoked potential: effect of high-dose methylprednisolone Nonsurgical management of thoracic and lumbar spinal fractures and fractures/luxations in the dog and cat: a review of 17 cases Management of vertebral column fractures in dogs and cats: 211 cases (1977-1985) Spinal fracture or luxation Reversible spinal cord trauma in cats. Additive effects of direct pressure and ischemia An evidence-based review of decompressive surgery in acute spinal cord injury: rationale, indications, and timing based on experimental and clinical studies Current use and timing of spinal surgery for management of acute spinal cord injury in North America: results of a retrospective multicenter study Principles of vertebral fracture management Use of pins and methylmethacrylate in stabilization of spinal fractures and luxations The rotational stabilizing effect of spinal fixation techniques in an unstable vertebral model Recovery of locomotion in the cat following spinal cord lesions Determinants of locomotor recovery after spinal injury in the cat Locomotor capacity attributable to step training versus spontaneous recovery after spinalization in adult cats Effects of training on the recovery of full weight bearing stepping in the adult spinal cat Return of weight supported locomotion in adult spinal cats Chronic spinal cord-injured cats: surgical procedures and management Retention of hindlimb stepping ability in adult spinal cats after the cessation of step training Feline intervertebral disc disease: a review of the literature Intervertebral disc extrusion in six cats Intervertebral disk disease in 10 cats Spontaneous lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion in cats: literature review and case presentations Disc protrusions in the cat: distribution of dorsal protrusions along the vertebral column Disc protrusions in the cat: age incidence of dorsal protrusions Disc protrusions in the cat: ventral protrusions and radial splits Degeneration of the intervertebral disc in the cat Protrusion of the intervertebral disc in the cat Intervertebral disc syndrome in the cat Intervertebral disc protrusion in a cat Acute intervertebral disc extrusion in a cat: clinical and MRI findings Lumbosacral disc disease in a cat Radiographic diagnosis: intervertebral disc extrusion in a cat Fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy in a cat Tetraparesis in a cat with fibrocartilaginous emboli Fibro-cartilaginous embolism in a cat Syringomyelia and hydromyelia in dogs and cats Subarachnoid cyst in a cat Correlative imaging findings in seven dogs and one cat with spinal arachnoid cysts Spinal subarachnoid cyst in a cat Intradural epithelial cyst in a cat keywords: cases; cats; cent; cord; csf; diagnosis; disc; disease; feline; fip; injury; management; signs; spinal; trauma; treatment cache: cord-021452-9rukc80y.txt plain text: cord-021452-9rukc80y.txt item: #30 of 82 id: cord-021772-5v4gor2v author: Levine, Gwendolyn J. title: Cerebrospinal Fluid and Central Nervous System Cytology date: 2019-05-31 words: 12659 flesch: 41 summary: 10, 20 Approximately 80% to 95% of CSF protein is albumin, and 5% to 12% of CSF total protein comprises gammaglobulins. 20 Increased bilirubin leakage into the SAS or high concentrations of CSF protein (>100-150 mg/dL) may cause xanthrochromia. keywords: analysis; canine; cases; cats; cells; cns; concentration; csf; diagnosis; disease; dogs; fluid; neutrophilic; pleocytosis; protein; samples; spinal; study cache: cord-021772-5v4gor2v.txt plain text: cord-021772-5v4gor2v.txt item: #31 of 82 id: cord-022283-8ny6j1ny author: Cuddon, Paul A title: The weak and ataxic or paralyzed cat date: 2009-05-15 words: 6128 flesch: 43 summary: Most cats with spinal cord disease have a combination of both ataxia and paresis, since most myelopathies cause disruption of both the motor and sensory systems. Cats presenting solely with ataxia and paresis/paralysis most commonly have spinal cord disease. keywords: ataxia; cats; cord; disease; feline; lmn; lymphosarcoma; pain; paraparesis; prognosis; signs; spinal; trauma cache: cord-022283-8ny6j1ny.txt plain text: cord-022283-8ny6j1ny.txt item: #32 of 82 id: cord-022527-a0x6lws3 author: None title: Eosinophils in Human Disease date: 2012-10-12 words: 56098 flesch: 33 summary: Extending this study, Flood-Page et al. 74 evaluated anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody treatment in asthma patients by examining its multidose effect on blood and sputum, as well as bone marrow and airway tissue eosinophils. As corticosteroid treatment reduced serum, sputum, and tissue eosinophils, and these reductions were associated with improved asthma symptoms, the eosinophil's place as a primary contributor to asthma appeared further substantiated. keywords: activation; acute; airway; allergen; anti; asthma; blood; blood eosinophils; bone; bronchial; cells; chronic; crs; cytokines; disease; ecp; eoe; eosinophils; epithelial; expression; factor; following; gene; group; growth; human; il-5; infection; infiltration; inflammation; inflammatory; levels; lung; marrow; mbp; nasal; numbers; patients; polyps; presence; present; production; protein; rejection; release; response; role; serum; skin; specific; sputum; sputum eosinophils; stent; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; syndrome; t cells; t h; therapy; tissue; tissue eosinophils; treatment; tumor; virus cache: cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt plain text: cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt item: #33 of 82 id: cord-022594-fx044gcd author: Pirko, Istvan title: Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System date: 2009-05-18 words: 25150 flesch: 43 summary: Not only do several viral and bacterial peptides share structural similarities with MBP, but it has also been demonstrated that these antigens may activate MBP-specific T-cell clones derived from MS patients. Virus has rarely been cultured from CSF of MS patients, but a new strain of HSV (the MS strain) and a new virus (Inoue-Melnick virus) were first isolated from the CSF of MS patients. keywords: acute; adem; brain; cases; clinical; cns; cord; course; criteria; csf; demyelination; diagnosis; disability; disease; dose; evidence; interferon; lesions; matter; mri; ms patients; patients; rate; relapse; relapsing; risk; sclerosis; spinal; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; treatment; trial; years cache: cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt plain text: cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt item: #34 of 82 id: cord-022659-chwk2bs4 author: None title: Abstracts: Poster session date: 2004-10-08 words: 49293 flesch: 47 summary: We conclude that this cingulate activation may reflect the greater involvement of an attentional network (of which the anterior cingulate is a part) in tasks requiring a higher degree of mental work on the part of AD patients. To investigate erythrocyte membrane molecular dynamics in AD patients and age-matched controls, we investigated erythrocyte membrane molecular motion at the surface (fluorescamine), aqueous-hydrocarbon interface (DPPE-ANS), and hydrocarbon core (1219j-AS; PPC-DPH) by steady-state fluorescence anisotropy measurements of 16 probable AD patients (5 males; 11 females) and 20 (1 1 males; 9 females) age-matched controls. keywords: activation; activity; acute; ad patients; age; als; alzheimer; analysis; antibodies; blood; brain; cases; cells; cerebral; changes; chronic; conduction; controls; criteria; csf; data; days; dementia; diagnosis; disease; dose; effects; evidence; examination; factors; findings; function; group; hours; human; improvement; infection; injury; left; lesions; levels; loss; mean; memory; months; motor; mri; muscle; myelin; nerve; neurological; onset; p =; parkinson; patients; pd patients; present; protein; response; results; risk; scale; sclerosis; scores; sensory; serum; severity; specific; spinal; stroke; studies; study; subjects; symptoms; syndrome; test; treatment; type; women; years cache: cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt plain text: cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt item: #35 of 82 id: cord-023369-xwclh6ih author: Kim, Faith title: Human Herpesvirus-6 Meningitis in a Premature Infant with Fevers: A Case and Literature Review date: 2020-04-18 words: 4900 flesch: 38 summary: 2, 3 There is a wide clinical spectrum of HHV-6 infection ranging from asymptomatic disease to more serious disease including neonatal hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome, hemophagocytic syndrome, or viral myocarditis, particularly in the immunocompromised population. Major findings included significantly lower scores at 12 months of age on Bayley-Mental Development Index scores in the congenital infection group even after controlling for covariates potentially linking HHV-6 infection and neurologic disease; however, there were no specific clinical manifestations identified at birth such as hearing loss. keywords: blood; cihhv-6; dna; hhv-6; human; infection; meningitis; transmission; virus cache: cord-023369-xwclh6ih.txt plain text: cord-023369-xwclh6ih.txt item: #36 of 82 id: cord-023748-3kfy36hg author: Lye, Patricia S. title: Fever date: 2017-05-12 words: 15614 flesch: 45 summary: CSF: 5 WBC/µL and negative Gram stain; if bloody tap, then WBC:RBC ≤1 : 500 • Chest radiograph: no infiltrate • Stool: 5 WBC/hpf with diarrhea Infants are at low risk if they appear well and have a normal physical examination, and if laboratory findings are as follows: • CBC: 5,000-15,000 WBC/µL; absolute band count ≤1,500/µL Evaluation and management of ill-appearing children older than 36 months with fever without source are similar to those of younger children. Bacterial meningitis is usually a disease of infants and young children. keywords: age; bacteremia; bacterial; blood; cause; chapter; children; csf; culture; diagnosis; disease; evaluation; examination; fever; fuo; history; illness; include; infants; infection; meningitis; months; patients; rash; risk; symptoms; temperature cache: cord-023748-3kfy36hg.txt plain text: cord-023748-3kfy36hg.txt item: #37 of 82 id: cord-025251-evnfvc0l author: Nemunaitis, John title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: let the virus be its own demise date: 2020-05-26 words: 7329 flesch: 30 summary: Halstead et al., also showed how GM-CSF overexpression after IV virus infection in a GM-CSF transgene mouse model prevents mortality Relationship of GM-CSF to immune response activation against cancer and viral infection is well described [71] keywords: alveolar; cell; cleavage; cov-2; csf; delivery; dna; expression; furin; immune; infection; influenza; lung; macrophage; patients; pulmonary; response; sars; virus cache: cord-025251-evnfvc0l.txt plain text: cord-025251-evnfvc0l.txt item: #38 of 82 id: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5 author: None title: ISEV2020 Abstract Book date: 2020-07-15 words: 201435 flesch: 40 summary: Normal pancreas cells (hTERT-HPNE and HPDE-H6c7) were co-cultured with cancer cell EVs for 24-48 hours. Before EV isolation cells were kept for 24 h either under normoxia or hypoxia (1% oxygen). keywords: ability; activation; activity; ad evs; addition; aim; analysis; analysis methods; anti; approach; assay; associated; bacterial evs; biological; biomarkers; blood; blood cells; blood evs; blot; bone; brain; breast; breast cancer; cancer cells; cancer evs; cancer introduction; cancer patients; cd63; cd81; cd9; cell communication; cell culture; cell evs; cell exosomes; cell function; cell lines; cell proliferation; cell surface; cell types; cells; cells introduction; changes; characterization; chromatography; composition; concentration; conclusion; conditions; content; control; control evs; cultured; current; cytometry; data; delivery; density; detection; development; diagnosis; differential; disease; distribution; dna; drug; effect; electron; endothelial; enrichment; epithelial; ev analysis; ev cargo; ev evs; ev isolation; ev markers; ev numbers; ev preparations; ev production; ev protein; ev release; ev research; ev rna; ev samples; ev subpopulations; ev surface; ev treatment; ev uptake; evs; exclusion; exosomal; exosomes; experiments; expression; expression analysis; extracellular; factors; findings; flow; fluorescent; fluorescent evs; fold; formation; fractions; free; function; funding; gene; group; growth; host cells; human; human evs; imaging; immune; increase; inflammation; inflammatory; introduction; isolated; isolation methods; key; large; levels; lipid; lung; macrophages; mass; mechanisms; media; medium; membrane; membrane vesicles; mesenchymal; metastasis; methods; mice; microscopy; migration; milk evs; mirna; model; molecular; molecules; mouse; msc evs; mscs; nanoparticle; national; neuronal; neurons; new; non; normal; novel; nta; number; particles; pathway; patients; plasma evs; plasma samples; platelet; platform; play; positive; positive evs; post; potential; presence; present; primary; process; production; profile; profiling; progression; proliferation; properties; prostate; prostate cancer; protein; protein cargo; protein expression; protein markers; proteomic; purification; purity; range; recipient cells; research; resistance; response; results; rna; rnas; role; samples; sec; secretion; sequencing; serum; sevs; signalling; single; size; small evs; specific; specific evs; spectrometry; stem cells; stromal cells; studies; study; summary; surface; system; target cells; targets; tau; techniques; tested; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; total; total evs; tracking; transfer; transmission; treatment; tumour cells; ultracentrifugation; university; uptake; urinary evs; urine; usa; usa introduction; use; vesicles; vesicles introduction; vitro; vivo; work cache: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt plain text: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt item: #39 of 82 id: cord-102725-k0xhbssu author: Norwood, Jordan N. title: Intranasal Administration of Functionalized Soot Particles Disrupts Olfactory Sensory Neuron Progenitor Cells in the Neuroepithelium date: 2020-08-19 words: 4740 flesch: 44 summary: We do not know the mechanism by which oxygen functionalized soot preferentially damages GBCs. It could be that oxygen functionalized soot is more 20 prone to accumulating in the nasal epithelium (Fig. 2) (2003) DNA damage in nasal and brain tissues of canines exposed to air pollutants is associated with evidence of chronic brain inflammation and neurodegeneration. keywords: carbon; cells; et al; exposure; groups; neurons; olfactory; oxygen; particles; rearing; soot; treatment cache: cord-102725-k0xhbssu.txt plain text: cord-102725-k0xhbssu.txt item: #40 of 82 id: cord-252569-9rv1p3qh author: Zanella, M.-C. title: High-throughput sequencing for the aetiologic identification of viral encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, and meningitis. A narrative review and clinical appraisal date: 2019-01-11 words: 4175 flesch: 29 summary: Beyond viruses: clinical profiles and etiologies associated with encephalitis Infectious encephalitis in France in 2007: a national prospective study Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study Acute bacterial and viral meningitis Viral infections of the central nervous system in Spain: a prospective study Viral meningitis Etiology of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis in an adult population Guidelines on the management of infectious encephalitis in adults Genetic characterization of human herpesvirus type 1: full-length genome sequence of strain obtained from an encephalitis case from India Analysis of an echovirus 18 outbreak in Thuringia, Germany: insights into the molecular epidemiology and evolution of several enterovirus species B members Late Ebola virus relapse causing meningoencephalitis: a case report Toscana virus genome stability: data from a meningoencephalitis case in Mantua Phylogenetic and epidemiologic evidence of multiyear incubation in human rabies Metagenomic and metabolomic characterization of rabies encephalitis: new insights into the treatment of an ancient disease Isolation of Toscana virus from the cerebrospinal fluid of a man with meningitis in Marseille Toscana virus meningitis case in Switzerland: an example of the ezVIR bioinformatics pipeline utility for the identification of emerging viruses A novel outbreak enterovirus D68 strain associated with acute flaccid myelitis cases in the USA (2012-14): a retrospective cohort study Afebrile meningoencephalitis with transient central facial paralysis due to Toscana virus infection, southeastern France Molecular epidemiology of human enterovirus 71 at the origin of an epidemic of fatal hand, foot and mouth disease cases in Cambodia A variegated Squirrel Bornavirus associated with fatal human encephalitis Isolation and complete genome analysis of neurotropic dengue virus serotype 3 from the cerebrospinal fluid of an encephalitis patient Astrovirus MLB2, a new gastroenteric virus associated with meningitis and disseminated infection Nextgeneration sequencing for diagnosis and tailored therapy: a case report of astrovirus-associated progressive encephalitis Acute encephalopathy in an immunocompromised boy with astrovirus-MLB1 infection detected by next generation sequencing Human coronavirus OC43 associated with fatal encephalitis A new arenavirus in a cluster of fatal transplant-associated diseases Small circular single stranded DNA viral genomes in unexplained cases of human encephalitis, diarrhea, and in untreated sewage Identification of a new cyclovirus in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute central nervous system infections A cluster of fatal tick-borne encephalitis virus infection in organ transplant setting A novel cause of chronic viral meningoencephalitis: Cache Valley virus Astrovirus VA1/HMO-C: an increasingly recognized neurotropic pathogen in immunocompromised patients Clinical metagenomic identification of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis and assembly of the draft genome: the continuing case for reference genome sequencing Diagnosis of neuroinvasive astrovirus infection in an immunocompromised adult with encephalitis by unbiased next-generation sequencing Deep sequencing to identify the causes of viral encephalitis Next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the identification of encephalitiscausing viruses: unexpected detection of human herpesvirus 1 while searching for RNA pathogens Detection of virus in CSF from the cases with meningoencephalitis by next-generation sequencing A new densovirus in cerebrospinal fluid from a case of anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis Suspected encephalitis with Candida tropicalis and Fusarium detected by unbiased RNA sequencing Next-generation sequencing in neuropathologic diagnosis of infections of the nervous system Acute West Nile virus meningoencephalitis diagnosed via metagenomic deep sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid in a renal transplant patient Deep sequencing reveals persistence of cell-associated mumps vaccine virus in chronic encephalitis Diagnosis of fatal human case of St. Louis encephalitis virus infection by metagenomic sequencing An emerging opportunistic infection: fatal astrovirus (VA1/HMO-C) encephalitis in a pediatric stem cell transplant recipient Actionable diagnosis of neuroleptospirosis by next-generation sequencing Diagnosing Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis with metagenomic deep sequencing Human parvovirus 4 as potential cause of encephalitis in children Astrovirus encephalitis in boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia Identification of viruses in cases of pediatric acute encephalitis and encephalopathy using next-generation sequencing Detection of Toscana virus from an adult traveler returning to Australia with encephalitis Neurobrucellosis: unexpected answer from metagenomic nextgeneration sequencing Human anelloviruses: an update of molecular, epidemiological and clinical aspects Human anelloviruses and the central nervous system Low prevalence of TT virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of viremic patients with central nervous system disorders TT virus has a ubiquitous diffusion in human body tissues: analyses of paired serum and tissue samples Deep sequencing for the detection of virus-like sequences in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis: detection of GBV-C in human brain Detection of GB virus C genomic sequence in the cerebrospinal fluid of a HIV-infected patient in China: a case report and literature review Human pegivirus-1 in the CSF of patients with HIVassociated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) may be derived from blood in highly viraemic patients The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America The changing face of pathogen discovery and surveillance Validation of metagenomic next-generation sequencing tests for universal pathogen detection key: cord-252569-9rv1p3qh authors: Zanella, M.-C.; Lenggenhager, L.; Schrenzel, J.; Cordey, S.; Kaiser, L. title: High-throughput sequencing for the aetiologic identification of viral encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, and meningitis. keywords: cns; encephalitis; hts; patients; samples; studies; virus; viruses cache: cord-252569-9rv1p3qh.txt plain text: cord-252569-9rv1p3qh.txt item: #41 of 82 id: cord-257310-wqu7t44n author: Maideniuc, Catalina title: Acute necrotizing myelitis and acute motor axonal neuropathy in a COVID-19 patient date: 2020-08-09 words: 1099 flesch: 47 summary: Repeat spinal fluid analysis demonstrated albuminocytological dissociation with elevated CSF protein (153 mg/dl) and normal white blood cell count (2/ mm 3 ), red blood cells (4 mm 3) , and glucose (79 mg/dl). The patient had a spinal fluid analysis that showed a hemorrhagic tap (red blood cells 312/mm 3 ) with normal white blood cells (3/mm 3) elevated protein (87 mg/ dl) and glucose (73 mg/dl). keywords: acute; covid-19; csf; patient cache: cord-257310-wqu7t44n.txt plain text: cord-257310-wqu7t44n.txt item: #42 of 82 id: cord-258374-qht98q0l author: Takano, Tomomi title: Neutrophil survival factors (TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, and G-CSF) produced by macrophages in cats infected with feline infectious peritonitis virus contribute to the pathogenesis of granulomatous lesions date: 2009-04-03 words: 3701 flesch: 39 summary: Risk of feline infectious peritonitis in cats naturally infected with feline coronavirus Gamma interferon/interleukin 10 balance in tissue lymphocytes correlates with down modulation of mucosal feline immunodeficiency virus infection Immune and idiopathic neutropenia Replication of feline coronaviruses in peripheral blood monocytes Cytokine-mediated Bax deficiency and consequent delayed neutrophil apoptosis: a general mechanism to accumulate effector cells in inflammation Polymorphonuclear leukocytemediated cell and tissue injury: oxygen metabolites and their relations to human disease Neutrophil elastase up-regulates cathepsin B and matrix metalloprotease-2 expression The molecular genetics of feline coronaviruses: comparative sequence analysis of the ORF7a/7b transcription unit of different biotypes A study on the mechanism of antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in feline macrophages by monoclonal antibodies Enhancement and neutralization of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in feline macrophages by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognizing different epitopes The role of IgG subclass of mouse monoclonal antibodies in antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection of feline macrophages Morphologic features and development of granulomatous vasculitis in feline infectious peritonitis Spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis and regulation of cell survival by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor Asymptomatic bacteriuria in puppies with canine parvovirus infection: a cohort study Neutropenia, neutrophil dysfunction, and bacterial infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease: the role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Epstein-Barr virus infects and induces apoptosis in human neutrophils Marrow accessory cell infection and alterations in hematopoiesis accompany severe neutropenia during experimental acute infection with feline immunodeficiency virus Virus infection of endothelial cells increases granulocyte adherence Molecular cloning and sequence determination of the peplomer protein gene of feline infectious peritonitis virus type I Comparison of the amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the peplomer, integral membrane and nucleocapsid proteins of feline, canine and porcine coronaviruses In vitro effect of recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor on canine neutrophil apoptosis In vitro effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha on canine neutrophil apoptosis A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus: molecular biology, immunopathogenesis, clinical aspects, and vaccination The acute phase reaction Some aspects of humoral and cellular immunity in naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis Pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvovirus Programmed cell death of the normal human neutrophil: an in vitro model of senescence Feline infectious peritonitis and feline enteric coronavirus infections. In addition, the presence or absence of neutrophil survival factors was investigated in specimens collected from cats with FIP. keywords: cats; csf; feline; fip; fipv; macrophages; mrna; neutrophils cache: cord-258374-qht98q0l.txt plain text: cord-258374-qht98q0l.txt item: #43 of 82 id: cord-258787-n49zrfsp author: Carnevale, Silvia title: The complexity of neutrophils in health and disease: Focus on cancer date: 2020-09-18 words: 9185 flesch: 30 summary: insights and open questions On the origin of low-density neutrophils ER stress regulates myeloid-derived suppressor cell fate through TRAIL-R-mediated apoptosis Mature CD10(+) and immature CD10(-) neutrophils present in G-CSF-treated donors display opposite effects on T cells Mouse versus human neutrophils in Cancer: a major knowledge gap Distinct functions of neutrophil in Cancer and its regulation The serine protease inhibitor elafin maintains normal growth control by opposing the mitogenic effects of neutrophil elastase Infiltrating myeloid cells exert protumorigenic actions via neutrophil elastase Neutrophil elastase induces cell proliferation and migration by the release of TGF-alpha, PDGF and VEGF in esophageal cell lines Neutrophil elastase-mediated degradation of IRS-1 accelerates lung tumor growth Neutrophil extracellular traps produced during inflammation awaken dormant cancer cells in mice Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis Coagulation induced by C3aR-dependent NETosis drives protumorigenic neutrophils during small intestinal tumorigenesis Neutrophils facilitate ovarian cancer premetastatic niche formation in the omentum Cancer cells induce metastasis-supporting neutrophil extracellular DNA traps Neutrophil extracellular traps promote inflammation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Perez-Gracia, I. Melero, CXCR1 and CXCR2 chemokine receptor agonists produced by tumors induce neutrophil extracellular traps that interfere with immune cytotoxicity Genotoxic effects of neutrophils and hypochlorous acid Early neutrophil responses to chemical carcinogenesis shape long-term lung Cancer susceptibility Tumor entrained neutrophils inhibit seeding in the premetastatic lung TRPM2 mediates neutrophil killing of disseminated tumor cells TRPM2 modulates neutrophil attraction to murine tumor cells by regulating CXCL2 expression Neutrophil-derived TNFrelated apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL): a novel mechanism of antitumor effect by neutrophils MET is required for the recruitment of anti-tumoural neutrophils Reactive neutrophil responses dependent on the receptor tyrosine kinase c-MET limit Cancer immunotherapy Lung inflammation promotes metastasis through neutrophil protease-mediated degradation of Tsp-1 Contribution to tumor angiogenesis from innate immune cells within the tumor microenvironment: implications for immunotherapy An interleukin-17-mediated paracrine network promotes tumor resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy Oncogenic RAS pathway activation promotes resistance to anti-VEGF therapy through G-CSF-induced neutrophil recruitment G-CSF-initiated myeloid cell mobilization and angiogenesis mediate tumor refractoriness to anti-VEGF therapy in mouse models Epithelial NOTCH signaling rewires the tumor microenvironment of colorectal Cancer to drive poor-prognosis subtypes and metastasis Loss of p53 triggers WNT-dependent systemic inflammation to drive breast cancer metastasis Commensal microbiota promote lung Cancer development via gammadelta t cells DNA of neutrophil extracellular traps promotes cancer metastasis via CCDC25 Immune effector monocyte-neutrophil cooperation induced by the primary tumor prevents metastatic progression of breast cancer ACKR2 in hematopoietic precursors as a checkpoint of neutrophil release and anti-metastatic activity The interplay between neutrophils and CD8(+) t cells improves survival in human colorectal Cancer Tumour-elicited neutrophils engage mitochondrial metabolism to circumvent nutrient limitations and maintain immune suppression Population alterations of L-arginase-and inducible nitric oxide synthaseexpressed CD11b+/CD14(-)/CD15+/CD33+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer Arginase I-producing myeloid-derived suppressor cells in renal cell carcinoma are a subpopulation of activated granulocytes Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and colorectal Cancer Cell-type-Specific responses to Interleukin-1 control microbial invasion and tumor-elicited inflammation in colorectal Cancer Adenoma-linked barrier defects and microbial products drive IL-23/IL-17-mediated tumour growth Cross talk between neutrophils and the microbiota The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice Neutrophils suppress intraluminal NK cell-mediated tumor cell clearance and enhance extravasation of disseminated carcinoma cells NK cells control tumor-promoting function of neutrophils in mice Peritumoural neutrophils negatively regulate adaptive immunity via the PD-L1/PD-1 signalling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma Tumour-activated neutrophils in gastric cancer foster immune suppression and disease progression through GM-CSF-PD-L1 pathway Immunecheckpoint protein VISTA regulates antitumor immunity by controlling myeloid cell-mediated inflammation and immunosuppression Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in metastatic breast cancer is not an independent predictor of survival Occurrence and significance of tumor-associated neutrophils in patients with colorectal cancer Neutrophils dominate the immune cell composition in non-small cell lung cancer Peritumoral neutrophils link inflammatory response to disease progression by fostering angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma Neutrophils oppose uterine epithelial carcinogenesis via debridement of hypoxic tumor cells Neutrophil infiltration is a favorable prognostic factor in early stages of colon cancer Association between pretreatment neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio and outcome of patients with metastatic renalcell carcinoma treated with nivolumab Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and derived NLR could predict overall survival in patients with advanced melanoma treated with nivolumab Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is associated with outcome during ipilimumab treatment Clinical significance of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with stage In particular, Neutrophils express the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 and the presence of their ligands provides important chemotactic pathways for neutrophil recruitment to the tissues [64, 65] . Extravasation of neutrophils across the vascular endothelium is a multistep process orchestrated by adhesion molecules present on vascular endothelial cells and neutrophils. keywords: activation; anti; cancer; cells; csf; expression; human; inflammation; lung; mice; myeloid; neutrophils; patients; production; response; role; tme; tumour cache: cord-258787-n49zrfsp.txt plain text: cord-258787-n49zrfsp.txt item: #44 of 82 id: cord-263530-t9ryky6f author: Kamal, Yasmine Mohamed title: Cerebrospinal fluid confirmed COVID-19-associated encephalitis treated successfully date: 2020-09-16 words: 2492 flesch: 41 summary: ► A red flag of the possibility of COVID-19 encephalitis should be raised whenever patients present with abnormal behaviour, acute psychosis, confusion state or drowsiness. Analysis of clinical outcomes in pediatric bacterial meningitis focusing on patients without cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis Normocellular CSF in herpes simplex encephalitis COVID-19-associated meningoencephalitis complicated with intracranial hemorrhage: a case report We would like to thank Dr Raheel Ahmed for his assistance in direct patient care, as well as Dr Maria Khan, for the final review of the article. keywords: brain; covid-19; csf; encephalitis; patient; symptoms cache: cord-263530-t9ryky6f.txt plain text: cord-263530-t9ryky6f.txt item: #45 of 82 id: cord-264163-389tgecz author: Machado, Gisele F. title: Zymographic patterns of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the CSF and cerebellum of dogs with subacute distemper leukoencephalitis date: 2013-07-15 words: 3270 flesch: 37 summary: The infected dogs presented high levels of pro-MMP-2 in the CSF and elevated levels of pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9 in the cerebellar tissue. 2A and B. Zymographic assays revealed gelatinolytic activity related to enzymes with molecular weights of 92 kDa (pro-MMP-9), 86 kDa (active MMP-9), 72 kDa (pro-MMP-2), and 66 kDa (active MMP-2). keywords: cells; distemper; dogs; fig; mmp-9; mmps; pro cache: cord-264163-389tgecz.txt plain text: cord-264163-389tgecz.txt item: #46 of 82 id: cord-266034-811lov8f author: Benameur, Karima title: Encephalopathy and Encephalitis Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Alterations and Coronavirus Disease, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020 date: 2020-09-17 words: 2456 flesch: 35 summary: When we compared historical and present control subjects who had normal cognition (no viral illness) (13), we found that patients with COVID-19 and neurologic symptoms had increased CSF levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IP-10, and TNF-α ( Figure 2 , panel C). We analyzed CSF inflammatory proteins (Milli-poreSigma, https://www.emdmillipore.com) by using a Luminex-200 platform and a modified manufacturer's protocol as described (9) . keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; csf; disease; igm; levels; patients; sars cache: cord-266034-811lov8f.txt plain text: cord-266034-811lov8f.txt item: #47 of 82 id: cord-266499-g1lajsp8 author: Han, Jae-Ik title: A multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction panel for detecting neurologic pathogens in dogs with meningoencephalitis date: 2015-09-21 words: 3083 flesch: 36 summary: Next, the performance of the mqPCR panel and singleplex PCR for each of the eight pathogens were compared directly to identify any negative effects of multiplexing on PCR detection. The results of singleplex and multiplex PCR were identical except for CDV, and CT differences between PCR reactions were not significant, demonstrating that multiplexing did not have a significant negative effect on sensitivity of the PCR. keywords: dogs; mqpcr; panel; pcr; time cache: cord-266499-g1lajsp8.txt plain text: cord-266499-g1lajsp8.txt item: #48 of 82 id: cord-268567-2xoubkxb author: Samannodi, Mohammed title: Compliance with international guidelines in adults with encephalitis date: 2020-04-14 words: 3278 flesch: 40 summary: We hope that this study will increase awareness of encephalitis guidelines among clinicians with goals to improve the care and outcomes of this devastating disease. The epidemiology, clinical features, and long-term prognosis of Japanese encephalitis in Central Sarawak Results of a multinational study suggest the need for rapid diagnosis and early antiviral treatment at the onset of herpetic meningoencephalitis The neurocognitive and MRI outcomes of West Nile virus infection: preliminary analysis using an external control group In search of encephalitis etiologies: diagnostic challenges in the California encephalitis project Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentation in England: a multicenter, population-based prospective study Challenge of the unknown. keywords: csf; encephalitis; guidelines; hsv; patients; pcr; study; virus cache: cord-268567-2xoubkxb.txt plain text: cord-268567-2xoubkxb.txt item: #49 of 82 id: cord-271011-5stsx5je author: Singh, M. title: Inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid analysis in cats: clinical diagnosis and outcome date: 2005-03-09 words: 6936 flesch: 50 summary: key: cord-271011-5stsx5je authors: Singh, M.; Foster, D.J.; Child, G.; Lamb, W.A. title: Inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid analysis in cats: clinical diagnosis and outcome date: 2005-03-09 journal: J Feline Med Surg DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2004.07.001 sha: doc_id: 271011 cord_uid: 5stsx5je CSF analysis alone was useful only in the diagnosis of cats with feline infectious peritonitis, Cryptococcus species infection, lymphoma and trauma. keywords: cats; cells; clinical; count; csf; diagnosis; disease; inflammatory; protein; signs cache: cord-271011-5stsx5je.txt plain text: cord-271011-5stsx5je.txt item: #50 of 82 id: cord-277889-8u685f45 author: Costela-Ruiz, Víctor J. title: SARS-CoV-2 infection: the role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease date: 2020-06-02 words: 9237 flesch: 42 summary: With respect to viral infections that target the respiratory system, Bot et al. observed that its expression during infection with an influenza virus had negative effects on CD8 + memory T cells [71] .Various studies of COVID-19 patients have detected elevated IL-4 levels as part of the cytokine storm associated with severe respiratory symptoms [16, 17, 43, 72] . f a subunit of the murine GM-CSF receptor A human high affinity interleukin-5 receptor (IL5R) is composed of an IL5-specific alpha chain and a beta chain shared with the receptor for GM-CSF Molecular analysis of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor Alveolar macrophages develop from fetal monocytes that differentiate into long-lived cells in the first week of life via GM-CSF Induction of the nuclear receptor PPAR-γ by the cytokine GM-CSF is critical for the differentiation of fetal monocytes into alveolar macrophages Studies on the bone marrow colony stimulating factor (CSF): relation of tissue CSF to serum CSF IL-4, IL-5, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects Pivotal roles of GM-CSF in autoimmunity and inflammation IP-10 in autoimmune thyroiditis TRAIL and IP-10 as biomarkers of viral infections in the emergency J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f department Interferon gamma in autoimmunity: A complicated player on a complex stage MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1): an overview Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection-a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients Targeting TNF and TNF Receptor Pathway in HIV-1 Infection: from Immune Activation to Viral Reservoirs COVID-19: keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; csf; cytokines; disease; factor; il-10; il-6; infection; levels; lung; patients; sars; study cache: cord-277889-8u685f45.txt plain text: cord-277889-8u685f45.txt item: #51 of 82 id: cord-282797-thywse7g author: Hwang, Yoon Jung title: Engineered Bacteriophage T7 as a Potent Anticancer Agent in vivo date: 2020-09-24 words: 6207 flesch: 49 summary: The observation that macrophage, one of the immune cells recruited in vivo, also migrated to tumor cells treated with phage T7 displaying the homing peptide and harboring expression cassette of GM-CSF in time-and dose-dependent manners in an in vitro transwell assay is coherent with in vivo results. One possibility for the lysis of tumor cells is immunological attack. keywords: cells; csf; figure; homing; mice; pep42; peptide; phage; tumor; virus cache: cord-282797-thywse7g.txt plain text: cord-282797-thywse7g.txt item: #52 of 82 id: cord-283202-5fq1wxz8 author: Kent, Marc title: The cat with neurological manifestations of systemic disease. Key conditions impacting on the CNS date: 2009-05-31 words: 7334 flesch: 36 summary: Unfortunately, very few references provide detailed descriptions of large cohorts of affected cats. 18 Hematology in affected cats usually reveals a normocytic, normochromic, nonregenerative anemia, leukocytosis consisting of a neutrophilia, and lymphopenia. keywords: ammonia; blood; cats; diagnosis; disease; feline; gondii; hypertension; infection; neurological; pressure; signs; toxoplasmosis; treatment cache: cord-283202-5fq1wxz8.txt plain text: cord-283202-5fq1wxz8.txt item: #53 of 82 id: cord-283367-azzy2t1a author: Rahman, Asma title: Neurological manifestations in COVID-19: A narrative review date: 2020-09-10 words: 4452 flesch: 48 summary: 14 Awareness by clinicians of the possibility of CVD in COVID-19 patients may lead to more timely management decisions and thus a reduction in both morbidity and mortality. Reports an association between stroke and pneumonia severity in COVID-19 patients. keywords: acute; cov-2; covid-19; csf; manifestations; patients; sars; stroke cache: cord-283367-azzy2t1a.txt plain text: cord-283367-azzy2t1a.txt item: #54 of 82 id: cord-284038-93s3ffoy author: Keyhanian, Kiandokht title: SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation date: 2020-11-07 words: 11721 flesch: 30 summary: Viruses Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Coupling viruses to dynein and kinesin-1. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Propagation of swine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus and pseudorabies virus in dorsal root ganglia cells Expression of the monoclonal antibody against nucleocapsid antigen of SARS-associated coronavirus in autopsy tissues from SARS patients. keywords: acute; brain; case; cells; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; csf; disease; encephalitis; et al; human; infection; patients; pcr; r n; receptor; sars; study; symptoms; syndrome; system cache: cord-284038-93s3ffoy.txt plain text: cord-284038-93s3ffoy.txt item: #55 of 82 id: cord-284963-p0y5rrpb author: Kipar, Anja title: Natural feline coronavirus infection: Differences in cytokine patterns in association with the outcome of infection date: 2006-08-15 words: 6443 flesch: 38 summary: Primer (f, r) and probe (p) sequences were as previously published for the following systems: IL-1b (76 bp PCR product; Kipar et al., 2001b) , IL-6 (110 bp PCR product; Kipar et al., 2001a,b) , IL-10 (76 bp PCR product; Leutenegger et al., 1999) , IL-12 p40 (81 bp PCR product; Leutenegger et al., 1999) , TNF (74 bp PCR product; Kipar et al., 2001b) and GAPDH (82 bp PCR product; Leutenegger et al., 1999) . Previous studies revealed major differences in the composition and functional state of lymphatic tissues of FCoV-infected cats with and without FIP (Kipar et al., 1999 (Kipar et al., , 2001a . keywords: cats; cells; csf; et al; fcov; feline; fip; il-10; kipar et; levels; macrophages; spf; transcription cache: cord-284963-p0y5rrpb.txt plain text: cord-284963-p0y5rrpb.txt item: #56 of 82 id: cord-285151-zynor0b2 author: Eisenhut, Michael title: Neopterin in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases date: 2013-12-08 words: 6009 flesch: 28 summary: Successful highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with a decrease in neopterin levels. Testing of 328 samples of 29 HIV infected individuals found that 44/68 (64.7%) of samples, which were HIV-1 RNA and p24 antigen positive had elevated neopterin levels (>10 nmol/L). keywords: csf; hepatitis; hiv; infection; levels; marker; neopterin; patients; serum; treatment; tuberculosis; urinary; virus cache: cord-285151-zynor0b2.txt plain text: cord-285151-zynor0b2.txt item: #57 of 82 id: cord-285833-7exenodj author: Alkan, Ali title: Double-edged sword: Granulocyte colony stimulating factors in cancer patients during the COVID-19 era date: 2020-07-02 words: 695 flesch: 33 summary: Granulocyte colony stimulating factors in cancer patients during the COVID-19 era date: 2020-07-02 journal: Clinics (Sao Paulo) DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e2033 sha: doc_id: 285833 cord_uid: 7exenodj nan To the Editor, The whole world is struggling because of coronavirus disease , and it has already triggered a series of crises. Cancer patients have been heavily impacted by the onset of this pandemic. keywords: patients cache: cord-285833-7exenodj.txt plain text: cord-285833-7exenodj.txt item: #58 of 82 id: cord-286149-awhnjwyc author: Hoon‐Hanks, L.L. title: Metagenomic Investigation of Idiopathic Meningoencephalomyelitis in Dogs date: 2017-12-02 words: 5444 flesch: 46 summary: All taxonomic identifications (TAXIDs) present within MUO samples that were also present in NM samples were removed from further analysis. Next, remaining TAXIDs were compared between MUO samples. keywords: brain; cases; csf; disease; dna; minutes; muo; rna; samples; sequences cache: cord-286149-awhnjwyc.txt plain text: cord-286149-awhnjwyc.txt item: #59 of 82 id: cord-289744-suiqh3gv author: Lafolie, Jérémy title: Assessment of blood enterovirus PCR testing in paediatric populations with fever without source, sepsis-like disease, or suspected meningitis: a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study date: 2018-10-30 words: 4728 flesch: 42 summary: 27, 28 Accordingly, the concentrations of circulating mono nuclear cells at different ages and the ability of entero virus genotypes to replicate in these cells can affect the sensitivity of blood enterovirus detection. This finding substantiates those of previous single-centre studies [7] [8] [9] and lends support to use of blood enterovirus testing as a diagnostic adjunct to rapidly identify newborn babies and infants admitted with fever without source, sepsislike disease, or suspected meningitis whose antibiotic treatment can be discontinued and who are eligible for discharge. keywords: blood; csf; enterovirus; infants; meningitis; patients; pcr; samples; sepsis; study cache: cord-289744-suiqh3gv.txt plain text: cord-289744-suiqh3gv.txt item: #60 of 82 id: cord-289861-i6bfuvq1 author: Macdonald-Laurs, Emma title: CSF neopterin, a useful biomarker in children presenting with influenza associated encephalopathy? date: 2018-09-28 words: 4249 flesch: 42 summary: Children with IAE were more likely to have both longer hospital (mean 33.5 days vs 4.8 days; p ¼ 0.001) and PICU admissions (mean 7.7 days vs 2 days; p ¼ 0.03) compared to children with status epilepticus. Children older than six months were eligible to be vaccinated and the vaccine was provided free to children with neurological disease. keywords: children; csf; encephalopathy; iae; influenza; neopterin; outcome; status cache: cord-289861-i6bfuvq1.txt plain text: cord-289861-i6bfuvq1.txt item: #61 of 82 id: cord-291553-j9nn5g70 author: Fridholm, Helena title: Human pegivirus detected in a patient with severe encephalitis using a metagenomic pan-virus array date: 2016-01-29 words: 2018 flesch: 43 summary: A reassessment of the literature on the hepatitis G virus GB virus-C-a virus without a disease: we cannot give it chronic fatigue syndrome Lack of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus sequences in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with central nervous system infections A case-control study of transmission routes for GB virus C/hepatitis G virus in Swedish blood donors lacking markers for hepatitis C virus infection GB virus C/hepatitis G virus infection in patients investigated for chronic liver disease and in the general population in southern Sweden Prevalence of GB virus C (also called hepatitis G virus) markers in Norwegian blood donors Seroprevalence of GB virus C and persistence of RNA and antibody A novel T cell evasion mechanism in persistent RNA virus infection Humoral immune response to the E2 protein of hepatitis G virus is associated with long-term recovery from infection and reveals a high frequency of hepatitis G virus exposure among healthy blood donors GB Virus C epidemiology in denmark: different routes of transmission in children and low-and high-risk adults Detection of antibodies to a putative hepatitis G virus envelope protein Antibody to GBV-C second envelope glycoprotein (anti-GBV-C E2): is it a marker for immunity? Prevalence of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus RNA and E2 antibody among subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 after parenteral or sexual exposure Evidence that the GBV-C/Hepatitis G virus is primarily a lymphotropic virus Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study Etiology of encephalitis in Australia Actionable diagnosis of neuroleptospirosis by next-generation sequencing Diagnosis of neuroinvasive astrovirus infection in an immunocompromised adult with encephalitis by unbiased next-generation sequencing The authors declare no conflicts of interests. Diagnostic value of anti-GBV-C antibodies in HIV-infected patients GB virus C coinfections in West African Ebola patients Acquisition of GB virus type C and lower mortality in patients with advanced HIV disease The microbial detection array for detection of emerging viruses in clinical samples-a useful panmicrobial diagnostic tool A microbial detection array (MDA) for viral and bacterial detection Multiplex real-time PCR for the detection and quantification of latent and persistent viral genomes in cellular or plasma blood fractions Hepatitis C virus and GB virus C/hepatitis G virus viremia in Swedish blood donors with different alanine aminotransferase levels Evidence for extensive genotypic diversity and recombination of GB virus C (GBV-C) in Germany The GB viruses: a review and proposed classification of GBV-A, GBV-C (HGV), and GBV-D in genus Pegivirus within the family Flaviviridae G-pers creepers, where'd you get those papers? keywords: csf; encephalitis; hepatitis; hpgv; virus cache: cord-291553-j9nn5g70.txt plain text: cord-291553-j9nn5g70.txt item: #62 of 82 id: cord-298894-t5hyfum3 author: Rifino, Nicola title: Neurologic manifestations in 1760 COVID-19 patients admitted to Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy date: 2020-10-07 words: 4694 flesch: 41 summary: Although soon after all Italian regions reported patients with COVID-19, the highest number of cases was in Eastern Lombardy [2] , specifically in the Bergamo's province with 11,313 confirmed COVID-19 patients up to April 30th 2020 Patients with peripheral nervous system involvement had more frequently severe ARDS compared to patients with cerebrovascular disease (87.1% vs 42%; difference = 45.1% 95% CI 42.0–48.2; χ(2)= 14.306; p < 0.0002) and with altered mental status (87.1% vs 55.6%; difference = 31.5% 95% CI 27.5–37.5%; χ(2)= 7.055; p < 0.01). keywords: acute; cases; cov-2; covid-19; csf; disease; infection; involvement; patients; sars; study cache: cord-298894-t5hyfum3.txt plain text: cord-298894-t5hyfum3.txt item: #63 of 82 id: cord-302435-6nrfipz8 author: Jay, Taylor R. title: TREM2 in Neurodegenerative Diseases date: 2017-08-02 words: 21802 flesch: 44 summary: How TREM2 variants affect TREM2 expression is a topic currently under investigation. It may be that TREM2 variants also alter TREM2 expression in distinct ways. keywords: activation; alzheimer; amyloid; association; brain; cells; changes; dap12; deficient; disease; expression; function; immune; levels; mice; microglia; models; mouse; myeloid; patients; protein; r47h; receptor; response; risk; role; signaling; studies; trem2; trem2 expression; trem2 variants; variants cache: cord-302435-6nrfipz8.txt plain text: cord-302435-6nrfipz8.txt item: #64 of 82 id: cord-307563-almkb3zd author: Tan, Donald T.H. title: Efficacy of neural vision therapy to enhance contrast sensitivity function and visual acuity in low myopia date: 2008-04-30 words: 4428 flesch: 42 summary: In some instances, to focus treatment visual training on the worst eye, a neutral density filter to fog vision over the better eye is used in the training glasses. Finally, there is mounting evidence that neural plasticity persists in adult amblyopia 22, [24] [25] [26] [27] as in several studies of visual improvement in adult amblyopia in which visual loss in the good eye resulted in improved vision in the amblyopic eye. keywords: acuity; contrast; csf; eye; improvement; logmar; study; subjects; treatment; ucva cache: cord-307563-almkb3zd.txt plain text: cord-307563-almkb3zd.txt item: #65 of 82 id: cord-309476-hel3h25h author: Brown, Julianne R. title: Encephalitis diagnosis using metagenomics: application of next generation sequencing for undiagnosed cases date: 2018-01-02 words: 5817 flesch: 31 summary: This approach has fundamental limitations, and contributes to the relatively high proportion of encephalitis cases that remain undiagnosed. key: cord-309476-hel3h25h authors: Brown, Julianne R.; Bharucha, Tehmina; Breuer, Judith title: Encephalitis diagnosis using metagenomics: application of next generation sequencing for undiagnosed cases date: 2018-01-02 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.12.014 sha: doc_id: 309476 cord_uid: hel3h25h BACKGROUND: Current estimates suggest that even in the most resourced settings, the aetiology of encephalitis is identified in less than half of clinical cases. keywords: cases; csf; detection; diagnosis; encephalitis; infection; metagenomics; ngs; pathogen; sequencing; virus cache: cord-309476-hel3h25h.txt plain text: cord-309476-hel3h25h.txt item: #66 of 82 id: cord-310299-isdsestc author: Hosseini, Akram A. title: Delirium as a presenting feature in COVID-19: neuroinvasive infection or autoimmune encephalopathy? date: 2020-06-09 words: 986 flesch: 42 summary: Viruses Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. (SARS-CoV-2) Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? keywords: brain; cov2; csf; sars cache: cord-310299-isdsestc.txt plain text: cord-310299-isdsestc.txt item: #67 of 82 id: cord-313208-nfu8rdvh author: Muccioli, Lorenzo title: Subcortical myoclonus in COVID‐19: comprehensive evaluation of a patient date: 2020-08-07 words: 878 flesch: 41 summary: key: cord-313208-nfu8rdvh authors: Muccioli, Lorenzo; Rondelli, Francesca; Ferri, Lorenzo; Rossini, Giada; Cortelli, Pietro; Guarino, Maria title: Subcortical myoclonus in COVID‐19: comprehensive evaluation of a patient date: 2020-08-07 journal: In our patient, the prominent involvement of axial and proximal limb muscles, myoclonus stimulussensitivity, the absence of cortical discharges at EEG jerk-locked back-averaging and the long duration myoclonic bursts, are consistent with subcortical myoclonus, possibly secondary to brainstem involvement. keywords: covid-19; myoclonus; patient cache: cord-313208-nfu8rdvh.txt plain text: cord-313208-nfu8rdvh.txt item: #68 of 82 id: cord-320474-jyk7zphp author: Bonaventura, Aldo title: Targeting GM-CSF in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Rationale and Strategies date: 2020-07-03 words: 5094 flesch: 28 summary: GM-CSF signals are mediated by the GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSF-R) consisting of a specific ligand-binding α-chain (GM CSF-Rα) and a signal-transducing β-chain (GM CSF-Rβ) ( Figure 1A) . The two-faced cytokine IL-6 in host defense and diseases Identification of predictive biomarkers for cytokine release syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia Cytokine release syndrome: who is at risk and how to treat Toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: recognition and management The biology of GM-CSF: regulation of production and interaction with its receptor Pivotal roles of GM-CSF in autoimmunity and inflammation Alternative modes of GM-CSF receptor activation revealed using activated mutants of the common beta-subunit Glucocorticoids promote apoptosis of proinflammatory monocytes by inhibiting ERK activity GM-CSF-dependent inflammatory pathways GM-CSF in inflammation Differential expression of IFN regulatory factor 4 gene in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and macrophages Control of T helper 2 responses by transcription factor IRF4-dependent dendritic cells Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces CCL17 production via IRF4 to mediate inflammation Myocarditis elicits dendritic cell and monocyte infiltration in the heart and self-antigen presentation by conventional type 2 dendritic cells GM-CSF-and IRF4-dependent signaling can regulate myeloid cell numbers and the macrophage phenotype during inflammation Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and T-cell responses: what we do and don't know Rheumatoid arthritis: opposing actions of haemopoietic growth factors and slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs GM-CSF in inflammation and autoimmunity Colony-stimulating factors in inflammation and autoimmunity GM-CSF mediates autoimmunity by enhancing IL-6-dependent Th17 cell development and survival RORgammat drives production of the cytokine GM-CSF in helper T cells, which is essential for the effector phase of autoimmune neuroinflammation Colony stimulating factors and myeloid cell biology in health and disease Orally administered IL-6 induces elevated intestinal GM-CSF gene expression and splenic CFU-GM Inflammasomederived IL-1beta regulates the production of GM-CSF by CD4(+) T cells and gammadelta T cells IL-1beta and TNFalpha promote monocyte viability through the induction of GM-CSF expression by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts G-CSF and IL-8 but not GM-CSF correlate with severity of pulmonary neutrophilia in acute respiratory distress syndrome Modulation of neutrophil apoptosis by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor during the course of acute respiratory distress syndrome The pathogenic involvement of neutrophils in acute respiratory distress syndrome and transfusion-related acute lung injury Novel findings in neutrophil biology and their impact on cardiovascular disease Dual role of GM-CSF as a pro-inflammatory and a regulatory cytokine: implications for immune therapy Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-modified autologous tumor vaccines in non-small-cell lung cancer Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis makes a significant contribution to clearance of influenza virus infections Alveolar macrophages in the resolution of inflammation, tissue repair, and tolerance to infection Pathogenicity of influenza viruses with genes from the 1918 pandemic virus: functional roles of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in limiting virus replication and mortality in mice Alveolar macrophages are indispensable for controlling influenza viruses in lungs of pigs GM-CSF in the lung protects against lethal influenza infection Delivery of GM-CSF to protect against influenza pneumonia Identification of a nerve-associated, lung-resident interstitial macrophage subset with distinct localization and immunoregulatory properties Involvement of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in pulmonary homeostasis Pulmonary epithelial cell expression of GM-CSF corrects the alveolar proteinosis in GM-CSF-deficient mice A dual role for the immune response in a mouse model of inflammation-associated lung cancer Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in adults: pathophysiology and clinical approach Hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, and therapy Aberrant pathogenic GM-CSF + T cells and inflammatory CD14 + CD16 + monocytes in severe pulmonary syndrome patients of a new coronavirus. keywords: cells; covid-19; csf; cytokine; factor; il-6; lung; macrophages; mavrilimumab; patients cache: cord-320474-jyk7zphp.txt plain text: cord-320474-jyk7zphp.txt item: #69 of 82 id: cord-320940-e7ic2pnc author: Yang, Jiancheng title: Nanosensor networks for health-care applications date: 2020-02-14 words: 5283 flesch: 42 summary: The new high resolution crystal structure of NS2B-NS3 protease of Zika virus Structure of the immature Zika virus at 9Å resolution The 3.8Å resolution cryo-EM structure of Zika virus Structural features of Zika virus non-structural proteins 3 and -5 and its individual domains in solution as well as insights into NS3 inhibition Postnatal identification of Zika virus peptides from saliva Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management Microbiological, biological, and chemical weapons of warfare and terrorism Botulinum toxin detection using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors Long-term stability study of botulinum toxin detection with AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor based sensors Electrical detection of biomaterials using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors Mercury levels along the food chain and risk for exposed populations Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead in common foods and estimated daily intake by children, adolescents, adults, and seniors of Catalonia, Spain A review of the studies of the cardiovascular health effects of methylmercury with consideration of their suitability for risk assessment Low dose mercury toxicity and human health Mercury and autism: accelerating evidence? Mercury (II) selective sensors based on AlGaN/GaN transistors AlGaN/GaN-based biosensor for label-free detection of biological activity Sensors using AlGaN/GaN based high electron mobility transistor for environmental and bio-applications Fast electrical detection of Hg(II) ions with AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors Selective detection of Hg(II) ions from Cu(II) and Pb(II) using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors A mercury(II) selective sensor based on N,N 0 -bis(salicylaldehyde)-phenylenediamine as neutral carrier for potentiometric analysis in water samples The potential use of saliva to detect recurrence of disease in women with breast carcinoma The use of soluble, salivary c-erbB-2 for the detection and post-operative follow-up of breast cancer in women: the results of a five-year translational research study The use of surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to detect putative breast cancer markers in saliva: a feasibility study Salivary analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer: a role for the general dentist c-erbB-2 sensing using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors for breast cancer detection Prostate-specific antigen doubling time as a surrogate marker for evaluation of oncologic drugs to treat prostate cancer Prostate-specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer Biosensor developments: application to prostate-specific antigen detection Prostate specific antigen detection using AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors The bloodÀbrain barrier: an overview Implications of the discovery of brain lymphatic pathways Diagnostic relevance of β2-transferrin for the detection of cerebrospinal fluid fistulas Surgical repair of spontaneous CSF leaks: a systematic review Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Detection of beta-2 transferrin in otorrhea and rhinorrhea in a routine clinical laboratory setting Clinical experience with beta-trace protein as a marker for cerebrospinal fluid Retrospective study of endoscopic management of CSF rhinorrhoea-a case series Comprehensive algorithm for skull base dural lesion and cerebrospinal fluid fistula diagnosis Skull base cerebrospinal fluid fistulas: a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm Comparison of β-2-transferrin and β-trace protein for detection of cerebrospinal fluid in nasal and ear fluids Perilymph detection by β2-transferrin immunoblotting assay. Particle-based assays allow for multiple detections by using multiple beads, but the whole detection process is generally longer than 2 hours, which is not practical for in-office or bedside detection. keywords: algan; antibody; antigen; cancer; csf; current; data; detection; fluid; gan; mobility; protein; sensor; time cache: cord-320940-e7ic2pnc.txt plain text: cord-320940-e7ic2pnc.txt item: #70 of 82 id: cord-323024-blc3mnbj author: Bernard-Valnet, R. title: CSF of SARS-CoV-2 patients with neurological syndromes reveals hints to understand pathophysiology date: 2020-11-04 words: 3506 flesch: 42 summary: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was explained by a rupture of the blood brain barrier (passive transfer) in 6/16 (37,5%), but an intrathecal synthesis of SARS-CoV2-specific antibodies was present in 2/17.As compared to SARS-CoV-2-negative NIND patients, the CSF of IND patients exhibited the highest level of chemokines (CCL4, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL12, and CXCL13), followed the CSF of MS patients (CXCL12, and CXCL13). There was no difference between COVID-19 patients with neurological diseases compared to NIND even if some chemokines (CCL4, CCL5, CXCL8, andCXCL10) tended to be higher than NIND. keywords: antibodies; brain; cov-2; covid-19; csf; patients; preprint; sars cache: cord-323024-blc3mnbj.txt plain text: cord-323024-blc3mnbj.txt item: #71 of 82 id: cord-327444-y2464gjh author: Wilson, M.R. title: Meningitis, Viral date: 2014-05-01 words: 3379 flesch: 37 summary: Older data suggest that HSV-2 accounts for 2-3% of viral meningitis cases. This article provides an overview of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, causes, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment of the most common causes of viral meningitis in the United States. keywords: agents; cases; cause; csf; infection; meningitis; patients; virus cache: cord-327444-y2464gjh.txt plain text: cord-327444-y2464gjh.txt item: #72 of 82 id: cord-328763-hcbs20a0 author: Ifergan, Igal title: Potential for Targeting Myeloid Cells in Controlling CNS Inflammation date: 2020-10-06 words: 11076 flesch: 27 summary: 1 receptor inhibition prevents microglial plaque association and improves cognition in 3xTg-AD mice Pharmacological targeting of CSF1R inhibits microglial proliferation and prevents the progression of Alzheimer's-like pathology Early long-term administration of the CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 ablates microglia and reduces accumulation of intraneuronal amyloid, neuritic plaque deposition and pre-fibrillar oligomers in 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease The selective M-CSF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Ki20227 suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Tyrosine kinase inhibitors ameliorate autoimmune encephalomyelitis in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis Cytokine and chemokine alterations in tissue, CSF, and plasma in early presymptomatic phase of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), in a rat model of multiple sclerosis Csf1R inhibition attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and promotes recovery Inhibition of colony-stimulating-factor-1 signaling in vivo with the orally bioavailable cFMS kinase inhibitor GW2580 Cellular and molecular neuropathology of the cuprizone mouse model: clinical relevance for multiple sclerosis mCSF-induced microglial activation prevents myelin loss and promotes its repair in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis The relative number of macrophages/microglia expressing macrophage colonystimulating factor and its receptor decreases in multiple sclerosis lesions Adverse Event Oncotarget Kinase Inhibit KIT inhibition by imatinib in patients with severe refractory asthma Preclinical overview of sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets both Raf and VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase signaling Bruton's tyrosine kinase: an emerging key player in innate immunity Development of TH1 CD4+ T cells through IL-12 produced by Listeria-induced macrophages A crucial role for interleukin (IL)-1 in the induction of IL-17-producing T cells that mediate autoimmune encephalomyelitis Generation of pathogenic T(H)17 cells in the absence of TGF-beta signalling The induction of EAE is only partially dependent on TNF receptor signaling but requires the IL-1 type I receptor Inflammasomederived IL-1beta regulates the production of GM-CSF by CD4(+) T cells and gammadelta T cells Myeloid cell transmigration across the CNS vasculature triggers IL-1beta-driven neuroinflammation during autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice Experimental priming of encephalitogenic Th1/Th17 cells requires pertussis toxin-driven IL-1beta production by myeloid cells Critical regulation of early Th17 cell differentiation by interleukin-1 signaling Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats by influencing the activation and proliferation of encephalitogenic cells A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases Activated IL-1RI signaling pathway induces Th17 cell differentiation via interferon regulatory factor 4 signaling in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis The adhesion molecule and cytokine profile of multiple sclerosis lesions New insights into the role of IL-1beta in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis Involvement of the IL-1 system in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis: breaking the vicious cycle between IL-1beta and GM-CSF Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in humans Novel p19 protein engages IL-12p40 to form a cytokine, IL-23, with biological activities similar as well as distinct from IL-12 Role of IL-12 receptor beta 1 in regulation of T cell response by APC in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in IL-12 receptor-beta 2-deficient mice: IL-12 responsiveness is not required in the pathogenesis of inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system Cutting edge: IL-23 receptor gfp reporter mice reveal distinct populations of IL-17-producing cells Interleukin-23 rather than interleukin-12 is the critical cytokine for autoimmune inflammation of the brain Anti-IL-12 antibody prevents the development and progression of multiple sclerosis-like relapsing-remitting demyelinating disease in NOD mice induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide Modulation of susceptibility and resistance to an autoimmune model of multiple sclerosis in prototypically susceptible and resistant strains by neutralization of interleukin-12 and interleukin-4, respectively Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in common marmosets using an anti-IL-12p40 monoclonal antibody Anti-IL-23 therapy inhibits multiple inflammatory pathways and ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis Elevated interleukin-12 in progressive multiple sclerosis correlates with disease activity and is normalized by pulse cyclophosphamide therapy Interleukin-12 and perforin mRNA expression is augmented in blood mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosis Decreased interleukin-10 and increased interleukin-12p40 mRNA are associated with disease activity and characterize different disease stages in multiple sclerosis Expression of costimulatory molecules B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), and interleukin 12 cytokine in multiple sclerosis lesions Increased IL-23p19 expression in multiple sclerosis lesions and its induction in microglia Repeated subcutaneous injections of IL12/23 p40 neutralising antibody, ustekinumab, in patients with relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis: a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, dose-ranging study Why did IL-12/IL-23 antibody therapy fail in multiple sclerosis? In addition to the direct effect on T cells, it was also shown that the decreased ability of miR-155 KO mice to mount inflammatory T cell responses was linked to DCs secreting less cytokines critical for driving T H 1 and T H 17 responses, mainly IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF (199) . keywords: autoimmune; cells; cns; csf; disease; eae; expression; factor; immune; macrophages; mice; monocytes; myeloid; nanoparticles; patients; receptor; sclerosis; targeting cache: cord-328763-hcbs20a0.txt plain text: cord-328763-hcbs20a0.txt item: #73 of 82 id: cord-329527-0rlotyz3 author: Bohmwald, Karen title: Neurologic Alterations Due to Respiratory Virus Infections date: 2018-10-26 words: 11066 flesch: 38 summary: Besides respiratory tract infections, these viruses have been associated with neurological clinical manifestations in patients with a severe occurrence of the respiratory disease (Antonucci and Fanos, 2005; Akins et al., 2010; Antonucci et al., 2010; Desforges et al., 2014a; Fok et al., 2015; Algahtani et al., 2016) . Commonly, the invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) and the subsequent pathology have been more studied in infection caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV), measles virus (MV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), among others (Koyuncu et al., 2013) . keywords: brain; cells; cns; csf; detection; encephalitis; et al; hmpv; hrsv; human; infection; influenza; mice; patients; respiratory; viral; virus; viruses; year cache: cord-329527-0rlotyz3.txt plain text: cord-329527-0rlotyz3.txt item: #74 of 82 id: cord-333186-gxs74wit author: Ashhurst, Thomas Myles title: The plasticity of inflammatory monocyte responses to the inflamed central nervous system date: 2014-10-31 words: 8548 flesch: 33 summary: Fate mapping analysis reveals that adult microglia derive from primitive macrophages Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis Subpopulations of mouse blood monocytes differ in maturation stage and inflammatory response Blood monocytes consist of two principal subsets with distinct migratory properties Monocyte recruitment during infection and inflammation A clonogenic bone marrow progenitor specific for macrophages and dendritic cells Origin of monocytes and macrophages in a committed progenitor Monitoring of blood vessels and tissues by a population of monocytes with patrolling behavior Accelerated dendritic cell differentiation from migrating Ly6C(lo) bone marrow monocytes in early dermal West Nile virus infection Ly6c+ 'inflammatory monocytes' are microglial precursors recruited in a pathogenic manner in West Nile virus encephalitis Microglia in the adult brain arise from Ly-6ChiCCR2+ monocytes only under defined host conditions Recruitment of beneficial M2 macrophages to injured spinal cord is orchestrated by remote brain choroid plexus Inflammatory modulation of HSCs: viewing the HSC as a foundation for the immune response Monocyte emigration from bone marrow during bacterial infection requires signals mediated by chemokine receptor CCR2 Dissecting negative regulation of Toll-like receptor signaling MyD88 and Type I interferon receptor-mediated chemokine induction and monocyte recruitment during Listeria monocytogenes infection Type I interferon signaling regulates Ly6C(hi) monocytes and neutrophils during acute viral pneumonia in mice Quiescent haematopoietic stem cells are activated by IFN-gamma in response to chronic infection IFNalpha activates dormant haematopoietic stem cells in vivo Circulating Ly-6C+ myeloid precursors migrate to the CNS and play a pathogenic role during autoimmune demyelinating disease Targeted blockade in lethal West Nile virus encephalitis indicates a crucial role for very late antigen (VLA)-4-dependent recruitment of nitric oxide-producing macrophages CNS myeloid DCs presenting endogenous myelin peptides 'preferentially' polarize CD4+ T(H)-17 cells in relapsing EAE Role of pathogens in multiple sclerosis Bone marrow mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells induce monocyte emigration in response to circulating tolllike receptor ligands Antiviral type I and type III interferon responses in the central nervous system Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in immunity Role of IFN-gamma in an experimental murine model of West Nile virus-induced seizures Trafficking of immune cells in the central nervous system The CCL2 synthesis inhibitor bindarit targets cells of the neurovascular unit, and suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Additive roles for MCP-1 and MCP-3 in CCR2-mediated recruitment of inflammatory monocytes during Listeria monocytogenes infection Chemokine receptor CCR5 promotes leukocyte trafficking to the brain and survival in West Nile virus infection CCR1+/CCR5+ mononuclear phagocytes accumulate in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis Expression of chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5 reflects differential activation of mononuclear phagocytes in pattern II and pattern III multiple sclerosis lesions Elevated expression of fractalkine (CX3CL1) and fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: implications in multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain Monocyte subsets differentially employ CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 to accumulate within atherosclerotic plaques L-selectin-deficient mice have impaired leukocyte recruitment into inflammatory sites Monocyte migration to inflamed skin and lymph nodes is differentially controlled by L-selectin and PSGL-1 Kinetics of proinflammatory monocytes in a model of multiple sclerosis and its perturbation by laquinimod Immune modulation by flaviviruses Ifit2 deficiency results in uncontrolled neurotropic coronavirus replication and enhanced encephalitis via impaired IFNalpha/beta induction in macrophages Myelomonocytic cell recruitment causes fatal CNS vascular injury during acute viral meningitis Hippocampal protection in mice with an attenuated inflammatory monocyte response to acute CNS picornavirus infection CCL2 transgene expression in the central nervous system directs diffuse infiltration of CD45(high)CD11b(+) monocytes and enhanced Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelinating disease IFNgamma influences type I interferon response and susceptibility to Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease Visualization of Central European tick-borne encephalitis infection in fatal human cases Inflammatory response in human tick-borne encephalitis: analysis of postmortem brain tissue Infiltrating macrophages are key to the development of seizures following virus infection Maturation and localization of macrophages and microglia during infection with a neurotropic murine coronavirus Modulating inflammatory monocytes with a unique microRNA gene signature ameliorates murine ALS CD11b+Ly-6C(hi) suppressive monocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Epitope spreading initiates in the CNS in two mouse models of multiple sclerosis Therapeutic inflammatory monocyte modulation using immune-modifying microparticles Blood monocyte subsets differentially give rise to CD103+ and CD103À pulmonary dendritic cell populations Differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells in a model of transendothelial trafficking Endogenous production and peripheral blood levels of granulocyte-macrophage (GM-) and granulocyte (G-) colony-stimulating factors Functions of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Transgenic expression of CSF-1 in CSF-1 receptor-expressing cells leads to macrophage activation, osteoporosis, and early death GM-CSF in the generation of dendritic cells from human blood monocyte precursors: recent advances Th17 cells induce Th1-polarizing monocyte-derived dendritic cells Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor down-regulates CD14 expression on monocytes Interleukin 4 down-regulates the expression of CD14 in normal human monocytes Efficient presentation of soluble antigen by cultured human dendritic cells is maintained by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin 4 and downregulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha In-vitro differentiation of mature dendritic cells from human blood monocytes Generation of CD1+RelB+ dendritic cells and tartrateresistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells from human monocytes Monocyte-derived dendritic cells Differentiation of human dendritic cells from monocytes in vitro Inflammation switches the differentiation program of Ly6Chi monocytes from antiinflammatory macrophages to inflammatory dendritic cells in the colon Granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and macrophage CSFdependent macrophage phenotypes display differences in cytokine profiles and transcription factor activities: implications for CSF blockade in inflammation Dendritic cells as the terminal stage of monocyte differentiation Interferon-gamma switches monocyte differentiation from dendritic cells to macrophages GM-CSF controls nonlymphoid tissue dendritic cell homeostasis but is dispensable for the differentiation of inflammatory dendritic cells Langerhans cells arise from monocytes in vivo IL-6 switches the differentiation of monocytes from dendritic cells to macrophages Diverse activation of microglia by chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 overexpression in brain Th1 immune response takeover among patients with severe Japanese encephalitis infection Proinflammatory mediators released by activated microglia induces neuronal death in Japanese encephalitis Prolonged microglial cell activation and lymphocyte infiltration following experimental herpes encephalitis Glial activation involvement in neuronal death by Japanese encephalitis virus infection RIG-I mediates innate immune response in mouse neurons following Japanese encephalitis virus infection The bacteriostatic protein lipocalin 2 is induced in the central nervous system of mice with West Nile virus encephalitis The blood-brain barrier induces differentiation of migrating monocytes into Th17-polarizing dendritic cells Differentiation of monocytes to macrophages induced by influenza virus-infected apoptotic cells Caspase-8 serves both apoptotic and nonapoptotic roles Specific involvement of caspases in the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages Human cytomegalovirus stimulates monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation via the temporal regulation of caspase 3 ER stress induced impaired TLR signaling and macrophage differentiation of human monocytes IL-1beta triggers the differentiation of macrophages with enhanced capacity to present mycobacterial antigen to T cells TLR activation triggers the rapid differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and dendritic cells The innate immune adaptor molecule MyD88 restricts West Nile virus replication and spread in neurons of the central nervous system West Nile virus nonstructural protein 1 inhibits TLR3 signal transduction Targeting Toll-like receptors: emerging therapeutics for multiple sclerosis management Qin, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses TLR8 expression and TLR8-mediated inflammatory responses in monocytes in vitro and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in vivo Interleukin-32 induces the differentiation of monocytes into macrophage-like cells NOD2 triggers an interleukin-32-dependent human dendritic cell program in leprosy Differential regulation of human interferon A gene expression by interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 IRF family of transcription factors as regulators of host defense Interferon regulatory factor IRF-7 induces the antiviral alpha interferon response and protects against lethal West Nile virus infection Differential regulation of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-7 and IRF-9 gene expression in the central nervous system during viral infection IRF3 helps control acute TMEV infection through IL-6 expression but contributes to acute hippocampus damage following TMEV infection Neurons produce type I interferon during viral encephalitis Interferon regulatory factor-7 modulates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice ICSBP/IRF-8 retrovirus transduction rescues dendritic cell development in vitro ICSBP is essential for the development of mouse type I interferon-producing cells and for the generation and activation of CD8alpha(+) dendritic cells Essential role for ICSBP in the in vivo development of murine CD8alpha + dendritic cells IFN regulatory factor 8 is a key constitutive determinant of the morphological and molecular properties of microglia in the CNS ICSBP directs bipotential myeloid progenitor cells to differentiate into mature macrophages Monocyte differentiation to macrophage requires interferon regulatory factor 7 Critical role of IRF-8 in negative regulation of TLR3 expression by Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 activity in human myeloid dendritic cells Differential expression of IFN regulatory factor 4 gene in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and macrophages IRF-4 expression in the human myeloid lineage: up-regulation during dendritic cell differentiation and inhibition by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Natural killer cells trigger differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells IL-10 dampens TNF/inducible nitric oxide synthaseproducing dendritic cell-mediated pathogenicity during parasitic infection keywords: cells; cns; csf; differentiation; encephalitis; ifn; infection; inflammatory; ly6c; mice; monocytes cache: cord-333186-gxs74wit.txt plain text: cord-333186-gxs74wit.txt item: #75 of 82 id: cord-333805-xmqs2ax7 author: Romoli, Michele title: A systematic review of neurological manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: the devil is hidden in the details date: 2020-06-05 words: 4032 flesch: 41 summary: They found that COVID-19 patients were significantly younger (81%) and a high rate of smell (45%) and taste disorders (90.%). A multicentre retrospective study evaluated the occurrence of seizures in COVID-19 patients [19] . keywords: case; covid-19; csf; disease; infection; patients; pcr; sars; study cache: cord-333805-xmqs2ax7.txt plain text: cord-333805-xmqs2ax7.txt item: #76 of 82 id: cord-341603-i9j8185y author: Mejdoubi, Anasse title: Neurosyphilis revealed by compressive cervical spine syphilitic gumma: a case report date: 2020-06-30 words: 2078 flesch: 33 summary: Almost all of reported spinal syphilitic gumma cases were suspected as spinal tumors and they were undergoing surgery. Spinal syphilitic gumma is a rare manifestation and its association with cerebral involvement is exceptional. keywords: case; gumma; neurosyphilis; spinal; syphilitic cache: cord-341603-i9j8185y.txt plain text: cord-341603-i9j8185y.txt item: #77 of 82 id: cord-343148-rp3kmd80 author: Ayatollahi, Parisa title: Possible Autoimmune Encephalitis with Claustrum Sign in case of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection date: 2020-09-17 words: 1037 flesch: 32 summary: Claustrum hyperintensities: a potential clue to autoimmune epilepsy A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis New-onset refractory status epilepticus with claustrum damage: definition of the clinical and neuroimaging features A first case of meningitis/ encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 A case of limbic encephalitis associated with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis Neurological and neuropsychiatric impacts of COVID-19 pandemic Neurologic and neuroimaging findings in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective multicenter study Follow-up brain MRI 1 month after scan shown in Figure 1. CSF PCR for SARS-CoV-2 has been nearly invariably negative not only in presumptive COVID-19 encephalitis patients but also in patients with severe systemic COVID-19 illness and neurological/ neuroimaging abnormalities, suggesting neurological abnormalities may not be due to glioneuronal infection with SARS-CoV-2. keywords: claustrum; covid-19; encephalitis; hyperintensities cache: cord-343148-rp3kmd80.txt plain text: cord-343148-rp3kmd80.txt item: #78 of 82 id: cord-345210-6f8niif5 author: Tadavarthy, Silpa N. title: Developing and Implementing an Infection Prevention and Control Program for a COVID-19 Alternative Care Site in Philadelphia, PA date: 2020-07-19 words: 4230 flesch: 47 summary: A similar approach was used to standardize IPC staff orientation and PPE donning and doffing competency check-offs. Having an IP or IP designee present 24 hours a day, seven days a week in the -red zone‖ was invaluable in managing staff IPC expectations. keywords: care; covid-19; csf; facility; hand; ipc; patient; ppe; staff; team; use cache: cord-345210-6f8niif5.txt plain text: cord-345210-6f8niif5.txt item: #79 of 82 id: cord-345267-u24g6607 author: Lang, Frederick M. title: GM-CSF-based treatments in COVID-19: reconciling opposing therapeutic approaches date: 2020-06-23 words: 6022 flesch: 19 summary: This Perspective discusses the pleiotropic biology of GM-CSF and the scientific merits behind these contrasting approaches. mutations that ablate GM-CSFR function) causes pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), a life-threatening interstitial lung disease in which dysfunctional alveolar macrophages cannot clear surfactant 16 . GM-CSFR is mainly expressed on myeloid cells, generally restricting the direct-acting function of GM-CSF to cells of this lineage. keywords: acute; cells; colony; covid-19; csf; cytokine; disease; factor; lung; macrophage; myeloid; patients cache: cord-345267-u24g6607.txt plain text: cord-345267-u24g6607.txt item: #80 of 82 id: cord-349329-f0pbd968 author: Bosteels, Cedric title: Sargramostim to treat patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 (SARPAC): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-06-05 words: 12419 flesch: 40 summary: The study will be conducted cfr the latest version of the ICH E6 (R2) GCP guidelines, creating a standard for the design, conduct, performance, monitoring, auditing, recording, analyses and reporting of clinical studies that provides assurance that the data and reported results are accurate and that the rights, integrity and confidentiality of study subjects are protected. Monitoring services will consist of the following (non-exhaustive list): -review of informed consents and the followed process -check on recruitment status -checking for protocol deviations/violations -checking GCP compatibility -check on safety reporting compliance -IMP handling and storage -review of study data … This study can be inspected at any time by regulatory agencies during or after completion of the study. keywords: acute; ards; blood; covid-19; csf; data; day; days; failure; group; intervention; leukine; lung; patients; period; sargramostim; study; subject; treatment cache: cord-349329-f0pbd968.txt plain text: cord-349329-f0pbd968.txt item: #81 of 82 id: cord-351040-j3ltpaa0 author: Naser Moghadasi, Abdorreza title: Encephalopathy associated with COVID-19 in a patient with multiple sclerosis date: 2020-10-28 words: 1398 flesch: 48 summary: Herein, a 34-year-old patient with MS who experienced the decreased level of consciousness and encephalopathy following COVID-19 involvement has been reported. Herein, we reported a patient with MS who experienced the decreased level of consciousness and encephalopathy following COVID-19 involvement. keywords: covid-19; csf; involvement; patient cache: cord-351040-j3ltpaa0.txt plain text: cord-351040-j3ltpaa0.txt item: #82 of 82 id: cord-354080-glcq4qp9 author: Bodro, Marta title: Increased CSF levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and ACE in SARS-CoV-2–associated encephalitis date: 2020-07-01 words: 1183 flesch: 41 summary: key: cord-354080-glcq4qp9 authors: Bodro, Marta; Compta, Yaroslau; Llansó, Laura; Esteller, Diana; Doncel-Moriano, Antonio; Mesa, Alex; Rodríguez, Alejandro; Sarto, Jordi; Martínez-Hernandez, Eugenia; Vlagea, Alexandru; Egri, Natalia; Filella, Xavier; Morales-Ruiz, Manuel; Yagüe, Jordi; Soriano, Álex; Graus, Francesc; García, Felipe title: Increased CSF levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and ACE in SARS-CoV-2–associated encephalitis date: 2020-07-01 journal: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000821 sha: doc_id: 354080 cord_uid: glcq4qp9 nan A national outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, rapidly evolving to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our patients improved spontaneously, but these treatments could be considered in more severe cases of COVID-19-associated encephalitis with increased CSF levels of ILs. keywords: covid-19; csf; patients; sars cache: cord-354080-glcq4qp9.txt plain text: cord-354080-glcq4qp9.txt