item: #1 of 171
          id: cord-000008-3dgjv0x1
      author: Vali, Bahareh
       title: HIV-Specific T-Cells Accumulate in the Liver in HCV/HIV Co-Infection
        date: 2008-10-20
       words: 5272
      flesch: 42
     summary: Effect of human immunodeficiency virus on hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users Impaired hepatitis C virus-specific T cell responses and recurrent hepatitis C virus in HIV coinfection Retrospective analysis of the impact of HIV infection and alcohol use on chronic hepatitis C in a large cohort of drug users Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the course of hepatitis C virus infection: a meta-analysis Hepatotoxicity associated with antiretroviral therapy in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus and the role of hepatitis C or B virus infection Pathogenic roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor p55-mediated signals in dimethylnitrosamine-induced murine liver fibrosis The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in liver toxicity, inflammation, and fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride Impaired effector function of hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus infection HIV longterm non-progressors maintain brisk CD8 T cell responses to other viral antigens CD8+ cell responses to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the liver of persons with HCV-HIV coinfection versus HCV monoinfection Comparison of HCV-specific intrahepatic CD4+ T cells in HIV/HCV versus HCV Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-hepatitis C virus coinfection: intraindividual comparison of cellular immune responses against two persistent viruses Analysis of total human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses: relationship to viral load in untreated HIV infection HIV-specific CD8+ lymphocytes in semen are not associated with reduced HIV shedding Severe CD4+ T-cell depletion in gut lymphoid tissue during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and substantial delay in restoration following highly active antiretroviral therapy HIV nonprogressors preferentially maintain highly functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cells Polyfunctional analysis of human t cell responses: importance in vaccine immunogenicity and natural infection The liver as a site of T-cell apoptosis: graveyard, or killing field? To determine the presence of intra-hepatic viral specific T-cell responses, liver isolated cells were stimulated with HCV and HIV peptide pools.
    keywords: analysis; biopsies; blood; bystander; cd107a; cd4; cd8; cell responses; cells; cells specific; cmv; data; disease; expression; figure; frequencies; frequency; functional; haart; hcv; hcv mono; hepatic; hepatitis; higher; hiv; hiv co; human; ifn; immunodeficiency; individuals; infected; infection; intra; liver; lymphocytes; markers; mono; naïve; non; peptides; pool; populations; responses; role; sl9; specific; specific cd8; specific responses; stimulation; t cells; tetramer; therapy; tnf; viral; virus
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        item: #2 of 171
          id: cord-000083-3p81yr4n
      author: None
       title: Poster Exhibition
        date: 2009-01-31
       words: 113010
      flesch: 51
     summary: From this group of HBV patients 35 (98%) have had elevated urinal Dol excreation (45,8±5,2 g/ml vs . 3% and 47.4 respectively in HCC patients, 60.3% and 39.7 in LC patients, 55% and 40 in CHB patients, 55% and 40 in ACLF patients.
    keywords: 1,2; 2008; abbott; abdominal; ability; ablation; abnormal; absence; accuracy; acid; aclf; aclf patients; activation; active; activity; acute; acute hepatitis; acute liver; addition; adefovir; adiponectin; administration; adult; adv; advanced; advanced hcc; adverse; afp; age; agent; ahb; aids patients; aim; aims; alanine; albumin; alcoholic; alfa-2a; allele; alpha; alt; alt group; alt levels; alternative; amino; aminotransferase; amplicor; analogues; analysis; anemia; angiogenesis; angiogenic; animals; anti; antibody; antigen; antioxidant; antiviral; antiviral therapy; antiviral treatment; apoptosis; apoptotic; approach; area; arm; arterial; ascites; asian; asian patients; assay; assessment; associated; association; ast; asymptomatic; available; average; b virus; background; bangladesh; basal; baseline; baseline hbv; basic; bcaa; bcp; beijing; benefit; better; bile; biliary; bilirubin; binding; biochemical; biomarkers; biopsies; bleeding; blood; blot; bmi; body; breakthrough; calculated; cancer; cancer patients; carcinoma; carcinoma patients; carriers; cases; caspase; cause; cccdna; cd25; cd4; cd8; cells; center; ceus; chain; change; characteristics; characterized; chb patients; chc; chemotherapy; chen; child; children; china; chinese patients; cholesterol; chronic hbv; chronic hepatitis; chronic liver; chronic viral; cirrhosis group; cirrhotic patients; cisplatin; classification; cld; clearance; clevudine; clinical; clinical study; clones; cobas; cohort; colon; combination; combination therapy; combination treatment; combined; common; comparable; comparison; complete; complications; concentration; conclusion; condition; consecutive patients; content; continued; contrast; contribute; control; control group; conventional; copies; copper; correlation; cost; countries; counts; course; cox; criteria; cross; crp; crucial; culture; cumulative; curative; curve; cycle; cytokines; cytometry; daily; damage; data; days; dcp; death; december; decline; decreased; degree; dendritic; density; department; detection; determined; developed; developing; development; diabetes; diabetic patients; diagnosis; diameter; diet; differences; different; difficult; dipivoxil; direct; diseases; distribution; divided; dna levels; dna load; dna negative; dna positive; donors; dose; double; drug; duration; dynamic; dysfunction; early; effect; effective; effectiveness; efficacy; elder patients; elecsys; elevated; elevation; elisa; emergence; encephalopathy; end; endoscopic; endpoint; enhanced; entecavir; entry; enzyme; esophageal; essential; established; ethanol; etiology; etv; evaluation; events; evidence; evr; examination; excretion; experienced; experimental; exposure; expression; expression level; extent; extract; factors; failure; fatty liver; features; fed; female; fetoprotein; fibrosis; fibrotic; findings; flare; flow; fold; follow; following; formation; free; frequency; frequent; function; gallbladder; gallstones; gastric; gender; gene; general; genetic; genome; genomic; genotype; genotyping; ggt; glucose; glutathione; good; gpc-3; grade; greater; group; group b; growth; hand; hav; hbc; hbeag; hbeag level; hbeag negative; hbeag positive; hbeag seroconversion; hbs; hbv carriers; hbv cccdna; hbv dna; hbv genotype; hbv group; hbv infection; hbv reactivation; hbv replication; hbv therapy; hbv treatment; hbv viral; hbvdna; hcc cases; hcc cell; hcc group; hcc patients; hcclm3; hccs; hcv; hcv rna; healthy; hepatectomy; hepatic; hepatic fibrosis; hepatic hbv; hepatitis b; hepatitis group; hepatitis patients; hepatocarcinogenesis; hepatocellular; hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatocytes; hepatoma; hepg2; hev; hfgl2; high hbv; high serum; higher; histological; history; hiv; hla; hospital; host; hours; hscs; human; hvpg; hypertension; ifn; igg4; iii; il-10; il-6; il-8; images; imaging; immune; immunohistochemical; impact; important; improved; improvement; inactive; incidence; increase; independent; index; india; individuals; induction; infected; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; inhibited; inhibitor; initial; injection; injury; institute; insulin; intensity; interferon; interval; intrahepatic; intrahepatic hbv; introduction; invasion; invasive; investigation; iron; isolated; january; japan; jaundice; july; key; kidney; kinase; klf8; known; korea; laboratory; lamivudine; lamivudine group; lamivudine treatment; large; later; ldt; leading; length; leptin; lesions; levels; like; limited; linear; lines; lipid; lipiodol; liver; liver biopsy; liver cancer; liver cells; liver cirrhosis; liver damage; liver disease; liver failure; liver function; liver injury; liver stiffness; liver tissue; liver transplantation; liver tumor; load; local; log10; long; loss; low; lower; lsm; lvd; lymphocytes; lymphoma patients; main; major; majority; male; male patients; malignant; management; markers; mars; mass; materials; mean; mean age; mean hbv; measurement; mechanism; median; medical; medicine; medium; meld; metabolic; metastasis; methods; mice; microarray; mild; mixed; model; molecular; molecules; monitoring; monotherapy; months; mortality; mouse; mrna; multiple; multivariate; muscle; mutant; mutation; mvi; nafld patients; nash; nash patients; national; naïve patients; nbnc; necessary; necrosis; need; needle; negative chronic; negative hbv; negative patients; neovascularization; new; nodules; non; nonalcoholic; normal; normal alt; normal liver; normalization; novel; npv; nuclear; nucleos(t)ide; nucleoside; number; obese; objective; observed; occult hbv; odds; old; order; outcome; overall; overexpression; overlapping; oxidative; p<0.001; p<0.05; parameters; partial; pathogenesis; pathological; pathway; patients; patients chronic; patients genotype; patients group; patterns; pbmcs; pcr; pd-1; peak; peg; peg10; peginterferon; pegylated; people; percentage; percutaneous; performance; period; peripheral; phase; phc patients; phg; phylogenetic; placebo; plasma; plasmid; platelet; play; plt; plus; point; polymerase; polymorphism; poor; population; portal; positive cells; positive chb; positive chronic; positive patients; positive rate; possibility; possible; post; poster; potential; ppv; practice; predictive; predictors; pregnant; presence; present; present study; pressure; pretreatment; prevalence; previous; primary; prior; problem; procedure; profile; prognosis; progression; proliferation; prolonged; promoter; proportion; prospective; protein; protein expression; prothrombin; pugh; purpose; quality; quantification; quantitative; quantity; rabbits; radiofrequency; randomized; range; rapid; rate; ratio; rats; reaction; reactive; real; recent; receptor; recipients; recombinant; records; recurrence; reduced; reduction; refractory patients; region; regulation; regulatory; relapse; related; relationship; relative; replication; reported; reports; research; resection; resistance; resistant hbv; resistant patients; respectively; response; response rate; results; retrospective; reverse; rfa; ribavirin; risk; risk patients; rna; roche; role; rosiglitazone; routine; rvr; sae; safety; saline; samples; sbp; score; screening; sensitive; sensitivity; sequence; sequencing; sera; seroconversion; serological; serum alt; serum hbv; serum levels; session; severe; severity; sex; signal; signaling; significance; significant difference; significant fibrosis; significantly; similar; simple; simulation; single; sirna; site; size; small; sodium; somani; sonazoid; south; specific; specificity; spleen; splenic; stable; stage; staining; standard; statistical; status; steatohepatitis; steatosis; stellate; step; strain; stress; studies; study; study group; study patients; subjects; substitutions; suppression; surface; surgery; surveillance; survival; sustained; svr; svr patients; switching; syndrome; system; t cells; t12; tace; taiwan; target; technique; telbivudine; terlipressin; test; testing; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; therapy group; time; tissue; tlr2; tlr4; tnf; total; total hbv; toxicity; transaminase; transcription; transmission; transplantation; treatment; treatment group; treatment patients; treatment response; treatment results; treg; trials; tumor; tvr; types; ultrasonography; underwent; undetectable; undetectable hbv; univariate; university; unknown; untreated; urine; use; useful; vaccination; vaccine; value; variables; variations; variceal; varices; vascular; vegf; vein; venous; viral; viral hepatitis; viral load; virologic; virus; vitro; vivo; volume; wang; wd patients; weeks; weight; western; wild; withdrawal; women; workers; years; young patients; younger; zhang; zinc
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        item: #3 of 171
          id: cord-000174-mgj9zfft
      author: Slavenburg, Serena
       title: Pneumonitis as A Consequence of (Peg)Interferon-Ribavirin Combination Therapy for Hepatitis C: a Review of the Literature
        date: 2009-04-28
       words: 3203
      flesch: 37
     summary: Pulmonary toxicity in patients undergoing HCV combination treatment is rare, and may include interstitial pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, pleuritis, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), and exacerbation of asthma Interstitial pneumonitis occurs only rarely as a side-effect of HCV combination treatment and often leads to discontinuation of therapy, which has great implications for patients.
    keywords: a-2a; a-2b; articles; cases; chest; chronic; combination; cough; database; day; days; diseases; dosage; drug; effect; hcv; hepatitis; high; interferon; interstitial; interstitial pneumonitis; literature; liver; mortality; onset; patients; peg)interferon; peginterferon; pegylated; pneumonia; pneumonitis; prednisolone; pulmonary; review; ribavirin; steroids; symptoms; therapy; toxicity; treatment; type; virus; weeks
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        item: #4 of 171
          id: cord-000473-jpow6iw1
      author: Astrovskaya, Irina
       title: Inferring viral quasispecies spectra from 454 pyrosequencing reads
        date: 2011-07-28
       words: 5369
      flesch: 49
     summary: The software provided by instrument manufacturers were originally designed to assemble all reads into a single genome sequence, and cannot be used for reconstructing quasispecies sequences. Since the number of different st-paths is exponential, we wish to generate a set of paths that have high probability to correspond to real quasispecies sequences.
    keywords: aligned; analysis; assemblies; assembly; average; candidate; consensus; cost; data; dataset; different; distribution; edge; errors; fragment; frequency; frequent; genome; graph; haplotype; hcv; high; hiv; length; methods; mismatches; mutation; nucleotide; number; paper; paths; probability; pyrosequencing; qsr; quasispecies; rate; reads; real; reconstructed; reconstruction; reference; results; rna; samples; sequences; sequencing; shorah; simulated; single; software; spectrum; times; viable; viral; virus; vispa
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        item: #5 of 171
          id: cord-000638-ss1435el
      author: Beq, Stephanie
       title: Altered Thymic Function during Interferon Therapy in HCV-Infected Patients
        date: 2012-04-16
       words: 5154
      flesch: 37
     summary: HIV-Hepatitis Spanish Study Group Future trends in managing hepatitis C Treatment of hepatitis C and anemia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients Use of pegylated interferons is associated with an increased incidence of infections during combination treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a side effect of pegylation? Incidence of neutropenia and infections during combination treatment of chronic hepatitis C with pegylated interferon alfa-2a or alfa-2b plus ribavirin Opportunistic infections and CD4 lymphocytopenia with interferon treatment in HIV-1 infected patients Regulation of cytokine expression by interferon-alpha in human bone marrow stromal cells: inhibition of hematopoietic growth factors and induction of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Effects of recombinant alpha and gamma interferons on the in vitro growth of circulating hematopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-GEMM, CFU-Mk, BFU-E, and CFU-GM) from patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia Impairment of T and B cell development by treatment with a type I interferon CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia in HIV-infected patients receiving interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C. HIV-Hepatitis Spanish Study Group Type I interferons directly regulate lymphocyte recirculation and cause transient blood lymphopenia HIV infection rapidly induces and maintains a substantial suppression of thymocyte proliferation Changes in thymic function with age and during the treatment of HIV infection Slow disease progression and robust therapy-mediated CD4+ T-cell recovery are associated with efficient thymopoiesis during HIV-1 infection IL-7 induces immunological improvement in SIV-infected rhesus macaques under antiviral therapy T cell homeostasis: thymus regeneration and peripheral T cell restoration in mice with a reduced fraction of competent precursors The magnitude of thymic output is genetically determined through controlled intrathymic precursor T cell proliferation Estimating thymic function through quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles Interleukin-7 treatment counteracts IFN-{alpha} therapy-induced lymphopenia and stimulates SIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in SIV-infected rhesus macaques Interleukin-7 promotes survival and cell cycle progression of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by down-regulating the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1) The role of interleukin-7 in early T-cell development A direct estimate of the human alphabeta T cell receptor diversity How cells respond to interferons Augmentation of antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil by interferon alpha is associated with up-regulation of p27Kip1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells Down-regulation of p27Kip1 expression is required for development and function of T cells Endogenous interferon-alpha production by differentiating human monocytes regulates expression and function of the IL-2/IL-4 receptor gamma chain Two subsets of naive T helper cells with distinct T cell receptor excision circle content in human adult peripheral blood Tlymphocyte populations in hepatitis C and HIV co-infected patients treated with interferon-alfa-2a and ribavirin Interferon alpha augments activation-induced T cell death by upregulation of Fas (CD95/APO-1) and Fas ligand expression IFN-alpha suppresses activation of nuclear transcription factors NF-kappa B and activator protein 1 and potentiates TNF-induced apoptosis Rapid decline of CD4+ cells after IFN alpha treatment in HIV-1 infection Injection of glycosylated recombinant simian IL-7 provokes rapid and massive T-cell homing in rhesus macaques Interleukin 7 signaling in dendritic cells regulates the homeostatic proliferation and niche size of CD4+ T cells Hepatic interleukin-7 expression regulates T cell responses Loss of IL-7 receptor alpha-chain (CD127) expression in acute HCV infection associated with viral persistence Interleukin-7 receptor expression: intelligent design Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 subtype identification in new HCV drug development and future clinical practice Determinants of antiviral treatment initiation in a hepatitis C-infected population benefiting from universal health care coverage Response rates to pegylated interferon and ribavirin in HCV/HIV coinfection: a research synthesis Rare birds in North America: acute hepatitis C cohorts A validated assay to measure soluble IL-7 receptor shows minimal impact of IL-7 treatment The authors acknowledge the subjects who participated in this study.
    keywords: acute; alpha; associated; blood; btrec; cd127; cd4; cd8; cell; chain; chronic; concentration; counts; data; decrease; early; effect; excision; expression; figure; function; groups; hcv; hepatitis; hiv; homeostasis; human; ifna; ifnα; il-7; increased; individuals; infected; infection; initiation; interferon; intrathymic; left; levels; lymphocytopenia; month; naïve; observed; panel; patients; pegylated; peripheral; plasma; precursor; production; proliferation; quantification; receptor; reduced; ribavirin; rte; rtes; sjtrec; study; subsets; therapy; thymic; treatment; variations; viral
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        item: #6 of 171
          id: cord-000786-ofpcgxce
      author: Chua, Brendon Y.
       title: Hepatitis C VLPs Delivered to Dendritic Cells by a TLR2 Targeting Lipopeptide Results in Enhanced Antibody and Cell-Mediated Responses
        date: 2012-10-16
       words: 6418
      flesch: 37
     summary: This result also correlated with significantly higher numbers of specific antibody secreting cells that was detected in the spleens of VLP+E(8)Pam(2)Cys vaccinated mice and greater ability of sera from these mice to neutralise the binding and uptake of VLPs by Huh7 cells. For the detection of specific antibody secreting cells by ELISPOT, PVDF membrane-lined 96-well plates (Mabtech, Nacka Strand, Sweden) were coated with 100 ml of PBS containing VLPs (10 mg/ml), recombinant E2 (10 mg/ml) or anti IgG antibody (10 mg/ml) overnight at 4uC. Plates were washed 5 times with PBS and blocked for 2 hours using RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco, USA) supplemented with 20% BSA (Sigma, Australia).
    keywords: 4uc; ability; activation; adjuvant; aldrich; alhydrogel; amino; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; associated; becton; binding; cells; cellular; class; construct; core; cys; days; dcs; dendritic; dickinson; doses; entry; figure; fitc; flow; fluorescence; genotype; group; hcv; hcv vlps; hepatitis; higher; hla; hours; huh7; human; ifn; immune; immunogenicity; improved; infected; infection; levels; like; lipopeptide; mhc; mice; mixed; neutralizing; pam; particles; pbs; plates; presence; protection; proteins; recombinant; responses; results; sera; sigma; specific; titres; transgenic; treatment; untreated; uptake; usa; use; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; viral; virus; vlps
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        item: #7 of 171
          id: cord-000830-jiy4cp4n
      author: Cobo, Fernando
       title: Application of Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for Viral Testing
        date: 2012-11-30
       words: 7970
      flesch: 35
     summary: An international collaborative study to establish a World Health Organization international standard for hepatitis B virus DNA nucleic acid amplification techniques The clinical implications of hepatitis B virus genotype: recent advances Hepatitis C virus RNA assays: current and emerging technologies and their clinical applications Identifying women with cervical neoplasia: Using human papillomavirus DNA testing for equivocal Papanicolaou results Declared none. Both ligated products can then serve as templates for the next reaction cycle, leading to an exponential amplification process similar to PCR amplification.
    keywords: acid; adenovirus; advantages; amplification; analysis; application; area; array; assays; available; b19; bdna; capture; cerebrospinal; chain; clinical; cmv; cns; comparison; contamination; conventional; cost; csf; culture; cycling; detection; development; diagnosis; different; disease; dna; ebv; fluid; genotypes; hcv; hepatitis; herpes; high; hiv; hpv; hsv; human; hybridization; infection; influenza; introduction; isothermal; laboratories; laboratory; lamp; load; loop; main; methods; molecular; monitoring; multiplex; nucleic; nucleic acid; number; oligonucleotide; parvovirus; patients; pcr; plasma; polymerase; primers; probe; product; quantification; quantitative; range; rapid; reaction; real; respiratory; results; reverse; rna; samples; sensitive; sensitivity; sequence; signal; simplex; single; specific; specificity; specimens; system; target; techniques; technology; testing; tests; therapy; time; time pcr; transcription; type; useful; viral; virology; virus; viruses; work
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        item: #8 of 171
          id: cord-000833-m6abyuvx
      author: Sekiguchi, Satoshi
       title: Immunization with a Recombinant Vaccinia Virus That Encodes Nonstructural Proteins of the Hepatitis C Virus Suppresses Viral Protein Levels in Mouse Liver
        date: 2012-12-17
       words: 5941
      flesch: 45
     summary: Here, we used poly (I:C)-induced expression of Cre recombinase to generate HCV transgenic mice in order to study the effect of HCV protein and confirmed that these mice developed chronic active hepatitis-including steatosis, lipid deposition, and hepatocellular carcinoma. To determine whether rVV-N25 treatment induced the same effect in other strains of HCV transgenic mice, we analyzed RzCN5-15 (+/2) /MxCre
    keywords: abnormal; alt; analysis; cd4; cd8; cdna; cells; chronic; clearance; cn2; cn5; control; core; cre; cytokines; days; effect; effective; expression; figure; findings; hcv; hepatitis; hepatocellular; hepatocytes; il-6; immune; immunization; important; infected; inflammatory; injection; lc16m8; levels; liver; loxp; macrophages; mice; model; mouse; mxcre; n25; nonstructural; pathological; plasmid; poly(i; protein; recombinant; reduction; response; results; rvv; samples; sections; serum; specific; steatosis; structural; system; tnf; transgenic; treatment; vaccine; vaccinia; virus
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        item: #9 of 171
          id: cord-001421-6t5puo6p
      author: Marfà, Santiago
       title: Lack of a 5.9 kDa Peptide C-Terminal Fragment of Fibrinogen α Chain Precedes Fibrosis Progression in Patients with Liver Disease
        date: 2014-10-02
       words: 5059
      flesch: 42
     summary: Fibrosis scores and liver function tests of the two groups of fibrotic patients were similar to those obtained in HCV LT patients. The methods currently available to assess liver fibrosis include the serological determination of several parameters related to liver function and hepatic remodeling, imaging techniques, such as Fibroscan or ARFI and the use of invasive procedures such as HVPG measurement or liver biopsy, the latter still being the most widely accepted gold standard method for assessing liver fibrosis [9] .
    keywords: assay; biomarkers; cells; chain; clinical; data; detection; different; disease; early; energy; expression; fibrinogen; fibrogenesis; fibrogenic; fibrosis; fibrotic; figure; fragment; group; hcv; hcv patients; healthy; hepatic; hepatitis; hepg2; high; human; intensity; investigation; kda; laser; levels; liver; liver disease; liver fibrosis; low; lt patients; major; mass; months; non; patients; peak; peptide; positive; post; process; profile; progression; protein; proteomic; recurrent; recurrent hcv; results; samples; seldi; serum; serum samples; set; spectra; spectrometry; stage; study; subjects; surface; terminal; test; tgf; tof; training; treatment
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        item: #10 of 171
          id: cord-001834-6xf4o3oy
      author: Sung, Pil Soo
       title: Interferon Response in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection: Lessons from Cell Culture Systems of HCV Infection
        date: 2015-10-07
       words: 4046
      flesch: 38
     summary: In vitro tissue culture systems and therapeutic targets Hepatitis C virus envelope components alter localization of hepatocyte tight junction-associated proteins and promote occludin retention in the endoplasmic reticulum Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in primary cultures of human adult hepatocytes HepG2 cells mount an effective antiviral interferon-lambda based innate immune response to hepatitis C virus infection Hepatitis C virus infection induces the beta interferon signaling pathway in immortalized human hepatocytes Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a growth and induction of autophagy Hepatitis C virus infection impairs IRF-7 translocation and Alpha interferon synthesis in immortalized human hepatocytes Human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes support complete replication of hepatitis C virus Modeling hepatitis C virus infection using human induced pluripotent stem cells Productive hepatitis C virus infection of stem cell-derived hepatocytes reveals a critical transition to viral permissiveness during differentiation MicroRNA-27a modulates HCV infection in differentiated hepatocyte-like cells from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells MDA5 plays a critical role in interferon response during hepatitis C virus infection Control of temporal activation of hepatitis C virus-induced interferon response by domain 2 of nonstructural protein 5A Regulation of hepatic innate immunity by hepatitis C virus Immune responses to HCV and other hepatitis viruses EFTUD2 is a novel innate immune regulator restricting hepatitis C virus infection through the RIG-I/MDA5 pathway Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus Cleavage of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C correlates with a reduced activation of the endogenous interferon system Inhibition of intrahepatic gamma interferon production by hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A in transgenic mice Hepatitis C virus induces interferon-lambda and interferon-stimulated genes in primary liver cultures IL-29 is the dominant type III interferon produced by hepatocytes during acute hepatitis C virus infection HCV infection induces a unique hepatic innate immune response associated with robust production of type III interferons Interferons at age 50: Past, current and future impact on biomedicine IFN-lambdas mediate antiviral protection through a distinct class II cytokine receptor complex IL28B inhibits hepatitis C virus replication through the JAK-STAT pathway Interleukin-29 uses a type 1 interferon-like program to promote antiviral responses in human hepatocytes Genomic analysis of the host response to hepatitis C virus infection Stealth and cunning: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses Interferon-induced gene expression is a stronger predictor of treatment response than IL28B genotype in patients with hepatitis C Interferon signaling and treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C Simultaneous detection of hepatitis C virus and interferon stimulated gene expression in infected human liver Hepatitis C virus blocks interferon effector function by inducing protein kinase R phosphorylation Hepatitis C virus attenuates interferon-induced major histocompatibility complex class I expression and decreases CD8+ T cell effector functions IFNβ-dependent increases in STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9 mediate resistance to viruses and DNA damage Unphosphorylated STAT1 prolongs the expression of interferon-induced immune regulatory genes Roles of unphosphorylated ISGF3 in HCV infection and interferon responsiveness Hepatic gene expression discriminates responders and nonresponders in treatment of chronic hepatitis C viral infection Cell-type specific gene expression signature in liver underlies response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C infection Hepatic gene expression during treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin: Identifying molecular pathways for treatment response Hepatic ISG expression is associated with genetic variation in interleukin 28B and the outcome of IFN therapy for chronic hepatitis C Protein ISGylation modulates the JAK-STAT signaling pathway Silencing of USP18 potentiates the antiviral activity of interferon against hepatitis C virus infection interferon induces long-lasting refractoriness of JAK-STAT signaling in the mouse liver through induction of USP18/UBP43 Interferon-β and interferon-λ signaling is not affected by interferon-induced refractoriness to interferon-α in vivo A variant upstream of IFNL3 (IL28B) creating a new interferon gene IFNL4 is associated with impaired clearance of hepatitis C virus IFN-λ4: After the discovery of JFH-1-based HCVcc system, other HCV cell culture systems with various genotypes were established.
    keywords: antiviral; cells; chronic; class; culture; expression; gene; genotype; hcv; hcvcc; hepatic; hepatitis; hepatocytes; high; host; human; ifn; ifnl4; ifns; iii; immune; induced; induction; infected; infection; innate; interferon; irf9; isgf3; isgs; levels; liver; mechanism; mhc; models; mutations; new; particles; pathway; patients; production; protein; receptor; regulation; replication; response; rna; signaling; stat1; study; systems; treatment; virus
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        item: #11 of 171
          id: cord-001848-idmj2d7p
      author: Onabajo, Olusegun O.
       title: Expression of Interferon Lambda 4 Is Associated with Reduced Proliferation and Increased Cell Death in Human Hepatic Cells
        date: 2015-11-01
       words: 7310
      flesch: 41
     summary: Here, we further explored this question by performing additional functional analyses of IFN-l4 transiently and stably overexpressed in human hepatic cells-fresh primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells and PHHs were transfected for 24 or 48 h with corresponding constructs; HepG2 cells were transfected using Lipofectamine/LTX and Opti-MEM with standard protocols (Life Technologies), while PHHs were transfected using a nucleofection protocol optimized for primary cells (Lonza).
    keywords: activation; allele; analysis; antibody; antiviral; assays; biological; blocking; cell death; cells; chronic; clearance; constructs; control; corresponding; culture; custom; cxcl10; data; dead; death; effect; endogenous; expression; fig; fluorescence; genetic; gfp; halo; hcv; hepatic; hepatitis; hepg2; hepg2 cells; human; ifn; ifnl4; ifnlr1; igg; imaging; individuals; induced; induction; infection; interferon; isgs; isre; lambda; levels; line; liver; luc; media; mrna; msd; negative; olsson; p131; pcr; phhs; plates; prokunina; proliferation; protein; rabbit; reporter; response; role; rs12979860; rs368234815; samples; signaling; stable; supplementary; system; tag; technologies; transfection; transwell; treatment; untransfected; viability; virus
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        item: #12 of 171
          id: cord-002369-shk4n8f6
      author: Fahmy, Ahmed M.
       title: The autophagy elongation complex (ATG5-12/16L1) positively regulates HCV replication and is required for wild-type membranous web formation
        date: 2017-01-09
       words: 6181
      flesch: 44
     summary: However, the importance of the ATG5-12 conjugate in HCV RNA replication suggests that the autophagy elongation complex inhibits HCV replication through destabilization of the viral replication factories present within the MW. The major limitation in our ability to investigate the composition of the MW has recently been resolved by Dr. Ralf Bartenschlager's group, which has developed a method to purify the HCV MW by using HCV replicon cells harboring an HA-tag NS4B (NS4B-HA) 42 .
    keywords: 12/16l1; activity; anti; antibodies; antibody; assay; associated; atg12; atg12dn; atg16l1; atg5; atg7; autophagosome; autophagy; cells; complex; conjugate; conjugation; control; dmvs; effect; electron; elongation; entry; expression; fig; flag; fluc; formation; fractions; gnd; hcv; hepatitis; host; huh7; infected; infection; inhibition; jfh1; lc3; luciferase; lunet; membrane; membranous; microscopy; min; mouse; ns3; ns4b; ns5a; ns5b; pbs; proteins; purified; rabbit; replication; replicon; results; reverse; rna; role; silencing; sirna; site; study; translation; treatment; type; vesicles; viral; virus; western; wild
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        item: #13 of 171
          id: cord-002410-2zi5iv2t
      author: Bruening, Janina
       title: The Role of Type III Interferons in Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Therapy
        date: 2017-02-01
       words: 6703
      flesch: 37
     summary: The structure of human interferon lambda and what it has taught us Transcriptional regulation by STAT1 and STAT2 in the interferon JAK-STAT pathway Interferon-inducible antiviral effectors Interferon lambdas: the next cytokine storm The stability of the ternary interferon-receptor complex rather than the affinity to the individual subunits dictates differential biological activities Dynamic expression profiling of type I and type III interferonstimulated hepatocytes reveals a stable hierarchy of gene expression Differential effects of type I and II interferons on myeloid cells and resistance to intracellular bacterial infections Interferonstimulated genes: a complex web of host defenses New regulators of NF-B in inflammation Combined action of type I and type III interferon restricts initial replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the lung but fails to inhibit systemic virus spread SOCS proteins, cytokine signalling and immune regulation USP18-based negative feedback control is induced by type I and type III interferons and specifically inactivates interferon response Human interferon-3 is a potent member of the type III interferon family Expanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: updated criteria and genotype assignment web resource The ins and outs of hepatitis C virus entry and assembly Hepatitis C virus RNA replication and assembly: living on the fat of the land Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection Global epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in people who inject drugs: results of systematic reviews The impact of hepatitis C virus entry on viral tropism The CD81 partner EWI-2wint inhibits hepatitis C virus entry Guidelines for the screening, care and treatment of persons with chronic hepatitis C infection Recent advances in understanding hepatitis C Emerging therapies for the treatment of hepatitis C Regulating intracellular antiviral defense and permissiveness to hepatitis C virus RNA replication through a cellular RNA helicase, RIG-I HepG2 cells mount an effective antiviral interferon-lambda based innate immune response to hepatitis C virus infection Hepatitis C virus replicative doublestranded RNA is a potent interferon inducer that triggers interferon production through MDA5 MAVS forms functional prion-like aggregates to activate and propagate antiviral innate immune response Class A scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) restricts hepatitis C virus replication by mediating toll-like receptor 3 recognition of viral RNAs produced in neighboring cells The autophagy machinery is required to initiate hepatitis C virus replication IKKE and TBKI are essential components of the IRF3 signalling pathway Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-B and IRF3 Regulation of interferon regulatory factor-3 by the hepatitis C virus serine protease Hepatitis C virus protease NS3/4A cleaves mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein off the mitochondria to evade innate immunity Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus NS3-4A inhibits the peroxisomal MAVS-dependent antiviral signalling response Immune evasion by hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease-mediated cleavage of the Toll-like receptor 3 adaptor protein TRIF Hepacivirus NS3/4A proteases interfere with MAVS signaling in both their cognate animal hosts and humans: implications for zoonotic transmission Type III interferons, IL-28 and IL-29, are increased in chronic HCV infection and induce myeloid dendritic cell-mediated FoxP3+ regulatory T cells HCV infection induces a unique hepatic innate immune response associated with robust production of type III interferons IFN-receptor 1 expression is induced in chronic hepatitis C and correlates with the IFN-3 genotype and with nonresponsiveness to IFNtherapies Reduced IFN 4 activity is associated with improved HCV clearance and reduced expression of interferon-stimulated genes IL-29 is the dominant type III interferon produced by hepatocytes during acute hepatitis C virus infection Completion of the entire hepatitis C virus life cycle in genetically humanized mice Control of hepatitis C virus replication in mouse liver-derived cells by MAVS-dependent production of type I and type III interferons Hepatitis C virus infects rhesus macaque hepatocytes and simianized mice Hepatic cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of pigtail macaques support hepatitis C virus infection Identification of rodent homologs of hepatitis C virus and pegiviruses Evidence for novel hepaciviruses in rodents Hepatitis C virus induces interferon-and interferon-stimulated genes in primary liver cultures Interferon lambda alleles predict innate antiviral immune responses and hepatitis C virus permissiveness Interferon lambda 4 expression is suppressed by the host during viral infection Expression of interferon lambda 4 is associated with reduced proliferation and increased cell death in human hepatic cells Living in the liver: hepatic infections Interferons and inhibit hepatitis c virus replication with distinct signal transduction and gene regulation kinetics Lambda interferon inhibits hepatitis B and C virus replication Transcriptome analysis reveals a classical interferon signature induced by IFN 4 in human primary cells Engrafted human stem cell-derived hepatocytes establish an infectious HCV murine model Productive hepatitis C virus infection of stem cell-derived hepatocytes reveals a critical transition to viral permissiveness during differentiation Modeling hepatitis C virus infection using human induced pluripotent stem cells New methods in tissue engineering: improved models for viral infection 25 years of interferon-based treatment of chronic hepatitis C: an epoch coming to an end Genetic variation in IL28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance Genetic variation in IL28B is associated with chronic hepatitis C and treatment failure: A Genome-Wide Association Study Genome-wide association study of spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus infection: data from multiple cohorts Genome-wide association of IL28B with response to pegylated interferonand ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C IL28B expression depends on a novel TT/-G polymorphism which improves HCV clearance prediction IL28B polymorphisms predict response to therapy among chronic hepatitis C patients with HCV genotype 4 The favorable IFNL3 genotype escapes mRNA decay mediated by AU-rich elements and hepatitis C virus-induced microRNAs Interferon signaling and treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C Liver gene expression signature to predict response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C Hepatic gene expression discriminates responders and nonresponders in treatment of chronic hepatitis C viral infection IL28B in the era of direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C Faldaprevir and deleobuvir for HCV genotype 1 infection IFNL4-�G genotype is associated with slower viral clearance in Hepatitis C, genotype-1 patients treated with sofosbuvir and ribavirin Association of the IFNL4-�G allele with impaired spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus Gene-disease association with human IFNL locus polymorphisms extends beyond hepatitis C virus infections Kinetic differences in the induction of interferon stimulated genes by interferon-and interleukin 28B are altered by infection with hepatitis C virus Phase 1b study of pegylated interferon lambda 1 with or without ribavirin in patients with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection A randomized phase 2b study of peginterferon lambda-1a for the treatment of chronic HCV infection Peginterferon lambda-1a/ribavirin with daclatasvir or peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin with telaprevir for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1b A randomized study of peginterferon lambda-1a compared to peginterferon Alfa-2a in combination with Ribavirin and telaprevir in patients with genotype-1 chronic hepatitis C Design and evaluation of novel interferon lambda analogs with enhanced antiviral activity and improved drug attributes Bringing the hepatitis C virus to life Antiviral activities of different interferon types and subtypes against Hepatitis E virus replication Among the three classes of IFNs, type III IFNs, also called IFN lambdas (IFNLs), are an essential component of the innate immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV).
    keywords: activity; alpha; amino; ancestry; antiviral; associated; association; binding; blood; c virus; cells; chc; chronic; clearance; complex; cytokine; daa; differences; different; effects; epithelial; expression; factor; family; gene; genetic; genome; genotype; hcv; hepatitis; hepatocytes; hepatoma; hepg2; high; host; human; ifnl; ifnl1a; ifns; iii; il28b; immune; improved; induced; induction; infected; infection; innate; interferon; isg; isgs; kinetics; lambda; levels; ligand; like; lines; liver; lung; mavs; models; new; ns3/4a; outcome; particular; pathway; patients; peg; phh; polymorphisms; primary; production; protein; rbv; receptor; regulation; replication; response; ribavirin; rig; rna; role; sequence; signaling; snps; spontaneous; stat; strong; study; subtypes; therapy; tissue; transcription; treatment; type; virus
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        item: #14 of 171
          id: cord-002774-tpqsjjet
      author: None
       title: Section II: Poster Sessions
        date: 2017-12-01
       words: 83566
      flesch: 48
     summary: The CHIP framework drives the complex inter-relationships between community-hospital engagement, reciprocal capacity-building, integration initiatives, and community-based research and evaluation, to create an interconnected network of health care services. Those living in urban centers should have the best ava1l~b1hty, chmce, and access to a variety of health care services because of the distribution of health care services, fac1lmes, and health professionals in concentrated in urban centers.
    keywords: abuse; access; accessibility; accessible; action; active; activities; activity; addition; address; addresses; adequate; adherence; administrative; adolescents; adults; adverse; advisory; advocacy; affected; african; age; aged; agencies; agency; ages; aids; aim; aims; air; alcohol; alliance; alternative; american; amsterdam; analysis; angeles; anxiety; an~; approach; appropriate; appropriate health; areas; asian; aspects; assault; assessment; assist; assistance; associated; association; asthma; attempt; attendance; attention; attitudes; availability; available; average; awareness; background; bangalore; barriers; baseline; basic; behaviors; behaviour; beliefs; benefits; best; better; better health; birth; blocks; blood; bmi; body; boys; breast; breast health; broad; building; burden; california; campaign; canada; canadian; cancer; capacity; capital; cardiovascular; care access; care delivery; care needs; care providers; care services; care system; case; causes; census; centers; central; centres; cervical; cessation; challenges; change; characteristics; chart; chemical; chf; child health; childhood; children; chinese; chronic; cigarette; cities; citizenship; city; city health; clients; clinic; clinical; clubhouse; clusters; coalition; cocaine; cognitive; cohort; collaboration; collection; college; commitment; committee; common; communiry; communities; community capacity; community development; community food; community health; community members; community services; compare; complex; component; comprehensive; comprehensive health; conceptual; concerns; conclusion; conditions; consent; consequences; considerable; consultations; contact; context; contribute; control; coping; corporation; cost; counseling; countries; country; course; courts; coverage; crack; criminal; criteria; critical; cross; csw; cultural; culture; current; current health; cvd; daily; data; data analysis; database; date; day; deaths; decision; decreased; definition; delivery; demand; demographic; department; dependent; depression; depth; design; determinants; detox; developed; development; diabetes; diagnosis; diet; differences; different; different health; difficult; direct; disability; disabled; disadvantaged; discharge; discussion; disease; disorders; distribution; districts; diverse; downtown; drop; drug; drug treatment; drug use; dutch; dwellers; early; eastern; economic; education; effective; effectiveness; effects; efficient; efforts; elderly; emergency; emotional; emphasis; employment; empowerment; english; enhanced; enrollees; enrollment; environmental; environmental health; epidemiological; equity; essential; established; estimates; ethnic; ethnic health; ethnicity; europe; evaluation; events; evidence; examination; example; exchange; exclusion; existing; expenditure; experience; experts; exposure; extent; face; facilities; facility; factors; failure; fall; families; family; fear; features; feedback; female; field; financial; findings; focus; follow; following; food; forms; foundation; framework; francisco; free; free health; funding; future; gender; general; generation; gentrification; girls; global; goal; good; governance; government; government health; greater; greater health; greatest; group; growth; guide; half; handbook; harm; hazards; hcps; hcv; health access; health agencies; health behaviors; health canada; health care; health centre; health characteristics; health concerns; health conditions; health consequences; health data; health delivery; health disparities; health education; health effects; health facilities; health focus; health impact; health implications; health indicators; health inequalities; health information; health initiatives; health insurance; health interventions; health issues; health needs; health organizations; health outcomes; health policy; health practice; health problems; health professionals; health project; health promotion; health providers; health research; health risks; health sector; health services; health status; health studies; health study; health survey; health system; health workers; healthcare; healthcare services; healthy; heart; help; hepatitis; heroin; high; high health; high risk; higher; highest; highlight; hispanic; history; hiv; homeless; homelessness; hospital; households; housing; hpv; human; hygiene; identification; idus; illicit; illness; illnesses; immigrants; immunity; immunization; impact; implementation; implications; important; important health; improved; incarceration; incidence; income; increase; independence; index; india; indicators; individuals; inequality; infants; infected; infectious; influence; informal; information; infrastructure; initial; initiatives; injecting; injection; inner; innovative; insecurity; instrument; integrated; integration; interest; international; interventions; interviews; intra; introduction; involvement; ipv; issues; job; joseph; june; justice; kenya; key; knowledge; known; lack; land; language; large; law; lead; leaders; leading; learning; length; lesbians; level; life; likely; limitations; limited; line; literature; little; lives; living; local; local community; local health; logistic; london; long; los; loss; low; lower; main; mainstream; major; majority; makers; making; male; mammography; management; manhattan; maps; marginalized; market; mass; materials; maternal; mean; measles; measures; mechanisms; median; medical; medical care; medical services; medicine; meetings; members; mental health; methodology; methods; metropolitan; migration; minority; model; months; montreal; morbidity; mortality; mothers; msm; multiple; multiple health; multivariate; mumbai; municipal; municipal health; nairobi; naloxone; national; national health; nature; necessary; negative; neighborhood; network; new; new urban; nigerian; non; number; nurse; nutrition; nyc; obesity; objective; observation; observed; odds; older; ongoing; ontario; open; opportunities; opportunity; or=; organizations; ottawa; outpatient; outreach; overall; overall health; overdose; paper; parents; parks; participants; participation; participatory; particular; partners; partnership; past; patients; patterns; peer; people; percent; perceptions; period; personal; persons; perspectives; pet; phase; physical; physical health; physicians; pilot; place; planning; play; point; policies; political; pollution; poor; poor health; population; population health; positive; possible; poster; potential; potential health; poverty; ppd; practices; practitioners; predictors; pregnancy; pregnant; pregnant women; preliminary; prenatal; presence; present; present study; presentation; pressure; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary care; primary health; principles; prior; priority; private; process; processes; program; programme; project; promoting; proportion; provide; providers; province; provision; psychiatric; psychological; public health; purpose; qualitative; quality; questionnaire; questions; race; racial; random; range; rates; reasons; recent; recipients; recommendations; records; recovery; recruitment; reduced; reduction; referral; refugees; region; regional; regular; related; relationship; relative; relevant; reported; reports; reproductive health; requirements; research; research project; researchers; residence; residential; residents; resources; respect; respondents; response; results; review; rhe; rights; risk; risk factors; role; rural; safety; sample; sampling; sanitation; sars; satisfaction; satisfied; scale; scarborough; school; score; screening; second; secondary; sector; self; semi; service providers; services use; sessions; settings; severe; severity; sexual; sexual health; share; sharing; short; shows; sif; significant; similar; single; site; size; skills; slum; small; smoke; smoking; social; social capital; social justice; social services; social support; society; socio; socioeconomic; solid; solutions; space; spatial; special; specific health; spread; staff; stage; stakeholders; standard; states; statistics; sterile; stigma; strategies; strategy; street; street health; street youth; stress; stroke; strong; structured; students; studies; study; subjects; substance; substance use; substantial; successful; supply; support; supported; supportive; surveillance; survey; sustainable; symptoms; syringes; system; target; targeted; team; technical; telephone; term; test; tested; testing; themes; theoretical; theory; therapeutic; therapy; time; tool; topics; toronto; total; traditional; traffic; training; transmission; transportation; travel; treatment; treatment services; trust; tuberculosis; type; u.s; underserved; understanding; uninsured; unique; united; unsafe; unwanted; urban areas; urban communities; urban health; urban poor; urban populations; urban settings; urban social; urban women; urbanization; use; useful; users; utilization; vaccination; vaccine; value; vancouver; variables; variety; vct; violence; visits; voices; voluntary; vulnerable; warfarin; waste; water; way; ways; week; welfare; western; whites; wide; women; women age; work; workers; working; workplace; workplace health; workshop; world; world health; worm; years; york; young; youth
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        item: #15 of 171
          id: cord-003158-mhlqnj52
      author: Wang, Qi
       title: Adapted HCV JFH1 variant is capable of accommodating a large foreign gene insert and allows lower level HCV replication and viral production
        date: 2018-07-13
       words: 5395
      flesch: 51
     summary: Images showed that NS5A positive cells (red) were also with the blue color of X-gal staining. However, a higher titer of HCV reporter virus was produced after inserting EGFP and Rluc into NS5A C-terminus of an adaptively mutated JFH1 strain designated JFH1-AM120 (18) .
    keywords: activity; am120; anti; antibody; assay; blue; cells; controls; culture; days; egfp; experiments; expression; fig; foreign; fusion; galactosidase; gene; hcv; hcv jfh1; hepatitis; huh7.5; immunofluorescence; infected; infectious; insertion; invitrogen; jfh1; lacz; lacz gene; large; microscopy; ns5a; pcr; post; production; protein; region; replication; reporter; results; rluc; rna; rnas; site; staining; study; supernatants; terminal; times; titer; total; transfection; vector; viral; virus
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        item: #16 of 171
          id: cord-003407-f5v3hhr8
      author: Hung, Ting-Chun
       title: Methanolic Extract of Rhizoma Coptidis Inhibits the Early Viral Entry Steps of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
        date: 2018-11-27
       words: 4798
      flesch: 37
     summary: suppress hepatitis C virus infection by blocking early viral entry Saikosaponin b2 is a naturally occurring terpenoid that efficiently inhibits hepatitis C virus entry Studying HCV cell entry with HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) To determine the effect of RC on viral attachment, we specifically added RC during HCV cell binding at 4 °C, which allows for virus binding but precludes viral internalization, and then tested the reporter readout at the end of the incubation.
    keywords: absence; activity; addition; analysis; anti; antiviral; assay; attachment; cells; concentration; control; coptidis; daas; days; decrease; drug; early; effect; end; entry; figure; free; fusion; genotypes; glycoproteins; hcv; hcvcc; hepatitis; host; huh-7.5; huh-7.5 cells; incubation; infection; infectivity; liver; luciferase; medicinal; methanolic; particles; presence; reporter; results; rhizoma; significant; test; time; treatment; usa; use; viral; viral entry; virus; viruses
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        item: #17 of 171
          id: cord-003993-3bozjfv7
      author: Cagliani, Rachele
       title: Mode and tempo of human hepatitis virus evolution
        date: 2019-10-25
       words: 7848
      flesch: 37
     summary: The prehistory of the silk road The history of the camel bone dating project The appearance of the domestic camel in southeast Arabia Rabbits and the specious origins of domestication Recent knowledge on hepatitis E virus in Suidae reservoirs and transmission routes to human Estimating maximum likelihood phylogenies with PhyML Distribution of HBV genotypes in Latin America Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and postanalysis of large phylogenies Complete genome sequence of a hepatitis E virus genotype 1e strain from an outbreak in Nigeria Hepatitis E in Italy: 5 years of national epidemiological, virological and environmental surveillance Hepatitis E virus genotypes and subgenotypes causing acute hepatitis Quantification and genetic diversity of Hepatitis E virus in wild boar (Sus scrofa) hunted for domestic consumption in Central Italy Dakovic Rode O. Genetic diversity of hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains derived from humans, swine and wild boars in Croatia from A case of incidental infection of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 1 in a domestic pig Hepatitis E virus genotype 1 and hepatitis A virus dual infection in pediatric patients with a low socioeconomic status from Mexico Epidemiology and genotype 3 subtype dynamics of hepatitis E virus in Belgium First detection of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 as a common infectious agent in patients with chronic liver damage in Mexico A new hepatitis E virus genotype 2 strain identified from an outbreak in Nigeria Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence and correlates of anti-HEV IgG antibodies in the Rakai District Hepatitis E virus infection in different groups of Estonian patients and people who inject drugs The worldwide burden of viral hepatitis in terms of death and disability is enormous. Technological advances that allow throughput sequencing of viral genomes, as well as the development of computational tools to analyze such genome data, have largely expanded our knowledge on the host range and evolutionary history of human hepatitis viruses.
    keywords: analysis; ancient; animals; approaches; associated; b virus; camel; case; chv; classification; common; cross; data; dating; different; distinct; distribution; diverse; diversity; domestic; ehv; emergence; epidemic; epidemiology; events; evidence; evolutionary; extant; family; fig; fish; genetic; genome; genotypes; global; hav; hbv; hcv; hdv; hepacivirus; hepadnaviruses; hepatitis; hepatoviruses; hev; high; history; horses; host; human; human hepatitis; identification; infected; infecting; infection; isolated; knowledge; large; likely; lineages; long; low; mammalian; mammals; molecular; new; non; novel; number; origin; orthohepevirus; particular; phylogenetic; phylogenies; populations; present; prevalence; primate; rate; recent; regions; related; reverse; rna; rodents; selection; sequences; single; species; specific; spread; strains; substitution; subtypes; swine; tdrp; time; transmission; variability; viral; virus; viruses; wild; world; worldwide; years; zoonotic
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        item: #18 of 171
          id: cord-005138-u2lwgyyf
      author: Kou, Yi-Hen
       title: Hepatitis C virus NS4A inhibits cap-dependent and the viral IRES-mediated translation through interacting with eukaryotic elongation factor 1A
        date: 2006-08-23
       words: 6128
      flesch: 41
     summary: We proposed that through interacting with eEF1A, HCV NS4A protein may deplete or interfere eEF1A in forming functional complexes involved in both cap-dependent and IRES-mediated translation. In this study, we found that HCV NS4A protein specifically interacted with the translation elongation factor, eEF1A (Figures 1 and 3) .
    keywords: acid; activities; activity; addition; amino; analysis; assay; beads; bicistronic; blot; cap; cells; dependent; eef1a; effect; elongation; factor; figure; fragment; fusion; gst; hcv; hepatitis; huh7; inhibition; inhibitory; interaction; ires; luciferase; mrna; nonstructural; ns3; ns4a; ns4a(21; ns4b; panel; pcdna; pcr; peptide; pgst; plasmid; presence; primer; protease; protein; purified; reaction; reporter; residues; rna; set; synthesis; system; topo; translation; v5histopo; viral; virus; western
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        item: #19 of 171
          id: cord-005617-bxbogskm
      author: Conway, Anna
       title: Hepatitis C Screening in Community-Based Voluntary Counselling and Testing Services in Europe: An Observational Study from the COBATEST Network 2014–2018
        date: 2019-11-20
       words: 3245
      flesch: 47
     summary: Finally, the univariate logistic regression analysis was performed and the odds ratios for a reactive HCV screening test were presented with their 95% confidence intervals and p values. WHO in 2016 recommended a dramatic scale-up of HCV testing and linkage to care to achieve elimination of HCV by 2030
    keywords: analysis; care; cbvct; clients; cobatest; collection; community; complete; counselling; data; drug; hcv; hepatitis; hiv; information; men; missing; model; msm; network; offer; people; populations; pwid; reactive; results; risk; rna; screening; services; sex; study; test; testing; use; variables
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        item: #20 of 171
          id: cord-006061-z9r5htm9
      author: Hu, Bo
       title: HCV NS4B targets Scribble for proteasome-mediated degradation to facilitate cell transformation
        date: 2016-06-17
       words: 4264
      flesch: 48
     summary: Moreover, HCV NS4B PBM induced Scribble degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, indicating that HCV NS4B utilized the same strategy with HPV E6 in regulating Scribble. The outcome of acute hepatitis C predicted by the evolution of the viral quasispecies Vaccination for hepatitis C virus: closing in on an evasive target Understanding the hepatitis C virus life cycle paves the way for highly effective therapies Chronic hepatitis C: future treatment Unravelling hepatitis C virus replication from genome to function Protein-protein interactions between hepatitis C virus nonstructural proteins Identification of the hepatitis C virus RNA replication complex in Huh-7 cells harboring subgenomic replicons Hepatitis C virus RNA replication and assembly: living on the fat of the land Interaction networks of hepatitis C virus NS4B: implications for antiviral therapy Expression of hepatitis C virus proteins induces distinct membrane alterations including a candidate viral replication complex Hepatitis C virus NS4B induces unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum overload responsedependent NF-kappa B activation Hepatitis C virus non-structural protein NS4B can modulate an unfolded protein response The roles of endoplasmic reticulum overload response induced by HCV and NS4B protein in human hepatocyte viability and virus replication
    keywords: addition; binding; cells; cellular; central; cmv2; degradation; domain; egfp; expression; fig; flag; hcv; hepatitis; hepg2; hpv; huh7.5.1; human; induced; interaction; jfh1; levels; localization; mechanism; membrane; motif; mutants; nonstructural; ns4b; ns5; panel; pathway; pbm; pdz; plasmids; post; proteasome; protein; replication; rna; roles; scribble; scribble protein; suppressor; terminal; transfected; transfection; transformation; tumor; ubiquitin; usa; viral; virus
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        item: #21 of 171
          id: cord-006129-5rog0s98
      author: Hemida, Maged Gomaa
       title: Exploiting the Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs in Viral Diseases: Expectations and Limitations
        date: 2012-08-16
       words: 7449
      flesch: 39
     summary: [12] We will discuss the roles and therapeutic potential of cellular as well as viral miRNAs (if any) in the pathogenesis and treatment of different viral diseases. HPyVs are able to encode viral miRNAs for their own benefit.
    keywords: action; active; analysis; antisense; antiviral; apoptosis; approach; cancer; cells; cellular; clinical; conserved; delivery; development; different; diseases; dna; downregulation; drug; early; ebv; effects; encode; evasion; expression; function; gene; genome; group; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; herpes; herpesviruses; high; hiv; host; hsv-1; human; identification; immune; important; induced; infected; infection; influenza; inhibition; interaction; latent; levels; liver; major; mdv; mice; micrornas; mir-122; mirnas; molecular; molecules; new; non; pathogenesis; phase; potential; production; profiles; promising; protein; recent; replication; resistance; response; results; review; role; sequence; silencing; sirna; small; specific; strategies; strategy; studies; study; target; targeted; targeting; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; tissues; transcription; treatment; tumors; ul112; upregulated; vector; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #22 of 171
          id: cord-006436-61mgtbj4
      author: Yoshiba, Makoto
       title: Development of reliable artificial liver support (ALS)-plasma exchange in combination with hemodiafiltration using high-performance membranes
        date: 1993
       words: 4459
      flesch: 54
     summary: Worse yet, liver transplant patients, particularly those with viral liver diseases, frequently experience recurrent viral liver disease, which can on occasion present as FHF (12) . The effect of ET on survival of FHF patients was not demonstrated by a controlled trial (6) .
    keywords: acute; alss; blood; bun; cases; charcoal; clinical; coma; cta; days; dbil; dna; exchange; failure; ffp; fhf; fulminant; grade; group; hbv; hcv; hdf; hepatic; hepatitis; high; hospital; iii; infection; level; liters; liver; membrane; nanb; new; onset; patients; performance; plasma; pmma; positive; rate; series; study; survival; tbil; transplantation; treatment; type; use; value; viral; virus
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        item: #23 of 171
          id: cord-006856-b1w25ob5
      author: None
       title: 19th Meeting of the Austrian Society of Transplantation, Transfusion, and Genetics, October 26–28, 2005
        date: 2005
       words: 29728
      flesch: 49
     summary: The average serum creatinine after 5 years is 153.56 ± 24.65 µmol/l. Cumulative graft survival after 5 years is shown by Kaplan-Meier curve: graft survival, 75.1%; patients survival, 83.9%; graft and patients survival, 67.1%. Extracorporeal photopheresis has been shown to be beneficial in acute and chronic rejection in heart transplant patients and has also been used in lung transplant recipients with acute rejection or bronchiolitis obliterans. Methods.
    keywords: abdominal; activation; activity; acute; addition; age; aim; alive; allogeneic; allograft; als; aml; analyse; analysis; anti; antibody; antigen; artery; ascites; assay; atg; auf; aus; autologous; average; background; bacterial; balb; basis; bei; biopsy; bleeding; blockade; blood; bmt; bnp; bone; bos; bronchial; c4d; c57bl/6; cancer; candida; cardiac; cardiomyocytes; cases; cd25; cd3; cd4; cells; cellular; center; chimerism; cholestatic; chronic; cirrhosis; clearance; clinical; cmv; cohort; cold; collection; combination; combined; common; comparable; comparison; complete; complications; conclusions; conditioning; consecutive; continuous; contrast; control; course; creatinine; criteria; csa; csf; ctla4ig; cuff; cumulative; cyclosporine; cytotect; das; data; day; days; dcm; dcs; death; decrease; dependent; der; des; diagnosis; die; dieser; different; disease; disorders; dna; donation; donor; dose; drug; dst; dysfunction; early; ecmo; effect; eine; end; episodes; ergebnisse; established; events; everolimus; excellent; expression; extended; factor; failure; female; fibrosis; follow; following; fty720; function; fungal; für; gcm; genotype; gms; good; grade; graft; graft survival; group; growth; gruppe; gvhd; h-2; hbcab; hbig; hbv; hcc; hcv; heart; hepatitis; high; higher; hl-1; ho-1; hplc; hsct; htx; human; iii; immunosuppression; impact; implantation; important; incidence; increase; induction; infection; inflammation; inhibitor; innsbruck; institution; intra; ischemia; islet; isolated; isolation; kaplan; kidney; left; levels; like; lipocalin-2; list; liver; living; long; loss; lower; lung; lung transplantation; lymphoma; majority; male; mapk; marginal; marrow; mars; mean; median; medical; meier; meld; methods; mice; microscopy; min; mit; mixed; model; moderate; mofetil; monitoring; months; mortality; multiple; mycophenolate; myeloablative; myocardial; n =; nach; negative; neoplasms; new; nicht; non; normal; number; observation; observed; organ; outcome; overall; p =; p38; pancreas; pancreatic; pap; parameters; particular; pathogens; patient survival; patienten; patients; pbsc; pcr; period; peripheral; phosphorylation; platelet; plb; population; positive; post; postoperative; posttransplant; potential; preoperative; preservation; primary; prior; probability; procedure; progression; proliferation; prophylaxis; protein; proteinuria; protocol; ptld; pts; pulmonary; quality; range; rate; ratg; ratio; recipients; recurrence; reduced; reduction; regimen; rejection; relapse; related; remission; renal; reperfusion; report; response; results; retrospective; ric; risk; role; s1p; sample; schlussfolgerungen; score; sepsis; serum; severe; sex; short; sich; significant; similar; sirolimus; skin; slpi; small; solid; solutions; specific; srl; stable; stage; standard; stem; stent; steroids; stimulation; studiengruppe; studies; study; substantial; suffering; surgical; survival; switch; system; tacrolimus; tbi; technique; term; test; tgf; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; tolerance; total; transplant patients; transplantation; transplanted; treatment; trm; tumor; type; underwent; university; unrelated; urine; use; values; vascular; vegf; venous; ventricular; vitro; vivo; von; waiting; war; weeks; werden; wien; wurde; years; zellen
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        item: #24 of 171
          id: cord-007236-8hiymqyb
      author: Sun, Ji-Min
       title: Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by Monascus pigment derivatives that interfere with viral RNA polymerase activity and the mevalonate biosynthesis pathway
        date: 2011-11-09
       words: 4995
      flesch: 38
     summary: The 65 kDa HCV NS5B protein has RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity and is a key player in HCV RNA replication. The production of geranylgeranyl lipids and cholesterol through the mevalonate pathway is important for HCV RNA replication.
    keywords: aads; acid; activities; activity; amino; analysis; anti; antiviral; assay; binding; biosynthesis; cells; cholesterol; coa; combination; compound; concentration; crystal; dependent; derivatives; docking; figure; genome; genotype; hcv; hcv replication; hepatitis; hmg; huh7; ifn; ile; infection; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; leu; levels; lipid; metabolites; mevalonate; microbial; molecular; monascus; mop; mop aads; nni; ns5b; nucleoside; palm; pathway; phe; pigments; polymerase; production; protein; r-1; rdrp; reductase; replication; replicon; results; rna; secondary; selected; site; subdomain; subgenomic; therapy; thumb; treatment; usa; virus; western
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        item: #25 of 171
          id: cord-007305-pkjfnhro
      author: Iosub, Silvia
       title: Leukonychia Partialis in Kawasaki Disease
        date: 1984-10-17
       words: 1086
      flesch: 53
     summary: We would welcome correspondence from others who have seen nail color abnormalities in Kawasaki disease. It was characterized by the presence of neutralizing and often HAl antibody to HCV OC43, but not to the antigenically related NCDCV
    keywords: acute; antibody; color; controls; coronavirus; days; disease; fever; groups; hcv; kawasaki; leukonychia; like; nail; oc43; overnight; particles; patients; relapsing; sera; signs; subjects; tetracycline; tick
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        item: #26 of 171
          id: cord-007890-bie1veti
      author: None
       title: ECC-4 Abstracts
        date: 2002-04-16
       words: 86133
      flesch: 45
     summary: On the whole, E. coli showed an elevated sensitivity rate ( !/90% of tested strains) to nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, amikacin, and 2nd-and 3rd-generation cephalosporins, while only amoxicillin and piperacillin had a mean resistance rate !/30 % for M41L, D67N, K103N, M184V, L210W, T215YF, and for L10I, M36I, L63P, A71VT, L90M for P Inhibitors (PI).
    keywords: -test; /10; 1st; 2nd; 3rd; abdominal; abscess; absence; academy; acid; acinetobacter; action; active; activities; activity; acute; acv; acyclovir; addition; adherence; administration; admission; adult patients; adults; adverse; aeruginosa; affected; agar; aged; agents; aids; aim; aims; albicans; alternative; amb; amikacin; aminoglycosides; amoxicillin; amphotericin; amplification; amx; anaerobic; analysis; animals; antibacterial; antibiotic; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic therapy; antibiotic treatment; antibodies; antibody; antifungal; antigen; antimicrobial; antimicrobial resistance; antiretroviral; antiviral; applied; approach; appropriate; area; arthritis; aspergillus; assay; associated; association; atb; athens; atypical; auc; aureus; aureus strains; available; average; azithromycin; aztreonam; b b; b á; b/0.001; b/0.05; bacilli; bacillus; background; bacteria; bactericidal; bacteriological; baseline; basis; baumanii; bcr; best; beta; better; bid; biochemical; biofilm; biomerieux; biopsy; blood; body; bologna; bone; brazil; brivudin; broad; bronchial; broth; brucella; brucellosis; bulgaria; c b; calcutta; cancer; candida; cap; carbapenems; care; cases; catarrhalis; catheter; causative; cause; cd4; cdad; cefepime; cefotaxime; ceftazidime; ceftriaxone; cells; center; central; centre; cephalosporins; cfu; cfx; changes; characteristics; chemotherapy; chest; children; chloramphenicol; choice; chronic; ciprofloxacin; cirrhosis; city; clarithromycin; clavulanate; clavulanic; clearance; clindamycin; clinical; clinical isolates; clinical microbiology; clinical strains; cloacae; cmd; cmv; cns; coagulase; cocci; coli; coli strains; colistin; collected; colonies; colonization; colony; combination; combined; common; community; comparable; comparison; complete; compliance; complicated; complications; compounds; concentrations; concern; conclusion; conditions; consecutive; consumption; continued; control; copd; copies; core; correlation; cost; cotrimoxazole; count; course; criteria; cross; crp; csf; cultures; cure; d b; daily; data; database; days; ddst; december; decrease; decreasing; delay; department; dependent; detection; determination; determined; development; diagnosis; diarrhoea; differences; different; difficile; diffusion; dilution; direct; disc; discussion; disease; disk; distribution; dna; dosage; dose; dosing; double; doxycycline; drug; drug resistance; duration; e b; early; echinococcosis; economic; effect; effective; effectiveness; efficacy; efficiency; efflux; elderly; elevated; emergence; empirical; endemic; endocarditis; enteric; enterobacteriaceae; enterococcus; enzyme; epidemiological; epidermidis; episodes; eradication; erythromycin; esbl; escherichia; essential; etiology; europe; european; evaluation; events; evidence; exacerbations; examination; excellent; expected; experimental; exposure; expression; extended; extensive; f b; factors; faculty; faecalis; faecium; failure; family; favorable; features; female; fever; findings; fluconazole; fluid; fluoroquinolones; following; follows; form; france; french; frequencies; frequency; frequent; function; fungal; fungi; furazolidone; g b; garcia; gatifloxacin; gdc; gel; general; generation; genes; genotype; gentamicin; germany; gfx; global; glu; glycopeptides; good; gps; gram; greater; greece; group; group b; growth; guidelines; haart; haemophilus; half; hav; hbeag; hbv; hcc; hcv; health; hepatic; hepatitis; herpes; hgv; high; high resistance; higher; highest; history; hiv; hiv patients; hiv-1; hospital; hospitalization; host; hsv; human; hungary; hygiene; i.v; icu; icu patients; identification; ifn; iii; illness; imipenem; immunocompromised; immunological; impact; important; improvement; incidence; increase; incubation; index; india; individuals; infected; infection; inflammatory; influence; influenza; information; infusion; inhibition; inhibitory; initial; institute; integrons; intensive; interaction; interferon; intermediate; internal; interpretation; intestinal; intravenous; introduction; invasive; investigation; involvement; ioannina; iran; islamic; isolates; isolation; istanbul; italy; j b; january; june; kansasi; killing; klebsiella; l b; laboratory; lactamase; lactams; lamivudine; large; lead; length; lesions; level; levofloxacin; lfx; life; like; limited; linezolid; liver; load; local; london; long; longer; loss; lower; lrti; lumbar; lung; lzd; m b; macrolides; madrid; main; major; majority; malaria; male; maltophilia; management; march; marked; markers; mass; material; mean; measures; mechanisms; median; medical; medicine; medium; meningitis; meropenem; methicillin; methods; metronidazole; mic90; mice; microbiological; microbiology; microdilution; microorganisms; mics; middle; midecamycin; mild; milk; minimum; minocycline; model; moderate; molecular; monitoring; monotherapy; months; morbidity; mortality; moscow; mothers; moxifloxacin; mrsa; mrsa strains; mssa; multi; multidrug; multiple; multiresistant; muscle; mutant; mutations; mycobacterium; national; nccls; necessary; need; negative; neisseria; neonatal; netilmicin; neutropenic patients; new; newborns; newer; nitric; nitrofurantoin; non; norfloxacin; normal; nosocomial; novel; number; objective; observation; observed; oil; old; onset; optimal; oral; order; organisms; oseltamivir; osteoarticular; outbreak; outcome; outpatient; overall; oxacillin; oxide; p c; parameters; pathogens; pathology; patients; pattern; pb/; pcr; pct; peak; pediatric; penicillin; percent; percentages; period; peripheral; pertussis; pharmacodynamic; pharmacokinetic; pharmacology; pharmacy; pharyngitis; phase; phenotype; physicians; piperacillin; plasma; plasmid; plates; pneumococcal; pneumoniae; point; poland; policy; poor; population; positive; positive patients; positive strains; possible; post; potential; predictive; predominant; preliminary; prescriptions; presence; present; present study; presentation; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary; prior; problem; production; products; profile; proliferation; prolonged; prophylaxis; proportion; prospective; protease; protein; proteus; pseudomonas; pts; public; pulmonary; purpose; pyogenes; randomized; range; rapid; rare; rate; reaction; recent; recommendations; reduced; reference; reflux; regimen; regions; related; relationship; renal; replication; reported; reports; republic; research; resistance; resistance rates; resistant bacteria; resistant isolates; resistant s.; resistant staphylococcus; resistant strains; respiratory; response; responsible; results; retrospective; reverse; rifampicin; right; risk; rna; roche; rods; role; romania; routine; rpr132552; rpr202868; russian; s b; s. aureus; safety; salmonella; samples; school; sciences; screening; second; secretions; selective; sensitive; sensitivity; sepsis; series; serological; serotype; serum; service; severe; severity; sex; sheep; short; significant; signs; similar; single; sinusitis; site; skin; slovakia; society; sofia; soft; sorocaba; sources; spain; species; specific; specificity; specimens; spectrum; spp; spread; sputum; staff; standard; staphylococcus; state; status; stay; stool; strains; streptococcus; streptogramin; streptomycin; structure; students; studies; study; subjects; success; suffering; suitable; sulbactam; surgery; surgical; surveillance; survey; susceptibility; susceptible; susceptible strains; sustained; swabs; symptomatic; symptoms; syndrome; synergy; synthesis; system; systemic; tau; tazobactam; teaching; tehran; teicoplanin; telithromycin; tested; testing; tetracycline; th1; therapeutic; therapy; thrombocytopenia; time; tissue; tobramycin; tolerability; total; tract; tract infection; treatment; trends; trial; trimethoprim; ttv; tuberculosis; tunisia; turkey; type; typhi; typhus; typing; underlying; underwent; units; university; university hospital; unknown; upper; urealyticum; urinary; urine; use; useful; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; values; vancomycin; vap; variation; varicella; ventilation; viral; virus; viruses; visa; visit; vitro; vivo; volunteers; vor; wall; warsaw; weeks; weight; wide; women; work; wound; xrp2868; years; zone; zoster; á/10; á/2001
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        item: #27 of 171
          id: cord-009263-w8bmmgtj
      author: Colpitts, Che C.
       title: Hepatitis C Virus Entry: An Intriguingly Complex and Highly Regulated Process
        date: 2020-03-18
       words: 7136
      flesch: 34
     summary: Are Required To Enhance Hepatitis C Virus Entry An interplay between hypervariable region 1 of the hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein, the scavenger receptor BI, and high-density lipoprotein promotes both enhancement of infection and protection against neutralizing antibodies High density lipoproteins facilitate hepatitis C virus entry through the scavenger receptor class B type I Oxidized low-density lipoprotein inhibits hepatitis C virus cell entry in human hepatoma cells Lipoprotein lipase mediates hepatitis C virus (HCV) cell entry and inhibits HCV infection Lipoprotein lipase inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by blocking virus cell entry Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase reduce the infectivity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) through their catalytic activities on HCV-associated lipoproteins Long-chain fatty acyl-coenzyme A suppresses hepatitis C virus infection by targeting virion-bound lipoproteins Different domains of CD81 mediate distinct stages of hepatitis C virus pseudoparticle entry Inhibition of hepatitis C virus infection by anti-claudin-1 antibodies is mediated by neutralization of E2-CD81-claudin-1 associations Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81 Critical interaction between E1 and E2 glycoproteins determines binding and fusion properties of hepatitis C virus during cell entry CD81 and claudin 1 coreceptor association: Role in hepatitis C virus entry Claudin association with CD81 defines hepatitis C virus entry HRas signal transduction promotes hepatitis C virus cell entry by triggering assembly of the host tetraspanin receptor complex Single Particle Imaging of Polarized Hepatoma Organoids upon Hepatitis C Virus Infection Reveals an Ordered and Sequential Entry Process Hepatitis C virus enters liver cells using the CD81 receptor complex proteins calpain-5 and CBLB Scavenger receptor BI and BII expression levels modulate Hepatitis C virus infectivity Hepatoma cell density promotes claudin-1 and scavenger receptor BI expression and hepatitis C virus internalization Building a mechanistic mathematical model of hepatitis C virus entry EGFR and EphA2 are host factors for hepatitis C virus entry and possible targets for antiviral therapy CD81 is a central regulator of cellular events required for hepatitis C virus infection of human hepatocytes Hepatitis C virus induces epidermal growth factor receptor activation via CD81 binding for viral internalization and entry Contrasting roles of mitogen-activated protein kinases in cellular entry and replication of hepatitis C virus: MKNK1 facilitates cell entry Residues in a highly conserved claudin-1 motif are required for hepatitis C virus entry and mediate the formation of cell-cell contacts Selection of a hepatitis C virus with altered entry factor requirements reveals a genetic interaction between the E1 glycoprotein and claudins Isolate-dependent use of claudins for cell entry by hepatitis C virus Claudin-6 and claudin-9 function as additional coreceptors for hepatitis C virus The tight junction proteins claudin-1, -6, and -9 are entry cofactors for hepatitis C virus A genome-wide genetic screen for host factors required for hepatitis C virus propagation Genetic dissection of Flaviviridae host factors through genome-scale CRISPR screens COPII cargo claudin-12 promotes hepatitis C virus entry The second extracellular loop dictates Occludin-mediated HCV entry Temporal analysis of hepatitis C virus cell entry with occludin directed blocking antibodies The tight junction-associated protein occludin is required for a postbinding step in hepatitis C virus entry and infection Hepatitis C virus utilizes VLDLR as a novel entry pathway Abl Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Hepatitis C Virus Entry.
    keywords: antibodies; antiviral; apoe; apolipoprotein; attachment; basolateral; binding; c virus; cd81; cell; cell transmission; cellular; chronic; class; claudin-1; cldn1; complex; components; critical; cycle; density; dependent; domains; egfr; endocytosis; entry; envelope; essential; expression; factors; figure; formation; free; fusion; glycoproteins; hcv; hepatitis; hepatocytes; hepatoma; high; host; human; infection; inhibitors; initial; interaction; internalization; key; life; likely; lipoprotein; liver; localization; low; lvps; mabs; mechanisms; membrane; monoclonal; novel; occludin; ocln; particles; post; postbinding; process; receptor; replication; role; scavenger; step; study; subsequent; surface; transmission; type; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #28 of 171
          id: cord-009567-osstpum6
      author: None
       title: Abstracts Oral
        date: 2008-04-23
       words: 131515
      flesch: 49
     summary: This graft infiltration by recipient cells was more pronounced with vascularized skin grafts, and to a higher degree in heart transplants. Recipient cells similarly infiltrated allogeneic grafts early on and in larger numbers than for syngeneic grafts by day 4/5 post-transplantation.
    keywords: + +; -/and; 24h; a20; a2all; ability; abmr; abo; absence; abstracts; accelerated; accepted; access; accumulation; accuracy; acid; activated; activation; activity; acute; acute rejection; addition; adherence; adjusted; administration; adoptive; adult; adverse; african; age; aged; agents; aih; aim; albumin; ald; alemtuzumab; alf; alive; alloag; alloantibody; alloantigen; allocation; allogeneic; allograft; allograft function; allograft recipients; allograft rejection; allograft survival; alloimmune; alloreactive; allospecific; american; amr; analysis; animals; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigen; apc; apcs; apolt; apoptosis; apoptotic; apoptotic cells; approach; artery; assay; assessment; associated; association; atg; atrophy; auc; available; average; aza; b cells; background; baff; balb; baseline; basiliximab; bcl; bead; benefit; best; better; bile; biliary; binding; biomarkers; biopsies; biopsy; bkv; blockade; blocking; blood; blood group; bm12; bmi; bone; bos; c mice; c4d; c57bl/6; c5ar; cadaveric; calcineurin; calculated; cam; cancer; candidates; capable; capacity; cardiac; cardiovascular; care; cases; caucasian; cause; cav; ccr5; ccr7; cd103; cd11c; cd138; cd154; cd20; cd25; cd28; cd3; cd4; cd4 t; cd4+cd25; cd40; cd45rb; cd62l; cd8; cd80; cd86; cdc; cell activation; cell function; cell levels; cell proliferation; cell response; cell survival; cells specific; cellular; cellular rejection; center; cfse; chains; changes; characteristics; characterized; chemokine; children; chimeras; chimeric; chimerism; chronic; chronic allograft; chronic rejection; cinacalcet; cirrhosis; cirrhotic; class; clinical; cmv; cni; cohort; cold; collected; combination; combined; common; community; comparable; comparison; complement; complete; complications; conclusion; confirm; consecutive; consistent; continued; contrast; control; control group; conventional; conversion; converted; correlate; correlation; cost; costimulatory; course; cox; cpg; creatinine; criteria; critical; cross; crossmatch; csa; ctla4; cultured; cumulative; current; cvd; cve; cyclosporine; cytokine; cytometry; cytotoxic; daclizumab; daily; damage; dap12; data; database; days; days post; dba/2; dcd; dcs; death; deceased donor; decline; decreased; deficient; degree; delayed; demographic; dendritic cells; department; dependent; depletion; deposition; dept; detectable; detection; determined; development; dgf; diabetes; diabetic; diagnosis; dialysis; differences; different; differentiation; diminished; discontinuation; disease; dln; dn t; dna; donation; donor; donor age; donor cd4; donor cells; donor kidney; donor liver; donor renal; donor specific; donor t; donor transplant; dose; dosing; double; draining; drug; dsa; duration; dysfunction; early; ebv; ecd; effect; effective; effector; effector cells; efficacy; egfr; elevated; elisa; elispot; emt; endothelial; engraftment; enhanced; episodes; epithelial cells; erk; es cells; esrd; established; evaluation; events; evidence; excellent; exchange; exosomes; expansion; expected; experience; exposure; expression; extent; facs; factors; failure; family; fashion; fasl; fcxm; features; female; fewer; fibrosis; figure; final; findings; flow; fold; follow; following; form; foxp3; foxp3 expression; free; frequency; function; functioning; future; galt; gender; gene; general; generation; genetic; genotype; gfp; gfr; gils; glomerular; glucose; goal; good; grade; graft; graft biopsies; graft failure; graft function; graft loss; graft outcome; graft rejection; graft survival; greater; group; grp; gtko; h-2; h60; half; hand; hcc; hcv; hdaf; health; heart; heart transplant; help; hepatic; hepatitis; hepatocellular; hepatocytes; heterotopic; high; higher; highest; histological; histology; history; hla; ho-1; hospital; host; hours; hpsc; hrqol; hrs; human; humoral; hypertension; hypothesis; i.v; iak; ibd; identical; ido; ieq; ifn; ifng; ifnγ; igg; iii; il-10; il-2; il-4; il-6; imaging; immune; immunity; immunohistochemistry; immunological; immunosuppression; impact; impaired; important; improved; improvement; incidence; incompatible; increase; independence; indeterminate; index; indirect; individual; induced; induction; infected; infection; infiltrates; infiltration; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; information; infusion; inhibited; inhibitor; inhibits; initial; injury; inkt; innate; institute; institution; insulin; insurance; interaction; interferon; interstitial; intestinal; intragraft; introduction; investigated; iri; isa247; ischemia; islet; islet allograft; islet transplant; isolated; ivig; january; john; kdr; key; kidney; kidney allograft; kidney cells; kidney function; kidney graft; kidney recipients; kidney transplant; kidney tx; kinase; kinetics; known; ktx; laboratory; lack; large; large t; later; ldlt; lead; left; length; lesions; leukocyte; levels; lfa-1; likely; limited; lipid; list; listing; little; liver; liver allografts; liver disease; liver graft; liver recipients; liver transplantation; living; lmp1; load; local; logistic; long; longer; loss; low; lower; lps; lsecs; lt recipients; ltx; luminex; lung; lung transplant; lymphocytes; lymphoid; m290; mab; machine; macrophage; maintenance; major; majority; male; marked; markers; marrow; marrow cells; mass; matches; maturation; mcp; mdc; mean; measured; mechanisms; median; medical; medications; medicine; meld; memory; memory t; mesangial; methods; mhc; mice; microarray; migration; mild; min/1.73; minimal; minutes; mismatched; mixed; mlr; mmf; model; moderate; modification; mofetil; molecular; molecules; monitoring; monoclonal; monocytes; mononuclear; monotherapy; months; months post; morbidity; mortality; mouse; mrna; mst; mths; multiple; multivariate; murine; mycophenolate; myd88; n=1; n=2; n=3; n=5; n=6; n=8; national; natural; naïve; necessary; necrosis; need; negative; nephropathy; network; neutrophil; new; nk cells; non; normal; novel; novo; number; objective; observed; occurring; older; olt; ongoing; onset; operational; operative; optimal; organ; organ transplant; orthotopic; outcomes; overall; ox40; p<0.001; p<0.05; paec; pairs; pancreas; panel; parameters; partial; particular; party; pathogenesis; pathology; pathway; patient survival; patients; patterns; pbmc; pcr; pd-1; pdc; peak; pediatric; peptide; percentage; performance; period; peripheral; persistent; pfd; phase; phenotype; physical; pig; pittsburgh; pkcθ; plasma; plasma cells; platelets; pod; point; policy; poor; population; porcine; positive; possible; post; post transplant; post transplantation; potential; pra; practice; predictive; predictors; prednisone; pregnancy; preliminary; presence; present; preservation; pressure; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary; priming; prior; procedure; process; production; profile; program; progressive; proliferation; prolonged; promoter; properties; proportion; prospective; protein; proteinuria; protocol; proven; ptdm; ptld; pts; purified; purpose; pvb19; qft; quality; quantitative; r348; race; randomized; range; rapa; rapamycin; rapid; rates; ratg; reaction; recent; receptor; recipient cells; recipients; recovery; recurrence; reduced; regimen; region; registry; regression; regulation; regulatory; regulatory cells; rejecting; rejection; rejection episodes; rejection patients; rejection rates; related; relationship; relative; relevant; relt; renal; renal allograft; renal function; renal transplant; renal transplantation; reperfusion; replication; reported; research; resistant; respect; response; results; retrospective; review; rise; risk; risk patients; rituximab; role; rtx; samples; sap; score; scr; screening; secondary; secretion; self; sensitivity; sensitized; sensitized patients; sequential; sera; serum; severe; severity; sex; short; shows; signaling; signals; significant; signs; similar; simultaneous; single; sinusoidal; sirna; sirolimus; site; size; skin; small; solid; solution; source; specific; specific cd8; specificity; spk; spleen; splenic; splenocytes; split; srl; stable; stable graft; stable patients; stage; staining; standard; stat1; statistical; status; stay; steroids; stimulated; stimulation; strain; strategies; strategy; stress; strong; studies; study; subjects; subsequent; subsets; successful; summary; superior; support; suppressive; surface; surgery; surgical; survey; survival; survival benefit; survival rates; survival time; sustained; syndrome; syngeneic; system; t antigen; t cells; tace; tacrolimus; target; targeting; tcmr; tcr; tcrβ; term; term graft; term survival; test; testing; tgf; tgfβ; th17; therapeutic; therapy; thrombosis; thymoglobulin; time; tissue; tissue cells; tlr4; tlr4ko; tnf; tnfα; tolerance; tolerant; tolerogenic; total; toxicity; transcription; transcripts; transduced; transferred; transgenic; transition; transplant; transplant centers; transplant model; transplant outcomes; transplant patients; transplant recipients; transplant rejection; transplant survival; transplant tolerance; transplantation; treated; treatment; treg; treg cells; trend; trial; trough; tst; tubular; tubular cells; tumor; tx patients; tx recipients; type; unclear; underwent; unique; united; univariate; university; unknown; untreated; upregulated; urinary; use; utility; vad; value; variables; vascular; vasculopathy; vegfr2; viral; virus; vitro; vivo; volume; vs.; waiting; waitlist; warm; weeks; weight; western; wild; withdrawal; women; work; worse; year; year graft; year post; yrs; zdcyd
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        item: #29 of 171
          id: cord-010088-s9tfvtao
      author: None
       title: Oral Abstracts
        date: 2013-11-01
       words: 43554
      flesch: 46
     summary: The information of blood donors with rare blood types is registered into the National Registering System for Blood Donors with Rare Blood Types by professional technician from organizations join the program. Present methods to recruit blood donors based on age, gender and occupation groups for a stable blood supply.
    keywords: absence; abstracts; accepted; accreditation; acid; activation; activities; activity; acute; addition; adverse; agents; aiha; aims; alleles; alloantibodies; allogeneic; amotosalen; analysis; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigens; apheresis; applied; approach; asian; assay; assessment; australia; autoimmune; availability; available; awareness; background; bacterial; basis; best; better; bleeding; blood; blood bank; blood cells; blood centers; blood collection; blood components; blood donation; blood donors; blood group; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood supply; blood transfusion; blood types; cardiac; care; cases; cause; cd36; cells; center; centre; chain; challenges; change; china; chinese; class; clear; clinical; collection; commercial; committee; common; complex; complications; concentrates; concentration; conclusion; conditions; consistent; contamination; continuous; control; cost; countries; country; criteria; critical; cross; cross blood; culture; current; data; day; days; deferral; deficient; definitions; demand; dengue; denv; detection; development; diagnosis; different; disease; distribution; dna; donations; drug; early; effective; effects; efficacy; eid; elisa; emm; errors; essential; established; events; example; expected; exposure; expression; facilities; factors; female; ffp; findings; focus; fold; following; fractionation; frequencies; frequency; frequent; fresh; function; future; gel; general; genotype; genotyping; global; goal; granulocyte; group; growth; guidelines; haemovigilance; hav; hbc; hbs; hbv; hcv; health; heparin; high; higher; history; hit; hiv; hla; hna; hospital; hpa; human; iat; identification; igg; immune; immunoglobulin; impact; implementation; important; improved; improvement; incidence; incidents; increase; india; individuals; induced; infected; infection; inflammatory; information; initial; injury; international; inventory; investigation; iron; isbt; itp; itregs; japan; japanese; jev; key; knowledge; laboratories; laboratory; large; lead; levels; likely; limited; local; long; loss; low; lower; lps; main; major; majority; male; management; measures; mechanism; medical; medicine; medium; methods; mice; model; molecular; monitoring; months; mortality; multiple; mutations; nait; national; national blood; necessary; need; negative; neutralizing; new; non; number; obi; observed; old; order; paper; particular; party; pathogen; patients; pbm; pcr; people; period; phase; phenotype; plasma; platelet; platelet antibodies; platelet donors; platelet transfusion; pmn; pmp; pool; population; positive; positive blood; possible; post; potential; practice; prepared; presence; present; presentation; prevalence; prior; procedures; process; processes; processing; production; products; programme; protein; prt; ptr; public; quality; range; rapid; rare blood; ratio; rbcs; rccs; reactions; reactive; recent; recipients; red; red blood; red cells; refractoriness; region; regional; registry; regulatory; related; relevant; remains; reported; reporting; reports; repository; requirements; research; residual; resources; response; results; review; risk; rmp; role; routine; safety; samples; screening; second; secondary; selection; self; sequencing; serological; serology; serum; service; severe; significant; similar; singapore; single; sites; skin; small; snp; society; specific; specificity; staff; standards; state; status; step; storage; strategies; strategy; students; studies; study; subtypes; sufficient; suitable; supernatant; support; surgery; surgical; symptoms; system; table; target; techniques; technologies; technology; term; terminology; tested; testing; tests; therapeutic; therapy; thrombocytopenia; time; tissue; tokyo; total; training; trali; transfusion; transfusion medicine; transfusion process; transfusion safety; transmission; treatment; types; understanding; units; university; untreated; use; useful; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; voluntary; washing; wnv; work; working; world; years
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        item: #30 of 171
          id: cord-010092-uftc8inx
      author: None
       title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT
        date: 2019-06-07
       words: 233543
      flesch: 50
     summary: One central question is the need of individual NAT screening (ID) versus minipool NAT screening (MP) approaches to identify all relevant viremias in blood donors. 3A-S02-03 Background: The screening of blood donors and returning travelers from active transmission areas have highlighted the importance of diagnosis of acute arboviral infections.
    keywords: /unit; aabb; abbott; abo blood; absence; abstract; accel; acceptable; access; accordance; account; accuracy; accurate; acid; activation; activities; activity; acute; addition; additive; adequate; adherence; adjusted; administration; admission; adsorption; adult; adverse; adverse reactions; adverse transfusion; aet; affected; african blood; age group; aged; agglutination; aggregation; agitation; agreement; ahg; aiha; aims; alert; algorithm; alinity; aliquots; allele; allergic; allergy; alloantibodies; alloantibody; allogeneic blood; allogeneic donors; alloimmunization; altered; alternative; american; amino; amotosalen; amounts; amplification; analysed; analysis; analytical; analyzer; anemia; annexin; annual; antenatal; anti; antibodies; antibody; antibody positive; antibody screening; antigen; antigen expression; antiglobulin; aop; apheresis; apheresis donors; apheresis platelet; apoptosis; apparent; application; applied; approach; appropriate; approval; april; architect; areas; arm; arms; array; arterial blood; arv; asia; aspects; assay; assessment; associated; association; assurance; asymptomatic; atp; atrs; attempt; attention; audit; august; australia; authorities; autoimmune; autologous blood; autologous donors; automated; availability; available; available blood; average; awareness; babesia; background; bacterial; bag; bags; balance; banks; baseline; basis; bcp; bct; bedside blood; beginning; behaviour; beneficial; benefit; best; beta; better; binding; bio; biological; biotin; bleeding; blood administration; blood background; blood bank; blood banking; blood cells; blood center; blood chimerism; blood collection; blood components; blood conservation; blood count; blood culture; blood demand; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood flow; blood gas; blood group; blood grouping; blood guide; blood haemoglobin; blood institute; blood loss; blood management; blood mixer; blood ordering; blood packs; blood plasma; blood platelet; blood pressure; blood processing; blood products; blood recipients; blood results; blood safety; blood samples; blood screening; blood sector; blood separation; blood services; blood specimens; blood supply; blood system; blood test; blood testing; blood transfusion; blood type; blood typing; blood units; blood utilization; blood volume; blood wastage; bombay; bone; breast; bsms; bts; buffy; burden; calcium; calculated; calculation; canada; cancer; capable; capacity; cardiac; cards; care; cases; categories; category; caucasian; cause; ccdee; cd177; cd34; cd36; cd38; cd62p; cell antibody; cell antigens; cell disease; cell donors; cell transfusion; cell units; cellular; centers; central blood; centre; centrifugation; certain; cfnas; cfu; chain; challenge; change; characteristics; characterization; characterized; check; chemotherapy; children; china; chinese blood; chronic; circulatory; classification; classified; clear; clinical; clinical data; clinical transfusion; clinicians; close; cmnc; cmv; coagulation; 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date; day; days; death; decades; december; decision; decreased; decreasing; deferral; deficiency; definitions; degree; delayed; deletion; delivery; demographic; density; department; dependent; descriptive; design; details; detectable; detection; determination; determined; developed; development; deviation; device; diagnosis; difference; different blood; differentiation; difficult; direct; discrepancies; discrepancy; disease; disorders; distribution; dmso; dna; dna samples; documentation; donating; donations; donor adverse; donor deferral; donor group; donor health; donor population; donor rbcs; donor red; donor return; donor safety; donor samples; donor screening; donor selection; doppler; dose; double; drms; drug; dubai blood; duffy blood; duration; e.g.; early; east; easy; economic; edel; edta; education; effect; effective; effective blood; effectiveness; efficacy; effort; elecsys; elective; electronic; elevated; eligibility; eligible; eligible donors; elisa; elution; emergency; encoding; end; endemic; english; enhancer; entire; environment; enzyme; epidemiological; epidemiology; episodes; equipment; errors; erythrocyte; essays; essential; established; estimate; estimation; etc; ethnicity; european; evaluation; events; evidence; examination; example; exchange; exon; expected; experience; experimental; experts; expiry; exposure; expression; extended; external; extract; eye; facebook; factors; failure; false; family; fast; feasibility; feasible; features; febrile; february; feedback; female blood; female donors; females; ferritin; fetal; fetus; ffp; fibrinogen; filter; filtration; final; findings; finland; finnish blood; flow; fnait; focus; fold; following; follows; food; forms; forward; framework; france; free; freezing; french blood; frequencies; frequency; frequent blood; fresh; frozen; function; fut1; future; gain; gamma; gap; gel; gender; gene; general; generation; genetic; genome; genomic; genotype; genotyping; germany; global; glucose; glycophorin; glycoprotein; gmp; goal; good; governance; government; grade; graft; granulocyte; granulocyte transfusion; greater; grifols; group antigens; group system; groups; growing; growth; guidelines; gvhd; haemolytic; haemovigilance; half; hand; hb levels; hbc; hbcore; hbcrag; hbsag; hbv; hct; hcv; hdfn; health; healthcare; healthy blood; heart; help; hematocrit; hematological; hematological patients; hematology; hematopoietic; heme; hemoglobin; hemolysis; hemolytic transfusion; hemorrhage; hepatitis; heterozygosity; heterozygous; hev; high; high risk; higher; highest; historical; history; hiv; hiv positive; hla; hna; homozygous; hormone; hospital; hospital blood; hospital transfusion; host; hours; house; house blood; hpa-1a; hsa; hsct; htlv; human; human blood; human platelet; hvs; hybrid; i2000sr; ida; identical; identification; igg; igm; ih-500; iii; il-1rap; il-3; illumination; immediate; immucor; immune; immunized; immunoglobulin; immunohematology; immunological; immunology; immunomodulatory; impact; implementation; important; important blood; improved; improvement; inactivated; incidence; incident; inclusion; incompatibility; incompatible; inconclusive; incorrect blood; increase; increment; incubation; index; india; indications; indicator; indirect; individual blood; individuals; induced; induction; infected; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; information; informed; infusion; initial; injured; injury; inno; insight; institute; institution; instruments; intake; integrated; intensity; intensive; intention; interaction; intercept blood; interest; international; interpretation; interregional blood; interval; intervention; interviews; intravenous; introduction; intron; invasive; inventory; investigation; ipu; iqr; iranian blood; irish blood; iron; irradiated; irradiation; irregular; isbt; isolated; issue; itp; ivig; january; july; june; kazakhstan; kell; key; kir; kit; kits; knowledge; known; korean; label; labeling; laboratories; laboratory; lack; lactate; lapse; large; largest; later; lead; learning; length; leukemia; leukocyte; leukoreduced; levels; life; lifestyle; light; like; likely; limited; limiting; linear; literature; little; local; logistic; long; longer; low; low hb; lower; lowest; lps; lung; lutheran blood; machine; main; maipa; major; major blood; majority; making; mandatory; manner; manual; manufacturer; manufacturing; march; marker; marrow; marrow donors; massive transfusion; matched; matching; materials; maternal; maximal; maximum; mean; measurement; measures; measuring; mechanism; median; mediators; medical; medium; mega blood; members; membrane; message; metabolic; methods; metrics; mfi; mice; microparticles; microvesicles; middle; migration; mild; milk; minimum; minor; mirasol; missing; mixed; mixing; mks; ml blood; mmhg; mmol; mns blood; mobile blood; model; moderate; modern; modified; molecular; molecules; monitoring; monoclonal; months; morbidity; mortality; mother; msm; multiple; multiple blood; murine; mutation; mvs; n =; national blood; nationwide blood; natural; necessary; need; needed; negative; negative blood; negative donors; negative results; negative samples; neonatal blood; neonates; netherlands; network; neutrophil; new blood; new donors; newborn; nhs blood; nhsbt; non; normal; normal blood; north; novel; november; nucleic; nucleotide; number; numerous; nurses; objective; observational; observed; occurrence; october; old; older blood; oncology; ongoing; online; operating; operational; operative; operators; opportunities; optia; optimal; optimal blood; option; oral; order; organ; organization; origin; outcomes; outside; overall; overload; oxidation; oxygen; p =; packed; pakistan; panel; papain; paper; parallel; parameters; partial; participants; particles; particular; particular blood; pas; past; pathogen; patient blood; patient safety; patients; patients samples; pattern; pbm; pbpc; pbsc; pcr; pcs; pdi; peak; pediatric; pediatric patients; people; percentage; performance; period; peripheral blood; personnel; pf4; phase; phenotype; physical; physicians; physiological; pilot; planned; plasma; plasma donation; plasma donors; plasma samples; plasma transfusion; plasma units; plasmapheresis; platelet; platelet antibodies; platelet antigens; platelet concentrates; platelet count; platelet donors; platelet function; platelet products; platelet storage; platelet transfusion; platelet units; platform; plt; plts; plus; pmet; point; policies; policy; polish blood; polymerase; polymorphisms; pooled; pooling; pools; poor; population; portugal; positive; positive anti; positive blood; positive donations; positive donors; positive group; positive patients; positive results; positive samples; positivity; possibility; possible; post; post transfusion; potassium; potential; potential donors; practical; practice; prbc; prc; precision; predictive; predictor; pregnancies; pregnancy; pregnant; pregnant blood; pregnant donors; preliminary; premedication; prenatal; preoperative; preparation; prepared; presence; present; present study; presentation; pretransfusion; prevalence; previous; previous blood; previous transfusion; prick; primary; primers; prior; prism; private blood; probability; problem; procedure; process; processed; production; profile; progenitor; program; programme; progress; project; proliferation; prolonged; promoter; proper; properties; prophylactic; prophylaxis; proportion; prospective; prospective blood; protein; protocol; provision; prp; prt; public; purpose; quality; quality blood; quantitative; questionnaire; questions; randomized; range; rapid; rare blood; rare donors; rate; rbc blood; rbc transfusion; rbc units; rbcs; rcc; rccs; reach; reactive; reactive blood; ready; reagents; reasons; recent; receptor; recipients; recombinant; recommendations; reconstitution; records; recovery; recruitment; red blood; red cell; red cross; reduced; reference; refractory; regional blood; regions; registered; regression; regular blood; regular donors; regulation; regulatory; rejection; related; relationship; relative; release; relevant; relevant blood; reliable; remote; remunerated blood; renal; repeat blood; repeat donors; replacement; replacement blood; reported; reporting; reports; reproductive; republic; request; require; requirements; research; residual; resistance; resource; respect; respiratory; respondents; response; responsible; restrictive; results; retention; retrospective; retrospective study; return; reveos; reveos blood; reverse; review; rh blood; rhce; rhd; rhd gene; rhd negative; rhd positive; rhdig; rhesus; rich; rise; risk; risk factors; risk patients; robust; roche; role; room; routine blood; russian; sagm; saharan; saline; sampling; sanger; sanguinis; sanquin blood; saving; scale; scd; scd patients; scenario; scientific; score; screening; season; second; second blood; secondary; sectional; selection; self; sensitive; sensitivity; sensitization; separate; september; sequence; sequencing; sera; serological; serology; seroprevalence; serum; set; setting; severe; severity; sex; sheep; shift; shock; short; shows; sickle; sigma; significant; significant blood; signs; similar; simple; single; single blood; sites; situation; size; skin; small; snp; snps; social; society; software; solid; soluble; solution; sources; south; spain; special; species; specific; specific blood; specificities; specificity; spectra; splice; split; spss; squ; square; src; ssp; stability; stable; staff; stakeholders; standard; standard blood; standardized; staphylococcus; start; starting; state; statistical; status; stem cell; step; stimulation; storage; storage period; storage time; stores; strains; strategies; strategy; strength; strong; structure; students; studies; study; study group; study period; subgroups; subjects; subsequent; substitutions; successful; sufficient; suitable; summary; supernatant; support; surface; surgery; surgical; surgical blood; surveillance; survey; survival; swirling; switzerland; symptoms; syndrome; syphilis; systematic; systems; t cell; ta6; ta7; taco; tacsi; tags; target; targeted; team; technical; technique; technologies; technology; temperature; temporary; terms; tertiary; terumo; test results; tested; testing; tests; thai blood; thalassemia; therapeutic; therapeutic blood; therapies; therapy; threats; threshold; thrombocytopenia; throughput; time donors; timely; times; tissues; titer; titre; tm blood; tool; total; total blood; total number; toxicity; tpe; tpo; traceability; training; trali; transcription; transfer; transfusion center; transfusion chain; transfusion data; transfusion events; transfusion guidelines; transfusion history; transfusion indications; transfusion institute; transfusion laboratory; transfusion management; transfusion medicine; transfusion models; transfusion policy; transfusion practice; transfusion process; transfusion protocol; transfusion reactions; transfusion recipients; transfusion results; transfusion safety; transfusion sample; transfusion service; transfusion strategies; transfusion support; transfusion testing; transfusion therapy; transfusion time; transfusion transmission; transfusions; transmission; transplantation; transpose; trauma; travel; treated; treatment; trend; trial; trigger; trima; true; ttis; tube; tumor; types; typing; uk blood; unclear; underlying; understanding; unique; united; universal; university; unknown; untreated; unusual; upper; uptake; usa; usage; use; useful; users; vaccination; valuable; value; variability; variables; variant; variation; varies; vasovagal; vector; vein; venous blood; version; versus; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; volumes; voluntary blood; vox; vvr; warm; washed; way; wb donors; wbc; wbd; weak; weak d; weeks; weight; western; wgs; white blood; wide; window; wnv; women; work; working; world; worldwide; wrong blood; years; yield; young; younger; zikv; à80
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        item: #31 of 171
          id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd
      author: None
       title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017
        date: 2017-09-04
       words: 230433
      flesch: 50
     summary: Probability of occurrence of cannabis metabolites in blood donor samples is likely to be highly variable across donor centers and is largely dependent on blood donor demographics. OBRR, CBER, FDA Background/Case Studies: Extended molecular typing of a large number of blood donors can increase the likelihood of identifying donor red blood cells (RBCs) that match those of the recipient.
    keywords: -ipf; 1,2; 2,3; 48c; 68c; 7)-d; aabb; abbott; abc; ability; abnormal; abo; abo blood; absence; absent; absolute; abstract; academic; acceptable; accepted; access; account; accuracy; accurate; acid; acoustic; activated; activations; activities; actual; acute; acute blood; adamts13; additional; additional blood; additive; address; adequate; adherence; adhesion; adjusted; administration; admission; adsorption; adult; adverse; aes; affected; african; agglutination; aggregation; agreement; ahg; ahus; aid; aim; aims; ais; albumin; alert; algorithm; alinity; aliquots; alleles; allergic; alloantibodies; alloantibody; allogeneic blood; alloimmunization; allow; alpha; altered; alternative; alyx; american; amicus; amino; amotosalen; amplification; amsc; amustaline; analysis; analytical; analyzed; analyzers; anemia; annual; anova; anti; antibodies; antibody; antibody screen; antibody testing; antigen; antigen negative; antiglobulin; antisera; anwj; ap donors; apheresis; apheresis donors; apheresis platelet; apparent; application; applied; appointment; approach; appropriate; approval; april; aprp; ardp; areas; as-3; assay; assessment; associated; association; asymptomatic; at1rab; atp; audit; august; autoab; autoimmune; autologous; autologous blood; automated; automation; availability; available; average; average blood; awareness; away; b cells; babesia; baby; background; bacterial; bactx; bags; band; banks; baseline; basis; bbc; bct; beadchip; beads; bedside; benefit; best; better; bilirubin; biotin; birth; bis; bleeding; blood; blood bank; blood banking; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood count; blood cultures; blood donation; blood donors; blood drives; blood establishments; blood filtration; blood flow; blood fridge; blood group; blood grouping; blood inventory; blood loss; blood management; blood mononuclear; blood order; blood ordering; blood pathway; blood plasma; blood pressure; blood products; blood quality; blood recipients; blood refusal; 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edta blood; educational; effect; effective; effectiveness; efficacy; efficient; effort; electronic; electronic blood; elevated; eligibility; eligible; elisa; eluate; emergencies; emergency blood; emergent; emr; encode; encoding; end; endemic; engraftment; enhanced; enhancement; enrichment; entry; environment; enzyme; epidemic; episodes; equal; equipment; equivalent; errors; erythrocytes; erytra; esd; essential; established; estimated; etc; ethnic; ethnicity; etiology; europe; evaluation; events; evidence; evs; example; excellent; exchange; exchange transfusion; exclusion; existing; exon; expectations; expected; experience; experimental; expiration; expired; exposure; expression; extended; extensive; extent; external; extracellular; extraction; facilities; facility; factors; failure; false; family; faster; fda; feasible; february; feedback; female; female donors; ferritin; fetal; fetus; fewer; ffp; fibrinogen; ficin; filter; filtration; final; finding; flow; fluid; fluorescence; focused; 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pak; pancreatitis; panel; papain; paper; parallel; parameters; parasites; partial; participants; particular; pas; past; pathogen; pathology; patient blood; patient care; patient data; patient identification; patient outcomes; patient plasma; patient population; patient rbcs; patient safety; patient samples; patients; patterns; pbm; pbmcs; pbsc; pcc; pcr; pcs; pd1; peak; pediatric; pediatric patients; peg; people; percentage; performance; period; peripheral blood; personnel; phase; phenotype; phenotype results; phlebotomy; phone; physical; physicians; pilot; placental blood; plasma; plasma anti; plasma exchange; plasma platelets; plasma samples; plasma testing; plasma transfusion; plasma units; plasma volume; plasmapheresis; platelet; platelet blood; platelet collection; platelet concentrates; platelet count; platelet donors; platelet inventory; platelet products; platelet transfusion; platelet units; plateletpheresis; platform; plerixafor; pls; plt; plt units; plts; pmn; pms; point; policy; polyclonal; polymorphism; pooled; pools; poor; population; positive; positive antibody; positive rbcs; positive results; positive samples; possibility; possible; post; post transfusion; potassium; potential; potential blood; practice; prbc; pre; precision; predictive; pregnancy; pregnant; preliminary; prenatal; preoperative; preparation; prepared; presence; present; present study; presentation; pressures; prevalence; previous; previous study; primary; primed; prior; probable; probe; problem; procedure; process; processes; processing; processor; procleix; profile; program; project; proliferation; properties; prophylactic; proportion; prospective; protein; protocol; providers; providing; province; prp; prt; pss; pts; public; pulmonary; pump; purpose; purpura; qualified blood; quality; quantitative; questionnaire; questions; random blood; randomized; range; rapid; rare; rare blood; rare donor; raritan; rate; ratios; rbc; rbc antibody; rbc antigens; rbc blood; rbc products; rbc samples; rbc storage; rbc transfusion; rbc units; rbc use; rbcs; rccs; rcf; reactive; reactive samples; reactivity; reagent; real; reasons; receipt; receiving; recent; recipients; recognized; recommendations; record; recovered; recovery; recruitment; recurrent; red blood; red cell; red cross; reduced; reduction; reference; refractoriness; refractory; regional blood; regions; regression; regular; regular blood; regulations; regulatory; rejection; rejuvenation; related; relationship; relative; release; relevant; reliable; remote blood; removal; removed; repeat; replacement; replicates; reported; reporting; reports; request; requirements; research; residents; residual; resolved; resources; respiratory; respondents; responder; response; responsible; results; resuscitation; retention; retrospective; retrospective study; return; reverse; review; revised; rflp; rh blood; rh(-; rhce; rhce*ce; rhd; rhd*diiia; rhig; rich; rise; risk; rna; robust; role; room; routine; routine blood; rrbc; rrv; rule; run; runs; sagm; saline; sample results; sampling; sandra; sanger; sanquin; saturation; savings; scale; scale blood; scd; scd patients; schedule; school; scientific; score; scott; screening; screens; sdp; second; secondary; secure; seeded; segment; selected; selection; sensitive; sensitivity; sensitization; separate; sepsis; september; septic; sequence; sequencing; series; seroconversion; serologic; serology; serum; session; set; sets; setting; severe; severity; sex; shelf; shock; short; shorter; shows; sickle; sieving; signal; significant; significant blood; signs; similar; similar results; simple; simulated; simulated transfusion; simulation; singapore; single; site; situations; size; size blood; small; smaller; snmvs; snp; snps; software; solid; solution; source; south; spc; spdp; special; species; specific; specifications; specificity; spectra; speed; spiked; spin; spleen; split; square; ssp; ssrbcs; stability; staff; stakeholders; standard; standard blood; standardized; starting; states; statistical; stay; stem cell; steps; sterile; storage; strategies; strategy; strength; strong; strs; students; study design; study group; study period; study population; subjects; subsequent; subset; substantial; substitution; successful; suitable; summer; supernatant; supplement; support; suppression; surface; surgeries; surgery; surgical blood; surveillance; survey; survival; susan; sxs; symptoms; syndrome; syringe; sysmex; systems; t cells; t&s; table; taco; taiwan; target; targeted; tasks; tattoo; team; technical; technique; technologists; technology; temperature; terms; tertiary; terumo; test results; tested; testing; testing method; testing time; tests; tetanus; tgf; thalassemia; thawed; thawing; therapeutic; therapeutic plasma; therapy; threshold; thrombin; thrombocytopenia; thrombotic; throughput; time; time donors; time period; time studies; time study; timely; tissue; titer; titer anti; titer results; tma; tms; tool; total; total blood; total number; total plasma; toxicity; tpe; tracking; traditional; training; trali; tranexamic; transfer; transfused; transfusion center; transfusion data; transfusion guidelines; transfusion laboratory; transfusion management; transfusion medicine; transfusion practice; transfusion process; transfusion protocol; transfusion quality; transfusion reactions; transfusion recipients; transfusion results; transfusion safety; transfusion sample; transfusion service; transfusion strategies; transfusion study; transfusion support; transfusion testing; transfusion therapy; transfusion transmission; transfusion volume; transfusion yield; transfusions; transmission; transplant; transplantation; transport; trauma; trauma patients; travel; treatment; tregs; trend; trial; triglyceride; trima; true; ttp; ttp patients; tube; tube method; tumor; turnaround; txa; txs; types; typing; typing results; u.s; ucb; underlying; understanding; underwent; unique; unit transfusion; united; units; universal; universal blood; university; unknown; unrelated; untreated; urgent; urine; usage; use; useful; users; uv1r; uva; vaccination; vaccine; validation; values; variable; variants; variations; varied; vein; venous; venous blood; verification; version; viability; viable; viral; virtuo; virus; viruses; vision; visual; vitro; vivo; volumes; voluntary blood; volunteers; vs.; vvr; vwf; waiha; walk; warm; washed; washing; wastage; waste; way; wbc; wbcs; wbd; wbf; weak; weak d; weekly; weeks; weight; white blood; wide; williams; window; women; work; workflow; working; workload; workup; world; wrong blood; x10; yale; year; yfv; yield; young; zealand blood; zika; zikv; zkv; zpp
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        item: #32 of 171
          id: cord-010273-0c56x9f5
      author: Simmonds, Peter
       title: Virology of hepatitis C virus
        date: 2001-10-10
       words: 7904
      flesch: 30
     summary: Homology of the predominant genotype with the prototype American strain Detection of three types of hepatitis C virus in blood donors: Investigation of type-specific differences in serological reactivity and rate of alanine aminotransferase abnormalities Identification of hepatitis C viruses with a nonconserved sequence of the 5' untranslated region Sequence analysis of the 5' noncoding region of hepatitis C virus At least five related, but distinct, hepatitis C viral genotypes exist Typing of hepatitis C virus isolates and new subtypes using a line probe assay Sequence analysis of the 5' untranslated region in isolates of at least four genotypes of hepatitis C virus in the Netherlands Use of the 5' non-coding region for genotyping hepatitis C virus Genotypes of hepatitis C virus in Italian patients with chronic hepatitis C Heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus genotypes in France Genotypic analysis of hepatitis C virus in American patients Hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian volunteer blood donors in Riyadh Risk factors associated with a high seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian blood donors High HCV prevalence in Egyptian blood donors Sequence variability in the 5' non coding region of hepatitis C virus: Identification of a new virus type and restrictions on sequence diversity Geographical distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in blood donors: An international collaborative survey New genotype of hepatitis C virus in South-Africa Typing of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomes by restriction fragment length polymorphisms Distribution of plural HCV types in Japan Clinical backgrounds of the patients having different types of hepatitis C virus genomes Genomic typing of hepatitis C viruses present in China HCV genotypes in China HCV genotypes in different countries Differences in the hepatitis C virus genotypes in different countries Prevalence, genotypes, and an isolate (HC-C2) of hepatitis C virus in Chinese patients with liver disease Imported hepatitis C virus genotypes in Japanese hemophiliacs Genotypic subtyping of hepatitis C virus Survey of major genotypes and subtypes of hepatitis C virus using restriction fragment length polymorphism of sequences amplified from the 5' non-coding region A new type of hepatitis C virus in patients in Thailand Hepatitis C virus variants from Nepal with novel genotypes and their classification into the third major group Hepatitis C virus variants from Vietnam are classifiable into the seventh, eighth, and ninth major genetic groups Prediction of response to interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis C HCV genotypes in chronic hepatitis C and response to interferon Detection of hepatitis C virus by polymerase chain reaction and response to interferon-alpha therapy: hepatitis C virus isolates and PCR primers for specific detection Application of six hepatitis C virus genotyping systems to sera from chronic hepatitis C patients in the United States Use of NS-4 peptides to identify typespecific antibody to hepatitis C virus genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 Characterization of hypervariable regions in the putative envelope protein of hepatitis C virus Evidence for immune selection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) putative envelope glycoprotein variants:
    keywords: acid; activity; amino; analysis; antibody; assays; binding; blood; c virus; cell; chronic; chronic hepatitis; cleavage; clinical; coding; comparisons; core; culture; degree; dependent; differences; different; distribution; donors; envelope; evidence; example; expression; figure; gbv; genome; genotypes; geographic; glycoprotein; groups; hcv; hcv genotypes; hepatitis; human; hypervariable; identification; infection; initiation; interferon; internal; japan; major; method; new; non; ns2; ns3; ns4a; ns5; nucleotide; parts; patients; pcr; pestiviruses; phylogenetic; polymerase; polyprotein; positive; possible; proteins; putative; rate; region; related; replication; response; rna; sequence; similar; similarity; sites; specific; strand; studies; subtypes; table; translation; transmission; treatment; typing; variability; variants; viral; virus; virus genotypes; viruses
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        item: #33 of 171
          id: cord-011026-iapgkz0p
      author: El-Bitar, Alaa M. H.
       title: Smp76, a Scorpine-Like Peptide Isolated from the Venom of the Scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus, with a Potent Antiviral Activity Against Hepatitis C Virus and Dengue Virus
        date: 2019-07-06
       words: 5255
      flesch: 45
     summary: Smp76 antiviral activity was evaluated using a cell culture technique utilizing Huh7it-1, Vero/SLAM, HCV (JFH1, genotype 2a) and DENV (Trinidad 1751, type 2). The present data clearly showed that smp76 inhibits the ability of HCV virus to infect the host cells.
    keywords: abdel; active; activities; activity; amino; antimicrobial; antiviral; assay; bitar; bonds; cells; characterization; concentration; control; crude; culture; data; dengue; denv; determined; development; direct; disulfide; drugs; effect; et al; expression; fig; fractions; fusion; global; hcv; health; hepatitis; host; hplc; huh7it-1; infected; infection; infectivity; inhibitors; japan; like; mass; measles; medium; mixture; molecular; mouse; new; palmatus; patients; peptide; production; protein; purified; rahman; recombinant; replication; results; rna; scorpine; scorpion; sequence; slam; smp76; states; study; supernatants; synthetic; table; terminal; treatment; united; usa; venom; vero; virus; ° c
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        item: #34 of 171
          id: cord-011182-nbtfb39r
      author: Dehghani, Behzad
       title: Bioinformatics Analysis of Domain 1 of HCV-Core Protein: Iran
        date: 2019-04-20
       words: 6194
      flesch: 43
     summary: A comprehensive scoring function for model quality assessment Prediction of CTL epitopes using QM, SVM and ANN techniques Sequence and structurebased prediction of eukaryotic protein phosphorylation sites1 Prediction of post-translational glycosylation and phosphorylation of proteins from the amino acid sequence The humoral immune response to HCV: understanding is key to vaccine development Packaging of HCV-RNA into lentiviral vector In silico platform for prediction of N-, O-and C-glycosites in eukaryotic protein sequences Protein structure prediction server Amino acid sequence The hepatitis C virus Core protein is a potent nucleic acid chaperone that directs dimerization of the viral (+) strand RNA in vitro Immunogenicity of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis virulence protein, InvH, and cross-reactivity of its antisera with Salmonella strains Immunoprotectivity of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis virulence protein, InvH, against Salmonella typhi Functional and structural characterization of Ebola virus glycoprotein (1976-2015)-An in silico study VaxiJen: a server for prediction of protective antigens, tumour antigens and subunit vaccines Induction of hepatitis A virus-neutralizing antibody by a virus-specific synthetic peptide Human leukocyte antigen class I alleles can predict response to pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients Identification of four epitopes in hepatitis C virus core protein Mutations in the hepatitis C virus core gene are associated with advanced liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma Prevalence of amino acid mutation in hepatitis C virus core region among Japanese volunteer blood donors Protein identification and analysis tools on the ExPASy server Prediction of T-cell epitopes of hepatitis C virus genotype 5a SOPMA: significant improvements in protein secondary structure prediction by consensus prediction from multiple alignments Hepatitis C virus and the immune system: a concise review Prediction of glycosylation across the human proteome and the correlation to protein function Immune response to hepatitis C virus core protein in mice Expansion of CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus infection A decline in anti-core + 1 antibody titer occurs in successful treatment of patients infected with hepatitis C virus F protein increases CD4+ CD25+ T cell population in patients with chronic hepatitis C Mutations of the core gene sequence of hepatitis C virus isolated from liver tissues with hepatocellular carcinoma Evaluation of a native preparation of HCV core protein (2-122) for potential applications in immunization, diagnosis and mAb production Detection of specific antibodies to HCV-ARF/CORE + 1 protein in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C: a possible association with progressive fibrosis Amino acid substitutions in the hepatitis C virus core region are the important predictor of hepatocarcinogenesis Amino acid substitution in hepatitis C virus core region and genetic variation near the interleukin
    keywords: acid; akuta; akuta et; alleles; amino; analysis; arginine; bioinformatics; c virus; carcinoma; cell; cell epitopes; cellular; chronic; class; core; core protein; ctl; data; different; domain; epitopes; et al; fig; flexibility; function; gene; genotype; h.res.in/ragha; hcc; hcv; hepatitis; hepatocellular; high; hla; immune; important; infected; infection; iranian; kinase; liver; majority; method; model; mutations; ogata; online; patients; peptidase; peptide; phosphorylation; positions; prediction; properties; protein; region; residues; response; results; rna; role; samples; secondary; sequences; serine; server; signal; significant; sites; software; specific; structure; studies; study; substitutions; surface; table; tertiary; therapy; threonine; tools; vaccine; viral; virus
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        item: #35 of 171
          id: cord-013176-6ckuya1w
      author: Ninfali, Paolino
       title: Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies
        date: 2020-08-21
       words: 8135
      flesch: 29
     summary: Front Antiviral Phytochemicals: An Overview Flavonoids: Promising natural compounds against viral infections Antiviral effects of phytochemicals from medicinal plants: Applications and drug delivery strategies Antiviral activity of Disticella elongata (Vahl) Urb. Concerning the combination of flavonoids in an antiviral cocktail, each phytochemical may be used initially at a concentration of about 0.5 g/day with the aim of reaching an intake of 3 g/day of antiviral flavonoids.
    keywords: able; absorption; active; activities; activity; agents; antioxidant; antiviral; antiviral activity; antiviral drugs; antiviral effects; apigenin; approach; authors; bioavailability; blood; cells; combination; compounds; concentration; day; delivery; dependent; diet; different; dna; domain; drugs; effective; effects; efficacy; egcg; entry; enzyme; extract; factor; figure; flavonoids; food; genome; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; higher; hiv; host; hsv-1; human; immune; increase; infected; infections; influenza; inhibited; inhibition; like; luteolin; mechanisms; membrane; mice; molecular; molecules; nanoparticles; naringenin; natural; new; non; ns3; ns5b; oral; order; phytochemicals; pivotal; plant; polymerase; production; properties; protease; protein; quercetin; range; rbcs; receptor; red; release; replication; reverse; review; rhamnoside; rna; role; site; specific; strategies; structural; studies; subunit; synergistic; synthetic; system; target; terminal; therapeutic; transcriptase; translation; viral infections; virions; virus; viruses; vitexin; vitexin-2; vivo
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        item: #36 of 171
          id: cord-013244-d6saaiu9
      author: Eijsink, Job F. H.
       title: Cost-effectiveness of hepatitis C virus screening, and subsequent monitoring or treatment among pregnant women in the Netherlands
        date: 2020-10-16
       words: 5925
      flesch: 46
     summary: HCV screening of pregnant women potentially contributes to the goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) to achieve 90% diagnosis of HCV and 80% treatment by 2030 worldwide through scaling-up screening strategies and prevention of HCV transmission For the budget-impact analysis, we included total medical costs in the first 5 years, costs of HCV treatment, screening costs and follow-up costs with possible HCV-related diseases.
    keywords: analysis; asymptomatic; budget; carriers; cases; child; chronic; cohorts; comparison; cost; current; daa; daas; different; disease; dutch; effectiveness; effects; hcv; hcv screening; health; hepatitis; icers; impact; individuals; infection; intervention; life; liver; migrants; model; monitor; monitoring; mother; netherlands; parameter; patients; positive; pregnancy; pregnant; pregnant women; prevalence; qaly; results; risk; scenario; screening; sensitivity; state; study; subsequent; threshold; time; total; transmission; treatment; versus; vertical; virus; women; years
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        item: #37 of 171
          id: cord-015372-76xvzvdg
      author: None
       title: National scientific medical meeting 1996 abstracts
        date: 1996
       words: 36628
      flesch: 50
     summary: Control patients were enrolled who had no clinical evidence of rheumatological disease, A salivary sample was collected and examined by light microscopy. Drug induced photosensitivity may look identical clinically, have a similar history and patients with CAD may be treated with potentially photosensitising drugs.
    keywords: 3rd; abbott; abdominal; abnormalities; acid; activity; acute; addition; adhesion; administration; admission; affected; age; aged; aim; alcohol; analysis; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; apoptosis; area; arm; artery; assay; assessment; associated; association; autosomal; average; b12; babies; behavioural; biopsy; blood; bmd; board; bone; breast; bupivacaine; cad; calcium; cancer; carcinoma; cardiac; cardiovascular; care; cases; cause; cd30; cdad; cells; central; centre; changes; children; chronic; class; clinical; cns; cognitive; combination; common; community; comparison; compliance; complications; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; consecutive; consecutive patients; controls; cord; correct; correlation; cost; criteria; crying; culture; current; cytokine; daily; damage; data; day; days; death; deficiency; degree; department; dependent; detection; development; diagnosis; diclofenac; diet; dietary; difference; discharge; disease; disorder; dna; doctors; dose; drug; dublin; duration; dysphagia; early; ebv; effect; egf; elderly; elderly patients; elevated; endothelial; evidence; examination; expected; experience; exposure; expression; factor; failure; families; family; features; females; findings; flap; flow; folic; following; formation; free; frequency; function; gender; gene; general; generation; greater; group; group b; growth; haemorrhage; hcv; headache; health; heart; hepatitis; high; higher; histology; history; hiv; hla; home; homocysteine; homozygous; hospital; hours; hsp; human; hypothesis; hysterectomy; icas; icu; iga; igaga; il-6; illness; immune; impaired; implicated; important; improvement; imx; incidence; increase; index; individuals; induction; infection; inflammatory; infusion; initial; intake; investigation; ireland; irish; isolates; ivf; journal; july; known; lack; large; lead; left; length; levels; limited; linkage; lipid; liver; loci; locus; long; loss; lower; lp(a; lps; lung; major; majority; males; management; mania; markers; mass; matched; mbw; mean; mean age; measurements; measures; median; medical; medication; methadone; method; microscopy; middle; mild; minimal; minutes; mmhg; mmse; months; mortality; movements; mrsa; multiple; muscle; necrosis; need; negative; negative patients; neurological; new; non; normal; number; nursing; objective; observed; old; onset; oral; outcome; overall; p53; p<0.001; p<0.05; pain; pathogenesis; patients; pattern; pcr; pelvic; people; performance; period; phase; photosensitivity; plasma; pneumoniae; poor; population; positioning; positive; positive patients; possible; post; postoperative; potential; pregnancy; prescribed; prescribing; prescriptions; presence; present; presenting; pressure; prevalence; previous; primary; problem; procedures; propofol; protein; psychiatric; psychosis; pts; pulmonary; purpose; questionnaire; range; rate; reaction; reactive; receiving; recent; reconstruction; recovery; reduced; reduction; report; research; resistance; respiratory; response; results; retrieval; retrospective; review; right; risk; role; samples; scale; schizophrenia; science; scores; screening; seasonal; second; sensitive; series; serum; service; severe; severity; significant; signs; similar; single; skin; small; smoking; social; species; specific; specimens; standard; status; stay; studies; study; subjects; subsequent; successful; supplement; support; surface; surgery; surgical; survival; symptoms; syndrome; system; systemic; taurine; technique; term; test; testing; thcy; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; tnf; tonsillectomy; total; tract; transplant; treatment; tumour; type; ulcers; ultrasound; underwent; units; untreated; uptake; urinary; use; uva; vaccine; value; variation; vascular; venous; viral; virus; vitamin; vocal; volume; weeks; weight; women; work; years; young
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        item: #38 of 171
          id: cord-015941-4fz79wzf
      author: Hu, Yuan
       title: Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening
        date: 2018-11-10
       words: 7210
      flesch: 47
     summary: Detection of early HBV infection of blood donors is still a major problem of blood transfusion. Section two: Specific virus families Evaluation of a prototype Trypanosoma cruzi antibody assay with recombinant antigens on a fully automated chemiluminescence analyzer for blood donor screening Transfusion-transmitted malaria in countries where malaria is endemic: a review of the literature from sub-Saharan Africa Detection and species identification of malaria parasites by isothermal tHDA amplification directly from human blood without sample preparation 18 years of research and surveillance Prions: beyond a single protein Crerutzfeldt-Jakob disease and blood transfusion: updated results of the UK transfusion medicine epidemiology review study Detection of prion infection in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a blood-based assay Preclinical detection of variant CJD and BSE prions in blood Quantitative assessment of prion infectivity in tissues and body fluids by real-time quaking-induced conversion Analytical and clinical performance of the CDC real time RT-PCR assay for detection and typing of dengue virus Threat of dengue to blood safety in dengueendemic countries Comparison of a commercial IgM capture ELISA with dengue antigen focus reduction microneutralization test and the centers for disease control dengue IgM capture-ELISA PCR detection of nearly any dengue virus strain using a highly sensitive primer cocktail Do babesiosis and malaria share a common disease process? Babesia: a world emerging Babesia infection through blood transfusions: reports received by the US Food and Drug Administration Transfusion-transmitted Babesia spp.:
    keywords: acid; agents; amplification; amplifying; antibodies; antibody; antigens; assay; available; babesia; babesiosis; blood; cases; cause; cell; chagas; chronic; clinical; cmv; commercial; confirmatory; cruzi; current; dengue; detection; diagnosis; disease; dna; donors; early; elisa; field; genetic; hbsag; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv; htlv; human; important; infected; infection; liver; malaria; methods; microarray; molecular; nat; need; negative; new; non; nucleic; patients; pcr; people; period; polymerase; positive; potential; products; quantitative; reaction; real; recent; risk; rna; safety; sars; screening; sensitive; sensitivity; sequence; serologic; serum; specific; states; supply; techniques; technologies; technology; testing; tests; time; transfusion; transmission; ttv; united; viral; virus; viruses; weeks; window; wnv; years
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        item: #39 of 171
          id: cord-016343-wc3i54fc
      author: Frese, Michael
       title: Interferon-Induced Effector Proteins and Hepatitis C Virus Replication
        date: 2008
       words: 10118
      flesch: 31
     summary: 1b infection Interferon action: RNA cleavage pattern of a (2 -5 )oligoadenylate-dependent endonuclease Regulation of interferon regulatory factor-3 by the hepatitis C virus serine protease Human MxA protein inhibits tick-borne Thogoto virus but not Dhori virus Interferon-alpha inhibits hepatitis C virus subgenomic RNA replication by an MxA-independent pathway Interferon-gamma inhibits replication of subgenomic and genomic hepatitis C virus RNAs Hepatitis C virus RNA replication is resistant to tumour necrosis factor-alpha Kissing-loop interaction in the 3 end of the hepatitis C virus genome essential for RNA replication Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection Control of PKR protein kinase by hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein: molecular mechanisms of kinase regulation Impact of protein kinase PKR in cell biology: from antiviral to antiproliferative action Human RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 transcripts possess alternative exon 1 structures that initiate from different promoters, one constitutively active and the other interferon inducible Cell growth regulatory and antiviral effects of the P69 isozyme of 2-5 (A) synthetase TRAF family proteins link PKR with NF-kappa B activation Evaluation of IFN-alpha bioavailability by MxA mRNA in HCV patients involvement of both nitric oxide and oxygen radicals Nitric oxide inhibits the replication cycle of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Hepatitis C virus subgenomic replicons in the human embryonic kidney 293 cell line Essential role for the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR in innate immunity to viral infection Novel insights into hepatitis C virus replication and persistence Clonal expansion of hypermutated measles virus in an SSPE brain DNA microarray analysis of chimpanzee liver during acute resolving hepatitis C virus infection Secondary structure determination of the conserved 98-base sequence at the 3 terminus of hepatitis C virus genome RNA Efficient initiation of HCV RNA replication in cell culture Role of IFN-induced indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the replication of human cytomegalovirus in retinal pigment epithelial cells The nonstructural 5A protein of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b does not contain an interferon sensitivitydetermining region Interferons and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: role in antimicrobial and antitumor effects
    keywords: activation; activities; activity; adar1; adenosine; alpha; amino; antiviral; bartenschlager; base; bind; binding; block; c virus; cells; cellular; chronic; constitutively; control; culture; cytokines; deaminase; defense; dependent; different; dna; double; editing; effector; et al; evidence; example; experiments; expression; factor; family; frese; frese et; functional; gamma; gene; genome; genotype; hcv; hcv replication; hcv rna; hepatitis; hepatocytes; host; human; ifn; ifns; iii; immune; induced; inducible; infected; infection; inhibition; inhibits; innate; interesting; interferon; isdr; kinase; large; levels; like; line; liver; mice; mouse; mrna; mutations; mxa; nitric; nos2; ns5a; nuclear; numerous; oas; oxide; p150; pathways; patients; pkr; position; presence; production; protein; receptor; recombinant; region; replication; replicons; resistance; response; results; ribavirin; rna; rna replication; rnas; role; samuel; sequence; signaling; similar; single; small; specific; studies; subgenomic; sustained; synthetase; system; therapies; therapy; transcription; translation; treatment; type; virus; virus replication; viruses; workers; −/−
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        item: #40 of 171
          id: cord-017506-t86v3zw3
      author: Knox, Tamsin A.
       title: Alcohol, HIV/AIDS, and Liver Disease
        date: 2012-04-27
       words: 7651
      flesch: 27
     summary: Alcohol use, in moderate or hazardous amounts, has been associated with increased acquisition of HIV infection, progression of HIV infection, deleterious effects on HIV treatment, and acceleration in the comorbidities of HIV infection [4–9]. Alcohol use, in moderate or hazardous amounts, has been associated with increased acquisition of HIV infection, progression of HIV infection, deleterious effects on HIV treatment, and acceleration in the comorbidities of HIV infection [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] .
    keywords: abuse; adherence; aids; alcohol; alcohol use; analysis; antiretroviral; art; associated; association; behaviors; binge; brief; brosis; cardiovascular; care; cd4; cells; chronic; ciency; cohort; community; consumption; days; disease; drinkers; drinking; drug; effects; evidence; factors; function; general; hazardous; hcv; health; heavy; hepatitis; higher; hiv; hiv infection; human; immune; immunode; impact; incidence; individuals; infected; infection; intake; interventions; liver; lower; medication; men; meta; moderate; mortality; outcomes; patients; persons; population; positive; prevalence; prevention; progression; pulmonary; randomized; rates; related; relationship; replication; results; review; risk; role; sexual; siv; studies; study; survival; system; therapy; transmission; treatment; trial; use; users; veterans; virus; women; years
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        item: #41 of 171
          id: cord-017764-h1w9gbxk
      author: Meanwell, Nicholas A.
       title: The Discovery and Development of Daclatasvir: An Inhibitor of the Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Replication Complex
        date: 2018-06-08
       words: 9282
      flesch: 31
     summary: Hepatitis C viruses NS5A -from obscurity to new target for HCV therapy Targeting the NS5A protein of HCV: an emerging option Small molecule inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus-encoded NS5A protein NS5A: a new target for antiviral drugs in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection HCV NS5A replication complex inhibitors Modeling shows that the NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir has two modes of action and yields a shorter estimate of the hepatitis C virus half-life Kinetic analyses reveal potent and early blockade of hepatitis C virus assembly by NS5A inhibitors Multiple ascending dose study of BMS-790052, a nonstructural protein 5A replication complex inhibitor, in patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 Interaction between hepatitis C virus and host cell factors HCVpro: hepatitis C virus protein interaction database Understanding the biological context of NS5A-host interactions in HCV infection: a network-based approach Affinity capture and identification of host cell factors associated with hepatitis C virus (+) strand subgenomic RNA The Discovery and Development of Daclatasvir: An Inhibitor of the Identification and comparative analysis of hepatitis C virus-host cell protein interactions Host cell kinases and the hepatitis C virus lifecycle Potent hepatitis C inhibitors bind directly to NS5A and reduce its affinity for RNA Direct binding of ledipasvir to HCV NS5A: mechanism of resistance to an HCV antiviral agent Resensitizing daclatasvir-resistance hepatitis C variants by allosteric modulation of NS5A Synergistic activity of combined NS5A inhibitors Asymmetric binding to NS5A by daclatasvir (BMS-790052) and analogs suggests two novel modes of HCV inhibition Resistance patterns associated with HCV NS5A inhibitors provide limited insight into drug binding A refined model of the HCV NS5A protein bound to daclatasvir explains drug-resistant mutations and activity against divergent genotypes A comprehensive computational analysis for the binding modes of hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitors: the question of symmetry Overall structural model of NS5A protein from hepatitis C virus and modulation by mutations conferring resistance of virus replication to cyclosporin A Mechanisms of hepatitis C viral resistance to direct acting antivirals From structure to function: new insights into hepatitis C virus RNA replication Inhibition and avoidance of mRNA degradation by RNA viruses Attacked from all sides: RNA decay in antiviral defense Small molecules targeting hepatitis C virus-encoded NS5A cause subcellular redistribution of their target: insights into compound modes of action The effect of NS5A inhibitors on NS5A phosphorylation, polyprotein processing and localization Daclatasvir-like inhibitors of NS5A block early biogenesis of hepatitis C virus-induced membranous replication factories, independent of RNA replication Daclatasvir prevents hepatitis C virus infectivity by blocking transfer of the viral genome to assembly sites The hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor (BMS-790052) alters the subcellular localization of the NS5A non-structural viral protein Cyclophilin and NS5A inhibitors, but not other anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) agents, preclude HCV-mediated formation of double-membrane-vesicle viral factories Practical and efficient strategy for evaluating oral absolute bioavailability with an intravenous microdose of a stable isotopically-labeled drug using a selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry assay Daclatasvir: a review of its use in adult patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection Daclatasvir: a review of preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetics Daclatasvir: a review in chronic hepatitis C Contribution of a mutational bias in hepatitis C virus replication to the genetic barrier in the development of drug resistance Antiviral resistance and the future landscape of hepatitis C virus infection therapy Importance of HCV genotype 1 subtypes for drug resistance and response to therapy Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of variants resistant to hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A replication complex inhibitor BMS-790052 in humans: in vitro and in vivo correlations Hepatitis C virus RNA elimination and development of resistance in replicon cells treated with BMS-790052 Hepatitis C viral dynamics in vivo and the antiviral efficacy of interferon-α therapy New kinetic models for the hepatitis C virus Modeling HCV kinetics under therapy using PK and PD information Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection with interferon and small molecule direct antivirals: viral kinetics and modeling Quantifying the diversification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) during primary infection: estimates of the in vivo mutation rate The Discovery and Development of Daclatasvir: An Inhibitor of the Mathematical modeling of HCV infection: what can it teach us in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents? The efficacy and safety of dual oral therapy with daclatasvir and asunaprevir for genotype 1b in Japanese real-life settings The practical management of chronic hepatitis C infection in Japan -dual therapy of daclatasvir + asunaprevir The Discovery and Development of Daclatasvir: An Inhibitor of the Daclatasvir for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection Efficacy and safety of daclatasvir in hepatitis C: an overview Discovery and preclinical characterization of the cyclopropylindolobenzazepine BMS-791325, a potent allosteric inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase UNITY-1 Study Group (2013) Fixed-dose combination therapy with daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and beclabuvir for noncirrhotic patients with HCV genotype 1 infection Daclatasvir in combination with asunaprevir and beclabuvir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection with compensated cirrhosis A randomized trial of daclatasvir in combination with asunaprevir and beclabuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection Daclatasvir/asunaprevir/ beclabuvir fixed-dose combination in Japanese patients with HCV genotype 1 infection Daclatasvir/asunaprevir/beclabuvir, all-oral, fixed-dose combination for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 Beclabuvir in combination with asunaprevir and daclatasvir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis Daclatasvir with sofosbuvir and ribavirin for hepatitis C virus infection with advanced cirrhosis or post-liver transplantation recurrence Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for HCV in patients coinfected with HIV-1 All-oral 12-week treatment with daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection: ALLY-3 phase III study Daclatasvir plus sofobuvir, with and without ribavirin, achieved high sustained virological response rates in patients with HCV infection and advanced liver disease in a real-world cohort Long-term follow-up of clinical trial patients treated for chronic HCV infection with daclatasvir-based regimens Current therapy for chronic hepatitis C: the role of direct-acting antivirals Short-duration treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus with daclatasvir, asunaprevir, beclabuvir and sofosbuvir (FOURward study)
    keywords: acid; activity; agents; amino; analysis; antiviral; approval; assay; assembly; asunaprevir; beclabuvir; binding; c virus; c-5; cell; changes; chemotype; chronic; clinical; combination; complex; compounds; concentration; daclatasvir; data; degradation; derivative; development; dimeric; discovery; domain; dose; dosing; drug; effects; efficacy; element; experienced; experiment; exposure; fold; function; genotype; gt-1a; hcv; hcv genotype; hcv ns5a; hepatitis c; high; host; infection; inhibition; inhibitors; interferon; japanese; levels; mean; modeling; moiety; molecule; mutations; nonstructural; ns5a; ns5a inhibitors; ns5a protein; ns5a replication; observation; oral; patients; pharmacophore; phase; plasma; potency; potent; potential; profile; proline; protease; protein; rates; replication; replicon; resistance; response; ribavirin; ring; rna; sars; small; structural; studies; study; subjects; svr; table; target; therapy; treatment; trial; values; viral; virus; virus genotype; virus infection; virus ns5a; virus replication; weeks
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        item: #42 of 171
          id: cord-017948-fqhl1qb4
      author: Hu, Yuan
       title: Molecular Techniques for Blood and Blood Product Screening
        date: 2012-04-05
       words: 7305
      flesch: 51
     summary: Diagnosis depends upon fi nding parasites on blood fi lm examination which can be detected 2-4 weeks after a tick bite. Detection of early HBV infection of blood donors is still a major problem of blood transfusion.
    keywords: acid; agents; ampli; antibodies; antibody; antigens; assay; available; babesia; babesiosis; blood; cases; cation; cause; chagas; chronic; clinical; cmv; con; current; dengue; detection; diagnosis; disease; dna; donors; early; eld; fda; hbsag; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv; htlv; human; hybridization; identi; important; infected; infection; liver; malaria; methods; molecular; nat; need; negative; new; nucleic; patients; pcr; people; period; positive; products; quantitative; reaction; real; recent; regulatory; requirements; risk; rmatory; rna; safety; sars; screening; sensitive; sensitivity; sequence; serologic; speci; states; supply; techniques; technology; testing; tests; time; transfusion; transmission; ttv; united; vcjd; viral; virus; viruses; window; wnv; world; years
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        item: #43 of 171
          id: cord-018220-8m11ig06
      author: Duncan, Coley B.
       title: Viral Infections
        date: 2009-02-02
       words: 6487
      flesch: 41
     summary: Current Opinions in Pediatrics Performance of six influenza rapid tests in detecting human influenza in clinical specimens Antiviral therapy and outcomes of influenza requiring hospitalization in Ontario, Canada Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly Antivirals and the control of influenza outbreaks Effects of influenza vaccination of health-care workers on mortality of elderly people in long-term care: a randomised controlled trial Respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly and high-risk adults Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden Contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus to community cases of influenza-like illness: an observational study Respiratory syncytial virus is an important cause of community-acquired lower respiratory infection among hospitalized adults Lack of sensitivity of rapid antigen tests for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Ribavirin therapy of adult respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis High-dose, shortduration ribavirin aerosol therapy compared with standard ribavirin therapy in children with suspected respiratory syncytial virus infection Parainfluenza viruses Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Parainfluenza virus infection among adults hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection Parainfluenza infections in the elderly 1976-82 Influenza-like illness in residential care homes: A study of the incidence, aetiological agents, natural history, and health resource utilization A newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease Human metapneumovirus . Influenza viruses are enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that are classified as A, B, or C, based on stable internal proteins (3) .
    keywords: acute; adults; age; aged; antiviral; care; cases; cause; children; chronic; cirrhosis; clinical; common; community; conditions; coronavirus; death; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; elderly; facilities; fever; gastroenteritis; hbv; hcv; healthy; hepatitis; herpes; high; hmpv; homes; hospitalization; human; illness; incidence; infected; infection; influenza; long; lower; mortality; nursing; older; outbreaks; parainfluenza; patients; pcr; people; persons; piv; pneumonia; population; prospective; rapid; rates; residents; respiratory; rhinovirus; risk; rna; rotavirus; rsv; severe; states; studies; study; symptoms; syncytial; term; therapy; tract; treatment; united; vaccination; vaccine; viral; virus; viruses; winter; years; young; zoster
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        item: #44 of 171
          id: cord-018785-tcr5xlf8
      author: Nambiar, Puja
       title: Infection in Kidney Transplantation
        date: 2018-06-27
       words: 9374
      flesch: 29
     summary: A long national experience HIV-positive-to-HIV-positive kidney transplantation-results at 3-5 years Prevention and management of cytomegalovirus infection in solid-organ transplantation Prognosis of HTLV-I-positive renal transplant recipients Pre-emptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viraemia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Infections in solid-organ transplant patients Valganciclovir solid organ transplant study group: efficacy and safety of valganciclovir vs. oral ganciclovir for prevention of cyto-megalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Fatal disseminated adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients Polyoma nephropathy and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a renal transplant recipient CMV infection is associated with transplant renal artery stenosis Incisional surgical site infection in kidney transplantation BK virus in transplant recipients: an overview and update Transmission of human herpesvirus 8 infection from renal-transplant donors to recipients Impact of early cytomegalovirus infection and disease on longterm recipient and kidney graft survival RESITRA Network of the Spanish Study Group of Infection in Transplantation (2008) Impact of current transplantation management on the development of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation Successful Treatment of Hepatitis C in Renal Transplant Recipients With Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents PHS guideline for reducing human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus transmission through organ transplantation Prevalence of HIV-associated nephropathy in autopsies of HIV-infected patients Human herpesvirus-6 in transplantation: an emerging pathogen Rates of first infection following kidney transplant in the United States Up to date Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Sirolimus for Kaposi's sarcoma in renal transplant recipients Outcomes of kidney transplantation in HIV-infected recipients Preemptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viremia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Viral infections affecting the skin in organ transplant recipients: epidemiology and current management strategies Long-term results in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-positive renal transplant recipients Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation The association of viral infection and chronic allograft nephropathy with graft dysfunction after renal transplantation Polyomavirus in kidney and kidney-pancreas transplant recipients Epidemiology of kidney disease in the unites states. CMV resistance to ganciclovir has been noted in renal transplant recipients due to mutations in UL 97, the gene responsible for the first phosphorylation step in ganciclovir activation and UL 54, the gene responsible for DNA polymerase (Limaye et al. 2000) .
    keywords: active; acute; agents; allograft; antibody; antiviral; bacterial; bkv; blood; blumberg; brennan; candidates; cases; cause; cell; chronic; clinical; cmv; cmv disease; common; community; complications; cytomegalovirus; diabetes; diagnosis; disease; donor; dose; drug; early; ebv; et al; factors; following; ganciclovir; green; guidelines; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; herpesvirus; hhv; high; hiv; hsv; human; immune; immunosuppression; important; improved; incidence; infection; influenza; interactions; intravenous; karuthu; kdigo; kidney; latent; liver; lower; management; months; mortality; nat; nephropathy; nosocomial; options; oral; organ; organ transplant; organisms; outcomes; patel; pathogens; patients; paya; pneumonia; population; positive; posttransplant; preemptive; pretransplant; primary; prior; prophylaxis; ptld; reactivation; recipients; reduction; rejection; renal; renal transplant; resistant; risk; screening; solid; states; sulfamethoxazole; survival; testing; therapy; time; tract; transmission; transplant; transplant patients; transplant recipients; transplantation; treatment; trimethoprim; urinary; use; vaccination; vaccine; valganciclovir; viral; virus; viruses; vzv; weeks; weikert; wound; years
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        item: #45 of 171
          id: cord-020010-q58x6xb0
      author: None
       title: 19th ICAR Abstracts:
        date: 2006-03-13
       words: 46881
      flesch: 40
     summary: Although anti-inflammatory agents are not very active in vitro, it is thought that they might be efficacious in reducing any deleterious inflammatory response associated with virus infections such as SARS infections in humans. Although only BTCRB and BDCRB were inhibitors of the ATPase activity, two other compounds, dBDCRB and Cl4RB, inhibited virus replication in a plaque-reduction assay, thus indicating that those have a different mode of action.
    keywords: ability; absence; academy; acid; acknowledgement; action; active; activities; activity; acyclic; acyclovir; addition; administration; adsorption; agents; ai-15435; aids; alpha; amantadine; amino; analogs; analogues; analysis; animals; antibody; antiviral activity; antiviral agents; antiviral compounds; antiviral drugs; antiviral effect; antiviral research; antiviral therapy; antivirals; approach; approved; assay; associated; attractive; available; avian; azt; baculovirus; bases; belgium; beta; better; binding; bioavailability; biological; block; blood; borano; brain; branch; broad; bulgaria; c virus; cada; canada; capravirine; carbocyclic; castanospermine; cause; cbv; cc50; cccdna; ccr5; cd4; cdv; celgosivir; cells; center; central; chain; challenge; changes; chemical; chemistry; chiba; chronic; cidofovir; class; cleavage; clinical; cns; college; combination; compounds; concentrations; conclusion; containing; contract; control; correlation; cowpox; coxsackievirus; cpe; culture; current; cycle; cyclosal; cytomegalovirus; cytopathic; cytotoxicity; daily; dap; data; days; decrease; delivery; department; dependent; derivatives; design; determined; development; different; direct; discovery; disease; disoxaril; dna; dose; double; dpi; drug; early; ebola; ec50; effect; effective; efficacy; efficient; efforts; entry; enzymatic; enzyme; essential; esters; etvr; evaluation; evidence; experiments; exposure; expression; f13l; factor; family; fever; fever virus; fluorescent; fold; formation; forms; formulations; fractal; fragments; function; fusion; gene; generation; genome; genotype; germany; good; gp41; grant; greater; groups; growth; gs9148; gsh; h1n1; h5n1; half; hamburg; hamsters; hbv; hcmv; hcv; hcv rna; hdp; hdp-(s)-hpmpa; health; hela; hepatitis; herpes; herpesviruses; high; higher; hiv; hiv activity; hiv infection; hiv replication; hiv-1; host; hpv31; hsv; human; i.p; ifn; iii; immune; important; improved; increase; index; infected; infected cells; infection; influence; influenza; influenza activity; influenza infection; influenza virus; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; inoculated; inoculation; institute; integrase; interaction; interest; interferon; intracellular; intranasal; investigation; isis; isolated; italy; japan; jev; key; kidney; kinase; known; korea; laboratory; large; lassa; later; lead; lesions; lethal; leuven; levels; life; like; limited; lines; liver; long; loss; low; lower; lung; macrophages; major; manner; mdck; mean; mechanism; medical; medicine; membrane; methods; mice; microbicide; microbiology; minigenome; model; modifications; moiety; molecular; molecule; mortality; mouse; mrna; mt-2; multiple; mutants; mutations; national; natural; need; new; new antiviral; niaid; nih; no1; non; normal; novel; ns5b; ntp; nucleoside; number; objective; observed; oligonucleotide; optimal; oral; order; orthopoxvirus; oseltamivir; parameters; parent; particular; patients; pbmcs; pcr; peptide; peramivir; permeability; pfu; phenyl; phosphonates; phosphorothioate; phosphorylation; pkr; placebo; plaque; plasmid; pmos; poliovirus; polymerase; poor; position; positive; possible; post; potency; potent; potential; potential antiviral; preliminary; prepared; presence; present; previous; primary; prk2; process; prodrugs; products; program; promising; properties; protease; protection; protein; purified; purine; qsar; quantitative; range; rapid; real; recent; receptor; recombinant; reduced; reduction; rega; region; related; relationship; relative; removal; replication; replicon; report; reproduction; rescue; research; residues; resistant; resistant virus; respiratory; response; results; reverse; ribavirin; ring; risk; rna; rna replication; robert; role; rsv; russia; samples; sars; school; sciences; screening; second; selection; selective; selectivity; sensitive; sensitivity; seoul; sequence; series; set; severe; shrna; significant; similar; simplex; single; sirnas; site; size; small; smallpox; sofia; species; specific; specific antiviral; spectrum; spread; st-246; stability; stable; state; step; strain; strategy; strong; structure; studies; study; subsequent; substitutions; suitable; survival; susceptibility; synergistic; synthesis; synthetic; system; t20; t215y; target; targeting; technology; tested; tfv; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; thymidine; time; tissue; titers; tools; transcriptase; transcription; transmission; treatment; type; ul97; unique; university; untreated; uptake; usa; useful; vaccine; vaccinia; vaccinia virus; values; variants; varicella; variety; vector; vero; vidarabine; viral dna; virions; virip; virology; virus; virus activity; virus infection; virus replication; virus titers; viruses; vitro; vivo; vzv; weeks; weight; wide; wild; wnv; work; yang; zoster
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        item: #46 of 171
          id: cord-022380-49oti4zg
      author: Panlilio, Adelisa L
       title: Occupational Infectious Diseases
        date: 2009-05-15
       words: 15593
      flesch: 39
     summary: To the extent that unsafe practices have been defined, and practice policies modified to reduce infection risk, continued transmission often represents failure to follow accepted standards. Recognition of the types of infection risk associated with specific occupations can, in most cases, lead to effective, often simple steps for primary prevention, as well as opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment.
    keywords: acip; active; acute; adolescents; adults; advisory; age; agents; air; animal; antibody; antiviral; areas; asymptomatic; available; bacterial; blood; cases; cause; centers; children; chronic; clinical; cmv; committee; common; complications; contact; contaminated; control; cough; data; daycare; days; development; diagnosis; direct; disease; dose; drug; early; effective; employees; environments; epidemiology; essential; exposed; exposure; facilities; fever; fluids; groups; hand; handlers; hbig; hbsag; hbv; hcv; healthcare; healthcare personnel; healthy; hepatitis; high; history; hiv; hiv infection; hygiene; illness; illnesses; immune; immunity; immunization; important; incidence; individuals; infants; infected; infection; infection control; influenza; laboratory; large; levels; likely; limited; liver; longer; low; management; measles; months; mumps; non; occupational; older; onset; outbreaks; pathogens; patients; period; personnel; persons; pertussis; pneumonia; positive; possible; practices; precautions; present; prevention; primary; prior; prophylaxis; protection; public; rapid; rash; recommendations; reported; respiratory; response; results; risk; route; rubella; samples; screening; second; secretions; series; serologic; settings; severe; signs; single; skin; source; specific; spread; states; surveillance; susceptible; symptoms; syndromes; table; testing; tests; therapy; time; transmission; treatment; tuberculosis; united; use; vaccination; vaccine; varicella; viral; virus; washing; weeks; women; workers; workplace; years; young; zoster
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        item: #47 of 171
          id: cord-022888-dnsdg04n
      author: None
       title: Poster Sessions
        date: 2009-08-19
       words: 189173
      flesch: 41
     summary: Our aim is to describe how B cell lymphoma cells respond to TGF-b compared to normal peripheral B cells, to create an overview of the different signaling pathways involved, and to characterize the mechanisms behind the loss of sensitivity to TGF-b. Methods: Proliferation assays were performed on 11 different B-cell lymphoma cell lines and normal peripheral B cells to screen for TGF-b-induced effects. Using a CD3 and CD28 activation model system -TLR4 presence on CD4+ cells is found in mouse T cells, human T cells and Jurkat cell lines.
    keywords: + +; + /+; + cells; 1,2; a*0201; a549 cells; ab t; ability; able; absence; absent; accessibility; accumulation; acid; actin; activated; active; activities; activity; acute; ad5; adaptive; adaptive immune; adaptor; addition; adenoviral; adhesion; adipocytes; adjuvant; administration; adp; adult; affect; affected; affinity; afp; agents; aggrecan; agonist; aim; aims; airway; akt; allele; allergens; allergic; alpha; alterations; altered; alternative; amino; amounts; analyse; analysis; anergy; animals; antagonist; antibodies; antibody; antibody response; antigen; antigen expression; antigen presentation; antigen receptor; antigen specific; antigenic; antiviral; apc; apcs; apoptosis; apoptotic cells; approach; appropriate; area; arthritis; asc; aspects; assay; associated; association; asthma; atherosclerosis; atp; attenuated; aureus; autoantibodies; autoantibody; autoimmune; autoimmunity; autologous; autophagy; autoreactive; available; avidity; b cells; b lymphocytes; b t; b-1 cells; b27; background; bacterial; baff; balb; basal; baseline; basis; basophils; bcg; bcl-2; bcr; berlin; beta; better; binding; biochemical; biological; biology; biopsies; blocking; blood; blood cells; blot; blotting; bone; boost; bowel; brain; breast; broad; burst; c mice; c57bl/6; caga; calcineurin; calcium; cancer cells; candidate; capable; capacity; carabin; carkl; cascade; cases; caspase; caspase-1; catalytic; cause; cbl; cd11b; cd14; cd152; cd16; cd19; cd1a; cd1d; cd25; cd28; cd3; cd36; cd4; cd40; cd45; cd5; cd56; cd69; cd8 +; cd8 cells; cd8 t; cd80; cd86; cd8a; cell activation; cell activity; cell antigen; cell biology; cell compartment; cell contact; cell culture; cell cycle; cell cytokine; cell cytotoxicity; cell death; cell degranulation; cell depletion; cell development; cell differentiation; cell epitopes; cell expansion; cell function; cell growth; cell help; cell homeostasis; cell hybridomas; cell immunity; cell influx; cell interaction; cell level; cell lines; cell lymphoma; cell lysates; cell maturation; cell membrane; cell number; cell phenotype; cell population; cell priming; cell production; cell proliferation; cell receptor; cell recognition; cell recruitment; cell repertoire; cell responses; cell signaling; cell sorting; cell stimulation; cell subsets; cell supernatant; cell surface; cell survival; cell tolerance; cell transfer; cell transplantation; cell types; cells cells; cells co; cells incubation; cells present; cells specific; cellular immune; center; central; certain; cfse; cgd; chain; challenge; changes; channels; characteristics; characterization; characterized; chemokines; chemotaxis; children; chimeric; chip; chitosan; cholesterol; chop10; chromatin; chromosome; chronic; cht; class; classical; clearance; cleavage; clinical; clones; close; cmv; cns; coated; cohort; colitis; collagen; colon; combination; combined; common; comparable; comparison; complement; complete; complex; complexes; components; composition; compounds; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; confocal; conjugate; consequences; conserved; consistent; constitutively; contact; context; contrary; contrast; contribute; contribution; control; control cells; control mice; controlling; conventional t; cord; coro1a; coronin-1; correlated; correlation; corresponding; course; cpg; criteria; critical; crohn; cross; crosstalk; crp; crt; crtam; crucial; csf; csk; ct26; ctl; ctla-4; ctls; cultured; current; cutaneous; cytokine; cytokine expression; cytokine levels; cytokine production; cytokine response; cytometry; cytoplasmic; cytoskeleton; cytosolic; cytotoxic t; damage; dasatinib; data; day; days; dcs; decreased; defective; defects; defense; deficiency; deficient cells; deficient mice; degradation; degree; delivery; delta t; dendritic cells; density; department; dependent; dependent cell; depleted; depletion; design; detail; detailed; detectable; detection; determination; determined; developmental; diabetes; diagnosis; differences; different; different cell; differential; differentiated; diminished; direct; disease; disorders; display; distinct; distribution; diverse; division; dna; domain; dominant; donors; dose; double; downregulation; downstream; draining; drb1; drugs; dsrna; dss; dynamics; early; early t; ebpb; ebv; effective; effector cells; effector t; effects; efficacy; efficient; efhd2; elements; elevated; elimination; elisa; elispot; embryonic; encoding; endosomal; endothelial; engagement; enhanced; enhancement; enhancing; enrichment; enzyme; eosinophils; epidermal; epidermis; epithelial cells; epithelium; eraap; erap1; erk1/2; erp57; erythematosus; escape; essential; ev71; evaluated; evaluation; events; evidence; example; exhibit; exogenous; exon; exosomes; expansion; experiments; exposed; exposure; expressed; expression; expression levels; expression system; extended; extent; extract; facs; factor; factor t; failure; family; far; fasl; fcgriib; features; feeding; female; ferritin; fetal; fibroblasts; fibrosis; findings; flow; fluorescence; foam cells; fold; following; formation; foxp3; fraction; fragment; free; frequencies; frequency; frequent; function; fusion; future; fviii; g t; galcer; gamma; gammadelta t; gastrointestinal; gcs; gd cells; gd t; gdcd8; gel; gene; gene expression; general; generation; genetic; genome; genomic; genotype; germany; gfp; glioma cells; glycoprotein; glycosylation; goal; good; gp120; grade; gram; grant; granules; granulocytes; granzyme; grb; greater; group; growth; gut; h5n1; ha-1; haart; hadv; half; hand; hcv; hdl; hdm; healing; healthy; heat; heavy; hek cells; helper cells; hematopoietic cells; heme; hepatitis; hi cells; high; high expression; high levels; high t; higher; highest; histamine; histological; history; hiv; hiv-1; hla; hla class; hmb; hmgb1; hospital; host; host immune; hours; hrs cells; hscs; hsp70; human b; human cd4; human cells; human peripheral; human t; humans; humoral; hybridomas; hypothesis; ibd; icam-1; icos; identification; iel; ifn; ifnar; ifnb; ifng; igg; igg1; igm; igsf4; ii t; il-10; il-12p40; il-1b expression; il-1ra; il-2; il-33; il-4; il-5; il-6; il-7; il-8; imaging; immature; immune activation; immune cells; immune regulation; immune response; immune system; immunity; immunization; immunized; immunocompetent cells; immunodeficiency; immunodominant; immunofluorescence; immunogenicity; immunoglobulin; immunological; immunology; immunomodulatory; immunoprecipitation; immunoproteasomes; immunosuppression; immunotherapy; impact; impaired; implications; important; important role; improved; inactivation; inactive; incidence; incorporation; increased; increasing; incubation; individuals; induced; induced cell; inducible; induction; infants; infected cells; infected mice; infection; infiltrates; infiltration; inflamed; inflammation; inflammatory; inflammatory cells; inflammatory cytokines; inflammatory immune; inflammatory response; influence; influenza; influx; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitory; inhibits; initial; initiation; injury; inkt; inkt cell; inkt17 cells; innate; innate immune; innate t; insights; institute; intact; intensity; interaction; interest; interesting; interference; interferon; interleukin; intermediate; internalization; intestinal; intracellular; intraepithelial; intranasal; introduction; invariant; investigation; involved; involvement; isoforms; isolated; isolation; isotype; italy; jab1; jam; jnk; jurkat cells; jurkat t; kda; keratinocytes; key; killer cells; killer t; killing; kinase; kinetics; kit; knock; knockdown; knockout; knowledge; ko mice; kupffer cells; laboratory; lack; lamina; langerhans cells; large; latent; later; lck; lcmv; leishmania; length; leprae; lesions; lethal; leukemia; leukemic cells; leukemic t; leukocytes; levels; ligand; ligation; light; like; likely; limited; lineage cells; lineages; link; lipid; listeria; little; liver; lmp2; lmp7; lnk; loaded; loading; local; localization; locus; long; loss; low cells; lower; lp(a; lpr; lps; lsec; lung; lupus; lymphoid cells; lymphoma; mab; mabs; macrophage cell; macrophages; mainly; maintenance; major; majority; malaria; male; malignant cells; manipulation; manner; mapk; marked; markers; marrow cells; mass; mast cells; matrix; maturation; mature; mature b; mature cells; mcl-1; mcmv; mcs; mdp; mdsc; mean; measles; measure; measurement; mechanisms; mediated; mediators; medical; medicine; medium; medullary; melanoma cells; members; membrane; memory b; memory cells; memory t; methods; mhc; mhc class; mhcii; mice; microarray; microbial; microcapsules; microenvironment; microglia; microscopy; migration; milk; minimal; minor; minutes; mirnas; mitochondrial; mixed; model; moderate; modified; modulation; molecular; molecules; monoclonal; monocytes; monocytic cells; monocytogenes; mononuclear cells; months; mortality; mothers; mouse; mouse t; mrna; mucosal; multiple; murine; murine t; mutant; mutations; mva; mycn; mycobacteria; myd88; myeloid cells; naive; naive t; nanoparticles; national; natural; naï; nck; ncs; necessary; necrosis; necrotic cells; need; nef; nef138; negative; neonatal; neopterin; nets; network; neuroblastoma cells; neuronal cells; neutralization; neutralizing; neutrophils; new; newborn; nfat; nfatc1; nfkb; nfxb; nitric; nk cell; nk t; nkg2d; nkt cells; nod mice; node t; nodes; normal; normal t; novel; ns3; nucleotide; null t; number; numerous; objectives; observation; observed; onset; opn; optimal; optimal t; order; organ; organization; origin; outcome; ova; ovalbumin; overall; overexpression; oxidative; oxide; p110; p14 t; p1c; p24; p38; p53; panel; parameters; parasite; parasitic; partial; participate; particles; particular; pathogenesis; pathogens; pathological; pathology; pathway; patients; pattern; pbmc; pcr; pd-1; pdc; peak; peptide; percentage; period; peripheral; peripheral blood; peritoneal; peritoneal cells; persistent; pge; pgp; phagocytes; phagocytosis; phase; phenomenon; phenotype; phosphatase; phosphorylation; physiological; pi3k; pivotal; pkc; place; placebo; plasma cells; play; plc; plus; pma; pneumoniae; point; polarization; polarized; pollen; poly(i; polyclonal; polymorphisms; pool; populations; position; positive cells; positive t; possibility; possible; post; potential; pparg; precursor; preliminary; prepared; presence; present study; presentation; presenting; pretreatment; prevents; previous; primary; primary cells; primary t; primed; priming; prior; process; processes; processing; producers; producing; production; products; profile; profound; progenitor cells; progenitors; program; progression; project; proliferative; prominent; promising; promoter; prone; properties; proportion; proteasome; protective; protein; protein expression; protein levels; protein production; proteolytic; protocol; provide; psoriasis; pta; ptx3; pulmonary; pulsed; purified; purpose; putative; pylori; quality; quantitative; quantity; question; rac1; range; rapid; rats; rbl-2h3 cells; reaction; reactive; real; rearrangements; recent; receptor expression; receptors; recipients; recognition; recombinant; recruitment; reduced; reg cells; region; regulated; regulation; regulators; regulatory cells; regulatory role; regulatory t; related; relationship; relative; release; relevance; relevant; remains; remission; repertoire; replication; reported; required; research; resident; resident cells; residues; resistance; respect; respiratory; responder; responsible; responsiveness; resting; restricted; results; reticulum; reverse; rhdv; rich; rise; risk; rma cells; rnai; robust; role; roquin; route; rsv; s1p; salivary; samples; samsn1; sarcoidosis; scanning; school; sciences; sclerosis; seasonal; second; secondary; secrete; secretion; secretory; selected; selection; selective; self; sensitive; sensitivity; separated; sepsis; sequence; sera; serum; severe; severity; sh3; shock; short; shrna; signaling; signals; significantly; similar; simultaneous; single cell; site; size; skin; slc; sle; sle patients; sly2; small; smurf2; snps; socs1; soluble; sortilin; sorting; source; spain; species; specific activation; specific antibodies; specific b; specific cd8; specific expression; specific immune; specific responses; specific role; specific t; spectrometry; spleen cells; splenic; splenocytes; splicing; spontaneous; src; ssc; stability; stable; stages; staining; standard; stat6; statistical; status; steady; stem cells; step; stimulated; stimulated cells; stimulation; stimulatory; stimuli; stimulus; strain; strategies; strategy; strength; stress; stromal cells; strong; structural; student t; studies; study; studying; subcellular; subcutaneous; subjects; subpopulations; subsequent; substantial; substrate; subtypes; subunit; successful; suffering; summary; supernatants; support; suppression; surface expression; surgery; surveillance; survival; survivin; susceptibility; susceptible; sustained; swap-70; swiprosin-1; switch; syk; symptoms; synapse; syndrome; synthesis; synthetic; system; systemic; t activation; t cells; t em; t h; t helper; t lineage; t lines; t lymphocytes; t reg; t test; tap1; tap2; tapasin; target cells; targeted; targeting; targets; tcr; tcrab; tcrgd; technique; technology; tecs; teff cells; terminal; terminus; terms; tested; tests; tgf; tgfb1; th1 cells; th17; th2; th2 cell; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; thymic; thymic cells; thymocytes; thymus; time; tissue; titers; tlr; tlr2; tlr3; tlr4; tlr7; tlr9; tlrs; tnc.1 cells; tnf; tnfa; tolerance; tolerogenic; toll; tool; total; trail; transcription; transcripts; transduction; transfer; transgenic; transgenic mice; transient; translocation; transmembrane; transport; treatment; tregs; trials; triggering; triggers; tuberculosis; tumor cells; tumors; tumour; turnover; type; type b; type mice; typical; tyrosine; u937 cells; ubiquitin; ulcerative; unclear; unconventional t; underlying; understanding; understood; uninfected; unique; united; university; unknown; untreated; upa; uptake; us3; useful; uty; vaccinated; vaccination; vaccine; vaccinia; vacv; values; variable; variants; variety; vascular; vector; vegf; venous cells; versus; vesicles; vg9vd2 t; vgamma9vdelta2 t; viral; virulent; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; vivo t; vlps; volunteers; weeks; wehi231 cells; weight; western; whitney; wide; wild; wildtype; wnt; work; years; zfp36l1
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        item: #48 of 171
          id: cord-023017-k6edtg58
      author: None
       title: AASLD Abstracts (pp. 282A–382A)
        date: 2006-02-10
       words: 65964
      flesch: 47
     summary: The aim of the present study was to investigate if the same inhibition takes place in livers cells of patients with chronic hepatitis C. From February 2001 to April 2002, all patients with chronic hepatitis C referred to the outpatient liver clinic of the University Hospital Basel were asked for their permission to use part of the liver biopsy for this study. Increased T cell activation with Eta may also suggest that TNFA suppress T cell function and may contribute to refractoriness to INF therapy in HCV patients.
    keywords: -no; aa patients; ability; absence; acid; actin; activated; activation; active; activity; acute; addition; adenosyl; adiponectin; administration; adulis; adult; adult liver; adverse; african; age; aim; aims; albumin; alcoholic; alfa-2a; alpha; alt; amino; aminotransferase; analysis; animals; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigen; antiviral; apoptosis; area; arm; ascites; assay; associated; association; available; average; background; baseline; bdl; beginning; beta; better; bile; biliary; bilirubin; binding; biochemical; biopsies; biopsy; bleeding; blood; blot; bm cells; bmcs; bmi; body; bone; c virus; calculated; canalicular; cancer; capacity; cases; cause; cc14; cd34; cd4; cd8; cdna; cell responses; cells; cellular; center; chain; changes; characteristics; chromosome; chronic; chronic hcv; chronic hepatitis; chronic liver; cifn; circulating; cirrhosis; cirrhotic; cirrhotic patients; clearance; clinical; clones; cmv; cohort; collagen; combination; combination therapy; common; comparison; complete; complexity; concentration; conclusions; conditions; consistent; content; continued; contrast; control; core; correlation; corresponding; count; course; crg; criteria; ctgf; culture; current; cyanoacrylate; cytokeratin; cytokines; cytometry; daily; damaged; data; date; days; dcs; death; decrease; degree; dendritic; dendritic cells; dependent; detectable; determined; development; diagnosis; diet; differences; different; differentiation; direct; disclosures; discontinuation; disease; distribution; dna; donor; dose; dosing; drug; ducts; duration; dysfunction; early; effect; effective; efficacy; element; elevated; elisa; elispot; end; endogenous; energy; enzyme; epithelial; es cells; esld; ethanol; events; evidence; experiments; expression; factors; failure; fatty; fed; female; fetal; fibroblasts; fibrogenesis; fibrosis; fibrotic; findings; flow; fluorescence; fold; following; form; france; free; frequency; function; fxr; gal; gamma; gel; gender; gene; gene expression; general; genome; genotype; gfp; good; grade; graft; greater; group; growth; haart; half; hcc; hcv; hcv core; hcv genotype; hcv infection; hcv patients; hcv proteins; hcv replication; hcv rna; hcv therapy; hcv viral; healthy; hemodynamic; hepatic; hepatic fibrosis; hepatitis; hepatitis patients; hepatoblasts; hepatocellular; hepatocytes; hepg2; higher; histological; histology; hiv; homa; hours; hrql; hrs; hsc; hscs; human; human liver; hypertension; hypothesis; ifn; ifn therapy; il-18; immune; immunohistochemistry; immunosuppression; impaired; important; improved; improvement; incidence; increased; index; individual; induced; induction; infected; infected patients; infection; inflammation; infusion; inhibitor; initial; initiation; injury; insulin; intake; interferon; intracellular; intrahepatic; introduction; involved; ir1; ishak; isis; isolated; israel; japan; key; kinase; kit; klf6; large; later; length; levels; lfa-1; ligands; like; likely; limit; lineage; linear; lines; lipid; little; liver; liver biopsies; liver biopsy; liver cells; liver disease; liver failure; liver fibrosis; liver injury; liver specific; liver transplantation; load; long; loss; lower; ltx; major; majority; male; marked; markers; marrow; mass; matrix; mdc; mean; mechanism; median; medical; medium; meld; membrane; metabolic; methionine; methods; mglkg; micalb; mice; microarray; microscopy; migration; mild; mitochondrial; model; moderate; molecular; mononuclear; mononuclear cells; monotherapy; months; mouse; mrna; mrp2; muscle; mutations; mxa; naive; napi; necrosis; negative; new; non; normal; northern; novel; ns3; ns5a; ntpdase2; number; o.ool; oatp8; olt; order; organ; outcome; oval; oval cells; overall; oxidative; p =; p<0.05; parameters; parenchymal; partial; pathogenesis; patients; pbmc; pcr; pdc; peak; peg; peginterferon; pegylated; peptide; period; peripheral; persistence; phase; phenotype; plasma; plasmacytoid; platelet; point; polymerase; pools; population; portal; positive; positive cells; positive patients; possible; post; potential; ppar; presence; present; pressure; prevalence; previous; primary; prior; probability; progression; proliferation; promoter; properties; prophylaxis; prospective; protease; protein; protein expression; protocol; quantitative; racial; randomized; range; rat liver; rate; rats; rbv; real; receptor; recipients; recombinant; recurrence; reduction; regeneration; regulated; regulation; rejection; relationships; relative; release; replication; replicon; report; resistance; resolved; respect; responders; response; responsible; results; reverse; ribavirin; rifampicin; risk; role; safety; samples; sarcoidosis; scores; screening; second; self; sequences; serum; serum hcv; severe; severity; sf-36; signal; signaling; significant; similar; single; site; situ; sla; small; smooth; social; socs-1; sp cells; specific; spleen; splenocytes; spontaneously; stage; staining; standard; steatosis; stellate; stellate cells; stem; stem cells; steroids; stimulated; stimulation; stress; strong; studies; study; subjects; support; suppository; surface; survival; sustained; svr; symptoms; system; t cells; taa; table; tacrolimus; targeting; test; tgf; therapeutic; therapy; thl; time; tips; tissue; titer; tolerability; total; transcription; transgenic; transplant patients; transplantation; transplanted; transport; treated; treatment; trial; ttg; ttr; tumor; undifferentiated; unit; university; untreated; uptake; urea; use; values; variability; varices; vein; viral; viral response; virological; virus; vitro; vivo; weekly; weeks; weight; western; wild; years
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        item: #49 of 171
          id: cord-023033-tgt69ir6
      author: None
       title: Poster Session (pp. 78A–178A)
        date: 2006-02-10
       words: 16164
      flesch: 41
     summary: Moreover, they support the hypothesis that experimental forcing of exogenous antigens into the MHC class I pathway and subsequent promotion of cross-priming is particularly important to generate T cell responses against noncytopathic and tissue tropic viruses such as HCV. For further characterization of T cell epitopes HCV specific T cell clones were generated from 6 patients against eight different HCV epitopes located within the NS3 (aa1027-1657, two epi-topes) and NS4alb (aa1658-1972, six epitopes) region.
    keywords: -gilead; -no; a20; actin; activation; activity; acute; administration; adv; aim; albumin; alpha; alt; analysis; animals; anr; anti; antigen; apoptosis; arterial; assay; associated; autoimmune; background; bdl; bile; biliary; blood; brain; cadaveric; caveolin; cd4; cd8; cdc42; cells; cellular; cholangiocytes; cholestatic; chronic; class; clearance; clinical; conclusions; contrast; control; core; ct-1; cultured; daily; damage; data; days; death; decrease; dendritic; dependent; desmin; detectable; development; different; disclosures; disease; dna; donor; dst; duct; effects; endothelial; epitopes; experiments; expression; factors; failure; fibrosis; flow; fold; following; form; foxmlb; function; gamma; genes; graft; group; growth; hbv; hcc; hcv; hepatic; hepatitis; hepatocytes; hla; host; hours; hsc; huh; human; ifn; immune; important; incidence; increased; individuals; induced; induction; infected; infection; inflammation; inhibition; injuries; injury; intrahepatic; investigator; ischemic; isolated; kupffer; lam; ldlt; levels; liver; loss; mab; map; mean; mechanisms; median; methods; mice; model; months; mrna; negative; nkt; non; normal; ns3; number; observed; olt; ova; patients; pca; pcna; pcr; porcine; portal; positive; post; preconditioning; presence; present; primary; prior; proliferation; protein; pvl; rats; receptors; recipients; recombinant; recurrence; relationships; reperfusion; replication; resection; resistance; responses; results; rfa; rho; rna; role; s1179denos; sciences; secretion; sections; sef; serum; sham; signaling; significant; similar; sma; specific; studies; study; survival; symptoms; system; t cells; taurocholate; therapy; time; tissue; tolerized; transplantation; transplanted; treatment; tumor; type; ulml; upregulation; vascular; viral; virus; vitro; vivo; vs.; weeks; years
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        item: #50 of 171
          id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1
      author: None
       title: MONDAY: POSTERS
        date: 2005-06-08
       words: 130150
      flesch: 50
     summary: The Polish Blood Transfusion Act of 22nd August 1997, in force since January 1st 1999, has been supplemented by 8 Decrees: 1. procedures for external BTS audits; 2. requirements for donor selection; 3. requirements and procedures for organization and safe management of blood transfusion in hospitals; 4. requirements for implementing of national and regional donor registers; 5. employment criteria for BTS personnel; 6. training requirements for hospital personnel involved in blood and blood product administration; 7. national, uniform price list for blood and blood products; 8. organization requirements for setting up of a National Committee for Blood and Blood Transfusion. Introduction: TRALI is a life threatening adverse reaction of blood transfusion.
    keywords: 0.001; abbott; abc; abo blood; absence; accepted; access; accreditation; accurate; acid; activation; activities; activity; actual; acute; additional; adequate; administration; adsorptions; adults; adverse; affected; affinity; aged; agglutination; aim; aims; albumin; alert; allele; alloantibodies; alloantibody; allogeneic blood; alloimmunization; alternative; amplification; analysed; analysis; analyze; anemia; anti; anti hcv; antibodies; antibody; antigens; antiglobulin; apheresis; application; applied; approach; appropriate; area; asked; assay; assessment; associated; association; assurance; atp; autoimmune; autologous blood; automated; automation; availability; available; average; b19; background; bacterial; bag; bags; base; baseline; basis; baxter; benefit; best; beta; better; binding; birth; bleeding; blood bag; blood banking; blood banks; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood conservation; blood consumption; blood derivatives; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood filtration; blood flow; blood group; blood grouping; blood inventory; blood loss; blood management; blood parameters; blood plasma; blood platelet; blood pressure; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood shortage; blood supply; blood system; blood testing; blood transfusion; blood units; blood use; blood volume; bone; bts; buffy; cancer; capacity; cardiac; cards; care; cases; categories; category; caucasian; cause; ccdee; cd34; cde; cell patients; cell transfusion; cellular; centers; central; centre; centrifugation; certain; cfu; chain; changes; characteristics; children; chronic; circulation; class; clinical; clinicians; close; cmv; coagulation; coat; cold; collaboration; collected; collections; column; combination; combined; commercial; common; comparison; compatible; compatible blood; complement; complete; complex; compliance; complications; concentrates; concentration; concerned; concerns; conclusion; conditions; confirmed; consequence; considerable; consideration; considered; consumption; contamination; content; continuous; contrast; control; control group; conventional; coombs; cord blood; core; corrective; correlation; cost; council; count; counting; countries; country; course; criteria; critical; croatia; cross; crossmatch; csf; culture; current; cytokines; cytometry; d type; d+ blood; daily; data; date; day; days; december; decision; decrease; deferrals; deferred; degree; delayed; delivery; department; depletion; design; detailed; detectable; detection; determination; determined; development; device; diagnosis; diamed; differences; different; different anti; different blood; difficult; direct; directive; disaster; discussion; disease; disorders; distribution; dna; doctors; donations; donor cells; dose; double; drugs; duration; e.g.; early; easy; ebds; education; effect; effective; effective blood; effectiveness; efficacy; efficient; efforts; eia; elasticity; elements; elimination; elisa; end; environment; enzyme; equal; equipment; errors; erythrocytes; essential; established; estimated; etc; european; european blood; evaluation; events; evidence; excessive; exchange; exclusion; exons; expected; experience; exposure; expression; external; extraction; factor; failure; false; family; febrile; female; female blood; female donors; ferritin; fetal; fetus; ffp; fibrinogen; filter; filtration; final; findings; flow; fluorescence; focus; following; fractionation; france; free; freezing; frequency; frequent; fresh; fresh blood; frozen; function; future; g'max; gamma; gel; general; generation; genes; genetic; genotype; genotyping; gestation; glucose; goal; good; graft; granulocyte; greater; greece; group system; groups; growth; guidelines; gvhd; h63d; haematological; haemolysis; haemovigilance; half; hbc; hbsag; hbv; hcv; hcv antibodies; hdn; health; help; hematocrit; hematology; hematopoietic; hemocue; hemoglobin; hemolytic; hemolytic transfusion; hemorrhage; heparin; hepatitis; heterozygous; high; high blood; higher; history; hiv; hla; homologous blood; homozygous; hospital; hospital blood; hospital transfusion; host; hours; hpa; hpa-1a; hsr; htlv; human; human blood; i.v; identification; igg; igm; il-10; ill; immediate; immune; immunization; immunoassay; immunoglobulin; impact; implementation; important; improved; improvement; incidence; incompatibility; incorrect blood; increased; increasing; incubated; incubation; independent; independent blood; index; indications; indirect; individuals; infants; infected; infections; inflammatory; influence; information; informed; infusion; inhabitants; initial; injury; institute; institutions; insufficient; integrated; intensive; intercept blood; internal; international; intervention; intravenous; introduction; intron; investigation; involved; iron; irradiated; irradiation; irregular; isolated; issue; ivig; january; jka; kell; kidd; kit; knowledge; known; labile blood; laboratories; laboratory; lack; lactate; large; law; lead; leucodepleted; leucodepletion; leukocyte; level; life; light; like; likely; limited; liss; literature; load; local; local blood; long; lots; low; lower; lst1; magnetic; main; maintenance; major; major blood; majority; males; malignant; management; mandatory; manual; manufacturing; markers; marrow; massive; material; maximum; mbl; mcmv; mds; mean; measured; measurements; mechanisms; median; medical; medium; membrane; metabolic; methods; microplate; mild; ministry; minutes; mmol; mnc; model; modified; mods; molecular; molecules; monitoring; monoclonal; monoclonal anti; months; morbidity; mortality; mother; multiple; multiple blood; mutation; n =; national blood; necessary; need; negative; negative blood; neonatal; new; new blood; new donors; newborn; non; normal; nucleic; number; objective; observation; observed; occurrence; old; ones; operations; optimal; order; organization; ortho; outcome; overall; oxygen; p =; pabd; packed; pall; panels; parameters; partial; participants; particular; past; pathogen; pathway; patients; patients anti; patients blood; pcr; pcs; people; percentage; performance; period; peripheral blood; personal; personnel; phase; phenotype; physical; physicians; place; plasma; plasma samples; plasma transfusion; plasma units; plasmapheresis; platelet; platelet concentrates; platelet count; platelet products; platelet quality; platelet storage; platelet transfusion; plt; point; policy; polish blood; polyclonal; pooled; pools; poor; population; positive; positive antibody; positive blood; positive cells; positive control; positive donors; positive patients; positive results; positive samples; positivity; possibility; possible; post; post transfusion; postoperative; potential; practice; practitioners; predonation; pregnancies; pregnancy; pregnant; preliminary; premature; preoperative; preparation; prepared; presence; present; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary; principles; prior; prism; problem; procedure; process; processes; processing; procleix; professional; program; programme; project; proper; prophylactic; proportion; prospective; protection; protein; protocol; pth; public; pulmonary; purpose; quality; quality blood; quality control; quality system; quantitative; questionnaire; questions; rabbits; random; randomized; range; rapid; rare; rare blood; rbc; rbc transfusion; rbcs; rccs; rcts; reactive; reagents; real; reasons; recent; recipients; recombinant; recommendations; recovery; red blood; red cell; reduced; reduction; reference; regional blood; regions; regular; regular blood; regulations; regulatory; related; relative; release; relevant; reliable; removal; repeat blood; replacement; reported; reporting; reports; republic; required; requirements; research; residual; resources; respect; respiratory; response; responsible; restrictive; results; retrospective; reverse; review; rhd; rhesus; risk; rna; roche; role; room; routine; routine blood; run; sampling; scansystem; scientific; screened; screening; second; security; selection; self; sensitive; sensitivity; separator; sepsis; sequence; sera; serbia; seroconversion; serological; serology; serum; services; set; setting; severe; severity; sex; shock; short; shows; sickle; significant; signs; similar; simple; singapore; single; site; situations; size; small; society; software; solution; source; special; specific; specific antibodies; specific blood; specificity; specimens; srbc; ssp; staff; standard; state; statistical; status; step; storage; strategies; strategy; students; studies; study; study blood; subjects; subsequent; subsequent blood; successful; suffering; suggested; summary; support; surface; surgery; surgery patients; surgical; survey; survival; symptoms; syndrome; syphilis; system; system antibodies; table; target; technical; technique; technology; temperature; temporary; test; test results; tested; testing; thalassemia; therapeutic; therapy; thrombin; thrombocytopenia; throughput; time blood; time donors; times; titer; titre; tool; total; training; trali; transfusion center; transfusion hepatitis; transfusion medicine; transfusion policy; transfusion practice; transfusion reactions; transfusion safety; transfusion service; transfusion system; transfusion testing; transfusion therapy; transfusions; transmission; transplantation; transport; trauma; trauma patients; treated; treatment; trend; trials; trigger; trima; tube; tumor; turkey; type; typing; ultrio; understanding; underwent; unique; university; unpaid blood; unrelated; usage; use; useful; validation; value; variable; vascular; venous blood; viability; viii; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; voluntary blood; volunteers; washed; way; wbc; weak; weak d; weeks; weight; white blood; wide; window; women; work; working; world; years; yield; young; ° c
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        item: #51 of 171
          id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o
      author: None
       title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS
        date: 2005-06-08
       words: 130154
      flesch: 50
     summary: The Polish Blood Transfusion Act of 22nd August 1997, in force since January 1st 1999, has been supplemented by 8 Decrees: 1. procedures for external BTS audits; 2. requirements for donor selection; 3. requirements and procedures for organization and safe management of blood transfusion in hospitals; 4. requirements for implementing of national and regional donor registers; 5. employment criteria for BTS personnel; 6. training requirements for hospital personnel involved in blood and blood product administration; 7. national, uniform price list for blood and blood products; 8. organization requirements for setting up of a National Committee for Blood and Blood Transfusion. Introduction: TRALI is a life threatening adverse reaction of blood transfusion.
    keywords: 0.001; abbott; abc; abo blood; absence; accepted; access; accreditation; accurate; acid; activation; activities; activity; actual; acute; additional; adequate; administration; adsorptions; adults; adverse; affected; affinity; aged; agglutination; aim; aims; albumin; alert; allele; alloantibodies; alloantibody; allogeneic blood; alloimmunization; alternative; amplification; analysed; analysis; analyze; anemia; anti; anti hcv; antibodies; antibody; antigens; antiglobulin; apheresis; application; applied; approach; appropriate; area; asked; assay; assessment; associated; association; assurance; atp; autoimmune; autologous blood; automated; automation; availability; available; average; b19; background; bacterial; bag; bags; base; baseline; basis; baxter; benefit; best; beta; better; binding; birth; bleeding; blood bag; blood banking; blood banks; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood conservation; blood consumption; blood derivatives; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood filtration; blood flow; blood group; blood grouping; blood inventory; blood loss; blood management; blood parameters; blood plasma; blood platelet; blood pressure; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood shortage; blood supply; blood system; blood testing; blood transfusion; blood units; blood use; blood volume; bone; bts; buffy; cancer; capacity; cardiac; cards; care; cases; categories; category; caucasian; cause; ccdee; cd34; cde; cell patients; cell transfusion; cellular; centers; central; centre; centrifugation; certain; cfu; chain; changes; characteristics; children; chronic; circulation; class; clinical; clinicians; close; cmv; coagulation; coat; cold; collaboration; collected; collections; column; combination; combined; commercial; common; comparison; compatible; compatible blood; complement; complete; complex; compliance; complications; concentrates; concentration; concerned; concerns; conclusion; conditions; confirmed; consequence; considerable; consideration; considered; consumption; contamination; content; continuous; contrast; control; control group; conventional; coombs; cord blood; core; corrective; correlation; cost; council; count; counting; countries; country; course; criteria; critical; croatia; cross; crossmatch; csf; culture; current; cytokines; cytometry; d type; d+ blood; daily; data; date; day; days; december; decision; decrease; deferrals; deferred; degree; delayed; delivery; department; depletion; design; detailed; detectable; detection; determination; determined; development; device; diagnosis; diamed; differences; different; different anti; different blood; difficult; direct; directive; disaster; discussion; disease; disorders; distribution; dna; doctors; donations; donor cells; dose; double; drugs; duration; e.g.; early; easy; ebds; education; effect; effective; effective blood; effectiveness; efficacy; efficient; efforts; eia; elasticity; elements; elimination; elisa; end; environment; enzyme; equal; equipment; errors; erythrocytes; essential; established; estimated; etc; european; european blood; evaluation; events; evidence; excessive; exchange; exclusion; exons; expected; experience; exposure; expression; external; extraction; factor; failure; false; family; febrile; female; female blood; female donors; ferritin; fetal; fetus; ffp; fibrinogen; filter; filtration; final; findings; flow; fluorescence; focus; following; fractionation; france; free; freezing; frequency; frequent; fresh; fresh blood; frozen; function; future; g'max; gamma; gel; general; generation; genes; genetic; genotype; genotyping; gestation; glucose; goal; good; graft; granulocyte; greater; greece; group system; groups; growth; guidelines; gvhd; h63d; haematological; haemolysis; haemovigilance; half; hbc; hbsag; hbv; hcv; hcv antibodies; hdn; health; help; hematocrit; hematology; hematopoietic; hemocue; hemoglobin; hemolytic; hemolytic transfusion; hemorrhage; heparin; hepatitis; heterozygous; high; high blood; higher; history; hiv; hla; homologous blood; homozygous; hospital; hospital blood; hospital transfusion; host; hours; hpa; hpa-1a; hsr; htlv; human; human blood; i.v; identification; igg; igm; il-10; ill; immediate; immune; immunization; immunoassay; immunoglobulin; impact; implementation; important; improved; improvement; incidence; incompatibility; incorrect blood; increased; increasing; incubated; incubation; independent; independent blood; index; indications; indirect; individuals; infants; infected; infections; inflammatory; influence; information; informed; infusion; inhabitants; initial; injury; institute; institutions; insufficient; integrated; intensive; intercept blood; internal; international; intervention; intravenous; introduction; intron; investigation; involved; iron; irradiated; irradiation; irregular; isolated; issue; ivig; january; jka; kell; kidd; kit; knowledge; known; labile blood; laboratories; laboratory; lack; lactate; large; law; lead; leucodepleted; leucodepletion; leukocyte; level; life; light; like; likely; limited; liss; literature; load; local; local blood; long; lots; low; lower; lst1; magnetic; main; maintenance; major; major blood; majority; males; malignant; management; mandatory; manual; manufacturing; markers; marrow; massive; material; maximum; mbl; mcmv; mds; mean; measured; measurements; mechanisms; median; medical; medium; membrane; metabolic; methods; microplate; mild; ministry; minutes; mmol; mnc; model; modified; mods; molecular; molecules; monitoring; monoclonal; monoclonal anti; months; morbidity; mortality; mother; multiple; multiple blood; mutation; n =; national blood; necessary; need; negative; negative blood; neonatal; new; new blood; new donors; newborn; non; normal; nucleic; number; objective; observation; observed; occurrence; old; ones; operations; optimal; order; organization; ortho; outcome; overall; oxygen; p =; pabd; packed; pall; panels; parameters; partial; participants; particular; past; pathogen; pathway; patients; patients anti; patients blood; pcr; pcs; people; percentage; performance; period; peripheral blood; personal; personnel; phase; phenotype; physical; physicians; place; plasma; plasma samples; plasma transfusion; plasma units; plasmapheresis; platelet; platelet concentrates; platelet count; platelet products; platelet quality; platelet storage; platelet transfusion; plt; point; policy; polish blood; polyclonal; pooled; pools; poor; population; positive; positive antibody; positive blood; positive cells; positive control; positive donors; positive patients; positive results; positive samples; positivity; possibility; possible; post; post transfusion; postoperative; potential; practice; practitioners; predonation; pregnancies; pregnancy; pregnant; preliminary; premature; preoperative; preparation; prepared; presence; present; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary; principles; prior; prism; problem; procedure; process; processes; processing; procleix; professional; program; programme; project; proper; prophylactic; proportion; prospective; protection; protein; protocol; pth; public; pulmonary; purpose; quality; quality blood; quality control; quality system; quantitative; questionnaire; questions; rabbits; random; randomized; range; rapid; rare; rare blood; rbc; rbc transfusion; rbcs; rccs; rcts; reactive; reagents; real; reasons; recent; recipients; recombinant; recommendations; recovery; red blood; red cell; reduced; reduction; reference; regional blood; regions; regular; regular blood; regulations; regulatory; related; relative; release; relevant; reliable; removal; repeat blood; replacement; reported; reporting; reports; republic; required; requirements; research; residual; resources; respect; respiratory; response; responsible; restrictive; results; retrospective; reverse; review; rhd; rhesus; risk; rna; roche; role; room; routine; routine blood; run; sampling; scansystem; scientific; screened; screening; second; security; selection; self; sensitive; sensitivity; separator; sepsis; sequence; sera; serbia; seroconversion; serological; serology; serum; services; set; setting; severe; severity; sex; shock; short; shows; sickle; significant; signs; similar; simple; singapore; single; site; situations; size; small; society; software; solution; source; special; specific; specific antibodies; specific blood; specificity; specimens; srbc; ssp; staff; standard; state; statistical; status; step; storage; strategies; strategy; students; studies; study; study blood; subjects; subsequent; subsequent blood; successful; suffering; suggested; summary; support; surface; surgery; surgery patients; surgical; survey; survival; symptoms; syndrome; syphilis; system; system antibodies; table; target; technical; technique; technologies; technology; temperature; temporary; test; test results; tested; testing; thalassemia; therapeutic; therapy; thrombin; thrombocytopenia; throughput; time blood; time donors; times; titer; titre; tool; total; training; trali; transfusion center; transfusion hepatitis; transfusion medicine; transfusion policy; transfusion practice; transfusion reactions; transfusion safety; transfusion service; transfusion system; transfusion testing; transfusion therapy; transfusions; transmission; transplantation; transport; trauma; trauma patients; treated; treatment; trend; trials; trigger; trima; tube; tumor; turkey; type; typing; ultrio; understanding; underwent; unique; university; unpaid blood; unrelated; usage; use; useful; validation; value; variable; vascular; venous blood; viability; viii; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; voluntary blood; volunteers; washed; way; wbc; weak; weak d; weeks; weight; white blood; wide; window; women; work; working; world; years; yield; young; ° c
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        item: #52 of 171
          id: cord-023364-ut56gczm
      author: None
       title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS
        date: 2005-06-08
       words: 130157
      flesch: 50
     summary: The Polish Blood Transfusion Act of 22nd August 1997, in force since January 1st 1999, has been supplemented by 8 Decrees: 1. procedures for external BTS audits; 2. requirements for donor selection; 3. requirements and procedures for organization and safe management of blood transfusion in hospitals; 4. requirements for implementing of national and regional donor registers; 5. employment criteria for BTS personnel; 6. training requirements for hospital personnel involved in blood and blood product administration; 7. national, uniform price list for blood and blood products; 8. organization requirements for setting up of a National Committee for Blood and Blood Transfusion. Introduction: TRALI is a life threatening adverse reaction of blood transfusion.
    keywords: 0.001; abbott; abc; abo blood; absence; accepted; access; accreditation; accurate; acid; activation; activities; activity; actual; acute; additional; adequate; administration; adsorptions; adults; adverse; affected; affinity; aged; agglutination; aim; aims; albumin; alert; allele; alloantibodies; alloantibody; allogeneic blood; alloimmunization; alternative; amplification; analysed; analysis; analyze; anemia; anti; anti hcv; antibodies; antibody; antigens; antiglobulin; apheresis; application; applied; approach; appropriate; area; asked; assay; assessment; associated; association; assurance; atp; autoimmune; autologous blood; automated; automation; availability; available; average; b19; background; bacterial; bag; bags; base; baseline; basis; baxter; benefit; best; beta; better; binding; birth; bleeding; blood bag; blood banking; blood banks; blood cells; blood center; blood collection; blood components; blood conservation; blood consumption; blood derivatives; blood donation; blood donors; blood establishments; blood filtration; blood flow; blood group; blood grouping; blood inventory; blood loss; blood management; blood parameters; blood plasma; blood platelet; blood pressure; blood products; blood safety; blood samples; blood service; blood shortage; blood supply; blood system; blood testing; blood transfusion; blood units; blood use; blood volume; bone; bts; buffy; cancer; capacity; cardiac; cards; care; cases; categories; category; caucasian; cause; ccdee; cd34; cde; cell patients; cell transfusion; cellular; centers; central; centre; centrifugation; certain; cfu; chain; changes; characteristics; children; chronic; circulation; class; clinical; clinicians; close; cmv; coagulation; coat; cold; collaboration; collected; collections; column; combination; combined; commercial; common; comparison; compatible; compatible blood; complement; complete; complex; compliance; complications; concentrates; concentration; concerned; concerns; conclusion; conditions; confirmed; consequence; considerable; consideration; considered; consumption; contamination; content; continuous; contrast; control; control group; conventional; coombs; cord blood; core; corrective; correlation; cost; council; count; counting; countries; country; course; criteria; critical; croatia; cross; crossmatch; csf; culture; current; cytokines; cytometry; d type; d+ blood; daily; data; date; day; days; december; decision; decrease; deferrals; deferred; degree; delayed; delivery; department; depletion; design; detailed; detectable; detection; determination; determined; development; device; diagnosis; diamed; differences; different; different anti; different blood; difficult; direct; directive; disaster; discussion; disease; disorders; distribution; dna; doctors; donations; donor cells; dose; double; drugs; duration; e.g.; early; easy; ebds; education; effect; effective; effective blood; effectiveness; efficacy; efficient; efforts; eia; elasticity; elements; elimination; elisa; end; environment; enzyme; equal; equipment; errors; erythrocytes; essential; established; estimated; etc; european; european blood; evaluation; events; evidence; excessive; exchange; exclusion; exons; expected; experience; exposure; expression; external; extraction; factor; failure; false; family; febrile; female; female blood; female donors; ferritin; fetal; fetus; ffp; fibrinogen; filter; filtration; final; findings; flow; fluorescence; focus; following; fractionation; france; free; freezing; frequency; frequent; fresh; fresh blood; frozen; function; future; g'max; gamma; gel; general; generation; genes; genetic; genotype; genotyping; gestation; glucose; goal; good; graft; granulocyte; greater; greece; group system; groups; growth; guidelines; gvhd; h63d; haematological; haemolysis; haemovigilance; half; hbc; hbsag; hbv; hcv; hcv antibodies; hdn; health; help; hematocrit; hematology; hematopoietic; hemocue; hemoglobin; hemolytic; hemolytic transfusion; hemorrhage; heparin; hepatitis; heterozygous; high; high blood; higher; history; hiv; hla; homologous blood; homozygous; hospital; hospital blood; hospital transfusion; host; hours; hpa; hpa-1a; hsr; htlv; human; human blood; i.v; identification; igg; igm; il-10; ill; immediate; immune; immunization; immunoassay; immunoglobulin; impact; implementation; important; improved; improvement; incidence; incompatibility; incorrect blood; increased; increasing; incubated; incubation; independent; independent blood; index; indications; indirect; individuals; infants; infected; infections; inflammatory; influence; information; informed; infusion; inhabitants; initial; injury; institute; institutions; insufficient; integrated; intensive; intercept blood; internal; international; intervention; intravenous; introduction; intron; investigation; involved; iron; irradiated; irradiation; irregular; isolated; issue; ivig; january; jka; kell; kidd; kit; knowledge; known; labile blood; laboratories; laboratory; lack; lactate; large; law; lead; leucodepleted; leucodepletion; leukocyte; level; life; light; like; likely; limited; liss; literature; load; local; local blood; long; lots; low; lower; lst1; magnetic; main; maintenance; major; major blood; majority; males; malignant; management; mandatory; manual; manufacturing; markers; marrow; massive; material; maximum; mbl; mcmv; mds; mean; measured; measurements; mechanisms; median; medical; medium; membrane; metabolic; methods; microplate; mild; ministry; minutes; mmol; mnc; model; modified; mods; molecular; molecules; monitoring; monoclonal; monoclonal anti; months; morbidity; mortality; mother; multiple; multiple blood; mutation; n =; national blood; necessary; need; negative; negative blood; neonatal; new; new blood; new donors; newborn; non; normal; nucleic; number; objective; observation; observed; occurrence; old; ones; operations; optimal; order; organization; ortho; outcome; overall; oxygen; p =; pabd; packed; pall; panels; parameters; partial; participants; particular; past; pathogen; pathway; patients; patients anti; patients blood; pcr; pcs; people; percentage; performance; period; peripheral blood; personal; personnel; phase; phenotype; physical; physicians; place; plasma; plasma samples; plasma transfusion; plasma units; plasmapheresis; platelet; platelet concentrates; platelet count; platelet products; platelet quality; platelet storage; platelet transfusion; plt; point; policy; polish blood; polyclonal; pooled; pools; poor; population; positive; positive antibody; positive blood; positive cells; positive control; positive donors; positive patients; positive results; positive samples; positivity; possibility; possible; post; post transfusion; postoperative; potential; practice; practitioners; predonation; pregnancies; pregnancy; pregnant; preliminary; premature; preoperative; preparation; prepared; presence; present; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary; principles; prior; prism; problem; procedure; process; processes; processing; procleix; professional; program; programme; project; proper; prophylactic; proportion; prospective; protection; protein; protocol; pth; public; pulmonary; purpose; quality; quality blood; quality control; quality system; quantitative; questionnaire; questions; rabbits; random; randomized; range; rapid; rare; rare blood; rbc; rbc transfusion; rbcs; rccs; rcts; reactive; reagents; real; reasons; recent; recipients; recombinant; recommendations; recovery; red blood; red cell; reduced; reduction; reference; regional blood; regions; regular; regular blood; regulations; regulatory; related; relative; release; relevant; reliable; removal; repeat blood; replacement; reported; reporting; reports; republic; required; requirements; research; residual; resources; respect; respiratory; response; responsible; restrictive; results; retrospective; reverse; review; rhd; rhesus; risk; rna; roche; role; room; routine; routine blood; run; sampling; scansystem; scientific; screened; screening; second; security; selection; self; sensitive; sensitivity; separator; sepsis; sequence; sera; serbia; seroconversion; serological; serology; serum; services; set; setting; severe; severity; sex; shock; short; shows; sickle; significant; signs; similar; simple; singapore; single; site; situations; size; small; society; software; solution; source; special; specific; specific antibodies; specific blood; specificity; specimens; srbc; ssp; staff; standard; state; statistical; status; step; storage; strategies; strategy; students; studies; study; study blood; subjects; subsequent; subsequent blood; successful; suffering; suggested; summary; support; surface; surgery; surgery patients; surgical; survey; survival; symptoms; syndrome; syphilis; system; system antibodies; table; target; technical; technique; technologies; technology; temperature; temporary; test; test results; tested; testing; thalassemia; therapeutic; therapy; thrombin; thrombocytopenia; throughput; time blood; time donors; times; titer; titre; tool; total; training; trali; transfusion center; transfusion hepatitis; transfusion medicine; transfusion policy; transfusion practice; transfusion reactions; transfusion safety; transfusion service; transfusion system; transfusion testing; transfusion therapy; transfusions; transmission; transplantation; transport; trauma; trauma patients; treated; treatment; trend; trials; trigger; trima; tube; tumor; turkey; type; typing; ultrio; understanding; underwent; unique; university; unpaid blood; unrelated; usage; use; useful; validation; value; variable; vascular; venous blood; viability; viii; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; voluntary blood; volunteers; washed; way; wbc; weak; weak d; weeks; weight; white blood; wide; window; women; work; working; world; years; yield; young; ° c
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        item: #53 of 171
          id: cord-024003-698d15gk
      author: Loutfy, Samah A
       title: Antiviral Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Encapsulating Curcumin Against Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 4a in Human Hepatoma Cell Lines
        date: 2020-04-22
       words: 6601
      flesch: 41
     summary: Finally, the release of curcumin from CsNPs was quantified according to the following equation: Huh7 cells, derived from human hepatoma cells, were received as a gift from the Lab of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, UKE, Hamburg, Germany and were used and maintained at Virology and Immunology unit, Cancer Biology Dept., National Cancer Institute, Cairo University. Cellular toxicity of the tested materials (curcumin, CsNPs and CuCs nanocomposite) was investigated against Huh7 cells using 2-fold dilutions starting from 100 to 6.25 µg/mL, according to our previously published protocol.
    keywords: activity; analysis; antiviral; apoptotic; assay; binding; cancer; caspase; cells; cellular; charges; chitosan; compounds; concentration; control; core; csnps; cucs; cucs nanocomposite; curcumin; current; cycle; cytotoxic; delivery; development; different; docking; drug; effect; entry; equation; expression; figure; flow; gene; genotype; hcv; hcv-4a; hepatitis; high; higher; hours; huh7; huh7 cells; human; ic50; increase; infected; levels; loaded; membrane; minutes; nanocomposite; nanoparticles; natural; new; ns3; ns5a; ns5b; polymerase; positive; potential; prepared; protease; protein; release; replication; response; results; role; silico; size; software; solution; stretching; studies; study; system; table; target; therapeutic; time; tpp; treatment; untreated; virus; wish
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        item: #54 of 171
          id: cord-026112-58sa5z03
      author: Dehghani-Dehej, Farzaneh
       title: Prevalence of HCV and/or HBV coinfection in Iranian HIV-infected patients
        date: 2020-04-24
       words: 4005
      flesch: 41
     summary: HIV diagnosis and treatment through advanced technologies World Health Organization Global Health Observatory Current diagnostic methods for HIV Interference of apoptosis by hepatitis B virus Characterization of hepatitis B virus with complex structural variations HIV-hepatitis B virus coinfection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity Hepatitis B: screening, awareness, and the need to treat Hepatitis B virus infection in the general population of Iran: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping by annealing reverse transcription-PCR products with genotype-specific capture probes Identification of a novel hepatitis C virus genotype from Punjab, India: expanding classification of hepatitis C virus into 8 genotypes Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Cambodia during 2016-2017 Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and mortality among HIV-positive individuals Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus: the first population-based study from Iran The impact of IFN-γ gene polymorphisms on spontaneous clearance of HCV infection in Fars Province, Southern of Iran The presence of autoantibodies to cytoplasmic rod and ring particles in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection Hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological response with interferon-free regimens in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, and risk of liver-related mortality in the Multicenter Cohort Study (MACS) Hepatitis B and long-term HIV outcomes in co-infected HAART recipients Survival in patients with HIV infection and viral hepatitis B or C: a cohort study Management of HIV and hepatitis virus coinfection Human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co-infected patients with cirrhosis are no longer at higher risk for hepatocellular carcinoma or end-stage liver disease as compared to HCV mono-infected patients Liver fibrosis and hepatitis B coinfection among ART naive HIV-infected patients at a tertiary level hospital in Northwestern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study Detection of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA in the plasma of Iranian HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B Detection of HBV genome in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Iranian HBsAg negative patients with HIV infection: occult HBV infection Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in azerbaijani patients with chronic hepatitis B infection Prevalence of JC polyomavirus large T antigen sequences among Iranian patients with central nervous system tumors Hepatitis C genotypes in Finland determined by RFLP Occult hepatitis C virus infection in Iranian patients with cryptogenic liver disease Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus among injection drug users in Drop in centers Prevalence and burden of HCV co-infection in people living with HIV: a global systematic review and meta-analysis Trend of HIV/AIDS prevalence and related interventions administered in Prisons of Iran − 13years' experience Antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in naïve Islamic Republic of Iran AIDS Progress Report HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance frequency among Iranian treatment-naive, sexually infected individuals Epidemiological distribution and genotype characterization of the hepatitis C virus among HIV patients in Kashan High prevalence of HCV coinfection in HIV-infected individuals in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran Sexually transmitted hepatitis C infection: the new epidemic in MSM? Occasional spontaneous clearance of chronic hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected individuals HIV and HCV coinfection: prevalence, associated factors and genotype characterization in the midwest region of Brazil Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection in HIV infected individuals in south India and characterization of HCV genotypes Detection and analysis of hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients in the Guangxi province of China Long-term liver diseases after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients with and without HBV or HCV coinfection Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma across a biological gradient of serum hepatitis B virus DNA level HIV-Hepatitis B virus co-infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment Isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in human immunodeficiency virus type-1− infected individuals Hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and human immunodeficiency virus infections among non-intravenous drug-using patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma: New trends Prevalence and trend of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis Incidence and residual risk of HIV, HBV and HCV infections among blood donors in Tehran Hepatic decompensation in antiretroviral-treated patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus compared with hepatitis C virus-monoinfected patients: a cohort study Factors associated with hepatitis B and C co-infection among HIV-infected patients in Singapore Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, in real-world patients with HIV-HCV coinfection and advanced liver disease Comparison of demographic, epidemiological, immunological, and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV mono-infection versus patients co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: a Serbian cohort study HBV and HCV coinfection prevalence in Iran-a systematic review and meta-analysis Hepatic decompensation in patients with HIV/hepatitis B Virus (HBV)/hepatitis C Virus (HCV) triple infection versus HIV/HCV coinfection and the effect of anti-HBV nucleos(t)ide therapy HIV infection exacerbates natural history of HCV infection.
    keywords: analysis; anti; antigen; blood; cirrhosis; dna; donors; drug; epidemiology; genotype; genotyping; hbcab; hbsag; hbv; hcc; hcv; hepatitis; higher; history; hiv; individuals; infected; infection; iran; iranian; kit; liver; load; mortality; negative; participants; patients; pcr; people; plasma; population; positive; prevalence; research; risk; rna; samples; sexual; specimens; studied; study; subjects; table; transmission; viral; virus; world
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        item: #55 of 171
          id: cord-027860-s97hdhh6
      author: Zeimet, Anthony
       title: Infectious Diseases
        date: 2020-06-22
       words: 28951
      flesch: 42
     summary: Management of such patients should be coordinated with an infectious diseases specialist, who also should manage drug-resistant TB treatment. Single positive blood culture for Coxiella burnetii or anti-phase 1 IgG antibody titer >1:800 Echocardiogram positive for IE (TEE recommended for patients with prosthetic valves, rated at least possible IE by clinical criteria, or complicated IE [paravalvular abscess]; TTE as first test in other patients) defined as follows: oscillating intracardiac mass on valve or supporting structures, in the path of regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an alternative anatomic explanation; or abscess; or new partial dehiscence of prosthetic valve; new valvular regurgitation (worsening or changing or preexisting murmur not sufficient) Predisposition, predisposing heart condition, or IDU Fever, temperature >38° C Vascular phenomena, major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhages, and Janeway's lesions Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler's nodes, Roth's spots, and rheumatoid factor Microbiologic evidence: positive blood culture but does not meet a major criterion as noted above * or serological evidence of active infection with organism consistent with IE Echocardiographic minor criteria eliminated Echocardiography should be performed in all patients with suspected infective endocarditis (Baddour et al., 2005)
    keywords: abdominal; abscess; acid; active; acute; acyclovir; addition; administration; adults; agents; amoxicillin; analysis; animal; antibiotic therapy; antibiotics; antibody; antimicrobial; appearance; appropriate; area; arthritis; ascitic; associated; asymptomatic; aureus; available; azithromycin; bacilli; bacterial; bacteriuria; benefit; biopsy; bite; blood; bone; bronchitis; cardiac; care; cases; catheter; causative; cause; cells; cellulitis; cephalexin; cephalosporin; cervical; changes; chest; children; chills; chlamydia; choice; chronic; clindamycin; clinical; coli; common; community; control; cough; count; course; coverage; criteria; csf; culture; daily; days; debridement; decrease; development; diabetic; diagnosis; diarrhea; differential; difficile; discharge; disease; dose; doxycycline; drainage; drug; duration; dysuria; early; edema; effective; elderly; elevated; empiric; encephalitis; endemic; endocarditis; etiologic; evaluation; evidence; examination; exposure; factors; fever; figure; findings; flora; fluid; fluoroquinolone; foot; form; fuo; generation; genital; gram; greater; guidelines; hav; hbv; hcv; headache; health; heart; helpful; hepatitis; herpes; high; higher; history; hiv; hospital; host; hours; hpv; hsv; human; illness; immune; immunocompromised; important; incidence; individuals; infected; infection; infective; inflammation; influenza; initial; injury; intravenous; isoniazid; joint; laboratory; latent; lesions; levels; likely; limited; liver; longer; low; lyme; major; making; malaise; management; material; measles; medical; meningitis; mononucleosis; months; mortality; mri; mrsa; nausea; necessary; need; negative; normal; number; onset; oral; organism; origin; osteomyelitis; pain; partners; pathogens; patients; pcr; pelvic; penicillin; peritonitis; persons; phase; physical; physician; pneumonia; population; positive; possible; potential; ppd; practice; preferred; pregnancy; pregnant; presence; present; presentation; prevention; primary; procedures; prophylaxis; pulmonary; pyelonephritis; q12h; radiograph; range; rash; rate; recent; recommendations; recurrent; regimen; repeat; resistant; respiratory; response; results; rifampin; risk; rmsf; routine; rule; sbp; screening; secondary; serum; setting; severe; sexual; significant; signs; simplex; single; skin; smx; society; soft; sor; species; specific; spp; spread; sputum; stain; standard; staphylococcus; states; stis; streptococci; studies; supportive; surgical; symptoms; syphilis; systemic; table; testing; tests; therapy; tick; times; tissue; tmp; tract; transmission; travelers; treatment; tuberculosis; type; ulcer; uncomplicated; underlying; united; untreated; upper; urinary; urine; use; uti; utis; vaccination; vaccine; vaginal; vancomycin; varicella; viral; virus; viruses; vomiting; warts; wbc; weeks; women; wounds; years; zoster
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        item: #56 of 171
          id: cord-030361-0tepkjdl
      author: Mohammed Abdul, Mubeen Khan
       title: Hepatitis C Virus in the Elderly in the Direct-Acting Antiviral Era: from Diagnosis to Cure
        date: 2020-08-11
       words: 4999
      flesch: 39
     summary: IDSA HCV guidance: recommendations for testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C Viral hepatitis in older adults Hepatitis C virus infection in the older patient Fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C: detection and significance Treating Medicaid patients with hepatitis C: clinical and economic impact Health state utilities and quality of life in hepatitis C patients Hepatitis C virus and metabolic disorder interactions towards liver damage and atherosclerosis Assessment of fatigue in patients with chronic hepatitis C using the fatigue impact scale Long-term outcome after interferon therapy in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis C Safety and efficacy of ledipasvir/ sofosbuvir for the treatment of genotype 1 hepatitis C in subjects aged 65 years or older Safety and efficacy of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients aged 65 years or older Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients aged 65 years or older: a retrospective analysis of phase 3 studies Efficacy and safety of elbasvir/grazoprevir in hepatitis C virus GT1-and GT4-infected people aged 65 years or older Directacting antivirals are effective for chronic hepatitis C treatment in elderly patients: A real-world study of 17,487 patients DAAs produce high rates of SVR in all age groups Interferon-free therapy in elderly patients with advanced liver diseas SVR rates with interferon-free regimens in elderly patients are high and comparable to the general population Safety and efficacy of direct-acting antivirals for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in a real-world population aged 65 years and older Efficacy and safety of direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis Direct-acting antivirals for HCV treatment in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis The efficacy and safety of direct acting antiviral treatment and clinical significance of drug-drug interactions in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection Histological outcome during long-term lamivudine therapy A morphometric and immunohistochemical study to assess the benefit of a sustained virological response in hepatitis C virus patients with cirrhosis Reversal of fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatosis after gastric bypass surgery Long-term liver stiffness assessment in hepatitis C virus patients undergoing antiviral therapy: Results from a 5-year cohort study Care of patients following cure of hepatitis C virus infection Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with HCV-associated cirrhosis treated with direct-acting antiviral agents HCV eradication induced by direct-acting antiviral agents reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma Development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C who had a sustained virological response to interferon therapy: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 1124 patients Treatment of elderly patients with chronic hepatitis C: a retrospective cohort study Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Who Rising mortality associated with hepatitis C virus in the United States Recommendations for the identification of chronic hepatitis C virus infection among persons born during 1945-1965 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiatives to prevent hepatitis C virus infection: a selective update Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR, and DOSVIRC groups Progression to cirrhosis in hepatitis C patients: an agedependent process Measurement and determinants of the natural history of liver fibrosis in hepatitis C virus infection: A cross sectional and longitudinal study Implementation of a large system-wide hepatitis C virus screening and linkage to care program for baby boomers Hepatitis C treatment in the elderly: new possibilities and controversies towards interferonfree regimens Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infection Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infection Grazoprevir-Elbasvir combination therapy for treatment-naive cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1, 4, or 6 infection: a randomized trial Glecaprevir and pibrentasvir yield high response rates in patients with HCV genotype 1-6 without cirrhosis Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir for hcv genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 infection The changing epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States: National health and nutrition examination survey, through 2010 OUtcomes of treatment for hepatitis c virus infection by providers Improving veteran access to treatment for hepatitis C virus infection AASLD/
    keywords: acting; adults; adverse; age; baseline; carcinoma; care; chronic; cirrhosis; clinical; cohort; combination; cure; daa; decompensated; direct; disease; drug; effects; efficacy; elderly; fibrosis; genotype; grants; groups; hbv; hcv; hepatic; hepatitis; hepatocellular; infection; inhibitors; interactions; interferon; liver; medical; medications; older; outcomes; patients; people; phase; population; positive; rates; regimens; response; ribavirin; risk; rna; safety; screening; similar; sofosbuvir; study; subjects; svr; testing; therapies; therapy; treatment; velpatasvir; virus; weeks; years
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        item: #57 of 171
          id: cord-253768-y35m3vh1
      author: Springer, Sandra A
       title: Federal and State Action Needed to End the Infectious Complications of Illicit Drug Use in the United States: IDSA and HIVMA’s Advocacy Agenda
        date: 2020-10-01
       words: 5850
      flesch: 36
     summary: Priority issues for IDSA and HIVMA were provisions authorizing funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to eliminate opioid related infections through improved surveillance and prevention for infections linked to IDU and funding for the Health Resources and Services Administration to build workforce capacity through a new Substance Use Treatment Provider Loan Forgiveness Program, offering up to $250 000 in loan repayment over 6 years for providers working in substance use treatment facilities [20] . Only about 5% of the nation's physicians have waivers to prescribe buprenorphine and most substance use treatment programs do not have opioid treatment programs, which makes methadone treatment challenging to obtain [18] .
    keywords: access; act; addition; associated; barriers; buprenorphine; care; case; clinical; community; diseases; disorder; drug; effective; endocarditis; epidemic; evidence; federal; funding; harm; hbv; hcv; health; hepatitis; hiv; hivma; idsa; idu; incarceration; increases; infectious; infectious diseases; injection; jails; linkage; management; medicaid; medical; mortality; moud; national; need; new; opioid; oud; outcomes; overdose; patients; people; persons; physicians; policy; prevention; prisons; programs; rates; reduction; related; release; response; risk; screening; services; sites; ssps; states; studies; substance; sud; suds; support; surveillance; syringe; therapy; tissue; treatment; united; use; viral; virus; women; years
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        item: #58 of 171
          id: cord-253825-d9borky8
      author: Blaising, Julie
       title: Arbidol as a broad-spectrum antiviral: An update
        date: 2014-04-24
       words: 8786
      flesch: 35
     summary: Shi and coworkers showed a greater inhibitory effect on influenza A H1N1 when ARB was added before infection or when it was pre-incubated with the virus (Shi et al., 2007) , suggesting that membrane impregnation and/or metabolites could underlie ARB antiviral activity (see Section 6.). Taken together, these data reveal that resistance of influenza viruses to ARB mainly arises from mutations in the HA2 fusion protein, consistent with ARB antiviral activity related to membrane fusion.
    keywords: activity; acute; administration; agent; animals; antiviral; antiviral activity; arb; arbidol; blaising; boriskin; broad; brooks; brooks et; cells; cellular; chemical; chikungunya; chikv; china; chinese; clathrin; clinical; daa; data; day; days; dependent; diseases; doses; drug; dual; effect; efficacy; entry; enveloped; et al; family; fig; fusion; group; h1n1; ha2; hantaan; hbv; hcv; healthy; hepatitis; high; host; hta; human; ic50; indole; infection; influenza; inhibition; inhibitory; interactions; intracellular; leneva; leneva et; life; lipid; liquid; liu; mechanisms; membrane; metabolites; mice; molecular; molecule; number; oral; particular; plasma; potential; properties; prophylaxis; proteins; pécheur; rab5; range; rats; recent; reovirus; replication; resistance; respiratory; rimantadine; rna; rsv; russia; section; shi; shi et; single; spectrum; strains; studies; study; sulfonyl; synthesis; teissier; teissier et; toxicity; trafficking; treatment; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; volunteers
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        item: #59 of 171
          id: cord-255781-55zrmgxq
      author: Bergman, Scott J.
       title: Interferons as Therapeutic Agents for Infectious Diseases
        date: 2011-12-31
       words: 6417
      flesch: 37
     summary: 39 Loss of viral DNA and antibody formation are successful outcomes associated with IFN treatment. 25, 38, 43 However, in 2009 several major studies were published associating a singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) just upstream from interleukin-28B gene (IL28B) with IFN response in patients with HCV genotype 1.
    keywords: a2b; activity; additional; adjuvants; adverse; agents; alfa-2b; alpha; antiviral; cells; chronic; clearance; cold; combination; common; daily; development; disease; dose; early; effective; effects; gene; genetic; genital; genotype; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; hpv; human; ifn; ifns; il28b; imiquimod; immune; infected; infection; influenza; interferon; intranasal; life; load; low; mechanisms; natural; oral; papillomavirus; patients; pegifn; peginterferon; pegylated; prevention; prophylaxis; randomized; rates; recombinant; recurrent; replication; research; respiratory; response; results; rhinovirus; ribavirin; role; significant; studies; study; successful; svr; symptoms; systemic; therapy; topical; tract; treatment; trial; types; use; vaccine; viral; virus; viruses; warts; weeks; weight
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        item: #60 of 171
          id: cord-256036-gd53s4dv
      author: Sandmann, Lisa
       title: Barriers of hepatitis C virus interspecies transmission
        date: 2013-01-01
       words: 7905
      flesch: 23
     summary: The role of transferrin receptor in Hepatitis C virus entry Hepatitis C virus induces interferon-lambda and interferonstimulated genes in primary liver cultures Expression of human CD81 in transgenic mice does not confer susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection Determinants of hepatitis C translational initiation in vitro, in cultured cells and mice Telaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin for chronic HCV genotype 1 infection The tight junction proteins claudin-1, -6, and -9 are entry cofactors for hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus replication in mice with chimeric human livers Biochemical and morphological properties of hepatitis C virus particles and determination of their lipidome The human liver-uPA-SCID mouse: a model for the evaluation of antiviral compounds against HBV and HCV The human liver-uPA-SCID mouse: a model for the evaluation of antiviral compounds against HBV and HCV Morphological and biochemical characterization of a human liver in a uPA-SCID mouse chimera Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus Species-specific regions of occludin required by hepatitis C virus for cell entry Identification of host genes involved in hepatitis C virus replication by small interfering RNA technology Association between hepatitis C virus and very-lowdensity lipoprotein (VLDL)/LDL analyzed in iodixanol density gradients Hepatitis C virus NS4B protein targets STING and abrogates RIG-I-mediated type-I interferon-dependent innate immunity Sustained viral response in a hepatitis C virus-infected chimpanzee via a combination of direct-acting antiviral agents Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81 Hepatitis C virus host cell entry Human occludin is a hepatitis C virus entry factor required for infection of mouse cells Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in microscale primary human hepatocyte cultures Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins interact with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR Boceprevir for untreated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection Immunity in hepatitis C infection Transgenic mice and the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis Cellular cofactors affecting hepatitis C virus infection and replication Recruitment and activation of a lipid kinase by hepatitis C virus NS5A is essential for integrity of the membranous replication compartment Human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes support complete replication of hepatitis C virus Identification of the Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 cholesterol absorption receptor as a new hepatitis C virus entry factor The human scavenger receptor class B type I is a novel candidate receptor for the hepatitis C virus Molecular and serologic analysis in the transmission of the GB hepatitis agents The complete mitochondrial genome of Tupaia belangeri and the phylogenetic affiliation of scandentia to other eutherian orders Interferon-stimulated genes and their antiviral effector functions A diverse range of gene products are effectors of the type I interferon antiviral response Modeling hepatitis C virus infection using human induced pluripotent stem cells Current animal models: transgenic animal models for the study of measles pathogenesis Memory CD8 þ T cells are required for protection from persistent hepatitis C virus infection Humanized mice in translational biomedical research Isolation of novel virus-like sequences associated with human hepatitis Lack of susceptibility of Chacma baboons (Papio ursinus orientalis) to hepatitis C virus infection Identification of human kinases involved in hepatitis C virus replication by small interference RNA library screening A functional genomic screen identifies cellular cofactors of hepatitis C virus replication Hepatic Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 regulates biliary cholesterol concentration and is a target of ezetimibe Kinases required in hepatitis C virus entry and replication highlighted by small interference RNA screening Replication of a hepatitis C virus replicon clone in mouse cells Identification of a lipid kinase as a host factor involved in hepatitis C virus RNA replication INX-08189, a phosphoramidate prodrug of 6-O-methyl-2 0 -C-methyl guanosine, is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication with excellent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties Disruption of Erk-dependent type I interferon Lack of susceptibility of various primates and woodchucks to hepatitis C virus Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 protein is critical for intestinal cholesterol absorption Pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection in Tupaia belangeri Expression of paramyxovirus V proteins promotes replication and spread of hepatitis C virus in cultures of primary human fetal liver cells Assembly of infectious hepatitis C virus particles Roles for endocytic trafficking and phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III alpha in hepatitis C virus replication Intrinsic immunity: a front-line defense against viral attack Human liver chimeric mice provide a model for hepatitis B and C virus infection and treatment Adaptation of hepatitis C virus to mouse CD81 permits infection of mouse cells in the absence of human entry factors Efficient initiation of HCV RNA replication in cell culture Highly permissive cell lines for hepatitis C virus genomic and subgenomic RNA replication Class III phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha and beta are novel host factor regulators of hepatitis C virus replication Nonstructural 3/4A protease of hepatitis C virus activates epithelial growth factor-induced signal transduction by cleavage of the T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase Host range studies of GB virus-B hepatitis agent, the closest relative of hepatitis C virus, in New World monkeys and chimpanzees Serology-enabled discovery of genetically diverse hepaciviruses in a new host miR-122, a mammalian liverspecific microRNA, is processed from hcr mRNA and may downregulate the high affinity cationic amino acid transporter CAT-1 Replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in mouse embryonic fibroblasts: protein kinase R (PKR)-dependent and PKR-independent mechanisms for controlling HCV RNA replication and mediating interferon activities Humanized mice with ectopic artificial liver tissues Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A, non-B viral hepatitis genome Debio 025, a cyclophilin binding molecule, is highly efficient in clearing hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon-containing cells when used alone or in combination with specifically targeted antiviral therapy for HCV (STAT-C) inhibitors RNA interference and single particle tracking analysis of hepatitis C virus endocytosis L-SIGN (CD209L) and DC-SIGN (CD209) mediate transinfection of liver cells by hepatitis C virus New horizons for studying human hepatotropic infections Studies on the transmission of human viral hepatitis to marmoset monkeys.
    keywords: acid; animal; antiviral; approach; assembly; barriers; binding; c virus; capable; cd81; cells; cellular; chimpanzees; chronic; cirrhosis; cldn1; clinical; combination; compounds; contrast; critical; culture; data; density; dependent; development; differences; disease; dorner; efficient; entry; essential; et al; evidence; experimental; expression; factors; fibrosis; functional; gbv; genome; hcv; hcv entry; hcv infection; hepatitis; hepatocytes; hepatoma; high; host; human; human cells; ifn; immune; immunity; important; infected; infection; inhibitor; innate; interferon; kinase; lack; lifecycle; like; limited; liver; low; mice; microrna; mir-122; model; monkeys; mouse; mouse cells; murine; new; non; npc1l1; occludin; ocln; orthologues; pathogenesis; permissive; ploss; possible; primary; process; production; protease; protein; receptor; replication; research; response; rig; rna; role; scarb1; sequence; signaling; species; specific; studies; study; support; susceptibility; system; table; transgenic; transmission; treatment; tree; tropism; type; tyrosine; uptake; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; vivo
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        item: #61 of 171
          id: cord-256118-gxhhwqdd
      author: Abadie, R.
       title: “Caballo”: risk environments, drug sharing and the emergence of a hepatitis C virus epidemic among people who inject drugs in Puerto Rico
        date: 2020-10-23
       words: 7858
      flesch: 49
     summary: key: cord-256118-gxhhwqdd authors: Abadie, R.; Dombrowski, K. title: “Caballo”: risk environments, drug sharing and the emergence of a hepatitis C virus epidemic among people who inject drugs in Puerto Rico date: 2020-10-23 journal: Harm Reduct J DOI: 10.1186/s12954-020-00421-z sha: doc_id: 256118 cord_uid: gxhhwqdd BACKGROUND: We explored partners’ motivation to engage in drug sharing, as well as its social organization, social roles and existing norms.
    keywords: access; acquisition; approach; arrangements; behaviors; caballo; choice; cocaine; contexts; cooker; cotton; data; day; dose; drug; drug sharing; drug users; dynamics; environment; epidemic; epidemiological; equipment; ethnographic; exchange; findings; half; harm; hcv; health; hepatitis; heroin; hiv; indirect; individual; injection; joint; local; need; needle; networks; new; norms; participants; particular; partners; people; population; poverty; practices; preparation; prevalence; process; puerto; puerto rico; pwid; reduction; related; research; resources; review; rican; rico; risk; roles; rural; san; share; sharing; small; social; solution; states; structural; study; syringe; time; transmission; treatment; turn; united; users; virus; water; withdrawal; york
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        item: #62 of 171
          id: cord-256769-flfycl7i
      author: Stoermer, Kristina A.
       title: Complement and Viral Pathogenesis
        date: 2011-03-01
       words: 10374
      flesch: 28
     summary: The paramyxoviruses simian virus 5 and mumps virus recruit host cell CD46 to evade complement-mediated neutralization Autophagy induction by the pathogen receptor CD46 Decreased function of peripheral blood dendritic cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis B and C virus infection A dominant complement fixation pathway for pneumococcal polysaccharides initiated by SIGN-R1 interacting with C1q Impaired allostimulatory capacity of peripheral blood dendritic cells recovered from hepatitis C virus-infected individuals Reduced numbers and impaired ability of myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells to polarize T helper cells in chronic hepatitis C virus infection Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 encodes a functional regulator of complement activation Critical role of complement and viral evasion of complement in acute, persistent, and latent gamma-herpesvirus infection T-cell regulation: with complements from innate immunity Activation of human CD4 + cells with CD3 and CD46 induces a T-regulatory cell 1 phenotype Properdin: emerging roles of a patternrecognition molecule Complement C5a receptor is essential for the optimal generation of antiviral CD8 + T cell responses Interaction between complement receptor gC1qR and hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits T-lymphocyte proliferation Complement component C3 promotes T-cell priming and lung migration to control acute influenza virus infection Mechanism of complement inactivation by glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus Secreted complement regulatory protein clusterin interacts with dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 Global spread and persistence of dengue Complement-mediated regulation of the IL-17A axis is a central genetic determinant of the severity of experimental allergic asthma Suppression of host immune response by the core protein of hepatitis C virus: possible implications for hepatitis C virus persistence Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus Seizures following picornavirus infection Role for complement in the development of seizures following acute viral infection High circulating levels of the dengue virus nonstructural protein NS1 early in dengue illness correlate with the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever Structure and regulatory profile of the monkeypox inhibitor of complement: comparison to homologs in vaccinia and variola and evidence for dimer formation Cutting edge: murine CD59a modulates antiviral CD4 + T cell activity in a complementindependent manner Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein gC mediates immune evasion in vivo In vivo role of complement-interacting domains of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein gC Herpes simplex virus type 1 evades the effects of antibody and complement in vivo Interplay between promoter and structural gene variants control basal serum level of mannan-binding protein Nonenveloped nucleocapsids of hepatitis C virus in the serum of infected patients Linking innate and acquired immunity: divergent role of CD46 cytoplasmic domains in T cell induced inflammation Complement and coagulation: strangers or partners in crime? Modulation of the antitumor immune response by complement Abrogation of the alternative complement pathway by targeted deletion of murine factor B Protective immune responses against West Nile virus are primed by distinct complement activation pathways Complement activation is required for induction of a protective antibody response against West Nile virus infection Complement protein C1q inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of flavivirus infection in an IgG subclass-specific manner Complement protein C1q reduces the stoichiometric threshold for antibody-mediated neutralization of West Nile virus Hepatitis C virus and the lung: implications for therapy Induction of p38-and gC1qR-dependent IL-8 expression in pulmonary fibroblasts by soluble hepatitis C core protein Complement contributes to inflammatory tissue destruction in a mouse model of Ross River virus-induced disease Complement receptor 3 promotes severe ross river virus-induced disease Surviving mousepox infection requires the complement system Ectromelia virus inhibitor of complement enzymes protects intracellular mature virus and infected cells from mouse complement Enhancement of neutralizing activity of influenza virus-specific antibodies by serum components Kaposi's sarcomaassociated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) open reading frame 4 protein (kaposica) is a functional homolog of complement control proteins Herpes and pox viral complement control proteins: 'the mask of self Alternative complement pathway deregulation is correlated with dengue severity Natural antibodies and complement link innate and acquired immunity Control of early viral and bacterial distribution and disease by natural antibodies Protective T cell-independent antiviral antibody responses are dependent on complement Complement: a key system for immune surveillance and homeostasis Variola virus immune evasion design: expression of a highly efficient inhibitor of human complement Interaction of vaccinia virus complement control protein with human complement proteins: factor I-mediated degradation of C3b to iC3b1 inactivates the alternative complement pathway Role of virion-associated glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins CD55 and CD59 in complement resistance of cell line-derived and primary isolates of HIV-1 Interaction of mannose-binding lectin with primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Non-enveloped HCV core protein as constitutive antigen of cold-precipitable immune complexes in type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia Role of the receptor for the globular domain of C1q protein in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulin vascular damage Host cell-derived complement control proteins CD55 and CD59 are incorporated into the virions of two unrelated enveloped viruses. Gammaherpesviruses, including Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, herpesvirus saimiri, and murine γ-herpesvirus 68 (γHV68) encode homologs of complement regulatory proteins (Albrecht and Fleckenstein, 1992; Mullick et al., 2003a; Spiller et al., 2003; Virgin et al., 1997) .
    keywords: activation; activity; acute; addition; ade; alternative; antibodies; antibody; antigen; binding; c1q; c3b; c4b; c5a; cd4; cd8; cell; chronic; classical; cleavage; complement; complement activation; complement system; complex; components; control; convertases; core; cr2; critical; deficient; dendritic; dengue; dependent; development; disease; effector; enhanced; enhancement; et al; evidence; expression; factor; fig; findings; functions; gc1qr; glycoprotein; hcv; hepatitis; herpes; hiv; host; hsv-1; human; igg; igm; immune; immunity; important; infected; infection; influenza; inhibitor; inhibits; interaction; lectin; levels; mannose; mbl; mechanisms; membrane; mice; mouse; natural; neutralization; normal; ns1; number; pathogenesis; pathway; patients; protein; receptor; regulate; regulation; regulatory; responses; role; rrv; sars; serum; severe; similar; simplex; specific; studies; surfaces; system; t cell; type; vaccinia; viral; virions; virus; viruses; vsv; wild; wnv; γhv68; −/−
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        item: #63 of 171
          id: cord-258234-qn8xp4v9
      author: Striker, Rob
       title: Inhibitors of Peptidyl Proline Isomerases As Antivirals in Hepatitis C and Other Viruses
        date: 2014-11-06
       words: 2488
      flesch: 34
     summary: Despite the depth of information regarding NS5A domain 2, our basic understanding of which viral prolines in HCV or other viruses require isomerases is limited. Identifying viruses and viral proteins that depend on host proline isomerases is an appealing strategy.
    keywords: amino; antiviral; cis; common; conformations; critical; cyclophilin; cyclosporine; disorder; domain; figure; genomes; hcv; hepatitis; host; inhibitors; interaction; isomerases; motif; multiple; mutations; ns5a; proline; proteins; regions; replication; residues; resistance; rich; role; strategy; structure; tacrolimus; trans; viral; virus; viruses; warpdyn
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        item: #64 of 171
          id: cord-259916-gr6v098c
      author: Wang, Hongliang
       title: Mechanisms of Cellular Membrane Reorganization to Support Hepatitis C Virus Replication
        date: 2016-05-20
       words: 6205
      flesch: 28
     summary: In addition, as DRMs are important platforms for cellular membrane trafficking and signal transduction [27, 28] , it is conceivable that this property of HCV replication membranes may also regulate signal transduction and membrane trafficking at viral replication sites. These findings suggest a model in which PI4P recruits LTPs such as OSBP and FAPP2 to HCV replication organelles, which in turn result in the trafficking of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids to HCV replication membranes.
    keywords: addition; alterations; associated; autophagy; biogenesis; c virus; cells; cellular; complex; dmvs; double; essential; expression; factors; formation; genome; hcv; hcv replication; hcv rna; hepatitis; host; important; induction; infected; infection; kinase; known; labeling; lipid; localization; membrane; membranous; microscopy; model; molecular; mws; necessary; nonstructural; ns3; ns4b; ns5a; nuclear; organelles; phosphatidylinositol; pi4p; polyprotein; positive; protein; replicase; replication; replicon; rna; rna replication; role; sense; single; sites; strand; structures; studies; study; subgenomic; synthesis; trafficking; transport; ultrastructural; vesicles; viral; virus; viruses; web
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        item: #65 of 171
          id: cord-260099-mthwab4p
      author: Li, Yi
       title: C-type lectin LSECtin interacts with DC-SIGNR and is involved in hepatitis C virus binding
        date: 2009-02-21
       words: 3498
      flesch: 54
     summary: LSECtin protein contains an N-terminal transmembrane domain (TM), a potential encocytic motif (aa 6-9), a central ectodomain (aa 55-162) including a coiled-coil region (aa 96-136), and a C-terminal carbohydrate To further investigate whether the ectodomain of LSECtin was required for and whether other regions were involved in the interaction with DC-SIGNR, a series of LSECtin truncates or point mutants were constructed and used in the Co-IP assays. Expression and purification of HCV E2 protein The HCV E2 (384-664 aa) fused to human IgG1-Fc was generated.
    keywords: affinity; anti; antibody; assays; binding; cd81; cells; control; different; ectodomain; egta; endothelial; expression; facs; fig; glycoprotein; hcv; hek293; hepatitis; human; infection; interaction; liver; lsecs; lsectin; mannan; mock; nih3t3; particles; positive; present; protein; pseudotype; receptors; sera; signr; sinusoidal; soluble; supplementary; surface; vector; viral; virions; virus
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        item: #66 of 171
          id: cord-261287-l4649du3
      author: Puoti, Massimo
       title: A randomized, controlled trial of triple antiviral therapy as initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients()
        date: 2004-05-06
       words: 3685
      flesch: 37
     summary: (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) vs. PEG-IFN for treatment of HIV/HCV co-infected patients ANRS HC02-RIBAVIC: a randomised controlled trial of pegylatedinterferona-2b plus ribavirin vs interferona-2b plus ribavirin as primary treatment of chronic hepatitis C in HIV co-infected patients Is an 'À la Carte' combination Interferon Alfa-2b plus ribavirin regimen possible for the first line treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C? Retreatment with interferon plus ribavirin of chronic hepatitis C non-responders to interferon monotherapy: a metaanalysis of individual patient data Gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase as a response predictor when using alpha-interferon to treat hepatitis C Treatment of chronic sporadic-type non-A, non-B hepatitis with lymphoblastoid interferon: gamma GT levels predictive for response Steatosis accelerates the progression of liver damage of chronic hepatitis C patients and correlates with specific HCV genotype and visceral obesity As we enter an era in which HCV treatment is going to be pursued aggressively in HIV/HCV-co-infected persons, more and more emphasis must be placed on identifying at an early stage subjects who will not benefit from an expensive and poorly tolerated therapy.
    keywords: addition; alcohol; alfa; amantadine; analysis; anti; art; baseline; cd4; chronic; clinical; combination; daily; disease; efficacy; genotype; ggt; group; hcv; hcvrna; hepatitis; high; hiv; infected; infection; intensification; interferon; levels; liver; low; months; patients; predictive; randomized; rate; response; ribavirin; roche; schedule; significant; standard; studies; study; sustained; svr; test; therapy; treatment; trial; virus; weeks
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        item: #67 of 171
          id: cord-263433-oldy0gta
      author: Barriocanal, Marina
       title: Long Non-Coding RNA BST2/BISPR is Induced by IFN and Regulates the Expression of the Antiviral Factor Tetherin
        date: 2015-01-09
       words: 8780
      flesch: 42
     summary: The proteomics identifications (PRIDE) database and associated tools: status in 2013 Global mapping of translation initiation sites in mammalian cells at single-nucleotide resolution Identification of small ORFs in vertebrates using ribosome footprinting and evolutionary conservation Revisiting the protein-coding gene catalog of Drosophila melanogaster using 12 fly genomes Quantification of different human alpha interferon subtypes and pegylated interferon activities by measuring MxA promoter activation Influenza A virus lacking the NS1 gene replicates in interferon-deficient systems Inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus infection in epithelial cells by alpha interferon-induced soluble secreted proteins An abundance of bidirectional promoters in the human genome Complex Loci in human and mouse genomes Identification of a member of the interferon regulatory factor family that binds to the interferonstimulated response element and activates expression of interferon-induced genes Comparison of microarrays and RNA-seq for gene expression analyses of dose-response experiments Large scale comparison of gene expression levels by microarrays and RNAseq using TCGA data Transcription factor binding and modified histones in human bidirectional promoters Systematic analysis of headto-head gene organization: evolutionary conservation and potential biological relevance Bidirectional gene organization: a common architectural feature of the human genome Expression of the murine RanBP1 and Htf9-c genes is regulated from a shared bidirectional promoter during cell cycle progression Divergent transcription is associated with promoters of transcriptional regulators Functional consequences of bidirectional promoters Induced ncR-NAs allosterically modify RNA-binding proteins in cis to inhibit transcription Antisense expression increases gene expression variability and locus interdependency Tetherin inhibits HIV-1 release by directly tethering virions to cells BST-2/tetherin: structural biology, viral antagonism, and immunobiology of a potent host antiviral factor Intrinsic cellular defenses against human immunodeficiency viruses BST-2 expression in human hepatocytes is inducible by all three types of interferons and restricts production of hepatitis C virus Mechanism of HIV-1 virion entrapment by tetherin BST2/Tetherin inhibits hepatitis C virus production in human hepatoma cells Vpu binds directly to tetherin and displaces it from nascent virions Influenza virus partially counteracts restriction imposed by tetherin/BST-2 Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu Interferoninduced cell membrane proteins, IFITM3 and tetherin, inhibit vesicular stomatitis virus infection via distinct mechanisms Regulation of hepatic innate immunity by hepatitis C virus Interferon type I gene expression in chronic hepatitis C Interferon signaling and treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C Intrahepatic gene expression during chronic hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees Hepatitis C virus controls interferon production through PKR activation Hepatitis C virus blocks interferon effector function by inducing protein kinase R phosphorylation Interferon-induced ISG15 pathway: an ongoing virus-host battle The antiviral activities of ISG15 Positive regulation of interferon regulatory factor 3 activation by Herc5 via ISG15 modification The interferon stimulated gene 15 functions as a proviral factor for the hepatitis C virus and as a regulator of the IFN response IFN-stimulated gene 15 functions as a critical antiviral molecule against influenza, herpes, and Sindbis viruses ISG15, a ubiquitin-like interferon-stimulated gene, promotes hepatitis C virus production in vitro: implications for chronic infection and response to treatment Negative feedback regulation of RIG-Imediated antiviral signaling by interferon-induced ISG15 conjugation The antiviral protein viperin inhibits hepatitis C virus replication via interaction with nonstructural protein 5A Regulation of Interferon-stimulated gene BST2 by a lncRNA transcribed from a shared bidirectional promoter Barriocanal contributed to the writing of the manuscript; Victor Segura was in charge of all the bioinformatic analyses; and Puri Fortes conceived the project and the required experiments, provided the budget, interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript. The NeST long ncRNA controls microbial susceptibility and epigenetic activation of the interferon-gamma locus Cutting edge: influence of Tmevpg1, a long intergenic noncoding RNA, on the expression of Ifng by Th1 cells An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome The rise of regulatory RNA Human cancer long non-coding RNA transcriptomes Specific expression of long noncoding RNAs in the mouse brain Landscape of transcription in human cells Molecular interplay of the noncoding RNA ANRIL and methylated histone H3 lysine 27 by polycomb CBX7 in transcriptional silencing of INK4a Control of alternative splicing through siRNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing Expression of a noncoding RNA is elevated in Alzheimer's disease and drives rapid feed-forward regulation of beta-secretase Epigenetic silencing of tumour suppressor gene p15 by its antisense RNA Long noncoding RNAs: fresh perspectives into the RNA world Thermodynamic instability of siRNA duplex is a prerequisite for dependable prediction of siRNA activities Comparison of approaches for rational siRNA design leading to a new efficient and transparent method Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome Adenovirus VA RNA-derived miRNAs target cellular genes involved in cell growth, gene expression and DNA repair Induction and evasion of type I interferon responses by influenza viruses
    keywords: a549; activation; analysis; antiviral; array; bidirectional; binding; bispr; candidates; case; cells; cellular; characterized; coding; control; correlation; cytoplasmic; data; database; decreased; different; effect; experiments; expression; factor; figure; gbp1; genes; genome; hcv; hepatitis; high; huh7; human; identification; ifn; ifn response; ifnα2; ifnλ; immune; induced; induction; infected; infection; influenza; inhibition; inhibits; innate; interference; interferon; irf1; isgs; levels; liver; lncbst2; lncisg15; lncrnas; long; material; molecular; mutant; negative; neighboring; non; noncoding; nuclear; oas; pathway; patients; pcr; positive; post; potential; production; promoter; protein; regulation; response; results; rna; rnaseq; role; samples; sequences; signaling; significant; similar; sirna; specific; stat; studies; supplementary; table; tetherin; times; transcription; transcripts; treatment; type; units; upregulated; virus; viruses; vsv
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        item: #68 of 171
          id: cord-264326-teahway7
      author: Eleftheriou, Phaedra
       title: In Silico Evaluation of the Effectivity of Approved Protease Inhibitors against the Main Protease of the Novel SARS-CoV-2 Virus
        date: 2020-05-29
       words: 5423
      flesch: 40
     summary: Estimated binding energies of approved or under-trial III protease inhibitors to the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease structures (PDB code: 6LU7 and PDB code: 6M2N), to their initial protease target (HCV protease structure 2WF8, DPP-4 structure 2FFW, a-thrombin structure 1DWE, Factor Xa structure 4BTI) and to the HIV-1 protease structure 4RVJ. Docking analysis of 34 approved or phase III trial protease inhibitors to the SARS-CoV-2 protease revealed several drugs that may act as SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors, within the classes of the HCV protease, DPP-4, α-thrombin and coagulation Factor Xa inhibitors.
    keywords: acids; active; amino; amino acids; analysis; anti; binding; bond; chain; coagulation; complex; compounds; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cys145; distances; docking; drugs; energy; enzyme; evaluation; factor; figure; formation; free; glu166; group; hcv; hcv protease; his41; hydrogen; hydrophobic; inhibitors; initial; interactions; kcal; leu; ligand; lower; main; main protease; moiety; mol; patients; polar; promising; protease; protease inhibitors; protein; results; ring; sars; ser; site; stabilization; structure; subsite; substrate; thrombin
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        item: #69 of 171
          id: cord-264713-38dlh3wg
      author: Vernet, Guy
       title: Molecular diagnostics in virology
        date: 2004-08-20
       words: 4802
      flesch: 36
     summary: in 2001 illustrate the interest of multiplex detection of respiratory viruses by NAT. Table 6 Multiplex Nat for the detection of respiratory viruses (Hexaplex, Prodesse Inc.) DNA-microarrays or DNA-Chips are very powerful detection tools that can be combined with amplification techniques to detect viruses or virus variants (reviewed in Clewley, 2004) .
    keywords: acid; acute; amplification; antiviral; assays; automation; available; blood; case; clinical; commercial; companies; detection; development; diagnosis; different; discovery; disease; dna; donations; efficiency; et al; example; family; fig; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; herpesviridae; high; hiv; hpv; human; identification; important; infections; ivd; laboratories; load; major; microarray; molecular; multiplex; mutations; nat; need; new; nucleic; pathogens; patients; pcr; platforms; primers; probes; rapid; real; recent; resistance; respiratory; samples; sensitivity; sequences; single; specimen; table; techniques; testing; tests; time; units; usa; viral; virology; viruses
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        item: #70 of 171
          id: cord-264936-3posyr5n
      author: Mohammadzadeh, Sara
       title: Enhanced-Transient Expression of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein in Nicotiana tabacum, a Protein With Potential Clinical Applications
        date: 2014-11-24
       words: 6214
      flesch: 37
     summary: Two types of plant expression vectors (PVX-based and classic pBI121 binary) for HCVcp were constructed and their levels of protein expression in the presence and absence of P19 co-agroinfiltration were compared. HCVcp denote to HCV core protein, eHCVcp and pHCVcp dnote to E.coli-derived and plant-derived HCVcp, respectively.
    keywords: acids; addition; agrobacterium; agroinfiltration; amino; analysis; antibodies; antibody; anticore; antigen; applications; assay; binary; blotting; clinical; cloning; codon; coli; control; core; cultivar; diagnostic; dilution; dna; dot; efficient; elisa; epitopes; expression; extracts; figure; gene; hcvcp; hepatitis; human; immunization; infected; kdel; kozak; lane; leaves; levels; mice; molecular; monoclonal; native; negative; nucleotides; optimization; p19; page; pbi; pbi121; plant; plasmid; positive; potential; presence; present; production; proper; protein; purified; pvx; recombinant; restriction; results; sds; sequence; sera; sigma; silencing; sites; specific; standard; steps; studies; study; suppressor; system; tobacco; transformed; transgenic; transient; tsp; vaccine; vector; viral; virus; western
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        item: #71 of 171
          id: cord-265005-e6rpryrh
      author: Tomasello, Elena
       title: Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types
        date: 2014-10-30
       words: 18121
      flesch: 29
     summary: Further knowledge on the functions and the dynamic regulation of ISGs is essential to develop novel therapeutic strategies against viral infections aiming at modulating IFN responses to promote their protective anti-viral cell-intrinsic functions over their deleterious toxic effects. This inhibition is relieved upon cell infection through negative regulation of the function of the RNA-induced silencing complex.
    keywords: able; activation; activities; activity; acute; adaptive; administration; affinity; alpha; amounts; anti; antibody; antigen; antiviral; autoimmune; autoimmunity; bacterial; beneficial; beta; binding; biological; cancer; case; cd4; cd8; cd8 t; cell responses; cell types; cells; cellular; certain; chronic; chronic viral; clearance; complex; complexes; conditions; contrary; control; critical; cytokines; cytosolic; dcs; defenses; deficient; degradation; deleterious; deleterious ifn; delivery; dendritic; dendritic cells; dependent; depletion; development; different; differential; diseases; distinct; dna; early; effector; effects; efficient; endogenous; exhaustion; expression; factor; feedback; figure; functions; genes; genetic; hcv; hepatitis; hepatocytes; high; hiv-1; host; human; ifn; ifn production; ifnar1; ifnl3; ifns; iii; immune; immune responses; immunity; immunology; induced; induction; infected; infection; inflammatory; influenza; inhibition; innate; interferon; intracellular; intrinsic; isg; isgs; key; knowledge; lambda; large; lcmv; lead; levels; like; local; low; macrophages; main; major; manner; maturation; mcmv; mechanisms; mice; microbial; model; molecules; monocytes; mouse; mrna; nature; negative; non; novel; number; particular; pathways; patients; pdcs; peg; phosphorylation; plasmacytoid; polarization; potent; primary; process; production; proliferation; protective; proteins; receptor; recruitment; regulation; replication; resistance; responses; results; rna; role; secondary; self; sensing; signaling; signals; siv; specific; stat1; stimulation; strategies; strong; studies; subsets; subtypes; systemic; t cells; target; targeted; targeting; ternary; th1; therapy; tissues; tlr3; treatment; triggering; tumor; type; understanding; viral; viral infection; viral replication; virus; viruses; vivo; www.frontiersin.org; xcr1
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        item: #72 of 171
          id: cord-265588-1tcaleeo
      author: Yousaf, Tahir
       title: Phytochemical profiling and antiviral activity of Ajuga bracteosa, Ajuga parviflora, Berberis lycium and Citrus lemon against Hepatitis C Virus
        date: 2018-03-20
       words: 3481
      flesch: 51
     summary: For this purpose, HepG2 cells were seeded with HCV positive and negative serum and nontoxic doses of plant extract for 24 and 48 h. After this RNA was extracted and viral load was determined using Real-time PCR. The main advantage of using natural molecules from plant extracts is their low cost, with no need of chemical synthesis.
    keywords: activities; activity; ajuga; alkaloids; alternative; amino; analysis; antiviral; bracteosa; cells; concentration; control; cure; current; detection; diseases; effects; extract; flavonoids; formation; hcv; hepatitis; hepg2; lemon; liver; low; lycium; medicinal; methanol; negative; pakistan; parviflora; phenols; phytochemical; plant; presence; present; results; row; saponins; serum; study; table; tannins; test; toxic; toxicity; treatment; virus
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        item: #73 of 171
          id: cord-265592-r8nlef0h
      author: Teuber, G.
       title: Randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial with interferon‐α with and without amantadine sulphate in primary interferon‐α nonresponders with chronic hepatitis C
        date: 2001-12-21
       words: 3800
      flesch: 41
     summary: A virus M2 protein; characterization of the amantadine block Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with amantadine The roles of amantadine, rimantadine, ursodeoxycholic acid, and NSAIDs, alone or in combination with alpha interferons, in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C Amantadine hydrochloride decreases serum ALT activity without effects on serum HCV-RNA in chronic hepatitis C patients A pilot study of interferon plus amantadine versus interferon alone in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C Randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of interferon-alfa2a with and without amantadine as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C Amantadine plus interferon in non reponders or relapsing chronic hepatitis C patients: end of treatment response A controlled study of amantadine montherapy vs. amantadine combined with interferon-a in chronic hepatitis C patients nonresponders to interferon-a Classi®cation of chronic hepatitis: diagnosis, grading and staging Clinical evaluation of a new polymerase chain reaction assay (Amplicor TM HCV) for detection of hepatitis C virus Evaluation and comparison of different hepatitis C virus genotyping and serotyping assays 3 Pro®le of Mood States. key: cord-265592-r8nlef0h authors: Teuber, G.; Berg, T.; Naumann, U.; Raedle, J.; Brinkmann, S.; Hopf, U.; Zeuzem, S. title: Randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial with interferon‐α with and without amantadine sulphate in primary interferon‐α nonresponders with chronic hepatitis C date: 2001-12-21 journal: J Viral Hepat DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2001.00297.x sha: doc_id: 265592 cord_uid: r8nlef0h In primary interferon‐α (IFN‐α) nonresponders with chronic hepatitis C, retreatment with IFN‐α has only limited efficacy with sustained response rates below 10%.
    keywords: a2a; amantadine; amantadine sulphate; antiviral; cacy; chronic; combination; combined; end; fatigue; follow; hcv; health; hepatitis; ifn; ifn‐α; improvement; interferon; life; miu; nonresponders; observed; patients; period; placebo; present; previous; primary; quality; randomized; rates; response; rna; scores; serum; study; subscales; sulphate; sustained; therapy; treatment; virological; virus; weeks
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        item: #74 of 171
          id: cord-266105-8avkjc84
      author: None
       title: cord-266105-8avkjc84
        date: None
       words: 13081
      flesch: 42
     summary: Several strategies may help reduce the threat of AIV to equines, including reducing exposure of equines to poultry, birds, and other hosts of IAV, especially animals with clinical signs of influenza virus infection; monitoring AIV prevalence in domestic poultry around equines and routinely vaccinating domestic poultry with AIV vaccines; vaccinating susceptible equines with EI vaccines, especially farming equines in close contact with domestic poultry; and monitoring the prevalence of multiple AIV subtypes in equines, not merely that of those restricted to H3N8 subtype. 5 Low humidity and temperature increased the stability of influenza virus in aerosols and on surfaces.
    keywords: 16s; 6xi; a(h1n1)pdm09; a(h3n2; ace2; acid; acute; addition; adults; african; aiv; analysis; animals; auc; authors; avian; bacterial; bacterial pneumonia; cases; cd5l; changes; characterized; chikungunya; chikv; china; chinese; clinical; close; complete; considered; contact; control; coronavirus; correlation; covid-19; cross; csf; current; daa; daily; data; day; deaths; diagnosis; different; direct; dna; domestic; ecmo; eiv; end; epidemic; epidemiological; equines; errors; failure; farming; feb; fever; fig; gene; genetic; genome; genotype; global; gram; h3n8; hbcab; hbsag; hbv; hcv; health; hepatitis; high; higher; hiv; hospital; hubei; human; humidity; icu; identification; increase; infected; infection; influenza; influenza virus; information; interest; isolated; journal; levels; lineage; low; mainland; meningitis; minion; mortality; mouse; national; ncov; negative; new; non; novel; number; outbreak; p72; parameters; pathogen; patients; pneumonia; positive; potential; poultry; present; previous; protein; provinces; rate; reactivation; reads; recent; receptor; recombination; regions; research; residues; resistance; respiratory; result; rrna; samples; science; seasonal; seasonality; sequences; sequencing; serum; severe; southernmost; species; strains; studies; study; subtype; supplementary; surveillance; swine; system; table; temperature; therapy; time; total; transmission; treatment; viral; virus; viruses; work; xxvi; years; yunnan
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        item: #75 of 171
          id: cord-266738-8xx1xm2d
      author: None
       title: cord-266738-8xx1xm2d
        date: None
       words: 14692
      flesch: 44
     summary: Increasing reports on human PRV infection cases in China have recently indicated that PRV poses a significant threat to public health in China, especially in people in close contact with sick pigs and/or related pork products/contaminants. 3 , 8 Here we explored a simple data-driven, Boltzmann functionbased approach for estimation only based on the daily cumulative number of confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 (Note: the rational for Boltzmann function-based regression analysis is presented in supporting information (SI) file).
    keywords: 2019; absence; addition; adults; age; analysis; animal; antibiotics; areas; assay; authors; available; bacterial; bal; care; cases; cfu; characteristics; children; china; chinese; chronic; clinical; close; colistin; colleagues; complete; contact; control; coronavirus; countries; cov-2; crkp; culture; data; days; detection; determined; diagnosis; different; direct; disease; distribution; drugs; ehv; ehv1; emergence; enterobacterales; epidemic; epidemiological; equine; europe; features; fever; fig; findings; following; gene; government; group; hcv; health; hepatitis; high; hospital; hospitalized; hubei; human; immunosuppressive; infants; infected; infection; information; intervention; isolates; january; jirovecii; journal; klebsiella; laboratory; large; lassa; leishmaniasis; likely; lower; mcr; medical; molecular; n =; national; negative; neomycin; new; nigeria; non; novel; number; observed; oral; origin; outbreak; patients; pcr; people; period; personal; pertussis; pigs; pjp; plasmid; pneumocystis; pneumoniae; positive; potential; presence; present; prevalence; prevention; protective; province; prv; pseudorabies; psoriasis; public; rate; real; recent; regimens; related; reported; research; resistance; respiratory; response; results; review; risk; samples; sars; serotype; shipyard; significant; similar; spain; spd; species; specific; specimens; spread; standard; stool; strains; studies; study; subjects; susceptible; symptoms; table; testing; therapy; threat; time; total; transmission; treatment; unit; use; vaccination; vaccine; values; viral; virus; work; workers; world; wuhan; years
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        item: #76 of 171
          id: cord-267867-q52nvn0n
      author: Chevalier, Christophe
       title: Inhibition of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Cell Culture by Small Interfering RNAs
        date: 2016-12-14
       words: 8023
      flesch: 37
     summary: The siRNAs si240-1a and si244 proved to be the most efficient inhibitors of HCV RNA replication with inhibition doses 50 of 19 ng (0.64 nmol/l) and 33 ng (1.11 nmol/l), respectively, and all siRNAs exhibited inhibition doses 50 within the 19-141 ng range. These results correlated well with inhibition levels of reporter SEAP activity, and confirmed that HCV RNA replication is strongly inhibited, if not abolished, in cells treated with 2 μg of the three most efficient siRNAs (si240-1a, si244, and si313).
    keywords: activity; antisense; antiviral; base; c virus; cells; cergy; chimeric; chronic; clones; conserved; courtaboeuf; culture; data; days; domain; doses; effect; efficient; en5; escape; experiments; expression; figure; france; g418; gene; genome; genotype; hcv; hcv genotype; hepatitis; homologous; human; iii; infected; infection; inhibition; inhibitory; interference; ires; jfh-1; levels; liver; mismatch; nneo; ntat2aneo; ntr; nucleotide; pcr; polyprotein; pontoise; production; region; replication; replicon; resistant; results; rna; rna replication; rnai; seap; sequences; si240; si313; silencing; sirnas; small; specific; strain; strand; study; subgenomic; system; table; target; targeted; targeting; therapeutic; transfection; translation; treatment; viral; virus; viruses; δgdd
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        item: #77 of 171
          id: cord-268467-btfz6ye8
      author: Schreiber, Steven S.
       title: Sequence analysis of the nucleocapsid protein gene of human coronavirus 229E
        date: 1989-03-31
       words: 5049
      flesch: 51
     summary: RNAGenetits Characterization of leader RNA sequences on the virion and mRNAs of mouse hepatitis virus, a cytoplasmic virus Mouse hepatitis virus A59: The mRNAs of coronaviruses contain a stretch of leader sequence which is derived from the 5'-end of the viral genome and exhibits homologywith the intergenic consensus sequence Budzilowicz et al., 1985) .
    keywords: 5'-end; a/.; acid; amino; analysis; antigenic; bcv; cdna; cells; characterized; chemical; clone; cloning; conserved; coronaviruses; et a/.; fig; fragments; frame; gene; genome; genomic; gilbert; hci; hcv-229e; hepatitis; human; ibv; infected; internal; intracellular; kamahora; lai; leader; method; mhv; min; molecular; mouse; mrna; nucleocapsid; nucleotide; oc43; primer; protein; reaction; region; residues; restriction; rna; rnas; sequence; sequencing; sites; species; synthesis; tgev; translation; units; viral; virus; weight
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        item: #78 of 171
          id: cord-269194-b1wlr3t7
      author: Engstrom-Melnyk, Julia
       title: Chapter 5 Clinical Applications of Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Virology
        date: 2015-12-31
       words: 12555
      flesch: 22
     summary: Determining a patient's HIV viral load is indicated prior to entry into care, at the initiation of ART, at 2-8 weeks after ART initiation, and then typically every 3-4 months while on treatment: (1) to establish a baseline level of HIV viral load; (2) to establish viral response to the therapy to assess the virologic efficacy of ART; and (3) to monitor for abnormalities that may be associated with antiretroviral drugs (DHHS HIV, 2014) . (A) HIV viral loads will fluctuate as patients are on treatment, and, in most instances, will remain 'undetectable' (at or below dotted line); viral 'blips' are not uncommon and will result in transient 'detectable' and even quantifiable results (above the dashed line).
    keywords: aasld; accurate; acid; acute; aids; amplification; antibody; antiretroviral; antiviral; applications; appropriate; art; assays; assessment; baseline; care; cdc; cell; chronic; clinical; clinicians; cmv; competitive; concentration; control; copies; critical; culture; cure; cytomegalovirus; decision; detectable; detection; developed; development; diagnosis; disease; dna; donor; drug; duration; early; ebola; effective; efficacy; emptive; epidemic; et al; factors; failure; fda; greater; guidelines; hbv; hcv; hcv treatment; health; hepatitis; high; higher; hiv; hiv viral; hiv-1; human; identification; idsa; immunodeficiency; increase; infected; infection; influenza; information; initial; initiation; international; introduction; laboratories; laboratory; ldts; levels; limits; liver; lloq; load; lod; long; lower; management; methods; molecular; monitoring; nat; nats; need; new; nucleic; order; organ; outcomes; patients; pcr; pcr assays; point; polymerase; positive; post; potential; practice; pre; prevention; prior; progression; quantitative; quantitative pcr; quantitative real; range; rapid; reaction; real; recipients; recommendations; regimen; reporting; resistance; response; results; risk; rna; role; sample; screening; sensitive; sensitivity; significant; solid; specific; standard; studies; suppression; svr; target; technology; testing; tests; therapeutic; therapy; time; time pcr; time quantitative; transplant; transplantation; treatment; use; value; viral; viral infections; viral levels; viral load; virologic; virology; virus; viruses; weeks
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        item: #79 of 171
          id: cord-269294-vx7xr80t
      author: Kwong, Ann D.
       title: Viral and cellular RNA helicases as antiviral targets
        date: 2005-09-23
       words: 6386
      flesch: 50
     summary: This is illustrated by an overlay of the structures for HCV RNA helicase 10 (red; three domains) and PcrA DNA helicase 11 (cyan; four domains) in FIG. The successful results of the HSV helicase inhibitors were not made public until several years after many companies had started screening for HCV helicase inhibitors.
    keywords: acid; action; active; activity; agents; antiviral; assay; atp; binding; box; c virus; cellular; complex; conserved; crystal; ddx3; dead; design; different; dna; domain; drug; enzymes; example; fig; form; function; g g; g k; g l; g p; g v; hcv; hcv helicase; helicase; hepatitis; herpes; high; host; hsv; human; hydrolysis; inhibition; inhibitors; interactions; l t; mechanism; motifs; multiple; ns3; ntp; nucleic; pcra; polymerase; potential; primary; primase; protease; protein; replicase; replication; residues; review; rna; s g; s r; s s; s t; sequence; simplex; site; small; strategies; structure; t g; targets; treatment; ul5; unwinding; viral; virus; viruses; y g
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        item: #80 of 171
          id: cord-270498-hh6h50t2
      author: Tseng, Chin-Kai
       title: Celastrol inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by upregulating heme oxygenase-1 via the JNK MAPK/Nrf2 pathway in human hepatoma cells
        date: 2017-09-19
       words: 4977
      flesch: 39
     summary: Activation of the MAPK signaling cascade, which includes p38, ERK1/2, and JNK, has been reported to be involved in HO-1 induction resulting in anti-HCV activity (Huang et al., 2006 whether MAPKs are involved in anti-HCV effect of celastrol, Ava5 cells were treated with 0.5 mM celastrol for 0e120 min. HO-1 induction was recently shown to result in anti-HCV activity by inducing type I interferon and inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease activity.
    keywords: activation; activity; anti; antiviral; assay; ava5; celastrol; cells; combination; concentrations; contrast; control; daclatasvir; days; drug; effect; erk1/2; et al; expression; fig; firefly; gene; genotype; hcv; heme; hepatitis; ho-1; human; ifn; induction; infection; inhibitor; inhibits; interferon; jnk; kinase; lee; levels; luciferase; mapk; nrf2; ns3/4a; nuclear; oxygenase-1; p38; pathway; patients; promoter; protease; protein; regulation; replication; replicon; response; results; rna; signaling; snmp; sofosbuvir; specific; telaprevir; treatment; usa; virus; western
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        item: #81 of 171
          id: cord-271091-ffn59sgf
      author: Galao, Rui P
       title: Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a versatile eukaryotic system in virology
        date: 2007-10-10
       words: 6551
      flesch: 35
     summary: The strategy to use yeast cells for vaccination could also be used to elicit protective immune responses against human pathogenic yeasts. The amino terminal deletion mutants of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein NS5A function as transcriptional activators in yeast Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A contains potential transcriptional activator domains Characterization of the nuclear localization signal and subcellular distribution of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein NS5A Hepatitis C virus nonstructural region 5A protein is a potent transcriptional activator The hepatitis C virus core protein interacts with NS5A and activates its caspase-mediated proteolytic cleavage Use of an in vitro model and yeast two-hybrid system to investigate the pathogenesis of hepatitis C Cleavage of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A by a caspase-like protease(s) in mammalian cells Hepatitis C virus core protein: an update on its molecular biology, cellular functions and clinical implications The core protein of hepatitis C virus is imported into the nucleus by transport receptor Kap123p but inhibits Kap121p-dependent nuclear import of yeast AP1-like transcription factor in yeast cells Differential subcellular localization of hepatitis C virus core gene products.
    keywords: analysis; antigen; antiviral; approach; biology; bmv; c virus; candidiasis; cell; cellular; cerevisiae; class; collection; compounds; core; core protein; cycle; deletion; dependent; development; dna; drug; effects; essential; eukaryotic; expression; factors; functional; fundamental; gene; genetic; genome; growth; hcv; hepatitis; higher; hiv; host; host factors; human; identification; immune; immunity; important; induced; interaction; known; life; like; mhc; mice; model; molecules; mrna; mutant; new; non; nonstructural; novel; ns5a; nucleus; pathogens; pathways; plasmids; processes; promoter; protease; protein; recombinant; recombination; replication; research; responses; rna; rna replication; role; saccharomyces; screening; specific; strains; studies; study; system; target; tbsv; tools; transcription; translation; understanding; vaccine; viral; viral replication; viral rna; virus; viruses; wide; yeast
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        item: #82 of 171
          id: cord-271635-tydlyc1q
      author: Abdel-Hamid, Nabil M.
       title: Herbal management of hepatocellular carcinoma through cutting the pathways of the common risk factors
        date: 2018-11-30
       words: 10071
      flesch: 30
     summary: Inflammation and cancer STATs in cancer inflammation and immunity: a leading role for STAT3 Infections as a major preventable cause of human cancer New functions for the matrix metalloproteinases in cancer progression Role of nonresolving inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression, Npj Precis Suppressive effect of natural sesquiterpenoids on inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in mouse macrophage cells Xanthorrhizol inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced acute inflammation and two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis by blocking the expression of ornithine decarboxylase, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase through mitogen-activated protein kinases and/or the nuclear factor-kappa B Evaluation of the antinociceptive activity and acute oral toxicity of standardized ethanolic extract of the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb Xanthorrhizol: a review of its pharmacological activities and anticancer properties Antiproliferative property and apoptotic effect of xanthorrhizol on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells Xanthorrhizol induced DNA fragmentation in HepG2 cells involving Bcl-2 family proteins Advances in the study of berberine and its derivatives: a focus on anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects in the digestive system Berberine suppresses proinflammatory responses through AMPK activation in macrophages Berberine mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating antioxidant status and inflammatory cytokines Berberine inhibits inflammatory response and ameliorates insulin resistance in hepatocytes Berberine induces autophagic cell death and mitochondrial apoptosis in liver cancer cells: the cellular mechanism Berberine induces cell death in human hepatoma cells in vitro by downregulating CD147 Berberine induces selective apoptosis through the AMPKmediated mitochondrial/caspase pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma Andrographolide sensitizes cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via p53-mediated death receptor 4 upregulation Hepatoprotective and antiviral functions of silymarin components in HCV infection Inhibition of T-cell inflammatory cytokines, hepatocyte NF-kappaB signaling, and HCV infection by standardized Silymarin Identification of hepatoprotective flavonolignans from silymarin Anticancer potential of silymarin: from bench to bed side Silymarin inhibits in vitro T-cell proliferation and cytokine production in hepatitis C virus infection Differential in vitro effects of intravenous versus oral formulations of silibinin on the HCV life cycle and inflammation Silibinin is a potent antiviral agent in patients with chronic hepatitis C not responding to pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy Silymarin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in hepatic cancer cells Synergistic anti-cancer effect of baicalein and silymarin on human hepatoma HepG2 Cells Suppression of N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis by silymarin in rats Chemopreventive effect of silymarin on liver pathology in HBV X protein transgenic mice RUNX3 directly interacts with intracellular domain of Notch1 and suppresses Notch signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells Studies on mechanism of action of glycyrrhizin against hepatitis A virus replication in vitro Therapeutic basis of glycyrrhizin on chronic hepatitis B Review of pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhiza sp.
    keywords: ability; action; activation; active; activities; activity; administration; alcoholic; alpinia; andrographolide; anti; anticancer; antioxidant; antiviral; apoptosis; apoptotic; barbarum; berberine; broccoli; cancer; cancer cells; carcinoma; causes; cells; china; chronic; cirrhosis; cisplatin; compounds; content; countries; cox-2; cytokines; cytotoxic; damage; death; decrease; dependent; development; different; disease; dna; effect; enzymes; expression; extract; factors; family; fatty; fibrosis; free; genes; ginger; glabra; glycyrrhizin; green; growth; hbv; hcc; hcv; hepatic; hepatitis; hepatocellular; hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma; hepg2; herbal; high; human; il-6; important; increase; individuals; induced; induction; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibition; inhibits; injury; insulin; kinase; level; like; lipid; liver; lpp; lycium; mechanisms; mice; mitochondrial; model; nafld; natural; nigella; non; nonalcoholic; numerous; obesity; officinarum; oxidative; oxidative stress; p53; pathway; patients; pharmacological; potential; prevention; products; progression; proliferation; properties; protein; rats; recent; reduction; regulation; related; resistance; review; rhizome; risk; role; ros; rsv; sativa; significant; silymarin; stress; studies; study; sulforaphane; tea; therapeutic; tissue; tnf; treatment; tumor; verum; viral; virus; vitamin; vivo
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        item: #83 of 171
          id: cord-273555-i1d4quos
      author: Stättermayer, A. F.
       title: Letter: does the IFNL4 gene discovery really provide a causal role for the IL28B haplotype blocks? Authors' reply
        date: 2014-02-04
       words: 1161
      flesch: 31
     summary: Although validation studies in large cohorts of patients, like the one investigated by St€ attermayer et al., 1 may help understand the clinical utility of IFNL4, these studies have so far failed to demonstrate any causal rela-tionship between IFNL4 protein and nonresponse to interferon therapy in chronic HCV patients. Whether the efficacy of oral iron was related to higher intestinal absorption because of few patients on proton pump inhibitor therapy (17%), even though peptic ulcer was the most common cause of GI bleeding, remains unknown.
    keywords: activity; anaemia; bleeding; causal; chronic; clearance; gene; hcv; hepatitis; ifnl4; il28b; interferon; iron; oral; patients; response; study; supplementation; therapy; treatment
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        item: #84 of 171
          id: cord-274080-884x48on
      author: Rumlová, Michaela
       title: In vitro methods for testing antiviral drugs
        date: 2018-06-30
       words: 18015
      flesch: 26
     summary: Virus-encoded methyltransferases have been identified and characterized in flaviviruses such as Zika virus Coutard et al., 2017; Duan et al., 2017; Munjal et al., 2017; Zhao et al., 2017) , West Nile virus, and dengue virus (Dong et al., 2012) ; rhabdoviruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (Rahmeh et al., 2009 ); coronaviruses such as SARS (Wang et al., 2015b) ; and roniviruses (Zeng et al., 2016) . Alternatively, cleavage products may be monitored by analysis of proteolytic products by mass spectrometric methods (Hu et al., 2015; Joshi et al., 2017; Lathia et al., 2011; Rumlová et al., 2003) , analytical HPLC (Teruya et al., 2016) , or electrochemical methods based on the difference in penetration of substrate and cleavage products through the membrane of a polyionselective sensor (Gemene and Meyerhoff, 2011; Han et al., 1996) .
    keywords: acid; activation; activities; activity; adenoviruses; adp; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antiviral; approach; assay; assembly; atpase; available; binding; biochemical; budding; c virus; capsid; ccr5; cell; cellular; changes; characterization; cleavage; clercq; clinical; common; complex; complexes; components; compounds; conditions; contrast; core; coronavirus; cov; cycle; cytoplasm; cytosol; dengue; dependent; design; detection; determination; development; different; direct; disassembly; discovery; dna; domain; drug; dsdna; early; east; ebola; encode; endocytosis; endosomal; endosomes; entry; envelope; enveloped viruses; enzymes; escape; escrt; et al; example; expression; factors; fields; fig; flaviviruses; fluorescence; formation; furin; fusion; gag; genetic; genome; genomic; glycoproteins; golgi; gp41; grna; hbv; hcv; helenius; helicase; hepatitis; herpesviruses; high; highthroughput; hiv-1; host; host cell; hts; human; icosahedral; identification; immunodeficiency; infected; infection; influenza; influenza virus; inhibition; inhibitors; insights; integrase; integration; interactions; intracellular; kinase; knipe; large; late; layer; leukemia; life; like; lipid; luciferase; machinery; majority; mass; material; matrix; maturation; mechanism; membrane; mers; method; methylation; methyltransferase; middle; modified; molecular; molecule; monitoring; mrna; multiple; murine; nanoparticles; new; novel; npc; ns3; nuclear; nucleic; nucleocapsid; nucleus; numerous; packaging; particles; pathways; peptide; phase; phosphorylation; plasma; polarization; poliovirus; polymerase; pore; positive; potential; poxviruses; presence; primary; process; processing; production; products; protease; protein; proteolytic; purified; pyrophosphate; quantitative; reaction; real; receptor; recombinant; release; replication; reporter; resistant; respiratory; retroviral; retroviruses; reverse; review; rna; rna polymerase; rna viruses; role; sars; screening; selective; sensitive; shell; signaling; simplex; single; sites; size; small; specific; stages; steps; stomatitis; strand; structural; study; substrate; surface; syndrome; synthesis; system; target; targeting; techniques; terminal; throughput; time; tqon; transcribed; transcriptase; transcription; translation; transport; type; tyrosine; uncoating; unique; vaccinia; vesicles; vesicular; viral; viral proteins; viral rna; virions; virus; virus entry; virus replication; virus type; viruses; vivo; wang; wang et; zika
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        item: #85 of 171
          id: cord-276364-zyw5aukk
      author: Wong, Ho Him
       title: Manipulation of autophagy by (+) RNA viruses
        date: 2019-08-08
       words: 6910
      flesch: 27
     summary: Cytochemical localization of lysosomal enzymes in infected cells Autophagy is an essential component of Drosophila immunity against vesicular stomatitis virus HSV-1 ICP34.5 confers neurovirulence by targeting the Beclin 1 autophagy protein Autophagy pathway intersects with HIV-1 biosynthesis and regulates viral yields in macrophages Protection against fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis by beclin, a novel Bcl-2-interacting protein Autophagy protects against Sindbis virus infection of the central nervous system PLA2G16 represents a switch between entry and clearance of Picornaviridae CALCOCO2/NDP52 and SQSTM1/p62 differentially regulate coxsackievirus B3 propagation Interferon-inducible protein SCOTIN interferes with HCV replication through the autolysosomal degradation of NS5A Inflammation-induced, STING-dependent autophagy restricts Zika virus infection in the drosophila brain Amino acid substitutions in the non-structural proteins 4A or 4B modulate the induction of autophagy in West Nile virus infected cells independently of the activation of the unfolded protein response The role of secretory autophagy in Zika virus transfer through the placental barrier Japanese encephalitis virus replication is negatively regulated by autophagy and occurs on LC3-I-and EDEM1-containing membranes Rab5 and class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase Vps34 are involved in hepatitis C virus NS4B-induced autophagy Hepatitis C virus upregulates Beclin1 for induction of autophagy and activates mTOR signaling The autophagy elongation complex (ATG5-12/16L1) positively regulates HCV replication and is required for wild-type membranous web formation Coronavirus membraneassociated papain-like proteases induce autophagy through interacting with Beclin1 to negatively regulate antiviral innate immunity Coronaviruses hijack the LC3-I-positive EDEMosomes, ER-derived vesicles exporting short-lived ERAD regulators, for replication Coronavirus nsp6 proteins generate autophagosomes from the endoplasmic reticulum via an omegasome intermediate Cleavage of sequestosome 1/p62 by an enteroviral protease results in disrupted selective autophagy and impaired NFKB signaling Protein 2B of coxsackievirus B3 induces autophagy relying on its transmembrane hydrophobic sequences Enteroviruses remodel autophagic trafficking through regulation of host SNARE proteins to promote virus replication and cell exit Foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid protein VP2 activates the cellular EIF2S1-ATF4 pathway and induces autophagy via HSPB1 Viroporin activity of the foot-and-mouth disease virus non-structural 2B protein Modification of cellular autophagy protein LC3 by poliovirus Double-membraned liposomes sculpted by poliovirus 3AB protein This work was supported by Health and Medical Research Funds (16150592 and 17161202 and 17161032), and partially by Research Grants Council-General research funds (17112617). A similar finding was reported more recently with rotavirus where virus replication benefited from induction of autophagy while blocking degradation [34] .
    keywords: activation; advantage; antigen; assembly; atg5; autolysosomes; autophagosomes; autophagy; cells; cellular; complex; complexes; components; coronavirus; coxsackievirus; cvb3; data; death; degradation; dengue; denv; dependent; disease; double; encephalitis; evidence; expression; flaviviruses; formation; function; fusion; genome; hcv; hepatitis; host; human; immune; immunity; induction; infected; infection; inhibition; initiation; innate; intracellular; lc3; like; lines; lipid; lysosomes; machinery; manipulation; maturation; mechanism; membrane; microscopy; molecular; non; ns4a; ns4b; nsp6; organelles; p62; particles; pathogens; pathway; poliovirus; presentation; process; production; progeny; protein; recent; related; release; replication; responses; results; rna; rna rna; rna viruses; role; selective; sites; specific; spread; structural; studies; study; vesicles; viral; virions; virus; viruses; zika; zikv
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        item: #86 of 171
          id: cord-279202-iyteg4h9
      author: Shesheer Kumar, Munpally
       title: Expression of alternate reading frame protein (F1) of hepatitis C virus in Escherichia coli and detection of antibodies for F1 in Indian patients
        date: 2008-01-05
       words: 2092
      flesch: 42
     summary: Recovery, persistence, and sequelae in hepatitis C virus infection: a perspective on long-term outcome Programmed ribosomal frameshifting in decoding the SARS-CoV genome Non-A, non-B hepatitis and the anti-HCV assay Translation of the F protein of hepatitis C virus is initiated at a non-AUG codon in a +1 reading frame relative to the polyprotein Functional properties of a 16 kDa protein translated from an alternative open reading frame of the core encoding genomic region of hepatitis C virus Unusual multiple recoding events leading to alternative forms of hepatitis C virus core protein from genotype 1b Triple decoding of hepatitis C virus RNA by programmed translational frameshifting Expression and identification of hepatitis C virus polyprotein cleavage products Transmission of hepatitis C by intrahepatic inoculation with transcribed RNA Comparative studies of the core gene products of two different hepatitis C virus isolates: two alternative forms determined by a single amino acid substitution Differential subcellular localization of hepatitis C virus core gene products Replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNAs in a hepatoma cell line Internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation in hepatitis C virus replication Classification, nomenclature, and database development for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related viruses: proposals for standardization Characterization of the expression of the hepatitis C virus F protein Viral heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus Processing and functions of hepatitis C virus proteins Molecular biology of hepatitis C virus Alternate translation occurs within the core coding region of the hepatitis C viral genome Evidence for a new hepatitis C virus antigen encoded in an overlapping reading frame Synthesis of a novel hepatitis C virus protein by ribosomal frame shift Hepatitis C virus f protein is a short lived protein associated with the endoplasmic reticulum Hepatitis C virus: an infectious molecular clone of a second major genotype (2a) and lack of viability of intertypic 1a and 2a chimeras MSK is highly grateful to the CSIR, Govt. of India, New Delhi, for the award of fellowship. This subcellular localization of HCV F1 protein is similar to that of the HCV core and NS5A proteins, raising the hypothesis that the F1 protein may participate in HCV morphogenesis or replication .
    keywords: analysis; antibodies; blot; coding; core; deduced; different; et al; expression; fig; frame; genotype; hcv; hepatitis; indian; non; patients; pet21b; polyprotein; positive; presence; protein; purified; reading; ribosomal; rna; sequence; sera; shift; site; tf1; translation; virus; western
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        item: #87 of 171
          id: cord-280330-ibvbowl0
      author: Lin, Liang-Tzung
       title: Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of chebulagic acid and punicalagin against viruses that use glycosaminoglycans for entry
        date: 2013-08-07
       words: 7377
      flesch: 40
     summary: Heparan sulphate proteoglycans fine-tune mammalian physiology Cellular glycosaminoglycans and low density lipoprotein receptor are involved in hepatitis C virus adsorption Cellular binding of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2 requires cell surface heparan sulfate Sequential isolation of proteoglycan synthesis mutants by using herpes simplex virus as a selective agent: evidence for a proteoglycan-independent virus entry pathway Cell surface receptors for herpes simplex virus are heparan sulfate proteoglycans The fusion glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus facilitates virus attachment and infectivity via an interaction with cellular heparan sulfate Heparin-like glycosaminoglycans prevent the infection of measles virus in SLAM-negative cell lines Initiation of human cytomegalovirus infection requires initial interaction with cell surface heparan sulfate Heparan sulfate proteoglycans initiate dengue virus infection of hepatocytes Viral and cellular determinants of the hepatitis C virus envelope-heparan sulfate interaction Characterization of the early steps of hepatitis C virus infection by using luciferase reporter viruses Envelope-dependent, cyclophilin-independent effects of glycosaminoglycans on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 attachment and infection Contribution of the respiratory syncytial virus G glycoprotein and its secreted and membrane-bound forms to virus replication in vitro and in vivo Identification of linear heparin-binding peptides derived from human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein that inhibit infectivity Hydrolyzable tannins (chebulagic acid and punicalagin) target viral glycoprotein-glycosaminoglycan interactions to inhibit herpes simplex virus 1 entry and cell-to-cell spread Important advances in the field of antidengue virus research Dissertation: University of Toronto Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B is required for virus entry and cell-to-cell spread but not for virion attachment, assembly, or egress Modified apoptotic molecule (BID) reduces hepatitis C virus infection in mice with chimeric human livers Cell culture-produced hepatitis C virus does not infect peripheral blood mononuclear cells Dramatic caspase-dependent apoptosis in antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection of human mast cells Murine host responses to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) following intranasal administration of a Protollin-adjuvanted, epitope-enhanced recombinant G protein vaccine Measles virus blind to its epithelial cell receptor remains virulent in rhesus monkeys but cannot cross the airway epithelium and is not shed Sulfated derivatives of Escherichia coli K5 capsular polysaccharide are potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus Specific inhibition of paramyxovirus and myxovirus replication by oligopeptides with amino acid sequences similar to those at the N-termini of the F1 or HA2 viral polypeptides Identification of the Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 cholesterol absorption receptor as a new hepatitis C virus entry factor Complete replication of hepatitis C virus in cell culture Advantages of a single-cycle production assay to study cell culture-adaptive mutations of hepatitis C virus Sulfated polysaccharides are potent and selective inhibitors of various enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus Role of the putative heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan-binding site of the adenovirus type 5 fiber shaft on liver detargeting and knob-mediated retargeting Heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans are involved in adenovirus type 5 and 2-host cell interactions Molecular umbrellas: a novel class of candidate topical microbicides to prevent human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus infections Vaccines: correlates of vaccine-induced immunity Monoclonal anti-claudin 1 antibodies prevent hepatitis C virus infection of primary human hepatocytes Drugs in development for influenza A broad-spectrum antiviral targeting entry of enveloped viruses Rigid amphipathic fusion inhibitors, small molecule antiviral compounds against enveloped viruses Squalamine as a broad-spectrum systemic antiviral agent with therapeutic potential Viral entry mechanisms: the increasing diversity of paramyxovirus entry Structural basis of viral invasion: lessons from paramyxovirus F Molecular mechanisms involved in the early steps of flavivirus cell entry Virus entry and innate immune activation Hepatitis C virus entry into hepatocytes: molecular mechanisms and targets for antiviral therapies Vaccines: past, present and future Heparin induced thrombocytopenia: diagnosis and management Repeated oral administration of high doses of the pomegranate ellagitannin punicalagin to rats for 37 days is not toxic Anti-hyperglycemic effect of chebulagic acid from the fruits of terminalia chebula retz Structural features and biological properties of ellagitannins in some plant families of the order myrtales Tannins and related compounds from combretaceae plants Tannins and related compounds.
    keywords: acid; activity; additional; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antiviral; assay; attachment; binding; broad; c virus; cell; cellular; chla; compounds; concentration; control; cytomegalovirus; denv-2; different; diluted; dmso; dose; drug; effective; effects; egfp; entry; experiments; expression; fbs; figure; file; foci; fusion; gags; glycoproteins; glycosaminoglycans; hcmv; hcv; heparin; hepatitis; herpes; host; host cell; human; incubation; independent; infected; infection; inhibition; inhibitors; initial; interaction; luciferase; measles; medium; membrane; method; monolayers; overlay; pbs; plaque; plates; post; potential; pug; receptor; respective; respiratory; rsv; simplex; size; specific; spectrum; spread; subsequent; sulfate; surface; table; tannins; test; therapeutic; therapies; times; treatment; type; usa; vaccines; viral; virus; viruses; wells
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        item: #88 of 171
          id: cord-280878-1kt51viz
      author: To, Janet
       title: Targeting the Channel Activity of Viroporins
        date: 2016-01-07
       words: 15340
      flesch: 29
     summary: Viral channel proteins in intracellular protein-protein communication: Vpu of HIV-1, E5 of HPV16 and p7 of HCV Mechanism of function of viral channel proteins and implications for drug development Structure-guided design affirms inhibitors of hepatitis C virus p7 as a viable class of antivirals targeting virion release Resistance mutations define specific antiviral effects for inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus p7 ion channel Function of the respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic protein Large-scale sequence analysis of M gene of influenza A viruses from different species: Mechanisms for emergence and spread of amantadine resistance Site-directed mutations in the Sindbis virus 6K protein reveal sites for fatty acylation and the underacylated protein affects virus release and virion structure Structure and ion channel activity of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) small hydrophobic protein transmembrane domain Two different conformations in hepatitis C virus p7 protein account for proton transport and dye release The small hydrophobic protein of the human respiratory syncytial virus forms pentameric ion channels Hepatitis C virus p7 is critical for capsid assembly and envelopment Agnoprotein of polyomavirus BK interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen and inhibits DNA replication Agnoprotein of mammalian polyomaviruses Development and validation of a high-throughput screening assay for the hepatitis C virus p7 viroporin TGEV corona virus ORF4 encodes a membrane protein that is incorporated into virions Development and application of hepatitis C reporter viruses with genotype 1 to 7 core-nonstructural protein 2 (NS2) expressing fluorescent proteins or luciferase in modified JFH1 NS5A A live, impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal disease Influence of amantadine resistance mutations on the pH regulatory function of the M2 protein of influenza A viruses Maturation of influenza A virus hemagglutinin-Estimates of the pH encountered during transport and its regulation by the M2 protein The p7 protein of hepatitis C virus forms an ion channel that is blocked by the antiviral drug Genotype-dependent sensitivity of hepatitis C virus to inhibitors of the p7 ion channel Structural and energetic analysis of drug inhibition of the influenza A M2 proton channel Free energy calculations on the two drug binding sites in the M2 proton channel The p7 polypeptide of hepatitis C virus is critical for infectivity and contains functionally important genotype-specific sequences Triatoma virus recombinant VP4 protein induces membrane permeability through dynamic pores Semliki Forest virus 6K protein modifies membrane permeability after inducible expression in Escherichia coli cells Essential roles of Leu/Ile/Phe-rich domain of JC virus agnoprotein in dimer/ oligomer formation, protein stability and splicing of viral transcripts Infection by agnoproteinnegative mutants of polyomavirus JC and SV40 results in the release of virions that are mostly deficient in DNA content Protection and mechanism of action of a novel human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate based on the extracellular domain of small hydrophobic protein Direct-acting antiviral agents and the path to interferon independence Structure and mechanism of the M2 proton channel of influenza A virus Identification of an ion channel activity of the Vpu transmembrane domain and its involvement in the regulation of virus release from HIV-1-infected cells Viroporins: Structure, function and potential as antiviral targets TLR2/MyD88/NF-kappa B pathway, reactive oxygen species, potassium efflux activates NLRP3/ASC inflammasome during respiratory syncytial virus infection Insight into the mechanism of the influenza A proton channel from a structure in a lipid bilayer Modular alpha-helical mimetics with antiviral activity against respiratory syncitial virus High frequency of resistant viruses harboring different mutations in amantadine-treated children with influenza The origin of Hepatitis C virus Mapping the interaction between the cytoplasmic domains of HIV-1 viral protein U and human CD4 with NMR spectroscopy The M, E, and N structural proteins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus are required for efficient assembly, trafficking, and release of virus-like particles HIV-1 Vpu protein antagonizes innate restriction factor BST-2 via lipid-embedded helix-helix interactions Exacerbated innate host response to SARS-CoV in aged non-human primates Hepatitis C virus p7 protein is crucial for assembly and release of infectious virions Determinants of hepatitis C virus p7 ion channel function and drug sensitivity identified in vitro Inhibition of hepatitis C virus p7 membrane channels in a liposome-based assay system Structural basis for the function and inhibition of an influenza virus proton channel
    keywords: active; activity; acute; adamantane; addition; agnoprotein; am2; amantadine; amino; amt; antiviral; assay; assembly; attenuated; available; bilayers; binding; biological; bit225; bm2; bundle; c virus; case; cells; channel; channel activity; channel inhibitors; characterization; chou; combination; complex; compounds; coronavirus; cov; critical; cross; current; cytoplasmic; data; design; development; different; direct; discovery; disruption; domain; drug; effects; efficacy; end; envelope; envelope protein; et al; example; expression; family; fig; formation; forms; foster; function; fusion; gan; gene; genome; genotype; golgi; gray; group; half; hcv; helical; helices; helix; hepatitis; high; hiv-1; hma; host; human; hydrophobic; hydrophobic protein; iav; immunodeficiency; important; increase; infected; infection; inflammasome; influenza; influenza virus; inhibition; inhibitors; interaction; interferon; intracellular; ion; ion channel; lamb; light; like; lipid; long; low; mechanism; membrane; membrane protein; micelles; model; molecule; monomer; montserret; mutant; mutations; near; new; nmr; novel; ns2; observed; ouyang; ouyang et; p7 channel; p7 protein; particles; pathogenesis; patients; peptide; permeability; polar; pore; potential; presence; print; production; protein; protein ion; proton; proton channel; recent; recombinant; region; release; replication; residues; resistance; respiratory; results; rim; rna; role; rsv; s31n; sars; severe; sh protein; similar; single; site; small; solution; specific; structure; studies; surface; syncytial; syncytial virus; syndrome; synthetic; target; terminal; therapeutic; tm domain; torres; transmembrane; treatment; type; v27a; version; viral; virions; viroporins; virus; virus m2; virus p7; virus release; viruses; vitro; vpu; vpu protein; wang; wild; years
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        item: #89 of 171
          id: cord-281389-sht0yx4a
      author: Tal, Michal Caspi
       title: Upregulation of CD47 Is a Host Checkpoint Response to Pathogen Recognition
        date: 2020-06-23
       words: 7669
      flesch: 40
     summary: When we compared CD47 expression levels within SIRP␣ lo and SIRP␣ hi DCs, we observed that CD47 expression was highest on SIRP␣ hi DCs (Fig. 3D ). Previous results demonstrating that malignant cells upregulate CD47 expression to evade cellular clearance (9, 31) led us to hypothesize that pathogens might also induce CD47 surface expression as an immune evasion mechanism.
    keywords: adaptive; addition; agents; analysis; anti; antibody; bacterial; blockade; blood; cancer; cd11b; cd47; cd47 expression; cd47 upregulation; cd8; cells; cfu; checkpoint; clone; controls; cov-2; cytokines; cytometry; data; day; days; dcs; dpi; experiments; expression; factor; fig; flow; gene; hcv; healthy; host; human; ifn-; immune; infected; infection; inflammatory; inhibitory; innate; isolated; lcmv; levels; lung; macrophages; mechanisms; medium; mice; mimic; min; monocytes; mouse; naive; pathogen; patients; pbmcs; pbs; phagocytosis; plasma; posttreatment; protein; prr; prrs; r848; receptors; recognition; responses; results; role; room; rpmi; salmonella; samples; sars; sensing; serum; signal; signaling; significant; single; sirp; specific; spleen; splenocytes; stanford; stimulation; strain; surface; target; temperature; time; tnf-; treatment; tuberculosis; type; typhi; upregulation; viral; virus; vitro; vivo
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        item: #90 of 171
          id: cord-281883-l9yshyc7
      author: Alekseeva, Ekaterina
       title: Enhancement of the expression of HCV core gene does not enhance core-specific immune response in DNA immunization: advantages of the heterologous DNA prime, protein boost immunization regimen
        date: 2009-06-08
       words: 7611
      flesch: 40
     summary: Here as well, a slow increase in the level of anti-core antibodies Expression of HCV core proteins Plasmids used for NIH 3T3 transfection Core expression (Units) was observed 35 days after a single gene injection as compared to levels detected at day 21 (data not shown). Ideally, HCV core could be eliminated by a specific vaccine-induced immune response.
    keywords: additional; amplified; anti; antibodies; antibody; antigen; balb; boost; boosting; c virus; cell; cellular; chronic; control; core; core aa; core expression; core gene; core protein; corresponding; data; denmark; development; different; dna; dose; effects; efficacy; encoding; expression; fig; fold; gene; hcv; hcv core; hepatitis; heterologous; high; higher; human; ifn-; igg; il-2; immune; immune response; immunity; immunization; immunogenicity; increase; initiation; injections; intracellular; levels; low; mice; mouse; patients; pbs; pcmvcoreires; pcmvcorekozak; peptides; plasmids; plates; potent; prime; production; proliferative; protein; rabbit; recombinant; regimen; region; response; results; secondary; secretion; sequence; signals; significant; single; specific; strong; system; th1; titer; transfection; translation; usa; vaccination; vaccine; viral; virus; virus core; weeks; xhoi
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        item: #91 of 171
          id: cord-281941-97t45w73
      author: Zhou, Daijun
       title: Cyclophilin A and viral infections
        date: 2012-08-10
       words: 3416
      flesch: 38
     summary: Our study showed that RV infection triggered a temporal increase of CyPA protein. Therefore, packaging of host CyPA into HIV particles is an important step in HIV morphogenesis and essential for HIV replication.
    keywords: activity; addition; assembly; binding; cd147; cells; cellular; cis; complex; cycle; cyclophilin; cypa; expression; gag; gene; hbsag; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; hiv-1; host; human; immunodeficiency; important; infection; infectivity; influenza; interaction; isomerase; nef; ns5a; particles; peptidyl; ppiase; prolyl; protein; replication; residues; response; rna; role; shbs; studies; target; transcription; viral; virions; virus; viruses; vpr
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        item: #92 of 171
          id: cord-284376-plwyjhl8
      author: Fu, Xinmiao
       title: Simulating and forecasting the cumulative confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 in China by Boltzmann function-based regression analyses
        date: 2020-05-31
       words: 14755
      flesch: 44
     summary: Increasing reports on human PRV infection cases in China have recently indicated that PRV poses a significant threat to public health in China, especially in people in close contact with sick pigs and/or related pork products/contaminants. Potential total numbers of confirmed cases in different regions were estimated.
    keywords: 2019; absence; addition; adults; age; analysis; animal; antibiotics; areas; assay; authors; available; bacterial; bal; boltzmann; care; cases; cfu; characteristics; children; china; chinese; chronic; clinical; close; colistin; colleagues; complete; contact; control; coronavirus; countries; cov-2; crkp; culture; cumulative; data; days; detection; determined; diagnosis; different; direct; disease; drugs; ehv; emergence; enterobacterales; epidemic; epidemiological; equine; europe; features; fever; fig; following; function; gene; government; group; hcv; health; hepatitis; high; hospital; hospitalized; hubei; human; immunosuppressive; infants; infected; infection; information; intervention; isolates; january; jirovecii; journal; key; klebsiella; laboratory; large; lassa; leishmaniasis; likely; lower; mcr; medical; molecular; n =; national; negative; neomycin; new; nigeria; non; novel; number; observed; oral; origin; outbreak; patients; pcr; people; period; personal; pertussis; pigs; pjp; plasmid; pneumocystis; pneumoniae; positive; potential; presence; present; prevalence; prevention; protective; province; prv; pseudorabies; psoriasis; public; rate; real; recent; regimens; related; reported; research; resistance; respiratory; response; results; review; risk; samples; sars; serotype; shipyard; significant; similar; spain; spd; species; specific; specimens; spread; standard; stool; strains; studies; study; subjects; susceptible; symptoms; table; testing; therapy; threat; time; total; transmission; treatment; unit; use; vaccination; vaccine; values; viral; virus; work; workers; wuhan; years
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        item: #93 of 171
          id: cord-284549-edliu3it
      author: Zhou, Hui
       title: Hepatitis C Virus NS2 Protein Suppresses RNA Interference in Cells
        date: 2019-11-27
       words: 4710
      flesch: 54
     summary: 1A , HCV NS2 protein can effectively restore the expression of RNAi-silenced EGFP (lane 4). Our results showed that the reversal effect of EGFP silencing could be observed at 48 hpt (Fig. 2C) , indicating that the VSR activity was dependent on the expression level of HCV NS2 protein.
    keywords: activity; anti; antibodies; antiviral; blotting; cells; control; dicer; different; dig; dsrna; egfp; encoding; et al; expression; fig; findings; flag; hcv; hcv ns2; hek293; hepatitis; hpt; human; immunity; interference; lane; levels; mammalian; mbp; mmol; mrna; multiple; myc; nonstructural; northern; ns2; pathway; plasmid; protein; rnai; rnas; silencing; sirna; small; specific; supplementary; suppression; total; viral; virus; viruses; vsr; vsrs
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        item: #94 of 171
          id: cord-284551-j0nooxmd
      author: Shinohara, Yoshiyasu
       title: Unfolded protein response pathways regulate Hepatitis C virus replication via modulation of autophagy
        date: 2013-03-08
       words: 3576
      flesch: 42
     summary: In this study, we attempted to examine the influence on HCV replication of the UPR-autophagy pathways, using a genomelength HCV RNA (strain O of genotype 1b) replication system (OR6) with luciferase as the reporter, which facilitated prompt and precise monitoring of HCV RNA replication in hepatoma cells (HuH-7-derived OR6 cells). Some groups have used the siRNA silencing approach to show that autophagy is required for HCV RNA replication.
    keywords: activation; alpha; anti; assay; autophagy; cc50; cells; combined; control; e-5; ec50; eif2; endoplasmic; fig; hand; hcv; hepatitis; inhibited; inhibitor; ire1; jnk; jun; lc3; or6; or6 cells; or6c; pathways; pbs; phosphatase; protein; replication; response; results; reticulum; rna; salubrinal; signaling; sp600125; stress; system; treatment; unfolded; upr; values; virus; xbp-1; xbp1
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        item: #95 of 171
          id: cord-284693-mgpxnnk0
      author: Jothimani, Dinesh
       title: Post Liver transplant recurrent and de novo viral infections
        date: 2020-09-26
       words: 6350
      flesch: 30
     summary: Initial report from the US epicenter COVID-19 in an international European liver transplant recipient cohort COVID-19 in long-term liver transplant patients: preliminary experience from an Italian transplant centre in Lombardy Determining risk factors for mortality in liver transplant patients with COVID-19 Chronic Infection With Camelid Hepatitis E Virus in a Liver Transplant Recipient Who Regularly Consumes Camel Meat and Milk Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries Prevalence and clinical consequences of Hepatitis E in patients who underwent liver transplantation for chronic Hepatitis C in the United States Hepatitis E virus and chronic hepatitis in organ-transplant recipients Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients--a single-center experience Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in liver transplant recipients Hepatitis E virus infection without reactivation in solid-organ transplant recipients, France. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues Lymphomas occurring late after solid-organ transplantation: influence of treatment on the clinical outcome Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder--the great mimic in liver transplantation: appraisal of the clinicopathologic spectrum and the role of Epstein-Barr virus virus and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid organ transplantation Sequential treatment with rituximab followed by CHOP chemotherapy in adult B-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD): the prospective international multicentre phase 2 PTLD-1 trial Therapeutic options in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders Age-specific prevalence of infection with herpes simplex virus types 2 and 1: a global review Herpes Simplex Virus Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Infections with cytomegalovirus and other herpesviruses in 121 liver transplant recipients: transmission by donated organ and the effect of OKT3 antibodies Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell or Solid Organ Transplantation Transplant Infections Infections after liver transplantation Infections in solid-organ transplant recipients Oral acyclovir therapy for mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised marrow transplant recipients Absolute bioavailability and metabolic disposition of valaciclovir, the L-valyl ester of acyclovir, following oral administration to humans Herpes simplex virus in solid organ transplantation Incidence and risk factors for herpes zoster in patients undergoing liver transplantation Herpes zoster after liver transplantation: incidence, risk factors, and complications Varicella zoster virus in solid organ transplantation Classification of HHV-6A and HHV-6B as distinct viruses Update on human herpesvirus 6 biology, clinical features, and therapy Latent human herpesvirus 6 infection of human monocytes/macrophages The prevalence of chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6 genomes in the blood of UK blood donors et pediatric liver transplant patients HHV-6A, 6B, and 7: persistence in the population, epidemiology and transmission Human herpesvirus-6 infection after liver transplantation Clinical impact of human herpesvirus 6 infection after liver transplantation in syncytial giant-cell hepatitis Detection of HHV-6 in over a thousand samples: new types of infection revealed by an analysis of antigenemia related to CMV infection after liver transplantation Co-infection and clinical impact of human herpesvirus 5 and 6 in liver transplantation Human herpesvirus-6 in liver transplant recipients: role in pathogenesis of fungal infections, neurologic complications, and outcome and cytomegalovirus DNA in liver donor biopsies and their correlation with HLA matches and acute cellular rejection Acute hepatitis with periportal confluent necrosis associated with human herpesvirus 6 infection in liver transplant patients Encephalitis caused by human herpesvirus-6 in a liver transplant recipient Treating HHV-6 Infections Diagnosis and Clinical Management HHV-6 in liver transplantation: A literature review
    keywords: advanced; adverse; allograft; analysis; antiviral; child; chronic; cirrhosis; clinical; cmv; combination; covid-19; cytomegalovirus; daa; daclatasvir; decompensated; decompensation; diagnosis; disease; donor; drugs; dysfunction; early; effective; efficacy; european; events; factors; failure; fibrosis; genotype; hepatic; hepatitis; herpes; hev; high; higher; human; immunosuppression; impact; improved; improvement; infection; liver; liver transplantation; long; low; lymphoproliferative; management; meld; months; mortality; organ; patients; positive; post; posttransplant; prevalence; progression; prophylaxis; pugh; rates; reactivation; recipients; recurrent; rejection; related; rhcv; ribavirin; risk; rna; score; severe; significant; sofosbuvir; solid; studies; study; survival; svr; svr12; therapy; time; transplantation; treatment; trial; untreated; use; viral; virus; weeks; year
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        item: #96 of 171
          id: cord-284904-qw1ig2v4
      author: Mizui, Tomokazu
       title: Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by chloroquine targeting virus-associated autophagy
        date: 2009-09-17
       words: 4119
      flesch: 44
     summary: The reference wavelength was 650 nm. Inhibition of autophagy and replication of HCV replicon Cells were treated with 3-methyladenine (10 mM) or mixture of E64d (1 lg/ml) and pepstatin A (1 lg/ml), chloroquine (10 -7 -10 -3 M), interferon (IFN)a (100 U/ml) for 18 h, the levels of replication of HCV replicon were assessed by luciferase assay. In HCV replicon cells treated by chloroquine, luciferase activities recovered to 53 and 88% on 7 and 21 days after cessation of treatment.
    keywords: anti; antiviral; assay; autolysosomes; autophagosomes; autophagy; cells; chloroquine; combination; control; days; degradation; drugs; e64d; effect; feo; fig; hcv; hcv replicon; hepatitis; hiv; huh7; ifna; incubation; inhibition; interferon; long; luciferase; methyladenine; mixture; number; patients; pepstatin; pkr; protein; proteolysis; replication; replicon; results; rna; role; sirna; therapy; transfection; treatment; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #97 of 171
          id: cord-284978-vh1x6pg9
      author: Jang, Hongje
       title: Discovery of Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Helicase Inhibitors by a Multiplexed, High‐Throughput Helicase Activity Assay Based on Graphene Oxide
        date: 2013-02-18
       words: 2983
      flesch: 46
     summary: Herein, we developed a multiplexed helicase assay based on graphene oxide (GO) for high-throughput screening of inhibitors of HCV NS3 helicase and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) helicase. [10] Herein, we show that the GOHA can be used for measuring the activities of HCV NS3 helicase and SARS CoV helicase in a single mixed solution using two distinct DNA substrates tethered to different fluorophores, and furthermore, for multiplexed high-throughput screening to discover highly selective small-molecule inhibitors of these helicases ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: activities; activity; addition; antihcv; antisars; assay; atpase; cells; compounds; cov; cy3; cy5; discovery; dna; drug; figure; fluorescence; goha; hcv; hel-1; helicase; hels; high; inhibition; inhibitors; library; luciferase; mtt; ns3; ns3 helicase; protease; replication; rna; sars; screen; screening; serine; specific; throughput; treatment
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        item: #98 of 171
          id: cord-285505-8norumv6
      author: Vere Hodge, R. Anthony
       title: Meeting report: 27th International conference on antiviral research, in Raleigh, NC, USA
        date: 2014-09-16
       words: 10298
      flesch: 57
     summary: These are followed by brief summaries of the keynote addresses and the three mini-symposia on 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Research Triangle Park' and 'Challenges in HIV infection, treatment and prevention'. Although this patient continues to have no sign of HIV infection, this is hardly a viable treatment option for most HIV-infected patients.
    keywords: active; activity; adrian; analog; antiviral; approach; art; assay; award; bcx4430; bdcrb; cancer; carolina; cccdna; cells; chronic; clinical; combination; compounds; contrast; core; couples; culture; cure; current; daily; days; different; disease; dna; doses; dosing; drug; early; effective; example; fig; form; ftc; good; group; gs-6620; hbv; hcmv; hcv; hdv; hepatitis; hepatocytes; high; higher; hiv; hntcp; human; icar; increase; infected; infection; inhibitor; integrated; latent; levels; liver; load; long; low; major; maribavir; mitochondrial; model; monkeys; myron; new; north; novel; nuc1; nucleotide; oral; patients; phase; piet; plasma; polymerase; possible; potential; prep; prevention; prodrug; progress; protection; protein; rate; reduction; replication; research; resistance; rna; single; siv; sofosbuvir; strains; studies; study; subjects; synthesis; system; taf; target; tdf; tfv; therapy; time; tissues; transcription; transmission; treatment; trial; triphosphate; university; usa; use; viral; virus; work; years
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        item: #99 of 171
          id: cord-285868-fz5utxss
      author: Jheng, Jia-Rong
       title: ER stress, autophagy, and RNA viruses
        date: 2014-08-05
       words: 9417
      flesch: 25
     summary: Alteration of ER functions results from stress signals by RNA virus infection, by the exploitation of ER membrane for viral replication, rapid accumulation of viral proteins, imbalance of calcium concentration by viroporin, and the sabotage or depletion of ER membrane for viral release. the synthesis of viral protein and RNA was restored.
    keywords: accumulation; activation; activity; addition; antiviral; apoptosis; assembly; atf4; atf6; atg12; autophagosome; autophagy; beta; binding; c virus; calcium; cells; cellular; chaperone; chen; chop; cleavage; complex; complexes; control; cytoplasm; death; degradation; dengue; denv2; dependent; double; downstream; eif2α; encephalitis; endoplasmic; envelope; erad; essential; et al; ev71; expression; factor; figure; folding; formation; functions; gene; glycoprotein; glycosylation; grp78; hcv; hepatitis; host; hsp72; human; ifn; immune; induction; infected; infection; influenza; inhibitor; initiation; intracellular; ire1; japanese; jev; jnk; kinase; knockdown; lc3; like; mammalian; mechanism; membrane; mrna; nonstructural; nsp4; orf2; overexpression; pathogenesis; pathway; perk; phosphorylation; pkr; production; protein; protein response; regulation; related; release; replication; research; response; results; reticulum; ridd; rna; role; rotavirus; signaling; specific; splicing; strategy; stress; studies; study; synthesis; system; target; terminal; transcriptional; translation; transmembrane; treatment; type; ubiquitin; ulk1; unfolded; unfolded protein; upr; viral; viral protein; virus; virus infection; virus replication; viruses; xbp1
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        item: #100 of 171
          id: cord-286334-d9v5xtx7
      author: Li, Rui
       title: Analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) from different species sheds some light on cross-species receptor usage of a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV
        date: 2020-04-30
       words: 12986
      flesch: 42
     summary: Several strategies may help reduce the threat of AIV to equines, including reducing exposure of equines to poultry, birds, and other hosts of IAV, especially animals with clinical signs of influenza virus infection; monitoring AIV prevalence in domestic poultry around equines and routinely vaccinating domestic poultry with AIV vaccines; vaccinating susceptible equines with EI vaccines, especially farming equines in close contact with domestic poultry; and monitoring the prevalence of multiple AIV subtypes in equines, not merely that of those restricted to H3N8 subtype. 5 Low humidity and temperature increased the stability of influenza virus in aerosols and on surfaces.
    keywords: 16s; 6xi; a(h1n1)pdm09; a(h3n2; ace2; acid; acute; addition; adults; african; aiv; analysis; animals; auc; authors; avian; bacterial; bacterial pneumonia; cases; cd5l; changes; characterized; chikungunya; chikv; china; chinese; clinical; close; complete; considered; contact; control; coronavirus; correlation; covid-19; cross; csf; current; daa; daily; data; day; deaths; diagnosis; different; direct; dna; domestic; ecmo; eiv; epidemic; epidemiological; equines; errors; failure; farming; feb; fever; fig; gene; genetic; genome; genotype; global; gram; h3n8; hbcab; hbsag; hbv; hcv; health; hepatitis; high; higher; hiv; hospital; hubei; human; humidity; icu; identification; increase; infected; infection; influenza; influenza virus; information; interest; isolated; journal; levels; lineage; low; mainland; meningitis; minion; mortality; mouse; national; ncov; negative; new; non; novel; number; outbreak; p72; parameters; pathogen; patients; pneumonia; positive; potential; poultry; present; previous; protein; provinces; rate; reactivation; reads; recent; receptor; recombination; regions; research; residues; resistance; respiratory; result; rrna; samples; science; seasonal; seasonality; sequences; sequencing; serum; severe; southernmost; species; strains; studies; study; subtype; supplementary; surveillance; swine; system; table; temperature; therapy; threat; time; total; transmission; treatment; viral; virus; viruses; work; xxvi; years; yunnan
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        item: #101 of 171
          id: cord-286719-1xjmlwqr
      author: Draz, Mohamed Shehata
       title: Applications of gold nanoparticles in virus detection
        date: 2018-02-15
       words: 19000
      flesch: 33
     summary: In addition, we provide a general summary of the contributions of AuNPs to the mainstream methods of virus detection, technical measures, and recommendations required in guidance toward commercial in-field applications. Toward this endeavor and beyond the pitfalls of current immunological and molecular techniques commonly applied to virus detection, several new approaches based on nanoparticles (NPs) have recently been developed.
    keywords: acid; activity; addition; africa; aggregation; amplification; antibodies; antibody; antigen; applications; applied; approaches; area; array; assay; aunps; available; b virus; barcode; biomolecules; biotin; cancer; capture; catalytic; cause; cells; change; characteristics; chip; chronic; clinical; colorimetric; colorimetric detection; common; concentration; conjugates; conjugation; control; core; coronavirus; current; cy3; deposition; detected; detection; detection limit; detection methods; detection techniques; developed; development; diagnostic; different; direct; diseases; dls; dna; dna detection; dna probes; drugs; early; ebola; effective; efficient; electrical; electrochemical; electrochemical detection; electrode; enhanced; enhancement; enzyme; family; fever; fig; flow; fluorescence; fluorometric; form; fret; functions; genera; genome; genus; global; gold; h1n1; hav; hbsag; hbv; hbv dna; hcmv; hcv; health; hepatitis; herpes; high; hiv; hpv; hrp; human; hybridization; icp; immobilized; immunoassay; immunological; important; infection; influenza; international; kaposi; known; kshv; label; large; lateral; light; like; limit; lspr; magnetic; main; management; metal; methods; molecular; molecular detection; multiple; nanoparticles; new; novel; nucleic; numerous; outbreaks; papillomavirus; pcr; plasmon; positive; presence; probes; properties; proteins; protocol; qcm; quenching; raman; range; rapid; reaction; red; reduction; reported; resonance; respiratory; results; review; rna; rvfv; sandwich; sarcoma; sars; scanometric; scanometric detection; scattering; scheme; sense; sensing; sensitive; sensitive detection; sensitivity; sequences; serological; sers; shape; signal; significant; silver; similar; simple; single; size; species; specific; specific dna; specificity; spherical; ssdna; stability; staining; step; streptavidin; stripping; structures; studies; surface; syndrome; synthesis; systems; table; target; target dna; target virus; taxonomy; techniques; test; testing; time; traditional; treatment; types; vaccine; viral; virus; virus detection; virus dna; viruses; wide; world
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        item: #102 of 171
          id: cord-289321-ahl46ql9
      author: van Buuren, Nicholas
       title: Transmission genetics of drug-resistant hepatitis C virus
        date: 2018-03-28
       words: 7846
      flesch: 42
     summary: Finally, the cis-dominance of Daclatasvir-resistant WT-Y93H was observed when coinfected with drug susceptible virus (S) in the absence and presence of Daclatasvir ( Figure 4H ). A Novel RNA ISH Multicolor Application for Flow Cytometry Efficient rescue of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by transcomplementation with nonstructural protein 5A Boceprevir for previously treated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection Kinetic and structural analyses of hepatitis C virus polyprotein processing Daclatasvir-like inhibitors of NS5A block early biogenesis of hepatitis C virus-induced membranous replication factories, independent of RNA replication Permissive secondary mutations enable the evolution of influenza oseltamivir resistance Daclatasvir Prevents Hepatitis C Virus Infectivity by Blocking Transfer of the Viral Genome to Assembly Sites The capsid-spacer peptide 1 Gag processing intermediate is a dominant-negative inhibitor of HIV-1 maturation Complete three-dimensional structures of picornaviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases Trans-dominant inhibition of RNA viral replication can slow growth of drugresistant viruses Coronaviruses resistant to a 3C-like protease inhibitor are attenuated for replication and pathogenesis, revealing a low genetic barrier but high fitness cost of resistance Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for HCV infection General catalytic deficiency of hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase with an S282T mutation and mutually exclusive resistance towards 2'-modified nucleotide van Oral direct-acting agent therapy for hepatitis c virus infection: a systematic review Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin Combining oncolytic virotherapy and cytotoxic therapies to fight cancer Distinct functions of NS5A in hepatitis C virus RNA replication uncovered by studies with the NS5A inhibitor BMS-790052 Chemical genetics strategy identifies an HCV NS5A inhibitor with a potent clinical effect Antiviral activity and resistance of HCV NS5A replication complex inhibitors HCV NS5A replication complex inhibitors Dominant negative effect of wild-type NS5A on NS5A-adapted subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNA replicon Virus mutation frequencies can be greatly underestimated by monoclonal antibody neutralization of virions Telaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection Cell culture and infection system for hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus RNA replication depends on specific cis-and trans-acting activities of viral nonstructural proteins Origins of combination therapy for tuberculosis: lessons for future antimicrobial development and application My cousin, my enemy: quasispecies suppression of drug resistance Ná jera I. 2006.
    keywords: absence; analysis; antibodies; antiviral; assembly; biln-2061; capsid; cells; cis; codon; complexes; confocal; constructs; core; culture; cytometry; daclatasvir; different; dominance; dominant; droplets; drug; drug resistance; dual; et al; figure; fitness; flow; gao; genetic; genomes; gfp; hcv; hcvcc; hepatitis; high; human; infected; infection; inhibitors; invitrogen; jfh1; kit; life; likely; lipid; membrane; microscopy; mixed; molecules; mutations; negative; ns3/4a; ns5a; number; observed; oligomers; outgrowth; patients; plasmid; polymerase; population; positive; presence; present; probes; protease; proteins; ptm; replication; rescue; resistant; reverse; rna; samples; selection; single; sofosbuvir; specific; sr2486; strand; structures; susceptibility; susceptible; target; trans; transfection; treatment; type; variants; viral; virus; viruses; vrna; wild; y93n
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        item: #103 of 171
          id: cord-291321-ao80xk11
      author: Khan, Mohsin
       title: Mitochondrial dynamics and viral infections: A close nexus
        date: 2015-10-31
       words: 9802
      flesch: 22
     summary: Currently, the precise role of mitochondrial fission in apoptosis is not clearly defined, however the anti-apoptotic Bcl2 family members in their pursuit to promote cellular adaptability to various stressful conditions may modulate mitochondrial dynamics. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity Mitochondria: more than just a powerhouse Mitochondria: a historical review Mitochondria: dynamic organelles in disease, aging, and development Functions and dysfunctions of mitochondrial dynamics Abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and neurodegenerative diseases Hepatitis B virus disrupts mitochondrial dynamics: induces fission and mitophagy to attenuate apoptosis Hepatitis C virus triggers mitochondrial fission and attenuates apoptosis to promote viral persistence Hepatitis C virus induces the mitochondrial translocation of Parkin and subsequent mitophagy Viruses as modulators of mitochondrial functions A renewed focus on the interplay between viruses and mitochondrial metabolism The interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy Mitochondrial dynamics-fusion, fission, movement, and mitophagy-in neurodegenerative diseases Autophagy is important in islet homeostasis and compensatory increase of beta cell mass in response to high-fat diet Selective and continuous elimination of mitochondria microinjected into mouse eggs from spermatids, but not from liver cells, occurs throughout embryogenesis Autophagy in embryonic erythroid cells: its role in maturation Parkin overexpression selects against a deleterious mtDNA mutation in heteroplasmic cybrid cells Fusion of mitochondria in mammalian cells is dependent on the mitochondrial inner membrane potential and independent of microtubules or actin Mitophagy selectively degrades individual damaged mitochondria after photoirradiation Fission and selective fusion govern mitochondrial segregation and elimination by autophagy Mitochondrial fusion, fission and autophagy as a quality control axis: the bioenergetic view The mitochondrial permeability transition initiates autophagy in rat hepatocytes High levels of Fis1, a pro-fission mitochondrial protein, trigger autophagy Giant mitochondria do not fuse and exchange their contents with normal mitochondria Mitochondrial fusion in yeast requires the transmembrane GTPase Fzo1p Developmentally regulated mitochondrial fusion mediated by a conserved, novel, predicted GTPase Mitofusins Mfn1 and Mfn2 coordinately regulate mitochondrial fusion and are essential for embryonic development Control of mitochondrial morphology by a human mitofusin Disruption of fusion results in mitochondrial heterogeneity and dysfunction Primary structure of a dynamin-related mouse mitochondrial GTPase and its distribution in brain, subcellular localization, and effect on mitochondrial morphology Fusion and fission: interlinked processes critical for mitochondrial health Mitofusins and OPA1 mediate sequential steps in mitochondrial membrane fusion OPA1 processing controls mitochondrial fusion and is regulated by mRNA splicing, membrane potential, and Yme1L SIRT3 deacetylates and activates OPA1 to regulate mitochondrial dynamics during stress Inducible proteolytic inactivation of OPA1 mediated by the OMA1 protease in mammalian cells Regulation of OPA1 processing and mitochondrial fusion by m-AAA protease isoenzymes and OMA1 Stress-induced OMA1 activation and autocatalytic turnover regulate OPA1-dependent mitochondrial dynamics Stress-induced phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of mitofusin 2 facilitates mitochondrial fragmentation and apoptosis Proteasome and p97 mediate mitophagy and degradation of mitofusins induced by Parkin Fis1, Mff, MiD49, and MiD51 mediate Drp1 recruitment in mitochondrial fission MiD49 and MiD51, new components of the mitochondrial fission machinery ER tubules mark sites of mitochondrial division An actin-dependent step in mitochondrial fission mediated by the ER-associated formin INF2 The mitochondrial protein hFis1 regulates mitochondrial fission in mammalian cells through an interaction with the dynamin-like protein DLP1 Roles of the mammalian mitochondrial fission and fusion mediators Fis1, Drp1, and Opa1 in apoptosis
    keywords: accumulation; activation; activity; alterations; altered; antiviral; apoptosis; apoptotic; autophagy; bax; calcium; cells; cellular; complex; control; cytochrome; damage; death; defective; degradation; dependent; disease; drp-1; drp1; dynamics; dynamin; edm; effect; enhanced; expression; facilitate; fis1; fission; fragmentation; functions; fusion; gtpase; hbv; hbx; hcv; healthy; hepatitis; homeostasis; host; human; ifn; immune; immunity; impaired; important; induction; infected; infection; influenza; inhibition; innate; inner; interaction; kinase; lc3; ligase; like; lysosomes; mammalian; mavs; mechanism; membrane; metabolism; mff; mfn1; mfn2; mfns; mitochondrial; mitochondrial dynamics; mitochondrial fission; mitochondrial membrane; mitophagy; morphology; oma1; omm; opa1; outer; overexpression; oxidative; p62; parkin; pathogenesis; pathways; phosphorylation; physiological; pink1; potential; process; processes; production; protease; proteasomal; protein; quality; recent; recruitment; regulate; release; replication; residue; response; results; role; ros; signaling; sites; stress; studies; study; subsequent; ubiquitin; ulk1; viral; virus; viruses; vmia
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        item: #104 of 171
          id: cord-292940-kg1rl6rb
      author: Butt, Adeel A.
       title: Rates and Characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Persons with Hepatitis C Virus Infection
        date: 2020-10-02
       words: 1853
      flesch: 50
     summary: We undertook this study to determine infection rate and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection among persons with HCV infection. We compared the incidence rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in our HCV positive group with persons without HCV infection.
    keywords: cirrhosis; cov-2; covid-19; disease; erchives; fibrosis; hcv; hepatitis; higher; impact; incidence; infection; liver; patients; persons; rate; sars; similar; stage; study; veterans; virus
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        item: #105 of 171
          id: cord-293646-d4qcckh1
      author: Meanwell, Nicholas A.
       title: Chapter 22. Non-HIV antiviral agents
        date: 2003-12-31
       words: 4188
      flesch: 38
     summary: The development of the HCV replicon system and its application to screening for antiviral agents provided tangible benefit with the disclosure of mechanistically and structurally diverse HCV inhibitors. The development of the first HCV replicon system in 1998 and its application to screening for antiviral agents is beginning to provide tangible benefit with the disclosure of mechanistically and structurally diverse HCV inhibitors.
    keywords: 3tc; active; activity; adefovir; agents; analogues; antiviral; biln-2061; cell; clinical; culture; derivatives; development; dna; dose; ec50; efficacy; hbv; hcmv; hcv; hepatitis; hiv; host; hsv; human; infections; influenza; inhibitors; levels; load; moiety; molecule; mortality; non; ns3; nucleoside; oral; patients; polymerase; potent; potential; protease; protein; recent; reduction; related; replication; replicons; resistant; respiratory; rna; rsv; sars; second; september; series; serine; significant; small; structural; therapy; treatment; trials; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #106 of 171
          id: cord-293653-u2qrxq6t
      author: Watashi, Koichi
       title: Cyclophilin and Viruses: Cyclophilin as a Cofactor for Viral Infection and Possible Anti-Viral Target
        date: 2007-02-05
       words: 4900
      flesch: 34
     summary: and they can act as potent chemoattractants for neutrophils (Sherry et al. 1992) , eosinophils (Xu et al. 1992) , and T cells (Allain et al. 2002) . From the results, the hypothesis was proposed by Luban et al.
    keywords: activation; activity; anti; binding; calcium; cd147; cells; cellular; ciency; cis; csa; cycle; cyclophilin; cyclosporin; cypa; cypb; cypd; cyps; death; dependent; development; effects; essential; et al; expression; factor; family; fk506; fkbp; function; genome; hcv; hepatitis; host; human; identifi; immunodefi; immunophilin; immunosuppressive; important; infection; inhibition; interaction; isomerase; itk; life; membrane; mitochondrial; novel; ns5b; nuclear; peptidyl; prolactin; prolyl; protein; receptor; regulates; replication; response; restriction; rna; role; signal; specifi; target; transcription; treatment; type; viral; virus; viruses; vsv; watashi
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        item: #107 of 171
          id: cord-293790-7hyelm88
      author: Guévin, Carl
       title: Autophagy protein ATG5 interacts transiently with the hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase (NS5B) early during infection
        date: 2010-09-01
       words: 5285
      flesch: 47
     summary: Furthermore, ATG5 protein colocalizes with NS4B, a constituent of the membranous web. To demonstrate a physical interaction between ATG5 and NS5B proteins, we performed co-IP on radio-inert or metabolically labeled yeast cells coexpressing ATG5 and NS5B. We used yeast cells in this study because cotransfection of Huh-7 cells with c-myc-NS5B and HAtagged ATG5 resulted in a low level expression of ATG5 protein.
    keywords: amino; anti; antibody; atg5; autophagy; band; buffer; cdna; cells; cellular; clones; complex; dmvs; domain; dpi; et al; expression; extracts; fig; formation; gene; hapg5; hcv; hepatitis; hours; huh7; human; hybrid; immunoprecipitated; induced; infected; infection; interaction; lane; medium; membrane; membranous; min; mizushima; monoclonal; myc; ns4b; ns5b; ns5bδ21; panel; pbs; pcr; pgbkt7; plasmids; positive; protein; replication; rna; sds; sirna; size; strain; system; terminal; vesicles; viral; virus; viruses; web; yeast
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        item: #108 of 171
          id: cord-293857-o8rlqsq5
      author: Ghosh, Arun K.
       title: Organic Carbamates in Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
        date: 2015-01-07
       words: 18292
      flesch: 35
     summary: Improved oral bioavailability, dose proportionality, and colonic absorption compared with gabapentin in rats and monkeys ] aminomethyl)-1-cyclohexane acetic acid], a novel gabapentin prodrug: I. Design, synthesis, enzymatic conversion to gabapentin, and transport by intestinal solute transporters Clinical pharmacokinetics of XP13512, a novel transported prodrug of gabapentin Hydrolysis of capecitabine to 5′-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine by human carboxylesterases and inhibition by loperamide Design of a novel oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate, capecitabine, which generates 5-fluorouracil selectively in tumours by enzymes concentrated in human liver and cancer tissue Rational development of capecitabine Capecitabine: a review Profound and sustained inhibition of platelet aggregation by Fradafiban, a nonpeptide platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist, and its orally active prodrug, Lefradafiban, in men Bis-tetrahydrofuran: a privileged ligand for darunavir and a new generation of hiv protease inhibitors that combat drug resistance Enhancing protein backbone bindinga fruitful concept for combating drug-resistant HIV Crystal structure of an in vivo HIV-1 protease mutant in complex with saquinavir: insights into the mechanisms of drug resistance Potent HIV protease inhibitors: the development of tetrahydrofuranylglycines as novel P2-ligands and pyrazine amides as P3-ligands Anti-HIV protease inhibitor Darunavir Inhibitors of HIV-1 protease containing the novel and potent (R)-(hydroxyethyl)sulfonamide isostere Design and synthesis of Amprenavir, a novel HIV protease inhibitor The development of cyclic sulfolanes as novel and high-affinity P2 ligands for HIV-1 protease inhibitors Nonpeptidal P2 ligands for HIV protease inhibitors: structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation Structure-based design of non-peptide HIV protease inhibitors Potent HIV protease inhibitors incorporating high-affinity P2-ligands and (R)-(hydroxyethylamino)sulfonamide isostere High resolution crystal structures of HIV-1 protease with a potent non-peptide inhibitor (UIC-94017) active against multi-drug-resistant clinical strains Ultra-high resolution crystal structure of HIV-1 protease mutant reveals two binding sites for clinical inhibitor TMC114 A potent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, UIC-94003 (TMC-126), and selection of a novel (A28S) mutation in the protease active site Potent inhibition of HIV-1 replication by novel nonpeptidyl small molecule inhibitors of protease dimerization Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus Darunavir, a conceptually new HIV-1 protease inhibitor for the treatment of drugresistant HIV Darunavir, a new PI with dual mechanism: from a novel drug design concept to new hope against drug-resistant HIV Stereoselective photochemical 1,3-dioxolane addition to 5-alkoxymethyl-2(5H)-furanone: synthesis of bis-tetrahydrofuranyl ligand for HIV protease inhibitor UIC-94017 (TMC-114) Synthesis and optical resolution of high affinity P2-ligands for HIV-1 protease inhibitors A novel bistetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385 Suppression of HIV-1 protease inhibitor resistance by phosphonate-mediated solvent anchoring TMC310911, a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, shows in vitro an improved resistance profile and higher genetic barrier to resistance compared with current protease inhibitors Flexible cyclic ethers/polyethers as novel P2-ligands for HIV-1 protease inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation Probing multidrug-resistance and protein-ligand interactions with oxatricyclic designed ligands in HIV-1 protease inhibitors GRL-04810 and GRL-05010, difluoride-containing nonpeptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) that inhibit the replication of multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 in vitro and possess favorable lipophilicity that may allow blood-brain barrier penetration The discovery of β-secretase and development toward a clinical inhibitor for AD: an exciting academic collaboration Design of potent inhibitors for human brain memapsin 2 (βsecretase) A wide variety of human rhinovirus 3C (HRV 3C) protease inhibitors were developed by the incorporation of α,βunsaturated carbonyl moieties as warheads.
    keywords: acid; active; activity; acyl; affinity; alcohols; aliphatic; alkoxycarbonylation; alkyl; alpha; amide; amines; amino; anti; antiviral; application; aromatic; aryl; authors; azides; backbone; basis; beta; bioavailability; biological; bis; bond; bonding; brain; capecitabine; carbamate; carbamate derivatives; carbamate synthesis; carbonates; carbonyl; carbonylation; carboxylic; case; catalyst; catalytic; catalyzed; cathepsin; chemical; chemistry; clan; class; clinical; complex; compounds; concentration; conditions; context; convenient; conversion; corresponding; covalent; critical; crystal; curtius; cyclic; cysteine; darunavir; derivatives; design; development; dioxide; direct; discovery; disease; drug; drv; effective; effects; efficient; elastase; endocannabinoid; enzyme; esters; evaluation; excellent; faah; fatty; fda; felbamate; figure; formation; free; functionality; gabapentin; gamma; general; generation; good; group; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv protease; hiv-1; hofmann; human; hydrogen; hydrolase; hydrolysis; immunodeficiency; important; improved; indium; inhibition; inhibitors; interactions; isocyanate; ketoamide; key; large; ligand; like; liver; low; magl; major; mechanism; medicinal; metabolism; method; methodologies; methyl; mild; mixed; modified; moiety; molecular; molecules; new; novel; ns3; ns5a; number; oco; optimization; oral; organic; organic carbamates; oxygen; papain; particular; patients; peptide; peptidyl; pharmacokinetic; phase; phenol; phosgene; plasma; potency; potent; potent inhibitors; potential; preparation; presence; primary; prodrugs; profile; properties; protease; protease inhibitors; protein; ray; reaction; reactive; reagents; rearrangement; recent; receptor; reductive; related; release; residues; resistant; result; ritonavir; role; rotamer; salts; scheme; secondary; secretase; secretase inhibitors; section; selective; selectivity; series; serine; serine protease; site; solid; solution; stability; strategy; structure; studies; subsequent; subsite; substrates; suitable; synthesis; synthetic; system; table; target; therapeutic; therapy; thf; toxicity; treatment; triad; triethylamine; type; ureas; urethanes; use; useful; variety; virus; vitro; vivo; workers; years; zafirlukast
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        item: #109 of 171
          id: cord-294842-aesiff1f
      author: Romero-Brey, Inés
       title: Membranous Replication Factories Induced by Plus-Strand RNA Viruses
        date: 2014-07-22
       words: 11053
      flesch: 35
     summary: In addition, after multiple rounds of virus replication, tubular structures were also observed in the vicinity of VPs. As discussed earlier [119] , amongst these viruses two main architectures of remodeled membranes (morphotypes) can be found that may reflect two alternative strategies to induce the membranous microenvironments required to allow virus replication (summarized in Table 1 ).
    keywords: active; addition; alterations; analysis; architecture; assembly; association; autophagy; average; biogenesis; bovine; case; cells; characterization; clusters; cms; compartments; complex; complexes; connected; coronavirus; cov; cpvs; cvs; cycle; cytoplasm; dengue; denv; diameter; different; dimensional; distinct; dmvs; double; dsrna; electron; encephalitis; endoplasmic; expression; factories; family; fhv; figure; flavivirus; forest; formation; genus; golgi; hcv; hepatitis; host; induction; infected; infection; insect; inside; intracellular; invaginations; involved; kun; large; like; localization; lumen; lysosomes; machinery; members; membrane; membrane structures; membrane vesicles; membranous; morphology; mosaic; network; nonstructural; ns4a; ns4b; nsp1; outer; particles; pathway; plant; plasma; poliovirus; polymerase; pore; production; protein; rearrangements; recent; replicase; replication; rer; results; reticulum; rna; rna replication; rna synthesis; role; sars; semliki; similar; single; sites; size; small; spherules; strain; strand; structures; studies; study; surface; synthesis; tbev; tick; tubules; ultrastructural; vacuoles; vesicles; viral; viral rna; virions; virus; virus replication; viruses; vps; wnv
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        item: #110 of 171
          id: cord-298033-kzdp9edn
      author: Domingo, Esteban
       title: Quasispecies dynamics in disease prevention and control
        date: 2019-11-08
       words: 16379
      flesch: 29
     summary: Drug ReposER: a web server for predicting similar amino acid arrangements to know drug binding interfaces for potential drug repositioning Involvement of a joker mutation in a polymerase-independent lethal mutagenesis escape mechanism Amantadine-resistance as a genetic marker for influenza viruses HIV Nef: role in pathogenesis and viral fitness Mechanisms of HIV-1 escape from immune responses and antiretroviral drugs Estimating HIV evolutionary pathways and the genetic barrier to drug resistance Genetic basis of resistance to rimantadine emerging during treatment of influenza virus infection Influenza: The Last Great Plague; and Unfinished Story of Discovery The Vaccine Book Transmitted/founder viruses rapidly escape from CD8 þ T cell responses in acute hepatitis C virus infection Natural History of Infections Disease Epitope-specific CD8 þ T lymphocytes cross-recognize mutant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) sequences but fail to contain very early evolution and eventual fixation of epitope escape mutations during SIV infection Two escape mechanisms of influenza a virus to a broadly neutralizing stalk-binding antibody Development of live-attenuated arenavirus vaccines based on codon deoptimization Immunological responses following administration of a genotype 1a/1b/2/3a quadrivalent HCV VLP vaccine The poliovirus eradication initiative Viral persistence in vivo through selection of neutralizing antibody-escape variants CD4þ T-cell-epitope escape mutant virus selected in vivo Perspectives and opportunities for novel antiviral treatments targeting virus fitness Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 fitness and tropism: concept, quantification, and clinical relevance HIV-1 drug resistance and resistance testing Antigenic determinants of possible vaccine escape by porcine circovirus subtype 2b viruses Trans-dominant inhibition of RNA viral replication can slow growth of drugresistant viruses Naturally occurring NS3-protease-inhibitor resistant mutant A156T in the liver of an untreated chronic hepatitis C patient Vaccine development: from concept to early clinical testing Molecular and functional bases of selection against a mutation bias in an RNA virus Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus mutants associated with vaccine escape, drug resistance and diagnosis failure Patterns of resistanceassociated substitutions in patients with chronic HCV infection following treatment with direct-acting antivirals Multiclass HCV resistance to direct-acting antiviral failure in real-life patients advocates for tailored secondline therapies RNA virus evolution and the control of viral disease Complications of RNA heterogeneity for the engineering of virus vaccines and antiviral agents Quasispecies dynamics in disease prevention and control Quasispecies and RNA Virus Evolution: Principles and Consequences Virus population dynamics, fitness variations and the control of viral disease: an update Viral quasispecies evolution. Higher levels of resistance mutations as a function of time in untreated patients is an indication that the mutations are not due to basal mutant frequencies but to the epidemiological expansion of virus mutants that originated in treated patients.
    keywords: absence; acid; action; activity; adaptive; additional; agents; alternative; amino; animal; antibody; antigenic; antiretroviral; antiviral; antiviral agents; antiviral inhibitors; antiviral resistance; arias; associated; attenuated; available; barrier; basic; box; c virus; case; cell; chapter; clinical; combination; compartments; components; composition; concentration; consequence; control; cost; culture; current; decrease; deep; design; development; different; direct; disease; diversity; domingo; drug; drug resistance; dynamics; early; effective; effects; efficacy; epidemiological; escape; escape mutants; et al; evolution; evolutionary; example; experiments; factors; failure; fig; figure; fitness; frequencies; frequency; general; genetic; genome; global; hcv; health; hepatitis; high; hiv-1; host; human; ifn; immune; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; important; increase; independent; individuals; infected; infection; influenza; information; inhibitor; interventions; large; level; likely; limited; load; lower; major; mechanisms; medical; molecular; multiple; mutants; mutations; natural; need; new; nucleotide; number; occurrence; parameters; patients; phenotype; poliovirus; polymerase; population; possible; potential; presence; present; prevention; probability; protease; protection; protein; quasispecies; range; rate; relevance; relevant; replication; resistance; resistance mutations; resistant mutants; response; result; rna; section; selection; selective; sequence; sequencing; similar; single; site; size; sofosbuvir; specific; spectrum; spread; strategies; strength; studies; substitutions; target; term; therapy; time; transmission; treatment; type; understanding; vaccination; vaccine; value; variants; viral; viral disease; viral fitness; viral mutants; viral population; virus; virus evolution; virus infection; virus replication; viruses; vivo
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        item: #111 of 171
          id: cord-298736-9bvyp21d
      author: Gerold, Gisa
       title: Decoding protein networks during virus entry by quantitative proteomics
        date: 2016-06-15
       words: 12175
      flesch: 31
     summary: With the discovery of CR2 as Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and CD4 as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) receptor the hunt for virus receptors began (Fingeroth et al., 1984; Maddon et al., 1986) . Susceptible cell: cell that expresses virus receptors and entry factors and thus allows entry of a virus.
    keywords: abundance; accurate; acids; actin; affinity; amino; analysis; antibodies; antiviral; approaches; assembly; associated; attachment; available; binding; biological; box; capsid; cas9; cases; cd81; cell; cellular; changes; classical; clustering; common; complex; complexes; conditions; control; cortex; crispr; critical; cycle; databases; datasets; dependent; different; dna; drug; egfr; endocytic; endocytosis; endogenous; enrichment; entry; enveloped; essential; et al; example; experimental; expression; factors; fig; free; function; fusion; gel; genome; global; glycoprotein; hcv; heavy; hepatitis; herpes; high; hiv; host; host cell; human; identification; immune; infected; infection; influenza; information; inhibitors; instance; interaction proteomics; interactions; interference; isotope; kinase; knowledge; label; labeling; large; lfq; life; light; like; lipid; low; mapping; mass; membrane; mercer; methods; modifications; molecular; molecule; network; novel; number; past; pathway; peptide; phosphorylation; plasma; post; ppis; prior; process; processing; protein; protein interactions; proteome; proteomics; ptms; purification; quantification; quantitative; recent; receptor; relative; release; replication; research; resolution; rna; rnai; role; samples; screens; secondary; shotgun; signaling; signals; silac; similar; site; small; specific; spectrometry; state; step; stoichiometry; studies; study; surface; targets; techniques; throughput; trafficking; transient; translocation; trigger; type; uncoating; uptake; vaps; viral; virus; virus entry; virus infection; virus receptor; viruses; vivo; vopba
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        item: #112 of 171
          id: cord-299719-bvdsz626
      author: Fournier, C.
       title: Are trans‐complementation systems suitable for hepatitis C virus life cycle studies?
        date: 2013-02-14
       words: 4581
      flesch: 46
     summary: The lipid droplet is an important organelle for hepatitis C virus production Genetic analysis of the carboxy-terminal region of the hepatitis C virus core protein Characterization of determinants important for hepatitis C virus p7 function in morphogenesis by using trans-complementation Expression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural proteins in trans facilitates encapsidation and transmission of HCV subgenomic RNA Trans-encapsidation of hepatitis C virus subgenomic replicon RNA with viral structure proteins Mouse hepatic cells support assembly of infectious hepatitis C virus particles Naturally occurring hepatitis C virus subgenomic deletion mutants replicate efficiently in Huh-7 cells and are trans-packaged in vitro to generate infectious defective particles Efficient trans-encapsidation of hepatitis C virus RNAs into infectious virus-like particles Production of infectious hepatitis C virus by using RNA polymerase Imediated transcription Trans-complemented hepatitis C virus particles as a versatile tool for study of virus assembly and infection Genetic analysis of hepatitis C virus with defective genome and its infectivity in vitro Vps4 and the ESCRT-III complex are required for the release of infectious hepatitis C virus particles Production of hepatitis C virus lacking the envelope-encoding genes for singlecycle infection by providing homologous envelope proteins or vesicular stomatitis virus glycoproteins in trans Cell culture adaptation of hepatitis C virus and in vivo viability of an adapted variant Robust production of infectious viral particles in Huh-7 cells by introducing mutations in hepatitis C virus structural proteins Classical swine fever virus E(rns) deletion mutants: trans-complementation and potential use as nontransmissible, modified, liveattenuated marker vaccines p7 is absolutely essential for the production of pseudo-infectious HCV particles; it can operate independently of an upstream signal sequence and a tyrosine residue close to its conserved, dibasic motif is important for optimal virus production in genotype 2a viruses.
    keywords: assays; assembly; cell; complementation; complemented; core; defective; deletions; domain; encapsidation; envelope; expression; genome; hcv; helper; hepatitis; iii; infectious; jc1; jfh1; lines; mutations; ns2; ns3; ns4b; ns5a; ns5b; packaging; particles; plasmid; production; proteins; pseudo; region; replication; replicons; rnas; role; sequence; structural; studies; subgenomic; systems; table; titres; trans; type; vaccine; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #113 of 171
          id: cord-299747-qovrstak
      author: Deval, Jerome
       title: Inhibition of viral RNA polymerases by nucleoside and nucleotide analogs: therapeutic applications against positive-strand RNA viruses beyond hepatitis C virus
        date: 2014-09-17
       words: 4345
      flesch: 36
     summary: Cancer-causing Viruses and Their Inhibitors A novel mechanism to ensure terminal initiation by hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase Hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) as a mediator of the antiviral activity of ribavirin First transient kinetic study with HCV NS5B showing how deletion of the b-hairpin loop enables the polymerase to readily extend a primer Multiple interactions within the hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase repress primer-dependent RNA synthesis Structure of hepatitis C virus polymerase in complex with primer-template RNA Structural insights into mechanisms of catalysis and inhibition in Norwalk virus polymerase Klumpp K: Assembly, purification, and pre-steady-state kinetic analysis of active RNA-dependent RNA polymerase elongation complex Describes a method to isolate a stable NS5B-RNA elongation complex Contribution of a mutational bias in hepatitis C virus replication to the genetic barrier in the development of drug resistance 3 0 -Deoxynucleosides. -fluoro-2 0 -C-methylcytidine: a specific inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication Characterization of the metabolic activation of hepatitis C virus nucleoside inhibitor beta-D-2 0 -deoxy-2 0
    keywords: -azido; -deoxy-2; -fluoro-2; -triphosphate; active; activity; adenosine; amino; analogs; antiviral; beta; c virus; cell; chain; clinical; cytidine; d-2; dengue; dependent; development; drug; efficacy; figure; hcv; hepatitis; human; important; infection; inhibition; inhibitors; methyl; mitochondrial; model; new; ns5b; nucleoside; polymerase; positive; potent; primer; prodrug; protein; replication; replicon; ribonucleosides; rna; rna polymerase; site; sofosbuvir; strand; strand rna; study; synthesis; toxicity; uridine; viral; virus; viruses; vitro
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        item: #114 of 171
          id: cord-300154-3p7tjp5j
      author: Pezacki, John Paul
       title: Chemical contrast for imaging living systems: molecular vibrations drive CARS microscopy
        date: 2011-02-14
       words: 7755
      flesch: 32
     summary: This report describes how the rate of drug release from a delivery polymer for paclitaxel can be monitored using CARS microscopy Three-dimensional molecular mapping of a multiple emulsion by means of CARS microscopy Imaging receptor-mediated endocytosis with a polymeric nanoparticle-based coherent anti-stokes raman scattering probe Chemical imaging of oral solid dosage forms and changes upon dissolution using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy Shedding new light on lipid biology with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy Imaging of chemical and physical state of individual cellular lipid droplets using multiplex CARS microscopy Dynamics of lipid droplets induced by the hepatitis C virus core protein Label-free biomedical imaging with high sensitivity by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy Video-rate molecular imaging in vivo with stimulated Raman scattering This study is the first demonstration of CARS microscopy with a single femtosecond laser light source, a photonic crystal fiber for generating the Stokes light and optical chirping to improve spectral resolution Quantitative assessment of hepatic fat of intact liver tissues with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy Nonlinear optical measurements of the artery wall: parameters related to the progression of atherosclerosis Chemical imaging of tissue in vivo with video-rate coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy In this report, live tissue is imaged at video rate to visualize rapid processes such as the penetration of oils into skin Glutamate excitotoxicity inflicts paranodal myelin splitting and retraction CGI-58 facilitates lipolysis on lipid droplets but is not involved in the vesiculation of lipid droplets caused by hormonal stimulation Single-cell profiling reveals the origin of phenotypic variability in adipogenesis High copper selectively alters lipid metabolism and cell cycle machinery in the mouse model of Wilson disease Click chemistry: diverse chemical function from a few good reactions Perspective-living cells as test tubes High-sensitivity vibrational imaging with frequency modulation coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (FM CARS) microscopy Quantitative coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging of lipid distribution in coexisting domains Real-time visualization of intracellular hydrodynamics in single living cells This paper is one of the first to demonstrate imaging of water and the effects that aquaporins have on water movement into cells by CARS Implications for lipids during replication of enveloped viruses Modification of intracellular membrane structures for virus replication Lipid droplets and hepatitis C virus infection Cellular determinants of hepatitis C virus assembly, maturation, degradation, and secretion Activity-based protein profiling identifies a host enzyme, carboxylesterase 1, which is differentially active during hepatitis C virus replication LNA-mediated microRNA silencing in non-human primates Modulation of hepatitis C virus RNA abundance by a liver-specific microRNA MicroRNA-122 modulates the rhythmic expression profile of the circadian deadenylase nocturnin in mouse liver Silencing of microRNAs in vivo with 'antagomirs' The influence of cholesterol and lipid metabolism on host cell structure and hepatitis C virus replication Nonlinear optical imaging to evaluate the impact of obesity on mammary gland and tumor stroma Multimodal CARS microscopy determination of the impact of diet on macrophage infiltration and lipid accumulation on plaque formation in ApoE-deficient mice Fiber delivered probe for efficient CARS imaging of tissues Slepkov (NRC) for advice and help with CARS microscopy. For this reason, lipids, with their long aliphatic chains full of -CH 2 groups, are perfectly suited to CARS imaging.
    keywords: ability; acid; analysis; anti; applications; biological; biology; biomolecules; cancer; cars; cars microscopy; cells; cellular; changes; chemical; coherent; coherent anti; component; concentration; contrast; copper; density; disease; droplets; drug; dynamic; effects; energy; environment; example; fig; fluorescence; free; frequency; function; gene; hcv; hepatitis; high; host; image; imaging; important; infection; information; intensity; interactions; label; labeling; lipid; lipid droplets; lipolysis; live; living; metabolism; methods; microscopy; molecular; molecules; monitoring; mouse; multimodal; multiplex; natural; new; nonlinear; organisms; pathogen; penetration; potential; probe; processes; protein; raman; raman scattering; rate; release; replication; resolution; rna; role; sample; scattering; sensitivity; signal; single; small; specific; spectroscopy; stokes; stokes raman; storage; study; systems; technique; time; tissue; tool; tpf; tracking; tumor; understanding; unique; vibrational; viral; virus; vivo; volume
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        item: #115 of 171
          id: cord-300642-c7adeis1
      author: Lai, Andrew SH
       title: Viral nephropathy
        date: 2006
       words: 4748
      flesch: 31
     summary: Taiwan Childhood Hepatoma Study Group Safety of immunisation and adverse events following vaccination against hepatitis B Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis C virus infection Immunological disorders in C virus chronic active hepatitis: a prospective casecontrol study Hepatitis C, cryoglobulinemia, and cirrhosis: a meta-analysis Secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Hepatitis C virus infection and acute or chronic glomerulonephritis: an epidemiological and clinical appraisal Renal involvement in hepatitis C infection: cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis Long-term predictors of survival in essential mixed cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis Membranous glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis C virus infection: case report and literature review Randomised trial of interferon α2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon α2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus: Renal infection with BK virus affects kidney allograft recipients, leading to renal dysfunction and sometimes graft loss.
    keywords: acute; adults; african; agent; antigen; areas; cases; children; chronic; clinical; complexes; course; cryoglobulinemia; diagnosis; direct; disease; dna; failure; fever; focal; forms; fsgs; glomerular; glomerulonephritis; glomerulopathy; glomerulosclerosis; group; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv; hivan; idiopathic; immune; infected; infection; interferon; kidney; laboratory; lamivudine; levels; liver; manifestations; mcgn; mechanisms; membranous; mesangial; mixed; molecular; multiorgan; nephropathy; nephrotic; pathology; patients; present; prevalence; proliferative; proteinuria; pvb19; remission; renal; replication; reported; ribavirin; rna; role; segmental; serum; severe; syndrome; testing; therapy; treatment; tubular; type; viral; virus
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        item: #116 of 171
          id: cord-302295-nblmshni
      author: Savva, Athina
       title: Targeting Toll-Like Receptors: Promising Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Sepsis-Associated Pathology and Infectious Diseases
        date: 2013-11-18
       words: 10341
      flesch: 30
     summary: Prophylactic administration of anti-TLR4 antibodies blunted TNF production and strikingly increased survival in E. coli sepsis, from 0% in the control antibody group to 80% in the anti-TLR4 group. Our studies demonstrate that anti-TLR4 antibodies are efficient as adjunctive therapy for E. coli sepsis, with a window of clinical application comprising prophylactic and therapeutic intervention opportunities.
    keywords: activation; activity; acute; adaptive; administration; adverse; agonist; antagonist; anti; antibodies; antibody; bacterial; binding; cells; challenge; chloroquine; chronic; clinical; coli; complex; cpg; cpg10101; cytokine; data; dendritic; dependent; development; diseases; dna; domain; dose; double; drug; effect; efficacy; endotoxin; eritoran; events; experimental; expression; failure; flagellin; gene; gram; group; hcv; healthy; hepatitis; high; hiv; host; human; ifn; ifnα; immune; immunity; immunology; induction; infected; infection; inflammatory; influenza; inhibited; inhibition; injury; innate; intracellular; lethal; levels; ligands; like; like receptor; lps; md-2; mice; microbial; model; molecule; monoclonal; mortality; mouse; myd88; negative; new; non; opn-305; oral; pathways; patients; pharmacokinetics; phase; placebo; plasmacytoid; poly(i; production; promising; protein; prrs; randomized; receptor; recognition; respiratory; response; results; rna; role; safety; sensing; sepsis; septic; severe; shock; signaling; single; strategies; studies; study; surface; survival; tak-242; therapeutic; therapy; tlr1; tlr2; tlr3; tlr4; tlr5; tlr7; tlr7/8; tlr8; tlr9; tlrs; toll; treatment; trial; trif; type; usa; viral; virus; viruses; volunteers
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        item: #117 of 171
          id: cord-303189-ktl4jw8v
      author: Coccia, Eliana M.
       title: Early IFN type I response: Learning from microbial evasion strategies
        date: 2015-03-31
       words: 15234
      flesch: 32
     summary: Strategies, identified so far, include viral proteins that bind ISG15 or that remove ISG15 from target proteins (reviewed in [237] ). Similarly, some identified targets of viral proteins in PRR signaling pathways might be turned out to be new targets for treating a range of diseases.
    keywords: ability; acids; activation; activity; acute; adaptive; adaptor; alpha; antagonism; antiviral; associated; bacterial; binding; blocking; blocks; c virus; cells; cellular; chronic; common; complex; components; control; core; coronavirus; cov; cytosolic; degradation; dendritic; dengue; denv; dependent; detection; different; disease; dna; domain; downstream; dsrna; ebola; ebov; effect; effector; essential; evasion; expression; factor; family; fig; flaviviruses; function; gene; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv-1; host; human; identification; ifn; ifn response; ifn system; ikk; immune; immune response; immunity; important; induced; inducible; induction; infected; infection; inflammasome; inflammatory; inhibition; inhibits; innate; innate immune; interaction; interferon; intracellular; irf1; irf3; irf7; isg15; isgs; jak; kinase; levels; like; macrophages; manner; mavs; mechanisms; membrane; mers; methyltransferase; microbial; mitochondrial; molecular; molecules; mrna; non; ns4b; ns5; ns5a; nuclear; nucleic; number; pact; pamps; papain; pathogens; pathway; patients; phosphorylation; pkr; plp; production; protease; protein; prrs; recent; receptors; recognition; region; regulation; regulatory; related; replication; respiratory; response; restriction; results; rig; rna; role; sars; sensing; sensor; severe; signaling; specific; stat1; sting; strategies; structural; syndrome; system; target; tbk1; tlr3; toll; transcription; tuberculosis; type; tyrosine; ubiquitin; usp18; viral; virus; viruses; vp24; vp35; wnv
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        item: #118 of 171
          id: cord-305039-grsv06j7
      author: Flego, Michela
       title: Clinical development of monoclonal antibody-based drugs in HIV and HCV diseases
        date: 2013-01-04
       words: 11012
      flesch: 32
     summary: The MHC class II-dependent activation of resting T cells is inhibited by monoclonal antibodies to CD4 regardless whether or not they recognize epitopes involved in the binding of MHC class II or HIV gp120 Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of multiple doses of ibalizumab (formerly TNX-355), an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody, in human immuno-deficiency virus type 1-infected adults Antiretroviral activity of the anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody TNX-355 in patients infected with HIV type 1 Mouse/human chimeric monoclonal antibody in man: kinetics and immune response Phase 2 efficacy and safety of the novel entry inhibitor, TNX-355 The biology of CCR5 and CXCR4 A phase 1, doseescalation, placebo-controlled study of a fully human monoclonal antibody (CCR5mAb004) against CCR5 in patients with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 infection Potent antiviral synergy between monoclonal antibody and small-molecule CCR5 inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type1 A phase I study to explore the activity and safety of SCH532706, a small molecule chemokine receptor-5 antagonist in HIV type-1-infected patients Phase 2a Study of the CCR5 Monoclonal Antibody PRO 140 Administered Intravenously to HIV-Infected Adults Transport and absorption of drugs via the lymphatic system Safety and efficacy of self-administered subcutaneous immunoglobulin in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases Anti-HIV-1 activity of weekly or biweekly treatment with subcutaneous PRO 140, a CCR5 monoclonal antibody Neutralizing antibody and antiretroviral drug sensitivities of HIV-1 isolates resistant to small molecule CCR5 inhibitors Targeting inside-out phosphatidylserine as a therapeutic strategy for viral diseases Advancing clinical trials in cancer and viral infection: bavituximab antiviral The PD-1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity Tumor B7-H1 is associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients with long-term follow-up Targeting the PD-1/B7-H1(PD-L1) pathway to activate anti tumor immunity Sznol M: Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer Clinical trial.gov a service of the U.S. National Institutes of Health: A Study of MDX-1106 to Treat Patients with Hepatitis C Infection National Institutes of Health: Safety and Tolerability Study of the Monoclonal Antibody CT-011 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 1 Infection Biologic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade in previously vaccinated metastatic melanoma and ovarian carcinoma patients Cancer regression and autoimmunity induced by cytotoxic T lymphocyteassociated antigen 4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma Progress in defining CD4 helper cell responses in chronic viral infections PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitory cosignaling pathways in HIV infection and the potential for therapeutic intervention Functional restoration of HCV-specific CD8 T cells by PD-1 blockade is defined by PD-1 expression and compartmentalization The emerging toxicity profiles of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies across clinical indications Antiviral and antitumoral effects of the anti-CTLA4 agent tremelimumab in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: results from a phase II clinical trial AACR Annual Meeting Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity Chimeric human antibody molecules: mouse antigen-binding domains with human constant region domains Replacing the complementarity-determining regions in a human antibody with those from a mouse Humanized antibodies as potential therapeutic drugs An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus Antibody engineering via genetic engineering of the mouse: XenoMouse strains are a vehicle for the facile generation of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies Selecting and screening recombinant antibody libraries Pre-publication history The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here Clinical development of monoclonal antibody-based drugs in HIV and HCV diseases Authors' contributions MF and AA contributed equally to writing and editing the manuscript. The interaction of HIV envelope surface protein gp120 with its host receptor, CD4, on human T cells triggers conformational changes in the envelope, resulting in exposure of a transient binding site for co-receptor CCR5 or CXCR4.
    keywords: 4e10; activation; activity; acute; adcc; administration; antibodies; antibody; antigen; antiretroviral; antiviral; bavituximab; binding; blockade; broad; cancer; ccr5; cd4; cd8; cd81; cell; cellular; chains; changes; chimeric; chronic; class; clinical; combination; conformational; conserved; ctla-4; current; cxcr4; dependent; development; different; diseases; domain; dose; drugs; effective; effector; effects; efficacy; entry; envelope; epitopes; escape; exhaustion; expression; fact; figure; functions; fusion; glycoprotein; gp120; gp41; hcv; heavy; hepatitis; high; hiv; hiv-1; host; human; human monoclonal; humanized; ibalizumab; ifn; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; individuals; infected; infection; inhibitory; interaction; isolates; levels; light; load; mabs; mechanisms; membrane; mice; molecules; monoclonal; monoclonal antibody; mouse; multiple; nabs; neutralization; neutralizing; new; non; novel; number; pathway; patients; pd-1; pharmacokinetics; phase; potent; potential; primary; pro; production; progression; protective; protein; receptor; region; release; resistance; responses; results; role; safety; serum; single; site; small; specific; studies; study; surface; system; t cells; target; therapeutic; therapy; treatment; trials; tumor; type; variable; viral; virus; viruses; vivo
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        item: #119 of 171
          id: cord-305085-bv7udg9k
      author: Lawrence, Robert M.
       title: Chapter 13 Transmission of Infectious Diseases Through Breast Milk and Breastfeeding
        date: 2011-12-31
       words: 45867
      flesch: 41
     summary: Experience from the Finnish HPV family study Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, including necrotizing fasciitis and myositis Late-onset septicemia in a Norwegian national cohort of extremely premature infants receiving very early full human milk feeding Hepatitis A outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit: Risk factors for transmission and evidence of prolonged viral excretion among preterm infants Characterization of a novel corona virus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Longitudinal analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in breast milk and of its relationship to infant infection and maternal disease Attempts to detect RNA tumour virus in human milk Is breast milk collected at home suitable for raw consumption by neonates in Brizilian public neonatal intensive care units? Prevalence of HIV-1 DNA and p24 antigen in breast milk and correlation with maternal factors Follow-up of transmission of hepatitis C to babies of human immunodeficiency virus-negative women: The role of breastfeeding in transmission Occurrence of acute diarrhea in atopic and nonatopic infants: role of prolonged breast-feeding An outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit Hospital transmission of community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among postpartum women Removal of inhibitors against RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity in human milk Effect of human milk on mouse mammary tumor virus Human papillomavirus DNA detected in breast milk Control of a cluster of a community-associated methicillin-resistant Stahpylococcus aureus in neonatology Immunoglobulin prophylaxis against milkborne transmission of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 in rabbits Chlamydial infections Pregnancy and pulmonary tuberculosis Possible breast milk transmission of group B streptococcal infection Evidence for transmission of lymphocyte responses to tuberculin by breast-feeding, Lancet I:529 Toxic shock syndrome Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA by PCR in the urine and breast milk of patients with Lyme borreliosis Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. One case of brucellosis in an infant caused by breast milk transmission, with B. melitensis isolated from the breast milk, before antibiotic treatment was given to the mother has been documented.
    keywords: absence; acceptable; acquisition; active; acute; additional; adults; africa; age; agents; airborne; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; antiretroviral; appropriate; areas; associated; association; asymptomatic; aureus; authors; available; bacterial; benefits; birth; blood; bottle; botulism; breast cancer; breast infection; breast lesions; breast milk; breastfed; breastfed infants; breastfeeding; brucellosis; c virus; care; careful; cases; cause; cells; cesarean; chapter; children; chronic; clinical; close; cmv; collection; colonization; colonized; colostrum; committee; common; community; complete; congenital; congenital infection; contact; contamination; continued; control; countries; course; culture; culturing; cytomegalovirus; cytomegalovirus infection; data; days; death; decrease; delivery; dengue; dengue virus; developed; development; diagnosis; diarrhea; different; difficult; direct; discussion; disease; dna; documented; dose; droplet; duration; e.g.; early; ebv; effect; effective; empiric; endemic; epidemiologic; et al; evaluation; evidence; exclusive; exclusive breastfeeding; exposure; expressed; factors; fetus; fever; fever virus; fluids; follow; formula; free; gbs; general; greater; group; hav; hbv; hcv; hdv; health; hemorrhagic; hepatitis; herpes; hev; hgv; high; higher; history; hiv; hiv infection; hiv transmission; hiv-1; home; hospital; hospitalized; hours; household; hpv; htlv; human breast; human milk; humans; igm; illness; illnesses; immune; immunization; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; important; incidence; increased; individuals; infancy; infant transmission; infants; infants younger; infected; infection; infection control; information; intensive; interventions; intrapartum; invasive; involvement; isolation; isoniazid; laboratory; lack; lactating; lactation; large; late; lesions; leukemia; life; likely; literature; load; low; lower; lyme; lymphotropic; malaria; management; mastitis; maternal; maternal infection; measles; medical; methicillin; mild; milk samples; months; morbidity; mortality; mother; mrsa; mumps; negative; neonatal; neonates; newborn; nile; nile virus; number; nursery; observation; occurrence; older; ongoing; onset; oral; organism; outbreaks; patients; pcr; perinatal; period; person; pneumonia; poliovirus; positive; positive mothers; possible; postnatal; postnatal infection; postnatal transmission; postpartum; potential; precautions; pregnancy; pregnant; premature; premature infants; prenatal; presence; preterm; prevalence; prevention; primary; products; prolonged; prophylaxis; protective; rabies; range; rare; rash; rates; reasonable; recent; recommendations; regimens; related; relative; reported; reports; resistant; respiratory; response; results; risk; role; rotavirus; routine; rsv; saliva; samples; sars; secondary; secretions; separation; sequelae; seropositive; serum; severe; severity; shock; short; significant; similar; single; situations; skin; smallpox; source; south; species; specific; spread; standard; staphylococcus; states; streptococcal; studies; study; subsequent; support; survival; symptoms; syndrome; syphilis; term; testing; therapy; time; timing; toxin; tract; transmammary; transmission; transmission breast; transmission rate; transplacental; treatment; tst; ttv; tuberculosis; type; uncommon; united; urine; use; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine virus; vaccinia; varicella; vertical transmission; viral; virus; virus infection; virus transmission; virus type; viruses; weaning; weeks; west; women; world; years; yellow; younger; zidovudine; zoster; zoster virus
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        item: #120 of 171
          id: cord-305263-fgwf6wy3
      author: Wang, Ben X.
       title: The yin and yang of viruses and interferons
        date: 2012-02-07
       words: 6295
      flesch: 31
     summary: Remarkably, distinct highly pathogenic respiratory viruses, namely influenza viruses and the SARS-CoV, encode nonstructural proteins in their genomes that function as virulence factors that specifically target the host innate IFN response, further emphasizing the importance of IFNs as broad-spectrum antivirals. IFN therapy therefore has the advantage over DAA treatments in that, in addition to stimulating genes that block viral replication in infected cells, IFNs activate other innate and adaptive immune responses to combat the virus. Polymorphisms in genes encoding factors involved in different stages of the IFN response can lead to marked differences in susceptibility to virus infection and severity of disease, and can also serve as predictive markers for the outcome of IFN treatment.
    keywords: able; activation; activity; acute; addition; alfacon-1; alpha; antiviral; binding; broad; cells; chronic; clinical; combination; complex; coronavirus; cov; daa; different; direct; disease; domain; effective; effects; expression; factors; gene; hbeag; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; herpes; host; human; ifn; ifn response; ifnar; ifns; immune; immune response; inducible; induction; infected; infection; influenza; inhibit; inhibition; innate; interferon; irf3; kinase; mechanisms; ns1; ns5a; nsp1; nuclear; patients; peg; phosphorylation; pkr; primary; production; protein; receptor; replication; resistant; respiratory; response; ribavirin; rna; sars; severe; signaling; simplex; specific; spectrum; stages; stat; syndrome; system; target; therapy; treatment; type; viral; virulence; virus; viruses
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        item: #121 of 171
          id: cord-305303-82n96ukr
      author: Shapira, Assaf
       title: Removal of Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Cells by a Zymogenized Bacterial Toxin
        date: 2012-02-16
       words: 10191
      flesch: 37
     summary: These zymoxins showed a higher level of cytotoxicity when applied to NS3 expressing cells or to HCV infected cells, demonstrating a potential therapeutic window. To evaluate the potential of the NS3-cleavable MazF based zymoxin in eradication of NS3 expressing cells, three 96 well plates were seeded with Tet-inducible full NS3-4A, Tet-NS3/activated MazF or Tet-NS3/uncleavable MazF cells and were supplemented with 3 fold serial dilutions of tetracycline starting with 1000 ng/ ml.
    keywords: acids; activation; active; activity; adenoviral; adenoviruses; amino; anti; antibody; antidote; antitoxin; antiviral; assay; bacterial; cells; chimeric; cleavage; clvmazf; complex; concentration; construct; construction; control; corresponding; culture; cytotoxicity; death; delivery; dilutions; dna; domain; effect; egfp; encoding; eradication; expression; figure; fluorescence; fold; fusion; genotype; hcv; hek293; hepatitis; high; huh7.5; human; infected; infection; inhibition; inhibitory; intracellular; level; linker; low; maze; mazf; mazf cells; mcherry; media; membrane; microscopy; minutes; mixed; moi; mouse; naïve; ns3; ns3 protease; order; p10; panel; pbs; pcr; peptide; plasmid; plate; protease; protein; proteolytic; recombinant; red; replication; rex; ribonuclease; rna; seeded; sequence; sites; specific; study; synthesis; system; target; terminal; terminus; tet; tetracycline; toxin; transgene; treatment; uncleavable; uncleavable mazf; untreated; usa; vector; viral; virus; zymoxin
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        item: #122 of 171
          id: cord-305393-96mrxt8a
      author: Lai, Yvonne
       title: Viral Double-Strand RNA-Binding Proteins Can Enhance Innate Immune Signaling by Toll-Like Receptor 3
        date: 2011-10-10
       words: 9628
      flesch: 53
     summary: The transfected cells were induced 18 to 22 h later by the addition of poly(I:C) or viral dsRNAs to the culture medium to a final concentration of 1 mg/ mL in the presence or absence of 100 nM of RNA binding proteins. (TIF) Plant and animal sensors of conserved microbial signatures Innate immune recognition of viral infection Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response Preference of RIG-I for short viral RNA molecules in infected cells revealed by next-generation sequencing Sensing and signaling in antiviral innate immunity Structure and function of Toll receptors and their ligands A missense mutation of the Toll-like receptor 3 gene in a patient with influenzaassociated encephalopathy TLR3 deficiency in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis Effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms on Toll-like receptor 3 activity and expression in cultured cells The L412F variant of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is associated with cutaneous candidiasis, increased susceptibility to cytomegalovirus, and autoimmunity Dissecting TLR3 signalling in dendritic cells The Toll-like receptor 3:dsRNA signaling complex Leucinerich repeats and pathogen recognition in Toll-like receptors Predicting Toll-like receptor structures and characterizing ligand binding The TLR3 signaling complex forms by cooperative receptor dimerization Biochemical and functional analyses of the human Toll-like receptor 3 ectodomain mRNA is an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor 3 LL37 and cationic peptides enhance TLR3 signaling by viral doublestranded RNAs Replication of hepatitis C virus HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors Template requirements for RNA synthesis by a recombinant hepatitis C virus RNAdependent RNA polymerase De novo initiation of RNA synthesis by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) of hepatitis C virus Mechanism of de novo initiation by the hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: role of divalent metals Requirements for de novo initiation of RNA synthesis by recombinant flaviviral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases De novo initiation pocket mutations have multiple effects on hepatitis C virus RNAdependent RNA polymerase activities A locking mechanism regulates RNA synthesis and host protein interaction by the hepatitis C virus polymerase Regulation of de novo-initiated RNA synthesis in hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by intermolecular interactions De novo initiation of viral RNA-dependent RNA synthesis Structural and functional analysis of hepatitis C virus strain JFH1 polymerase A comprehensive structure-function comparison of hepatitis C virus strain JFH1 and J6 polymerases reveals a key residue stimulating replication in cell culture across genotypes Ross River virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review The coat protein leads the way: an update on basic and applied studies with the Brome mosaic virus coat protein Hepatitis B virus infection-natural history and clinical consequences Virus assembly, allostery and antivirals Effects of deletions in the N-terminal basic arm of brome mosaic virus coat protein on RNA packaging and systemic infection Biological significance of the seven aminoterminal basic residues of brome mosaic virus coat protein Fulllength hepatitis B virus core protein packages viral and heterologous RNA with similarly high levels of cooperativity In vitro-assembled alphavirus core-like particles maintain a structure similar to that of nucleocapsid cores in mature virus Cutting Edge:
    keywords: 1bd21; ability; absence; activation; activity; addition; anti; beas-2b; beas-2b cells; binding; bpev; c virus; capsid; cells; closed; complex; concentration; conformation; control; cp149; cp183; culture; cytokine; data; dependent; double; dsrna; effects; endosomes; enhanced; enhancement; fig; final; fold; gel; hcv; hcv polymerase; hek; hepatitis; human; il6; il6 production; immune; infection; innate; interaction; levels; ligand; like; likely; ll37; loop; luciferase; media; medium; min; mutant; nonspecific; novo; ns5b; observed; poly(i; polymerase; poor; presence; production; proteins; purified; receptor; recombinant; reovirus; response; results; rig; rna; rna polymerase; rna synthesis; rnas; signaling; single; sirnas; sl26; structure; synthesis; template; tlr3; toll; viral; viral dsrnas; virions; virus
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        item: #123 of 171
          id: cord-306934-29ljbl7g
      author: Tonelli, Michele
       title: Antiviral and cytotoxic activities of aminoarylazo compounds and aryltriazene derivatives
        date: 2009-07-01
       words: 8578
      flesch: 49
     summary: Free energy components and total binding free energies for compounds of the series A-C on BVDV RdRp inhibitor molecules may affect the RdRps interactions with the incoming RNA molecule. Compounds VP32947 (3-[(dipropylaminoethyl)thio]-5H-1,2,4-triazino [5,6-b] indole) 24 and BPIP (5- 23 exhibited EC 50 as low as 30-40 nM. Other compounds (as the thiazolylurea DPC-A69280-29, 25 Table 3 Cytotoxicity against MT-4, MDBK, BHK and Vero-76 cell lines and BVDV, YFV, Reo-1, CVB-2, RSV and HSV-1 inhibitory activity of amino azocompounds of structure A-C the benzimidazolone 1453 26 and 7-amino-1,3-dihydroxy-10methyl-6-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-9(10H)acridone 27 ) have EC 50 in the range 0.6-1.5 lM, that are comparable with those of the presently described aminoaryl azocompounds 1 and 7 (1.6 and 2.5 lM, respectively).
    keywords: active; activities; activity; agents; amino; aminoazocompounds; antiviral; antiviral activity; aryltriazene; assays; atom; binding; bvdv; bvdv rdrp; calculated; cell; chains; complex; compounds; corresponding; crystal; cvb-2; cytotoxicity; data; dependent; derivatives; different; dna; domain; energies; energy; enzyme; fig; fingers; following; free; grid; group; hcv; hexane; high; host; hsv-1; human; hydrogen; important; infected; inhibitors; interactions; k263; ligand; lines; mdbk; medium; method; mmol; molecular; molecules; monolayers; multiplication; nmr; oil; order; particular; points; polymerase; potent; procedure; protein; putative; range; rdrp; region; replication; residues; responsible; rna; rsv; sb-1; site; solute; solution; structure; system; tables; template; test; triazene; values; van; viruses; waals; water; yfv; yield
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        item: #124 of 171
          id: cord-307556-k2lavvca
      author: Jang, Hongje
       title: Discovery of Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Helicase Inhibitors by a Multiplexed, High‐Throughput Helicase Activity Assay Based on Graphene Oxide
        date: 2013-02-18
       words: 2998
      flesch: 46
     summary: Herein, we developed a multiplexed helicase assay based on graphene oxide (GO) for high-throughput screening of inhibitors of HCV NS3 helicase and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) helicase. [10] Herein, we show that the GOHA can be used for measuring the activities of HCV NS3 helicase and SARS CoV helicase in a single mixed solution using two distinct DNA substrates tethered to different fluorophores, and furthermore, for multiplexed high-throughput screening to discover highly selective small-molecule inhibitors of these helicases ( Figure 1 ).
    keywords: activities; activity; addition; antihcv; antisars; assay; atpase; cells; compounds; cov; cy3; cy5; dna; drug; figure; fluorescence; goha; hcv; hel-1; helicase; hels; hepatitis; high; inhibition; inhibitors; luciferase; ns3; protease; replication; rna; sars; sars cov; screen; screening; selective; serine; throughput
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        item: #125 of 171
          id: cord-307817-2vy28i4m
      author: Lou, Zhiyong
       title: Current progress in antiviral strategies
        date: 2014-01-14
       words: 7596
      flesch: 32
     summary: This review will highlight recent achievements in antiviral development and discuss various strategies for preventing virus attachment and entry into the host cell, as well as strategies for preventing virus replication and transcription within the host cell. Throughout the life cycle of a negative sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus, the genome length RNA is encapsidated by a virally encoded nucleoprotein (NP), instead of a naked RNA, and associated with RdRp (polymerase complex) to form a stable ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, which is responsible for virus replication, transcription, and assembly
    keywords: acid; active; activity; affinity; agents; allosteric; antagonists; antiviral; binding; capsid; ccr5; cd4; cell; cellular; chronic; class; clinical; combination; complex; compounds; coronavirus; cycle; cyclophilin; cypa; design; development; discovery; diseases; domain; drugs; effects; entry; enveloped; enzymatic; example; factors; family; figure; formation; function; fusion; genome; gp120; gp41; hcv; helicase; hepatitis; hiv-1; host; hpv; human; hydrophobic; ifn; immune; immunodeficiency; infected; infection; influenza; influenza virus; inhibitors; interaction; interferon; key; life; mechanism; membrane; molecule; mtase; natural; new; non; novel; ns5a; nucleoprotein; peptide; pis; pocket; polymerase; potent; progress; protease; protein; receptor; replication; resistance; results; review; ribavirin; rna; site; small; specific; strategies; strategy; structure; target; therapy; transcription; treatment; type; viral; virus; viruses; vpg
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        item: #126 of 171
          id: cord-307934-84zfabti
      author: Lai, Chao-Kuen
       title: Nonstructural Protein 5A Is Incorporated into Hepatitis C Virus Low-Density Particle through Interaction with Core Protein and Microtubules during Intracellular Transport
        date: 2014-06-06
       words: 8230
      flesch: 52
     summary: Processing pathways of the hepatitis C virus proteins Expression and identification of hepatitis C virus polyprotein cleavage products Efficient initiation of HCV RNA replication in cell culture Replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNAs in a hepatoma cell line Expression of hepatitis C virus proteins induces distinct membrane alterations including a candidate viral replication complex Identification of the hepatitis C virus RNA replication complex in Huh-7 cells harboring subgenomic replicons Association of hepatitis C virus replication complexes with microtubules and actin filaments is dependent on the interaction of NS3 and NS5A Cytoskeletal requirements for hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA synthesis in the HCV replicon cell culture system Initiation of hepatitis C virus infection requires the dynamic microtubule network: role of the viral nucleocapsid protein Hepatitis C virus egress and release depend on endosomal trafficking of core protein Hepatitis C virus core protein induces lipid droplet redistribution in a microtubule-and dynein-dependent manner Hepatitis C virus: assembly and release of virus particles Homotypic interaction and multimerization of hepatitis C virus core protein Interaction of hepatitis C virus core protein with viral sense RNA and suppression of its translation The lipid droplet is an important organelle for hepatitis C virus production Subcellular localization of hepatitis C virus structural proteins in a cell culture system that efficiently replicates the virus An in vitro model of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a-associated triglycerides accumulation Essential role of domain III of nonstructural protein 5A for hepatitis C virus infectious particle assembly Interaction of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A with core protein is critical for the production of infectious virus particles Ultrastructural and biophysical characterization of hepatitis C virus particles produced in cell culture Complete replication of hepatitis C virus in cell culture Cell culture-grown hepatitis C virus is infectious in vivo and can be recultured in vitro Identification of a residue in hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein that determines scavenger receptor BI and CD81 receptor dependency and sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies Biochemical and morphological properties of hepatitis C virus particles and determination of their lipidome Characterization of low-and very-low-density hepatitis C virus RNA-containing particles Hepatitis C virus: buoyant density of the factor VIII-derived isolate in sucrose Hepatitis C virus particle detected by immunoelectron microscopic study Identification of hepatitis C virus by immunoelectron microscopy Visualization of hepatitis C virions and putative defective interfering particles isolated from lowdensity lipoproteins Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome An in vitro model of hepatitis C virion production B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles Exosomes: endosomal-derived vesicles shipping extracellular messages Shortrange exosomal transfer of viral RNA from infected cells to plasmacytoid dendritic cells triggers innate immunity Highly permissive cell lines for subgenomic and genomic hepatitis C virus RNA replication The heat shock cognate protein 70 is associated with hepatitis C virus particles and modulates virus infectivity Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protein interacts with ATM, impairs DNA repair and enhances sensitivity to ionizing radiation Construction and characterization of infectious intragenotypic and intergenotypic hepatitis C virus chimeras Robust production of infectious hepatitis C virus (HCV) from stably HCV cDNA-transfected human hepatoma cells Annexin A2 is involved in the formation of hepatitis C virus replication complex on the lipid raft Fluorescent detection of lipid droplets and associated proteins Effect of cell growth on hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and a mechanism of cell confluence-based inhibition of HCV RNA and protein expression Hepatitis C virus RNA replication occurs on a detergent-resistant membrane that cofractionates with caveolin-2 Molecular determinants and dynamics of hepatitis C virus secretion Regulation of hepatitis C virus secretion by the Hrs-dependent exosomal pathway The ESCRT system is required for hepatitis C virus production Vps4 and the ESCRT-III complex are required for the release of infectious hepatitis C virus particles Membrane fusion and fission: enveloped viruses Association of hepatitis C virus envelope proteins with exosomes Microvesicles and viral infection Hepatitis C virus core particle detected by immunoelectron microscopy and optical rotation technique Buoyant density of hepatitis C virus recovered from infected hosts: two different features in sucrose equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation related to degree of liver inflammation Extraordinarily low density of hepatitis C virus estimated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and the polymerase chain reaction The Phe105 loop of Alix Bro1 domain plays a key role in HIV-1 release A pathogenic picornavirus acquires an envelope by hijacking cellular membranes HIV and mature dendritic cells: Trojan exosomes riding the Trojan horse? NS2 protein of influenza virus is found in purified virus and phosphorylated in infected cells The paramyxovirus SV5 V protein binds two atoms of zinc and is a structural component of virions Proteomics analysis unravels the functional repertoire of coronavirus nonstructural protein 3 Localization of the Vpx packaging signal within the C terminus of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Gag precursor protein Alpha-helical peptide-induced vesicle rupture revealing new insight into the vesicle fusion process as monitored in situ by quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation and reflectometry Mechanism of an amphipathic alpha-helical peptide's antiviral activity involves sizedependent virus particle lysis Hepatitis C virus entry depends on clathrin-mediated endocytosis We thank Dr. Takaji Wakita of National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan, for plasmid pJFH1, Dr. Charles M. Rice from Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, Rockefeller University, New York, USA, for Huh7.5 cells. None of the fractions obtained from these cells contained HCV NS5A protein (data not shown), consistent with the previous report [34] .
    keywords: analysis; anti; antibodies; assembly; associated; bars; blue; brutp; c virus; cd81; cells; colocalization; complexes; contrast; core; core protein; culture; cytoplasm; dapi; data; day; density; early; endosomes; exosomal; exosomes; fig; fractions; gold; gradient; green; hcv; hdf; hepatitis; high; huh7.5; infected; infectious; infectivity; interaction; late; ldf; lds; lipid; low; lower; membrane; microtubules; mouse; nocodazole; ns4b; ns5a; number; p.i; panels; particles; perinuclear; plasma; production; protein; purified; red; region; release; replication; results; rna; signals; sucrose; taxol; total; transport; treatment; upper; viral; virions; virus; white
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        item: #127 of 171
          id: cord-311823-85wj08gr
      author: Katze, Michael G.
       title: Innate immune modulation by RNA viruses: emerging insights from functional genomics
        date: 2008
       words: 9163
      flesch: 28
     summary: The role of RIg-I in the response to influenza virus infection has also been assessed 10 . A relevant observation in this regard is that early stimulation of the respiratory-tract B cells (within 48 hours of influenza virus infection) was shown to be strongly driven by virus-induced type
    keywords: ability; activation; adaptive; analysis; animals; antigen; antiviral; antiviral response; approaches; attenuated; biology; cells; cellular; computational; cov; data; development; disease; early; evaluation; expression; functional; genes; genomic; global; hcv; hepatitis; high; higher; host; host response; human; ifn; ifn response; ifns; immune; immune response; immunity; immunopathology; important; induced; induction; infected; infection; inflammatory; influenza; influenza virus; information; innate; innate immune; interactions; interferon; irf3; isgs; levels; liver; macaques; mda5; measles; memory; mice; microarray; model; molecular; mouse; new; nile; non; ns1; pandemic; pathogenesis; pathogenic; pathways; patients; profiling; protein; recognition; replication; respiratory; response; results; rig; rna; role; sars; severe; signalling; specific; strategies; studies; study; systems; target; technologies; therapy; tissue; transcriptional; treatment; type; understanding; vaccine; virus; virus infection; viruses; west
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        item: #128 of 171
          id: cord-312080-pu6m4qad
      author: He, Bing
       title: Three-dimensional cell culture models for investigating human viruses
        date: 2016-10-27
       words: 9047
      flesch: 28
     summary: This review summarizes and analyzes recent progress in human virological research with 3D cell culture models. To overcome these limitations associated with 2D monolayers and animal models, various types of 3D cell culture models have been developed (Edmondson et al., 2014) .
    keywords: 3d cell; 3d culture; 3d models; addition; adenovirus; advances; agents; andrei; animal; antiviral; applications; associated; barrila; biology; bioreactor; cancer; cell; cell culture; cellular; cervical; complex; conditions; control; cui; culture; culture models; culture system; current; cycle; development; differentiation; dimensional; discovery; disease; drug; effective; effects; engineering; epithelial; et al; expression; factors; flow; function; future; gene; gingival; goodwin; growth; hcv; hepatitis; herpes; hev; high; hiv; host; hpv; hsv; human; infection; interactions; keratinocytes; lack; levitation; life; limited; magnetic; matrigel; matrix; mechanisms; method; microenvironment; microfluidic; migration; models; multicellular; new; normal; norovirus; novel; organotypic; papillomavirus; pathogenesis; pathogens; physiological; platform; potential; primary; production; progress; proliferation; raft; raft cultures; recent; replication; research; researchers; results; rfb; risk; rotating; rwv; scaffold; science; shear; similar; specific; spheroids; studies; study; system; therapy; time; tissue; tool; traditional; tumor; types; understanding; useful; vessel; viral; virology; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; vzv; years; zoster
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        item: #129 of 171
          id: cord-314148-5xisw9au
      author: Hasony, Hassan J.
       title: Prevalence of human coronavirus antibody in the population of southern iraq
        date: 2005-12-06
       words: 2763
      flesch: 50
     summary: This probably does not reflect significant differences in antibody prevalence in these populations, but rather the sensitivity of the assays used; our ELISA is more sensitive for detecting HCV antibody than many other assays Most previous studies have revealed no antigenic relationship between the HCV 229E and HCV OC43 group viruses
    keywords: 229e; absorbance; antibodies; antibody; antigenic; basrah; bradburne; brain; common; coronavirus; elisa; et al; groups; hcv; human; infections; iraq; macnaughton; mcintosh; monto; mouse; oc43; paris; population; prevalence; samples; sera; serum; significant; studies; study; values; viruses; volunteers
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        item: #130 of 171
          id: cord-314254-9ye8tfvz
      author: Pfaender, Stephanie
       title: Natural reservoirs for homologs of hepatitis C virus
        date: 2014-03-26
       words: 6843
      flesch: 42
     summary: I. Transmission of disease, serial passages, and description of liver lesions Identification of two flavivirus-like genomes in the GB hepatitis agent Isolation of novel virus-like sequences associated with human hepatitis Molecular cloning and disease association of hepatitis G virus: a transfusion-transmissible agent Identification of GBV-D, a novel GB-like flavivirus from old world frugivorous bats (Pteropus giganteus) in Bangladesh Molecular characterization of the hepatitis G virus Sequence and genomic organization of GBV-C: a novel member of the flaviviridae associated with human non-A-E hepatitis Characterization of hepatitis G virus (GB-C virus) particles: evidence for a nucleocapsid and expression of sequences upstream of the E1 protein The GB viruses: a review and proposed classification of GBV-A, GBV-C (HGV), and GBV-D in genus Pegivirus within the family Flaviviridae Expanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: updated criteria and assignment web resource Hepatitis C viral dynamics in vivo and the antiviral efficacy of interferon-alpha therapy Consensus proposals for a unified system of nomenclature of hepatitis C virus genotypes Genetic diversity and evolution of hepatitis C virus-15 years on New insights into the HCV quasispecies and compartmentalization Epidemiology of hepatitis C: geographic differences and temporal trends The epidemic behavior of the hepatitis C virus The origin and evolution of hepatitis viruses in humans Glycosylation of hepatitis C virus envelope proteins Role of N-linked glycans in the functions of hepatitis C virus envelope proteins incorporated into infectious virions Nonprimate hepaciviruses in domestic horses, United kingdom A novel hepacivirus with an unusually long and intrinsically disordered NS5A protein in a wild Old World primate Bats: important reservoir hosts of emerging viruses Bats and their virome: an important source of emerging viruses capable of infecting humans Bats carry pathogenic hepadnaviruses antigenically related to hepatitis B virus and capable of infecting human hepatocytes Analysis of hepatitis C virus intrahost diversity across the coding region by ultradeep pyrosequencing Identification of a previously undescribed divergent virus from the Flaviviridae family in an outbreak of equine serum hepatitis Identification of a pegivirus (GB virus-like virus) that infects horses A cross-species view on viruses Global trends in emerging infectious diseases A strategy to estimate unknown viral diversity in mammals Virology: the virus whose family expanded Bats and viruses: friend or foe? To date, there is no evidence for an animal reservoir of viruses closely related to hepatitis C virus which may have crossed the species barrier to cause disease in humans and resulted in the current pandemic.
    keywords: analyses; animals; bats; bhv; c virus; chv; clade; clinical; colleagues; cross; different; discovery; disease; diverse; diversity; dogs; encode; evidence; family; figure; flaviviridae; gbv; genetic; genome; genotypes; genus; ghv; group; hcv; hepaciviral; hepaciviruses; hepatitis; high; horses; host; humans; identification; identity; immune; infected; infection; levels; like; liver; mammalian; mir-122; multiple; new; non; novel; nphv; ns3; ns5a; ns5b; pegivirus; polyprotein; positive; presence; proteins; range; recent; regions; related; replication; research; rhv; rna; rodents; samples; sequence; sera; serum; single; sites; species; structural; studies; table; tdav; transmission; utr; variants; viral; virus; viruses; world; years
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        item: #131 of 171
          id: cord-314567-purplsjn
      author: Fernández-Ponce, Cecilia
       title: Ultrastructural Localization and Molecular Associations of HCV Capsid Protein in Jurkat T Cells
        date: 2018-01-04
       words: 7982
      flesch: 24
     summary: Among them, HCV core protein has been widely associated with pathogenicity, virulence, immune evasion and immune regulation (Dominguez-Villar et al., 2007 , 2012a Waggoner et al., 2007; However, the underlying molecular processes, as well as the behavior of HCV core protein or its interactions with host cell components, remain unclear.
    keywords: 2012a; addition; alterations; analysis; anti; antibody; assembly; associations; beads; binding; biological; buffer; c virus; capsid; cd4; cell cycle; cells; cellular; coated; control; core; core protein; coronavirus; cycle; cytoplasm; data; disease; dominguez; doumba; dynamic; essential; et al; expression; factors; fernandez; figure; findings; function; genes; gfp; hcv; hcv core; helicases; hepatitis; hiscox; host; human; immune; infected; infection; interaction; intracellular; jurkat; jurkat cells; jurkat t; lentiviral; like; lines; lipid; localization; lymphocytes; mass; mechanisms; min; molecular; networks; nolss; non; nuclear; nucleocapsid; nucleolar; nucleolar localization; nucleolar proteins; nucleolus; nucleus; order; pathways; patients; pbs; peptide; ponce; ponce et; presence; processing; production; progression; proliferation; protein; pull; range; regulation; regulatory; relevant; replication; ribosomal; rna; sections; sequence; software; spectrometry; studies; study; subcellular; system; t cells; trafficking; transduced; villar; villar et; viral; viral proteins; virus; virus core; viruses; work
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        item: #132 of 171
          id: cord-314753-xflhxb13
      author: Manso, Carmen F.
       title: Efficient and unbiased metagenomic recovery of RNA virus genomes from human plasma samples
        date: 2017-06-23
       words: 6344
      flesch: 38
     summary: key: cord-314753-xflhxb13 authors: Manso, Carmen F.; Bibby, David F.; Mbisa, Jean L. title: Efficient and unbiased metagenomic recovery of RNA virus genomes from human plasma samples date: 2017-06-23 journal: Sci Rep DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02239-5 sha: doc_id: 314753 cord_uid: xflhxb13 RNA viruses cause significant human pathology and are responsible for the majority of emerging zoonoses. The percentage of reads mapping to RNA virus genomes in the rRNA-depleted BBV Panel samples was between 40 and 150-fold higher than in corresponding untreated controls.
    keywords: adaptor; amplification; analysis; approach; bbv; blood; clinical; complete; contigs; control; coverages; data; depletion; depth; detection; digestion; diluted; dilution; diverse; dna; exception; extraction; extracts; fastq; final; fold; frequency; generation; genome; genotype; hcv; hepatitis; hev; hiv; host; hpgv; human; identification; input; kit; length; libraries; library; loads; low; mapping; material; median; metagenomic; method; negative; new; nhp; novel; nucleic; number; panel; patient; pbs; pegivirus; percentage; plasma; preparation; protocol; quantification; reads; reference; riboerase; rna; rrna; samples; sequences; sequencing; series; set; single; subtype; supplementary; table; target; ultra; untreated; viral; virus; viruses; vmr
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        item: #133 of 171
          id: cord-316703-8kxx3034
      author: Parera, Mariona
       title: Canine Hepacivirus NS3 Serine Protease Can Cleave the Human Adaptor Proteins MAVS and TRIF
        date: 2012-08-01
       words: 4200
      flesch: 46
     summary: Expression of NS3/4A proteases with a mutated version of NS4 partially abolished wildtype MAVS or TRIF repressor cleavage (Fig. 4) ; specifically, mutations in NS4 had less impact in the activity of CHV NS3/4A protease than in the activity of HCV NS3/4A protease (Fig. 4B) . We found that CHV NS3/4A protease could process, with comparable efficiency, the specific MAVS and TRIF cleavage sites known to be processed in vivo by HCV NS3/4A protease [14, 15] .
    keywords: activity; adaptor; antiviral; assayed; canine; catalytic; cells; chv; chv ns3/4a; cleavage; cleavage sites; construct; dogs; efficiency; expression; fig; gbv; genetic; genotype; hcv; hepacivirus; hepatitis; horses; human; immune; infection; inhibitors; innate; lambda; macrocyclic; mavs; mutant; nphv; ns3/4a; ns3/4a protease; ns4; protease; protein; related; repressor; residues; restriction; rig; screen; sequence; sites; specific; study; trif; type; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #134 of 171
          id: cord-316968-rowoylge
      author: Zhang, Wenjuan
       title: Using maximum likelihood method to detect adaptive evolution of HCV envelope protein-coding genes
        date: 2006
       words: 3536
      flesch: 44
     summary: Maximum likelihood (ML) method with codon-substitution models is a powerful statistic tool for detecting amino acid sites under positive selection and adaptive evolution. It is employed not only to select the best phylogenic tree that fit the real data [1] , but also to detect select pressure on sites under different codon substitution models, especially for amino acid sites undergoing positive selection [8] .
    keywords: acid; adaptive; amino; analysis; cell; codon; data; different; diversity; envelope; evolution; genetic; genotypes; hcv; hepatitis; high; host; hvr1; hypervariable; immune; likelihood; m1a; m2a; maximum; method; models; mutation; parsimony; positive; pressure; protein; ratio; region; response; selection; sequences; sites; specific; study; substitution; virus
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        item: #135 of 171
          id: cord-317595-siwzjeea
      author: Forni, Diego
       title: Evolutionary Analysis Provides Insight Into the Origin and Adaptation of HCV
        date: 2018-05-01
       words: 9946
      flesch: 40
     summary: Most RAVs naturally occur in treatment-naive patients and in some instances RAV prevalence differs among genotypes or subtypes (Rai and Deval, 2011; Bartenschlager et al., 2013; RAVs were obtained by merging six recently compiled lists of naturally occurring variants associated with DAA resistance (Rai and Deval, 2011; Bartenschlager et al., 2013; Lontok et al., 2015; Cannalire et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2016; Patino-Galindo et al., 2016) .
    keywords: abs; acid; adaptation; africa; alignment; amino; analysis; ancestor; approach; asia; association; bats; binding; branch; branches; c virus; cd81; cell; codons; common; different; diversity; docking; domain; drug; ehv; endemic; entry; estimate; et al; evidence; evolutionary; figure; gard; genetic; genome; genotypes; hcv; hepaciviruses; hepatitis; horses; host; human; ifn; infection; interface; kapoor; kapoor et; kosakovsky; likelihood; likely; long; mammalian; methods; model; molecular; molecules; multiple; new; non; ns4b; ns5a; ns5b; oas1; ocln; origin; phylogeny; pkr; pond; populations; positions; positive; presence; protein; purifying; pybus; rate; rav; ravs; rdp4; receptor; recombination; region; rel; residues; resistance; results; saturation; scheel; selected; selection; selective; sequences; simmonds; sites; species; sphingomyelin; spread; strains; structural; substitution; subtypes; supplementary; table; test; time; tmrca; transmission; treatment; value; variants; variation; viral; virus; wertheim; wertheim et; years
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        item: #136 of 171
          id: cord-318853-mxyxwkhx
      author: Sallie, Richard
       title: Replicative homeostasis II: Influence of polymerase fidelity on RNA virus quasispecies biology: Implications for immune recognition, viral autoimmunity and other "virus receptor" diseases
        date: 2005-08-22
       words: 10548
      flesch: 17
     summary: Of necessity, some receptor affinity studies have used cloned viral protein ligands, an artificial situation that cannot approach the phenotypic complexity of RNA viral protein quasispecies. Viral receptor disease is a unifying hypothesis that may also explain some diseases with well-established, but multi-factorial and apparently unrelated aetiologies – like coronary artery and other vascular diseases – in addition to diseases like schizophrenia that are poorly understood and lack plausible, coherent, pathogenic explanations.
    keywords: active; acute; adaptive; affinity; analysis; antibodies; antigenic; associated; association; autoimmune; autoimmunity; binding; blood; brain; broad; c virus; cause; cell; cellular; chronic; clearance; clinical; common; complex; concentrations; consensus; control; corresponding; dementia; detection; development; diabetes; disease; distribution; diversity; dna; early; eerna; effect; endothelial; entry; envelope; envelope proteins; epidemic; equilibrium; escape; evidence; evolutionary; expression; factor; fidelity; figure; following; frequency; function; gene; genetic; genomic; geq; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv; homeostasis; hormone; host; human; hypertension; immune; immune responses; immunological; important; infection; inflammatory; influenza; insulin; interactions; kinetics; lack; leptin; level; like; liver; long; low; major; maternal; mechanism; mellitus; molecules; mutations; non; normal; obesity; particular; patients; pcr; phenotypic; pol; pol fidelity; polymerase; polymorphism; population; possible; primary; processivity; progressive; properties; proteins; quasispecies; receptor; recognition; related; relationship; replication; resistance; responses; results; risk; rna; rna pol; rna quasispecies; rna virus; rnas; schizophrenia; self; sequence; serum; similar; specific; spectrum; surface; survival; synthesis; system; threshold; tissue; translation; type; variable; variant; variant viral; variations; vascular; viraemia; viral; viral envelope; viral proteins; viral quasispecies; viral replication; viral rna; virus; virus infection; viruses; weeks; wild; ~10
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        item: #137 of 171
          id: cord-319754-5isw53wl
      author: Balgoma, David
       title: Lipidomics Issues on Human Positive ssRNA Virus Infection: An Update
        date: 2020-08-31
       words: 12122
      flesch: 37
     summary: This energetic burden has been demonstrated to be afforded by the cooperation of three fusion peptides in influenza virus membrane fusion [23] , whereas two adjacent trimers of the fusion protein are required in West Nile virus [24] . This process implies viral envelope and host cell membrane fusion, for which an energetically cost-effective barrier must be overcome.
    keywords: acid; actin; activation; activity; antiviral; attachment; aup1; authors; autophagy; bilayer; binding; c virus; caveolae; cell; cell lipid; cell membrane; ceramide; changes; cholesterol; clathrin; composition; content; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; curvature; cycle; dehydration; denv; dependent; different; direct; diverse; dmvs; double; early; effect; efficient; endocytic; endocytosis; endosomes; entry; enveloped; essential; evidence; factor; family; fatty; figure; formation; function; fusion peptide; hcv; hemifusion; hepatitis; high; host; host cell; host membrane; induced; infected; infection; influenza; influenza virus; inhibition; inner; interaction; interferon; internalization; known; leaflet; likely; lipid; lipid composition; lipid metabolism; lipid rafts; liposomes; loop; mechanisms; membrane; membrane fusion; membrane lipid; metabolism; necessary; negative; non; outer; particular; pathway; peptide; phase; phospholipid; pip2; place; plasma; pore; positive; process; protein; rafts; recent; receptor; regulation; related; relevant; replication; research; response; results; rna; role; sars; signaling; specific; spike; stage; stalk; step; studies; study; synthesis; target; type; vesicles; viral; viral fusion; viral membrane; virus; virus entry; virus infection; virus proteins; virus replication; viruses
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        item: #138 of 171
          id: cord-321053-lgae22f8
      author: Gerold, Gisa
       title: Opportunities and Risks of Host-targeting Antiviral Strategies for Hepatitis C
        date: 2013-10-04
       words: 9425
      flesch: 38
     summary: Notably, recent evidence suggests that among the different factors of the VLDL pathway implicated in HCV virus production, only ApoE is absolutely essential, since production of infectious HCV can be reconstituted in an engineered human kidney derived cell line (293 T), which does not produce VLDL and lacks endogenous expression of MTTP and ApoB A recent study suggests that several lab-generated variants of SCARB1 all efficiently support HCV cell entry
    keywords: activity; adverse; alisporivir; alpha; antibodies; antiviral; assembly; barrier; binding; c virus; cd81; cell; cholesterol; chronic; cldn1; clinical; combination; complex; compounds; critical; culture; cycle; cyclophilin; cypa; daas; dependent; development; different; direct; drug; effects; efficacy; efficient; egfr; emergence; entry; erlotinib; essential; evidence; expression; factors; free; function; future; genetic; genome; genotype; hcv; hepatitis; hepatocytes; high; host; htas; human; ifn; ifnα; il28b; induced; infected; infection; inhibition; inhibitors; interaction; interferon; itx; kinase; levels; life; like; likely; lipid; lipoprotein; liver; low; mice; mir-122; miravirsen; molecules; mutations; new; non; novel; ns5a; numerous; particles; patients; phase; phosphorylation; pi4kiiiα; possible; preclinical; production; proteins; recent; receptor; reduced; replication; resistance; response; ribavirin; rna; role; scarb1; scy-635; serum; site; small; specific; strategies; studies; study; targets; therapies; therapy; transmission; treatment; trials; usage; variants; viral; virus; viruses; vivo
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        item: #139 of 171
          id: cord-321230-b5a1z14w
      author: Samji, Hasina
       title: Drug-related deaths in a population-level cohort of people living with and without hepatitis C virus in British Columbia, Canada
        date: 2020-10-19
       words: 5476
      flesch: 38
     summary: The Lancet Psychiatry Modelling the combined impact of interventions in averting deaths during a synthetic-opioid overdose epidemic Prevalence of injecting drug use and coverage of interventions to prevent HIV and hepatitis C virus infection among people who inject drugs in Canada Changing dynamics of the drug overdose epidemic in the United States from 1979 through Identifying injection drug use and estimating population size of people who inject drugs using healthcare administrative datasets Assessing hepatitis C burden and treatment effectiveness through the British Columbia hepatitis testers cohort (BC-HTC): Design and characteristics of linked and unlinked participants Twin epidemics of new and prevalent hepatitis C infections in Canada: BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort The impact of HCV SVR from direct acting antiviral and interferon-based treatments on mortality in a large population based cohort study Changes in synthetic opioid involvement in drug overdose deaths in the United States Known fentanyl use among clients of harm reduction sites in British Columbia What is killing people with hepatitis C virus infection? The median age of DRD in our study among HCV-negative individuals was 37 years (vs. 49 years among PLHCV); similarly, provincial data on overdose deaths illustrates that people between the ages of 30 and 39 years had the highest rate of illicit drug overdose deaths (57.4 per 100,000 person years) in 2018 (BC Coroners Service, 2020a).
    keywords: age; agency; british; canada; codes; cohort; columbia; control; coroners; data; deaths; deprivation; disease; drds; drug; epidemic; et al; fentanyl; fold; hbv; hcv; health; hepatitis; higher; hiv; icd-10; illicit; illness; impact; increase; individuals; infection; investigation; involvement; life; liver; material; mental; mortality; negative; negative individuals; new; non; opioid; overdose; people; plhcv; population; prescription; proportion; public; pwid; rates; risk; service; social; study; synthetic; testers; time; treatment; use; virus; years
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        item: #140 of 171
          id: cord-321505-m40s6uw9
      author: Sakamoto, Naoya
       title: Inhibition of hepatitis C virus infection and expression in vitro and in vivo by recombinant adenovirus expressing short hairpin RNA
        date: 2007-08-07
       words: 4429
      flesch: 37
     summary: 14 Briefly, five siRNA targeting the 5′-UTR of HCV RNA were tested for their efficiency to inhibit HCV replication, and the most effective sequence, which targeted nucleotide position of 331 though 351, was used in the present study. Similarly, infection of AxshRNA-HCV into Huh7.5.1/ HCV-JFH1 cells specifically suppressed expression of HCV RNA (Fig. 6b) .
    keywords: activity; adenovirus; antibody; axshrna; bsd; cells; control; core; cre; culture; delivery; dna; effective; effects; efficient; expression; feo; fig; fluc; gene; hcv; hepatitis; huh7; human; induced; infection; inhibition; interference; interferon; invitrogen; japan; levels; liver; luciferase; mice; mrna; prep; protein; recombinant; replication; replicon; responses; results; retrovirus; rnai; rnas; roche; sequence; shrna; silencing; small; specific; study; suppression; system; target; tissue; total; transfection; transgenic; usa; vectors; viral; virus; vitro; vivo
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        item: #141 of 171
          id: cord-321773-5fw9abzl
      author: Cheng, Wenyu
       title: DDX5 RNA Helicases: Emerging Roles in Viral Infection
        date: 2018-04-09
       words: 6757
      flesch: 42
     summary: DDX5 binds to the viral 3 -UTR and colocalize with viral RNA, which promotes virus RNA replication but not in viral protein translation. By exploiting the driving force of DDX5-mediated ATP hydrolysis or assembling large ribonucleoprotein complexes, RNA viruses can complete their life cycles.
    keywords: activity; acts; antiviral; asp; atp; binding; box; cancer; cells; cellular; complex; conserved; coronavirus; cov; cycle; cytoplasm; ddx17; ddx3; ddx5; dead; dependent; development; different; dna; encephalitis; export; expression; factors; family; function; gene; genome; h5n1; hbv; hcv; helicase; hepatitis; host; human; identification; infected; infection; influenza; interaction; japanese; jev; knockdown; large; life; motif; mrna; myxv; nonstructural; ns3; ns5b; nsp9; nuclear; nucleus; p68; polymerase; porcine; positive; potential; proteins; prrsv; region; regulation; replication; reproductive; respiratory; response; rev; rna; rna helicase; role; sars; single; sirna; small; specific; splicing; structural; studies; study; syndrome; target; tat; terminal; transcription; translation; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #142 of 171
          id: cord-323963-whv88ggl
      author: Fan, Xiaofeng
       title: Efficient amplification and cloning of near full-length hepatitis C virus genome from clinical samples
        date: 2006-08-11
       words: 5723
      flesch: 47
     summary: However, there has been limited success in applying this concept to the amplification of large RNA genomes that require the reverse transcription (RT) step prior to PCR amplification. Taken together, the quantitation of viral diversity, if present at a high level within a given sample, is largely underestimated and/or biased by current protocols for PCR amplification and cloning.
    keywords: activity; amplification; analysis; annealing; buffer; cdna; clones; cloning; diversity; dna; domains; efficient; elongation; fragment; genetic; genome; genotype; hcv; hepatitis; hvr1; iii; invitrogen; kit; large; length; liv19; liv23; long; low; lrp; min; mixed; multiple; near; optimization; pcr; polymerase; positive; potential; primers; priming; product; protocol; qr2; quasispecies; reaction; recombinant; recombination; results; reverse; rna; round; rtth; samples; secondary; sequence; serum; similar; step; strategy; structure; superscript; synthesis; temperature; templates; transcriptase; trnc-21; viral; virus
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        item: #143 of 171
          id: cord-324054-d71rj29o
      author: Zhang, Xuming
       title: The hemagglutinin/esterase gene of human coronavirus strain OC43: Phylogenetic relationships to bovine and murine coronaviruses and influenza C virus
        date: 1992-01-31
       words: 2361
      flesch: 59
     summary: By analogy to BCV HE gene, these results suggest that the predicted large ORF 2b represents mRNA 2-l of HCV-OC43 and BRCV-G95, encoding the HE glycoprotein. An open reading frame of 1272 nucleotides was identified as the putative HE gene by homology to the bovine coronavirus HE gene.
    keywords: a59; acid; alignment; amino; analysis; bcv; bcvs; bovine; brcv; cdna; cells; coronaviruses; diseases; fig; g95; genes; hcv; human; icv; identical; jhm; mhv; oc43; phylogenetic; protein; related; respiratory; sequence; similar; strain; terminus
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        item: #144 of 171
          id: cord-324559-p92y5er2
      author: None
       title: cord-324559-p92y5er2
        date: None
       words: 14724
      flesch: 44
     summary: Increasing reports on human PRV infection cases in China have recently indicated that PRV poses a significant threat to public health in China, especially in people in close contact with sick pigs and/or related pork products/contaminants. 3 , 8 Here we explored a simple data-driven, Boltzmann functionbased approach for estimation only based on the daily cumulative number of confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 (Note: the rational for Boltzmann function-based regression analysis is presented in supporting information (SI) file).
    keywords: 2019; absence; addition; adults; age; analysis; animal; antibiotics; areas; assay; authors; available; bacterial; bal; care; cases; cfu; characteristics; children; china; chinese; chronic; clinical; close; colistin; colleagues; complete; contact; control; coronavirus; countries; cov-2; crkp; culture; daa; data; days; detection; determined; diagnosis; different; direct; disease; distribution; drugs; ehv; ehv1; emergence; enterobacterales; epidemic; epidemiological; equine; europe; features; fever; fig; findings; following; gene; government; group; hcv; health; hepatitis; high; hospital; hospitalized; hubei; human; immunosuppressive; infants; infected; infection; information; intervention; isolates; january; jirovecii; journal; klebsiella; laboratory; large; lassa; leishmaniasis; likely; lower; mcr; medical; molecular; n =; national; negative; neomycin; new; nigeria; non; novel; number; observed; oral; origin; outbreak; patients; pcr; people; period; personal; pertussis; pigs; pjp; plasmid; pneumocystis; pneumoniae; positive; potential; presence; present; prevalence; prevention; protective; province; prv; pseudorabies; psoriasis; public; rate; real; recent; regimens; related; reported; research; resistance; respiratory; response; results; review; rheumatic; risk; samples; sars; serotype; shipyard; significant; similar; spain; spd; species; specific; specimens; spread; standard; stool; strains; studies; study; subjects; susceptible; symptoms; table; testing; therapy; threat; time; total; transmission; treatment; unit; use; vaccination; vaccine; values; viral; work; workers; world; wuhan; years
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        item: #145 of 171
          id: cord-324984-ojrpsdt9
      author: Ji, Xingyue
       title: Medicinal chemistry strategies toward host targeting antiviral agents
        date: 2020-02-14
       words: 16870
      flesch: 33
     summary: HSP-90 inhibitors reduce CHIKV infection and inflammation in vivo Hsp90 inhibitors exhibit resistance-free antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus Molecular chaperone Hsp90 is a therapeutic target for noroviruses Heat shock protein 90 facilitates formation of the HBV capsid via interacting with the HBV core protein dimers Hsp90, an unlikely ally in the war on cancer Geldanamycin, a ligand of heat shock protein 90, inhibits herpes simplex virus type 2 replication both in vitro and in vivo Geldanamycin, a ligand of heat shock protein 90, inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro Inhibition of heat-shock protein 90 reduces Ebola virus replication Heat shock protein 90 controls HIV-1 reactivation from latency Hsp90 inhibitors reduce influenza virus replication in cell culture Hsp90 inhibitors exhibit resistance-free antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus Evolutionary constraints on chaperone-mediated folding provide an antiviral approach refractory to development of drug resistance A novel class of geldanamycin derivatives as HCV replication inhibitors targeting on Hsp90: synthesis, structure-activity relationships and anti-HCV activity in GS4.3 replicon cells Synthesis and biological evaluation of heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors: geldanamycin derivatives with broad antiviral activities Hsp90 inhibitor AT-533 blocks HSV-1 nuclear egress and assembly Inhibition of heat-shock protein 90 reduces Ebola virus replication Inhibition of HSP90 attenuates porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus production in vitro Hsp90 molecular chaperone inhibitors: are we there yet? but not in patients in a randomized clinical trial Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase requires the mammalian chaperone hsp90 for proper localization to the nucleus Nuclear transport of Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase is dependent on the BMRF1 polymerase processivity factor and molecular chaperone Hsp90 Involvement of Hsp90 in assembly and nuclear import of influenza virus RNA polymerase subunits Geldanamycin, a potent and specific inhibitor of Hsp90, inhibits gene expression and replication of human cytomegalovirus Human butyrate-induced transcript 1 interacts with hepatitis C virus NS5A and regulates viral replication Antiviral activity and RNA polymerase degradation following Hsp90 inhibition in a range of negative strand viruses Chikungunya virus nsP3 & nsP4 interacts with HSP-90 to promote virus replication:
    keywords: acid; active; activities; activity; addition; adverse; agents; analogues; antagonist; antiviral; antiviral activity; antiviral agents; apobec3; assembly; associated; barrier; binding; bioavailability; block; broad; c virus; cancer; ccr5; cells; cellular; chaperone; chemical; chemokine; chronic; class; clinical; combination; complex; compound; concentration; csa; csgalnact-1; cxcr4; cyclophilin; cyps; daas; data; degradation; dengue; denv; derivatives; design; development; dgat-1; different; direct; discovered; dna; dosage; drug; ebov; effects; efficacy; entry; enzyme; erα; essential; example; expression; factor; fda; figure; folding; functions; gak; genetic; genotype; glucosidase; group; hbv; hcv; hcv activity; hcv replication; heat; hepatitis; high; hiv-1; host; hsc70; hsp90; htas; human; identification; ifn; immunodeficiency; impdh; improved; infected; infections; influenza; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; interaction; interferon; intracellular; involved; kinase; kinase inhibitors; lead; level; life; low; major; mechanism; mice; micromolar; modifications; molecular; molecule; multiple; new; nitazoxanide; novel; ntcp; observed; optimization; oral; pathways; patients; phase; polymerase; polypeptide; potent; potent antiviral; potential; profiles; promising; protein; range; rbv; receptor; replication; resistance; response; restriction; results; ribavirin; rna; roles; safety; selective; series; severe; shock; significant; site; small; specific; spectrum; spectrum antiviral; strategy; structure; studies; study; synthesis; targeting; targets; therapy; toxicity; treatment; trial; tropic; tropism; type; values; vif; viral infections; viral proteins; virus; virus replication; viruses; vitro; vivo; wide
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        item: #146 of 171
          id: cord-325989-nf6ouaq3
      author: Es-Saad, Salwa
       title: Regulators of innate immunity as novel targets for panviral therapeutics
        date: 2012-09-24
       words: 3735
      flesch: 23
     summary: Negative regulation of innate immune response and pathological consequences Antiviral innate response must be tightly regulated in order to prevent uncontrolled production of cytokines that might have deleterious effects on the host. Posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation and ubiquitination) have emerged as key mechanisms to regulate innate immune responses.
    keywords: activation; adaptive; adjuvant; agonists; antiviral; cells; chronic; clinical; cytokines; development; effects; efficacy; future; hcv; hepatitis; host; human; ifn; ifns; immune; immunity; immunomodulatory; infected; infections; inflammatory; influenza; innate; interest; interferon; key; like; molecules; negative; new; novel; panviral; pathogen; patients; phase; potential; production; proteins; prr; receptors; recognition; regulation; regulators; responses; rig; rna; sensing; signaling; specific; system; targeted; targeting; targets; therapeutics; therapies; therapy; tlr; tlrs; toll; treatment; type; vaccine; viral; virus; viruses
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        item: #147 of 171
          id: cord-326217-ji0njeha
      author: Saleh, Maged
       title: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Enhances Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Supporting miR-122
        date: 2018-11-27
       words: 4744
      flesch: 37
     summary: To assess whether both GSK3 isoforms are required for HCV replication, we silenced GSK3α and / or GSK3β gene expression by transfecting siRNAs and quantified HCV RNA in Huh-7.5 cells harboring HCV subgenomic replicon (Con1) or infectious HCV (Jc1). As shown in Figure 4A (upper panel), silencing of GSK3β gene expression resulted in a substantial decrease of HCV RNA levels of both the subgenomic replicon and the full-length HCV construct, whereas silencing of GSK3α gene expression had only a minor effect on HCV replication.
    keywords: cells; chir99021; chronic; con1; control; cycle; data; diabetes; effect; et al; experiments; expression; factor; figure; gapdh; gene; genome; genotype; glycogen; gsk3; hcv; hcv replication; hepatitis; hev; host; huh-7.5; important; infection; inhibition; inhibitors; insulin; jc1; key; kinase; lange; length; levels; life; liver; mean; metabolism; microrna; mir-122; ns5b; phosphorylation; production; protein; receptor; replication; replicon; resistance; response; results; rna; role; sem; signaling; silencing; specific; study; subgenomic; synthase; treatment; value; viral; virus
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        item: #148 of 171
          id: cord-327135-4c2flue4
      author: Chinnaswamy, S
       title: Gene–disease association with human IFNL locus polymorphisms extends beyond hepatitis C virus infections
        date: 2016-06-09
       words: 9838
      flesch: 39
     summary: A recent report compared the strength of association of rs4803217 and rs368234815 in IFN treatment response in HCV-infected African Americans, who have the lowest reported LD values among all ethnicities between rs368234815 and rs12979860 SNPs (Figure 1b) . In case of IFN treatment response in chronic HCV infections, even though the IFN-λ4 -generating SNP can explain a large amount of variance in the observed phenotypes, 107 questions still remain on its role in spontaneous clearance of HCV.
    keywords: adaptive; african; allele; allergy; analysis; antiviral; associated; association; beneficial; cells; chronic; clearance; cmv; cohort; conditions; different; discovery; disease; dna; dominant; effect; epithelial; expression; figure; functional; functional ifn; gene; genetic; genotype; group; ham; hbv; hcv; hepatic; hepatitis; herpes; higher; hiv; host; htlv-1; human; ifn; ifnl; ifnl snps; ifns; iii; il28b; ilcs; immune; immunity; individuals; infected; infections; inflammation; inheritance; innate; interferon; interleukin; lambda; levels; liver; load; major; mice; minor; model; mrna; nafld; non; number; patients; polymorphisms; positive; progression; proviral; recent; receptor; ref; replication; report; reported; response; results; role; rs12979860; rs368234815; rs8099917; seronegative; similar; snps; spontaneous; strong; studies; study; subjects; th1; th2; therapy; treatment; tsp; type; viral; virus
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        item: #149 of 171
          id: cord-330110-pamxy4av
      author: Teissier, Elodie
       title: Mechanism of Inhibition of Enveloped Virus Membrane Fusion by the Antiviral Drug Arbidol
        date: 2011-01-25
       words: 9290
      flesch: 43
     summary: This could result in conformational rearrangements and, in the context of Arb fusion inhibition, aromatic residues might consequently become more or less accessible to Arb molecules present in their vicinity. Arb concentration in solution was measured at 280 nm in the supernatant (Arb extinction coefficient = 9510 M 21 .cm 21 ).
    keywords: absence; acidic; activity; addition; affinity; analyte; antiviral; apparent; arb; arbidol; aromatic; association; bilayer; binding; broad; c virus; cell; chip; chol; concentrations; conformational; data; dependent; depth; derivatives; dmpc; effect; entry; envelope; environment; equilibrium; experiments; figure; final; flow; fluorescence; function; fusion; genotypes; glycoprotein; group; hcv; hcvpp; hepatitis; ic50; immersion; indole; infection; infectivity; influenza; inhibition; inhibitory; inhibits; interaction; interface; key; lipid; liposomes; low; mechanism; membrane; membrane fusion; micelles; micromolar; min; mixing; model; molar; molecules; nmr; ns4a; observed; order; paramagnetic; peptides; phospholipid; presence; present; properties; protein; protons; pseudoparticles; range; region; relaxation; residues; resonance; section; sensor; signal; solution; spectra; spectroscopy; spectrum; structure; studies; surface; table; target; time; toe; trp; tryptophan; values; viral; virus; viruses; water
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        item: #150 of 171
          id: cord-332422-s15o0hie
      author: Belouzard, Sandrine
       title: Hepatitis C virus entry into the hepatocyte
        date: 2011-11-07
       words: 7000
      flesch: 44
     summary: The tight junction proteins claudin-1, -6, and -9 are entry cofactors for hepatitis C virus Residues in a highly conserved claudin-1 motif are required for hepatitis C virus entry and mediate the formation of cell-cell contacts Mouse-specific residues of claudin-1 limit hepatitis C virus genotype 2a infection in a human hepatocyte cell line The tight junction-associated protein occludin is required for a postbinding step in hepatitis C virus entry and infection Tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin control hepatitis C virus entry and are downregulated during infection to prevent superinfection Speciesspecific regions of occludin required by hepatitis C virus for cell entry Glucocorticosteroids increase cell entry by hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus envelope components alter localization of hepatocyte tight junctionassociated proteins and promote occludin retention in the endoplasmic reticulum Hepatitis C virus entry into hepatocytes: Molecular mechanisms and targets for antiviral therapies The lowdensity lipoprotein receptor plays a role in the infection of primary human hepatocytes by hepatitis C virus Apolipoprotein E on hepatitis C virion facilitates infection through interaction with low-density lipoprotein receptor CD81 and claudin 1 coreceptor association: role in hepatitis C virus entry Claudin association with CD81 defines hepatitis C virus entry Inhibition of hepatitis C virus infection by anti-claudin-1 antibodies is mediated by neutralization of E2-CD81-claudin-1 associations EGFR and EphA2 are host factors for hepatitis C virus entry and possible targets for antiviral therapy RNA interference and single particle tracking analysis of hepatitis C virus Replication of hepatitis C virus Assembly of infectious hepatitis C virus particles Studying HCV cell entry with HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) Hepatitis C virus molecular clones: from cDNA to infectious virus particles in cell culture
    keywords: antibodies; apoe; assembly; association; binding; c virus; cd81; cell; class; claudin-1; cldn1; complex; components; composition; conserved; culture; density; different; disulfide; domain; early; endocytosis; entry; envelope; essential; ewi-2wint; expression; extracellular; factors; family; figure; form; function; fusion; genome; glycoproteins; hcv; hcv entry; hcv infection; hcvpp; hepatitis; hepatocytes; host; human; infection; infectivity; interact; interaction; internalization; ldlr; likely; lipid; lipoproteins; liver; loop; low; major; membrane; model; molecules; ocln; particles; polarized; process; proteins; receptor; region; residues; role; specific; srb1; step; structural; surface; tetraspanin; tight; tjs; transfer; transmembrane; transmission; viral; virion; virus; virus entry
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        item: #151 of 171
          id: cord-332747-u46xryoo
      author: Mingorance, Lidia
       title: Host phosphatidic acid phosphatase lipin1 is rate limiting for functional hepatitis C virus replicase complex formation
        date: 2018-09-18
       words: 10427
      flesch: 31
     summary: These results underscore the role that lipin1 plays at early steps of HCV infection and indicate that either viral entry or a step leading to efficient HCV RNA replication is impaired in these cells. Infection of control and lipin1 isoform-deficient cells with HCV tcp revealed that lipin1α silencing resulted in a strong (85%) reduction in HCV infection while lipin1β silencing resulted in a milder (55%) but significant reduction in HCV infection efficiency ( Fig 4B) .
    keywords: accumulation; acid; actin; activation; activity; aldrich; analysis; aspects; assay; average; biosynthesis; blot; cdna; cells; cellular; clone; comparable; complexes; control; control cells; cultures; cycle; d183; dag; data; day; deficient; deficient cells; different; disease; drm; early; efficiency; entry; experiments; expression; fig; formation; fractions; functions; gene; genotype; hcv; hcv infection; hcv rna; hepatitis; homeostasis; host; hours; human; independent; induction; infected; infection; infectivity; intracellular; lentiviral; levels; limiting; lines; lipid; lipin1; liver; local; luciferase; major; membrane; membranous; metabolism; microscopy; mock; mrna; mutant; nac; non; notion; ns3; phosphatase; phosphatidic; phospholipid; plasmid; polymerase; polyprotein; post; presence; primary; protein; rate; reduced; reduction; regulates; relative; replicase; replication; replicon; reporter; results; rna; role; samples; shlpin1; shrna; significant; silencing; similar; single; specific; step; structures; studies; study; subcellular; subgenomic; supernatants; tcp; titers; tncc; total; transcriptional; transfection; translation; treatment; usa; vectors; vesicles; viral; virus; western; yeast
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        item: #152 of 171
          id: cord-333331-ddcz7zck
      author: Yang, Jin
       title: Detection of hepatitis C virus by an improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay
        date: 2011-05-12
       words: 5212
      flesch: 51
     summary: Adding AP to the Principle of AP in LAMP amplification. When comparing the electrophoresis bands of the products of the AP-LAMP, AP-B3 LAMP and Pre-LAMP assays, the first two showed a similar pattern.
    keywords: amplification; amplified; analysis; assay; b3 lamp; bip; china; clinical; design; detection; dna; electrophoresis; fig; fip; fragments; genotype; green; hcv; hepatitis; house; infected; infection; isothermal; lamp; lamp assay; lamp method; loop; method; min; outer; pathway; patients; pcr; performance; plasma; positive; pre; primer; products; rapid; reaction; real; region; results; reverse; rna; samples; sensitivity; sequence; set; specificity; standard; study; template; test; time; viral; virus
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        item: #153 of 171
          id: cord-334493-rt7gqiev
      author: Ikejiri, Masahiro
       title: 5′-O-Masked 2′-deoxyadenosine analogues as lead compounds for hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapeutic agents
        date: 2007-11-15
       words: 4895
      flesch: 54
     summary: 5 To date, a number of nucleoside analogues, including ribavirin, have been synthesized and tested for anti-HCV activity. On the other hand, it would also be reasonable to consider that compound 9 (or its 5 0 -triphosphate) is one of the real active species since 9 also exhibited anti-HCV activity, though only moderately; in other words, compound 10 operates as a prodrug of 9. 19
    keywords: acetate; activity; analogues; anti; chloride; chromatography; column; compound; ethyl; ethyl acetate; gel; group; hcv; hexane; ice; layer; mixture; mmol; potency; pressure; reduced; residue; resultant; room; room temperature; silica; solution; stirred; stirred solution; temperature; water; water temperature; yield
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        item: #154 of 171
          id: cord-335085-7pxkhgbq
      author: Dessau, R. B.
       title: Coronaviruses in spinal fluid of patients with acute monosymptomatic optic neuritis
        date: 2009-01-29
       words: 2147
      flesch: 57
     summary: The CSF from patients with MS and controls with other neurological disease were analyzed for the presence of human coronaviral RNA sequences. key: cord-335085-7pxkhgbq authors: Dessau, R. B.; Lisby, G.; Frederiksen, J. L. title: Coronaviruses in spinal fluid of patients with acute monosymptomatic optic neuritis date: 2009-01-29 journal: Acta Neurol Scand DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1999.tb01043.x sha: doc_id: 335085 cord_uid: 7pxkhgbq Acute monosymptomatic optic neuritis (AMON) may be an initial symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS).
    keywords: amon; controls; coronaviruses; csf; dna; fluid; gene; hcv; hcv-229e; human; multiple; negative; nucleocapsid; oc43; patients; pcr; polymerase; positive; primers; reaction; rna; samples; sclerosis; sequence; sequencing; spinal; study
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        item: #155 of 171
          id: cord-337285-t6qr41wc
      author: Ikeda, Masanori
       title: Modulation of host metabolism as a target of new antivirals()
        date: 2007-10-10
       words: 8192
      flesch: 43
     summary: Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A, non-B viral hepatitis genome Prevalence of antibody against non-A, non-B hepatitis virus in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma Global surveillance and control of hepatitis C, Report of a WHO Consultation organized in collaboration with the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: past, present, and future Replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNAs in a hepatoma cell line Complete replication of hepatitis C virus in cell culture Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome Robust hepatitis C virus infection in vitro A critical role for the chimpanzee model in the study of hepatitis C Transmission of hepatitis C virus infection to tree shrews Toward a surrogate model for hepatitis C virus: An infectious molecular clone of the GB virus-B hepatitis agent Development of a GB virus B marmoset model and its validation with a novel series of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors Hepatitis C virus replication in mice with chimeric human livers Recent advances in the analysis of HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Structure and function of the hepatitis C virus NS3-NS4A serine proteinase Discovery of SCH446211 (SCH6): a new ketoamide inhibitor of the HCV NS3 serine protease and HCV subgenomic RNA replication In vitro antiviral activity of SCH446211 (SCH6), a novel inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus NS3 serine protease Discovery of (1R,5S VX-950, a novel hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3-4A protease inhibitor, exhibits potent antiviral activities in HCV replicon cells Rapid decline of viral RNA in hepatitis C patients treated with VX-950: a phase Ib, placebo-controlled, randomized study An NS3 protease inhibitor with antiviral effects in humans infected with hepatitis C virus Synthesis and pharmacokinetics of valopicitabine (NM283), an efficient prodrug of the potent anti-HCV agent 2′-Cmethylcytidine Clearance of replicating hepatitis C virus replicon RNAs in cell culture by small interfering RNAs Interference of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by short interfering RNAs Small interfering RNA targeted to hepatitis C virus 5′ nontranslated region exerts potent antiviral effect cDNA microarray analysis to compare HCV subgenomic replicon cells with their cured cells NIM811, a cyclophilin inhibitor, exhibits potent in vitro activity against hepatitis C virus alone or in combination with alpha interferon Cyclophilin B is a functional regulator of hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase Cyclosporin A suppresses replication of hepatitis C virus genome in cultured hepatocytes Specific inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by cyclosporin A Suppression of hepatitis C virus replication by cyclosporin a is mediated by blockade of cyclophilins Diverse effects of cyclosporine on hepatitis C virus strain replication Evaluation of the anti-hepatitis C virus effects of cyclophilin inhibitors, cyclosporin A, and NIM811 The non-immunosuppressive cyclosporin DEBIO-025 is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication in vitro Combined interferon alpha2b and cyclosporin The effect of ribavirin and IMPDH inhibitors on hepatitis C virus subgenomic replicon RNA Glycosylation of hepatitis C virus envelope proteins Antiviral effect of alphaglucosidase inhibitors on viral morphogenesis and binding properties of hepatitis C virus-like particles S-Adenosylmethionine and betaine correct hepatitis C virus induced inhibition of interferon signaling in vitro Anti-HCV activities of selective polyunsaturated fatty acids Oral prostaglandin (PGE2) therapy for chronic viral hepatitis B and C Regulation of interferon regulatory factor-3 by the hepatitis C virus serine protease Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus Genetic variation and dynamics of hepatitis C virus replicons in long-term cell culture Comprehensive analysis of the effects of ordinary nutrients on hepatitis C virus RNA replication in cell culture
    keywords: acid; activity; adaptive; anti; antiviral; binding; biosynthesis; c virus; cell; cell culture; cellular; cholesterol; chronic; clinical; combination; complex; culture; cycle; development; discovery; effect; essential; factors; fbl2; fig; flv; genome; genotype; hcv; hcv activity; hcv proteins; hcv reagents; hcv replicon; hcv rna; hepatitis; host; human; ifn; impdh; infectious; information; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; interferon; length; level; life; lipid; liver; mechanisms; metabolism; mizoribine; model; mutations; new; non; ns3; ns5b; or6; pathway; patients; peg; prenylation; production; protease; proteins; rdrp; reagents; replication; replicon; ribavirin; rna; rna replication; robust; serine; signaling; sphingolipid; statins; strain; study; subgenomic; svr; system; target; therapy; treatment; virus; virus replication; virus rna; vitro
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        item: #156 of 171
          id: cord-340220-raqapqg0
      author: Potel, Julie
       title: EWI‐2wint promotes CD81 clustering that abrogates Hepatitis C Virus entry
        date: 2013-02-16
       words: 11346
      flesch: 50
     summary: -2 mm 2 s -1 ) cells, as compared with EWI-2 cells (3.3 ¥ 10 -2 mm 2 s -1 ) Interestingly, CD81 trajectories in LAL cells (in which EWI-2wint no longer interacts with CD81) were distributed similarly to those of EWI-2 cells demonstrating the specificity of the observed effect and that EWI-2wint needs to interact with CD81 to alter its diffusion.
    keywords: adc; addition; anti; antibodies; antibody; areas; associated; brownian; cd46; cd81; cd81 molecules; cd9; cells; change; cho; cldn1; cleavage; clones; clustering; colocalization; complexes; construct; control; cytometry; cytosolic; data; determined; different; diffusion; distribution; domain; dynamics; effect; entry; espenel; et al; ewi-2wint; experiments; expression; fab; fig; flow; fragments; free; fur; hcv; hcvcc; hepatitis; huh-7w7; human; increase; infected; infection; inhibits; interaction; lal; levels; likely; lines; mab; mabs; major; mean; membrane; microscopy; modes; molecules; montpellier; montpellier et; mt81w; mtm3; mtm4; ns5; number; partitioning; pbs; pcdna3.1; perugini; plasma; presence; proteins; qcc; receptor; results; rocha; single; staining; study; surface; tail; teas; tetraspanin; total; trajectories; transmembrane; transmission; ts81; value; vector; virus; web
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        item: #157 of 171
          id: cord-341071-nwrl1qws
      author: Berzal-Herranz, Alfredo
       title: Two Examples of RNA Aptamers with Antiviral Activity. Are Aptamers the Wished Antiviral Drugs?
        date: 2020-07-22
       words: 5443
      flesch: 42
     summary: This work describes two well documented examples of RNA aptamers with antiviral activity against highly conserved structural domains of the HIV-1 and HCV RNA genome, respectively, performed in our laboratory. We applied the previously described SELEX strategy to identify RNA aptamers against a 194 nt-long subgenomic RNA comprising the CRE
    keywords: acids; activity; analysis; antiviral; aptamers; binding; common; conserved; cre; cycle; different; domains; efficient; elements; essential; figure; fragment; functional; functioning; genome; genomic; groups; hcv; infections; information; inhibition; levels; long; molecules; motif; nucleic; oligonucleotides; population; potential; procedure; replication; rna; rna aptamers; rna viruses; selection; selex; sequence; specific; strategy; structural; structural rna; subgenomic; target; target rna; targeting; therapeutic; viral; viral rna; viruses
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        item: #158 of 171
          id: cord-342676-ykog278j
      author: Stewart, H.
       title: Identification of novel RNA secondary structures within the hepatitis C virus genome reveals a cooperative involvement in genome packaging
        date: 2016-03-14
       words: 6864
      flesch: 40
     summary: The presence of multiple, weak-affinity packaging signals in other RNA virus genomes has recently been reported 19, 29 , which represents a novel mechanism for viral packaging in viruses which do not possess a readily identifiable prototypic packaging signal. 6 .0 × 10 6 Huh-7 cells were electroporated with 5 μg of viral RNA at 975 μF and 260 V for 25 ms.
    keywords: acting; affinity; alignment; altered; analysis; apparent; aptamer; assembly; binding; c virus; capsid; cells; cellular; complex; conserved; core; core protein; defective; encapsidation; essential; evidence; expression; fact; fig; following; formation; genome; genomic; h.p.e; hcv; hepatitis; high; hours; identification; infectious; interactions; jfh-1; library; like; lipid; long; loop; motif; multiple; mutagenesis; mutant; mutated; mutations; non; novel; ns5a; ns5b; nucleocapsid; nucleotides; order; packaging; particles; peaks; ppss; presence; present; process; protein; randomised; range; recombinant; region; replication; rna; rna replication; rnas; secondary; selex; sequences; sequencing; shape; signals; significant; similar; single; specific; statistical; stem; structures; terminal; trans; translation; viral; virion; virus; viruses; vitro; δ8xsl
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        item: #159 of 171
          id: cord-342901-ca2xxkb2
      author: Lloyd, Richard E.
       title: Nuclear proteins hijacked by mammalian cytoplasmic plus strand RNA viruses
        date: 2015-05-31
       words: 16231
      flesch: 39
     summary: The cytoplasmic milieu encountered by plus strand RNA virus genomes as they are released from capsids is poised to greet the interloper as any other mRNA, with a ready store of RNA binding proteins ready to interact and impart functions. However, translation does not occur on transcripts that are naked and devoid of RNA-binding proteins, rather, cellular transcripts are continually bound to a host of RNA binding proteins from the instant they emerge from RNA polymerase during their synthesis.
    keywords: 3cpro; activity; andino; anti; assembly; auf1; binding; c virus; canonical; cap; cells; cellular; changes; chaperone; circularization; cleavage; cleaved; cloverleaf; complex; complexes; conserved; control; core; coronavirus; critical; cycle; cytoplasmic; decay; dengue; denv; dependent; different; domain; double; effect; efficient; elements; emcv; end; ends; enterovirus; entry; et al; evidence; experiments; expression; factors; fig; fmdv; form; formation; function; gemin5; genome; genomic; granules; hcv; hela; hepatitis; hnrnp; host; host factors; human; hur; infected; infection; inhibited; inhibition; inhibits; initiation; interaction; internal; ires; isken; itaf; knockdown; leader; long; loop; looping; mammalian; minus; mouse; mrna; multiple; negative; new; nf90; nile; norovirus; novel; ns3; ns5b; nuclear; nucleolin; nucleus; pabp; pcbp; picornavirus; play; poliovirus; polymerase; polypyrimidine; pore; protease; protein; ptb; range; rbds; rbps; region; related; relocalization; replicase; replication; results; rha; rhinovirus; ribonucleoprotein; ribosome; rich; rna; rna replication; rna synthesis; rnas; roles; sequences; shuttling; similar; sindbis; sirna; sites; specific; srp20; stability; stem; strand; strand rna; stress; structure; subgenomic; support; switch; synthesis; systems; template; terminal; terminus; tiar; tract; transcription; transcripts; translation; translation initiation; type; unr; untranslated; utr; utrs; viral; viral rna; virus; virus replication; virus rna; viruses; vitro; vivo; vpg; west
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        item: #160 of 171
          id: cord-343902-hzh3cjzh
      author: Peel, Michael
       title: Cyclophilin inhibitors as antiviral agents
        date: 2013-08-15
       words: 4064
      flesch: 44
     summary: Evidence to support the binding of CypA to several HCV proteins, including NS5A, NS5B, and NS2, has been published, 4b which is consistent with the finding that in vitro resistance to Cyp inhibitors, while slow to emerge, is associated with mutations in both NS5A and NS5B. The demonstration that knockdown of CypA inhibited replication of a full length HCV genome significantly more effectively than a sub-genomic replicon system (NS3-NS5B) supports the idea that CypA is involved in interactions with HCV proteins other than NS5A and NS5B. 24b Details of the specific role of CypA in the HCV replication complex have recently appeared; however, a consensus mechanism has not emerged. A drug template for CypA inhibition is cyclosporine A (CsA), a cyclic undecapeptide that simultaneously binds to both CypA and the Ca(2+)-dependent phosphatase calcineurin (CN), and can attenuate immune responses.
    keywords: activity; affinity; alisporivir; amide; anti; antiviral; binding; bond; capsid; cd-147; cell; cis; class; complex; compounds; csa; cycle; cypa; cypb; cyps; demonstration; domain; effective; emmprin; fig; hcv; host; immunosuppressive; important; infection; infectivity; inhibition; inhibitors; isomerization; key; knockdown; meleu; non; ns5a; ns5b; potent; ppiase; protein; recent; replication; residues; role; scy-635; studies; trans; viral; virions; virus; viruses; vitro
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        item: #161 of 171
          id: cord-343963-99rd3o79
      author: Wong, Mun-Teng
       title: Emerging roles of interferon-stimulated genes in the innate immune response to hepatitis C virus infection
        date: 2014-12-29
       words: 17306
      flesch: 34
     summary: RIG-I-mediated type I interferon-dependent innate immunity Phosphorylation of hepatitis C virus-encoded nonstructural protein NS5A Phosphorylation of the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein in vitro and in vivo: properties of the NS5A-associated kinase Phosphorylation of hepatitis C virus NS5A nonstructural protein: a new paradigm for phosphorylation-dependent viral RNA replication? Reduction of hepatitis C virus NS5A hyperphosphorylation by selective inhibition of cellular kinases activates viral RNA replication in cell culture Hepatitis C virus NS5A: tales of a promiscuous protein Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A modulates the Toll-like receptor-MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in macrophage cell lines Evidence that hepatitis C virus resistance to interferon is mediated through repression of the PKR protein kinase by the nonstructural 5A protein How hepatitis C virus counteracts the interferon response: the jury is still out on NS5A Control of PKR protein kinase by hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein: molecular mechanisms of kinase regulation Hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein induces interleukin-8, leading to partial inhibition of the interferoninduced antiviral response Relationships between hepatitis C virus replication and CXCL-8 production in vitro Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein interacts with 29,59-oligoadenylate synthetase and inhibits antiviral activity of IFN in an IFN sensitivity-determining region-independent manner Activation and evasion of the antiviral 29-59 oligoadenylate synthetase/ribonuclease L pathway by hepatitis C virus mRNA Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein protects against TNF-alpha mediated apoptotic cell death Inhibition of intrahepatic gamma interferon production by hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A in transgenic mice Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A inhibits tumor necrosis factor-a-mediated apoptosis in Huh7 cells Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response by hepatitis viruses upregulates protein phosphatase 2A Protein phosphatase 2A: a highly regulated family of serine/threonine phosphatases implicated in cell growth and signalling PP2A targeting by viral proteins: a widespread biological strategy from DNA/RNA tumor viruses to HIV-1 Hepatitis C virus inhibits interferon signaling through upregulation of protein phosphatase 2A Upregulation of protein phosphatase 2Ac by hepatitis C virus modulates NS3 helicase activity through inhibition of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 Transcriptional induction of two genes in human cells by b interferon Functional classification of interferon-stimulated genes identified using microarrays A central role for RNA in the induction and biological activities of type 1 interferons Targeted impairment of innate antiviral responses in the liver of chronic hepatitis C patients Negative feedback regulation of RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling by interferoninduced ISG15 conjugation Immune signaling by RIG-I-like receptors Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) signaling of hepatic stellate cells inhibits hepatitis C virus replication in hepatocytes Interferon-b pretreatment of conventional and plasmacytoid human dendritic cells enhances their activation by influenza virus A structure-based model of RIG-I activation Emerging role of ubiquitination in antiviral RIG-I signaling DDX60, a DEXD/H box helicase, is a novel antiviral factor promoting RIG-I-like receptor-mediated signaling Hepatitis C virus induces interferon-and interferon-stimulated genes in primary liver cultures IRF family of transcription factors as regulators of host defense Regulation of PKR and IRF-1 during hepatitis C virus RNA replication Constitutive expression of an ISGF2/IRF1 transgene leads to interferon-independent activation of interferon-inducible genes and resistance to virus infection Regulation of hepatitis C virus replication by interferon regulatory factor 1 IRF-7 is the master regulator of type-I interferon-dependent immune responses Hepatitis C virus infection impairs IRF-7 translocation and Alpha interferon synthesis in immortalized human hepatocytes IRF-3, IRF-5, and IRF-7 coordinately regulate the type I IFN response in myeloid dendritic cells downstream of MAVS signaling Hepatitis C virus inhibits intracellular interferon alpha expression in human hepatic cell lines Serum-derived hepatitis C virus infectivity in interferon regulatory factor-7-suppressed human primary hepatocytes Interferon regulatory factor IRF-7 induces the antiviral alpha interferon response and protects against lethal West Nile virus infection Antiviral actions of interferons Impact of protein kinase PKR in cell biology: from antiviral to antiproliferative action dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR and its role in stress, signaling and HCV infection PKR protein kinase is activated by hepatitis C virus and inhibits viral replication through translational control PKR-dependent mechanisms of gene expression from a subgenomic hepatitis C virus clone Identification of three interferon-inducible cellular enzymes that inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus Alpha interferon induces distinct translational control programs to suppress hepatitis C virus RNA replication New antiviral pathway that mediates hepatitis C virus replicon interferon sensitivity through ADAR1 Hepatitis C virus controls interferon production through PKR activation Translational resistance of late alphavirus mRNA to eIF2a phosphorylation: a strategy to overcome the antiviral effect of protein kinase PKR Initiation of protein synthesis by hepatitis C virus is refractory to reduced eIF2.GTP.Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex availability Translational insensitivity to potent activation of PKR by HCV IRES RNA HCV NS5A co-operates with PKR in modulating HCV IRES-dependent translation Eukaryotic translation initiation machinery can operate in a bacterial-like mode without eIF2 Hepatitis C virus blocks interferon effector function by inducing protein kinase R phosphorylation Hepatitis C virus (HCV) induces formation of stress granules whose proteins regulate HCV RNA replication and virus assembly and egress P bodies, stress granules, and viral life cycles Stress granules: sites of mRNA triage that regulate mRNA stability and translatability Stress granules Eukaryotic stress granules: the ins and outs of translation Regulation of stress granules and P-bodies during RNA virus infection Diversion of stress granules and P-bodies during viral infection Dynamic oscillation of translation and stress granule formation mark the cellular response to virus infection Hepatitis C virus hijacks P-body and stress granule components around lipid droplets Hepatitis C virus coopts Ras-GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 for its genome replication Viral encounters with 29,59-oligoadenylate synthetase and RNase L during the interferon antiviral response New insights into the role of RNase L in innate immunity The oligoadenylate synthetase family: an ancient protein family with multiple antiviral activities The ribonuclease Ldependent antiviral roles of human 29,59-oligoadenylate synthetase family members against hepatitis C virus 59-Oligoadenylate synthetaselike gene highly induced by hepatitis C virus infection in human liver is inhibitory to viral replication in vitro Antiviral activities of ISG20 in positive-strand RNA virus infections ISG20, an actor of the innate immune response Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) are both antiviral and proviral Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA editing, and interferon action RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 suppresses measles virus-induced apoptosis and activation of protein kinase PKR Expression of interferoninducible RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR1 during pathogen infection and mouse embryo development involves tissueselective promoter utilization and alternative splicing RNA editing of hepatitis delta virus antigenome by dsRNA-adenosine deaminase A specific base transition occurs on replicating hepatitis delta virus RNA RNA editing in hepatitis delta virus HCV-induced ER stress HCV protein expression can induce an ER stress response and lead to calcium release from the ER, which in turn activates the cyclic AMP responsive element-binding protein that binds to the cyclic AMP responsive element in the promoter of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), resulting in upregulation of PP2A. 114 Expressed in essentially all cell types, PP2A is a serine/threonine phosphatase that is involved in multiple cellular processes, such as the cell cycle, signal transduction and stress response.
    keywords: acting; activation; activities; activity; adaptor; adar1; addition; antiviral; antiviral activity; antiviral response; apoptosis; assembly; associated; association; autophagy; binding; c virus; cells; cellular; cholesterol; chronic; class; cleavage; complex; contrast; control; core; critical; cycle; ddx60; defense; degradation; dependent; determinants; different; diverse; dna; domain; downstream; dsrna; editing; effector; effects; eif2a; entry; essential; evasion; expression; factor; family; figure; formation; functions; fusion; gene; genome; genotype; growth; hcv; hcv infection; hcv replication; hcv rna; helicase; hepatitis; hepatocytes; hiv; hmgb1; host; huh7; human; ifitm; ifn; ifn antiviral; ifn production; ifn signaling; ifns; iii; immune; immune response; immunity; important; induced; inducible; induction; infected; infection; inhibition; inhibitory; inhibits; initiation; innate; innate antiviral; innate immune; interaction; interferon; intracellular; ires; irf1; irf3; irf7; isg15; isg20; isgs; isgylation; kinase; knockdown; levels; like; lipid; liver; mavs; mechanisms; membrane; mice; mitochondrial; molecular; mrna; multiple; new; non; nonstructural; novel; ns3; ns3/4a; ns5a; nucleus; particle; pathway; patients; phosphorylation; pkr; potential; production; promoter; protein; receptor; recognition; region; regulation; regulatory; related; release; replication; resistance; responders; response; results; rig; rna; rna replication; rnase; role; screen; signaling; single; specific; stat1; stimulated; sting; stress; studies; surface; synthesis; system; table; target; tbk1; terminal; therapy; toll; transcription; translation; treatment; triggers; turn; type; upr; usp18; viperin; viral rna; virus; virus infection; virus replication; virus rna; viruses; vitro; vsv
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        item: #162 of 171
          id: cord-344084-z4t2wkgk
      author: Ellwanger, Joel Henrique
       title: Beyond HIV infection: neglected and varied impacts of CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 on viral diseases
        date: 2020-05-30
       words: 15779
      flesch: 32
     summary: Besides, the regulation of multiple aspects of the immune system is strongly influenced by EVs (O'Neill and Quah, 2008; Colombo et al., 2014; Ellwanger et al., 2016) . This knowledge gap should be addressed in further studies since the reemergence of ROCV in Brazil is a concern in terms of public health (Figueiredo, 2007; Ellwanger et al., 2017b) .
    keywords: absence; action; acute; allele; analysis; antagonists; antibodies; articles; aspects; association; authors; blood; brain; brazilian; cancer; cardiomyopathy; cases; cause; cchfv; ccr5; ccr5 antagonists; ccr5 expression; ccr5 gene; ccr5δ32; cd4; cells; cervical; chemokine; chemokine receptor; chronic; clearance; clinical; cmv; cns; conditions; congo; context; controls; coronavirus; countries; crimean; cxcr4; cytokines; cytomegalovirus; data; deficiency; dengue; denv; denv infection; dependent; development; different; disease; editing; effects; ellwanger et; encephalitis; endemic; et al; evaluated; evidence; evs; example; exosomes; expression; extracellular; factor; family; fever; findings; flaviviruses; following; frequency; gene; genetic; genotype; glass; global; hbv; hcv; hemorrhagic; hepatitis; high; hiv; hiv infection; homozygous; host; hpv; human; ifn; immune; impact; important; individuals; infected; infection; infection ccr5; inflammation; inflammatory; influence; influenza; influenza infection; interaction; interferon; involvement; japanese; jev; lesions; lim; lim et; liver; manifestations; maraviroc; mechanisms; mice; migration; model; molecules; mortality; mouse; multiple; mutation; natural; neuroinvasive; nile; non; note; outcome; pathogenesis; patients; polymorphism; population; possible; potential; progression; protective; protein; rate; recent; receptor; receptor ccr5; reduced; regulated; regulation; replication; research; respiratory; response; results; review; rhinovirus; risk; rna; rocv; role; sars; sense; severe; severity; significant; single; soluble; specific; studies; study; surface; susceptibility; symptomatic; system; table; therapy; transmission; treatment; types; use; variant; venuti et; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; west; wild; wnv; wnv infection; zhang et
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        item: #163 of 171
          id: cord-345898-a6vt8kso
      author: Ren, Linzhu
       title: Live Cell Reporter Systems for Positive-Sense Single Strand RNA Viruses
        date: 2016-01-04
       words: 6005
      flesch: 32
     summary: Moreover, the replicon-defective reporter gene assay could detect a variety of Alphaviruses from tissue cultures with a limit of detection between one and ten (plaque-forming unit) PFU for SINV while other RNA viruses, such as the Japanese encephalitis virus and Tahyna virus, displayed negative results with this system [44] . Cell-based reporter systems have enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of virus replication and pathogenesis as well as virus interactions with host cells. N pro of CSFV was not only involved with virus RNA translation in the cytoplasm [27] but also counteracted double-stranded RNAmediated apoptosis and IFN-α/β induction
    keywords: activity; antibody; antiviral; assay; c virus; cells; classical; cleavage; csfv; culture; defective; dengue; dengue virus; denv; dependent; detection; development; efficient; egfp; expression; fever; gene; genome; hcv; hepatitis; high; infected; infection; inhibitors; interferon; ires; line; luciferase; novel; ns3; ns3/4a; ns5a; ns5b; nuclear; particle; plasmid; polymerase; protease; protein; rdrp; recombinant; region; replicase; replication; replicon; reporter; reporter gene; reporter protein; reporter systems; rluc; rna; rnas; rvp; rvps; screening; sequence; single; sinv; site; specific; stable; structural; subgenomic; swine; systems; throughput; translation; type; viral; virus; viruses; wnv
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        item: #164 of 171
          id: cord-347319-lcuma3eh
      author: Ashfaq, Usman A
       title: Lysosomotropic agents as HCV entry inhibitors
        date: 2011-04-12
       words: 2586
      flesch: 44
     summary: Hepatitis C virus infection The role of the hepatitis C virus glycoproteins in infection Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins mediate pH-dependent cell entry of pseudotyped retroviral particles Geographical distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in blood donors: an international collaborative survey Group atCS: Hepatitis C virus type 1b (II) infection in France and Italy Frequency distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in different geographical regions of Pakistan and their possible routes of transmission Chronic hepatitis C virus infection Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with PEGylated interferon and ribavirin Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2b key: cord-347319-lcuma3eh authors: Ashfaq, Usman A; Javed, Tariq; Rehman, Sidra; Nawaz, Zafar; Riazuddin, Sheikh title: Lysosomotropic agents as HCV entry inhibitors date: 2011-04-12 journal: Virol J DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-163 sha: doc_id: 347319 cord_uid: lcuma3eh HCV has two envelop proteins named as E1 and E2 which play an important role in cell entry through two main pathways: direct fusion at the plasma membrane and receptor-mediated endocytosis.
    keywords: agents; antiviral; assay; bases; cells; cellular; chloroquine; chronic; concentrations; dependent; different; effects; endocytosis; entry; envelope; expression; figure; formazan; fusion; genotype; glycoproteins; hcv; hcvpp; hepatitis; infection; infectivity; inhibition; liver; low; lysosomes; lysosomotropic; mtt; nh(4)cl; proteins; treatment; virus; weak
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        item: #165 of 171
          id: cord-347710-ff64y6ef
      author: Wan, Qianya
       title: Stress proteins: the biological functions in virus infection, present and challenges for target-based antiviral drug development
        date: 2020-07-13
       words: 36727
      flesch: 38
     summary: First, Hsp90 works as a classic chaperone protein to stabilize virus proteins. 57, 473 Except for promoting viral protein translation by binding with the viral IRES sequence, hnRNPs can directly bind with virus proteins to facilitate virus replication.
    keywords: a71; able; acting; activation; active; activities; activity; acute; addition; adenovirus; affinity; alpha; alternative; analysis; antibodies; antigen; antiviral; apoptosis; apoptotic; assembly; association; atp; atpase; attachment; barr; barr virus; binding; block; c virus; cancer; cancer cells; capsid; capsid protein; carcinoma; case; causes; cdc37; cells; cellular; certain; chaperone; cleavage; client; cochaperones; complex; complex formation; complexes; conditions; conformation; conserved; control; core; core protein; coronavirus; coxsackievirus; critical; crucial; cycle; cytomegalovirus; cytoplasm; cytosol; death; degradation; dendritic; dengue; dengue virus; denv; dependent; development; different; differentiation; direct; diseases; disruption; disulfide; dna; dna replication; dnaj; domain; downstream; drug; e2f; early; ebv; effects; efficient; eif2α; element; elevated; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; endoplasmic; enterovirus; entry; envelope; envelope protein; epstein; erp57; essential; eukaryotic; evidence; example; exhibits; exon; export; expression; facilitate; factor; family; family proteins; fig; flavivirus; folding; formation; forms; free; function; gene; gene expression; genome; groel; group; growth; grp78; hbv; hbx; hcv; hcv rna; hdj1; heat; heat shock; help; hepatitis; herpes; herpesvirus; heterogeneous; high; hiv-1; hnrnp; hnrnp a1; hnrnp c; hnrnp k; host; host cells; hpv; hsc70; hsp27; hsp60s; hsp70 family; hsp72; hsp90; hsp90 inhibitors; hsps; hsv; human; hydrolysis; identification; immune; immunity; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; implications; import; important; increase; induced; induction; infected; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; influenza virus; inhibition; inhibitors; initiation; innate; interaction; interferon; internal; intracellular; ire1; ires; isoform; isomerase; japanese; jev; kda; key; kinase; knockdown; large; late; leads; level; life; like; lipid; liver; localization; long; low; machinery; major; mammalian; manner; maturation; mechanism; members; membrane; mitochondrial; modulates; modulation; molecular; molecules; mrna; multiple; n protein; natural; nef; negative; new; non; novel; ns1; ns5a; nuclear; nucleocapsid; nucleus; number; overexpression; oxidative; p53; p58ipk; papillomavirus; pathogenesis; pathway; patients; pb2; pdi; peptide; perk; phosphorylation; pim1; pkr; pocket; poliovirus; polyadenylation; polymerase; polyomavirus; polypyrimidine; positive; post; potential; prb; present; process; production; products; promoter; proper; properties; proteasome; protein; protein complex; protein disulfide; protein expression; protein folding; protein hnrnp; protein kinase; protein response; protein synthesis; protein translation; ptb; quercetin; receptor; recognition; region; regulation; regulatory; release; replication complex; residues; resistance; respiratory; response; responsible; results; reticulum; retrovirus; ribonucleoprotein; rna; rna chaperones; rna genome; rna polymerase; rna replication; rna splicing; role; ros; rotavirus; rsv; sarcoma; sars; sequence; shock protein; signaling; silencer; simian; similar; simplex; simplex virus; single; site; small; species; specific; splice; splicing; stability; stage; step; stress; stress proteins; structure; studies; study; substrate; suppresses; surface; survival; sv40; synthesis; system; tag; target; terminal; terminus; toll; tract; trafficking; transcription; transformation; translation; transport; tumor; type; unfolded; unfolded protein; upr; upregulated; viral; viral capsid; viral protein; viral rna; virion; virus; virus entry; virus gene; virus hnrnp; virus infection; virus polymerase; virus proteins; virus replication; virus rna; virus type; viruses; vitro; vivo; vp1; vpr; vrc
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        item: #166 of 171
          id: cord-347992-coby2m6e
      author: Marton, Soledad
       title: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Selection Procedures for Identifying Potentially Therapeutic DNA and RNA Molecules
        date: 2010-06-28
       words: 10046
      flesch: 39
     summary: It has been shown that an antagonist RNA aptamer against CTLA-4, a negative regulator of T-cell activation, inhibits its function [101] , while an agonistic aptamer against 4-1BB, a major co-stimulatory receptor, leads to the activation of T cells RNA aptamers have been selected against different viral enzymes and proteins involved in host-cell interactions, such as HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), HIV-1 glycoprotein 120, HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), SARS coronavirus NTPase/helicase, and the hemagglutinin protein of human influenza virus B, all of which show efficient viral inhibition [138]
    keywords: acids; activation; active; activity; addition; adhesion; advances; affinity; agents; anti; antidote; applications; aptamer; binding; blood; cancer; capable; catalytic; cells; cellular; chain; characterization; chemical; cleavage; clinical; conjugates; coronary; cycle; delivery; dependent; development; different; diseases; dna; dnazymes; domain; drug; e2f; effect; efficient; endothelial; evolution; expression; factor; family; formation; function; gene; great; group; growth; growth factor; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv-1; hne; human; identification; ige; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitory; inhibits; interest; ires; ischemia; isolation; ixa; ligands; lna; loop; membrane; model; modifications; molecular; molecules; natural; neutrophil; new; novel; nucleic; nucleic acids; nucleotides; number; oligonucleotide; patients; pdgf; phase; phenotype; platelet; polymerase; pool; population; possible; potential; procedures; properties; protein; recent; receptor; region; replication; resistance; ret; review; ribozyme; rna; rna aptamers; rna molecules; role; selected; selection; selex; sequence; signaling; sirna; sites; specific; step; strategies; strategy; studies; study; surface; synthesis; system; target; targeted; targeting; techniques; therapeutic; therapy; thrombin; transcription; tumor; use; vascular; vegf; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; vivo selection
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        item: #167 of 171
          id: cord-349358-leicos9j
      author: Ketzinel‐Gilad, Mali
       title: RNA interference for antiviral therapy
        date: 2006-06-16
       words: 12748
      flesch: 38
     summary: siRNAs targeting the SARS-CoV RNA polymerase gene inhibited viral RNA replication, protein synthesis and reduced the viral cytopathic effects on Vero cells [36] . A retrotransposition into TRIM5 explains owl monkey resistance to HIV-1 RNA interference of HIV replication Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference of DC-SIGN expression inhibits human immunodeficiency virus transmission from dendritic cells to T cells Modulating HIV-1 replication by RNA interference directed against human transcription elongation factor SPT5 Inhibition of respiratory viruses by nasally administered siRNA The promise of siRNAs for the treatment of influenza Inhibition of coxsackievirus B3 replication by small interfering RNAs requires perfect sequence match in the central region of the viral positive strand Inhibition of SARS-CoV replication by siRNA Actively replicating West Nile virus is resistant to cytoplasmic delivery of siRNA Use of RNA interference to prevent lethal murine West Nile virus infection An siRNA-based microbicide protects mice from lethal herpes simplex virus 2 infection Small interfering RNA inhibits hepatitis B virus replication in mice Short interfering RNA-directed inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication Inhibition of HBV replication by siRNA in a stable HBV-producing cell line Inhibition of hepatitis B virus expression and replication by RNA interference Inhibition of hepatitis B virus in mice by RNA interference Effective inhibition of HBV replication in vivo by anti-HBx short hairpin RNAs Knock-down of hepatitis B virus X protein reduces the tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells Genomic analysis of anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity by small interfering RNA and lamivudine in stable HBV-producing cells Small hairpin RNAs efficiently inhibit hepatitis C IRES-mediated gene expression in human tissue culture cells and a mouse model Inhibition of hepatitis C virus translation and subgenomic replication by siRNAs directed against highly conserved HCV sequence and cellular HCV cofactors Lentiviral delivery of short hairpin RNAs protects CD4 T cells from multiple clades and primary isolates of HIV HIV-1 can escape from RNA interference by evolving an alternative structure in its RNA genome Evidence that HIV-1 encodes an siRNA and a suppressor of RNA silencing HIV-1 nef suppression by virally encoded microRNA Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus 1 transcription by nef microRNA Lentiviral siRNAs targeting multiple highly conserved RNA sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Identification of cellular deoxyhypusine synthase as a novel target for antiretroviral therapy Computational design of antiviral RNA interference strategies that resist human immunodeficiency virus escape RNAi induction and activation in mammalian muscle cells where Dicer and eIF2C translation initiation factors are barely expressed RNA silencing as a plant immune system against viruses Induction and suppression of RNA silencing by an animal virus Nucleic acid-based immune system: the antiviral potential of mammalian RNA silencing Adenosine kinase inhibition and suppression of RNA silencing by geminivirus AL2 and L2 proteins Effects and side-effects of viral RNA silencing suppressors on short RNAs The coat protein of turnip crinkle virus suppresses posttranscriptional gene silencing at an early initiation step A viral protein inhibits the long range signaling activity of the gene silencing signal A viral protein suppresses RNA silencing and binds silencing-generated, 21-to 25-nucleotide double-stranded RNAs Virus-encoded suppressor of posttranscriptional gene silencing targets a maintenance step in the silencing pathway P1/HC-Pro, a viral suppressor of RNA silencing, interferes with Arabidopsis development and miRNA unction Suppression of posttranscriptional gene silencing by a plant viral protein localized in the nucleus Interferon antagonist proteins of influenza and vaccinia viruses are suppressors of RNA silencing A virus-encoded inhibitor that blocks RNA interference in mammalian cells Adenovirus VA1 noncoding RNA can inhibit small interfering RNA and MicroRNA biogenesis Suppression of RNA interference by adenovirus virus-associated RNA Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escapes from RNA interferencemediated inhibition Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape from RNA interference Hepatitis C virus replicons escape RNA interference induced by a short interfering RNA directed against the NS5b coding region Inhibition of hepatitis B virus gene expression by single and dual small interfering RNA treatment Expression profiling reveals off-target gene regulation by RNAi Activation of the interferon system by short-interfering RNAs Cationic liposome-mediated delivery of siRNAs in adult mice Small interfering RNAs mediate sequence-independent gene suppression and induce immune activation by signaling through toll-like receptor 3 Sequence-dependent stimulation of the mammalian innate immune response by synthetic siRNA A system for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian cells Determinants of interferon-stimulated gene induction by RNAi vectors An enhanced U6 promoter for synthesis of short hairpin RNA Short hairpin type of dsRNAs that are controlled by tRNA(Val) promoter significantly induce RNAimediated gene silencing in the cytoplasm of human cells Promoter choice affects the potency of HIV-1 specific RNA interference Development and application of siRNA expression vector Conditional suppression of cellular genes: lentivirus vector-mediated drug-inducible RNA interference Short-term cytotoxic effects and longterm instability of RNAi delivered using lentiviral vectors Efficient delivery of siRNA for inhibition of gene expression in postnatal mice RNA interference in mammalian cells by chemically-modified RNA RNA interference targeting Fas protects mice from fulminant hepatitis In vivo activity of nuclease-resistant siRNAs Functional anatomy of siRNAs for mediating efficient RNAi in Drosophila melanogaster embryo lysate siRNA function in RNAi: a chemical modification analysis Functional anatomy of a dsRNA trigger: differential requirement for the two trigger strands in RNA interference Challenges for RNAi in vivo Activity of stabilized short interfering RNA in a mouse model of hepatitis B virus replication siRNA relieves chronic neuropathic pain Potent and persistent in vivo anti-HBV activity of chemically modified siRNAs Inhibition of influenza virus production in virus-infected mice by RNA interference Protection against lethal influenza virus challenge by RNA interference in vivo Atelocollagenmediated synthetic small interfering RNA delivery for effective gene silencing in vitro and in vivo Intravenous RNA interference gene therapy targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor prolongs survival in intracranial brain cancer Recombinant viral capsids as an efficient vehicle of oligonucleotide delivery into cells Adenovirus vectormediated doxycycline-inducible RNA interference Conditionally replicating adenoviruses expressing short hairpin RNAs silence the expression of a target gene in cancer cells Inducible, reversible, and stable RNA interference in mammalian cells Cre-lox-regulated conditional RNA interference from transgenes CRE recombinase-inducible RNA interference mediated by lentiviral vectors Lentiviral vector-mediated delivery of short hairpin RNA results in persistent knockdown of gene expression in mouse brain RNAi suppresses polyglutamine-induced neurodegeneration in a model of spinocerebellar ataxia First Parkinson gene therapy trial launches Optimization of an siRNA-expression system with an improved hairpin and its significant suppressive effects in mammalian cells Inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus replication and cell transformation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide Antisense oligonucleotides: promise and reality LNA: a versatile tool for therapeutics and genomics Rational siRNA design for RNA interference Asymmetry in the assembly of the RNAi enzyme complex Functional siRNAs and miRNAs exhibit strand bias Attenuation of SARS coronavirus by a short hairpin RNA expression plasmid targeting RNAdependent RNA polymerase Silencing SARS-CoV Spike protein expression in cultured cells by RNA interference Using siRNA in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens against SARS coronavirus in Rhesus macaque RNA interference targeting VP1 inhibits foot-and-mouth disease virus replication in BHK-21 cells and suckling mice Small interfering RNA molecules as potential anti-human rhinovirus agents: in vitro potency, specificity, and mechanism Susceptibility of human hepatitis delta virus RNAs to small interfering RNA action RNA interference against enterovirus 71 infection Inhibition of porcine endogenous retroviruses by RNA interference: increasing the safety of xenotransplantation Enhanced gene silencing of HIV-1 specific siRNA using microRNA designed hairpins Expression of small hairpin RNA by lentivirus-based vector confers efficient and stable gene-suppression of HIV-1 on human cells including primary non-dividing cells Inhibition of HIV-1 by lentiviral vector-transduced siRNAs in T lymphocytes differentiated in SCID-hu mice and CD34+ progenitor cellderived macrophages Efficient gene transfer of HIV-1-specific short hairpin RNA into human lymphocytic cells using recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors Inhibition of virus production in JC virus-infected cells by postinfection RNA interference Inhibition of the Epstein-Barr virus lytic cycle by Zta-targeted RNA interference Selective inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication by RNA interference Clearance of hepatitis B virus from the liver of transgenic mice by short hairpin RNAs Short interfering RNA-mediated inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 gene expression and function during infection of human keratinocytes
    keywords: activity; acute; additional; administration; antisense; antiviral; approach; beneficial; brain; c virus; cases; cells; cellular; chronic; clinical; combination; complex; conserved; cycle; delivery; dependent; design; development; dicer; different; disease; dna; drug; dsrna; early; effect; effective; efficient; enhanced; escape; essential; example; expected; expression; factor; function; gene; gene expression; gene silencing; genome; genomic; group; growth; hairpin; hbv; hcv; hepatitis; high; hiv; hiv-1; host; human; immune; immunodeficiency; important; infected; infection; influenza; inhibited; inhibition; inhibits; innate; interference; interferon; intracellular; investigators; ires; level; life; long; machinery; major; mammalian; mechanism; method; mice; model; modified; multiple; need; non; ns5b; numerous; oligos; pathogens; plants; polymerase; potential; process; production; promoter; properties; protein; recent; receptor; region; replication; replicon; report; resistance; response; rna; rna interference; rna replication; rna silencing; rna viruses; rnai; rnas; sars; sequences; severe; short; shrnas; significant; silencing; similar; sirna; small; specific; stable; step; strategies; strategy; studies; study; suppression; synthetic; system; targeted; targeting; targets; therapeutic; therapy; tissue; transcription; treatment; tumor; type; vector; viral; viral genome; viral infections; viral replication; viral rna; virus; viruses; vitro; vivo; years
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        item: #168 of 171
          id: cord-350571-6tapkjb6
      author: None
       title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016
        date: 2017-01-10
       words: 106086
      flesch: 45
     summary: Clinical pharmacists have a role to evaluate and optimize the appropriateness and effectiveness of patient's medications. DTSIs interventions (treatment group) consist in: motivational interview, sharing and delivery of printed, explanatory material in the patient's native language, reconciliation of patients medications at hospital admission and at discharge; identification of potential risks due to drug-drug interactions; monitoring of compliance to drug therapy, and finally detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurring in the course of care.
    keywords: 0.001; 1st; absence; abstract background; abstract type; acceptance; access; account; active; activities; activity; acute; adapted; addition; adherence; adherent; adjusted; adjustment; administration; admission; adolescents; adrs; adult patients; adults; adverse; adverse drug; advice; affected; age; aged; agency; agents; aim; ambulatory; amphotericin; analysed; analysis; anne; antibiotics; anticholinergic; anticoagulants; anticoagulation; antihypertensive; antimicrobial; antiplatelet; antipsychotics; apixaban; application; approach; approval; april; areas; articles; assessment; associated; association; audit; available; average; awareness; barriers; baseline; beds; beliefs; benefit; benzodiazepines; best; better; biosimilar; bleeding; blood; bmq; broad; burden; bzd; calcium; cancer; cancer patients; cardiac; cardiology; cardiovascular; care; cases; cause; cd4; cell; central; centre; changes; characteristics; check; chemotherapy; children; chlormethine; choice; chosen; chronic; classes; clearance; clinical; clinical impact; clinical pharmacist; clinical practice; clinical response; clinicians; close; cognitive; cohort; collaboration; collection; combination; committee; common; communication; community; community pharmacy; complete; complexity; compliance; complications; concentrations; concerned; conclusion; concomitant; conditions; consequences; consisted; consumption; contact; context; continuous; contribution; control; copd; correct; correlation; cost; counselling; countries; country; course; creatinine; criteria; critical; cross; current; daily; daptomycin; data; database; date; day; days; dbi; december; decreased; degree; delirium; delivery; demographic; department; depression; descriptive abstract; descriptive study; design; detection; development; device; diabetes; diabetic; diagnosis; differences; different; digestive; digoxin; direct; discharge; discontinuation; discrepancies; discrepancy; discussion; disease; disorders; dispensation; dispensing; distribution; doctors; documented; dosage; dose; dosing; drps; drug; drug background; drug interactions; drug prescription; drug therapy; drug treatment; drug use; drv; duration; e.g.; early; economic; educational; effectiveness; effects; efficacy; efficiency; elderly patients; electronic; eligible; emergency; errors; essential; establishment; european; evaluated; evaluation; events; evidence; excel; expected; experience; exposure; eye; face; factors; failure; february; female; fibrosis; findings; focus; following; formulary; formulation; fragile patients; framework; france; french; frequency; frequent; function; future; gastrointestinal; gel; gender; general; genetic; genotype; geriatric; good; greater; group; guidance; guidelines; haemodialysis; half; hcv; head; health; health care; healthcare; help; hepatic; herbal; high; higher; highest; history; hiv; home; home medication; home patients; hospital; hospital medication; hospital pharmacy; hospitalization; hospitalized; hypertension; iatrogenic; ibd; icu; identification; ids; impact; impairment; implementation; implemented; important; improved; improvement; inappropriate; increase; index; indicated; indications; individual; infected; infection; infective; inflammatory; infliximab; influence; influenza; information; informed; infusion; inhibitors; initial; insulin; integrated; intensive; interactions; interdisciplinary; internal; international; interventions; interview; intravenous; introduction; involved; issues; items; january; july; june; key; kidney; knowledge; known; label; laboratory; lack; large; later; lead; learning; level; life; like; likely; limited; liquid; list; literature; liver; loading; local; long; longer; lower; lung; main; main objective; main outcome; maintenance; major; majority; males; management; march; market; marketing; maximum; mdd; mds; mean; measures; median; medical; medical treatment; medication; medication adherence; medication changes; medication data; medication discrepancies; medication errors; medication history; medication information; medication knowledge; medication lists; medication management; medication reconciliation; medication review; medication safety; medication use; medicines; medium; meeting; melatonin; member; mentioned; metastatic; methadone; method; methodology; metoclopramide; mmol; model; moderate; modified; monitoring; monotherapy; months; morbidity; mortality; mrps; multidisciplinary; multiple; mur; n =; national; nausea; necessary; necessity; need; negative; neurology; new; nintedanib; noacs; non; norway; norwegian; notes; november; nsaids; number; nurses; nursing; objective; observational; observational study; old; omission; oncology; online; operating; optimal; optimization; oral; order; organization; original; oslo; outcome; outcome measures; outpatient; overall; p =; paediatric; pain; parameters; paris; partial; participants; participation; particular; patient adherence; patient care; patient education; patient safety; patients; pcz; people; percentage; period; pharmaceutical; pharmaceutical care; pharmacist intervention; pharmacists; pharmacokinetic; pharmacotherapy; pharmacy; pharmacy service; phase; phosphorus; physical; physicians; pill; pilot; pilot study; pims; pip; pirfenidone; place; plasma; plus; points; polypharmacy; poor; population; posaconazole; positive; possible; post; potential; potential medication; ppis; practical; practice; practitioners; pregnancy; preparation; prescribed; prescribing; prescription; presence; present; pressure; prevalence; prevention; previous; primary; primary care; prior; problems; procedure; process; products; professionals; profile; program; projects; proper; proportion; prospective; prospective study; protocol; psychiatric; psychotropic; public; purpose; qol; qualitative; quality; questionnaire; questions; range; rate; reactions; reasons; recent; recommendations; recorded; records; reduced; reduction; reference; regimen; regional; regorafenib; regular; related; relationship; relevance; relevant; relief; renal; repackaged; report; reporting; research abstract; residents; resistance; respiratory; respondents; response; responsibility; responsible; results; retrospective; review; ribavirin; risk; risk patients; ritonavir; role; safety; sample; satisfaction; satisfied; scale; score; screening; second; secondary; sedative; self; semi; september; serum; service; sessions; setting; severe; severity; sex; short; significant; single; sites; situation; skills; skin; slovenia; social; society; sofosbuvir; software; solid; solutions; sources; specialty; specific; spss; staff; standard; standardized; start; state; statistical; status; stay; step; stock; stopp; storage; strategies; strategy; structured; students; studies; study; study group; study period; subjects; sufficient; summary; supply; support; surgery; surgical; survey; svr; switch; symptoms; syndrome; system; systematic; t =; tablets; taking; targeted; tasks; tdm; team; term; tertiary; test; themes; therapeutic; therapies; therapy; time; tool; total; training; transfer; transition; transplant; transplant patients; transplantation; treatment; treatment adherence; trials; trough; trp; types; unintentional; units; university; university hospital; urinary; use; useful; users; usual; utility; validation; valproate; value; vancomycin; variables; viral; voriconazole; vs.; ward; warfarin; weeks; weight; women; work; working; world; wpme; wrong; years
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        item: #169 of 171
          id: cord-350600-73q8mve4
      author: Myint, S.
       title: Detection of human coronavirus 229E in nasal washings using RNA:RNA hybridization
        date: 2005-12-09
       words: 2000
      flesch: 56
     summary: Three of the seven volunteers suffered a cold, and all three volunteers had detectable coronavirus RNA in their nasal washings. Nucleic acid hybridization is shown to be a sensitive technique for the diagnosis of HCV 229E infections.
    keywords: 229e; buffer; c16; cells; clinical; cold; coronavirus; detection; disease; hcv; human; hybridisation; infection; method; min; nasal; poly; probe; reaction; respiratory; results; rna; sensitive; specific; ssc; virus; volunteers; washings
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        item: #170 of 171
          id: cord-350640-sz6xj5o3
      author: Menzel, Nicolas
       title: MAP-Kinase Regulated Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Activity Is Essential for Production of Infectious Hepatitis C Virus Particles
        date: 2012-07-26
       words: 10138
      flesch: 44
     summary: It is possible that the active, phosphorylated PLA2G4A enzyme has a relatively long half-life which may preclude reduction of the active enzyme to a level that limits HCV infectious particle production under these experimental conditions. Interestingly, U0126 did not measurably impede RNA replication and only affected HCV particle production when added in serum-free medium.
    keywords: absence; abundance; acid; activity; addition; antibodies; apoe; arachidonic; assay; assembly; blockade; cells; cellular; conditions; core; core protein; crucial; culture; cytosolic; data; density; denv; dependent; doses; droplets; drug; elisa; entry; envelope; enzymes; erk; essential; experiments; expression; factors; fatty; figure; flag; fold; free; hcv; hcv particles; hepatitis; host; hpt; huh-7.5; huh-7.5 cells; human; important; infected; infectious; infectious hcv; infectious particles; infectivity; inhibitor; intracellular; jc1; lds; left; levels; line; lipid; lower; luciferase; lysates; mapk; means; medium; membrane; mock; panel; particle production; particles; pathway; phospholipase; pla2g4a; presence; production; progeny; properties; protease; protein; py-2; reduced; release; replication; reporter; results; rna; serum; signaling; significant; sirna; specific; tif; total; treatment; u0126; viral; virus; virus production; viruses; vsv
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        item: #171 of 171
          id: cord-351365-dc9t3vh3
      author: Todt, Daniel
       title: Mutagenic Effects of Ribavirin on Hepatitis E Virus—Viral Extinction versus Selection of Fitness-Enhancing Mutations
        date: 2016-10-13
       words: 6337
      flesch: 36
     summary: From Error Catastrophe to Lethal Defection Counteracting quasispecies adaptability: Extinction of a ribavirin-resistant virus mutant by an alternative mutagenic treatment Potential benefits of sequential inhibitor-mutagen treatments of RNA virus infections Antiviral Strategies Based on Lethal Mutagenesis and Error Threshold Pegylated interferon-alpha for treating chronic hepatitis E virus infection after liver transplantation Treatment of chronic hepatitis E in liver transplant recipients with pegylated interferon alpha-2b Antiviral Activities of Different Interferon Types and Subtypes against Hepatitis E Virus Replication Disparity of basal and therapeutically activated interferon signalling in constraining hepatitis E virus infection Viral hepatitis during pregnancy Incidence and severity of viral hepatitis in pregnancy Following an overview of RNA viruses treated with RBV in clinics and a summary of the different antiviral modes of action of this drug, we focus on the mutagenic effect of RBV on HEV intrahost populations, and how HEV is able to overcome lethal mutagenesis.
    keywords: action; activity; agent; antiviral; broad; cap; cell; chronic; clinical; combination; data; direct; disease; drug; effect; error; extinction; failure; fever; figure; fitness; foot; genomes; gtp; guanosine; hantaan; hcv; helper; hepatitis; heterogeneity; hev; high; host; ifn; infected; infection; influenza; inhibition; interferon; intra; lassa; lethal; liver; mechanisms; monotherapy; mouth; mutagenesis; mutagenic; mutant; mutations; new; nucleotide; patients; poliovirus; polymerase; pools; population; positive; quasispecies; rates; rbv; rdrp; replication; response; ribavirin; rna; rsv; rtp; selection; spectrum; studies; study; synthesis; therapy; threshold; transplant; treatment; trials; viral; virus; viruses; vivo
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