item: #1 of 288 id: cord-000235-782iew86 author: Kapoor, A title: Human bocaviruses are highly diverse, dispersed, recombination prone, and prevalent enteric infections date: 2010-06-01 words: 4193 flesch: 50 summary: Duration of immunity for canine and feline vaccines: a review Review of companion animal viral diseases and immunoprophylaxis Forty years of canine vaccination New DNA viruses identified in patients with acute viral infection syndrome Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples A newly identified bocavirus species in human stool A novel bocavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in Australian children Human bocavirus Complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of bovine parvovirus Animal bocaviruses: a brief review The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children Human bocavirus infection Human Bocavirus in children Severe pneumonia and human bocavirus in adult Detection of human bocavirus in Japanese children with lower respiratory tract infections Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Human bocavirus: developing evidence for pathogenicity Human bocavirus infection in young children in the United States: molecular epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of a newly emerging respiratory virus Epidemiological profile and clinical associations of human bocavirus and other human parvoviruses Frequent detection of human rhinoviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, and bocavirus during acute respiratory tract infections Human bocavirus: clinical significance and implications Serodiagnosis of human bocavirus infection Human bocavirus: passenger or pathogen in acute respiratory tract infections? Human bocavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis Human bocavirus in children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis: a case-control study Clinical and molecular epidemiology of human bocavirus in respiratory and fecal samples from children in Hong Kong Detection of human bocavirus in children hospitalized because of acute gastroenteritis Human bocavirus, a respiratory and enteric virus Human bocavirus infection in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in China Complete coding sequences and phylogenetic analysis of human bocavirus (HBoV) Genotyping of human bocavirus using a restriction length polymorphism MEGA: a biologist-centric software for evolutionary analysis of DNA and protein sequences Structural constraints on RNA virus evolution Frequent detection of highly diverse variants of cardiovirus, cosavirus, bocavirus, and circovirus in sewage samples collected in the United States Virus taxonomy. keywords: bocavirus; children; figure; hbov2; human; pcr; samples; sequences; species; stool cache: cord-000235-782iew86.txt plain text: cord-000235-782iew86.txt item: #2 of 288 id: cord-000261-ip32y0j5 author: Becker, Pablo D. title: Generation of Human Antigen-Specific Monoclonal IgM Antibodies Using Vaccinated “Human Immune System” Mice date: 2010-10-04 words: 5828 flesch: 41 summary: Thus, to fully exploit the Ig repertoire of human B cells in an in vivo setting, we explored the possibility to raise mAbs following de novo induction of human B cell responses in mice carrying elements of the human immune system (HIS). Similarly to methods based on the immortalization of human memory B cells from individuals that were either vaccinated or exposed to pathogens, our strategy exploits the antibody repertoire of human B cells which is likely to be different from that of B cells of mice expressing human Ig gene segments. keywords: antibodies; antigen; cells; clones; human; igg; igm; mabs; mice; mouse; specific; vaccinated cache: cord-000261-ip32y0j5.txt plain text: cord-000261-ip32y0j5.txt item: #3 of 288 id: cord-000366-u4649rtx author: Shan, Tongling title: Genomic Characterization and High Prevalence of Bocaviruses in Swine date: 2011-04-15 words: 2927 flesch: 50 summary: Virus Taxonomy: The Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Animal bocaviruses: a brief review Complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of bovine parvovirus Recovery and characterization of a minute virus of canines Human bocaviruses are highly diverse, dispersed, recombination prone, and prevalent in enteric infections Identification and characterization of a new bocavirus species in gorillas Widespread infection of chimpanzees and gorillas with homologues of human parvoviruses B19, PARV4 and human bocavirus in the wild Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples A novel bocavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in Australian children A newly identified bocavirus species in human stool Human bocavirus Human bocavirus and acute wheezing in children Detection of human bocavirus in Canadian children in a 1-year study Human bocavirus infection in hospitalized children during winter Bocavirus infection in hospitalized children Human bocavirus: a novel parvovirus epidemiologically associated with pneumonia requiring hospitalization in Thailand Human bocavirus respiratory infections in children Clinical and molecular epidemiology of human bocavirus in respiratory and fecal samples from children in Hong Kong Human bocavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis Role of Human Bocavirus infections in outbreaks of gastroenteritis Human bocavirus-a novel parvovirus to infect humans No gastroenteric Bocavirus in high risk patients stool samples Human bocavirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis and healthy controls Human bocavirus in an immunocompromised child presenting with severe diarrhea The first detection of human bocavirus 2 infections in China Frequent detection of highly diverse variants of cardiovirus, cosavirus, bocavirus, and circovirus in sewage samples collected in the United States Detection of a novel porcine boca-like virus in the background of porcine circovirus type 2 induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome Identification and nearly full-length genome characterization of novel porcine bocaviruses Identification of a third human polyomavirus Using primer walking, we sequenced the nearly complete genomes of two highly divergent bocaviruses we provisionally named porcine bocavirus 1 isolate H18 (PBoV1-H18) and porcine bocavirus 2 isolate A6 (PBoV2-A6) which differed by 51.8% in their NS1 protein. keywords: bocavirus; children; h18; human; pbov1; porcine; samples cache: cord-000366-u4649rtx.txt plain text: cord-000366-u4649rtx.txt item: #4 of 288 id: cord-001427-qw1e5cof author: Cantas, Leon title: Review: The Important Bacterial Zoonoses in “One Health” Concept date: 2014-10-14 words: 5813 flesch: 34 summary: Bacterial zoonotic diseases can be transferred from animals to humans in many ways (4): (i) The transfer may occur through animal bites and scratches (5) ; (ii) zoonotic bacteria originating from food animals can reach people through direct fecal oral route, contaminated animal food products, improper food handling, and inadequate cooking (6) (7) (8) ; (iii) farmers and animal health workers (i.e., veterinarians) are at increased risk of exposure to certain zoonotic pathogens and they may catch zoonotic bacteria; they could also become carriers of the zoonotic bacteria that can be spread to other humans in the community (9) ; (iv) vectors, frequently arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, and lice can actively or passively transmit bacterial zoonotic diseases to humans. New strategies for continuous dissemination of multidisciplinary research findings related to zoonotic bacterial diseases are hence needed. keywords: animal; antibiotic; bacteria; bites; diseases; dog; food; health; humans; infections; resistance; treatment; use; vector; zoonoses; zoonotic cache: cord-001427-qw1e5cof.txt plain text: cord-001427-qw1e5cof.txt item: #5 of 288 id: cord-002337-8v907g24 author: Lipsitch, Marc title: Viral factors in influenza pandemic risk assessment date: 2016-11-11 words: 18969 flesch: 27 summary: The impact of virus binding and release on transmission fitness using influenza as an example Identification of Stabilizing Mutations in an H5 Hemagglutinin Influenza Virus Protein Economic (ir)rationality in risk analysis Avian influenza shedding patterns in waterfowl: implications for surveillance, environmental transmission, and disease spread Introduction of virulence markers in PB2 of pandemic swine-origin influenza virus does not result in enhanced virulence or transmission Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets Modelling the species jump: towards assessing the risk of human infection from novel avian influenzas Water-bone transmission of influenza A viruses Fluorescence method for measuring the kinetics of fusion between biological membranes Fluorescence assays to monitor fusion of enveloped viruses Assessing the in vitro fitness of an oseltamivir-resistant seasonal A/ H1N1 influenza strain using a mathematical model Surveillance of wild birds for avian influenza virus The function of the neuraminidase in membrane fusion induced by myxoviruses Serological comparison of antibodies to avian influenza viruses, subtypes H5N2, H6N1, H7N3 and H7N9 between poultry workers and non-poultry workers in Taiwan in 2012 Determination of influenza virus proteins required for genome replication Experimental adaptation of an influenza H5 HA confers respiratory droplet transmission to a reassortant H5 HA/H1N1 virus in ferrets Receptor specificity of influenza A viruses correlates with the agglutination of erythrocytes from different animal species The PB2-E627K mutation attenuates viruses containing the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic polymerase Decoding the distribution of glycan receptors for humanadapted influenza a viruses in ferret respiratory tract Outbreak of variant influenza A (H3N2) virus in the United States Glycomic characterization of respiratory tract tissues of ferrets: implications for its use in influenza virus infection studies Emergence of the virulenceassociated PB2 E627K substitution in a fatal human case of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A (H7N7) infection as determined by Illumina ultradeep sequencing Mutational landscape and significance across 12 major cancer types Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian A(H5N2) and A(H5N8) Ferrets infected with human influenza viruses often exhibit transient weight loss, transient fever, and sneezing, whereas infection with selected HPAI viruses in this species can lead to pronounced weight loss, sustained fever, lethargy, dyspnea, and neurological complications (Belser et al., 2009 ). keywords: acid; activation; adaptation; avian; binding; et al; ferrets; h5n1; hemagglutinin; host; human; infection; influenza; influenza virus; isolates; mammalian; mutations; pandemic; polymerase; protein; receptor; risk; specificity; strain; studies; traits; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-002337-8v907g24.txt plain text: cord-002337-8v907g24.txt item: #6 of 288 id: cord-002728-6oyw5sqv author: Carding, S. R. title: Review article: the human intestinal virome in health and disease date: 2017-09-04 words: 4364 flesch: 26 summary: With respect to antibiotic-resistance genes, their presence may have been over-estimated in human viromes 11, 20, 27, 31, 35, 37 as these entities are thought to be rarely encoded in phages. pneumoniae-bacteriophage combination from the caecal effluent of a healthy woman Phage tail-like particles kill Clostridium difficile and represent an alternative to conventional antibiotics Three new Escherichia coli phages from the human gut show promising potential for phage therapy Lytic bacteriophage PM16 specific for Proteus mirabilis: a novel member of the genus Phikmvvirus Full genome virus detection in fecal samples using sensitive nucleic acid preparation, deep sequencing, and a novel iterative sequence classification algorithm Direct sequencing of human gut virome fractions obtained by flow cytometry Comparing viral metagenomics methods using a highly multiplexed human viral pathogens reagent PHACCS, an online tool for estimating the structure and diversity of uncultured viral communities using metagenomic information ACLAME: a CLAssification of Mobile genetic Elements, update 2010 Metavir: a web server dedicated to virome analysis Metavir 2: new tools for viral metagenome comparison and assembled virome analysis VIROME: a standard operating procedure for analysis of viral metagenome sequences Molecular methods of virus detection in lymphoma VirSorter: mining viral signal from microbial genomic data ViromeScan: a new tool for metagenomic viral community profiling VIP: an integrated pipeline for metagenomics of virus identification and discovery keywords: disease; gut; host; human; microbiome; patients; phages; samples; sequencing; virome; viruses; vlps cache: cord-002728-6oyw5sqv.txt plain text: cord-002728-6oyw5sqv.txt item: #7 of 288 id: cord-002933-zmx4k46v author: Stabell, Alex C title: Dengue viruses cleave STING in humans but not in nonhuman primates, their presumed natural reservoir date: 2018-03-20 words: 9289 flesch: 45 summary: Thus, a paradox exists in understanding why human dengue viruses are so difficult to model in nonhuman primates. The protease of human dengue virus, DENV2, cleaves only human STING To begin, we cloned STING from chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes, Genbank XM_016953921), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta, Genbank MF622060), and the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus, Genbank MF622061). keywords: cells; chimpanzee; cleavage; cleave; dengue; dengue viruses; et al; figure; host; human; infection; interferon; monkey; ns2b3; protease; protein; species; sting; virus; viruses cache: cord-002933-zmx4k46v.txt plain text: cord-002933-zmx4k46v.txt item: #8 of 288 id: cord-003629-xogzl1lv author: Alsuheel, Ali Mohammed title: Human metapneumovirus in Pediatric Patients with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in the Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia date: 2019-04-12 words: 2819 flesch: 36 summary: To date, there is no study from the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia determining the proportion and severity of hMPV infection among pediatric hospitalized patients with respiratory infections. hMPV infection was also found to be associated with complicated respiratory conditions such as bronchopneumonia, chronic heart disease and bronchial asthma. keywords: hmpv; human; infections; metapneumovirus; patients; study; tract cache: cord-003629-xogzl1lv.txt plain text: cord-003629-xogzl1lv.txt item: #9 of 288 id: cord-004222-z4butywi author: Joyce, Collin title: Comparisons of the antibody repertoires of a humanized rodent and humans by high throughput sequencing date: 2020-01-24 words: 3724 flesch: 38 summary: Robust estimates of overall immune-repertoire diversity from high-throughput measurements on samples Complete humanization of the mouse immunoglobulin loci enables efficient therapeutic antibody discovery Mechanisms that shape human antibody repertoire development in mice transgenic for human ig H and L chain loci Tissue-specific expressed antibody variable gene repertoires Intrinsic bias and public rearrangements in the human immunoglobulin Vλ light chain repertoire Immunoglobulin light chain gene rearrangements, receptor editing and the development of a Self-Tolerant antibody repertoire Microbial symbionts regulate the primary ig repertoire B cell superantigens in the human intestinal microbiota High frequency of shared clonotypes in human B cell receptor repertoires Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq. S4a-c) were found to be very similar to the observed data Columns are antibody repertoires and rows are gene segments. keywords: animal; antibody; chain; fig; gene; heavy; human; omnirat; repertoire; usage cache: cord-004222-z4butywi.txt plain text: cord-004222-z4butywi.txt item: #10 of 288 id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: None title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 words: 81833 flesch: 47 summary: 8cl-2(z is a mitochondrial or perinuclear-associated oncoprotein that prolongs the life span of a variety of cell types by interfering with programmed cell death. Single and repetitive uptake and release of CPZ were measured in each cell type after individual exposure or exposure in any combination of cell types: In 2 hour competitive uptake studies fibreblasts reached 1.7 and 2.6 times the concentrations of C6-and ROC-cells, :respectively. keywords: acid; activation; activity; addition; adult; amino; analysis; animals; antibodies; binding; brain; calcium; cdna; cell lines; cells; changes; cloned; complex; concentrations; conditions; contrast; control; cultures; current; data; days; decrease; development; different; differentiation; dna; domain; early; effects; end; enzyme; epithelial; experiments; expression; extracts; factor; family; fold; form; formation; function; fusion; gene; gene expression; growth; homology; hormone; human; increase; induction; infected; inhibition; institut; interaction; intracellular; kda; kinase; levels; major; mammalian; mechanisms; medium; membrane; mice; molecular; mouse; mrna; muscle; mutant; nerve; neuronal; neurons; new; non; nuclear; nucleus; number; order; pathway; phosphorylation; play; positive; potential; presence; present; process; production; promoter; properties; protein; protein expression; rat; rate; rats; reaction; receptor; recombinant; recombination; region; regulation; release; replication; response; results; rna; role; sequence; signal; sites; species; specific; stage; stimulation; structure; studies; study; subunit; surface; synthesis; system; t cells; target; terminal; time; tissue; tnf; transcription; treatment; tumor; type; university; virus; vitro; vivo; yeast cache: cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt plain text: cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt item: #11 of 288 id: cord-005068-3ddb38de author: Meslin, Eric M. title: Biobanking and public health: is a human rights approach the tie that binds? date: 2011-07-15 words: 8777 flesch: 30 summary: Framing genomics, public health research and policy: points to consider Contribution of the Human Tissue Archive to the advancement of medical knowledge and public health In: Last JM (ed) Maxcy-Rosenau public health and preventive medicine, 12th edn Personalized medicine: elusive dream or imminent reality? Intersections in the UNESCO Universal Bioethics Declaration Personalized medicine: revolutionizing drug discovery and patient care Public health, ethics, and human rights: a tribute to the late Jonathan Mann Nationwide molecular surveillance of pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus genomes: Canada History, principles, and practice of health and human rights Being more realistic about the public health impact of genomic medicine Solidarity: a (new) ethic for global health policy Ethical rhetoric: genomics and the moral content of UNESCO's 'universal' declarations Ethical framework for previously collected biobank samples Clear cell adenocarcinoma and the current status of DES-exposed females Population-based linkage of health records in Western Australia: development of a health services research linked database The human genome project: a challenge to the human rights framework On the origins of individual criminal responsibility under international law for business activity: IG Farben on trial Public health ethics: from foundations and frameworks to justice and global public health Genetic databases: socio-ethical issues in the collection and use of DNA Principles and practice in biobank governance Will genomics widen or help heal the schism between medicine and public health? Public health and the challenge of genomics The meaning of 'people' in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights Population genetics and benefit sharing Of biotechnology and man Biobanking: international norms Of genomics and public health: building a global public good? keywords: biobanking; ethics; framework; genomics; governments; health; human; individual; individualist; international; medicine; public; research; rights; solidarity cache: cord-005068-3ddb38de.txt plain text: cord-005068-3ddb38de.txt item: #12 of 288 id: cord-005080-r01ii1bu author: Butler, Colin D. title: Human Health, Well-Being, and Global Ecological Scenarios date: 2005-02-22 words: 5043 flesch: 39 summary: Both long-distance dust transport and more localized air pollution are also related to ecosystem service change and have been linked with a number of diseases, including asthma and atopy (Monteil 2002) . Inevitably, ecosystem service changes that contribute to modulated effects will be embedded in a mosaic of social, economic, and political cofactors. keywords: change; disease; ecosystem; effects; failure; health; human; income; populations; scenarios; services cache: cord-005080-r01ii1bu.txt plain text: cord-005080-r01ii1bu.txt item: #13 of 288 id: cord-005147-mvoq9vln author: None title: Autorenregister date: 2017-02-23 words: 86765 flesch: 41 summary: While a long list of gene mutations have so far been described to be responsible for the disease phenotype, little is known about the underlying neuronal mechanisms. WD pathogenesis, however, can not only be explained by gene coding mutations since phenotypes exhibit strong variations despite the same exonic DNA makeup in the gene. keywords: activity; addition; age; allele; analysis; approach; array; association; autosomal; blood; brain; breast; cancer; candidate; carriers; cases; cause; cell; children; chromosome; clones; coding; cohort; complex; conclusion; controls; data; delay; deletion; development; diagnosis; different; disability; disease; disease genes; disorders; dna; dominant; effect; exome; exome sequencing; exon; expression; factors; families; family; features; female; findings; function; gene; gene expression; generation; genetic; genome; genomic; germany; germline; growth; heterozygous; homozygous; human; identification; individuals; institute; levels; loci; loss; low; methods; methylation; mice; missense; model; molecular; mouse; mrna; mutations; negative; new; ngs; non; normal; novel; novo; number; onset; p =; panel; parents; pathways; patients; pcr; phenotype; potential; present; protein; receptor; recessive; regions; report; results; risk; rna; role; samples; sequence; sequencing; sites; skin; specific; spectrum; splice; splicing; studies; study; syndrome; system; target; testing; time; tissue; transcription; treatment; tumor; variants; wes; years cache: cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt plain text: cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt item: #14 of 288 id: cord-005159-6agnsbyd author: Turner, Bryan Stanley title: Vulnerability, diversity and scarcity: on universal rights date: 2013-07-12 words: 5734 flesch: 38 summary: After presenting a theoretical position on vulnerability and human rights, we draw on recent criticism of this approach in order to paint a more nuanced picture. The generic concepts of 'ethics of rights' and 'ethics of duties' (Patrão Neves 2009)-found implicitly in most official bioethics documents-can be viewed as two relevant ideas for a sociological study of human rights and global health policy. keywords: bioethics; health; human; institutions; life; relativism; resources; rights; scarcity; suffering; vulnerability; world cache: cord-005159-6agnsbyd.txt plain text: cord-005159-6agnsbyd.txt item: #15 of 288 id: cord-005262-pi8nkuc3 author: None title: Program Schedule date: 1983 words: 1031 flesch: 32 summary: Even numbered posters should be manned from 10:30 a.m. to noon * 178 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies that Identify Breast Myoepithelial and Breast Fibroblast Cells Trypanosoma cruzi Infection of Human Muscle Cells is Inhibited by Antibodies to Parasite Surface Antigens Production of the C3 Component of the Complement by Cultures of Rat Liver Epithelial Cells. Assays The Influence of Metabolic Substrates Upon Hepatocyte Proliferation in Short Term Primary Cultures Enzymology 192 Induction of Transglutaminase Activity in Transformed Human Cells by Sodium Butyrate Substrates of Cellular Transglutaminase Using WI38 Cells Generate Isopeptide Bonds Separation of Exponential Cultures of V-79 Ceils by Counterflow Centrifugal Elutriation: Correlation of Protein and Superoxide Coffee 10:20 W-3 Propagation of Magnolia in Tissue Culture. keywords: break; cells; coffee; culture; growth; rat; vitro cache: cord-005262-pi8nkuc3.txt plain text: cord-005262-pi8nkuc3.txt item: #16 of 288 id: cord-005789-jngjusk2 author: Selden, Richard F title: Regulation of human insulin gene expression in transgenic mice date: 1986 words: 3100 flesch: 42 summary: key: cord-005789-jngjusk2 authors: Selden, Richard F; Skośkiewicz, Marek J.; Howie, Kathleen Burke; Russell, Paul S.; Goodman, Howard M. title: Regulation of human insulin gene expression in transgenic mice date: 1986 journal: Nature DOI: 10.1038/321525a0 sha: doc_id: 5789 cord_uid: jngjusk2 Insulin is a polypeptide hormone of major physiological importance in the regulation of fuel homeostasis in animals (reviewed in refs 1, 2). The tissue specificity of human insulin gene expression in these transgenic mice was examined by both RNA analyses and pancreatic islet function studies. keywords: antibody; gene; glucose; human; insulin; levels; mice; peptide; transgenic cache: cord-005789-jngjusk2.txt plain text: cord-005789-jngjusk2.txt item: #17 of 288 id: cord-005872-w1x1i0im author: Volk, T. title: Endothelium function in sepsis date: 2000 words: 8880 flesch: 21 summary: Endothelial cells lack CD14 receptors and LPS effects on endothelial cells generally require the presence of CD14 in the serum. Molecular analysis of a novel bidirectional pathway Two distinct phospholipases C of Listeria monocytogenes induce ceramide generation, nuclear factor-kappa acivation, and E-selectin expression in human endothelial cells Internalin B is essential for adhesion and mediates the invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into human endothelial cells Activation of human endothelial cells by viable or heat-killed gram-negative bacteria requires soluble CD14 Interaction of Neisseria maningitidis with the components of the blood-brain barrier correlates with an increased expression of PilC The Ndomain of the human CD66a adhesion molecule is a target for Opa proteins of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Human microvascular endothelial tissue culture cell model for studying pathogenesis of Brazilian purpuric fever Pseudomonas aeruginosa selective adherence to and entry into human endothelial cells Endothelial function in sepsis 193 Cincomitant endosome-phagosome fusion and lysis of endosomal membranes account for Pseudomonas aeruginosa survival in human endothelial cells Endothelial cell GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc epitopes for outer membrane protein A enhance traversal of Escherichia coli across the blood-brain barrier Escherichia coli invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo: molecular cloning and characterization of invasion gene ibe10 Characterization of a strain of Chlamydia pneumoniae isolated from a coronary atheroma by analysis of the omp1 gene and biological activity in human endothelial cells Chlamydia species infect human vascular endothelial cells and induce procoagulant activity Signal Transduction Pathways Activated in Endothelial Cells Following Infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana endocarditis in three homeless men Bartonella quintana invades and multiplies within endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo and forms intracellular blebs Interaction of Bartonella henselae with endothelial cells results in bacterial aggregation on the cell surface and the subsequent engulfment and internalisation of the bacterial aggregate by a unique structure, the invasome NF-kappa B-dependent inhibition of apoptosis is essential for host cellsurvival during Rickettsia rickettsii infection Rickettsia conorii infection enhances vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-and intercellular adhesion molecule-1-dependent mononuclear cell adherence to endothelial cells IL-6 and IL-8 production from cultured human endothelial cells stimulated by infect on with Rickettsia conorii via a cell-associated IL-1 alpha-dependent pathway The role of CD14 in signaling mediated by outer membrane lipoproteins of Borrelia burgdorferi Integrins alpha(v)beta3 and alpha5beta1 mediate attachment of lyme disease spirochetes to human cells Different classes of proteoglycans contribute to the attachment of Borrelia burgdorferi to cultured endothelial and brain cells Borrelia burgdorferi upregulates the adhesion molecules E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on mouse endothelioma cells in vitro Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte and P-selectin interaction under flow conditions Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and CD36 synergize to mediate adherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to cultured human microvascular endothelial cells PECAM-1/CD31, an endothelial receptor for binding Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes Candida albicans stimulates cytokine production and leukocyte adhesion molecule expression by endothelial cells Secreted aspartyl proteinases and interactions of Candida albicans with human endothelial cells Dengue virus infection of human endothelial cells leads to chemokine production, complement activation, and apoptosis Adhesion molecule expression and lymphocyte adhesion to cerebral endothelium: effects of measles virus and herpes simplex 1 virus Measles virus induction of human endothelial cell tissue factor procoagulant activity in vitro Effects of viral activation of the vessel wall on inflammation and thrombosis Cellular entry of hantaviruses which cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is mediated by beta3 integrins Ebola virus inhibits induction of genes by double-stranded RNA in endothelial cells Human endothelial cell activation and mediator release in response to the bacterial exotoxins Escherichia coli hemolysin and staphylococcal alpha-toxin Infection by verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli Alpha toxin from Clostridium perfringens induces proinflammatory changes in endothelial cells Brain capillary endothelial cells express MBEC1, a protein that is related to the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors Phospholipase C and perfringolysin O from Clostridium perfringens upregulate endothelial cellleukocyte adherence molecule 1 and intercellular leukocyte adherence molecule 1 expression and induce interleukin-8 synthesis in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells Glucosylation of small GTP-binding Rho proteins disrupts endothelial barrier function Pasteurella multocida toxin increases endothelial permeability via Rho kinase and myosin light chain phosphatase Evidence for a structural motif in toxins and interleukin-2 that may be responsible for binding to endothelial cells and initiating vascular leak syndrome The listerial exotoxins listeriolysin and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C synergize to elicit endothelial cell phosphoinositide metabolism Lipoteichoic acid-induced neutrophil adhesion via E-selectin to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) Endothelial and epithelial cells do not respond to complexes of peptidoglycan with soluble CD14 but are activated indirectly by peptidoglycan-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 from monocytes Cytokines and endothelial cell biology Cytokine regulation of endothelial cell function: from molecular level to he bedside Pseudomonas siderophore pyochelin enhances neutrophil-mediated endothelial cell injury Superoxide dismutase-dependent, catalase-sensitive peroxides in human endothelial cells infected by Rickettsia rickettsii Superoxide release from interleukin-1B-stimulated human vascular cells: in situ electrochemical measuremeut Lipopolysaccharide enhances oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein by copper ions, endothelial and smooth muscle cells E-selectin expression in human endothelial cells by TNF-alpha-induced oxidant generation and NF-kappaB activation Superoxide responses of endothelial cells to C5a and TNF-alpha: divergent signal transduction pathways Lactosylceramide mediates tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression and the adhesion of neutrophil in human umbilical vein endothelial cells Effect of antioxidants on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated induction of mangano superoxide dismutase mRNA in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells Ambient but not incremental oxidant generation effects intercellular adhesion molecule 1 induction by tumour necrosis factor alpha in endothelium ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression induced by TNF-alpha are inhibited by a glutathione peroxidase mimic Glutathione peroxidase mimics prevent TNFalpha-and neutrophilinduced endothelial alterations Pore-forming bacterial toxins potently induce release of nitric oxide in porcine endothelial cells Cytokine-induced, nitric oxide-dependent, intracellular antirickettsial activity of mouse endothelial cells Endothelial cells are activated by cytokine treatment to kill an intravascular parasite, Schistosoma mansoni, through the production of nitric oxide Escherichia coli endotoxin inhibits agonistmediated cytosolic Ca2 + mobilization and nitric oxide biosynthesis in cultured endothelial cells Expressional control of the constitutive isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS I and NOS III) Inducible nitric oxide: an autoregulatory feedback inhibitor of vascular inflammation Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide Nitric oxide donor prevents hydrogen peroxide-mediated endothelial cell injury Nitric oxide attenuates hydrogen peroxide-mediated injury to porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells Protective effects of tetrahydrobiopterin against nitric oxide-induced endothelial cell death Endothelial damage induced by nitric oxide: synergism with reactive oxygen species Hydroxyl radical formation resulting from the interaction of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide Halliwell B van d V. Formation of nitric oxide-derived inflammatory oxidants by myeloperoxidase in neutrophils Nitric oxide inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis in pulmonary artery endothelial cells Lipopolysaccharide induces disseminated endothelial apoptosis requiring ceramide generation Lipopolysaccharide induces the antiapoptotic molecules, A1 and A20, in microvascular endothelial cells Apoptotic cell death in patients with sepsis, shock, and multiple organ dysfunction Nuclear factor-kappaB: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases Oxidant-sensitive and phosphorylation-dependent activation of NF-kappa B and AP-1 in endothelial cells Endothelial activation by hydrogen peroxide. keywords: activation; adhesion; alpha; cells; endothelial; expression; factor; function; human; infection; lps; microvascular; nitric; oxide; patients; permeability; production; relaxation; selectin; sepsis; shock; tnf cache: cord-005872-w1x1i0im.txt plain text: cord-005872-w1x1i0im.txt item: #18 of 288 id: cord-006127-rl7rur2j author: Brown, Nik title: Regulating Hybrids: ‘Making a Mess’ and ‘Cleaning Up’ in Tissue Engineering and Transpecies Transplantation date: 2006-02-08 words: 8927 flesch: 35 summary: In other words, regulatory bodies form particular representations of corporeal bodies and in turn subject corporeality to the innovativeness of regulation. There is then a legal firewall here in the governance of humans and animals, reflected in the structure of government departments and regulatory bodies. keywords: animal; boundaries; cells; definition; human; hybrid; material; medical; ordering; organs; products; regulation; regulatory; tissue cache: cord-006127-rl7rur2j.txt plain text: cord-006127-rl7rur2j.txt item: #19 of 288 id: cord-006229-7yoilsho author: None title: Abstracts of the 82(nd) Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) and the 18(th) Annual Meeting of the Network Clinical Pharmacology Germany (VKliPha) in cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Angewandte Humanpharmakologie e.V. (AGAH) date: 2016-02-06 words: 134020 flesch: 40 summary: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is characterized by a metabolic shift towards enhanced aerobic glycolysis and hence, increased lactate production. Further studies will be performed to clarify whether silver ions and/or silver nanoparticles could affect the specific N-acetylation of arylamines in human cells. keywords: acid; activation; activity; addition; agents; agonist; aim; analysis; animal; anti; approach; assay; assessment; background; barrier; binding; blood; body; brain; camp; cancer; cancer cells; cardiac; cell death; cell line; cells; cgmp; changes; channels; chemical; chronic; clinical; complex; compounds; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; contrast; control; culture; current; damage; data; days; death; development; differences; different; differentiation; disease; dna; dose; drug; e.g.; effects; endothelial; enzyme; experiments; exposure; expression; factor; fibroblasts; findings; flow; fold; food; formation; fret; function; g protein; gene; germany; group; growth; health; heart; human; impact; increase; induction; inflammation; influence; inhibition; inhibitors; insulin; interaction; intracellular; kidney; levels; line; liver; loss; low; lung; mcpd; mechanisms; membrane; metabolism; metabolites; methods; mice; migration; model; mouse; mrna; nanoparticles; neurons; new; non; novel; number; oct1; order; p<0.05; parameters; pathways; patients; phosphorylation; plasma; platelet; potential; presence; present; primary; processes; products; proliferation; properties; protein; protein expression; rats; receptor; receptor activation; reduced; reduction; regulation; release; research; resistance; response; results; risk; role; samples; set; signaling; skin; small; specific; stimulation; stress; studies; study; substances; system; target; test; testing; therapy; time; tissue; total; toxicity; transcription; treatment; tumor; type; uptake; vitro; vivo; vs.; weight cache: cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt plain text: cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt item: #20 of 288 id: cord-006230-xta38e7j author: None title: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date: 2012-02-22 words: 136000 flesch: 40 summary: In in-vitro studies on rat and canine mast cells and human mast cell leukemia cells HMC1.2 BZ at micromolar concentrations inhibited mediator release which appeared to be related to an inhibition of the intracellular cAMP pathway. Previous work showed that mouse cells lacking the immediate-early gene c-fos are hypersensitive to ultraviolet (UVC) light. keywords: acid; activation; activity; acute; addition; adducts; agonist; aim; analysis; animals; anti; apoptosis; approach; assay; assessment; binding; blood; brain; calcium; camp; cancer; cancer cells; cardiac; cell line; cells; cellular; cgmp; changes; channels; chronic; clinical; complex; compounds; concentration; conclusion; conditions; contrast; control; current; damage; data; days; death; decrease; deficient; development; differences; differentiation; disease; dna; dose; drug; e.g.; effects; endothelial; enzyme; evidence; experiments; exposure; expression; factor; failure; family; fibroblasts; findings; fold; food; formation; function; für; g protein; gene; gene expression; germany; glucose; growth; health; heart; human; hypertrophy; increase; induction; inflammation; inhibition; inhibitors; institut; insulin; interaction; intracellular; kidney; kinase; leads; levels; like; line; liver; loss; low; lung; macrophages; mechanisms; membrane; methods; mice; model; mouse; mrna; muscle cells; mutations; nanoparticles; ndpk; non; novel; number; pain; pathway; patients; pcr; pharmakologie; phosphorylation; plasma; potential; presence; present; pressure; primary; processes; production; products; proliferation; promoter; properties; protein; protein expression; pulmonary; rats; receptor; reduced; regulation; release; response; results; risk; rkip; role; ros; samples; selective; signaling; site; skin; smooth; specific; stimulation; stress; studies; study; substances; subunits; synthesis; system; t cells; target; test; tested; therapy; time; tissue; toxicity; toxikologie; toxin; transcription; transport; treatment; tumor; tumor cells; type; universität; uptake; values; vascular; vitro; vivo; water cache: cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt plain text: cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt item: #21 of 288 id: cord-006257-rnskg79a author: Majer, M. title: Diarrhea in newborn cynomolgus monkeys infected with human rotavirus date: 1978 words: 769 flesch: 35 summary: However, newborn cynomolgus monkeys which were naturally delivered and normally nursed, seem to be a promising animal model for the study of human rotavirus infection. New complement fixation test for the human reovirus-like agent of infantile gastroenteritis Viren als Ursache der akuten Gastroenteritis im S/iuglings-und Kleinkinderatter Seroepidemiological investigations on the epidemiology of human rotavirus infections 0rbiviruses and gastroenteritis keywords: rotavirus; virus cache: cord-006257-rnskg79a.txt plain text: cord-006257-rnskg79a.txt item: #22 of 288 id: cord-007101-m0fs2f2a author: Wang, Mei title: Human Microbiota-Associated Swine: Current Progress and Future Opportunities date: 2015-05-19 words: 6505 flesch: 25 summary: Gnotobiotic piglet models have been developed and shown to recapitulate key aspects of GN rodent models. Establishment of the gut microbiota in Western infants Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the gut microbiota profiles of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus reuteri modulate cytokine responses in gnotobiotic pigs infected with human rotavirus Allergy development and the intestinal microflora during the first year of life Shortchain fructooligosaccharides administration dose-dependently increases fecal bifidobacteria in healthy humans Enhanced actin pedestal formation by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 adapted to the mammalian host Isolator and other neonatal piglet models in developmental immunology and identification of virulence factors Antibody repertoire development in fetal and newborn piglets, III. keywords: development; et al; gut; hma; host; human; immune; microbiota; model; piglets; pigs cache: cord-007101-m0fs2f2a.txt plain text: cord-007101-m0fs2f2a.txt item: #23 of 288 id: cord-007726-bqlf72fe author: Rydell-Törmänen, Kristina title: The Applicability of Mouse Models to the Study of Human Disease date: 2018-11-09 words: 7993 flesch: 32 summary: In this chapter, an in-depth analysis of these similarities and differences is provided to allow researchers to use mouse models of human disease and primary cells derived from these animal models under the most appropriate and meaningful conditions. Using specific examples of mouse models of human lung disease, i.e., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis, this chapter explores the most salient features of mouse models of human disease and provides a full assessment of the advantages and limitations of these models, focusing on the relevance of disease induction and their ability to replicate critical features of human disease pathophysiology and response to treatment. keywords: administration; airway; animals; asthma; cell; differences; disease; fibrosis; human; inflammation; lung; mice; model; mouse; research cache: cord-007726-bqlf72fe.txt plain text: cord-007726-bqlf72fe.txt item: #24 of 288 id: cord-007735-ejvv2lxv author: Bowdish, D. M. E. title: Immunomodulatory Properties of Defensins and Cathelicidins date: 2006 words: 13937 flesch: 28 summary: In humans, the major classes of host defence peptides include the α- and β-defensins and the cathelicidin, hCAP-18/LL-37. Interest in the immunomodulatory functions of these peptides is increasing, and indeed many peptides and proteins with similar characteristics to host defence peptides have been found to have either antimicrobial or immunomodulatory properties in addition to their primary functions. keywords: activity; antigen; antimicrobial; beta; cells; concentrations; defence; defence peptides; defensins; effects; epithelial; et al; expression; host; host defence; human; immunity; infection; ll-37; neutrophil; peptides; presence; production; response cache: cord-007735-ejvv2lxv.txt plain text: cord-007735-ejvv2lxv.txt item: #25 of 288 id: cord-007843-yqdqm4rh author: Shader, Richard I. title: Zoonotic Viruses: The Mysterious Leap From Animals to Man date: 2018-07-26 words: 981 flesch: 51 summary: Results from other investigations suggest it may be effective against bat viruses and other viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus and Lassa fever virus. The collection highlights recent controversies in vaccine licensure and recommendation, as well as advances in antiviral therapies for herpesvirus, hepatitis B and C, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza, with an emphasis on pediatric patients. keywords: bats; coronaviruses; humans; virus; viruses cache: cord-007843-yqdqm4rh.txt plain text: cord-007843-yqdqm4rh.txt item: #26 of 288 id: cord-008881-579ronfq author: Nicholson, KarlG title: MULTISITE INTRADERMAL ANTIRABIES VACCINATION: Immune Responses in Man and Protection of Rabbits Against Death from Street Virus by Postexposure Administration of Human Diploid-Cell-Strain Rabies Vaccine date: 1981-10-24 words: 2887 flesch: 40 summary: WHO consultation on cell culture rabies vaccines and their protective effect in man Immunoglobulin IgG and IgM antibody responses to rabies vaccine transformed the management of diabetes and it is now administered to about 4 million diabetics throughout the world. We thank Dr C. Charbonnier and l'lnstitut Merieux for the gift of the vaccine Requests for reprints should be addressed to K. G. N. Successful protection of humans exposed to rabies infection Postexposure treatment with the new human diploid cell rabies vaccine and antirabies serum Post-exposure use of human diploid cell culture rabies vaccine Deitch MW Postexposure trial of a human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine Immunization with a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: two year results Studies with human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine and human rabies immunoglobulin in man Human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine rapid prophylactic immunisation of volunteers with small doses Immune responses of humans to a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: lymphocyte transformation, production of virus-neutralizing antibody, and induction of interferon L'injecteur sans aiguille Dermo-jet Presse Mé Quantitative assay and potency test of antirabies serum and immunoglobulin MacNaughton MR Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus 229 E group viruses Purification of human T and B lymphocytes Immunogenicity and acceptability of a human diploid cell culture rabies vaccine in volunteers Rabies prophylaxis simplified Resultats de la vaccination antirabique preventive par le vaccin inactive concentre souche Rabies PM/W138-1503-3M cultivee sur cellules diploides humaines Developments in Biological Standardisation Prophylactic immunization of humans against rabies by intradermal inoculation of human diploid cell culture vaccine A large scale antirabies immunisation study in humans using HDCS vaccine. keywords: antibody; cell; hdcs; human; insulin; rabies; vaccine cache: cord-008881-579ronfq.txt plain text: cord-008881-579ronfq.txt item: #27 of 288 id: cord-009614-lbjesv8y author: Durmuş Tekir, Saliha D. title: Systems biology of pathogen‐host interaction: Networks of protein‐protein interaction within pathogens and pathogen‐human interactions in the post‐genomic era date: 2012-11-29 words: 7119 flesch: 36 summary: In this review, the efforts to systematic determination and analysis of protein interaction networks underlying infection pathogenesis are summarized (mainly in a chronological order) to present the current picture of the research on infectious diseases. In the light of these advances, the initial steps towards complete understanding of infection mechanisms through protein interactions have been recently published. keywords: analysis; data; genome; host; human; infection; interactions; map; network; pathogen; phi; ppi; proteins; scale; virus cache: cord-009614-lbjesv8y.txt plain text: cord-009614-lbjesv8y.txt item: #28 of 288 id: cord-009792-e2vvi8qo author: Pandit, SB title: Structural and Functional Characterization of Gene Products Encoded in the Human Genome by Homology Detection date: 2008-01-03 words: 5213 flesch: 35 summary: A considerable number of human proteins are characterized by short lengths, although they match significantly with protein domain families which are typically much longer. With a view to enhance structural information present in human genome, we have used structural information as in PALI profiles that is generated using structure-dependent sequence alignments of a large number of protein domain families, since the incorporation of 3-D structural information could aid in effective detection of remotely related proteins. keywords: database; domain; families; family; genome; human; pfam; proteins; sequence; superfamilies cache: cord-009792-e2vvi8qo.txt plain text: cord-009792-e2vvi8qo.txt item: #29 of 288 id: cord-010046-7hlgjiqp author: Harvey, David J. title: Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2003–2004 date: 2008-09-29 words: 39360 flesch: 33 summary: A study by Luxembourg et al. (2003) using the high resolution capability of matrix-assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry has demonstrated crystal inhomogeneity among DHB crystals on MALDI targets. Kéki et al. keywords: acid; activity; addition; amino; analysis; binding; biosynthesis; carbohydrate; cell; chain; characterization; chca; chemical; complex; compounds; conditions; core; cyclodextrin; derivatives; desorption; determination; dhb; electrophoresis; electrospray; enzymatic; enzyme; et al; f tof; flight; formation; fragmentation; fragments; gal; galnac; glc; glucose; glycans; glycoconjugates; glycopeptides; glycoprotein; glycosides; glycosylation; group; hplc; human; identification; ionization; ions; kda; laser; lipid; liquid; maldi; maldi ms; mannose; mass; mass spectrometry; matrices; matrix; method; nmr; novel; oligosaccharides; peaks; phase; phosphate; pngase; presence; products; protein; recombinant; residues; site; spectra; spectrometry; structure; studies; study; sugar; synthesis; synthesis tof; target; thap; time; tof; tof analysis; tof mass; tof ms; trypsin; type; use cache: cord-010046-7hlgjiqp.txt plain text: cord-010046-7hlgjiqp.txt item: #30 of 288 id: cord-010570-ytv7dwr0 author: Casadevall, Arturo title: Return to the Past: The Case for Antibody-Based Therapies in Infectious Diseases date: 1995-07-17 words: 7474 flesch: 27 summary: Chemotherapy was more effective and less toxic than antibody therapy. Serum therapy reduced mortality in diphtheria, and antibody therapy continues to be used today to treat this disease keywords: antibodies; antibody; chemotherapy; human; immune; infections; intravenous; mabs; monoclonal; murine; pathogens; patients; serum; therapies; therapy; treatment; use cache: cord-010570-ytv7dwr0.txt plain text: cord-010570-ytv7dwr0.txt item: #31 of 288 id: cord-010977-fwz7chzf author: Myserlis, Pavlos title: Translational Genomics in Neurocritical Care: a Review date: 2020-02-20 words: 12007 flesch: 21 summary: Given that diseases common to the neurocritical care population so rarely afford access to brain tissue for pathologic or genomic analysis antemortem, model system genomic studies offer an important adjunct for translational research. As such, many model system studies start with RNA, examining how the genome responds to perturbation through the transcriptome. keywords: animal; approach; brain; care; disease; expression; gene; genome; genomic; hemorrhage; human; injury; mechanisms; models; patients; research; risk; sequencing; stroke; studies; study; systems; tbi; translational; variants cache: cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt plain text: cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt item: #32 of 288 id: cord-015394-uj7fe5y6 author: None title: Scientific Abstracts date: 2008-12-23 words: 242809 flesch: 48 summary: The highest level of -tubulin acetylation (2.5-fold) was observed with Vinblastine at 10-fold IC 50 after 48 h. Exposure to Microtubule interacting agents and TSA resulted in increased cell surface expression of Ep-CAM in a time and dose dependent manner. Finally, we elucidated a link between the RA and TGF-pathways by assessing the impact of RA treatment of TGF-3 expression, demonstrating that TGF-3 template decreased to levels comparable to myometrial cell expression (0.84±0.12 fold). keywords: acid; activation; activity; addition; administration; adult; aea; age; aim; analysis; animals; anova; anti; antibodies; antibody; apoptosis; arteries; artery; assay; associated; association; background; baseline; binding; birth; blood; blood cells; blot; bmi; body; brain; cancer; cancer cells; cases; cells; center; cervix; cesarean; changes; clinical; collagen; concentrations; conclusions; conditions; contractions; contrast; contribute; control; control cells; control group; correlation; cortisol; crf; culture; cycle; cytokines; data; day; days; decidua; decrease; delivery; design; development; differences; differentiation; disease; dna; dose; effect; elisa; endometriosis; endometrium; endothelial; eoc cells; epithelial; estradiol; estrogen; evidence; explants; exposure; expression; expression levels; factor; fat; female; fetal; fetuses; findings; flow; fluid; fold; following; free; function; gene; gestation; glucose; gnrh; group; growth; gynecology; hcg; high; hormone; hospital; hours; human; hypertension; hypothesis; hypoxia; il-6; il-8; immune; immunohistochemistry; implantation; increase; induction; infection; inflammation; inhibitor; insulin; introduction; invasion; iugr; ivf; kinase; labor; leptin; levels; lps; male; maternal; mean; mechanisms; media; medical; medicine; medium; membranes; menstrual; methods; mice; min; model; mouse; mrna expression; mrna levels; muscle cells; myometrial; n=6; neonatal; new; non; normal; novel; nuclear; number; obesity; objective; obstetrics; offspring; onset; oocytes; outcome; ovarian; oxygen; p<0.001; p<0.05; pathway; patients; pattern; pcos; pcr; period; phase; phosphorylation; placental; placental cells; plasma; play; population; positive; post; potential; preeclampsia; pregnancies; pregnancy; pregnant; presence; present; pressure; preterm; primary; production; progesterone; proliferation; protein expression; protein levels; proteins; range; rate; rats; receptor; receptor expression; reduced; regulation; relative; release; reproductive; response; restriction; results; risk; role; samples; secretion; sections; serum; sheep; signaling; smooth; specific; staining; stress; studies; study; study group; subjects; syndrome; system; t cells; term; test; time; tissue; tnf; total; treatment; trimester; trophoblast cells; tumor; type; university; usa; uterine; uterus; vascular; vegf; vehicle; vitro; vivo; weeks; weight; western; women; years cache: cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt plain text: cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt item: #33 of 288 id: cord-015613-ls9qus8y author: Macdonald, David W. title: Infectious disease: Inextricable linkages between human and ecosystem health date: 2006-06-06 words: 6158 flesch: 40 summary: key: cord-015613-ls9qus8y authors: Macdonald, David W.; Laurenson, M. Karen title: Infectious disease: Inextricable linkages between human and ecosystem health date: 2006-06-06 journal: That false dichotomy has long since passed as infectious disease has become a central issue in biological conservation, which itself has become enmeshed in an inter-disciplinary web that embraces the health of ecosystems and people (e.g. Riordan et al., 2006) . keywords: bats; conservation; control; disease; et al; health; human; pathogens; populations; species; transmission; virus; wildlife cache: cord-015613-ls9qus8y.txt plain text: cord-015613-ls9qus8y.txt item: #34 of 288 id: cord-016070-e9ix35x3 author: Perret Pérez, Cecilia title: Pneumonia Caused by Emerging Viral Agents date: 2020-02-01 words: 3647 flesch: 41 summary: This virus is detected in up to 10% of acute respiratory disease cases, and its symptoms range from upper respiratory disease, including flu-like disease, fever, rhinitis, odynophagia, and cough, to serious conditions with a rapidly progressing respiratory disease. Coronavirus NL 63, which belongs to coronavirus group I, was discovered for the first time in a child with bronchiolitis in the Netherlands in 2004, and then ratified in small children hospitalized for serious respiratory infections. keywords: cases; children; coronavirus; disease; human; infection; influenza; patients; virus cache: cord-016070-e9ix35x3.txt plain text: cord-016070-e9ix35x3.txt item: #35 of 288 id: cord-016095-jop2rx61 author: Vignais, Pierre V. title: Challenges for Experimentation on Living Beings at the Dawn of the 21(st) Century date: 2010-06-08 words: 42858 flesch: 42 summary: Nevertheless, research on such cells is mandatory if we wish to move on to a regenerative medicine that aims to be a new frontier in the art of healing. In Man, such cells could be directed by differentiation towards stable cell lines creating well-defined tissues and organs (liver, muscle…) that could be used in regenerative medicine. keywords: animal; atp; beings; biology; case; cells; century; chapter; cloning; dna; domain; enzyme; example; experiments; fact; figure; gene; genome; human; information; life; living; means; medicine; messenger; metabolic; method; molecular; molecules; neurons; non; order; plant; present; progress; proteins; research; rise; rnas; science; sequence; species; stem; stem cells; study; subject; synthesis; techniques; technology; time; type; use; way; years cache: cord-016095-jop2rx61.txt plain text: cord-016095-jop2rx61.txt item: #36 of 288 id: cord-016292-o4cw5ufy author: Horby, Peter W. title: Drivers of Emerging Zoonotic Infectious Diseases date: 2014-07-19 words: 4014 flesch: 32 summary: Stage 4: Animal disease that have sustained transmission between humans (e.g. influenza). Some aspects of socio-economic change might serve to reduce the overall risk of infectious disease emergence, but all ecosystem changes have the potential to provide new opportunities for microorganisms to spill-over into human populations. keywords: animals; asia; diseases; emergence; et al; food; humans; production; risk cache: cord-016292-o4cw5ufy.txt plain text: cord-016292-o4cw5ufy.txt item: #37 of 288 id: cord-016293-pyb00pt5 author: Newell-McGloughlin, Martina title: The flowering of the age of Biotechnology 1990–2000 date: 2006 words: 22413 flesch: 45 summary: These DNA chips have broad commercial applications and are now used in many areas of basic and clinical research including the detection of drug resistance mutations in infectious organisms, direct DNA sequence comparison of large segments of the human genome, the monitoring of multiple human genes for disease associated mutations, the quantitative and parallel measurement of mRNA expression for thousands of human genes, and the physical and genetic mapping of genomes. Of course for such a radical approach certain basal level criteria needed to be established for selecting disease candidates for human gene therapy. keywords: animal; biology; biotechnology; cancer; cells; company; data; development; disease; dna; drug; expression; food; gene; gene therapy; genome; human; influenza; information; level; molecular; nih; number; plant; production; products; project; protein; research; rna; scientists; sequence; sequencing; stem cells; studies; system; techniques; technology; therapy; time; transfer; transgenic; university; use; virus; year cache: cord-016293-pyb00pt5.txt plain text: cord-016293-pyb00pt5.txt item: #38 of 288 id: cord-016313-n4ewq0pt author: Baranyi, Lajos title: Advances in Lentiviral Vector-based Cell Therapy with Mesenchymal Stem Cells date: 2012-09-27 words: 20593 flesch: 29 summary: However, much more needs to be known about the normal differentiation and functioning of the airway's basal cells and the differentiation and lineages of stem cells to have more ef fi cient treatment options both for gene therapy and for stem cell therapy [ 207 ] . Alas, the dif fi culties in research are faithfully re fl ected in the confusion in the nomenclature used for describing and classifying stem cells, including the classes of stem cells of mesodermal origin. keywords: alpha; beta; bone; cell therapy; ciency; cient; delivery; differentiation; disease; ef fi; endothelial; expression; fi c; fi cient; gene; gene therapy; human; lentiviral; mesenchymal; mesenchymal stem; mice; model; mscs; novel; potential; protein; signi; signi fi; speci; speci fi; stem cells; therapy; tissue; transduction; transfer; transplantation; use; vector; virus; vivo cache: cord-016313-n4ewq0pt.txt plain text: cord-016313-n4ewq0pt.txt item: #39 of 288 id: cord-016364-80l5mua2 author: Menotti-Raymond, Marilyn title: The Domestic Cat, Felis catus, as a Model of Hereditary and Infectious Disease date: 2008 words: 6926 flesch: 28 summary: The canine genome Understanding the genetics of autoimmune disease: Two loci that regulate late onset Addison's disease in Portuguese Water Dogs Canine RPGRIP1 mutation establishes cone-rod dystrophy in miniature longhaired dachshunds as a homologue of human Leber congenital amaurosis Cat domestication age An STR forensic typing system for genetic individualization of domestic cat (Felis catus) samples Tyrosinase and tyrosinase related protein 1 alleles specify domestic cat coat color phenotypes of the albino and brown loci Feline polycystic kidney disease mutation identified in PKD1 An ∼140-kb deletion associated with feline spinal muscular atrophy implies an essential LIX1 function for motor neuron survival A homozygous single-base deletion in MLPH causes the dilute coat color phenotype in the domestic cat Albinism in the domestic cat (Felis catus) is associated with a tyrosinase (TYR) mutation Tyrosinase mutations associated with Siamese and Burmese patterns in the domestic cat (Felis catus) Molecular diagnosis of gangliosidosis: A model of inherited diseases in pure breeds Characterization of the molecular defect in a feline model for type II GM2-gangliosidosis (Sandhoff disease) An inversion of 25 base pairs causes feline GM2 gangliosidosis variant Mutation of the GM2 activator protein in a feline model of GM2 gangliosidosis Glycogen storage disease Type IV: Inherited deficiency of branching enzyme activity in cats Glycogen storage disease Type IV in Norwegian Forest Cats: Molecular detection of carriers Characterization of the mutations causing hemophilia B in 2 domestic cats A mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene is the molecular basis of chylomicronemia in a colony of domestic cats A cardiac myosin binding protein C mutation in the Maine Coon cat with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy A missense mutation in Nacetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase causes mucolipidosis II in domestic shorthair cats Two mutations within a feline mucopolysaccharidosis type VI colony cause three different clinical phenotypes Molecular basis of feline beta-glucuronidase deficiency: An animal model of mucopolysaccharidosis VII Deletion of the dystrophin muscle promoter in feline muscular dystrophy Mutation analysis of feline Niemann-Pick C1 disease A tyrosinase gene missense mutation in temperature-sensitive type I oculocutaneous albinism. [130] [131] [132] Historically, many of the human oncogenes that defi ne signal transduction pathways were originally discovered in the context of feline leukemia virus interaction in cat models. keywords: animal; cat; cats; disease; dog; feline; gene; genome; human; linkage; map; mapping; model; mucopolysaccharidosis; sequence; species; therapy; type; virus cache: cord-016364-80l5mua2.txt plain text: cord-016364-80l5mua2.txt item: #40 of 288 id: cord-016403-id6fjgye author: Djikeng, Appolinaire title: Implications of Human Microbiome Research for the Developing World date: 2011-10-11 words: 8150 flesch: 31 summary: The nonresident microbiota contains known and unknown microbes that cause a wide range of human diseases, most of which remain to be effectively controlled in both the developed and the developing world. As an example, recent human microbiome studies have led to the discovery of a novel virus of the Cosavirus genus and its association with acute diarrhea in a child in Australia (Holtz et al., 2008) . keywords: analysis; approaches; countries; diarrhea; diseases; diversity; et al; genomics; health; human; metagenomics; microbiome; research; species; studies; world cache: cord-016403-id6fjgye.txt plain text: cord-016403-id6fjgye.txt item: #41 of 288 id: cord-016499-5iqpl23p author: Mackay, Ian M. title: Rhinoviruses date: 2014-02-27 words: 23417 flesch: 34 summary: ARIs linked to HRV infections are associated with excessive and perhaps inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and with significant direct and indirect healthcare expenditure. ARIs linked to HRV infections are associated with excessive and perhaps inappropriate antibiotic prescribing [ 4 ] and with signifi cant direct and indirect healthcare expenditure [ 5 , 6 ] . keywords: acute; adults; airway; antiviral; ari; asthma; cells; children; cold; culture; defi; detection; disease; exacerbations; host; hrsv; hrv; hrv infection; hrvs; human; identifi; ifn; illness; infection; infl; nasal; pcr; receptor; response; rhinovirus; rna; role; species; studies; study; symptoms; time; tract; type; viruses cache: cord-016499-5iqpl23p.txt plain text: cord-016499-5iqpl23p.txt item: #42 of 288 id: cord-016657-w30hed7w author: Blatt, Amy J. title: Geographic Medicine date: 2014-09-29 words: 3209 flesch: 38 summary: key: cord-016657-w30hed7w authors: Blatt, Amy J. title: Geographic Medicine date: 2014-09-29 journal: Health, Science, and Place DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12003-4_8 sha: doc_id: 16657 cord_uid: w30hed7w This chapter uses a sub-discipline of medicine, known as geographic medicine, to describe how human movements contribute to the transmission of parasites on spatial scales that exceed the limits of its natural habitat. This chapter demonstrates how public health is intimately linked to patient care through human movement. keywords: areas; disease; health; human; movement; transmission; travel cache: cord-016657-w30hed7w.txt plain text: cord-016657-w30hed7w.txt item: #43 of 288 id: cord-016743-k5plq0ja author: Mohammed, Yousuf H. title: Efficacy, Safety and Targets in Topical and Transdermal Active and Excipient Delivery date: 2017-01-25 words: 10104 flesch: 35 summary: Numerous reviews and research articles have been written comparing the different skin models to each other and to human skin (Lotte et al. 2002; In microarray analysis, Hu et al. (2010) found that the expression of a large percentage of the genes was consistent between EpiDerm ® and human skin indicating the presence of similar metabolic pathways. keywords: absorption; active; cells; delivery; drug; effects; efficacy; epidermal; epidermis; et al; evaluation; flux; formulation; penetration; product; safety; site; skin; testing; transdermal; treatment; use; vivo cache: cord-016743-k5plq0ja.txt plain text: cord-016743-k5plq0ja.txt item: #44 of 288 id: cord-016782-aods92rf author: Lessenger, James E. title: Diseases from Animals, Poultry, and Fish date: 2006 words: 4988 flesch: 45 summary: Other documented infections of humans from manure-contaminated foods includes Listeria monocytogenes in cabbage contaminated by sheep waste, Cryptosporidium spread by municipal water contaminated by cattle, Salmonella hartford in food prepared by contaminated water from a shallow well polluted with poultry manure, and Pleisomonas shigelloides infection associated with well-water contaminated by poultry manure (5) . Key to the prevention of the transmission of animal disease to humans is the proper processing of food products. keywords: animals; contact; disease; farms; fish; food; health; humans; infection; poultry; salmonella; transmission; tuberculosis; workers cache: cord-016782-aods92rf.txt plain text: cord-016782-aods92rf.txt item: #45 of 288 id: cord-016839-cqtpj3m0 author: Ramcharan, Robin title: Intellectual Property and Human Security date: 2012-08-17 words: 5916 flesch: 45 summary: Health security was at the vital core of human security-and illness, disability and avoidable death are critical pervasive threats to human security. key: cord-016839-cqtpj3m0 authors: Ramcharan, Robin title: Intellectual Property and Human Security date: 2012-08-17 journal: International Intellectual Property Law and Human Security DOI: 10.1007/978-90-6704-900-9_2 sha: doc_id: 16839 cord_uid: cqtpj3m0 This chapter discusses the interrelatedness between intellectual property and human security. keywords: development; health; human; international; patent; people; property; public; rights; security; state cache: cord-016839-cqtpj3m0.txt plain text: cord-016839-cqtpj3m0.txt item: #46 of 288 id: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi author: Zaki, Sherif R. title: Viral Infections of the Lung date: 2008 words: 19595 flesch: 28 summary: Preceding respiratory infection predisposing for primary and secondary invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease Viral-bacterial synergistic interaction in respiratory disease Immune impairment of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis during influenza virus pneumonia Mechanisms of bacterial superinfect ions in viral pneumonias Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Identification of a new North American hantavirus that causes acute pulmonary insufficiency Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus Genetic identification of a hantavirus associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness Varicella-related mortality in California Decline in mortality due to varicella after implementation of varicella vaccination in the United States Pneumonia caused by herpesviruses in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants Initial genetic characterization of the 1918 Spanish influenza virus Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus Transmission of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus by organ transplantation A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans Fatal West Nile virus encephalitis in a renal transplant recipient Transmission of West Nile virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture Recovery of new agent from patients with acute respiratory illness Adenoviruses: group name proposed for new respiratory-tract viruses Adenoviruses in the immunocompromised host Fatal disseminated adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients Respiratory disease and the adenoviruses Adenoviruses from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals, including two strains that represent new candidate serotypes Ad50 and Ad51 of species Bl and D, respectively Infections in 18,000 infants and children in a controlled study of respiratory tract disease. 102 Multinucleated syncytial cells similar to those seen in some SARS patients can also be found in a number of virus infections, including measles, parainfluenza viruses, RSV, and Nipah virus infections. keywords: acute; alveolar; antigens; cases; cause; cells; children; diagnosis; disease; fever; fig; giant; hsv; human; inclusions; infection; influenza; lung; measles; nipah; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; sars; syncytial; syndrome; tissues; tract; type; varicella; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi.txt plain text: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi.txt item: #47 of 288 id: cord-017112-5men6dfk author: Gupta, Varsha title: Biosafety and Bioethics date: 2016-10-23 words: 7058 flesch: 48 summary: As the Royal Society concluded in its 2001 Report The Use of Genetically Modifi ed Animals, the use of transgenic animals is fundamentally little different from the use of other animals in biomedical research. Thus, humans have obligations toward other animals. keywords: animals; biosafety; cells; cloning; crops; health; human; issues; laboratory; life; research; stem; technology; use cache: cord-017112-5men6dfk.txt plain text: cord-017112-5men6dfk.txt item: #48 of 288 id: cord-017188-d3xg05ty author: Swartz, H.M. title: Free Radicals and Medicine date: 2005 words: 15612 flesch: 35 summary: It is interesting to note that G·C T·A transversions occur frequently as mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in human lung‚ breast‚ and liver cancers (e.g. Hollstein et al.‚ 1991) . The same signal was observed after instillation of either a mixture of vanadium‚ nickel‚ and iron sulfates or alone‚ metals which are prevalent in oil fly ash. keywords: adduct; cancer; cells; damage; disease; dna; epr; et al; formation; free; generation; genes; human; melanin; nmr; oxidative; oxygen; potential; radical; repair; role; rpe; species; spin; stress; studies; superoxide; trapping; traps; tumor; use; vivo cache: cord-017188-d3xg05ty.txt plain text: cord-017188-d3xg05ty.txt item: #49 of 288 id: cord-017225-6ofi6mg5 author: Wei, Yuwa title: Human Rights Issues date: 2018-12-10 words: 11350 flesch: 47 summary: These problems are mainly associated with failures in environmental protection, food safety, and medical security. These problems are mainly associated with failures in environmental protection, food safety, and medical security. keywords: care; china; chinese; control; environment; food; food safety; government; health; health care; human; inspection; law; national; people; problems; protection; public; quality; rights; state; system cache: cord-017225-6ofi6mg5.txt plain text: cord-017225-6ofi6mg5.txt item: #50 of 288 id: cord-017364-d9zmdm23 author: Crowe, James E. title: Paramyxoviruses: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus date: 2014-02-27 words: 18355 flesch: 27 summary: A prospective, longitudinal study in young children Respiratory syncytial virus infections within families Respiratory syncytial virus infections in previously healthy working adults Antigenic and genetic diversity among the attachment proteins of group A respiratory syncytial viruses that have caused repeat infections in children Pattern of respiratory syncytial virus epidemics in Finland: two-year cycles with alternating prevalence of groups A and B Subgroup characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus strains recovered from children with two consecutive infections An antigenic analysis of respiratory syncytial virus isolates by a plaque reduction neutralization test Antigenic characterization of respiratory syncytial virus strains with monoclonal antibodies Strain-specifi c serum antibody responses in infants undergoing primary infection with respiratory syncytial virus The G glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial viruses of subgroups A and B: extensive sequence divergence between antigenically related proteins Clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus group A and B infection in Sydney, Australia Occurrence of groups A and B of respiratory syncytial virus over 15 years: associated epidemiologic and clinical characteristics in hospitalized and ambulatory children Severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection is related to virus strain Variation in severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections with subtype Distribution and clinical impact of human respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in hospitalized children over 2 winter seasons RSV infection-not for kids only Impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on surgery for congenital heart disease: postoperative course and outcome Variable morbidity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with underlying lung disease: a review of the PICNIC RSV database. Routine isolation procedure vs routine procedure supplemented by use of masks and goggles The use of eye-nose goggles to control nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection Rapid identifi cation of respiratory viruses: impact on isolation practices and transmission among immunocompromised pediatric patients Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: prevention and control in bone marrow transplant patients Respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants: quantitation and duration of shedding Quantitative shedding patterns of respiratory syncytial virus in infants Environmental and demographic risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease Casecontrol study of the risk factors linked to respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring hospitalization in premature infants born at a gestational age of 33-35 weeks in Spain The Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada study of predictors of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection for infants born at 33 through 35 completed weeks of gestation Respiratory syncytial virus in infants and children Differential gender response to respiratory infections and to the protective effect of breast milk in preterm infants Risk factors for respiratory syncytial virusassociated lower respiratory illnesses in the fi rst year of life Epidemiologic patterns of acute lower respiratory disease of children in a pediatric group practice Epidemiology of acute lower respiratory disease in children Clinically useful method for the isolation of respiratory syncytial virus Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among American Indian and Alaska Native children Modes of transmission of respiratory syncytial virus Possible transmission by fomites of respiratory syncytial virus Infectivity of respiratory syncytial virus by various routes of inoculation An outbreak of febrile illness and pneumonia associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus load predicts disease severity in previously healthy infants Illness severity, viral shedding, and antibody responses in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus Latency and persistence of respiratory syncytial virus despite T cell immunity Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human mononuclear leukocytes in vitro and in vivo Respiratory syncytial virus RNA in cells from the peripheral blood during acute infection Speculation on pathogenesis in death from respiratory syncytial virus infection Demonstration of respiratory syncytial virus in an autopsy series Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human airway epithelial cells is polarized, specifi c to ciliated cells, and without obvious cytopathology Pathological changes in virus infections of the lower respiratory tract in children Age as a factor in the distribution of lower-airway conductance and in the pathologic anatomy of obstructive lung disease Seasonality of invasive pneumococcal disease: temporal relation to documented infl uenza and respiratory syncytial viral circulation Vaccine keywords: acute; adults; antibodies; cells; children; detection; disease; human; infants; infection; infl; metapneumovirus; metapneumovirus infection; mpv; patients; protein; respiratory; risk; rsv; studies; study; syncytial; tract; vaccine; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; years cache: cord-017364-d9zmdm23.txt plain text: cord-017364-d9zmdm23.txt item: #51 of 288 id: cord-017527-ylng1us2 author: Herman, Philippe title: Biosafety Recommendations on the Handling of Animal Cell Cultures date: 2014-11-05 words: 10241 flesch: 28 summary: Cell cultures known to harbour an infectious etiologic agent should be manipulated in compliance with containment measures recommended for the etiologic agent itself. The manipulation of cell cultures from human or primate origin necessitates the use of a type II biosafety cabinet. keywords: animal; assessment; biosafety; cell; cell cultures; cell lines; containment; contamination; et al; health; human; laboratory; lines; organisms; risk; risk assessment; use; virus; viruses cache: cord-017527-ylng1us2.txt plain text: cord-017527-ylng1us2.txt item: #52 of 288 id: cord-017537-ztdz4a2s author: Bologna, Mauro title: Biological Agents and Bioterrorism date: 2014-09-18 words: 3325 flesch: 47 summary: On this widely interesting theme for the world diffusion of new virus strains with pandemic potential, I wrote in 2010 together with the colleague virologist Aldo Lepidi a book entitled Pandemics -virology, pathology and prevention of infl uenza (Bollati Boringhieri publisher, Turin, Italy , 2010) [ 10 ] . Spores germinate and multiply in favourable conditions (wet skin, tissue, blood) and can give human disease by contact (papules, black eschars, contagious also via fomites) ingestion (raw meat > fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), and inhalation (fl u-like illness, respiratory distress, cyanosis, shock, coma). keywords: disease; host; human; infection; smallpox; species; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-017537-ztdz4a2s.txt plain text: cord-017537-ztdz4a2s.txt item: #53 of 288 id: cord-017675-in9r33ww author: None title: The Way Forward: Prevention, Treatment and Human Rights date: 2008 words: 18425 flesch: 48 summary: HIV treatment and prevention should be integrated, in HIV prevention strategies fall into four general categories: (1) prevention of sexual transmission; (2) prevention of blood-borne transmission: (3) prevention of mother-to-child transmission; and (4) social strategies. In Ghana cases fell by an eighth and Based on these results, the WHO believes that a 5-year campaign that distributes well for HIV prevention. keywords: access; aids; care; chap; countries; court; discrimination; drug; groups; health; hiv; hiv prevention; hiv transmission; human; international; laws; new; people; prevention; programs; public; rights; risk; sex; states; transmission; treatment; united; use cache: cord-017675-in9r33ww.txt plain text: cord-017675-in9r33ww.txt item: #54 of 288 id: cord-017686-127xfkse author: Bindenagel Šehović, Annamarie title: Human Rights and State Responsibilities date: 2018-01-14 words: 5341 flesch: 38 summary: Despite the increasingly international discourse on human security rights, their legal home remains with the national State vis-à-vis its citizens. Thus despite the increasingly international discourse on human security rights, their legal home remains with the national State vis-à-vis its citizens. keywords: citizens; health; human; international; nsas; responsibility; rights; security; sovereignty; state; world cache: cord-017686-127xfkse.txt plain text: cord-017686-127xfkse.txt item: #55 of 288 id: cord-017752-ofzm3x3a author: None title: Theories of Carcinogenesis date: 2007 words: 12300 flesch: 42 summary: According to Virchow's dictum omnis cellula e cellule cells of diseased tissues are derived from normal tissues, implying that malfunction begets disease (significantly, Virchow had been a student of Müller's, who had demonstrated in 1838 that cancer is made up of cells, not lymph; but he was of the opinion that cancer cells arose from interstitial budding elements, blastema, not from normal cells). As one possible underlying reason, the biochemist Otto von Warburg [von Warburg 1930] had suggested that the oxidative metabolism in cancer cells is replaced by glycolysis and that the excessive proliferation of cancer cells reflects their ability to metabolize independently of oxygen. keywords: analysis; breast; cancer; cancer cells; carcinogenesis; carcinoma; cause; cells; chemical; development; dna; et al; expression; gene; growth; human; leukemia; metastasis; mutations; number; progression; proteins; radiation; research; risk; sarcoma; system; theory; tissue; transformation; tumor; tumor cells; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-017752-ofzm3x3a.txt plain text: cord-017752-ofzm3x3a.txt item: #56 of 288 id: cord-018017-c8myq6bi author: Iversen, Patrick L. title: The Threat from Viruses date: 2018-09-30 words: 11576 flesch: 47 summary: Antisense oligonucleotide-based therapy for HIV-1 infection from laboratory to clinical trials Oligodeoxynucleotide phosphoramidates and phosphorothioates as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus A tribute to Sheik Humarr Khan and all the healthcare workers in West Africa who have sacrificed in the fight against Ebola virus disease: mae we hush Inhibition of Norovirus replication by Morpholino oligomers targeting the 5'-end of the genome Marine viruses: truth or dare Cancer virus Oseltamivir-resistant 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in two summer campers receiving prophylaxis-North Carolina Approved antiviral drugs of the past 50 years The Eradicatio of smallpox: Edward Jenner and the first and only eradication of a human infectious disease Oseltamivir resistance during treatment of influenza A (H5N1) infection In vitro resistance and in vivo efficacy of antisense oligomer against West Nile virus Outbreak of antiviral drug-resistant influenza A in long-term care facility The perpetual challenge of infectious disease Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma Morpholino oligomers targeting the PB1 and NP genes enhance survival of mice infected with highly pathogenic influenza A H7N7 virus Inhibition of multiple subtypes of influenza a virus in cell cultures with morpholino oligomers Safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers with activity against Ebola virus and Marburg virus: results of two single ascending dose studies Cytomegalovirus infection and atherosclerosis in candidate of coronary artery bypass graft Inhibition of dengue virus translation and RNA synthesis by a morpholino oligomer targeted to the terminal 3′ stem-loop structure Pharmacokinetics of an antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide against rev from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the adult male rat following single injections and continuous infusion Phase 2a study of the CCR5 monoclonal antibody PRO 140 administered intravenously to HIV-infected adults Anti-HIV-1 activity of weekly or biweekly treatment with subcutaneous PRO 140, a CCR5 monoclonal antibody Oseltamivir for influenza in adults and children: systemic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments Passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases Viral diversity and clonal evolution from unphased genomic data Ecology of viruses in soils: past, present and future perspectives Inhibition of dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 in cell culture with Morpholino oligomers Inhibition of respiratory Syncitial virus infections in cell cultures and in mice with morpholino oligomers Dissemination, divergence and establishment of H7N9 influenza viruses in China Health impact of globalization: towards global governance Inhibition of influenza A H3N8 virus infections in mice by morpholino oligomers Isolation and characterization of a new Vesivirus from rabbits Phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxyribonucleotides: inhibitors of replication and cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus Endogenous retroviruses: with us and against us The value of neuraminidase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza: a systematic review of systematic reviews Antisense morpholino oligomers directed against the 5'-end of the genome inhibit coronavirus proliferation and growth Inhibition, escape and attenuation of SARS coronavirus treated with antisense morpholino oligomers Inactivating mutations in an SH2 domain-encoding gene in X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome Inhibition of alphavirus infection in cell culture and in mice with antisense morpholino oliogmers Immunological disorders and malignancies in five young brothers Spillover animal infections and the next human pandemic Deposition rates of viruses and bacteria above the atmospheric boundary layer A prospective monitoring study of cytomegalovirus infection in nonimmunosuppressed critical heart surgery patients Inhibition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus by oligonucleotide methylphosphonates Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus infection in FVB mouse produces hemorrhagic disease Ancient Athenian plague proves to be typhoid Inhibition of Measles virus infection in cell cultures by peptide-conjugated Morpholino oligomers Vesivirus viremia and Seroprevalence in humans Virus specific antiviral therapy for controlling severe and fatal outbreaks of feline Calicivirus infection Chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine generates acute and durable protective immunity against ebolavirus challenge Inhibition of Vesivirus infetions in mammalian tissue culture with antisense morpholino oligomers Inhibition of Rous sarcoma viral RNA translation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibition of multiple species of picornavirus using a morpholino oligomer targeting highly conserved IRES sequence Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in male hepatiis B surface antigen carriers with chronic hepatitis who have detectable aflatoxin metabolite M1 Viruses in the sea Chemical modifications to phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomer antisense molecules targeting VP24 modify their efficacy against Ebola virus infection Use of ChAd3-EBO-Z Ebola virus vaccine in Malian adults with MVA-BN-Filo: a phase I, single-blind, randomized trial, a phase 1b, open label and double blind, doseescallation trial, and a nested, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Inhibition of foot-and-mouth disease virus in cell cultures with antisense morpholino oligomers Antiviral activity of morpholino oligomers designed to block various aspects of Equine arteritis virus amplification in cell culture PCR for detection of oseltamivir resistance mutation in influenza A(H7N9) virus IgG antibodies to dengue enhanced for FcγRIIIA binding determine disease severity Gene-specific countermeasures against Ebola virus based on antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers Advanced antisense therapies for postexposure protection against lethal filovirus infections Single component AVI-7537 antisense compound provides greater protection than double component AVI-6002 against Lethal Ebola virus infection in Rhesus Monkeys Isolation of an arenavirus closely related to Lassa virus from Mastomys natalensis in south-east Inhibition of coxsackievirus b3 in cell cultures and in mice by Peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers targeting the internal ribosomal entry site Inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus replication and transformation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities in biopsies and lymphoid-cell lines from patients with Burkitt and non-Burkitt lymphomas Effect of early and late GB virus C viremia on survival of HIV-infected individuals: a meta-analysis Suppression of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by morpholino antisense oligomers West Nile virus genome cyclization and RNA replication require two pairs of long-distance RNA interactions The focus has been on viral infections because they rely on host ribosomes to produce their proteins, recent emerging infections have been from single-stranded RNA genome viruses, and replication of RNA viruses is error prone. keywords: antisense; antiviral; cell; disease; dna; ebv; et al; genome; hiv; host; human; infected; infections; influenza; inhibition; life; lymphoma; morpholino; oligomers; outbreak; percent; population; rna; studies; table; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-018017-c8myq6bi.txt plain text: cord-018017-c8myq6bi.txt item: #57 of 288 id: cord-018151-5su98uan author: Lynteris, Christos title: Introduction: Infectious Animals and Epidemic Blame date: 2019-10-12 words: 8568 flesch: 31 summary: Providing original studies of rats, mosquitoes, marmots, dogs and 'bushmeat', which at different points in the history of modern medicine and public health have come to embody social and scientific concerns about infection, this volume aims to elucidate the impact of framing non-human animals as epidemic villains. Underlining the ethical, aesthetic, epistemological and political entanglement of non-human animals with shifting medical perspectives and agendas, ranging from tropical medicine to Global Health, the chapters in this volume come to remind us that, in spite of the rhetoric of One Health and academic evocations of multispecies intimacies, the image and social life of non-human animals as epidemic villains is a constitutive part of modern epidemiology and public health as apparatuses of state and capitalist management. keywords: animals; century; disease; dogs; epidemic; hand; health; human; modern; pandemic; plague; public; rat; rats; spreaders; time; vermin; villains; volume cache: cord-018151-5su98uan.txt plain text: cord-018151-5su98uan.txt item: #58 of 288 id: cord-018354-o6pmuhd8 author: Mine, Yoichi title: Human Security in East Asia: Assembling a Puzzle date: 2018-12-07 words: 7429 flesch: 41 summary: Human security is being formed as a norm-complex in which different existing norms are combined and nested under the umbrella of human security (Kurusu 2005) . The notion of human security is distinct from the responsibility to protect and its implementation, and (e) Human security does not entail the threat or the use of force or coercive measures and does not replace State security. keywords: asia; chap; concept; development; dignity; east; empowerment; human; international; norm; people; security; state cache: cord-018354-o6pmuhd8.txt plain text: cord-018354-o6pmuhd8.txt item: #59 of 288 id: cord-018437-yjvwa1ot author: Mitchell, Michael title: Taxonomy date: 2013-08-26 words: 9285 flesch: 42 summary: Structure-function relations The DNA sequence of human herpesvirus-6: structure, coding content, and genome evolution Processing of genome 5′ termini as a strategy of negative-strand RNA viruses to avoid RIG-Idependent interferon induction Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfl uenza virus Infl uenza virus, Chap 42 Global and regional distribution of HIV-1 genetic subtypes and recombinants in Parainfl uenza viruses Gene mapping of the putative structural region of the hepatitis C virus genome by in vitro processing analysis Evolutionary history and phylogeography of human viruses What does virus evolution tell us about virus origins? Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of human parvovirus B19 isolated from the serum of a child during aplastic crisis CXCR4 as a functional coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of primary macrophages The genome length of human parainfl uenza virus type 2 follows the rule of six, and recombinant viruses recovered from non-poly-hexameric-length antigenomic cDNAs contain a biased distribution of correcting mutations Respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural proteins decrease levels of multiple members of the cellular interferon pathways Infl uenza virus evolution, host adaptation, and pandemic formation Mechanisms and enzymes involved in SARS coronavirus genome expression keywords: classifi; dna; envelope; family; genes; genome; host; human; proteins; reading; rna; sequence; species; type; uenza; viral; virions; virus; viruses cache: cord-018437-yjvwa1ot.txt plain text: cord-018437-yjvwa1ot.txt item: #60 of 288 id: cord-018613-83r6lhpo author: Norman, Robert A. title: The Last Natural Brain date: 2017-03-21 words: 5475 flesch: 59 summary: This book was Lewis' foray into Transhumanism -Transhumanists speculate freely about becoming immortal by uploading their consciousness into computer brains with robotic bodies, something that is now becoming closer and closer to scientific reality. In an essay titled, 'Build-a-Brain' he describes how human brains perceive objects. keywords: book; brain; chess; computer; consciousness; human; intelligence; memory; new; singularity; university; world; worm cache: cord-018613-83r6lhpo.txt plain text: cord-018613-83r6lhpo.txt item: #61 of 288 id: cord-018639-0g1ov96t author: Kurpiers, Laura A. title: Bushmeat and Emerging Infectious Diseases: Lessons from Africa date: 2015-09-21 words: 14565 flesch: 35 summary: Humans have hunted wild animals for consumption and to protect their crops for millennia (Shipman et al. 1981 ; Grubb et al. 1998 ; Davies et al. 2007 ) , and it remains an important source of food and income security among rural communities today (de Merode et al. 2004 ; Brashares et al. 2011 ) . amplifi er hosts from which spillovers to humans have been documented (Childs et al. 2007 ; Daszak et al. 2007 ) . keywords: activities; africa; animals; bat; bats; bushmeat; central; consumption; disease; ebola; et al; evidence; health; host; human; hunters; hunting; infection; pathogens; primates; risk; rural; simian; species; spillover; transmission; virus; viruses; wild; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-018639-0g1ov96t.txt plain text: cord-018639-0g1ov96t.txt item: #62 of 288 id: cord-018834-4ligp4ak author: Farag, Ehab title: The Perioperative Use of Albumin date: 2016-06-23 words: 7564 flesch: 37 summary: The use of human albumin in critically ill and septic patients has been through much controversy in the last two decades. Rats received 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and were treated with human albumin or saline after 30 min of recirculation. keywords: acid; albumin; analysis; antioxidant; binding; blood; glycation; group; hsa; human; meta; mortality; patients; plasma; protein; sepsis; serum; use cache: cord-018834-4ligp4ak.txt plain text: cord-018834-4ligp4ak.txt item: #63 of 288 id: cord-019040-lj1r8ptb author: Xiao, Ren title: Human Security in Practice: The Chinese Experience date: 2018-12-07 words: 7568 flesch: 49 summary: This chapter has addressed the three research questions the research project raised by elaborating on how the idea of human security is understood or defined by the government and social actors, the ways in which the distinctions between the protection and empowerment aspects of human security are understood and accepted, and what downside risks are perceived as pressing human security issues in China. This chapter elaborates on how the idea of human security is defined and understood by the government and various actors in China. keywords: china; chinese; development; food; government; human; national; people; safety; security; social; society; state; value cache: cord-019040-lj1r8ptb.txt plain text: cord-019040-lj1r8ptb.txt item: #64 of 288 id: cord-020756-d9f5fd7x author: de Jong, Menno Douwe title: Avian Influenza Viruses and Pandemic Influenza date: 2007 words: 15084 flesch: 31 summary: A viruses differ from human viruses by recognition of sialyloligosaccharides and gangliosides and by a higher conservation of the HA receptor-binding site The surface glycoproteins of H5 influenza viruses isolated from humans, chickens, and wild aquatic birds have distinguishable properties H9N2 influenza A viruses from poultry in Asia have human virus-like receptor specificity Human and avian influenza viruses target different cell types in cultures of human airway epithelium Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenza Clinical signs and symptoms predicting influenza infection Encephalitis and encephalopathy associated with an influenza epidemic in Japan Case-control study of risk factors for avian influenza A (H5N1) disease, Hong Kong Mutations in the hemagglutinin receptorbinding site can change the biological properties of an influenza virus Recent human influenza A (H1N1) viruses are closely related genetically to strains isolated in 1950 Human influenza virus hemagglutinin with high sensitivity to proteolytic activation Avian influenza and sialic acid receptors: more than meets the eye? Nonhomologous recombination between the hemagglutinin gene and the nucleoprotein gene of an influenza virus Influenza A pandemics of the 20th century with special reference to 1918: virology, pathology and epidemiology Virus-neutralizing antibodies of immunoglobulin G (IgG) but not of IgM or IgA isotypes can cure influenza virus pneumonia in SCID mice Functional anatomy of human lacrimal duct epithelium Human infection with influenza H9N2 Cocirculation of avian H9N2 and contemporary human H3N2 influenza A viruses in pigs in southeastern China: potential for genetic reassortment? Re-emergence of fatal human influenza A subtype H5N1 disease Molecular characterization of the complete genome of human influenza H5N1 virus isolates from Thailand Origin and evolution of the 1918 Spanish influenza virus hemagglutinin gene Evidence of an absence: the genetic origins of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus Pathogenesis of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in a primate model Receptor determinants of human and animal influenza virus isolates: differences in receptor specificity of the H3 hemagglutinin based on species of origin Single amino acid substitutions in influenza haemagglutinin change receptor binding specificity Receptor binding properties of human and animal H1 influenza virus isolates Detection of antibody to avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in human serum by using a combination of serologic assays The polymerase complex genes contribute to the high virulence of the human H5NI influenza virus isolate A/Vietnam/1203/04 Host range recombinants of fowl plague (influenza A) virus Genetic relatedness between the new 1977 epidemic strains (H1N1) of influenza and human influenza strains isolated between 1947 and 1957 (H1N1) This is also suggested by the establishment of multiple geographically distinct sublineages of H5N1 influenza viruses in Asia . keywords: acid; avian; birds; cases; et al; gene; h5n1; h5n1 influenza; h5n1 viruses; hong; host; human; infection; influenza; influenza viruses; kong; outbreak; pandemic; pathogenic; poultry; strains; transmission; viruses cache: cord-020756-d9f5fd7x.txt plain text: cord-020756-d9f5fd7x.txt item: #65 of 288 id: cord-020764-5tq9cr7o author: Vertrees, Roger A. title: Tissue Culture Models date: 2010-05-21 words: 11305 flesch: 33 summary: Currently, many terms are used that can be encompassed by the term: organ culture, cell culture, primary explants, and ex vivo propagation all deal with the in vitro cultivation of cells or tissues. Cell culture in general can be applied either to primary cells (e.g., those with a fi nite life span) or to cell lines (e.g., HeLa cells). keywords: airway; cancer; cell; cell culture; culture; differentiation; disease; growth; human; investigators; lines; lung; matrix; models; research; smooth; tissue; tissue culture; tumor; type; vitro; vivo; wall cache: cord-020764-5tq9cr7o.txt plain text: cord-020764-5tq9cr7o.txt item: #66 of 288 id: cord-021113-e4ya7llm author: Elliott, David title: Divine omniscience, privacy, and the state date: 2017-02-02 words: 11119 flesch: 56 summary: In what follows, we will contend that the Abrahamic conception of God does indeed imply the infringement of human privacy, but this, nevertheless, is not a serious moral problem facing traditional Christian, Jewish or Islamic theologies. We shall begin our discussion by developing further the problem of human privacy posed by traditional Jewish, Islamic, and Christian conceptions of God. keywords: autonomy; case; god; human; observation; person; privacy; state; way cache: cord-021113-e4ya7llm.txt plain text: cord-021113-e4ya7llm.txt item: #67 of 288 id: cord-021375-lca26xum author: Voelkner, Nadine title: Riding the Shi: From Infection Barriers to the Microbial City date: 2019-08-23 words: 9600 flesch: 42 summary: The article began by looking at the antimicrobial politics in Chinese postcolonial Hong Kong since the turn of the century. Culturally, Baehr found the mask culture, which arose during this time, a sign of an emerging social solidarity among Hong Kong people in which they paid tribute to a common good by meeting one's duty not to endanger the wider Hong Kong community. keywords: chinese; city; disease; health; hong; hong kong; human; hygiene; infection; kong; life; macphail; microbes; sars; urban; viruses cache: cord-021375-lca26xum.txt plain text: cord-021375-lca26xum.txt item: #68 of 288 id: cord-021552-6jbm869r author: HURST, CHRISTON J. title: Relationship Between Humans and Their Viruses date: 2007-05-09 words: 7829 flesch: 40 summary: Evasion of host defenses ~ uncertain, but may include avoiding host immune defenses by infecting immune cells. Evasion of host defenses ~ avoids host immune defenses by infecting immune cells. keywords: contact; course; genus; host; humans; infection; level; organ; tissue; tropisms; viruses cache: cord-021552-6jbm869r.txt plain text: cord-021552-6jbm869r.txt item: #69 of 288 id: cord-021770-zn7na974 author: Slifka, Mark K. title: Passive Immunization date: 2017-07-17 words: 12151 flesch: 13 summary: Euro Surveill Emergence of new forms of totally drug-resistant tuberculosis bacilli: super extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis or totally drug-resistant strains in iran Serum therapy for tuberculosis revisited: reappraisal of the role of antibody-mediated immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis The treatment of tuberculosis by injections of immunized blood serum The antitoxic and bactericidal properties of the serum of horses treated with Koch's new tuberculin A further report on the use of anti-phthisic serum T.R. (Fisch) in tuberculosis Malignant lymphomas in transplantation patients Effect of cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with immunoglobulin or with antiviral drugs on post-transplant non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a multicentre retrospective analysis Pharmacokinetics of viral antibodies after administration of intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or multiple myeloma Passive immunization with the anti-HIV-1 human monoclonal antibody (hMAb) 4E10 and the hMAb combination 4E10/2F5/2G12 Delay of HIV-1 rebound after cessation of antiretroviral therapy through passive transfer of human neutralizing antibodies Adjunctive passive immunotherapy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals treated with antiviral therapy during acute and early infection Antibodies in HIV-1 vaccine development and therapy Structural insights on the role of antibodies in HIV-1 vaccine and therapy Viraemia suppressed in HIV-1-infected humans by broadly neutralizing antibody 3BNC117 Therapeutic efficacy of potent neutralizing HIV-1-specific monoclonal antibodies in SHIV-infected rhesus monkeys Phylogeographical analysis of the dominant multidrug-resistant H58 clade of Salmonella Typhi identifies inter-and intracontinental transmission events Recurrent challenges for clinicians: emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistance, and current treatment options Current and future treatment options for infections caused by multidrugresistant gram-negative pathogens A novel investigational Fc-modified humanized monoclonal antibody, motavizumab-YTE, has an extended half-life in healthy adults Monoclonal antibody therapies against anthrax Raxibacumab for the treatment of inhalational anthrax The serum treatment of anthrax septicaemia The local and general serum treatment of cutaneous anthrax Protection against botulinum toxins provided by passive immunization with botulinum human immune globulin: evaluation using an inhalation model Botulinum neurotoxin neutralizing activity of immune globulin (IG) purified from clinical volunteers vaccinated with recombinant botulinum vaccine (rBV A/B) Antibody protection against botulinum neurotoxin intoxication in mice Equine antitoxin use and other factors that predict outcome in type A foodborne botulism Human botulism immune globulin for the treatment of infant botulism Early antitoxin treatment in wound botulism results in better outcome Infant botulism: a 30-year experience spanning the introduction of botulism immune globulin intravenous in the intensive care unit at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Identification of a human monoclonal antibody to replace equine diphtheria antitoxin for treatment of diphtheria intoxication The therapeutic effect of homologous and heterologous antitoxins in experimental diphtheria and tetanus Importance of intravenous injection of diphtheria antiserum The recent epidemic of diphtheria in the Johns Hopkins hospital and medical school: General procedures adopted Use of diphtheria antitoxin in the treatment and prevention of diphtheria Diphtheritic polyneuropathy: a clinical study and comparison with Guillain-Barre syndrome Mice are actively immunized after passive monoclonal antibody prophylaxis and ricin toxin challenge Conformation-dependent highaffinity potent ricin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies Characteristics of toxin-neutralization by anti-tetanus human monoclonal antibodies directed against the three functional domains Although neutralization escape mutants are a valid concern when using monoclonal antibody therapy, 38,39 this has not yet been a major problem during clinical use of palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). keywords: antibodies; antibody; clinical; days; disease; human; immune; immunity; immunization; immunoglobulin; immunotherapy; infection; mice; monoclonal; monoclonal antibodies; passive; patients; protection; serum; specific; study; therapy; treatment; use; vaccine; virus cache: cord-021770-zn7na974.txt plain text: cord-021770-zn7na974.txt item: #70 of 288 id: cord-022226-qxp0gfp3 author: Meager, Anthony title: Interferons Alpha, Beta, and Omega date: 2007-09-02 words: 16407 flesch: 30 summary: This extensive family of IFNA genes are tandemly arranged on the short-arm of chromosome 9 (9p23) and span a region of approximately 400 kb (Owerbach et al., 1981; Shows et al., 1982; Slate et al., 1982; Ullrich et al., 1982) . virally-induced normal fibroblasts and other tissue cell types, e.g., epithelial cells (Meager et al., 1979; Stewart, 1979) keywords: activity; amino; binding; cells; chromosome; et al; expression; factor; gene; human; ifn; ifn-[3; ifna; ifnb; ifns; inducible; induction; interferon; kinase; leukocyte; maeyer; mouse; protein; receptor; recombinant; sequence; structure; subtypes; transcription; treatment; virus cache: cord-022226-qxp0gfp3.txt plain text: cord-022226-qxp0gfp3.txt item: #71 of 288 id: cord-022381-x15ki4xv author: Goldblum, Randall M. title: Immunological Components of Milk: Formation and Function date: 2012-12-02 words: 5894 flesch: 41 summary: Serological properties of TJA antibodies to Escherichia coli present in human colostrum Inhibition of attachment of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae by human milk and receptor oligosaccharides A bactericidal effect for human milk lactoferrin In vitro studies of morphology and functions Isolation of interleukin-1 from human milk Bacteriostasis of a milk-sensitive strain of Escherichia coli by immunoglobulins and iron-binding proteins in association The inactivation of the virus of epidemic influenza by soaps Vitamin E, immunity and disease resistance Human Lactation 3: The Effects of Human Milk on the Recipient Infant Decreased response of human milk leukocytes to chemoattractant peptides Inactivation of enveloped viruses and killing of cells by fatty acids and monoglycerides Oxygen metabolism of human colostral macrophages The relative paucity of IgE in human milk Hormonal induction of the secretory immune system in the mammary gland Effect of antiviral lipids, heat, and freezing on the activity of viruses in human milk Activated-memory T lymphocytes in human milk Gravidin, an endogenous inhibitor of phospholipase A2 activity, is a secretory component of Ig A Secretory IgA carries oligosaccharide receptors for Escherichia coli type 1 fimbrial lectin keywords: breast; cells; et al; factors; fed; function; gland; human; infant; lactation; lactoferrin; milk cache: cord-022381-x15ki4xv.txt plain text: cord-022381-x15ki4xv.txt item: #72 of 288 id: cord-022393-s26d54ew author: E. Newcomer, Christian title: Zoonoses and Other Human Health Hazards date: 2007-09-02 words: 17048 flesch: 33 summary: The biomedical literature contains numerous reports of zoonotic diseases and parasitic infestations from laboratory mice and their wild counterparts. Wild caught mice that are maintained in naturalistic housing environments in the laboratory, laboratory mice that have contact with wild or feral mice, and mice kept as pets in the home environment are examples of animal management conditions that would be conducive to the expression and transmission of zoonotic diseases and other mouse-associated hazards. keywords: allergen; allergy; animal; bite; cases; choriomeningitis; colonies; disease; et al; exposure; fever; health; host; humans; individuals; infection; laboratory; laboratory animal; laboratory mice; lcmv; mice; mite; moniliformis; mouse; patients; personnel; research; risk; rodents; salmonella; species; studies; symptoms; transmission; virus; wild cache: cord-022393-s26d54ew.txt plain text: cord-022393-s26d54ew.txt item: #73 of 288 id: cord-022544-7jn4ns6x author: Lawrence, Robert M. title: Host-Resistance Factors and Immunologic Significance of Human Milk date: 2010-12-27 words: 22277 flesch: 39 summary: Differential regulation of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, a tissue-selective homing receptor for skin-homing T cells Modulation of the immune system by human milk and infant formula containing nucleotides Human milk humoral immunity and infant defense mechanisms Breast-feeding and urinary tract infection The milk mononuclear phagocyte Tight junctions in epithelial cells of human fetal hindgut, normal colon, and colon adenocarcinoma Breast-feeding and diarrheal morbidity Do infants need nucleotide supplemented formula for optimal nutrition? Effects of microwave radiation on anti-infective factors in human Milk Breastfeeding and hospitilization for diarrheal and respiratory infection in the United Kingdom Millenium Cohort Study Breast-feeding and infant illness: A dose-response relationship? Innate recognition of intracellular pathogens: Detection and activation of the first line of defense Antimicrobial factors in human milk Current concepts of infections of the fetus and newborn infant Lymphocyte subsets in colostrum Breast-feeding and maternal smoking in the etiology of Crohn' s disease and ulcerative colitis in childhood Lactoferrin acts as an alarmin to promote the recruitment and activation of APCs and antigen-specific immune responses Interleukin-6 in human milk Cholera-like enterotoxin produced by Campylobacter jejuni Breastmilkderived antigen-specific CD 8+ T cells: An extralymphoid effector memory cell population in humans Maternal antibodies in breast milk protect the child from enterovirus infections MUC1 In human milk blocks transmission of human immunodeficiency virus from dendritic cells to T cells Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in human milk Paneth cells, defensins, and the commensal microbiota: a hypothesis on intimate interplay at the intestinal mucosa Biological role of lactoferrin Prolonged exclusive breast-feeding results in low serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G, A and M A longitudinal analysis of infant morbidity and the extent of breastfeeding in the United States Ribonucleotides: conditionally essential nutrients shown to enhance immune function and reduce diarrheal disease in infants Randomized trial of donor human milk vs. preterm formula as substitutes for mothers' own milk in the feeding of extremely premature infants Evidence for transmission of lymphocyte responses to tuberculin by breast-feeding Inhibition of adhesion of S-fimbriated Escherichia coli to buccal epithelial cells by human milk fat globule membrane components: A novel aspect of the protective function of mucins in the nonimmunoglobulin fraction Control of isotype switching by T cells and cytokines Continuous culture selection of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli from human faecal samples using fructooligosacchirade as selective substrate Functional analysis of neutrophil granulocytes from healthy, infected, and stressed neonates Complement system in healthy term newborns: reference values in umbilical cord blood Lactoferrin, a major defense protein of innate immunity, is a novel maturation factor for human dendritic cells Delineation of the functional capacity of human neonatal lymphocytes Cytokines in human milk Diversity of the human gastrointestinal tract microbiota revisited Secretory IgA against enterotoxins in breast-milk Immunoglobulin secretion by the normal and the infected newborn infant Activation and activity of the superoxide-generating system of neutrophils from human infants Reciprocal IFN-gamma and TGF-beta responses regulate the occurrence of mucosal inflammation Interleukin-18 in human milk Antibodies in milk Decreased response of human milk leukocytes to chemoattractant peptides Antimicrobial peptides of lactoferrin Determination of total potentially available nucleosides in human milk from Asian women Human milk-derived B cells: A highly activated switched memory cell population primed to secrete antibodies Dietary nucleotides, a requirement for helper/inducer T lymphocytes CD14: A soluble pattern recognition receptor in milk Infant feeding in Finnish children less than 7 yr of age with newly diagnosed IDDM. A recent review on human breast milk documents the evidence for protection against infectious diseases from breastfeeding for resource-rich and resourcepoor countries. keywords: activity; antibodies; bacteria; breast milk; breastfed; breastfeeding; cells; colostrum; cytokines; development; effect; factors; formula; gland; growth; human; iga; immune; infants; lactation; lactoferrin; levels; lymphocytes; milk; months; mucosal; nucleotides; protection; response; siga; system; t cells; tract cache: cord-022544-7jn4ns6x.txt plain text: cord-022544-7jn4ns6x.txt item: #74 of 288 id: cord-022889-lv6fy6e6 author: Dávalos, Alberto title: Literature review of baseline information on non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) to support the risk assessment of ncRNA‐based genetically modified plants for food and feed date: 2019-08-07 words: 96106 flesch: 44 summary: In a later observational study, Lukasik et al. evaluated plant miRNAs miR-166a, miR-156a, miR-157a, miR-172a and miR-168a and reported the presence of plant miRNAs in human (n=6) breast milk, both in whole milk and exosomes . This HEN1-dependent 2'-Omethylation on the 3' terminal ribose is a Mg2+ dependent methylation mechanism that will ultimately stabilize miRNAs (Abe et al., 2010; Molnar et al., 2007; Yu et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2006) .The keywords: activity; administration; animals; authors; barriers; biological; blood; bodies; breast; cells; cellular; conclusions; conditions; context; contract; degradation; delivery; dietary; document; dsrna; effects; efsa; et al; european food; exogenous; exosomes; expression; food safety; function; gene; human; immune; information; issues; juliano et; key; levels; literature; mammalian; mice; milk; molecules; mouse; mrna; naked; ncrnas; non; oligonucleotides; oral; output; pathway; plant mirnas; plant ncrna; plant rna; plants; plasma; position; prejudice; presence; present; principle; procedure; proteins; publication; review; rice; rights; rnai; role; safety authority; samples; search; section; serum; silencing; sirna; small; specific; srnas; stability; studies; study; subject; synthetic; system; target; task; tender; tender procedure; tissue; total; transparency; transparency principle; uptake; view; vivo; words; zhang et cache: cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt plain text: cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt item: #75 of 288 id: cord-022955-vy0qgtll author: None title: Proteases date: 2005-06-20 words: 36483 flesch: 40 summary: Specific molecular associations or shared scaffolds between the involved proteases and/or protein inhibitors and defined three-dimensional structures have also been reported. It was used affinity chromatography, electrophoresis, western-blotting, ELISA, determination of proteins activity. keywords: acid; activation; activities; activity; amino; analysis; binding; brain; calcium; cancer; catalytic; cells; cleavage; complex; control; degradation; domain; effect; enzyme; expression; factor; family; form; function; gcpii; gene; growth; human; hydrolysis; inhibition; inhibitors; levels; like; mail; mechanism; membrane; model; molecular; pathway; peptide; presence; present; protease; protease activity; protease inhibitors; protein; proteolysis; regulation; results; role; sequence; serine; serine protease; site; specificity; structure; studies; study; substrate; system; target; terminal; treatment; trypsin; type; ubiquitin; vitro; zymogen cache: cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt plain text: cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt item: #76 of 288 id: cord-023488-jf2xl3vl author: Le Duc, James W. title: Emerging Viral Diseases: Why We Need to Worry about Bats, Camels, and Airplanes date: 2016-02-12 words: 9387 flesch: 46 summary: Even though the era of modern virology has been well established for more than 65 years, virus diseases continue to appear or reemerge. Ebola virus disease in West Africa-The first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections Gene loss and adaptation to hominids underlie the ancient origin of HIV-1 Sharp PM AIDS as a zoonosis: scientific and public health implications Nef proteins of epidemic HIV-1 group O strains antagonize human tetherin Vif proteins from diverse primate lentiviral lineages use the same binding site in APOBEC3G The origins of AIDS Origins of HIV and the AIDS pandemic keywords: africa; agent; cases; disease; ebola; emergence; host; human; infections; influenza; new; outbreak; pandemic; population; species; spread; virus; viruses cache: cord-023488-jf2xl3vl.txt plain text: cord-023488-jf2xl3vl.txt item: #77 of 288 id: cord-023647-dlqs8ay9 author: None title: Sequences and topology date: 2003-03-21 words: 4522 flesch: 38 summary: A 32-kDa Llpo~ortin from Human Mononuclear Cells Appears to be Identical with the Placental Inhibitor of Blood Coagulation Distinct Fercedoxins from Rhodobacter-Capsulstus -Complete Amino Acid Sequences and Molecular Evolution N~ptide Sequence Analysis and Molecular Cloning Reveal Two Calcium Pump Isoforms in the Human Erythrocyte Membgane Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Member of the Cytochrome-P450 Subfamily IVA in Rat Prostate A Directiy Repeated Sequence in the ~-Globin Promoter Resulates Transcription in Murine Efythroleukemla Cells Isolation and Chamcterizatinn of the Alkane-Inducibie NADPH-Cytochrome-P-450 Olf, idoreductsse Gene from Candida-Tropicalls -Identification of Invarlant Residues Wlthin Slmilmr Amino Acid Sequences of Direr'sent Flavoproteins Protein Klnase-C Inhibitor Proteins -Purification from Sheep Brain and Sequence Similarity to Lipocortins and 14-3-3 MCI~ AVEmL~ B& Sequence Homology Between Purple Acid Phosphatases and Phusphoprotein Pho*phatsses --are Phesphoprotcin Phosphatatms Metalloproteins Collt~|nln~ Oil~-bridged Dinuclcar Metal Centers Negative Regulation of the Human ~-Globin Ca~ne by Transcriptional Interference: Role of an Mu Repetitive ~lement Amino Acid Sequence of Chicken Catisequestrin Deduced from C DNA -Comp~rison of Caisequestrin and Aspartactin Caisequestrin, an Intesccilular Calciumbinding Protein of Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplssmic Reticulm, Is HomoloKous to ~, a Putstive latminin-binding Protein of the Exteac¢llular Matr~ BOvSm~ ]Prote~ C Inhihl.gog with Structugll and Fun~ HotDoIO~OU~ ]~-.gtl~ to Hum~zn The 188 ltilm0omal RNA ~-quence of the S~t Anemone Anemom~s ssdcmta and Its Evolutionary INtuition Amomqg Other Eukaryotes Inferred b'om S~l,.m.~ Comlmrttmas of a Heat Shock G~ae in Two Nematorl~ The l~'/O Multtgene Family of Ok~hag of CDNA ~ for the ~ Omin of Human Complement Component ca~bi~una Protein, seqaenoe Homolo~ with thc a C~t~:~a~h Proc Natl Acad S¢t USA1990 Highly Conserved Core Domain and Unique N Terminus with Presumptive Regulatory Moti~ in a Hmman TATA Factor (l'lql~) keywords: acid; amino; amino acid; analysis; cell; conserved; dna; domain; evolution; factor; family; gene; homology; human; member; new; novel; protein; rna; sequence; similarity; structure; virus; yeast cache: cord-023647-dlqs8ay9.txt plain text: cord-023647-dlqs8ay9.txt item: #78 of 288 id: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d author: O’Ryan, Miguel L. title: Microorganisms Responsible for Neonatal Diarrhea date: 2009-05-19 words: 45719 flesch: 29 summary: Several studies have suggested that EAEC is also a common cause of infant diarrhea in industrialized c~u n t Rotavirus particles have not been found in human milk or c o l o~t r u m .~~~~~~~~ Exposure of a newborn to rotavirus can result in asymptomatic infection or cause mild or severe gastro-Outbreaks with high attack rates as measured by rotavirus excretion have been described but the extent of symptomatic infection Severe rotavirus infection is seldom reported during the newborn period1203 but the extent of underreporting of severe disease, especially in the less developed areas of the world, has not been evaluated. keywords: acute; antimicrobial; asymptomatic; c. jejuni; campylobacter; campylobacter coli; campylobacter enteritis; campylobacter infection; campylobacter jejuni; care; cases; cause; children; cholera; clinical; coli; cultures; days; detection; diarrhea; disease; e l; e n; e r; e ~; e. coli; enteric; epec; epidemic; escherichia coli; fecal; fetus; fever; gastroenteritis; hospital; human; illness; incidence; infants; infected; infection; jejuni; life; meningitis; milk; n t; neonatal; neonatal diarrhea; neonates; newborn; nursery; oral; organisms; outbreak; patients; risk; rotavirus diarrhea; rotavirus infection; salmonella; salmonella gastroenteritis; salmonella infection; shigella; shigellosis; specific; stool; strains; studies; study; t e; therapy; toxin; transmission; treatment; virulence cache: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d.txt plain text: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d.txt item: #79 of 288 id: cord-024088-020rgz5t author: Radandt, Siegfried title: Governance of Occupational Safety and Health and Environmental Risks date: 2008 words: 39342 flesch: 43 summary: Why should we include this topic in a book that is dominantly dealing with occupational health risks and safety issues? Actions implementing risk management decisions. keywords: action; analysis; conditions; consequences; criteria; decision; diseases; effects; environment; ethics; event; example; exposure; hazards; health; individual; information; level; life; making; measures; methods; nature; new; occupational; options; people; principles; probability; problems; process; processes; risk; risk analysis; risk assessment; risk management; safety; social; standards; stress; system; time; use; value; work; workers cache: cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt plain text: cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt item: #80 of 288 id: cord-025998-1qawjquv author: Lara, R.J. title: Aquatic Ecosystems, Human Health, and Ecohydrology date: 2012-03-23 words: 27057 flesch: 40 summary: Previously, the population in the basin generally lived away from the main watercourses because of the threat from water borne diseases. Main waterborne diseases, mostly affecting developing countries and relevant in terms of water management and changes in land use, such as malaria, schistosomiasis, or cholera, are discussed stressing links to the global water crisis. keywords: africa; areas; basin; brazil; cases; changes; cholera; climate; construction; control; countries; dam; disease; ecosystems; effects; endemic; environmental; et al; example; figure; habitat; health; human; incidence; increase; infection; irrigation; lake; malaria; management; mosquito; natural; new; parasite; people; population; regions; reservoir; river; schistosomiasis; snails; species; spread; systems; transmission; use; vector; vibrio; virus; water; water management; wetlands; world; years cache: cord-025998-1qawjquv.txt plain text: cord-025998-1qawjquv.txt item: #81 of 288 id: cord-027885-ua8miwes author: Das, Sujata title: Impact of Human Microbiome on Health date: 2020-03-10 words: 6593 flesch: 19 summary: The study, which is contemporarily popularised as study of 'human microbiome', is an outcome of the advancement in the field of genomics and other fields of microbiology, which has given the classical microbiology a new outlook and perspective. This chapter attempts to put an insight into the distribution and diversification of human microbiome, the behaviour of human microbiome on the human health and microbiome as a paradigm for the future nutritional and medicinal strategies for human benefits. keywords: bacteria; body; cells; disease; et al; gut; gut microbiota; health; host; human; immune; microbes; microbiome; role; studies; system cache: cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt plain text: cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt item: #82 of 288 id: cord-028721-x6f26ahr author: Nistal, Manuel title: Non-neoplastic diseases of the testis date: 2020-06-22 words: 78262 flesch: 36 summary: 1116 Other tumors reported in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (lymphoma, leukemia, bronchogenic carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, adrenal carcinoma, prostatic adenocarcinoma, testicular Leydig cell tumor, and epidermoid cyst) do not appear to have a higher incidence than in the general population. Sertoli cell-only syndrome with immature Sertoli cells Sertoli cells in adult testes with this variant of Sertoli cell-only syndrome have an immature prepubertal appearance with pseudostratifi cation. keywords: absence; adrenal; adult; age; albuginea; androgen; anomalies; atrophy; azoospermia; bilateral; cases; cause; cell hyperplasia; cell tumor; chromosome; ciency; cord; cryptorchidism; cystic; defi; development; diagnosis; disease; epididymis; epithelium; failure; fi ndings; fig; form; fsh; gene; germ cells; gonadal; hormone; human; hyperplasia; hypogonadism; incidence; infertility; klinefelter; levels; leydig cells; low; male; maturation; men; mutation; müllerian; normal; number; obstruction; orchitis; patients; present; puberty; receptor; report; rete testis; sertoli cells; serum; sex; spermatids; spermatogenesis; spermatogonia; spermatozoa; studies; study; syndrome; testes syndrome; testicular; testicular atrophy; testicular biopsy; testicular cancer; testicular descent; testicular dysgenesis; testicular function; testicular germ; testicular lesions; testicular microlithiasis; testicular parenchyma; testicular torsion; testicular tumor; testis; testis testicular; testosterone; tissue; treatment; tubular; tubules; tunica; type cache: cord-028721-x6f26ahr.txt plain text: cord-028721-x6f26ahr.txt item: #83 of 288 id: cord-029209-v2w0i2ex author: Gilder, Alexander title: International law and human security in a kaleidoscopic world date: 2020-07-15 words: 8873 flesch: 40 summary: 82 Other states agreed with, for example, Qatar arguing that by using a framework for human security states will be compelled to be proactive. key: cord-029209-v2w0i2ex authors: Gilder, Alexander title: International law and human security in a kaleidoscopic world date: 2020-07-15 journal: Indian Journal of International Law DOI: 10.1007/s40901-020-00109-w sha: doc_id: 29209 cord_uid: v2w0i2ex International law is being challenged by a multitude of new actors and networks that do not fit within the traditional Westphalian system. keywords: actors; concept; framework; human; individuals; law; peace; people; security; state; threats; world cache: cord-029209-v2w0i2ex.txt plain text: cord-029209-v2w0i2ex.txt item: #84 of 288 id: cord-029480-3md13om6 author: Meix-Cereceda, Pablo title: Educational Values in Human Rights Treaties: UN, European, and African International Law date: 2020-07-21 words: 10800 flesch: 46 summary: When discussing child education and values, other considerations seem to take precedence. Secondly, some critical contestations of international cultural human rights are outlined, as well as certain arguments to justify the importance of this model. keywords: achpr; african; case; charter; child; court; development; education; importance; law; para; respect; rights; rights education; values cache: cord-029480-3md13om6.txt plain text: cord-029480-3md13om6.txt item: #85 of 288 id: cord-030279-pv770doe author: Novossiolova, Tatyana title: Twenty-first Century Governance Challenges in the Life Sciences date: 2016-11-29 words: 15223 flesch: 33 summary: In the aftermath of 9/11 and the 'Anthrax letters' attack of October 2001, substantial effort has been given to harnessing life science research for the purposes of national security. 31 University-industry partnerships, while not a novel phenomenon in the area of biotechnology, have considerably intensified over the past several decades, thus facilitating the widespread commercialisation of life science research. keywords: biology; biotechnology; case; concerns; development; governance; government; health; human; industry; innovation; laboratory; life; life science; new; novel; potential; public; research; risk; science; science research; scientists; security; synthetic; systems; technologies; time; use; virus cache: cord-030279-pv770doe.txt plain text: cord-030279-pv770doe.txt item: #86 of 288 id: cord-030748-780dcjo1 author: Sahu, Sounak title: Translating embryogenesis to generate organoids: novel approaches to personalized medicine date: 2020-08-21 words: 10016 flesch: 22 summary: However, lung progenitors can also be induced by the addition of FGF10, FGF7, and a low concentration of BMP4 (Huang et al., 2014; Wong et al., 2012) or simultaneous stimulation of WNT and FGF along with high Hedgehog signaling (Dye et al., 2015) . Notably, the NKX2-1 progenitors give rise to basal, secretory cells leading to the formation of the airway and alveolar cells, characteristic of the human lung (Huang et al., 2014; Jacob et al., 2017; McCauley et al., 2017) but they mostly resemble a fetal lung, thereby raising the concern of organoid maturity in vitro. keywords: cancer; cells; crispr; development; differentiation; disease; embryonic; et al; generation; genome; human; lineage; model; organoids; pscs; self; signaling; stem; stem cells; structures; studies; vitro; vivo cache: cord-030748-780dcjo1.txt plain text: cord-030748-780dcjo1.txt item: #87 of 288 id: cord-031482-atltc10d author: Arkow, Phil title: Human–Animal Relationships and Social Work: Opportunities Beyond the Veterinary Environment date: 2020-09-05 words: 9864 flesch: 27 summary: There is, conversely, substantial evidence of animal abuse as a potential precursor and indicator of interpersonal violence often linked to child maltreatment, intimate partner violence and elder abuse (Arkow, 2015a) . She reported a highcrime neighborhood seemed to predict animal abuse, and that animal neglect correlated with demographic, cultural, and structural aspects of block groups, suggesting social disorganization may lead to animal neglect. keywords: abuse; animal; animal abuse; child; children; clients; community; family; human; pet; pets; relationships; risk; services; social; veterinary; violence; welfare; work; workers cache: cord-031482-atltc10d.txt plain text: cord-031482-atltc10d.txt item: #88 of 288 id: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5 author: None title: ISEV2020 Abstract Book date: 2020-07-15 words: 201435 flesch: 40 summary: Normal pancreas cells (hTERT-HPNE and HPDE-H6c7) were co-cultured with cancer cell EVs for 24-48 hours. Before EV isolation cells were kept for 24 h either under normoxia or hypoxia (1% oxygen). keywords: ability; activation; activity; ad evs; addition; aim; analysis; analysis methods; anti; approach; assay; associated; bacterial evs; biological; biomarkers; blood; blood cells; blood evs; blot; bone; brain; breast; breast cancer; cancer cells; cancer evs; cancer introduction; cancer patients; cd63; cd81; cd9; cell communication; cell culture; cell evs; cell exosomes; cell function; cell lines; cell proliferation; cell surface; cell types; cells; cells introduction; changes; characterization; chromatography; composition; concentration; conclusion; conditions; content; control; control evs; cultured; current; cytometry; data; delivery; density; detection; development; diagnosis; differential; disease; distribution; dna; drug; effect; electron; endothelial; enrichment; epithelial; ev analysis; ev cargo; ev evs; ev isolation; ev markers; ev numbers; ev preparations; ev production; ev protein; ev release; ev research; ev rna; ev samples; ev subpopulations; ev surface; ev treatment; ev uptake; evs; exclusion; exosomal; exosomes; experiments; expression; expression analysis; extracellular; factors; findings; flow; fluorescent; fluorescent evs; fold; formation; fractions; free; function; funding; gene; group; growth; host cells; human; human evs; imaging; immune; increase; inflammation; inflammatory; introduction; isolated; isolation methods; key; large; levels; lipid; lung; macrophages; mass; mechanisms; media; medium; membrane; membrane vesicles; mesenchymal; metastasis; methods; mice; microscopy; migration; milk evs; mirna; model; molecular; molecules; mouse; msc evs; mscs; nanoparticle; national; neuronal; neurons; new; non; normal; novel; nta; number; particles; pathway; patients; plasma evs; plasma samples; platelet; platform; play; positive; positive evs; post; potential; presence; present; primary; process; production; profile; profiling; progression; proliferation; properties; prostate; prostate cancer; protein; protein cargo; protein expression; protein markers; proteomic; purification; purity; range; recipient cells; research; resistance; response; results; rna; rnas; role; samples; sec; secretion; sequencing; serum; sevs; signalling; single; size; small evs; specific; specific evs; spectrometry; stem cells; stromal cells; studies; study; summary; surface; system; target cells; targets; tau; techniques; tested; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; total; total evs; tracking; transfer; transmission; treatment; tumour cells; ultracentrifugation; university; uptake; urinary evs; urine; usa; usa introduction; use; vesicles; vesicles introduction; vitro; vivo; work cache: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt plain text: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt item: #89 of 288 id: cord-035138-7v92aukg author: Tognoni, Gianni title: Health as a Human Right: A Fake News in a Post-human World? date: 2020-11-10 words: 5060 flesch: 41 summary: The iteration of strictly descriptive and repetitive data on the growing notavoidable levels of inequalities-inequities has paved the way to the planned disappearance even from the dictionaries of health rights disciplines (Abassi 2020) . Until the arrival of a biological agent, doomed to be under global knowledge's tight control, has successfully revealed the inherent ignorance and deep fragmentation defining the various branches of the most advanced disciplines of basic sciences: public health, epidemiology, health technologies. keywords: countries; covid-19; data; health; human; impact; life; pandemic; people; rights; world cache: cord-035138-7v92aukg.txt plain text: cord-035138-7v92aukg.txt item: #90 of 288 id: cord-103108-vmze2mdx author: Vanheer, Lotte title: Revealing the Key Regulators of Cell Identity in the Human Adult Pancreas date: 2020-09-25 words: 7974 flesch: 29 summary: We show that a network of 142 transcription factors forms distinct regulatory modules that characterize pancreatic cell types. We next sought to identify pancreatic cell types ( Figure 1D ). keywords: acinar; adult; alpha; analysis; beta; cell; data; development; diabetes; endocrine; et al; exocrine; expression; figure; gene; human; identity; pancreas; regulon; tfs; type cache: cord-103108-vmze2mdx.txt plain text: cord-103108-vmze2mdx.txt item: #91 of 288 id: cord-104317-t30dg6oj author: Parker, Michael T. title: An Ecological Framework of the Human Virome Provides Classification of Current Knowledge and Identifies Areas of Forthcoming Discovery date: 2016-09-30 words: 7988 flesch: 34 summary: It is likely this was because human viruses rely on invasion of host cells to replicate and this provokes an overwhelmingly negative impression. This represents a veritable antithesis to the strategy of parasitic human viruses (see The Parasitic Virome, above), wherein viruses have prioritized trade-offs other than pathogenicity to ensure their transmission to a new host. keywords: cells; commensal; disease; evolution; health; host; human; human virome; infection; interactions; microbiome; mutualistic; pathogenic; phages; virome; viruses cache: cord-104317-t30dg6oj.txt plain text: cord-104317-t30dg6oj.txt item: #92 of 288 id: cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 author: Gupta, Abhishek title: The State of AI Ethics Report (June 2020) date: 2020-06-25 words: 47079 flesch: 44 summary: The report also proposes the potential of utilizing a guardian AI system that can monitor other AI systems to check for compliance with different sets of AI principles. The building of AI systems today doesn't just require highly skilled human labor but it must be supplemented with mundane jobs of labeling data that are poorly compensated and involve increasingly harder tasks as, for example, image recognition systems become more powerful, leading to the labeling of more and more complex images which require greater effort. keywords: ai ethics; ai systems; approach; article; authors; case; content; data; design; development; disinformation; example; help; human; impact; information; labor; learning; lot; machine; making; model; need; new; paper; people; perspective; platform; potential; privacy; problem; process; public; research; researchers; rights; security; set; spread; technology; terms; time; tools; use; user; way; work; world cache: cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt plain text: cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt item: #93 of 288 id: cord-186405-f9m3e31q author: Ortenzi, Valerio title: Object Handovers: a Review for Robotics date: 2020-07-25 words: 14180 flesch: 42 summary: A user study of object delivery with an assistive mobile manipulator Human sensorimotor communication: A theory of signaling in online social interactions Towards seamless human-robot handovers Grasping language -a short story on embodiment Neural evidence for the interplay between language, gesture, and action: A review Using' Linguistic Books Human-robot dialogue for joint construction tasks Effects of speech on both complementary and synchronous strategies in joint action Did you mean this object?: Detecting ambiguity in pointing gesture targets Using spatial and temporal contrast for fluent robot-human hand-overs Automated detection of handovers using kinematic features Learning the communication of intent prior to physical collaboration Joint action understanding improves robot-to-human object handover Fooling the kickers but not the goalkeepers: Behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of fake action detection in soccer An analysis of deceptive robot motion Exploration of geometry and forces occurring within human-to-robot handovers Designing gaze behavior for humanlike robots Eyehand coordination in object manipulation Understanding other people's actions: Intention and attention The utility of gaze in spoken human-robot interaction Meet me where i'm gazing: how shared attention gaze affects human-robot handover timing Toward a better understanding of the communication cues involved in a human-robot object transfer I reach faster when i see you look: Gaze effects in humanhuman and humanrobot face-to-face cooperation Deliberate delays during robot-to-human handovers improve compliance with gaze communication Turn taking for human-robot interaction Extending end-state comfort effect: Do we consider the beginning state comfort of another? Cognition, action, and object manipulation Three handover methods in esteem etiquettes using dual arms and hands of home-service robot Characterization of handover orientations used by humans for efficient robot to human handovers On the choice of grasp type and location when handing over an object Comfortable robot to human object hand-over An affordance sensitive system for robot to human object handover Part-based robot grasp planning from human demonstration Implementation of a framework for learning handover grasp configurations through observation during human-robot object handovers An affordance and distance minimization based method for computing object orientations for robot human handovers The prehensile movements of the human hand Analysis of human grasping behavior: correlating tasks, objects and grasps Analysis of human grasping behavior: Object characteristics and grasp type Sensory-motor coordination during grasping and manipulative actions Control strategies in object manipulation tasks Where grasps are made reveals how grasps are planned: Generation and recall of motor plans On grasp choice, grasp models, and the design of hands for manufacturing tasks Analysis of hand contact areas and interaction capabilities during manipulation and exploration The grasp taxonomy of human grasp types Power grip and precision handling Patterns of static prehension in normal hands Human prehension and dexterous robot hands A compact representation of human single-object grasping Robotic grasping and contact: a review Guest editorial open discussion of robot grasping benchmarks, protocols, and metrics Data-driven grasp synthesisa survey Robotic manipulation and the role of the task in the metric of success Effects of end-goal on Hand shaping An object for an action, the same object for other actions: effects on hand shaping Both your intention and mine are reflected in the kinematics of my reach-to-grasp movement Choice of contact points during multidigit grasping: effect of predictability of object center of mass location The ecological approach to visual perception An outline of a theory of affordances Object concepts and action: Extracting affordances from objects parts Scaffolds for social meaning Theories and computational models of affordance and mirror systems: An integrative review Affordances in psychology, neuroscience, and robotics: A survey What is an affordance? Index Terms-Human-robot interaction, object handover. keywords: actions; control; giver; grasp; grasping; handover; human; interaction; metrics; motion; object; object handover; partner; physical; planning; receiver; robot; robot interaction; robot object; task cache: cord-186405-f9m3e31q.txt plain text: cord-186405-f9m3e31q.txt item: #94 of 288 id: cord-196608-k4f79dr4 author: Saha, Sovan title: Computational modeling of Human-nCoV protein-protein interaction network date: 2020-05-05 words: 4389 flesch: 43 summary: So, our proposed model is also capable of identifying human spreader proteins in level-2 by using spreadability index which is validated by SIS model. Fuzzy PPI approach can assess protein interaction affinities at very high specificity with respect to benchmark datasets as shown in Figure 6 . keywords: human; interaction; model; ncov; nodes; ppin; protein; sars; spreader cache: cord-196608-k4f79dr4.txt plain text: cord-196608-k4f79dr4.txt item: #95 of 288 id: cord-211735-qqm4fbor author: Gulec, Fatih title: Mobile Human Ad Hoc Networks: A Communication Engineering Viewpoint on Interhuman Airborne Pathogen Transmission date: 2020-11-02 words: 4642 flesch: 44 summary: To this end, we propose a communication engineering approach that melts different disciplines such as epidemiology, biology, medicine, and fluid dynamics in the same pot to model airborne pathogen transmission among humans. The aim of this article is to present a unified framework using communication engineering, and to highlight future research directions for modeling the spread of infectious diseases among humans through airborne pathogen transmission. keywords: airborne; communication; droplets; fig; human; model; pathogen; transmission cache: cord-211735-qqm4fbor.txt plain text: cord-211735-qqm4fbor.txt item: #96 of 288 id: cord-252810-rko3e5va author: Basil, Maria C. title: The Cellular and Physiological Basis for Lung Repair and Regeneration: Past, Present, and Future date: 2020-04-02 words: 14844 flesch: 26 summary: An alternate approach to lung bioengineering has been developed that is based on removing damaged epithelial cells from distal lungs while maintaining the integrity of the basement membrane, surrounding lung cells and matrix, and the functionality of lung vasculature. The key signaling factors and the main stages of the in vitro derivation of lung epithelial cells are provided. keywords: airway; at2; basal; cells; data; development; differentiation; disease; epithelial; et al; expression; fibrosis; human; injury; lineage; lung; mice; mouse; progenitors; pulmonary; regeneration; repair; signaling; stem; stem cells; studies; transplantation; types; vivo cache: cord-252810-rko3e5va.txt plain text: cord-252810-rko3e5va.txt item: #97 of 288 id: cord-253111-n5ywei4t author: Keck, Frédéric title: Avian preparedness: simulations of bird diseases and reverse scenarios of extinction in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore date: 2018-04-14 words: 9697 flesch: 44 summary: Gavin had first analysed the genome of fungi, then of the SARS coronavirus, then of bird flu viruses. key: cord-253111-n5ywei4t authors: Keck, Frédéric title: Avian preparedness: simulations of bird diseases and reverse scenarios of extinction in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore date: 2018-04-14 journal: J R Anthropol Inst DOI: 10.1111/1467-9655.12813 sha: doc_id: 253111 cord_uid: n5ywei4t This article describes relations between humans, animals, artefacts, and pathogens in simulations of disasters, taking bird diseases in three Chinese sentinel posts as ethnographic cases. keywords: actors; animals; birds; diseases; exercise; gavin; health; hong; hong kong; humans; influenza; kong; pandemic; public; relations; ritual; simulations; singapore; taiwan; techniques; viruses cache: cord-253111-n5ywei4t.txt plain text: cord-253111-n5ywei4t.txt item: #98 of 288 id: cord-253223-us0ey8dq author: Chow, Brian D.W. title: The Human Bocaviruses: A Review and Discussion of Their Role in Infection date: 2009-11-03 words: 5931 flesch: 43 summary: Gastrointestinal symptoms are reported in up to 25% of patients who have HBoV-1 respiratory infection (see Table 2 ) suggesting HBoV-1 may not be limited to the respiratory tract alone. When in vitro culture systems and animal models are available, a better understanding of the role of HBoV-1 in human respiratory disease can be established. keywords: bocavirus; children; detection; disease; hbov-1; human; infection; patients; samples; studies; tract cache: cord-253223-us0ey8dq.txt plain text: cord-253223-us0ey8dq.txt item: #99 of 288 id: cord-253548-izya7nws author: Catchpole, Ken title: Frontiers in Human Factors: Embedding Specialists in Multi-disciplinary efforts to Improve Healthcare. date: 2020-09-09 words: 4221 flesch: 35 summary: Until the FDA mandated HF as part of device design in 2011 40 , HF healthcare work was funded through research, with much of it based at universities rather than hospitals, on a by-project basis rather than being applied full-time alongside and in support of clinicians. Professional healthcare HF practice outside of device development, has therefore been disparate, ad-hoc and precarious, with no formal career structure. keywords: expertise; factors; healthcare; patient; professionals; safety; systems; work cache: cord-253548-izya7nws.txt plain text: cord-253548-izya7nws.txt item: #100 of 288 id: cord-253844-y6xdcf20 author: Yesudhas, Dhanusha title: COVID-19 outbreak: history, mechanism, transmission, structural studies and therapeutics date: 2020-09-04 words: 7192 flesch: 43 summary: The lung macrophage in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a friend or a foe? SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Structural variations in human ACE2 may influence its binding with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein Intrinsically unstructured proteins and their functions Role of disordered regions in transferring tyrosine to its cognate tRNA The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein Structure of the N-terminal RNA-binding domain of the SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein-forms and functions Receptor recognition mechanisms of coronaviruses: a decade of structural studies Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade The role of furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated membrane fusion in the presence or absence of trypsin A review on the cleavage priming of the spike protein on coronavirus by angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and furin Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2 Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 Protein intrinsic disorder and influenza virulence: the 1918 H1N1 and H5N1 viruses Computational studies of drug repurposing and synergism of lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir binding with SARS-CoV-2 Protease against COVID-19 Therapeutic targets and computational approaches on drug development for COVID-19 Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Feasibility and biological rationale of repurposing sunitinib and erlotinib for dengue treatment Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Simultaneous treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with serine and cysteine protease inhibitors prevents severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry Identification of the first synthetic inhibitors of the type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 suitable for inhibition of influenza virus activation Coronavirus replication complex formation utilizes components of cellular autophagy Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine during the COVID-19 SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Receptor recognition and cross-species infections of SARS coronavirus Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research The species severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. keywords: ace2; binding; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; disordered; entry; host; human; infection; inhibitor; novel; protein; receptor; residues; sars; spike; structure; transmission cache: cord-253844-y6xdcf20.txt plain text: cord-253844-y6xdcf20.txt item: #101 of 288 id: cord-254265-8i86c8kt author: Camps, Marta title: Prevalence of human metapneumovirus among hospitalized children younger than 1 year in Catalonia, Spain date: 2008-06-12 words: 4573 flesch: 34 summary: Integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis an sequence alignment Detection of human metapneumovirus in clinical samples by immunofluorescence staining of shell vial centrifugation cultures prepared from three different cell lines Realtime reverse transcriptase PCR assay for detection of human metapneumoviruses from all known genetic lineages Reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections in children Respiratory tract reinfections by the new human Metapneumovirus in an immunocompromised child Rapid detection of human metapneumovirus strains in nasopharyngeal aspirates and shell vial cultures by monoclonal antibodies Characterization of human metapneumoviruses isolated from patients in North America Detection and typing by molecular techniques of respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection in First detection of human metapneumovirus in children with acute respiratory infection in India: A preliminary report Detection and pathogenicity of human metapneumovirus respiratory infection in pediatric Italian patients during a winterspring season Dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among US children A newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease Absence of human metapneumovirus co-infection in cases of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection Ten years' experience with year-round active surveillance of up to 19 respiratory pathogens in children Estimates of world-wide distribution of child deaths from acute respiratory infections Human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in otherwise healthy infants and children Although some studies have detected human metapneumovirus in all age groups, human metapneumovirus infections could be more severe in children, elderly, and immunocompromised patients [Pelletier et al., 2002; Bastien et al., 2003; Cane et al., 2003; Falsey et al., 2003] . keywords: children; et al; human; infection; metapneumovirus; patients; pcr; study; tract; viruses cache: cord-254265-8i86c8kt.txt plain text: cord-254265-8i86c8kt.txt item: #102 of 288 id: cord-254559-3kgfwjzd author: Neo, Jacqueline Pei Shan title: The use of animals as a surveillance tool for monitoring environmental health hazards, human health hazards and bioterrorism date: 2017-05-31 words: 6296 flesch: 34 summary: The extent of support for animal disease surveillance in communities is largely built upon its understanding of the dangers of zoonoses to human health, trade and the economy, rather than out of interest in wildlife health. [WWW Document The global ecology and epidemiology of west nile virus Control and prevention of emerging zoonoses MERS coronaviruses in dromedary camels Tioman virus, a novel paramyxovirus isolated from fruit bats in Malaysia Dogs can play useful role as sentinel hosts for disease Toxic blooms of cyanobacteria in Lake Alexandrina, South Australia -learning from history The perceived value of passive animal health surveillance: the case of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Vietnam Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States Chickens on alert in Kuwait Challenges of animal health information systems and surveillance for animal diseases and zoonoses One world, one health, one medicine Encephalitis caused by a Lyssavirus in Fruit Bats in Australia Ducks as sentinels for avian influenza in wild birds Bioaccumulation efficiency, tissue distribution, and environmental occurrence of hepatitis E virus in bivalve shellfish from France Animals as early detectors of bioevents: veterinary tools and a framework for animal-human integrated zoonotic disease surveillance Windblown lead carbonate as the main source of lead in blood of children from a seaside community: an example of local birds as canaries in the mine A framework for evaluating animals as sentinels for infectious disease surveillance Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus One health and cyanobacteria in freshwater systems: animal illnesses and deaths are sentinel events for human health risks Proposed terms and concepts for describing and evaluating animal-health surveillance systems Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Confronting zoonoses, linking human and veterinary medicine One Health proof of concept: bringing a transdisciplinary approach to surveillance for zoonotic viruses at the humanwild animal interface Relationship of parasites and pathologies to contaminant body burden in sentinel bivalves: NOAA Status and Trends Mussel Watch Program Bacteria in bivalve shellfish with special reference to the oyster Public health. keywords: animals; bats; disease; et al; exposure; hazards; health; human; lead; monitoring; potential; sentinel; surveillance; tools; use; virus cache: cord-254559-3kgfwjzd.txt plain text: cord-254559-3kgfwjzd.txt item: #103 of 288 id: cord-254592-wa5il5go author: Brierley, Liam title: Tissue tropism and transmission ecology predict virulence of human RNA viruses date: 2019-11-26 words: 5889 flesch: 31 summary: Six-rank system of classifying human RNA virus virulence with available data (specifically, severity rating from main text, fatalities in vulnerable individuals and healthy adults, and severe strains), along with example viruses and number of viruses fitting each exclusive rank's criteria. The emergence of previously unseen viruses means that the set of known human viruses continually could not be assigned a disease severity rating and were excluded from all analyses (hepatitis delta virus, which is reliant on hepatitis B virus coinfection, and primate T-lymphotropic virus 3, which may be associated with chronic disease like other T-lymphotropic viruses but has not been known in humans long enough for cohort observations). keywords: data; disease; forest; human; models; risk; tissue; transmission; tropism; virulence; viruses cache: cord-254592-wa5il5go.txt plain text: cord-254592-wa5il5go.txt item: #104 of 288 id: cord-255137-utg8k7qs author: Yinda, Claude Kwe title: Gut Virome Analysis of Cameroonians Reveals High Diversity of Enteric Viruses, Including Potential Interspecies Transmitted Viruses date: 2019-01-23 words: 9795 flesch: 40 summary: VIRSorter_NODE_210_length_3873_cov_4_79189-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_388_length_2881_cov_7_17939-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_5_length_42493_cov_21_423-circular-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_8_length_45832_cov_51_2672-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_4_length_43684_cov_82_015-circular-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_15_length_28369_cov_37_8786-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_16_length_34096_cov_10_5837-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_7_length_23030_cov_44_5743-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_4_length_46080_cov_143_372-circular-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_154_length_5846_cov_32_8156-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_2_length_40986_cov_83_5436-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_14_length_28627_cov_424_601-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_130_length_7398_cov_6_88034-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_911_length_1516_cov_2_82279-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_60_length_9439_cov_32_4934-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_98_length_5449_cov_11_7885-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_193_length_2388_cov_2_87797-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_25_length_14198_cov_12_3353-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_83_length_6779_cov_23_1462-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_37_length_8496_cov_10_6883-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_97_length_6417_cov_22_439-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_20_length_3093_cov_15_1522-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_794_length_2121_cov_3_72505-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_510_length_2453_cov_9_21212-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_11_length_24212_cov_31_2924-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_16_length_17400_cov_20_1101-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_1_length_45933_cov_26_6238-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_4_length_46625_cov_133_007-circular-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_52_length_9386_cov_11_0833-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_229_length_1757_cov_2_47857-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_11_length_20025_cov_19_5373-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_22_length_11775_cov_21_2965-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_107_length_7429_cov_59_5487-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_5_length_61314_cov_65_5801-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_8_length_28098_cov_49_3527-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_59_length_6288_cov_49_065-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_6_length_39977_cov_34_3534-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_145_length_6050_cov_14_9503-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_3_length_55511_cov_174_071-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_512_length_1992_cov_5_2329-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_43_length_9047_cov_24_7407-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_7_length_27940_cov_25_4928-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_30_length_20704_cov_18_18-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_284_length_3092_cov_4_56783-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_21_length_10227_cov_70_6216_ID_1234280-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_244_length_3185_cov_5_53925-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_9_length_14015_cov_52_0782-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_483_length_3784_cov_3_74777-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_163_length_1997_cov_6_07969-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_73_length_9441_cov_6_50694-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_391_length_2005_cov_13_5311-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_48_length_4545_cov_11_4716-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_274_length_2499_cov_6_84104-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_5_length_45101_cov_33_3939-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_84_length_5772_cov_5_66831-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_228_length_3330_cov_15_3372-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_38_length_6638_cov_33_8407-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_110_length_3327_cov_40_0329_ID_1235347-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_292_length_3977_cov_5_20205-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_73_length_4137_cov_29_2744-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_109_length_3682_cov_5_79945-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_2060_length_1098_cov_2_56024-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_186_length_5287_cov_24_3374-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_128_length_4404_cov_8_8202-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_8_length_40727_cov_52_8639-circular-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_241_length_2048_cov_3_82192-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_566_length_1570_cov_4_87877-cat_1 VIRSorter_NODE_236_length_2071_cov_8_333-cat_2 VIRSorter_NODE_21_length_8643_cov_7_23897-cat_1 Halocynthia~phage~JM-2012 Bacillus~phage~NotTheCreek Bacillus~phage~Belinda Listeria~phage~LP-083-2 VIRSorter_NODE_12_length_23882_cov_20_202-cat_2 Bacillus~phage~W.Ph. 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The surface glycoproteins of H5 influenza viruses isolated from humans, chickens, and wild aquatic birds have distinguishable properties Pandemic threat posed by avian influenza A viruses Wet markets -a continuing source of severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza? Quasispecies and the implications for virus persistence and escape The molecular biology of coronaviruses Episodic evolution mediates interspecies transfer of a murine coronavirus Persistent infection promotes cross-species transmissibility of mouse hepatitis virus Receptor homologue scanning functions in the maintenance of MHV-A59 persistence in vitro The N-terminal region of the murine coronavirus spike glycoprotein is associated with the extended host range of viruses from persistently infected murine cells Structure of a major immunogenic site on foot-and-mouth disease virus Molecular basis of pathogenesis of FMDV Efficient infection of cells in culture by type O foot-and-mouth disease virus requires binding to cell surface heparan sulfate Tissue culture adaptation of foot-and-mouth disease virus selects viruses that bind to heparin and are attenuated in cattle Cell recognition by foot-and-mouth disease virus that lacks the RGD integrin-binding motif: flexibility in aphthovirus receptor usage Evolution subverting essentiality: dispensability of the cell attachment Arg-Gly-Asp motif in multiply passaged foot-and-mouth disease virus Foot-and-mouth disease virus virulent for cattle utilizes the integrin alpha(v)beta3 as its receptor Expansion of host-cell tropism of foot-and-mouth disease virus despite replication in a constant environment Polyomaviridae: the viruses and their replication Evidence for two points of restriction in the expression of adenovirus type 2 in cultured epidermal keratinocytes Isolation of a variant of human adenovirus serotype 2 that multiplies efficiently on monkey cells A human cell line selected for resistance to adenovirus infection has reduced levels of the virus receptor Herpesviruses and heparan sulfate: an intimate relationship in aid of viral entry Infection of Chinese hamster ovary cells by pseudorabies virus Adaptability in herpesviruses: glycoprotein D-independent infectivity of pseudorabies virus Glycoprotein Dindependent infectivity of pseudorabies virus results in an alteration of in vivo host range and correlates with mutations in glycoproteins B and H Three classes of cell surface receptors for alphaherpesvirus entry Modification of human cytomegalovirus tropism through propagation in vitro is associated with changes in the viral genome A DNA transfection system for generation of influenza A virus from eight plasmids A plasmid-based reverse genetics system for influenza A virus Molecular basis for high virulence of Hong Kong H5N1 influenza A viruses Enhanced virulence of influenza A viruses with the haemagglutinin of the 1918 pandemic virus Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of influenza viruses with genes from the 1918 pandemic virus Reverse genetics approach towards understanding pathogenesis of H5N1 Hong Kong influenza keywords: adaptation; avian; cell; disease; emergence; gene; host; human; influenza; range; receptor; species; tropism; variants; vectors; viruses cache: cord-255181-du6rqc6i.txt plain text: cord-255181-du6rqc6i.txt item: #106 of 288 id: cord-256537-axbyav1m author: Kimball, Ann Marie title: Emergence of Novel Human Infections: New Insights and New Challenges date: 2016-10-24 words: 4980 flesch: 47 summary: New human infections have continued to come forth over the last decade. So what explains the apparent increased pace of emergence of new human infections? keywords: cases; countries; disease; emergence; health; human; infections; influenza; new; pandemic; sars cache: cord-256537-axbyav1m.txt plain text: cord-256537-axbyav1m.txt item: #107 of 288 id: cord-256543-7kfi2yvu author: de Graaf, Miranda title: Sustained fecal-oral human-to-human transmission following a zoonotic event date: 2016-11-23 words: 3323 flesch: 28 summary: The potential for respiratory droplet-transmissible A/ H5N1 influenza virus to evolve in a mammalian host Year in review 2015: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Noroviruses as a cause of diarrhea in immunocompromised pediatric hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients High prevalence of prolonged norovirus shedding and illness among hospitalized patients: a model for in vivo molecular evolution Persistent spiking fever in a child with acute myeloid leukemia and disseminated infection with enterovirus Infectious complications and vaccinations in the posttransplant population Prolonged influenza virus shedding and emergence of antiviral resistance in immunocompromised patients and ferrets Twentyeight years of poliovirus replication in an immunodeficient individual: impact on the Global Polio Eradication Initiative Host transmission of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is controlled by virulence factors and indigenous intestinal microbiota This study showed that NTS strains of persistently infected humans acquired antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes Inoculum size in shigellosis and implications for expected mode of transmission Norwalk virus shedding after experimental human infection An outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever due to Listeria monocytogenes in milk Cell attachment protein VP8* of a human rotavirus specifically interacts with A-type histoblood group antigen Noroviruses and histoblood groups: the impact of common host genetic polymorphisms on virus transmission and evolution Hepatitis E: an emerging awareness of an old disease Molecular biology and replication of hepatitis E virus Hepatitis E virus genotype 1 infection of swine kidney cells in vitro is inhibited at multiple levels Human cryptosporidiosis in Europe Effect of sanitation and water treatment on intestinal protozoa infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis This systemic review and meta-analysis shows how lack of clean water is associated with increased risk of intestinal protozoa infection Pig Ascaris: an important source of human ascariasis in China Assessing the zoonotic potential of Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis: looking to the future from an analysis of the past From the twig tips to the deeper branches: new insights into evolutionary history and phylogeography of Ascaris Prophylactic treatment with the nucleoside analogue 2 0 -C-methylcytidine completely prevents transmission of norovirus Here, we present a framework of human-to-human transmission of zoonotic pathogens that considers the factors relevant for fecal-oral human-to-human transmission route at the levels of host, pathogen, and environment. keywords: host; human; infection; pathogens; route; shedding; transmission; virus; zoonotic cache: cord-256543-7kfi2yvu.txt plain text: cord-256543-7kfi2yvu.txt item: #108 of 288 id: cord-256615-gvq8uyfk author: Rosenberg, Ronald title: Detecting the emergence of novel, zoonotic viruses pathogenic to humans date: 2014-11-22 words: 6694 flesch: 42 summary: Understanding how such adaptability works could focus our attention on those virus families or species with the greatest chance of infecting humans but how this knowledge could be used more specifically to identify potential threats to humans among animal viruses, as has recently been proposed Because all scientists worked in a single unit connections between human virus isolates and those from animals or vectors were readily made. keywords: animal; arboviruses; discovery; disease; human; novel; number; pathogens; rna; species; surveillance; transmission; viruses cache: cord-256615-gvq8uyfk.txt plain text: cord-256615-gvq8uyfk.txt item: #109 of 288 id: cord-256903-8lyw27gh author: Guzman, Efrain title: Contributions of Farm Animals to Immunology date: 2018-12-06 words: 6515 flesch: 29 summary: Thymic and extra-thymic development of T cells has been studied mainly in mice and because the expression of CD8 and CD4 in mouse T cells for the most part mutually exclusive, CD4/CD8 DP lymphocytes have generally been ignored. Unlike mice, other species like cattle, pigs and chickens possess a substantial proportion of T cells expressing the γδ TCR cells in the circulation suggesting that circulating γδ TCR T cells have a more important role immunity than previously thought (54) . keywords: animals; antibody; antigen; bovine; cattle; cells; disease; human; immune; mice; pigs; responses; studies; vaccine; virus cache: cord-256903-8lyw27gh.txt plain text: cord-256903-8lyw27gh.txt item: #110 of 288 id: cord-257494-242k58ll author: Bastos, Paulo title: Human Antimicrobial Peptides in Bodily Fluids: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Postantibiotic Era date: 2017-01-17 words: 17385 flesch: 26 summary: A new skin-specific proteinase inhibitor that is a target for crosslinking by transglutaminase Peptide hormones and their analogues: Distribution, clearance from the circulation, and inactivation in vivo Discovery of JANUVIA (Sitagliptin), a selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes Human antimicrobial peptides and proteins Antimicrobial peptides: Properties and applicability Structures of human host defense cathelicidin LL-37 and its smallest antimicrobial peptide KR-12 in lipid micelles Human antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent approximately 10% of all curated AMPs catalogued to date. keywords: abps; acids; action; activity; amino; amps; aureus; bacteria; cationic; cells; coli; defensins; fluids; gram; histatin; host; human; identification; infection; ll-37; membrane; novel; peptides; plasma; properties; protein; residues; resistance; salivary; species; structure cache: cord-257494-242k58ll.txt plain text: cord-257494-242k58ll.txt item: #111 of 288 id: cord-257597-jy4a8al8 author: von Essen, Erica title: Instagranimal: Animal Welfare and Animal Ethics Challenges of Animal-Based Tourism date: 2020-10-08 words: 8261 flesch: 37 summary: They build on the ideas presented in the above introduction, discussing new arenas for animal tourism, societal drivers behind the phenomenon and compassionate animal tourism. A desire was to span the three contexts of animal tourism: ecotourism, hunting tourism and agritourism. keywords: animal; animal tourism; animal welfare; conservation; human; hunting; individual; industry; legislation; research; species; symposium; technology; tourism; tourists; travel; welfare; wild cache: cord-257597-jy4a8al8.txt plain text: cord-257597-jy4a8al8.txt item: #112 of 288 id: cord-261466-b9r4cyp7 author: Maritz, Julia M. title: What is the importance of zoonotic trichomonads for human health? date: 2014-06-18 words: 6135 flesch: 31 summary: This dramatic case of disease emergence demonstrates the potential for a trichomonad to jump host species (columbiform to passerine) and spread rapidly through populations. Mining other trichomonad genome data to identify important virulence proteins will improve our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of infections and can be used to test hypotheses, such as whether zoonotic organisms show greater diversity in key virulence proteins underlying their capacity to parasitize a variety of host species and mucosal sites [78] . keywords: disease; foetus; host; human; infections; parasite; potential; species; tract; trichomonads; vaginalis; zoonotic cache: cord-261466-b9r4cyp7.txt plain text: cord-261466-b9r4cyp7.txt item: #113 of 288 id: cord-262868-wanbz1et author: Varki, Ajit title: Loss of N‐glycolylneuraminic acid in humans: Mechanisms, consequences, and implications for hominid evolution date: 2002-01-04 words: 10953 flesch: 38 summary: Regulation of species-and tissue-specific expression of N-glycolylneuraminic acid Sialic acids in molecular and cellular interactions Sialoadhesin, myelin-associated glycoprotein and CD22 define a new family of sialic acid-dependent adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily Modifications of cell surface sialic acids modulate cell adhesion mediated by sialoadhesin and CD22 Functional groups of sialic acids involved in binding to siglecs (sialoadhesins) deduced from interactions with synthetic analogues Evolution at two levels in humans and chimpanzees Binding of Plasmodium falciparum 175-kilodalton erythrocyte binding antigen and invasion of murine erythrocytes requires N-acetylneuraminic acid but not its O-acetylated form Participation of cytochrome b 5 in CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylation in mouse liver cytosol Neandertal DNA sequences and the origin of modern humans Specificity for oligosaccharides and sialic acids and the sequence to which sialic acid is attached Evolution of the primate lineage leading to modern humans: phylogenetic and demographic inferences from DNA sequences Reaction mechanism underlying CMP-Nacetylneuraminic acid hydroxylation in mouse liver: Formation of a ternary complex of cytochrome b 5 , CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid, and a hydroxylation enzyme Immunological studies on Kawasaki disease. keywords: acid; animal; apes; binding; brain; cells; cmah; cmp; dna; et al; evolution; expression; gene; human; loss; neu5gc; serum; sialic; species; tissues; varki cache: cord-262868-wanbz1et.txt plain text: cord-262868-wanbz1et.txt item: #114 of 288 id: cord-264031-0y7xbgun author: Wierbowski, Shayne D. title: A 3D Structural Interactome to Explore the Impact of Evolutionary Divergence, Population Variation, and Small-molecule Drugs on SARS-CoV-2-Human Protein-Protein Interactions date: 2020-10-13 words: 5081 flesch: 22 summary: Our finding that disease mutations and viral proteins 197 affect human proteins at distinct sites is consistent with a two-hit hypothesis of comorbidities whereby 198 proteins whose function is already affected by genetic background may be further compromised by viral 199 infection. Disruption of native protein-protein interactions is one mechanism of disease 189 pathology, and disease mutations are known to be enriched along protein interfaces 70, 71 . keywords: cov-2; disease; human; interaction; interactome; interface; mutations; population; protein; sars; structural; variants; viral cache: cord-264031-0y7xbgun.txt plain text: cord-264031-0y7xbgun.txt item: #115 of 288 id: cord-264255-q5izs39f author: Chieochansin, Thaweesak title: Human bocavirus (HBoV) in Thailand: Clinical manifestations in a hospitalized pediatric patient and molecular virus characterization date: 2007-12-31 words: 2679 flesch: 41 summary: Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples Complete coding sequence and phylogenetic analysis of human bocavirus (HBoV) Human bocavirus: prevalence and clinical spectrum at a children's hospital Detection of human bocavirus in Cannadian children in a 1 year study Frequent detection of human rhinoviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, and bocavirus during acute respiratory tract infection Human bocavirus infection The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children Bocavirus infection in hospitalized children Human bocavirus in French children Human bocavirus infection among children Detection of human bocavirus in Japanese children with lower respiratory tract infection Epidermiology profile and clinical associations of human bocavirus and other human parvovirus Real-Time PCR assays for detection of bocavirus in human specimens Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Human bocavirus in hospitalized children Frequent detection of bocavirus DNA in German children with respiratory tract infections Human bocavirus and acute wheezing in children Human bocavirus: A novel parvovirus epidemiologically associated with pneumonia requiring hospitalization in Thailand High prevalence of human bocavirus detected in young children with severe acute lower respiratory tract disease by use of a standard PCR protocol and a novel Real-Time PCR protocol Human bocavirus in Italian patients with respiratory diseases Human bocavirus in febrile children, the Netherlands Human bocavirus in Iranian children with acute respiratory infections Human bocavirus infection, people's republic of China Human bocavirus DNA detected by quantitative real-time PCR in two children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection Human bocavirus infection in young children in the United States: molecular epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of a newly emerging respiratory virus Detection of bocavirus DNA in nasopharyngeal aspirates of a child with bronchiolitis Evaluation of PCR testing of ethanol-fixed nasal swab specimens as an augmented surveillance strategy for influenza virus and adenovirus identification Detection and characterization of new influenza B virus variants in 2002 Plasma endothelin-1 in infants and young children with acute bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia The incidence of HBoV infection in pediatric patients amounted to 6.62% with 40% co-infected with other respiratory viruses. keywords: bocavirus; children; gene; hbov; human; infection; samples; tract cache: cord-264255-q5izs39f.txt plain text: cord-264255-q5izs39f.txt item: #116 of 288 id: cord-264408-vk4lt83x author: Ruiz, Sara I. title: Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases date: 2017-06-23 words: 34509 flesch: 38 summary: The severe acute respiratory syndrome severe acute respiratory syndrome Bacterial sinusitis and otitis media following influenza virus infection in ferrets Neuropathology of H5N1 virus infection in ferrets The draft genome sequence of the ferret (Mustela putorius furo) facilitates study of human respiratory disease Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for sArs Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever rift Valley fever Inbred rat strains mimic the disparate human response to rift Valley fever virus infection experimental studies of arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers experimental rift Valley fever in rhesus macaques Bovine respiratory syncytial virus protects cotton rats against human respiratory syncytial virus infection Human Hendra virus encephalitis associated with equine outbreak Molecularly engineered live-attenuated chimeric West Nile/dengue virus vaccines protect rhesus monkeys from West Nile virus structure as revealed by airway dissection. emerg Generation of a transgenic mouse model of Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease Pathological changes in brain and other target organs of infant and weanling mice after infection with nonneuroadapted Western equine encephalitis virus Particle-to-PFU ratio of ebola virus influences disease course and survival in cynomolgus macaques Progress toward norovirus vaccines: considerations for further development and implementation in potential target populations Characterization of lethal Zika virus infection in AG129 mice experimental in vitro and in vivo models for the study of human hepatitis B virus infection A model of meningococcal bacteremia after respiratory superinfection in influenza A virus-infected mice Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns Aerosol exposure to the Angola strain of marburg virus causes lethal viral hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques Necrotizing scleritis, conjunctivitis, and other pathologic findings in the left eye and brain of an ebola Virus-Infected rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with apparent recovery and a delayed time of death American Academy of Pediatrics subcommittee on Diagnosis and Management of Bronchiolitis Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models The gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, a model for rift Valley fever viral encephalitis Morbidity and mortality among patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a 2-year retrospective review Chikungunya and the nervous system: what we do and do not know The West Nile virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: the Flushing Hospital experience Hospital outbreak of Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Diagnosis of noncultivatable gastroenteritis viruses, the human caliciviruses Norovirus vaccine against experimental human Norwalk Virus illness Determination of the 50% human infectious dose for Norwalk virus An epizootic attributable to Western equine encephalitis virus infection in emus in Texas evidence for camel-to-human transmission of Mers coronavirus Integrated molecular signature of disease: analysis of influenza virus-infected macaques through functional genomics and proteomics Disseminated and sustained HIV infection in CD34+ cord blood cell-transplanted rag2 −/− gamma c keywords: acute; aerosol; animal; animal model; cells; challenge; clinical; coronavirus; cov; cynomolgus; days; dengue; disease; encephalitis; et al; experimental; exposure; ferrets; fever; fever virus; guinea; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; infection model; influenza; influenza virus; inoculation; lethal; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mouse; mouse model; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; replication; response; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strain; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-264408-vk4lt83x.txt plain text: cord-264408-vk4lt83x.txt item: #117 of 288 id: cord-265857-fs6dj3dp author: Liu, Yu-Tsueng title: Infectious Disease Genomics date: 2010-12-24 words: 4346 flesch: 33 summary: S-OIV emerged in the spring of 2009 in Mexico and was also discovered in specimens from two unrelated children in the San Diego area in April 2009 (CDC, 2009; Dawood et al., 2009) . S-OIV has three genome segments (HA, NP, NS) from the classic North American swine (H1N1) lineage, two segments (PB2, PA) from the North American avian lineage, one segment (PB1) from the seasonal H3N2, and most notably, two segments (NA, M) from the Eurasian swine (H1N1) lineage (Dawood et al., 2009) . keywords: disease; et al; genome; human; malaria; mosquito; sequence; sequencing; vaccine; vector; virus cache: cord-265857-fs6dj3dp.txt plain text: cord-265857-fs6dj3dp.txt item: #118 of 288 id: cord-267149-5twx9y5c author: Abraham, Jonathan title: Host-Species Transferrin Receptor 1 Orthologs Are Cellular Receptors for Nonpathogenic New World Clade B Arenaviruses date: 2009-04-03 words: 5401 flesch: 51 summary: This correlation suggests that TfR1 use is a key determinant in the virulence of clade B viruses, which raises an important question: how easily might clade B viruses circulating in animals gain the ability to use human TfR1? We confirmed that human TfR1 is not involved in the entry of AMAV and TCRV into human cells by examining whether an ahuman TfR1 antibody could inhibit the infection of HEK293T cells mediated by the GPs of AMAV and TCRV. keywords: amav; arenaviruses; cells; clade; entry; human; nstfr1; orthologs; receptor; tcrv; tfr1 cache: cord-267149-5twx9y5c.txt plain text: cord-267149-5twx9y5c.txt item: #119 of 288 id: cord-268378-tcuv255v author: Hood, Ernie title: Evolutionary Medicine: A Powerful Tool for Improving Human Health date: 2008-02-13 words: 4590 flesch: 41 summary: Evolutionary medicine plays a critical role in the interpretation and application of this information, since human evolutionary history has shaped the genome. All in all, medicine seems to be making great progress in preventing, treating, and curing disease without including evolutionary information. keywords: data; disease; evolution; health; human; information; medicine; populations; study cache: cord-268378-tcuv255v.txt plain text: cord-268378-tcuv255v.txt item: #120 of 288 id: cord-270892-ycc3csyh author: Rollinger, Judith M. title: The human rhinovirus: human‐pathological impact, mechanisms of antirhinoviral agents, and strategies for their discovery date: 2010-12-13 words: 19699 flesch: 35 summary: if by hand How contagious are common respiratory tract infections? Environmental contamination with rhinovirus and transfer to fingers of healthy individuals by daily life activity Aerosol transmission of rhinovirus colds Hand-to-hand transmission of rhinovirus colds Transmission of experimental rhinovirus infection by contaminated surfaces Interruption of experimental rhinovirus transmission Virucidal activity and cytotoxicity of the liposomal formulation of povidone-iodine Virucidal hand treatments for prevention of rhinovirus infection Localization of human rhinovirus replication in the upper respiratory tract by in situ hybridization Experimental rhinovirus infection in volunteers Detection of rhinovirus RNA in lower airway cells during experimentally induced infection Relationship of upper and lower airway cytokines to outcome of experimental rhinovirus infection Histopathologic examination and enumeration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the nasal mucosa during experimental rhinovirus colds Sites of rhinovirus recovery after point inoculation of the upper airway Incubation periods of experimental rhinovirus infection and illness Quantitative and qualitative analysis of rhinovirus infection in bronchial tissues Rhinoviruses infect the lower airways Incidence and characteristics of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 254 hospitalized children Improved diagnosis of the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia with real-time polymerase chain reaction Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized school-age children: Evidence for high prevalence of viral infections Association between interleukin-8 concentration in nasal secretions and severity of symptoms of experimental rhinovirus colds Symptom profile of common colds in schoolaged children The microbial etiology and antimicrobial therapy of adults with acute community-acquired sinusitis: A fifteen-year experience at the University of Virginia and review of other selected studies Bacterial coinfections in children with viral wheezing Amplified rhinovirus colds in atopic subjects Experimental rhinovirus 16 infection potentiates histamine release after antigen bronchoprovocation in allergic subjects Lower airways inflammation during rhinovirus colds in normal and in asthmatic subjects The effects of rhinovirus infections on allergic airway responses Rhinovirus upper respiratory infection increases airway hyperreactivity and late asthmatic reactions An experimental model of rhinovirus induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: A pilot study Rhinovirus-induced lower respiratory illness is increased in asthma and related to virus load and Th1/2 cytokine and IL-10 production The economic burden of non-influenzarelated viral respiratory tract infection in the United States Rhinovirus chemotherapy Excessive antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in the United States Influenza virus and rhinovirus-related otitis media: Potential for antiviral intervention The viruses and their replication Analysis of the structure of a common cold virus, human rhinovirus 14, refined at a resolution of 3.0 A The refined structure of human rhinovirus 16 at 2.15 A resolution: Implications for the viral life cycle Crystal structure of human rhinovirus serotype 1A (HRV1A) 1. Effect of shape on binding of steroids to carrier proteins Investigation on QSAR and binding mode of a new class of human rhinovirus-14 inhibitors by CoMFA and docking experiments Synthesis and structure-activity studies of some disubstituted phenylisoxazoles against human picornavirus CoMFA analysis of the interactions of antipicornavirus compounds in the binding pocket of human rhinovirus-14 dihydro-2-oxazolyl)phenoxy]alkyl]-3-methylisoxazoles: Inhibitors of picornavirus uncoating Understanding human rhinovirus infections in terms of QSAR Site-directed mutagenesis suggests close functional relationship between a human rhinovirus 3C cysteine protease and cellular trypsin-like serine proteases The picornaviral 3C proteinases: Cysteine nucleophiles in serine proteinase folds Substituted benzamide inhibitors of human rhinovirus 3C protease: Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of irreversible human rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitors. keywords: activity; agents; antiviral; binding; capsid; cells; cold; compounds; discovery; drug; echinacea; effect; efficacy; fig; group; hrv; human; infection; inhibitors; protease; protein; receptor; replication; results; rhinovirus; rhinovirus infection; rna; serotypes; structure; studies; study; synthesis; table; treatment cache: cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt plain text: cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt item: #121 of 288 id: cord-270911-z637eh2z author: Zhou, Jie title: Differentiated human airway organoids to assess infectivity of emerging influenza virus date: 2018-06-26 words: 5009 flesch: 41 summary: In addition, the differentiation conditions induce elevated levels of serine proteases, which are essential for productive infection of human influenza viruses and low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses. In addition, the differentiation conditions induce elevated levels of serine proteases, which are essential for productive infection of human influenza viruses and low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses. keywords: airway; aos; avian; cells; h7n9; human; influenza; medium; organoids; virus; viruses cache: cord-270911-z637eh2z.txt plain text: cord-270911-z637eh2z.txt item: #122 of 288 id: cord-270940-acwkh6ed author: Kallio-Kokko, Hannimari title: Viral zoonoses in Europe date: 2005-06-29 words: 14707 flesch: 41 summary: key: cord-270940-acwkh6ed authors: Kallio-Kokko, Hannimari; Uzcategui, Nathalie; Vapalahti, Olli; Vaheri, Antti title: Viral zoonoses in Europe date: 2005-06-29 journal: FEMS Microbiol Rev DOI: 10.1016/j.femsre.2005.04.012 sha: doc_id: 270940 cord_uid: acwkh6ed A number of new virus infections have emerged or re-emerged during the past 15 years. During the past 15 years a number of new virus infections have emerged or re-emerged. keywords: antibodies; avian; cases; congo; crimean; detection; disease; encephalitis; europe; fever; fever virus; fig; genome; hantavirus; human; infections; influenza; kda; new; patients; protein; rabies; rna; segment; species; table; tick; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-270940-acwkh6ed.txt plain text: cord-270940-acwkh6ed.txt item: #123 of 288 id: cord-271979-a9u494tr author: Wolfe, Nathan D. title: Bushmeat Hunting, Deforestation, and Prediction of Zoonotic Disease date: 2005-12-17 words: 3315 flesch: 37 summary: A pproximately three fourths of human emerging infectious diseases are caused by zoonotic pathogens (1). Little is known about the complexity of this process, but with ≈75% of human emerging infectious diseases classified as zoonoses (1), understanding the process is critical to global health. keywords: bushmeat; disease; emergence; human; hunting; transmission; viruses; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-271979-a9u494tr.txt plain text: cord-271979-a9u494tr.txt item: #124 of 288 id: cord-272405-jmwn8pdn author: Parvez, Mohammad K. title: Evolution and Emergence of Pathogenic Viruses: Past, Present, and Future date: 2017-08-04 words: 4198 flesch: 37 summary: The established natural reservoirs of human viruses are mainly farm animals, and, to a lesser extent, wild animals and arthropods. The established natural reservoirs of human viruses are mainly farm animals, and, to a lesser extent, wild animals and arthropods. keywords: control; emergence; human; infections; new; novel; pathogens; reservoirs; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-272405-jmwn8pdn.txt plain text: cord-272405-jmwn8pdn.txt item: #125 of 288 id: cord-272829-i4jh6bcn author: ZANETTI, A. R. title: Emerging and re‐emerging infections at the turn of the millennium date: 2010-01-04 words: 4101 flesch: 45 summary: What is more, a number of other factors promote not only the dissemination but also the emergence of new infectious diseases: intensive farming and breeding associated with crowding promote the development of foci of infection; global warming has modified the climate, making insects, a major vector of pathogens, able to thrive in countries where the climate was previously hostile; the exploitation of natural resources has produced environmental changes that create opportunities for new contacts between species leading to emergence of infections in new hosts. In the last decades, a number of new pathogens responsible for emerging infectious diseases, such as avian and swine flu, AIDS, SARS, West Nile, Ebola and variant of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (vCJD) have been identified and other infectious diseases are re-emerging after a period of quiescence, such as malaria and tuberculosis caused by multidrug resistant strains keywords: blood; cases; diseases; emerging; human; infection; new; virus; viruses; world cache: cord-272829-i4jh6bcn.txt plain text: cord-272829-i4jh6bcn.txt item: #126 of 288 id: cord-272955-kkkrkgg1 author: Belsy, Acosta title: Molecular characterization of adenoviral infections in Cuba: report of an unusual association of species D adenoviruses with different clinical syndromes date: 2009-03-12 words: 4225 flesch: 35 summary: Rapid and sensitive diagnosis of human adenovirus infections by a generic polymerase chain reaction Outcome and clinical course of 100 patients with adenovirus infection following bone marrow transplantation Family Adenoviridae Infections in 18, 000 infants and children in a controlled study of respiratory tract disease. This research identified 49 confirmed cases of human adenovirus infection by PCR and/or viral culture. keywords: acute; adenovirus; cases; children; hadv; human; infection; patients; pcr; serotype; species cache: cord-272955-kkkrkgg1.txt plain text: cord-272955-kkkrkgg1.txt item: #127 of 288 id: cord-274219-nh2t1qsl author: Harwood, Stephen title: Conceptualising technology, its development and future: The six genres of technology date: 2020-08-30 words: 14670 flesch: 36 summary: These generic systems are then more likely to have identifiable technology development trajectories (Fleck, 1992) . In conclusion, we can perceive not only the accelerated rate of technological development but also scaled integration, particularly with newer forms of digital technologies. keywords: artefact; autonomy; beings; data; development; digital; e.g.; example; form; future; genre; human; intelligence; machine; nature; new; relationship; self; social; technologies; technology; use cache: cord-274219-nh2t1qsl.txt plain text: cord-274219-nh2t1qsl.txt item: #128 of 288 id: cord-274241-biqbsggu author: Shaw, Timothy I. title: Transcriptome Sequencing and Annotation for the Jamaican Fruit Bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) date: 2012-11-15 words: 6004 flesch: 48 summary: Human and mouse genomes were used as references to estimate the distribution of bat contigs within known gene transcripts. Horse and human were identified as the top two species with best BLAST hits for bat contigs ( Figure 2 ). keywords: analysis; artibeus; bats; contigs; fruit; genes; genome; human; immune; mouse; sequences; species; transcriptome; tree; virus cache: cord-274241-biqbsggu.txt plain text: cord-274241-biqbsggu.txt item: #129 of 288 id: cord-274520-c674wkmt author: Moelling, Karin title: Air Microbiome and Pollution: Composition and Potential Effects on Human Health, Including SARS Coronavirus Infection date: 2020-05-28 words: 6731 flesch: 45 summary: Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 21 may 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe Ambient (outdoor) air pollution Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic WHO: 92% of the world's population breathe polluted air A preliminary review of gas-to-particle conversion monitoring and modelling efforts in the USA e contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale e Lancet Commission on pollution and health World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization An investigation of particulate matter and relevant cardiovascular risks in Abadan and Khorramshahr in 2014-2016 Mortality and morbidity due to ambient air pollution in Iran An evaluation of hospital admission respiratory disease attributed to sulfur dioxide ambient concentration in Ahvaz from An association between ambient pollutants and hospital admitted respiratory cases in Ahvaz, Iran Characteristics, sources, and health risks of atmospheric PM10-bound heavy metals in a populated middle eastern city Health risk assessment on human exposed to heavy metals in the ambient air PM10 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran China wakes up to the crisis of air pollution A comparative study of hospital admissions for respiratory diseases during normal and dusty days in Iran Ambient atmospheric particles in the airways of human lungs PM2.5 air pollution and cause-specific cardiovascular disease mortality Is ambient air pollution associated with onset of suddent infant death syndrome: a case-crossover study in the UK A work group report on ultrafine particles (American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology): why ambient ultrafine and engineered nanoparticles should receive special attention for possible adverse health outcomes in human subjects Long-term exposure to ultrafine particles and incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in a prospective study of a Dutch cohort Effects of environmental pollutants on gut microbiota Role of antioxidants and free radicals in health and disease Household air pollution and health International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Air pollution may also be linked to cancer and reduced life expectancy. keywords: air; bacterial; communities; diseases; exposure; fungal; health; human; microbiome; pollution; sars; study; viruses cache: cord-274520-c674wkmt.txt plain text: cord-274520-c674wkmt.txt item: #130 of 288 id: cord-274756-nnm1n09a author: Varadé, Jezabel title: Human immunology and immunotherapy: main achievements and challenges date: 2020-09-02 words: 19166 flesch: 27 summary: Several factors have been involved in these advancements, and the most important ones include the development of thousands of different monoclonal antibodies that allow the identification of a large variety of cell subpopulations and the functional analysis of immune cells. After infection or vaccination, innate immune cells (such as monocytes and macrophages) display long-term functional changes through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming, including histone acetylation, methylation and modulation of noncoding RNAs [94] keywords: activation; antibodies; antigen; autoimmune; cancer; cells; cytokines; development; diseases; expression; genes; human; immune; immunity; immunotherapy; killer; lymphocytes; lymphoid; memory; molecules; nk cells; pathogens; patients; receptor; regulatory; responses; system; t cells; therapeutic; therapy; tumor; tumor cells; types; use; vaccines cache: cord-274756-nnm1n09a.txt plain text: cord-274756-nnm1n09a.txt item: #131 of 288 id: cord-275796-4560i8cx author: Kumar, Prashant title: Prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for human metapneumovirus date: 2018-10-20 words: 6559 flesch: 30 summary: HRA2pl peptide: a fusion inhibitor for human metapneumovirus produced in tobacco plants by transient transformation The human metapneumovirus small hydrophobic protein has properties consistent with those of a viroporin and can modulate viral fusogenic activity Mapping and characterization of the primary and anamnestic H-2d-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response in mice against human metapneumovirus Live attenuated vaccines: historical successes and current challenges Comparing human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus: viral co-detections, genotypes and risk factors for severe disease Human metapneumovirus induces formation of inclusion bodies for efficient genome replication and transcription Prevalence of Human metapneumovirus infection among patients with influenza-like illness: report from a Tertiary Care Centre, Southern India Human metapneumovirus epidemiological and evolutionary patterns in Coastal Kenya Immunization with recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin strain confers protective Th1 immunity against the human metapneumovirus Human metapneumovirus infection is associated with severe respiratory disease in preschool children with history of prematurity Comparison of risk factors for human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus disease severity in young children Efficacy of oral ribavirin in hematologic disease patients with paramyxovirus infection: analytic strategy using propensity scores Characterization of human metapneumoviruses isolated from patients in North America Genomic analysis of four human metapneumovirus prototypes Paediatric human metapneumovirus infection: epidemiology, prevention and therapy Epidemiologic characteristics and seasonal distribution of human metapneumovirus infections in five epidemic seasons in Successful outcome of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) pneumonia in a lung transplant recipient treated with intravenous ribavirin Human metapneumovirus: insights from a ten-year molecular and epidemiological analysis in Germany Human metapneumovirus M2-2 protein inhibits innate cellular signaling by targeting MAVS MyD88 controls human metapneumovirus-induced pulmonary immune responses and disease pathogenesis Human metapneumovirus M2-2 protein inhibits innate immune response in monocyte-derived dendritic cells Recent vaccine development for human metapneumovirus ICTV virus taxonomy profile: pneumoviridae Therapeutic efficacy of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor A Sendai virus recombinant vaccine expressing a gene for truncated human metapneumovirus (hMPV) fusion protein protects cotton rats from hMPV challenge Immune modulatory activity of ribavirin for serious human metapneumovirus disease: early i.v. therapy may improve outcomes in immunosuppressed SCT recipients Inactivated viral vaccines, chapter 2 Deletion of human metapneumovirus M2-2 increases mutation frequency and attenuates growth in hamsters Human metapneumovirus: lessons learned over the first decade Human metapneumovirus infection in Jordanian children: epidemiology and risk factors for severe disease A broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody exhibits in vivo efficacy against both human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus Treatment with oral ribavirin and IVIG of severe human metapneumovirus pneumonia (HMPV) in immune compromised child The human metapneumovirus: a case series and review of the literature Effect of NMSO3 treatment in a murine model of human metapneumovirus infection RNA virus reverse genetics and vaccine design Human metapneumovirus as a cause of community-acquired respiratory illness Experimental infection of adults with recombinant wild-type human metapneumovirus A host-range restricted parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) expressing the human metapneumovirus (hMPV) fusion protein elicits protective immunity in African green monkeys Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies which neutralize human metapneumovirus in vitro and in vivo Prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for human metapneumovirus 443 Identification of antibody neutralization epitopes on the fusion protein of human metapneumovirus Lung CD8T cell impairment occurs during human metapneumovirus infection despite virus-like particle induction of functional CD8T cells Human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in otherwise healthy infants and children A recombinant human monoclonal antibody to human metapneumovirus fusion protein that neutralizes virus in vitro and is effective therapeutically in vivo Population-based incidence of human metapneumovirus in hospitalized children Comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin and immune serum globulin in vitro Comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by NMSO3 in tissue culture assays Genetic diversity and evolution of human metapneumovirus fusion protein over twenty years Human metapneumovirus: enhanced pulmonary disease in cotton rats immunized with formalin-inactivated virus vaccine and challenged Rational design of human metapneumovirus live attenuated vaccine candidates by inhibiting viral mRNA cap methyltransferase Reversion of cold-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccine into a pathogenic virus Virulence Effect of ribavirin and glucocorticoid treatment in a mouse model of human metapneumovirus infection Enhanced lung disease and Th2 response following human metapneumovirus infection in mice immunized with the inactivated virus Human metapneumovirus small hydrophobic (SH) protein downregulates type I IFN pathway signaling by affecting STAT1 expression and phosphorylation Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope vaccination protects against human metapneumovirus infection and disease in mice Pulmonary infection of mice with human metapneumovirus induces local cytotoxic T-cell and immunoregulatory cytokine responses similar to those seen with human respiratory syncytial virus Recovery of human metapneumovirus genetic lineages A and B from cloned cDNA Immunization of Syrian golden hamsters with F subunit vaccine of human metapneumovirus induces protection against challenge with homologous or heterologous strains Immunogenicity and efficacy of two candidate human metapneumovirus vaccines in cynomolgus macaques Generation of temperature-sensitive human metapneumovirus strains that provide protective immunity in hamsters Analysis of the genomic sequence of a human metapneumovirus Epidemiology of human metapneumovirus Human metapneumovirus infection in a hematopoietic transplant recipient Evaluation of a live attenuated human metapneumovirus vaccine in adults and children Genome-wide analysis of human metapneumovirus evolution Treatment of severe human metapneumovirus (hMPV) pneumonia in an immunocompromised child with oral ribavirin and IVIG T lymphocytes contribute to antiviral immunity and pathogenesis in experimental human metapneumovirus infection Human metapneumovirus antagonism of innate immune responses Seroepidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) on the basis of a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing hMPV fusion protein expressed in recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus Virus-like particle vaccine induces cross-protection against human metapneumovirus infections in mice Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope peptide of human metapneumovirus A novel inactivated intranasal respiratory syncytial virus vaccine promotes viral clearance without Th2 associated vaccineenhanced disease A live attenuated human metapneumovirus vaccine strain provides complete protection against homologous viral infection and cross-protection against heterologous viral infection in BALB/c mice Production and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against human metapneumovirus F protein. keywords: cells; disease; fusion; hmpv; host; human; infection; metapneumovirus; protein; recombinant; response; vaccine cache: cord-275796-4560i8cx.txt plain text: cord-275796-4560i8cx.txt item: #132 of 288 id: cord-276039-nqqwnmwc author: Rua, Rejane title: Origin, evolution and innate immune control of simian foamy viruses in humans date: 2015-02-17 words: 4074 flesch: 47 summary: The recent discovery of endogenous viruses, and FV in fishes Overviews of pathogen emergence: which pathogens emerge, when and why? Genetic characterization of simian foamy viruses infecting humans Long terminal repeat U3 length polymorphism of human foamy virus Interspecies transmission of simian foamy virus in a natural predator-prey system Molecular ecology and natural history of simian foamy virus infection in wild-living chimpanzees Mother-offspring transmission and age-dependent accumulation of simian foamy virus in wild chimpanzees Population dynamics of rhesus macaques and associated foamy virus in Bangladesh. We extended such studies into different areas and populations of this Central African country and found the presence of SFV infection in at least 50 persons [12 ] . keywords: cells; foamy; humans; infection; sfv; simian; species; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-276039-nqqwnmwc.txt plain text: cord-276039-nqqwnmwc.txt item: #133 of 288 id: cord-276110-zztp61pj author: Sætra (Sætra is the family name), Henrik Skaug title: A shallow defence of a technocracy of artificial intelligence: Examining the political harms of algorithmic governance in the domain of government date: 2020-06-08 words: 10941 flesch: 52 summary: I conclude that these objections do not successfully derail AI technocracy, if we make sure that mechanisms for control and backup are in place, and if we design a system in which humans have control over the direction and fundamental goals of society. It is, however, a central part, as these dangers have not been sufficiently examined, particularly not in the setting of an extreme case of AI technocracy as I consider here. keywords: ai technocracy; algorithmic; decisions; democracy; governance; harms; objection; participation; people; politics; technocracy; use cache: cord-276110-zztp61pj.txt plain text: cord-276110-zztp61pj.txt item: #134 of 288 id: cord-276218-dcg9oq6y author: Kim, Jihoon title: Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine date: 2020-07-07 words: 10691 flesch: 28 summary: We emphasize the differences between the mouse and human systems, evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of animal models and human organoid models. Human organoid systems fundamentally mimic a part of the human body, not the entire body. keywords: animal; brain; cancer; cell; culture; development; differentiation; disease; drug; human; model; mouse; organoids; patient; research; sars; stem; stem cells; studies; systems; technology; vitro cache: cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt plain text: cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt item: #135 of 288 id: cord-276954-6m74kejh author: Dubé, Simon title: Foundations of Erobotics date: 2020-10-28 words: 19564 flesch: 34 summary: Specifically, erobots that (1) aim to maximize the realization of human erotic preferences, (2) are initially uncertain about what those erotic preferences are, and (3) use human behaviour as their ultimate source of information about our erotic preferences. They also underestimate how the complex web of affordances enabled by the growing agency of erotic machines influences our relationships with erobots, the interconnectivity of biological and artificial systems, as well as the unpredictable ways in which such systems can affect the cognition and evolution of both humans and machines. keywords: agency; agents; behaviours; cognition; erobotics; erobots; evolution; experiences; human; interaction; intimacy; learning; level; love; machines; model; new; preferences; research; sex; sexuality; systems; technologies; technology cache: cord-276954-6m74kejh.txt plain text: cord-276954-6m74kejh.txt item: #136 of 288 id: cord-277076-yvsyo4l9 author: Berger, A. title: SARS date: 2019-09-12 words: 4350 flesch: 41 summary: It was obvious that the majority of human SARS cases were acquired through transmission from other SARS sufferers (which proved key to its eventual control). Low risk of SARS-CoV emergence or introduction -Countries/areas that never reported cases or reported only imported cases during the 2002-03 epidemic, and that do not conduct research using live SARS-CoV-like viruses or store clinical samples from SARS cases. keywords: agent; antibody; cases; cov; emergence; human; illness; infection; sars; test cache: cord-277076-yvsyo4l9.txt plain text: cord-277076-yvsyo4l9.txt item: #137 of 288 id: cord-277309-kelebqr6 author: Wang, Lin-Fa title: Viruses in bats and potential spillover to animals and humans date: 2019-01-18 words: 6083 flesch: 41 summary: Here we provide a brief review of the latest findings in bat viruses and their potential risk of cross-species transmission. Here we provide a brief review of the latest findings in bat viruses and their potential risk of crossspecies transmission. keywords: bats; coronavirus; cov; disease; humans; novel; outbreak; potential; sars; species; spillover; transmission; viruses; zoonotic cache: cord-277309-kelebqr6.txt plain text: cord-277309-kelebqr6.txt item: #138 of 288 id: cord-278195-1sle0d1j author: Castillo-Huitrón, Nathalia M. title: The Importance of Human Emotions for Wildlife Conservation date: 2020-06-24 words: 8076 flesch: 32 summary: The nature of emotions human emotions have deep evolutionary roots, a fact that may explain their complexity and provide tools for clinical practice Scary and nasty beasts: self-reported fear and disgust of common phobic animals Which emotions are basic? Venom in animal species is one of the most remarkable features triggering fear across cultural groups. keywords: anger; animals; attitudes; case; children; conservation; disgust; emotions; et al; fear; groups; happiness; humans; knowledge; people; prokop; snakes; species; wildlife cache: cord-278195-1sle0d1j.txt plain text: cord-278195-1sle0d1j.txt item: #139 of 288 id: cord-278647-krh63hqp author: Carter, Robert W title: A new look at an old virus: patterns of mutation accumulation in the human H1N1 influenza virus since 1918 date: 2012-10-12 words: 8427 flesch: 50 summary: Finally, the correlation between the exponential decline of H1N1-related mortalities and the linear increase in H1N1 mutations is only one of our evidences for the genetic attenuation of H1N1. The exact nature of H1N1 mutation accumulation over time has not been fully explored. keywords: accumulation; codon; genome; h1n1; human; influenza; lineage; mutations; pandemic; strains; virus; viruses cache: cord-278647-krh63hqp.txt plain text: cord-278647-krh63hqp.txt item: #140 of 288 id: cord-279255-v861kk0i author: Dhama, Kuldeep title: Coronavirus Disease 2019–COVID-19 date: 2020-06-24 words: 23944 flesch: 36 summary: Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Recent advances in the vaccine development against Middle East respiratory syndromecoronavirus Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets A live attenuated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is immunogenic and efficacious in golden Syrian hamsters Animal models and vaccines for SARS-CoV infection Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset Vaccines for the prevention against the threat of MERS-CoV Molecular basis of coronavirus virulence and vaccine development Mice transgenic for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 provide a model for SARS coronavirus infection Genetically engineering a susceptible mouse model for MERS-CoV-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine A mouse model for MERS coronavirus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome Replicative capacity of MERS coronavirus in livestock cell lines Entry of human coronavirus NL63 into the cell China's response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert Early epidemiological analysis of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak based on crowdsourced data: a population-level observational study Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus The progress of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) event in China Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Response to the emerging novel coronavirus outbreak Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China Novel coronavirus, poor quarantine, and the risk of pandemic Novel Coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: intense surveillance is vital for preventing sustained transmission in new locations Risk for transportation of 2019 novel coronavirus disease from Wuhan to other cities in China Infections without borders: a new coronavirus in Wuhan, China An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time Limiting spread of COVID-19 from cruise ships-lessons to be learnt from Japan Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records A case of 2019 novel coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study A pregnant woman with COVID-19 in Central America Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19). CEPI to fund three programmes to develop vaccines against the novel coronavirus, nCoV-2019 Moderna announces funding award from CEPI to accelerate development of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine against novel coronavirus Novel inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry that act by three distinct mechanisms Treatment with interferon-␣2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics Potential antiviral therapeutics for 2019 novel coronavirus A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Coronavirusesdrug discovery and therapeutic options Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-␤1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common Marmoset Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-␤1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Towards a solution to MERS: protective human monoclonal antibodies targeting different domains and functions of the MERS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein Characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against MERScoronavirus spike protein Crossneutralization of SARS coronavirus-specific antibodies against bat SARS-like coronaviruses New coronavirus threat galvanizes scientists Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Cell-based antiviral screening against coronaviruses: developing virus-specific and broad-spectrum inhibitors Passive immunotherapy with dromedary immune serum in an experimental animal model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: a systemic review Human transbodies that interfere with the functions of Ebola virus VP35 protein in genome replication and transcription and innate immune antagonism Inhibitors of RAS might be a good choice for the therapy of COVID-19 pneumonia Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture keywords: acute; animal; bat; cases; cell; china; control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; drugs; health; host; human; infection; mers; ncov; novel; novel coronavirus; outbreak; patients; pneumonia; potential; protein; respiratory; risk; sars; sars coronavirus; spread; studies; study; syndrome; transmission; treatment; vaccine; viruses; wuhan cache: cord-279255-v861kk0i.txt plain text: cord-279255-v861kk0i.txt item: #141 of 288 id: cord-279406-wwdqh9qs author: Guzman, Norberto A. title: A Two-Dimensional Affinity Capture and Separation Mini-Platform for the Isolation, Enrichment, and Quantification of Biomarkers and Its Potential Use for Liquid Biopsy date: 2020-07-30 words: 17193 flesch: 28 summary: Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips Laser-induced fluorometry for capillary electrophoresis Recent trends of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry in proteomics research Advances in capillary electrophoresis for the life science Capillary electrophoresis-based approaches for the study of affinity interactions combined with various sensitive and nontraditional detection techniques Multivalent aptamers: Versatile tools for diagnostic and therapeutic applications Advances in affinity ligand-functionalized nanomaterials for biomagnetic separation Review on biomimetic affinity chromatography with short peptide ligands and its application to protein purification Metal-organics framework-based affinity materials in proteomics Modified bacteriophage tail fiber proteins for labeling, immobilization, capture, and detection of bacteria Rational design of affinity ligands for bioseparation A capture and release method based on noncovalent ligand cross-linking and facile filtration for purification of lectins and glycoproteins The use of a concentration step to collect urinary components separated by capillary electrophoresis and further characterization of collected analytes by mass spectrometry Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Apparatus Immunoaffinity capillary electrophoretic analysis of cyclosporin in tears New approaches in clinical chemistry: On-line analyte concentration and microreaction capillary electrophoresis for the determination of drugs, metabolic intermediates, and biopolymers in biological fluids Affinity capillary electrophoresis: Important application areas and some recent developments Immunoaffinity CE in clinical analysis of body fluids and tissues Microfluidic immunoaffinity separations for bioanalysis Bioanalytical methods for food allergy diagnosis, allergen detection and new allergen discovery Automated microfluidic devices integrating solid-phase extraction, fluorescent labeling, and microchip electrophoresis for preterm birth biomarker analysis Capillary electrophoresis-based immunoassay and aptamer assay: A review Clinical and pharmaceutical applications of affinity ligands in capillary electrophoresis: A review Red diode laser induced fluorescence detection with a confocal microscope on a microchip for capillary electrophoresis Capillary-scale monolithic immunoaffinity columns for immunoextraction with in-line laser induced fluorescence detection Magnetic beads based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis of total serum IgE with laser-induced fluorescence detection Demonstration of a direct capture immunoaffinity separation for C-reactive protein using a capillary-based microfluidic device Immunoaffinity extraction of testosterone by antibody immobilized monolithic capillary with on-line laser-induced fluorescence detection Ultrasensitive on-column laser-induced fluorescence in capillary electrophoresis using multiparameter confocal detection Analysis of serum transthyretin by on-line immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry using magnetic beads Measurement of inflammatory chemokines in micro-dissected tissue biopsy samples by chip-based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis Immunoaffinity capture couples with capillary electrophoresis-Mass spectrometry to study therapeutic protein stability in vivo Confocal laser-induced fluorescence detector for narrow capillary system with yoctomole limit of detection Separation of urinary constituents by capillary electrophoresis and further characterization of collected analytes by mass spectrometry Capillary electrophoresis for the analytical separation and semi-preparative collection of monoclonal antibodies Affinity capillary electrophoresis: Two semi-preparative approaches to concentrate samples on the capillary column and to recover microgram quantities of material Fabrication of an analyte concentrator-reaction chamber containing immobilized S. aureus V8 protease: On-column proteolytic digestion of nanogram quantities of substrate using capillary electrophoresis Enzymophoresis of nucleic acids by tandem capillary enzyme reactor-capillary zone electrophoresis Determination of prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta-subunit at the zeptomole level using capillary electrophoresis On-line peptide mapping of antibodies by capillary electrophoresis Selective preconcentration for capillary zone electrophoresis using protein G immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis Consecutive protein digestion and peptide derivatization employing an on-line analyte concentrator to map proteins using capillary electrophoresis On-line protein digestion by immobilized enzyme microreactor capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry On-line immobilized microreactor for evaluating inhibitory activity of phenolic acids by capillary electrophoresis and molecular docking Disease Detection System and Method Method and System for Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Measurable Biomarkers during the Development of a Communicable Disease Real-time imaging through optical fiber array-assisted laser-induced fluorescence of capillary electrophoretic enantiomer separations Chip-based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis: Application to the measurement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in skin biopsies Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications Brain-derived neurotropic factor in brain disorders: Focus on neuroinflammation On-line immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis based on magnetic beads for the determination of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein isoforms profile to facilitate its use as biomarker Glycoform analysis of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein by capillary electrophoresis Differential glycosylation of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP-I) contributes to its functional diversity Review on the potential health impact of Ã�-casomorphins and related peptides Impact of milk derived Ã�-casomorphins on physiological functions and trends in research: A review Aytekin, I. A1 and A2 bovine milk, the risk of beta-casomorphin-7 and its possible effects on human health: (I) A1 and A2 milk and the risk of beta-casomorphin-7 A1/A2 milk and Ã�-casomorphins: The resurgence of controversy Milk A1 Ã�-casein and health related outcomes in humans: A systematic review biological properties and other potential effects on human health of Ã�-casomorphin 7: Current knowledge and concerns A method for identifying discriminative isoform-specific peptides for clinical proteomics application An isoform of AIF1 involved in breast cancer PTEN proteoforms in biology and disease How many human proteoforms are there? N-terminal proteoforms in human disease Origins and clinical relevance of proteoforms in pediatric malignancies False positive circumsporozoite protein ELISA: A challenge for the estimation of the entomological inoculation rate of malaria and for vector incrimination High false positive rate of an ELISA screen for the detection of anti-factor VIII antibodies in congenital hemophilia A Preventing intense false positive and negative reactions attributed to the principle of ELISA to re-investigate antibody studies in autoimmune diseases Urea-mediated dissociation alleviate the false-positive Treponema pallidum-specific antibodies detected by ELISA Properties and function of polyreactive antibodies and polyreactive antigen-binding B cells Antibody polyreactivity in health and disease: Status variabilis Natural antibodies-Facts known and unknown. Holding promise for precision medicine and P4 medicine Comparison of ELISA and HPLC-MS methods for the determination of exenatide in biological and biotechnology-based formulation matrices A direct comparison of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with clinical routine testing immunoassay methods for the detection and quantification of thyroid hormones in blood serum The pathway through LC-MS method development: In-house or ready-to-use kit-based methods? Current state of bioanalytical chromatography in clinical analysis Detection of 8-OHdG as a diagnostic biomarker High-performance liquid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for detection and quantification of aflatoxin B1 in feed samples: A comparative study LC-MSMS assays of urinary cortisol, a comparison between four in-house assays Comparison of an HPLC-MS/MS method with multiple commercial ELISA kits on the determination of levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2 -deoxyguanosine in human urine Protein biomarker quantification by immunoaffinity liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Current state and future vision A brief history of medical diagnosis and the birth of the clinical laboratory Biomedicines 2020 An historical perspective on the clinical diagnostic laboratory Existing and emerging technologies for point-of-care testing The accuracy of point-of-care glucose measurements Physicians'views of self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with Type 2 diabetes not on insulin Point-of-care diagnostics in low resource settings: Present status and future role of microfluidics Current status and future prospects of point-of-care testing around the globe The clinical and health economic value of clinical laboratory diagnostics Sample preparation in microstructures devices Microchips, microarrays, biochips and nanochips: Personal laboratories for the 21st century Clinically relevant advances in on-chip affinity-based electrophoresis and electrochromatography Fang, Q. A low-cost palmtop high-speed capillary electrophoresis bioanalyzer with laser induced fluorescence detection Capillary Electrophoresis Technology Review on the development of truly portable and in-situ capillary electrophoresis systems Applications of capillary electrophoresis for the early diagnosis of cancer Urinary proteomics and precision medicine for chronic kidney disease: Current status and future perspectives Microfluidic chip electrophoresis for biochemical analysis 3D printed microfluidics Immunoaffinity CE for proteomics studies Immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis as a powerful strategy for the quantification of low-abundance biomarkers, drugs, and metabolites in biological matrices Applications of microfluidics and microchip electrophoresis for potential clinical biomarker analysis Recent advances in CE and microchip-CE in clinical applications: 2014 to mid-2017 Analysis of inflammatory mediators in newborn dried blood spot samples by chip-base immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis Recent trends in the quantification of biogenic amines in biofluids as biomarkers of various disorders: A review Biocatalytic amplification of UV signal in capillary electrophoresis of microRNA Enhancement of concentration limits of detection in capillary electrophoresis: Examples of on-line sample preconcentration, cleanup, and microreactor technology in protein characterization On-line solid-phase preconcentration for sensitivity enhancement in capillary electrophoresis On-line preconcentration methods for capillary electrophoresis Lowering the concentration limits of detection by on-line solid-phase extraction-capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry Getting the best sensitivity from on-capillary fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis-A tutorial A critical retrospective and prospective review of designs and materials in-line solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis Ten principles for conservative, care-full diagnosis Sensitivity enhancement and second-dimensional information from solid-phase extraction-capillary electrophoresis of entire high-performance liquid chromatography fractions keywords: acm; affinity; analysis; antibodies; bdnf; biomarkers; cancer; capture; cells; detection; device; diagnosis; disease; electrophoresis; exosomes; figure; iace; immunoaffinity; instrument; potential; protein; sample; separation; system; technology; transport; use; vesicles; viruses cache: cord-279406-wwdqh9qs.txt plain text: cord-279406-wwdqh9qs.txt item: #142 of 288 id: cord-279694-25rblhwb author: Mahy, B.W.J title: Emerging and Reemerging Virus Diseases of Vertebrates date: 2014-11-28 words: 4322 flesch: 45 summary: The threat of a new pandemic of influenza virus in the human population stresses the need for development of better methods for detection, surveillance, and control of emerging virus diseases. Many important virus diseases are spread by arthropods, and exposure to new arthropods and the viruses they carry is critical to the emergence of new virus diseases. keywords: cause; coronavirus; disease; fever; human; new; population; syndrome; virus; viruses cache: cord-279694-25rblhwb.txt plain text: cord-279694-25rblhwb.txt item: #143 of 288 id: cord-280107-tulne0v3 author: Rabaa, Maia A. title: The Vietnam Initiative on Zoonotic Infections (VIZIONS): A Strategic Approach to Studying Emerging Zoonotic Infectious Diseases date: 2015-09-24 words: 4420 flesch: 22 summary: Specifically, we predict that exotic food production systems with mixed species and limited biosecurity, abattoirs and wet markets operating with minimal basic hygiene, poor cold chains for meat distribution, limited meat inspections in the market sector, and consumption of raw/undercooked blood, meat, organ tissues, and wild animal products promote the risk of zoonotic pathogen transmission. VIZIONS, initiated in March 2012, is now an established platform for one-health research in Vietnam. With VIZIONS, we are aiming to integrate traditional clinical, epidemiological, and medical anthropological methods with new approaches for pathogen detection and discovery, including novel sequencing approaches combined with phylogenetic analysis to characterize pathogen populations. keywords: animal; disease; human; infections; pathogens; populations; risk; species; vietnam; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-280107-tulne0v3.txt plain text: cord-280107-tulne0v3.txt item: #144 of 288 id: cord-281836-j1r771nq author: Hernando-Amado, Sara title: Antibiotic Resistance: Moving From Individual Health Norms to Social Norms in One Health and Global Health date: 2020-08-28 words: 14100 flesch: 18 summary: Indeed, it has been described that drinking water is a relevant vehicle for the spread of ARBs in different countries (Walsh et al., 2011; Fernando et al., 2016) and that raw wastewater irrigation used for urban agriculture may increase the abundance of mobile ARGs in the irrigated soil (Bougnom et al., 2020) . Consequently, besides a Global Health problem, AR has an important economic impact (Rudholm, 2002) , hence constituting a Global Development Problem, endangering not only the achievements toward the Millennium Development Goals but also the Sustainable Development Goals (van der Heijden et al., 2019). keywords: animals; antibiotic; arbs; args; bacteria; countries; development; ecosystems; elements; et al; genes; health; human; individual; infections; interventions; natural; norms; problem; resistance; resistome; selection; spread; transfer; transmission; treatment; use cache: cord-281836-j1r771nq.txt plain text: cord-281836-j1r771nq.txt item: #145 of 288 id: cord-281957-1p54k8it author: Kaplan, Bruce title: 'ONE HEALTH' and parasitology date: 2009-08-12 words: 1312 flesch: 29 summary: Since ancient times the concept that animal health and the environment influence human health has been around. The idea was to investigate and compare how veterinary vaccines were handled and if utilizing or incorporating some of these methods might be utilized and provide better transportation of the human malaria vaccines. keywords: animal; health; malaria; medicine; veterinary; zoonotic cache: cord-281957-1p54k8it.txt plain text: cord-281957-1p54k8it.txt item: #146 of 288 id: cord-282059-sdumq61z author: Nesse, Randolph M title: The great opportunity: Evolutionary applications to medicine and public health date: 2008-02-17 words: 13525 flesch: 45 summary: At the core of evolutionary medicine is recognition that diseases need both proximate explanations of bodily mechanisms and evolutionary explanations of why natural selection has left the body vulnerable to disease. When they first hear about evolutionary medicine, most doctors ask immediately, 'How can I apply it in the clinic today?' keywords: aging; applications; bilirubin; biology; body; cancer; disease; doctors; et al; evolutionary; genes; genetic; health; human; life; mechanisms; medicine; nesse; questions; research; resistance; selection; understanding; work cache: cord-282059-sdumq61z.txt plain text: cord-282059-sdumq61z.txt item: #147 of 288 id: cord-282610-zim7nond author: Proal, Amy title: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in the Era of the Human Microbiome: Persistent Pathogens Drive Chronic Symptoms by Interfering With Host Metabolism, Gene Expression, and Immunity date: 2018-12-04 words: 12434 flesch: 33 summary: Pathogens that persist inside human immune cells and associated tunneling nanotubuoles have been particularly hard to detect. Expanding research on the human microbiome now allows ME/CFS-associated pathogens to be studied as interacting members of human microbiome communities. keywords: activity; blood; cells; cfs; chronic; disease; et al; example; expression; gene; gut; host; human; immune; infection; microbes; microbial; microbiome; pathogens; patients; syndrome; viruses cache: cord-282610-zim7nond.txt plain text: cord-282610-zim7nond.txt item: #148 of 288 id: cord-282628-6uoberfu author: Tiwari, Bhagyashree title: Future impacts and trends in treatment of hospital wastewater date: 2020-05-01 words: 5921 flesch: 31 summary: For instance, the outbreak of Nipah virus diseases was occurred due Anaplasma phagocytophilum [7] Buruli ulcers Mycobacterium ulcerans [8] to the extensive deforestation of a forest of Southeast Asia [24] . These fruit bats are natural reservoir (host) of Nipah virus and their migration to cultivable land lead to transmission of Nipah virus disease in farm animals and subsequently in humans [24] . keywords: animals; antibiotics; change; disease; emergence; health; host; human; infection; new; pathogens; phage; resistant; transmission; treatment; virus; viruses cache: cord-282628-6uoberfu.txt plain text: cord-282628-6uoberfu.txt item: #149 of 288 id: cord-282878-8qgsq2km author: Fignani, Daniela title: SARS-CoV-2 receptor Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme type 2 (ACE2) is expressed in human pancreatic β-cells and in the human pancreas microvasculature date: 2020-10-23 words: 7592 flesch: 31 summary: We also identified ACE2 positive cells in the pancreatic ducts, even though only some scattered cells with a clear ACE2 signal were detected (Figure 1, panel-c and -d) . The elaboration process consisted in the comparison between the peak list obtained in silico considering the expected aminoacidic sequence of human ACE2 protein (Uniprot ID: Q9BYF1), trypsin as digestion enzyme and eventual modifications (carbamidomethylation, oxidation, etc.). keywords: ace2; analysis; cells; cov-2; diabetes; endoc; expression; figure; human; infection; insulin; islets; pancreas; protein; sars; βh1 cache: cord-282878-8qgsq2km.txt plain text: cord-282878-8qgsq2km.txt item: #150 of 288 id: cord-282925-efkb8hc7 author: Braidotti, R. title: “We” Are In This Together, But We Are Not One and the Same date: 2020-08-25 words: 3277 flesch: 48 summary: The power of viral formations has become manifest in the pandemic, stressing the agency of non-human forces and the overall importance of Gaia as a living, symbiotic planet. Many lives today are the object of biopower's thanato-politics, doomed to ethnic cleansing or slaughter, to being killed without their killer being held accountable. keywords: humans; life; lives; living; non; posthuman; world cache: cord-282925-efkb8hc7.txt plain text: cord-282925-efkb8hc7.txt item: #151 of 288 id: cord-282965-xguotf4m author: O’Callaghan-Gordo, Cristina title: COVID-19: The Disease of the Anthropocene date: 2020-05-15 words: 1586 flesch: 39 summary: South China Morning Post Human health impacts of ecosystem alteration Human health: ecosystem regulation of infectious diseases Emerging human infectious diseases and the links to global food production Origins of HIV and the AIDS pandemic. Preventing cross-transmission of viruses from non-human animal species to humans becomes another compelling reason to urgently advocate for the preservation of natural ecosystems and stop the massive extinction of endangered species. keywords: diseases; humans; species cache: cord-282965-xguotf4m.txt plain text: cord-282965-xguotf4m.txt item: #152 of 288 id: cord-283152-wav0d0ws author: Patel, Sanjay K. S. title: Deploying Biomolecules as Anti-COVID-19 Agents date: 2020-06-09 words: 3099 flesch: 46 summary: Initially, the screening of COVID-19 infection has done through measurements of temperature and related symptoms. The antibody test targets the production of antibodies such as IgA, IgM, and IgG in response to COVID-19 infection in blood samples, which takes around 14 days after infection or needs to wait for the onset of symptoms. keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; human; infection; sars; transmission cache: cord-283152-wav0d0ws.txt plain text: cord-283152-wav0d0ws.txt item: #153 of 288 id: cord-283339-pbgeoxdu author: Jonsdottir, Hulda R. title: Characterization of Human Coronaviruses on Well-Differentiated Human Airway Epithelial Cell Cultures date: 2014-12-18 words: 2489 flesch: 58 summary: Muc4 and muc5b are strongly induced Mucociliary differentiation of serially passaged normal human tracheobronchial epithelial cells A serum-free method for culturing normal human bronchial epithelial cells at clonal density Well-differentiated human airway epithelial cell cultures Isolation and characterization of current human coronavirus strains in primary human epithelial cell cultures reveal differences in target cell tropism The absorbance of the diluted stock should equal 0.45 (0.045 on a NanoDrop) Dissolve 42 mg ferrous sulfate, 12.2 g magnesium chloride, and 1.62 g calcium chloride-dihydrate in 80 ml H 2 O Ciliogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface Air-liquid interface (ALI) culture of human bronchial epithelial cell monolayers as an in vitro model for airway drug transport studies Differentiation of human alveolar epithelial cells in primary culture: morphological characterization and synthesis of caveolin-1 and surfactant protein-C Culturing the unculturable: human coronavirus HKU1 infects, replicates, and produces progeny virions in human ciliated airway epithelial cell cultures Effi cient replication of the novel human betacoronavirus EMC on primary human epithelium highlights its zoonotic potential Infection of human airway epithelium by human and avian strains of infl uenza a virus Mucin gene expression during differentiation of human airway epithelia in vitro. keywords: cells; human; min; solution cache: cord-283339-pbgeoxdu.txt plain text: cord-283339-pbgeoxdu.txt item: #154 of 288 id: cord-283709-y59h5bw8 author: Chan, Renee W Y title: Tropism and replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus from dromedary camels in the human respiratory tract: an in-vitro and ex-vivo study date: 2014-08-28 words: 4865 flesch: 47 summary: The similarity of virus tropism and replication competence of human and dromedary MERS-CoV from the Arabian peninsula, and genetically diverse dromedary viruses from Egypt, in ex-vivo cultures of the human respiratory tract suggests that dromedary viruses from Saudi Arabia and Egypt are probably infectious to human beings. Full genome sequences of dromedary viruses suggest that these viruses are similar to viruses in humans. keywords: cells; cov; cultures; dromedary; human; infection; mers; virus; viruses cache: cord-283709-y59h5bw8.txt plain text: cord-283709-y59h5bw8.txt item: #155 of 288 id: cord-284711-l1za83w1 author: Anand, Sudhir title: Human security and universal health insurance date: 2011-08-30 words: 1231 flesch: 42 summary: key: cord-284711-l1za83w1 authors: Anand, Sudhir title: Human security and universal health insurance date: 2011-08-30 journal: Lancet DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61148-3 sha: doc_id: 284711 cord_uid: l1za83w1 nan Human security is a multidimensional concept that has been a cornerstone of Japanese development cooperation for more than a decade. 1,2 Three distinct questions arise from the concept of human security. keywords: health; human; person; security cache: cord-284711-l1za83w1.txt plain text: cord-284711-l1za83w1.txt item: #156 of 288 id: cord-284795-0eoyxz78 author: Khetan, Aditya K. title: COVID-19: Why Declining Biodiversity Puts Us at Greater Risk for Emerging Infectious Diseases, and What We Can Do date: 2020-06-25 words: 720 flesch: 51 summary: Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases Human influences on biodiversity Evolution in action: climate change, biodiversity dynamics and emerging infectious disease Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation-Lancet Commission on planetary health Tropical forests were the primary sources of new agricultural land in the 1980s and 1990s Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises But with food, physicians have taken a narrow view in dietary guidelines and focused on isolating the effect of individual foods or nutrients on human health, ignoring the wider ecosystem which our food habits influence, and are, in turn, influenced by. keywords: biodiversity; health cache: cord-284795-0eoyxz78.txt plain text: cord-284795-0eoyxz78.txt item: #157 of 288 id: cord-285656-7o7ofk1e author: Dawson, Harry D. title: The porcine translational research database: a manually curated, genomics and proteomics-based research resource date: 2017-08-22 words: 5701 flesch: 44 summary: This database is the largest manually curated database for any single veterinary species and is unique among porcine gene databases in regard to linking gene expression to gene function, identifying related gene pathways, and connecting data with other porcine gene databases. These sequences represent 6 Zebrafish genes (LOC100003615, LOC447815, LOC108179932, LOC108183883, LOC108183971, and LOC103910681) and are annotated as porcine genes by Ensembl build 10.2 (ENSSSCG00000006223) and NCBI genomes (LOC100739857). keywords: build; database; ensembl; expression; genes; genome; human; mouse; ncbi; pig; pigs; porcine; protein; sequences; species cache: cord-285656-7o7ofk1e.txt plain text: cord-285656-7o7ofk1e.txt item: #158 of 288 id: cord-286368-kdwh4hgf author: Hui, David S.C. title: A clinical approach to the threat of emerging influenza viruses in the Asia‐Pacific region date: 2017-07-05 words: 7715 flesch: 34 summary: However, for some asymptomatic persons in which a substantial unprotected or prolonged exposure to an ill patient with A(H7N9) infection has occurred, initiation of empiric post-exposure antiviral treatment (e.g. oseltamivir 75 mg orally bd for 5 days), on the presumption that influenza virus infection has occurred, may be considered. influenza virus infection, including patients with severe immunosuppression, neonates and infants, pregnant and early post-partum women, elderly adults, persons with co-morbidities and other highly vulnerable patients; or, unprotected healthcare workers, especially those involved in AGP. keywords: a(h5n1; a(h7n9; avian; cases; days; human; infection; influenza; oseltamivir; patients; poultry; risk; treatment; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-286368-kdwh4hgf.txt plain text: cord-286368-kdwh4hgf.txt item: #159 of 288 id: cord-286749-si83t03j author: Lu, Q.-B. title: Epidemic and molecular evolution of human bocavirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection date: 2014-07-29 words: 3318 flesch: 42 summary: Logistic regression models were used to explore the factors associated with higher HBoV-1 detection and to determine the association between clinical characteristics and HBoV-1 infection, with clinical disease as the dependent variable and HBoV-1 infection as the independent variable. In conclusion, our study disclosed the epidemiological and genetic dynamics of HBoV-1 epidemics in southeastern China in the most recent 3 years, the information of which might help to further improve our understanding of HBoV-1 infection and guide better surveillance and control strategies in the future. keywords: analysis; bocavirus; children; china; detection; hbov-1; human; infection cache: cord-286749-si83t03j.txt plain text: cord-286749-si83t03j.txt item: #160 of 288 id: cord-288119-3zq8l5z0 author: Dijkman, Ronald title: Human Coronaviruses 229E and NL63: Close Yet Still So Far date: 2009-04-30 words: 4241 flesch: 46 summary: I Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury Involvement of aminopeptidase N (CD13) in infection of human neural cells by human coronavirus 229E Comparison of multiplex PCR assays and conventional techniques for the diagnostic of respiratory virus infections in children admitted to hospital with an acute respiratory illness Identification of cell lines permissive for human coronavirus NL63 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of human ciliated airway epithelia: role of ciliated cells in viral spread in the conducting airways of the lungs Development of a transgenic mouse model susceptible to human coronavirus 229E Studying human pathogens in animal models: fine tuning the humanized mouse Cells of human aminopeptidase N (CD13) transgenic mice are infected by human coronavirus-229E in vitro, but not in vivo Human Coronavirus-NL63 infections in Korean children New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia Human coronavirus NL63 infection in Canada Frequent detection of human coronaviruses in clinical specimens from patients with respiratory tract infection by use of a novel real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Human coronavirus NL63 and 229E seroconversion in children Seroepidemiology of group I human coronaviruses in children Human respiratory coronavirus HKU1 versus other coronavirus infections in Italian hospitalised patients Human (non-severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus infections in hospitalised children in France Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63 The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Effects of a new human respiratory virus in volunteers Isolation from man of avian infectious bronchitis virus-like viruses (coronaviruses) similar to 229E virus, with some epidemiological observations Clinical manifestations of human coronavirus NL63 infection in children in Taiwan The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children Association between a novel human coronavirus and Kawasaki Disease Kawasaki syndrome Lack of association between infection with a novel human coronavirus (HCoV), HCoV-NH, and Kawasaki Disease in Taiwan Blinded case-control study of the relationship between human coronavirus NL63 and Kawasaki syndrome Human coronavirus-NL63 infection is not associated with acute Kawasaki disease Human coronavirus NL63 is not detected in the respiratory tracts of children with acute Kawasaki Disease Lack of association between New Haven coronavirus and Kawasaki disease Two coronaviruses isolated from central nervous system tissue of two multiple sclerosis patients Detection of coronavirus RNA and antigen in multiple sclerosis brain Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses Coronaviruses in brain tissue from patients with multiple sclerosis Inhibition of HCoV-NL63 infection at early stages of the replication cycle Community-wide outbreak of infection with a 229E-like coronavirus in Tecumseh, Michigan Efficacy of various intravenous immunoglobulin therapy protocols in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders Pathogenic viruses: smart manipulators of the interferon system Rapid identification of coronavirus replicase inhibitors using a selectable replicon RNA The efficacy and tolerance of intranasal interferons: studies at the Common Cold Unit RNA interference against viruses: strike and counterstrike The molecular genetics of feline coronaviruses: comparative sequence analysis of the ORF7a/7b transcription unit of different biotypes Live, attenuated coronavirus vaccines through the directed deletion of groupspecific genes provide protection against feline infectious peritonitis Differentiation of a Vero cell adapted porcine epidemic diarrhea virus from Korean field strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of ORF 3 Efficacy of a transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus with an altered ORF-3 gene Human coronavirus 229E encodes a single ORF4 protein between the spike and the envelope genes Infectious RNA transcribed in vitro from a cDNA copy of the human coronavirus genome cloned in vaccinia virus Analysis of human coronavirus 229E spike and nucleoprotein genes demonstrates genetic drift between chronologically distinct strains Mosaic structure of human coronavirus NL63, one thousand years of evolution Characterization of HCoV-229E fusion core: implications for structure basis of coronavirus membrane fusion Core structure of S2 from the human coronavirus NL63 spike glycoprotein Molecular characterization of human coronavirus NL63 Highly conserved regions within the spike proteins of human coronaviruses 229E and NL63 determine recognition of their respective cellular receptors Identification of residues in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of human coronavirus NL63 that are critical for the RBD-ACE2 receptor interaction Identification of a receptor-binding domain of the spike glycoprotein of human coronavirus HCoV-229E Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a receptor for human respiratory coronavirus NL63 Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry Characterization of functional domains in the human coronavirus HCV 229E receptor Human coronavirus 229E infects polarized airway epithelia from the apical surface The moonlighting enzyme CD13: old and new functions to target Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. keywords: children; coronavirus; group; hcov; hcov-229e; human; infection; nl63; receptor; viruses cache: cord-288119-3zq8l5z0.txt plain text: cord-288119-3zq8l5z0.txt item: #161 of 288 id: cord-289003-vov6o1jx author: Burdet, C. title: Need for integrative thinking to fight against emerging infectious diseases. Proceedings of the 5th seminar on emerging infectious diseases, March 22, 2016 – current trends and proposals date: 2018-02-28 words: 8328 flesch: 44 summary: vov6o1jx Abstract We present here the proceedings of the 5th seminar on emerging infectious diseases, held in Paris on March 22nd, 2016, with seven priority proposals that can be outlined as follows: encourage research on the prediction, screening and early detection of new risks of infection; develop research and surveillance concerning transmission of pathogens between animals and humans, with their reinforcement in particular in intertropical areas (“hot-spots”) via public support; pursue aid development and support in these areas of prevention and training for local health personnel, and foster risk awareness in the population; ensure adapted patient care in order to promote adherence to treatment and to epidemic propagation reduction measures; develop greater awareness and better education among politicians and healthcare providers, in order to ensure more adapted response to new types of crises; modify the logic of governance, drawing from all available modes of communication and incorporating new information-sharing tools; develop economic research on the fight against emerging infectious diseases, taking into account specific driving factors in order to create a balance between preventive and curative approaches. Seven priority proposals can be outlined as follows: encourage research on the prediction, screening and early detection of new risks of infection; develop research and surveillance concerning transmission of pathogens between animals and humans, with their reinforcement in particular in intertropical areas ('hot-spots') thanks to public support; pursue aid development and support in these areas of prevention and training for local health personnel, and to foster risk awareness in the population; ensure adapted patient care in order to promote adherence to treatment and to epidemic propagation reduction measures; develop greater sensitization and training among politicians and healthcare providers, in order to better prepare them to respond to new types of crises; modify the logic of governance, drawing from all available modes of communication and incorporating new information-sharing tools; develop economic research on the fight against EIDs, taking into account specific determining factors in order to create a balance between preventive and treatment approaches. keywords: animal; areas; case; cov; emergence; epidemic; health; healthcare; human; management; public; risk; state; transmission; virus cache: cord-289003-vov6o1jx.txt plain text: cord-289003-vov6o1jx.txt item: #162 of 288 id: cord-289626-8oldaa8i author: Murray, Kris A. title: Pathogeography: leveraging the biogeography of human infectious diseases for global health management date: 2018-04-19 words: 10517 flesch: 19 summary: key: cord-289626-8oldaa8i authors: Murray, Kris A.; Olivero, Jesús; Roche, Benjamin; Tiedt, Sonia; Guégan, Jean‐Francois title: Pathogeography: leveraging the biogeography of human infectious diseases for global health management date: 2018-04-19 journal: Ecography (Cop.) Here we review the theory and application of biogeography to the research and management of human infectious diseases, an integration we refer to as ‘pathogeography’. keywords: analysis; biogeography; data; diseases; distributions; diversity; e.g.; ebola; environmental; et al; fig; global; health; human; mapping; occurrence; pathogen; patterns; potential; scale; species; transmission cache: cord-289626-8oldaa8i.txt plain text: cord-289626-8oldaa8i.txt item: #163 of 288 id: cord-290548-0wezrr1b author: Watanabe, Tokiko title: Villains or heroes? The raison d'être of viruses date: 2020-02-19 words: 2920 flesch: 34 summary: However, the relationships between hosts and viruses are various and virus infections do not necessarily cause diseases in their hosts. Yet, these negative aspects of viruses do not tell the whole story since the relationships between hosts and viruses are multitudinous, and virus infections do not necessarily lead to disease symptoms in hosts. keywords: diseases; global; hosts; human; infection; studies; virology; viruses cache: cord-290548-0wezrr1b.txt plain text: cord-290548-0wezrr1b.txt item: #164 of 288 id: cord-291909-x0sfwqnk author: Butler, Colin D. title: Environmental Health, Planetary Boundaries and Limits to Growth date: 2019-09-12 words: 7950 flesch: 45 summary: This entry has reviewed the issue of Limits to Growth, its more modern formulation as Planetary Boundaries and the relevance of both concepts to global population health. CFCs, by harming the stratospheric ozone layer, clearly impinge on an Earth System function (and thus indirectly on human environmental health); the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer causes UV light to reach the earth's surface to a greater extent than prior to the widespread use of CFCs, leading to the potential for an increased incidence of skin cancer, ocular problems and immunosuppression. keywords: biodiversity; change; climate; decline; diseases; earth; energy; entities; food; growth; health; human; land; ltg; novel; population; services; system; world cache: cord-291909-x0sfwqnk.txt plain text: cord-291909-x0sfwqnk.txt item: #165 of 288 id: cord-292075-t9z7zqz4 author: Gessain, Antoine title: Mécanismes d’émergence virale et transmission interespèces : l’exemple des rétrovirus Foamy simiens chezl’Homme en Afrique Centrale date: 2013-12-31 words: 2162 flesch: 37 summary: Current topics in microbiology and immunology Molecular ecology and natural history of simian foamy virus infection in wild-living chimpanzees Modes of transmission and genetic diversity of foamy viruses in a Macaca tonkeana colony Two distinct variants of simian foamy virus in naturally infected mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) and cross-species transmission to humans Replication in a superficial epithelial cell niche explains the lack of pathogenicity of primate foamy virus infections Sites of simian foamy virus persistence in naturally infected African green monkeys, latent provirus is ubiquitous, whereas viral replication is restricted to the oral mucosa A. -A new human virus in cultures from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma Simian retroviruses in African apes Historical perspective of foamy virus epidemiology and infection -Markers of foamy virus infections in monkeys, apes, and accidentally infected humans: appropriate testing fails to confirm suspected foamy virus prevalence in humans Simian foamy virus isolated from an accidentally infected human individual Identification of a human population infected with simian foamy viruses -Cross-species retroviral transmission from macaques to human beings Frequent simian foamy virus infection in persons occupationally exposed to nonhuman primates Simian foamy virus prevalence in Macaca mulatta and zookeepers -Naturally acquired simian retrovirus infections in central African hunters Frequent and recent human acquisition of simian foamy viruses through apes' bites in central Africa Natural simian foamy virus infection in wildcaught gorillas, mandrills and drills from Cameroon and Gabon Detection and molecular characterization of foamy viruses in Central African chimpanzees of the Pan troglodytes troglodytes and Pan troglodytes vellerosus subspecies Cross-species transmission of simian foamy virus to humans in rural Gabon, Central Africa Froment A. -Simian foamy virus transmission from apes to humans, rural Cameroon HTLV-3/4 and simian foamy retroviruses in humans: discovery, epidemiology, cross-species transmission and molecular virology A. -Primate-to-human retroviral transmission in Asia A. -Diverse contexts of zoonotic transmission of simian foamy viruses in Asia Zoonotic simian foamy virus in Bangladesh reflects diverse patterns of transmission and co-infection Temple monkeys and health implications of commensalism Viral latency in blood and saliva of simian foamy virusinfected humans These populations are living nearby the habitats of several monkeys and apes, often naturally infected by different retroviruses including SIV, STLV and simian foamy virus. keywords: des; foamy; humans; les; simian; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-292075-t9z7zqz4.txt plain text: cord-292075-t9z7zqz4.txt item: #166 of 288 id: cord-293143-1k170shh author: Dieninghoff, Doris title: Fatal HBoV-1 infection in adult female cystic fibrosis patient date: 2016-07-18 words: 1752 flesch: 42 summary: Speculations on the importance of an episomal genomic form of human bocavirus Comparison of tissue distribution, persistence, and molecular epidemiology of parvovirus B19 and novel human parvoviruses PARV4 and human bocavirus Persistence of human bocavirus DNA in immunocompromised children The human bocavirus is associated with some lung and colorectal cancers and persists in solid tumors Bocavirus episome in infected human tissue contains non-identical termini Human bocavirus 1 infects commercially available primary human airway epithelium cultures productively Detection of head-to-tail DNA sequences of human bocavirus in clinical samples Latent infection of Human Bocavirus accompanied by flare of chronic cough, fatigue, and episodes of viral replication in an immunocompetent adult patient Establishment of a reverse genetics system for studying human bocavirus in human airway epithelia Human bocavirus can be cultured in differentiated human airway epithelial cells Replication of an autonomous human parvovirus in non-dividing human airway epithelium is facilitated through the DNA damage and repair pathways In vitro modeling of human bocavirus 1 infection of polarized primary human airway epithelia Development of cystic fibrosis and noncystic fibrosis airway cell lines Detection of HBoV DNA in idiopathic lung fibrosis Acute human bocavirus infection in MDS patient Case report: Human bocavirus associated pneumonia as cause of acute injury, Cologne Low copy number detection of HBoV DNA in BAL of asymptomatic adult patients Human bocavirus in an immunocompromised child presenting with severe diarrhea New molecular approaches in the diagnosis of acute diarrhea: The human bocavirus is associated with some lung and colorectal cancers and persists in solid tumors Screening of human bocavirus in surgically excised cancer specimens Human bocavirus 1 primary infection and shedding in infants Community surveillance of respiratory viruses among families in the Utah better identification of germs-longitudinal viral epidemiology (BIG-LoVE) study Respiratory infections with human bocavirus keywords: bocavirus; hbov; human; infection; patient cache: cord-293143-1k170shh.txt plain text: cord-293143-1k170shh.txt item: #167 of 288 id: cord-293938-40zyv1h8 author: Jonsdottir, Hulda R. title: Coronaviruses and the human airway: a universal system for virus-host interaction studies date: 2016-02-06 words: 5536 flesch: 34 summary: Tracheobronchial HAE cultures recapitulate the primary entry point of human respiratory viruses while the alveolar model allows for elucidation of mechanisms involved in viral infection and pathogenesis in the alveoli. This model is a universal platform to study human respiratory viruses [67] keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov; cultures; disease; hcov; human; mers; respiratory; sars; syndrome; viruses cache: cord-293938-40zyv1h8.txt plain text: cord-293938-40zyv1h8.txt item: #168 of 288 id: cord-294812-nnlzwaf1 author: Desforges, Marc title: Neuroinvasive and Neurotropic Human Respiratory Coronaviruses: Potential Neurovirulent Agents in Humans date: 2014-03-12 words: 7103 flesch: 33 summary: The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses New respiratory viral infections Viral infections in immunocompromised patients: what's new with respiratory viruses? Viruses associated with pneumonia in adults Emerging respiratory agents: new viruses for old diseases? Epidemiology of acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system Inflammation in neuroviral diseases Viral encephalitis: familiar infections and emerging pathogens Overview, prevention, and treatment of rabies HSV-induced apoptosis in herpes encephalitis Emerging flaviviruses: the spread and resurgence of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and dengue viruses Cell death in HIV dementia Human polyomavirus JCV and expression of myelin genes Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Molecular mechanisms of measles virus persistence The risk of development of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis among persons infected with HTLV-I Infiltration of the brain by pathogens causes Alzheimer's disease Respiratory syncytial virus epidemics: the ups and downs of a seasonal virus Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in children with seizures from respiratory syncytial virus infection Detection of subgroup B respiratory syncytial virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia Classification of acute encephalopathy in respiratory syncytial virus infection Neurological complications of respiratory syncytial virus infection: case series and review of literature Impaired learning resulting from respiratory syncytial virus infection Blue moon neurovirology: the merits of studying rare CNS diseases of viral origin Human paramyxoviruses and infections of the central nervous system Pathogenesis of Hendra and Nipah virus infection in humans Emerging epidemic viral encephalitides with a special focus on henipaviruses Rapid Nipah virus entry into the central nervous system of hamsters via the olfactory route Influenza virus and CNS infections Pathogenesis of influenza virus infections: the good, the bad and the ugly Clinical features of influenza C virus infection in children Study of influenza C virus infection in France Interspecies transmission, adaptation to humans and pathogenicity of animal influenza viruses Viral parkinsonism Acute encephalopathy and encephalitis caused by influenza virus infection Role of viral infections in the etiology of febrile seizures Influenza-associated central nervous system dysfunction: a literature review Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with influenza A H1N1 infection Influenza A virus infection causes alterations in expression of synaptic regulatory genes combined with changes in cognitive and emotional behaviors in mice Influenza infection induces neuroinflammation, alters hippocampal neuron morphology, and impairs cognition in adult mice Human coronaviruses Viral-induced neurodegenerative disease Coronaviruses in poultry and other birds Coronaviruses as Encephalitisinducing infectious agents. Furthermore, it was shown that in the murine CNS, neurons are the main target of infection, which causes these essential cells to undergo degeneration and eventually die by some form of programmed cell death after virus infection. keywords: acute; associated; cell; cns; coronavirus; disease; hcov; human; infection; oc43; respiratory; sars; virus; viruses cache: cord-294812-nnlzwaf1.txt plain text: cord-294812-nnlzwaf1.txt item: #169 of 288 id: cord-295194-xbla6tu7 author: Stripecke, Renata title: Innovations, challenges, and minimal information for standardization of humanized mice date: 2020-06-24 words: 9908 flesch: 28 summary: Humanized mouse models result from the sum of several components: choice and availability of human donors, human cells or tissues, mouse recipient, types of manipulations, human infections, and human tumor types. Suppression of tumor growth with pembrolizumab only occurred in mice co-engrafted with human immune cells and the response was abrogated when mice were pretreated with anti-human CD8 mAb to deplete human CD8 + T cells, demonstrating human CD8 + T cells mediated the effector response following release from checkpoint inhibition. keywords: cancer; cells; development; engraftment; et al; hiv; human; immune; infection; liver; mice; models; mouse; pdx; responses; specific; stem; studies; tissues; tumor; virus cache: cord-295194-xbla6tu7.txt plain text: cord-295194-xbla6tu7.txt item: #170 of 288 id: cord-296863-xu0h92ac author: Berlinguer, Giovanni title: Bioethics, health, and inequality date: 2004-09-17 words: 4326 flesch: 44 summary: The future of health, health policies, and health equity is strictly connected to the resolution of these contradictions. Very few raised two general questions: what else can we expect for world health from potential climate change, and what should we do about present and future risks? At the end of the 1990s, new political and moral trends began to emerge in the world, and new emphasis was given to health and equity in health. keywords: bioethics; care; countries; health; human; life; nations; people; rights; world cache: cord-296863-xu0h92ac.txt plain text: cord-296863-xu0h92ac.txt item: #171 of 288 id: cord-297216-1b99hm1e author: Sariola, Salla title: Toward a Symbiotic Perspective on Public Health: Recognizing the Ambivalence of Microbes in the Anthropocene date: 2020-05-16 words: 9374 flesch: 37 summary: In a global perspective, public health has played major roles in structuring how microbes are perceived, cultivated, and destroyed. We propose a perspective on public health that recognizes microbial evolution through symbiotic associations (the hologenome theory) and through lateral gene transfer. keywords: antibiotics; bacteria; care; coral; development; genes; gut; health; holobiont; human; immune; microbes; microbial; microbiota; people; precision; resistance; species; symbiosis; symbiotic; system; use cache: cord-297216-1b99hm1e.txt plain text: cord-297216-1b99hm1e.txt item: #172 of 288 id: cord-297579-ohpm5ys0 author: Netzler, Natalie E. title: Norovirus antivirals: Where are we now? date: 2018-12-25 words: 6479 flesch: 19 summary: Curcumin shows antiviral properties against norovirus Antiviral effect of vitamin A on norovirus infection via modulation of the gut microbiome Potential therapeutic agents for feline calicivirus infection Opposing effects of nitazoxanide on murine and human norovirus Nitazoxanide inhibits human norovirus replication and synergizes with ribavirin by activation of cellular antiviral response Nitazoxanide: a new thiazolide antiparasitic agent Nitazoxanide: a first-in-class broad-spectrum antiviral agent Nitazoxanide in the treatment of viral gastroenteritis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial Norovirus gastroenteritis successfully treated with nitazoxanide Successful treatment of chronic norovirus gastroenteritis with nitazoxanide in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient Chronic diarrhea associated with persistent norovirus excretion in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: report of two cases Chronic norovirus infections in cardiac transplant patients: considerations for evaluation and management Nitazoxanide is an ineffective treatment of chronic norovirus in patients with x-linked agammaglobulinemia and may yield false-negative polymerase chain reaction findings in stool specimens Prolonged norovirus infection after pancreas transplantation: a case report and review of chronic norovirus Her project focuses on identifying antiviral compounds for norovirus and other caliciviruses. Nonnucleoside inhibitors of norovirus RNA polymerase: scaffolds for rational drug design Broad-spectrum antivirals against 3C or 3C-like proteases of picornaviruses, noroviruses, and coronaviruses A fluorescence-based high-throughput screen to identify small compound inhibitors of the genotype 3a hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase In silico screening for human norovirus antivirals reveals a novel non-nucleoside inhibitor of the viral polymerase Model systems for the study of human norovirus Biology STAT1-dependent innate immunity to a Norwalk-like virus Replication of norovirus in cell culture reveals a tropism for dendritic cells and macrophages Characterization of ozone disinfection of murine norovirus Comparison of chlorine and peroxyacetic-based disinfectant to inactivate Feline calicivirus, Murine norovirus and Hepatitis A virus on lettuce Disinfection kinetics of murine norovirus using chlorine and chlorine dioxide Recovery of genetically defined murine norovirus in tissue culture by using a fowlpox virus expressing T7 RNA polymerase Development of an optimized RNA-based murine norovirus reverse genetics system Chimpanzees as an animal model for human norovirus infection and vaccine development Experimental infection of Macaca nemestrina with a Toronto Norwalk-like virus of epidemic viral gastroenteritis Experimental norovirus infections in non-human primates Pathogenesis of a genogroup II human norovirus in gnotobiotic pigs keywords: activity; antiviral; cell; compounds; culture; development; human; infection; inhibition; inhibitors; norovirus; norwalk; polymerase; protease; replication; rna; studies; treatment cache: cord-297579-ohpm5ys0.txt plain text: cord-297579-ohpm5ys0.txt item: #173 of 288 id: cord-298301-p1zj6jg9 author: Dey, Lopamudra title: Machine Learning Techniques for Sequence-based Prediction of Viral-Host Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and Human Proteins date: 2020-09-03 words: 6310 flesch: 46 summary: Choosing negative examples for the prediction of protein-protein interactions Prediction of interactions between viral and host proteins using supervised machine learning methods Sequence-based prediction of protein protein interaction using a deep-learning algorithm Human protein reference database-2009 update A human functional protein interaction network and its application to cancer data analysis Supervised classification algorithms in machine learning: A survey and review. We found a large number of predicted human proteins interact with more than one virus. keywords: amino; classifier; coronavirus; covid-19; dataset; features; human; interactions; learning; machine; prediction; proteins; sars; virus cache: cord-298301-p1zj6jg9.txt plain text: cord-298301-p1zj6jg9.txt item: #174 of 288 id: cord-298369-66ifwtlp author: Smith, Sherri A. title: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations for Drugs Binding to Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein date: 2018-12-28 words: 10732 flesch: 37 summary: In human AAG levels are lower in the pregnant female and continue to decline throughout pregnancy until birth when they begin to climb back to pre-pregnancy values (53, 56, 57) . In the chronic, accelerated, and blast crisis phases of disease, 33, 83 and 75% of these patients, respectively, were increasingly likely to have higher AAG levels. keywords: aag; acid; affinity; albumin; alpha; binding; blood; drug; fold; free; glycoprotein; high; human; levels; plasma; serum; species; vismodegib cache: cord-298369-66ifwtlp.txt plain text: cord-298369-66ifwtlp.txt item: #175 of 288 id: cord-299315-s43gw24k author: Capps, Benjamin title: One Health, Vaccines and Ebola: The Opportunities for Shared Benefits date: 2015-09-16 words: 10084 flesch: 43 summary: We argue that, along with efforts to test Ebola vaccines in humans, existing vaccines that have been proven safe and efficacious in primates should already be deployed in order to protect both species. Currently, several types of Ebola vaccines have been proven effective and safe in primates, but none has been approved in humans yet (see below). keywords: animals; approach; benefit; ebola; et al; health; human; immunity; populations; primates; research; risk; species; trials; vaccine; virus cache: cord-299315-s43gw24k.txt plain text: cord-299315-s43gw24k.txt item: #176 of 288 id: cord-299733-4mpz5l9e author: Mitchell, William M. title: Discordant Biological and Toxicological Species Responses to TLR3 Activation date: 2014-04-30 words: 6198 flesch: 38 summary: 16 The X-ray crystallographic structure of the mouse TLR3 dimer/biol-dsRNA complex and the human TLR3 monomer provided the coordinates for the model of human TLR3, with rintatolimod bound to its active site. In addition to the primary sequence differences between rodents and primates illustrated in Table 7 , rodent and human TLR3 gene structures are remarkably dissimilar in the proximal promoter domains, as well as TLR3 isoforms. keywords: cells; cytokine; dose; dsrna; human; monkey; myd88; poly; rat; responses; rintatolimod; species; tlr3; toll; toxicity cache: cord-299733-4mpz5l9e.txt plain text: cord-299733-4mpz5l9e.txt item: #177 of 288 id: cord-300301-7amiljnm author: Clements, Bruce W. title: Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease Threats date: 2016-03-04 words: 6536 flesch: 45 summary: Institute of Medicine Human ebola outbreak resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Democratic Republic of Congo Monitoring EU emerging infectious disease risk due to climate change Multistate point-prevalence survey of health careassociated infections Bats, emerging virus infections and the rabies paradigm Measles Cases Linked to Disneyland Rise, and Debate Over Vaccinations Intensifies Tracking the roots of a killer Possible role of an animal vector in the SARS outbreak at Amoy Gardens Climate, environmental and socio-economic change: weighing up the balance in vector-borne disease transmission Risk management of febrile respiratory illness in emergency departments West Nile virus in the United States-a historical perspective Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone injections The Mosquito Solution Risk factors for human disease emergence. • Discuss the impact of emerging infectious diseases on public health preparedness. keywords: cases; control; disease; health; healthcare; human; influenza; measures; new; novel; outbreak; people; transmission; virus; west cache: cord-300301-7amiljnm.txt plain text: cord-300301-7amiljnm.txt item: #178 of 288 id: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm author: Weiss, Robin A title: Social and environmental risk factors in the emergence of infectious diseases date: 2004 words: 5855 flesch: 41 summary: A better understanding of the evolving social dynamics of emerging infectious diseases ought to help us to anticipate and hopefully ameliorate current and future risks. Emerging infectious diseases in humans comprise the following: first, established diseases undergoing increased incidence or geographic spread, for example, Tuberculosis and Dengue fever; second, newly discovered infections causing known diseases, for example, hepatitis C and Helicobacter pylori; and third, newly emerged diseases, for example, HIV/AIDS and SARS. keywords: aids; disease; emergence; hiv; human; infections; influenza; new; sars; species; spread; transmission; tuberculosis; virus; years cache: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm.txt plain text: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm.txt item: #179 of 288 id: cord-300969-a3zcggf2 author: Antolin, Michael F. title: EVOLUTION AND MEDICINE IN UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION: A PRESCRIPTION FOR ALL BIOLOGY STUDENTS date: 2012-02-06 words: 10214 flesch: 28 summary: Here, we frame key evolutionary concepts in terms of human health, so that biomedical examples may be more easily incorporated into evolution courses or more specialized courses on evolutionary medicine. Our message is that evolutionary medicine is an exciting and useful field that many of our students will need to understand and will find engaging, and that evolutionary biologists can actively connect evolutionary biology and the biomedical sciences. keywords: antibiotic; biologists; biology; cancer; disease; et al; evolution; genes; health; history; human; life; medical; medicine; nesse; populations; resistance; selection; students; variation; williams cache: cord-300969-a3zcggf2.txt plain text: cord-300969-a3zcggf2.txt item: #180 of 288 id: cord-301328-13adnvav author: Lowenthal, John title: Overview of the CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory date: 2016-04-24 words: 1656 flesch: 41 summary: However, for many zoonotic pathogens, there are differences in the symptoms of the disease between the natural reservoir animal host (such as a bat or bird) and human hosts. For example, we are using bats to study several emerging viruses such as Hendra virus, and ferrets, which are widely accepted as an excellent model for influenza infection; they are naturally susceptible to infection with human influenza viruses and the disease pathology they develop resembles that of humans infected with influenza. keywords: animal; disease; health; human; virus cache: cord-301328-13adnvav.txt plain text: cord-301328-13adnvav.txt item: #181 of 288 id: cord-301537-uu2aykoy author: Johnston Largen, Kristin title: Two things can be true at once: Surviving Covid‐19 date: 2020-05-27 words: 24007 flesch: 64 summary: Under my father's tutelage on those trips, I came to affectionately know many trees, the majestic redwoods of California, for example, or the effervescent quaking aspens of Utah. In conclusion, I want to underline one further groundshift that I have already mentioned: many seminarians, many church leaders in training, are now second-, third-, fourthcareer students. keywords: christ; church; climate; communion; community; crisis; faith; god; gospel; human; life; luther; lutheran; means; nature; need; new; people; present; sacrament; social; theology; time; trees; way; work; world; worship; years cache: cord-301537-uu2aykoy.txt plain text: cord-301537-uu2aykoy.txt item: #182 of 288 id: cord-301856-71syce4n author: Domínguez-Andrés, Jorge title: Impact of Historic Migrations and Evolutionary Processes on Human Immunity date: 2019-11-27 words: 8211 flesch: 26 summary: Genetic variants conferring resistance to the disease have spread through human populations over time, including several abnormal hemoglobins that protect against malaria but usually cause erythrocyte-associated diseases in the populations where these adaptations are prevalent. To assign changes in the genetic landscape of human populations to certain diseases is an extraordinary challenge. keywords: african; diseases; european; evolution; genes; genetic; human; immune; individuals; infection; malaria; pathogens; populations; pressure; responses; selection; variants cache: cord-301856-71syce4n.txt plain text: cord-301856-71syce4n.txt item: #183 of 288 id: cord-301935-0qjo94ty author: Varma, Ratna title: Current strategies and opportunities to manufacture cells for modeling human lungs date: 2020-08-22 words: 10328 flesch: 27 summary: Studies exploiting PSC-derived lung culture models to explore the effect of drugs in human lung cells are therefore beginning to emerge. Directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells is an important strategy to generate lung cells to create such models. keywords: airway; branching; cells; culture; development; differentiation; embryonic; epithelial; fate; fibrosis; human; lung; models; morphogenesis; mouse; organoids; populations; protocols; proximal; psc; signaling; stem cache: cord-301935-0qjo94ty.txt plain text: cord-301935-0qjo94ty.txt item: #184 of 288 id: cord-302222-9ad0fw6z author: Monath, Thomas P. title: Vaccines against diseases transmitted from animals to humans: A one health paradigm date: 2013-11-04 words: 15731 flesch: 35 summary: The complexity, timeline, and cost of development of animal vaccines and the regulatory hurdles for product approval are far less than for human vaccines. As mentioned above, the regulatory pathway for animal vaccines is considerably simpler than for human vaccines [201] . keywords: animals; control; development; disease; encephalitis; equine; fever; health; horses; human; immunization; infection; live; livestock; lyme; nile; oral; rabies; rift; transmission; use; vaccination; vaccine; valley; valley fever; veterinary; virus; west; wild; zoonotic cache: cord-302222-9ad0fw6z.txt plain text: cord-302222-9ad0fw6z.txt item: #185 of 288 id: cord-302918-0nk7zyod author: Broor, S. title: Human metapneumovirus: a new respiratory pathogen date: 2008-11-01 words: 6071 flesch: 33 summary: The clinical characteristics of hMPV infections are not distinctive, thus, differentiating it from other respiratory viruses on clinical grounds is not possible (Stockton et al 2002) . Hoarseness has also been observed more frequently in hMPV infection as compared to RSV (Falsey et al 2003) . keywords: children; den; et al; gene; hmpv; human; infection; metapneumovirus; protein; respiratory; rsv; tract cache: cord-302918-0nk7zyod.txt plain text: cord-302918-0nk7zyod.txt item: #186 of 288 id: cord-304073-f3iwclkm author: Mullick, Jhinuk Basu title: Animal Models to Study Emerging Technologies Against SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-07-27 words: 5323 flesch: 42 summary: Having anatomical and physiological similarity with the human respiratory system, ferrets (Mustula putorius furo) have previously been used for studying SARS infection. The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME) has recently started re-producing the K18-hACE2 strain used to study SARS infection, 55 although systemic damage and neuroinflammation still did not represent the human clinical profile. keywords: animal; cats; cov-2; covid-19; human; infection; mice; model; sars; studies; study; transmission cache: cord-304073-f3iwclkm.txt plain text: cord-304073-f3iwclkm.txt item: #187 of 288 id: cord-305302-go87uu06 author: Gessain, Antoine title: Editorial overview: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission date: 2015-02-28 words: 2484 flesch: 38 summary: Interspecies transmission is also considered as a first step in plant virus emergence. As Marilyn Roossinck and Fernando García-Arenal review here, the few recent studies available point to a role of ecosystem simplification in plant virus emergence. keywords: emergence; host; human; plant; species; transmission; viruses cache: cord-305302-go87uu06.txt plain text: cord-305302-go87uu06.txt item: #188 of 288 id: cord-305318-cont592g author: Lancaster, Madeline A. title: Disease modelling in human organoids date: 2019-07-01 words: 10874 flesch: 27 summary: CRISPR/Cas 9 genome editing and its applications in organoids Sequential cancer mutations in cultured human intestinal stem cells Use of Crisprmodified human stem cell organoids to study the origin of mutational signatures in cancer Disease modeling in stem cell-derived 3D organoid systems In vitro generation of human pluripotent stem cell derived lung organoids A bioengineered niche promotes in vivo engraftment and maturation of pluripotent stem cell derived human lung organoids Self-organized formation of polarized cortical tissues from ESCs and its active manipulation by extrinsic signals Self-organizing optic-cup morphogenesis in three-dimensional culture Replication of human noroviruses in stem cell-derived human enteroids Organoid cultures derived from patients with advanced prostate cancer Zika virus impairs growth in human neurospheres and brain organoids Systematic identification of genomic markers of drug sensitivity in cancer cells Artificial three-dimensional niches deconstruct pancreas development in vitro Isolation, immortalization, and characterization of a human breast epithelial cell line with stem cell properties Lumen formation by epithelial cell lines in response to collagen overlay: a morphogenetic model in culture The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains Modelling Cryptosporidium infection in human small intestinal and lung organoids Patient-derived xenograft models: an emerging platform for translational cancer research Flowenhanced vascularization and maturation of kidney organoids in vitro Long-term expansion of functional mouse and human hepatocytes as 3D organoids A threedimensional organoid culture system derived from human glioblastomas recapitulates the hypoxic gradients and cancer stem cell heterogeneity of tumors found in vivo Modeling mouse and human development using organoid cultures Unlimited in vitro expansion of adult bi-potent pancreas progenitors through the Lgr5/Rspondin axis In vitro expansion of single Lgr5+ liver stem cells induced by Wnt-driven regeneration Long-term culture of genome-stable bipotent stem cells from adult human liver From 3D cell culture to organson-chips The secret lives of cancer cell lines An organoid-based model of cortical development identifies non-cell-autonomous defects in Wnt signaling contributing to Miller-Dieker syndrome Midbrain-like organoids from human pluripotent stem cells contain functional dopaminergic and neuromelaninproducing neurons Isolation and in vitro expansion of human colonic stem cells Self-organization of axial polarity, inside-out layer pattern, and species-specific progenitor dynamics in human ES cell-derived neocortex Three-dimensional cellular development is essential for ex vivo formation of human bone Identification of multipotent luminal progenitor cells in human prostate organoid cultures Human brain organoids on a chip reveal the physics of folding The Notch and Wnt pathways regulate stemness and differentiation in human fallopian tube organoids Organ/body-on-a-chip based on microfluidic technology for drug discovery Engineering induction of singular neural rosette emergence within HPSC-derived tissues Generation of inner ear organoids containing functional hair cells from human pluripotent stem cells Long-term adult feline liver organoid cultures for disease modeling of hepatic steatosis Development of definitive endoderm from embryonic stem cells in culture Generation and characterization of rat liver stem cell lines and their engraftment in a rat model of liver failure Regeneration of thyroid function by transplantation of differentiated pluripotent stem cells Organogenesis in a dish: modeling development and disease using organoid technologies Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly Guided selforganization and cortical plate formation in human brain organoids Stem cellderived models of viral infections in the gastrointestinal tract Recruited monocytes and type 2 immunity promote lung regeneration following pneumonectomy Lung stem cell differentiation in mice directed by endothelial cells via a BMP4-NFATc1-thrombospondin-1 axis Tumor evolution and drug response in patient-derived organoid models of bladder cancer Influence of a reconstituted basement membrane and its components on casein gene expression and secretion in mouse mammary epithelial cells Oncogenic transformation of diverse gastrointestinal tissues in primary organoid culture 25-hydroxycholesterol protects host against Zika virus infection and its associated microcephaly in a mouse model Organoid cultures recapitulate esophageal adenocarcinoma heterogeneity providing a model for clonality studies and precision therapeutics Quantification of regenerative potential in primary human mammary epithelial cells Understanding kidney morphogenesis to guide renal tissue regeneration Expansion of adult human pancreatic tissue yields organoids harboring progenitor cells with endocrine differentiation potential Long-term in vitro expansion of salivary gland stem cells driven by Wnt signals Growth in culture of trypsin dissociated thyroid cells from adult rats An in vivo model of functional and vascularized human brain organoids Modeling human cortical development in vitro using induced pluripotent stem cells FOXG1-dependent dysregulation of GABA/glutamate neuron differentiation in autism spectrum disorders Modeling colorectal cancer using Crispr-Cas9-mediated engineering of human intestinal organoids Modelling human development and disease in pluripotent stem-cellderived gastric organoids Wnt/betacatenin promotes gastric fundus specification in mice and humans Histological organization in hepatocyte organoid cultures Dual SMAD signaling inhibition enables long-term expansion of diverse epithelial basal cells Self-organization of polarized cerebellar tissue in 3D culture of human pluripotent stem cells Mouse and human urothelial cancer organoids: a tool for bladder cancer research Self-formation of optic cups and storable stratified neural retina from human ESCs Disease modeling and gene therapy of copper storage disease in canine hepatic organoids Human embryonic lung epithelial tips are multipotent progenitors that can be expanded in vitro as longterm self-renewing organoids Generation of stomach tissue from mouse embryonic stem cells Organoid models of human liver cancers derived from tumor needle biopsies Sustained in vitro intestinal epithelial culture within a Wnt-dependent stem cell niche Functional anterior pituitary generated in selforganizing culture of human embryonic stem cells Identification and correction of mechanisms underlying inherited blindness in human IPSCderived optic cups Functional cortical neurons and astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells in 3D culture Salivary gland development: a template for regeneration Personalized in vitro and in vivo cancer models to guide precision medicine Inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha promotes the long-term expansion of primary hepatocytes in 3D culture Human salivary gland stem cells functionally restore radiation damaged salivary glands Lgr5(+) stem and progenitor cells reside at the apex of a heterogeneous embryonic hepatoblast pool Brain-regionspecific organoids using mini-bioreactors for modeling ZIKV exposure Cell diversity and network dynamics in photosensitive human brain organoids Basal cells as stem cells of the mouse trachea and human airway epithelium Lineage tracing of the endoderm during oral development A living biobank of breast cancer organoids captures disease heterogeneity Long-term expanding human airway organoids for disease modeling The clinically approved antiviral drug sofosbuvir inhibits Zika virus replication Development of a functional thyroid model based on an organoid culture system Generation of functional hippocampal neurons from self-organizing human embryonic stem cell-derived dorsomedial telencephalic tissue Cholangiocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells for disease modeling and drug validation Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into functional cholangiocyte-like cells Reconstruction of the mouse extrahepatic biliary tree using primary human extrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids Crispr-Cas systems for editing, regulating and targeting genomes Cytosystems dynamics in self-organization of tissue architecture Next-generation regenerative medicine: organogenesis from stem cells in 3D culture Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche Long-term expansion of epithelial organoids from human colon, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's epithelium Neural crest cell implantation restores enteric nervous system function and alters the gastrointestinal transcriptome in human tissue-engineered small intestine Functional repair of CFTR by CRISPR/Cas9 in intestinal stem cell organoids of cystic fibrosis patients Human gastric cancer modelling using organoids Human pancreatic tumor organoids reveal loss of stem cell niche factor dependence during disease progression Cystic organoid teratoma: (Report of a Case) Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into intestinal tissue in vitro Differentiated Troy+ chief cells act as reserve stem cells to generate all lineages of the stomach epithelium Self-formation of functional adenohypophysis in three-dimensional culture Redefining the in vivo origin of metanephric nephron progenitors enables generation of complex kidney structures from pluripotent stem cells Directing human embryonic stem cell differentiation towards a renal lineage generates a self-organizing kidney Kidney organoids from human iPS cells contain multiple lineages and model human nephrogenesis FGF7 is a functional niche signal required for stimulation of adult liver progenitor cells that support liver regeneration Vascularized and functional human liver from an IPSC-derived organ bud transplant Vascularized and complex organ buds from diverse tissues via mesenchymal cell-driven condensation Massive and reproducible production of liver buds entirely from human pluripotent stem cells Successful creation of pancreatic cancer organoids by means of Eus-guided fine-needle biopsy sampling for personalized cancer treatment Long-term, hormone-responsive organoid cultures of human endometrium in a chemically defined medium Trophoblast organoids as a model for maternal-fetal interactions during human placentation Prospective derivation of a living organoid biobank of colorectal cancer patients Patient-derived organoids model treatment response of metastatic gastrointestinal cancers photoreceptor outer segment-like structures in long-term 3D retinas from human pluripotent stem cells A method to recapitulate early embryonic spatial patterning in human embryonic stem cells Directed differentiation of telencephalic precursors from embryonic stem cells Self-organized cerebral organoids with human-specific features predict effective drugs to combat Zika virus infection Tumor organoids as a pre-clinical cancer model for drug discovery Chromosomal abnormalities in hepatic cysts point to novel polycystic liver disease genes Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into mature airway epithelia expressing functional CFTR protein Engineered human pluripotent-stem-cell-derived intestinal tissues with a functional enteric nervous system Directed differentiation of human pluripotent cells to ureteric bud kidney progenitor-like cells Fusion of regionally specified HPSC-derived organoids models human brain development and interneuron migration Selfrenewal and multilineage differentiation in vitro from murine prostate stem cells Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen A comprehensive human gastric cancer organoid biobank captures tumor subtype heterogeneity and enables therapeutic screening From pluripotency to differentiation: laying foundations for the body pattern in the mouse embryo In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus High-content screening in HPSC-neural progenitors identifies drug candidates that inhibit Zika virus infection in fetal-like organoids and adult brain Differentiated human airway organoids to assess infectivity of emerging influenza virus Vertebrate endoderm development and organ formation keywords: adult; brain; cancer; cells; culture; development; disease; drug; embryonic; et al; formation; human; liver; model; mouse; organoids; self; stem; stem cells; structures; term; tissue; vitro cache: cord-305318-cont592g.txt plain text: cord-305318-cont592g.txt item: #189 of 288 id: cord-306056-4jx0u7js author: Sulmasy, Daniel P. title: “Diseases and Natural Kinds” date: 2005 words: 9603 flesch: 50 summary: The notion of natural kinds presents a modest form of essentialism that can serve as the basis for a foundationalist philosophy of medicine. Disease can be understood as making necessary reference to living natural kinds without invoking the claim that diseases themselves are natural kinds. keywords: affairs; disease; disturbance; history; human; illness; individual; kind; medicine; members; pattern; philosophy cache: cord-306056-4jx0u7js.txt plain text: cord-306056-4jx0u7js.txt item: #190 of 288 id: cord-306535-j26eqmxt author: Robertson, Matthew J. title: Large-scale discovery of male reproductive tract-specific genes through analysis of RNA-seq datasets date: 2020-08-19 words: 16775 flesch: 43 summary: [28] to create a comprehensive database of mouse gene symbols orthologous to human genes and vice versa. The majority of identified genes were not from a traditional drug target family like kinases or enzymes. keywords: analysis; candidate genes; cell; ces5a; datasets; epididymis; expression; fig; file; genes; human; male; mice; mouse; mouse genes; number; protein; reproductive; rna; samples; seq; specific; sperm; spint3; studies; table; testis; tissue; tract cache: cord-306535-j26eqmxt.txt plain text: cord-306535-j26eqmxt.txt item: #191 of 288 id: cord-306671-stc3pbj8 author: Cardona, Carol title: Advancing One Health Policy and Implementation Through the Concept of One Medicine One Science date: 2015-09-01 words: 3458 flesch: 26 summary: Balancing competing demands of human health, animal health, and sustainable environmental health is a grand challenge of our time. Housing food animals inside helps to protect animal health, prevent cross-species disease transmission, and improve production efficiency, but it does not always meet consumer preference for local needs and resources. keywords: animal; disease; food; health; human; medicine; policy; science; security; virus cache: cord-306671-stc3pbj8.txt plain text: cord-306671-stc3pbj8.txt item: #192 of 288 id: cord-306904-8iteddug author: Uversky, Vladimir N title: Unreported intrinsic disorder in proteins: Building connections to the literature on IDPs date: 2014-12-12 words: 18448 flesch: 37 summary: Digested disorder: quarterly intrinsic disorder digest Digested disorder, issue #2: quarterly intrinsic disorder digest Digested disorder, issue #3: quarterly intrinsic disorder digest Comprehensive comparative assessment of in-silico predictors of disordered regions eIF4B and eIF4G jointly stimulate eIF4A ATPase and unwinding activities by modulation of the eIF4A conformational cycle New initiation factor activity required for globin mRNA translation The mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation and principles of its regulation Molecular mechanism of scanning and start codon selection in eukaryotes mRNA helicases: the tacticians of translational control The DEAD-box helicase eIF4A: paradigm or the odd one out Exploiting heterogeneous sequence properties improves prediction of protein disorder Predicting intrinsic disorder from amino acid sequence Sequence complexity of disordered protein PONDR-FIT: a meta-predictor of intrinsically disordered amino acids Prediction of protein binding regions in disordered proteins ANCHOR: web server for predicting protein binding regions in disordered proteins Remarkable stabilization of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in a molecular sandwich complex Interaction of T4 Furthermore, based on the combination of literature mining and a brief computational analysis 20 hidden gems were found; i.e., papers that missed protein disorder. keywords: activity; analysis; binding; cell; complex; disordered; disordered protein; disordered regions; dna; domain; factor; family; figure; functions; human; interaction; lgn; membrane; papers; phosphorylation; protein; regions; regulation; replication; residues; role; shock; sites; structure; tail; terminal; transcription; uniprot cache: cord-306904-8iteddug.txt plain text: cord-306904-8iteddug.txt item: #193 of 288 id: cord-307046-ko3bdvo0 author: Vasilakis, Nikos title: Exploiting the Legacy of the Arbovirus Hunters date: 2019-05-23 words: 17752 flesch: 39 summary: In contrast, current search methods for new viruses, which generally use metagenomics and other sophisticated genetic techniques to detect novel viral agents, do not usually yield live viruses, only their nucleotide sequences. New viruses, Tamdy (TAMV) and Burana (BURV), were isolated from Hyalomma spp. keywords: africa; analysis; arboviruses; australia; bats; central; characterization; colleagues; dengue; discovery; disease; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; epidemic; family; fever; fever virus; flavivirus; genome; genus; group; human; identification; infection; institute; isolation; laboratory; mosquitoes; new; ngs; novel; research; river; rna; sequence; south; species; studies; study; ticks; ussr; virus; viruses cache: cord-307046-ko3bdvo0.txt plain text: cord-307046-ko3bdvo0.txt item: #194 of 288 id: cord-307320-fxs31d66 author: Ubah, Obinna title: Monoclonal Antibodies and Antibody Like Fragments Derived from Immunised Phage Display Libraries date: 2018-03-17 words: 8304 flesch: 22 summary: In: Pharmaceutical biotechnology Antigenic variation in trypanosomes: enhanced phenotypic variation in a eukaryotic parasite Mining human antibody repertoires Beyond natural antibodies: the power of in vitro display technologies Hidden killers: human fungal infections Identification of Salmonella SPI-2 secretion system components required for SpvB-mediated cytotoxicity in macrophages and virulence in mice Identification of an Immunodominant ABC transporter in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections A large array of human monoclonal antibodies to type 1 human immunodeficiency virus from combinatorial libraries of asymptomatic seropositive individuals Phage-displayed antibody fragments recognizing dengue 3 and dengue 4 viruses as tools for viral serotyping in sera from infected individuals Helicobacter pyloriantigen-binding fragments expressed on the filamentous M13 phage prevent bacterial growth Isolation of a nanomolar scFv inhibiting the endopeptidase activity of botulinum toxin A, by single-round panning of an immune phage-displayed library of macaque origin The isolation of super-sensitive anti-hapten antibodies from combinatorial antibody libraries derived from sheep A high-affinity macaque antibody Fab with human-like framework regions obtained from a small phage display immune library Monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 directed against Aspergillus fumigatus cell wall glycoprotein protects against experimental murine aspergillosis Chimpanzee/human mAbs to vaccinia virus B5 protein neutralize vaccinia and smallpox viruses and protect mice against vaccinia virus Efficient neutralization of anthrax toxin by chimpanzee monoclonal antibodies against protective antigen Novel chimpanzee/human monoclonal antibodies that neutralize anthrax lethal factor, and evidence for possible synergy with anti-protective antigen antibody Potent neutralization of anthrax edema toxin by a humanized monoclonal antibody that competes with calmodulin for edema factor binding ) β-Lactamase inhibitors derived from single-domain antibody fragments elicited in the camelidae Functional aspects of protein mono-ADP-ribosylation Antibody binding to Cryptococcus neoformans impairs budding by altering capsular mechanical properties Antibody responses against wild-type yellow fever virus and the 17D vaccine strain: characterization with human monoclonal antibody fragments and neutralization escape variants Generation and characterization of ALX-0171, a potent novel therapeutic nanobody for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection Analysis of the expressed heavy chain variable-region genes of Macaca fascicularis and isolation of monoclonal antibodies specific for the Ebola virus' soluble glycoprotein A human SARS-CoV neutralizing antibody against epitope on S2 protein Potential of primate monoclonal antibodies to substitute for human antibodies: nucleotide sequence of chimpanzee Fab fragments Llama antibody fragments with cross-subtype human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing properties and high affinity for HIV-1 gp120 Isolation of single chain variable fragments against six esters of pyrethrins by subtractive phage display Efficient production of chicken egg yolk antibodies against a conserved mammalian protein Research and development of therapeutic mAbs: an analysis based on pipeline projects Passive intranasal monoclonal antibody prophylaxis against murine Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Phage antibody libraries are constructed by PCR based cloning of VH and VL repertoires by random pairing into a phage or phagemid vector system and display on the surface of bacteriophage. keywords: affinity; antibodies; antibody; antigen; cell; chain; display; fragments; human; immunisation; infection; libraries; library; mice; monoclonal; phage; phage display; sheep; specific; surface; toxin; virus cache: cord-307320-fxs31d66.txt plain text: cord-307320-fxs31d66.txt item: #195 of 288 id: cord-307803-rlvk6bcx author: Balloux, Francois title: Q&A: What are pathogens, and what have they done to and for us? date: 2017-10-19 words: 3850 flesch: 42 summary: The main arguments for an origin of human pathogens linked to agriculture are based on the proximity between traditional farmers with their livestock and the emergence of higher human population densities in stable settlements enabled by agricultural subsistence. There is also no obvious pattern pointing to the Neolithic revolution as a strong driver for the emergence of human pathogens. keywords: bacteria; diseases; evolution; genes; host; human; pathogens; plague; species; virulence cache: cord-307803-rlvk6bcx.txt plain text: cord-307803-rlvk6bcx.txt item: #196 of 288 id: cord-308201-lavcsqov author: Desforges, Marc title: Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? date: 2019-12-20 words: 8478 flesch: 27 summary: These criteria certainly represent a pertinent tool to evaluate the involvement of human respiratory viruses as a factor that could influence long-term human neurological diseases. Nevertheless, our data suggest that HCoV-OC43 may also invade the CNS from the external environment through other pathways involving other cranial peripheral nerves [269] , reminiscent of what was shown for other human respiratory viruses such as RSV and influenza virus [8] . keywords: acute; cns; coronavirus; diseases; encephalitis; hcov; human; infection; influenza; mice; oc43; patients; respiratory; syndrome; system; term; tract; viruses cache: cord-308201-lavcsqov.txt plain text: cord-308201-lavcsqov.txt item: #197 of 288 id: cord-308857-otsrexqu author: Goel, Saurav title: Resilient and Agile Engineering Solutions to Address Societal Challenges such as Coronavirus Pandemic date: 2020-05-28 words: 10617 flesch: 43 summary: Antibodies help prevent future infections by detecting the virus and binding to their surfaces signalling the body's immune system to destroy such viruses or virus-infected cells. PSS organic electrochemical transistors for chemical and biological sensors: a mini review COVID-19: A Risk Assessment Perspective Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes Anti-HIV drug repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Fast Identification of Possible Drug Treatment of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) through Computational Drug Repurposing Study Structure of Mpro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals COVID-19: keywords: coatings; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; detection; disease; drug; figure; infection; line; manufacturing; masks; material; nanoparticles; new; pandemic; patients; people; research; sars; surface; test; use; virus; viruses cache: cord-308857-otsrexqu.txt plain text: cord-308857-otsrexqu.txt item: #198 of 288 id: cord-309301-ai84el0j author: Li, Yaqi title: Organoid based personalized medicine: from bench to bedside date: 2020-11-02 words: 17488 flesch: 31 summary: The cytosolic bacterial peptidoglycan sensor Nod2 affords stem cell protection and links microbes to gut epithelial regeneration Organoid Models of Human Liver Cancers Derived from Tumor Needle Biopsies Clevers H Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling, Disease, and Emerging Therapeutic Modalities TP53 mutations in human cancers: origins, consequences, and clinical use Patient-derived organoids can predict response to chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients Sustained in vitro intestinal epithelial culture within a Wnt-dependent stem cell niche In VitroPersonalized and Cancer Models to Guide Precision Medicine Personalized In Vitro and In Vivo Cancer Models to Guide Precision Medicine Inflammatory Cytokine TNFα Promotes the Long-Term Expansion of Primary Hepatocytes in 3D Respiratory syncytial virus can infect basal cells and alter human airway epithelial differentiation Brain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure Sliced human cortical organoids for modeling distinct cortical layer formation Estes MK Epidemiology of human noroviruses and updates on vaccine development Jiang P Single Lgr5-or Lgr6-expressing taste stem/progenitor cells generate taste bud cells ex vivo Genome-Scale CRISPR screening in human intestinal organoids identifies drivers of TGF-β Resistance Enhancer reprogramming promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis Development and application of human adult stem or progenitor cell organoids In vivo genome editing and organoid transplantation models of colorectal cancer and metastasis Restifo NP Adoptive cell transfer as personalized immunotherapy for human cancer Organoid cultures for the analysis of cancer phenotypes A living biobank of breast cancer organoids captures disease heterogeneity Long-term expanding human airway organoids for disease modeling Establishment of patient-derived organoids and drug screening for biliary tract carcinoma Development of a functional thyroid model based on an organoid culture system Müller A Life in the human stomach: persistence strategies of the bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori Cholangiocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells for disease modeling and drug validation Long-term expansion of epithelial organoids from human colon, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's epithelium Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche Salmonella manipulation of host signaling pathways provokes cellular transformation associated with gallbladder carcinoma A novel human gastric primary cell culture system for modelling Helicobacter pylori infection in vitro Farin HF 3D model for CAR-mediated cytotoxicity using patientderived colorectal cancer organoids Tubuloids derived from human adult kidney and urine for personalized disease modeling Molecular dissection of colorectal cancer in pre-clinical models identifies biomarkers predicting sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors Functional repair of CFTR by CRISPR/Cas9 in intestinal stem cell organoids of cystic fibrosis patients Human gastric cancer modelling using organoids Human pancreatic tumor organoids reveal loss of stem cell niche factor dependence during disease progression Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer Functional differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells in vitro: effects of cell shape, cell-matrix interactions and cellcell interactions Sato T Visualization and targeting of LGR5(+) human colon cancer stem cells Carcinoma of the gallbladder--is it a sequel of typhoid? For example, tumor organoids from colorectal cancer (CRC) can be selectively expanded upon withdrawal of Wnt3a and R-Spondin1. keywords: biobank; cancer; cas9; cells; cftr; colleagues; colon; crispr; culture; development; disease; drug; epithelial; et al; gastric; gene; human; infection; liver; method; model; modeling; mutations; organoids; patients; pdos; research; response; stem; stem cells; study; transplantation; tumor; types; virus; vitro; vivo cache: cord-309301-ai84el0j.txt plain text: cord-309301-ai84el0j.txt item: #199 of 288 id: cord-310371-pylrg91h author: Bishop, R.F. title: Enteric Viruses date: 2008-07-30 words: 4469 flesch: 38 summary: The recent demonstration that human noroviruses can infect and replicate in a three-dimensional cell culture model of human intestinal epithelium, should improve our understanding of the pathogenesis, and antigenic diversity of this important group of enteric viruses. key: cord-310371-pylrg91h authors: Bishop, R.F.; Kirkwood, C.D. title: Enteric Viruses date: 2008-07-30 journal: Encyclopedia of Virology DOI: 10.1016/b978-012374410-4.00386-1 sha: doc_id: 310371 cord_uid: pylrg91h Many viruses use the enteric tract as a route of entry to the human, animal, or avian host. keywords: caliciviruses; cause; children; diarrhea; disease; enteric; gastroenteritis; human; infection; rotavirus; viruses cache: cord-310371-pylrg91h.txt plain text: cord-310371-pylrg91h.txt item: #200 of 288 id: cord-310509-c8wp2m69 author: Morens, David M. title: Emerging Infectious Diseases: Threats to Human Health and Global Stability date: 2013-07-04 words: 2122 flesch: 38 summary: key: cord-310509-c8wp2m69 authors: Morens, David M.; Fauci, Anthony S. title: Emerging Infectious Diseases: Threats to Human Health and Global Stability date: 2013-07-04 journal: PLoS Pathog DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003467 sha: doc_id: 310509 cord_uid: c8wp2m69 nan Historical information as well as microbial sequencing and phylogenetic constructions make it clear that infectious diseases have been emerging and reemerging over millennia, and that such emergences are driven by numerous factors (Table 1) . Although precise figures are lacking, emerging infectious diseases comprise a substantial fraction of all consequential human infections. keywords: diseases; human; infections; influenza; new; virus cache: cord-310509-c8wp2m69.txt plain text: cord-310509-c8wp2m69.txt item: #201 of 288 id: cord-310844-7i92mk4x author: Hryhorowicz, Magdalena title: Application of Genetically Engineered Pigs in Biomedical Research date: 2020-06-19 words: 9041 flesch: 32 summary: Moreover, other carbohydrate xenoantigens present on pig cells but absent in humans have been identified and include Neu5Gc antigen (N-glycolylneuraminic acid) catalyzed by cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) and the SDa antigen produced by beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 2 (β4GALNT2). In addition, it was demonstrated that the introduction of the HLA-E gene into the porcine genome may also protect pig cells from macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity [85] . keywords: animal; blood; cas9; cells; crispr; disease; expression; gene; genome; human; knock; model; mutations; pigs; porcine; production; protein; research; survival; system; transgenic; xenotransplantation cache: cord-310844-7i92mk4x.txt plain text: cord-310844-7i92mk4x.txt item: #202 of 288 id: cord-310882-t73xwpaw author: Axin Liang, A. title: An advanced molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the highly sensitive and selective detection and determination of Human IgG date: 2020-09-09 words: 5776 flesch: 39 summary: Composites: Cationic Surfactant-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis and Electrochemical Reversible Storage of Lithium An advanced molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the highly sensitive and selective detection of Human IgG Layered MoS 2 @graphene functionalized with nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots as an enhanced electrochemical hydrogen evolution catalyst Biocompatible ionic liquids: fundamental behaviours and applications Ionic Liquid-Like Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Applications of Ionic Liquids in Medicinal Chemistry: Development, Status and Prospects Carbon nanotube-ionic liquid composite sensors and biosensors A promising sensing platform toward dopamine using MnO2 nanowires/electro-reduced graphene oxide composites Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Electrochemical and Optical Sensors Facile and ultrasensitive determination of 4-nitrophenol based on acetylene black paste and graphene hybrid electrode Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers specific to glycoproteins, glycans and monosaccharides via boronate affinity controllable-oriented surface imprinting Fluorescent molecularly imprinted membranes as biosensor for the detection of target protein Synthesis of novel monomeric graphene quantum dots and corresponding nanocomposite with molecularly imprinted polymer for electrochemical detection of an anticancerous ifosfamide drug A novel capacitive sensor based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles as recognition elements Rapid recognition and determination of tryptophan by carbon nanotubes and molecularly imprinted polymer-modified glassy carbon electrode Molecular imprinted polymer based impedimetric sensor for trace level determination of digoxin in biological and pharmaceutical samples Blood heparin sensor made from a paste electrode of graphite particles grafted with molecularly imprinted polymer A novel CuFe 2 O 4 nanospheres molecularly imprinted polymers modified electrochemical sensor for lysozyme determination An advanced molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the highly sensitive and selective detection of Human IgG Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Fluorescent Probe for the Sensitive Turn-On Detection of Glutathione and its Cellular Imaging Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dotslabeled epitope imprinted polymer with double templates via the metal chelation for specific recognition of cytochrome c Highly luminescent S, N codoped graphene quantum dots with broad visible absorption bands for visible light photocatalysts L-Cysteine-Assisted Synthesis of Layered MoS 2 /Graphene As a result, it is reasonable to speculate that, integrating the layer-structured MoS 2 with nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) also exerts same function in electrochemical sensors and electrocatalysis. keywords: detection; electrode; gqds; graphene; human; igg; mips; modified; mos; nps; sensor; solution cache: cord-310882-t73xwpaw.txt plain text: cord-310882-t73xwpaw.txt item: #203 of 288 id: cord-310905-1oqfh8of author: Gill, Karamjit S. title: Strange affair of man with the machine date: 2020-10-13 words: 4400 flesch: 42 summary: Weizenbaum points out that those who aspire to equating machine intelligence to human intelligence keep convincing themselves that by outplaying human Go players, composing music, or creating human-like social robots, machines have either already or are soon going to outsmart human beings. It seems that in this pursuit of machine intelligence, the validation of human intelligence has been reduced to the display of technological wonders, just as scientific knowledge has been reduced to wonders of data science. keywords: body; data; future; human; intelligence; machine; paradigm; prediction; surveillance cache: cord-310905-1oqfh8of.txt plain text: cord-310905-1oqfh8of.txt item: #204 of 288 id: cord-311601-w2jqmpww author: Muzemil, Abdulazeez title: African perspectives: modern complexities of emerging, re-emerging, and endemic zoonoses date: 2018-10-25 words: 1768 flesch: 33 summary: Some studies have also suggested that major climate change will influence water resource use, natural resources management and biodiversity, human health, food security, resettlement and infrastructure re-allocation, and desertification Recent review had indicated that endemic infections associated with antimicrobial resistance requires a particular attention because such diseases are linked with approximately 44 to 77% of all annual human deaths in Africa keywords: africa; data; diseases; health; human; resistance cache: cord-311601-w2jqmpww.txt plain text: cord-311601-w2jqmpww.txt item: #205 of 288 id: cord-312247-cza4qsv5 author: Würdinger, T title: Targeting non-human coronaviruses to human cancer cells using a bispecific single-chain antibody date: 2005-04-21 words: 6619 flesch: 41 summary: We found that the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and a felinized murine hepatitis virus (fMHV), both normally incapable of infecting human cells, could rapidly and effectively kill human cancer cells artificially expressing the feline coronavirus receptor aminopeptidase N. Also 3-D multilayer tumor spheroids established from such cells were effectively eradicated. Subsequently, we investigated whether FIPV and fMHV could be targeted to human cancer cells expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a molecule commonly overexpressed on many types of cancer cells 17 and associated with poor prognosis and response to cancer therapy. keywords: antibody; cancer; cells; coronaviruses; fapn; fipv; fmhv; human; infection; protein; receptor; scfv; virus cache: cord-312247-cza4qsv5.txt plain text: cord-312247-cza4qsv5.txt item: #206 of 288 id: cord-312434-yx24golq author: Deng, Ziqin title: Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Human Coronaviruses: Prospects and Implications for COVID-19 Research date: 2020-09-23 words: 6227 flesch: 40 summary: Leading researchers from various fields of human coronavirus research are listed to facilitate collaboration and promote effective disease prevention and control. This is partially due to the unclear knowledge map of human coronavirus research and an inadequate understanding of the present research status, hotspots and development trends. keywords: analysis; coronavirus; cov; covid-19; human; mers; outbreak; publications; research; sars cache: cord-312434-yx24golq.txt plain text: cord-312434-yx24golq.txt item: #207 of 288 id: cord-312438-zr9zx7pv author: Hoo, Regina title: Innate Immune Mechanisms to Protect Against Infection at the Human Decidual-Placental Interface date: 2020-09-10 words: 7560 flesch: 29 summary: This is further supported by the transcriptomic expression of viral receptors in placental cells (10, 50, 51). A combination of criteria define human first-trimester trophoblast ELF5-enforced transcriptional networks define an epigenetically regulated trophoblast stem cell compartment in the human placenta The Human Placenta Uteroplacental arterial changes related to interstitial trophoblast migration in early human pregnancy Trophoblast invasion Maternal arterial connections to the placental intervillous space during the first trimester of human pregnancy: the Boyd collection revisited The cytology of Hofbauer cells A three-dimensional study of the normal human placental villous core Zika virus infection at different pregnancy stages: anatomopathological findings, target cells and viral persistence in placental tissues Zika virus RNA replication and persistence in brain and placental tissue HIV-1 in trophoblastic and villous Hofbauer cells, and haematological precursors in eight-week fetuses Zika virus infects human placental macrophages Placental syncytium forms a biophysical barrier against pathogen invasion Apoptotic changes occur in syncytiotrophoblast of human placental villi where fibrin type fibrinoid is deposited at discontinuities in the villous trophoblast Zika virus targets different primary human placental cells, suggesting two routes for vertical transmission Developmental regulation of human cytomegalovirus receptors in cytotrophoblasts correlates with distinct replication sites in the placenta Does the human placenta express the canonical cell entry mediators for SARS-CoV-2? keywords: cells; decidua; expression; host; human; ifn; infected; infection; maternal; pathogens; placenta; pregnancy; receptors; sct; transmission; trophoblast; virus cache: cord-312438-zr9zx7pv.txt plain text: cord-312438-zr9zx7pv.txt item: #208 of 288 id: cord-312461-5qzpo6l1 author: Adalja, Amesh A. title: Characteristics of Microbes Most Likely to Cause Pandemics and Global Catastrophes date: 2019-08-30 words: 6830 flesch: 35 summary: Other factors that may increase a virus' potential to cause a global catastrophic risk include a segmented genome (as exemplified by influenza viruses), a comparatively smaller genome size, and high host viremia (e.g., vector-borne flaviviruses). Nontraditional molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies and immunomodulators, should also be investigated for a role in the treatment and prevention of RNA virus respiratory infections (Walker and Burton 2018) . keywords: cause; disease; human; influenza; microbe; pandemic; preparedness; respiratory; risk; rna; spread; transmission; viruses cache: cord-312461-5qzpo6l1.txt plain text: cord-312461-5qzpo6l1.txt item: #209 of 288 id: cord-312807-8v4r9jij author: Recht, Judith title: Host Diversity and Origin of Zoonoses: The Ancient and the New date: 2020-09-17 words: 5844 flesch: 34 summary: There is a considerable impact of these diseases on the economy and health at local and global levels, including zoonotic diseases caused by the ingestion of food and products derived from animals. Paleopathology studies of ancient human bone lesions, in combination with ancient DNA analysis of the causative pathogen, have contributed to our understanding of the origin of zoonotic diseases, including brucellosis and mycobacterial zoonoses. keywords: animals; brucellosis; cases; diseases; hosts; human; infection; new; origin; species; tuberculosis; zoonoses; zoonotic cache: cord-312807-8v4r9jij.txt plain text: cord-312807-8v4r9jij.txt item: #210 of 288 id: cord-313173-0u4s5y20 author: ten Have, H.A.M.J. title: Sheltering at Our Common Home date: 2020-08-25 words: 2528 flesch: 51 summary: It has been known for a long time that emerging infectious diseases are associated with the destruction of functioning ecosystems and biodiversity. It is estimated that zoonotic pathogens cause 60 per cent of emerging infectious diseases in humans (Jones et al. 2008; Daszak et al. 2004) . keywords: diseases; health; home; humans; place; world cache: cord-313173-0u4s5y20.txt plain text: cord-313173-0u4s5y20.txt item: #211 of 288 id: cord-313529-xm76ae08 author: Liu, Wen-Kuan title: Detection of human bocavirus from children and adults with acute respiratory tract illness in Guangzhou, southern China date: 2011-12-14 words: 2970 flesch: 53 summary: HBoV infection has recently attracted increasing attention all over the world. [13] [14] , and only a few papers have described the characteristics of HBoV infection in adult patients [16, 25, 26] . keywords: bocavirus; children; hbov; human; infection; patients; samples; years cache: cord-313529-xm76ae08.txt plain text: cord-313529-xm76ae08.txt item: #212 of 288 id: cord-314372-knhkdlq7 author: Kanduc, Darja title: Massive peptide sharing between viral and human proteomes date: 2008-06-05 words: 4370 flesch: 39 summary: a Analogous to viral proteomes in size (see Table 1 ), and composed by set of human proteins as detailed in Table 3 overlap for 633,229 times (see data from Tables 4 and 5 , respectively). Specifically, the study was designed to answer two main questions: (i) what is the quantitative dimension of shortpeptide sequence sharing between viruses and human proteomes? keywords: amino; human; peptide; proteins; proteome; sub; table; viral cache: cord-314372-knhkdlq7.txt plain text: cord-314372-knhkdlq7.txt item: #213 of 288 id: cord-315164-nidgnvvi author: Medkour, Hacène title: Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission date: 2020-06-18 words: 6822 flesch: 55 summary: A comprehensive study of more than 45,000 routine PCR tests Pring-Åkerblom, P. Rapid and quantitative detection of human adenovirus DNA by real-time PCR SPAdes: A new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing Trimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data A tiling path-based gap closer that uses long reads to complete genome assembly Combining de novo and reference-guided assembly with scaffold _ builder Protein database searches for multiple alignments Basic local alignment search tool Host Immune Responses to Chronic Adenovirus Infections in Human and Nonhuman Primates Adenovirus and herpesvirus diversity in free-ranging great apes in the Sangha region of the Republic of Congo Multiple cross-species transmission events of human adenoviruses (HAdV) during hominine evolution Molecular epidemiological study of adenovirus infecting western lowland gorillas and humans in and around Moukalaba-Doudou National Park (Gabon) Chimpanzee adenovirus antibodies in humans, sub-Saharan Africa Adenovirus infection in savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Issa Valley Adenoviruses isolated from wild gorillas are closely related to human species C viruses All great ape samples were stored in absolute alcohol, and fresh samples and human samples were first stored at −20 • C before being sent from the Republic of Congo to France for analysis. keywords: adenoviruses; advs; chimpanzees; dna; gorillas; hadv; human; members; nhps; samples; sequences; species; study cache: cord-315164-nidgnvvi.txt plain text: cord-315164-nidgnvvi.txt item: #214 of 288 id: cord-316792-89f8g0m8 author: Herzig, Volker title: Animal toxins — Nature’s evolutionary-refined toolkit for basic research and drug discovery date: 2020-06-12 words: 12772 flesch: 35 summary: One therapeutic area in which venom peptides have been successfully used to identify new drug targets is chronic pain In addition to venom peptides, non-peptidic marine toxins have proven to be invaluable tools for elucidating diverse pain pathways. keywords: acid; activity; animal; asic1a; channel; cold; complement; development; disease; drug; effects; factor; human; ion; neurons; novel; pain; peptides; potential; role; selective; selectivity; sensing; snake; spider; structure; target; toxins; use; venom cache: cord-316792-89f8g0m8.txt plain text: cord-316792-89f8g0m8.txt item: #215 of 288 id: cord-317501-yblzopc3 author: Kuhn, Philipp title: Recombinant antibodies for diagnostics and therapy against pathogens and toxins generated by phage display date: 2016-06-21 words: 11099 flesch: 30 summary: An alternative to hybridoma technology is the use of antibody phage display to generate recombinant antibodies. A technology that overcomes the limitation of the immune system is antibody phage display. keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigen; binding; chain; display; fab; fragment; generation; human; immune; isolation; libraries; library; monoclonal; pathogens; phage; phage display; protein; scfv; single; specific; surface; technology; toxins; variable; virus; vitro cache: cord-317501-yblzopc3.txt plain text: cord-317501-yblzopc3.txt item: #216 of 288 id: cord-317900-05y9re12 author: Senanayake, Nari title: Geographies of uncertainty date: 2020-08-14 words: 6465 flesch: 20 summary: Gender, Place Cult Africa and the nuclear world: labor, occupational health, and the transnational production of uranium Global health, geographical contingency, and contingent geographies When places come first: suffering, archetypal space and the problematic production of global health Geographies of uncertainty and negotiated responsibilities of occupational health States of Knowledge: The Co-Production of Science and the Social Order Rethinking social reproduction in the time of Covid-19 HIV as uncertain life Living off uncertainty: the intelligent animal production of dryland pastoralists The uncertain geographic context problem Context and uncertainty in geography and GIScience: advances in theory, method, and practice Toxic Bodies: Hormone Disruptors and the Legacy of DES Exploring Understandings of Institutions and Uncertainty: New Directions in Natural Resource Management A geopolitics of trauma: refugee administration and protracted uncertainty in Turkey Queer and Trans* Geographies of Liminality: A Literature Review Between scylla and charybdis: environmental governance and illegibility in the American West On the will to ignorance in bureaucracy Strategic unknowns: towards a sociology of ignorance Doubt Is Their Product: How Industry's Assault on Science Threatens Your Health Lives in Limbo: temporary protected status and immigrant identities Uncertain exposures and the privilege of imperception: activist scientists and race at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Sick Building Syndrome and the Problem of Uncertainty: Environmental Politics, Technoscience, and Women Workers Care in the Time of Covid-19 Uncertain futures and everyday hedging in a humanitarian city The socioenvironmental state: political authority, subjects, and transformative socionatural change in an uncertain world Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming All that is solid melts into the bay: anticipatory ruination and climate change adaptation Agnotology: spatializing regimes of perceptibility, uncertainty, and the ontological fight over quarantine pests in California Searching for CKDu: mystery kidney disease, differentiated (in) visibility, and contingent geographies of care in dry Zone Sri Lanka Living with Uncertainty: New Directions in Pastoral Development in Africa keywords: disease; environmental; forms; geography; health; human; issue; knowledge; management; production; uncertainties; uncertainty; work cache: cord-317900-05y9re12.txt plain text: cord-317900-05y9re12.txt item: #217 of 288 id: cord-318061-xe8lljz0 author: Overgaauw, Paul A.M. title: A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date: 2020-05-27 words: 14063 flesch: 45 summary: Of course, in the field there is animal abuse, negative animal welfare conditions, and animal diseases. The One Health initiative or concept is a worldwide strategy that recognizes that public health is connected with animal health and the environment. keywords: animals; behavior; cats; children; companion; companion animals; contact; disease; dogs; food; health; human; infection; life; owners; ownership; pathogens; people; pet; pets; problems; public; review; risk; spp; transmission; welfare; zoonotic cache: cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt plain text: cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt item: #218 of 288 id: cord-318407-uy0f7f2o author: Nara, Peter L. title: Perspectives on advancing preventative medicine through vaccinology at the comparative veterinary, human and conservation medicine interface: Not missing the opportunities date: 2008-11-18 words: 12532 flesch: 37 summary: In addition vaccination along with other animal production changes has provided the ability to produce otherwise unaffordable animal protein and animal health worldwide. In addition vaccination along with other animal production changes has provided the ability to produce otherwise unaffordable animal protein and animal health worldwide. keywords: animal; animal diseases; animal health; care; costs; countries; diseases; food; global; health; human; impact; medical; medicine; national; prevention; public; research; services; vaccination; veterinarians; veterinary; world; years cache: cord-318407-uy0f7f2o.txt plain text: cord-318407-uy0f7f2o.txt item: #219 of 288 id: cord-319044-5otz2w9v author: Walsh, Michael G. title: Whence the next pandemic? The intersecting global geography of the animal-human interface, poor health systems and air transit centrality reveals conduits for high-impact spillover date: 2020-10-08 words: 3873 flesch: 32 summary: This work has defined a hierarchical geography of potential high-impact spillover based on variable animal-human interfaces, human health system capacity and proximate cities of high global connectivity. The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2020 has shown how rapidly emerging infectious diseases can devastate human health and national economies. keywords: animal; global; health; human; interface; livestock; spillover; wildlife cache: cord-319044-5otz2w9v.txt plain text: cord-319044-5otz2w9v.txt item: #220 of 288 id: cord-319646-6cex9gid author: Wu, Guoyao title: Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health date: 2020-02-18 words: 21604 flesch: 29 summary: The content of crude protein, amino acids, creatine, carnosine, anserine, and 4-hydroxyproline in beef and plant-source foods Adapted from Wu et al. (2016) , Wu et al. (2020) , and Hou et al. (2019) CP crude protein (6.25 × N%), OH-Pro 4-hydroxyproline are active in physical exercise (Rogerson 2017 ). For example, we found the half-lives of free 4-hydroxyproline in the blood of 8-and 160-day-old pigs are 46.2 ± 2.8 and 60.5 ± 3.3 min (mean ± SEM, n = 6), respectively, as determined by intravenous administration of 4-hydroxyproline (50 mg/kg BW) and the single exponential model of its pharmacokinetics (Wu et al. 2007 ). keywords: acids; administration; adult; alanine; amino; anserine; beef; bile; brain; carnosine; cells; collagen; concentrations; creatine; day; dietary; effects; et al; glycine; health; histidine; humans; hydroxyproline; hyp; liver; muscle; oral; plasma; protein; rats; supplementation; synthesis; taurine; tissues; wu et cache: cord-319646-6cex9gid.txt plain text: cord-319646-6cex9gid.txt item: #221 of 288 id: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8 author: Ruiz, Sara I. title: Chapter 38 Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases date: 2013-12-31 words: 28862 flesch: 41 summary: Wild-type C57BL/6 adult mice are not permissive to chikungunya virus infection by intradermal inoculation. [Comparative Study Research Support Characterization of clinical and immune response in a rotavirus diarrhea model in suckling Lewis rats Development of a heterologous model in germfree suckling rats for studies of rotavirus diarrhea Studies of oral rehydration solutions in animal models Induction of mucosal immune responses and protection against enteric viruses: rotavirus infection of gnotobiotic pigs as a model Developmental immunity in the piglet Swine in biomedical research Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus Characterisation of the primary local and systemic immune response in gnotobiotic lambs against rotavirus infection Experimental infection of non-human primates with a human rotavirus isolate Development of a rotavirus-shedding model in rhesus macaques, using a homologous wild-type rotavirus of a new P genotype Reflections on 30 years of AIDS HIVs and their replication The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection: transmission, prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in humanized BLT mice Hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NOD/ SCID/IL2Rgamma null mice develop human lymphoid systems and induce long-lasting HIV-1 infection with specific humoral immune responses HIV-1 infection and CD4 T cell depletion in the humanized Rag2Ã�/Ã� gamma cÃ�/Ã� (RAG-hu) mouse model HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis in a novel humanized mouse model Induction of robust cellular and humoral virusspecific adaptive immune responses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected humanized BLT mice An aptamer-siRNA chimera suppresses HIV-1 viral loads and protects from helper CD4(þ) T cell decline in humanized mice Mucosal immunity and vaccines Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1 Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus Limited dissemination of pathogenic SIV after vaginal challenge of rhesus monkeys immunized with a live Virulence and reduced fitness of simian immunodeficiency virus with the M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase SIV-induced impairment of neurovascular repair: a potential role for VEGF Therapeutic DNA vaccine induces broad T cell responses in the gut and sustained protection from viral rebound and AIDS in SIV-infected rhesus macaques A Nonfucosylated variant of the anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibody b12 has enhanced FcgammaRIIIamediated antiviral activity in vitro but does not improve protection against mucosal SHIV challenge in macaques A trivalent recombinant Ad5 gag/pol/nef vaccine fails to protect rhesus macaques from infection or control virus replication after a limiting-dose heterologous SIV challenge Animal model for the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with reverse transcriptase inhibitors Susceptibility of HIV-2, SIV and SHIV to various anti-HIV-1 compounds: implications for treatment and postexposure prophylaxis Use of a small molecule CCR5 inhibitor in macaques to treat simian immunodeficiency virus infection or prevent simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection SHIV-1157i and passaged progeny viruses encoding R5 HIV-1 clade C env cause AIDS in rhesus monkeys Update on animal models for HIV research Limited or no protection by weakly or nonneutralizing antibodies against vaginal SHIV challenge of macaques compared with a strongly neutralizing antibody Macaque studies of vaccine and microbicide combinations for preventing HIV-1 sexual transmission Vpx is Critical for SIVmne infection of pigtail macaques Impact of short-term HAART initiated during the chronic stage or shortly post-exposure on SIV infection of male genital organs The rhesus macaque pediatric SIV infection modeld a valuable tool in understanding infant HIV-1 pathogenesis and for designing pediatric HIV-1 prevention strategies Perinatal transmission of SHIV-SF162P3 in Macaca nemestrina Immune and genetic correlates of vaccine protection against mucosal infection by SIV in monkeys Chronic administration of tenofovir to rhesus macaques from infancy through adulthood and pregnancy: summary of pharmacokinetics and biological and virological effects Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the step study): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial Human papillomavirus in cervical cancer Human papillomavirus research: do we still need animal models? Animal models of papillomavirus pathogenesis Evidence of human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness in reducing genital warts: an analysis of California public family planning administrative claims data The rabbit viral skin papillomas and carcinomas: a model for the immunogenetics of HPV-associated carcinogenesis Protection of beagle dogs from mucosal challenge with canine oral papillomavirus by immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing codon-optimized early genes Naturally occurring, nonregressing canine oral papillomavirus infection: host immunity, virus characterization, and experimental infection Regression of canine oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4þ and CD8þ lymphocytes Characterization and experimental transmission of an oncogenic papillomavirus in female macaques A multimeric L2 vaccine for prevention of animal papillomavirus infections Preclinical development of highly effective and safe DNA vaccines directed against HPV 16 E6 and E7 US doctors investigate more than 50 possible cases of monkeypox Isolation of monkeypox virus from wild squirrel infected in nature Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures Human monkeypox infection: a family cluster in the midwestern United States Human monkeypox and other poxvirus infections of man The confirmation and maintenance of smallpox eradication Human monkeypox Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models A prairie dog animal model of systemic orthopoxvirus disease using west African and Congo Basin strains of monkeypox virus Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging Comparative pathology of North American and central African strains of monkeypox virus in a ground squirrel model of the disease Experimental infection of an African dormouse (Graphiurus kelleni) with monkeypox virus A mouse model of lethal infection for evaluating prophylactics and therapeutics against monkeypox virus Experimental infection of ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of prairie dogs with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) with aerosolized monkeypox virus The pathology of experimental aerosolized monkeypox virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox Smallpox vaccine does not protect macaques with AIDS from a lethal monkeypox virus challenge Smallpox vaccine-induced antibodies are necessary and sufficient for protection against monkeypox virus Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and west African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates keywords: acute; animal; animal models; challenge; cynomolgus; days; dengue; develop; disease; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; experimental; fever; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; influenza; inoculation; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mortality; mouse; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strains; studies; study; symptoms; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8.txt plain text: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8.txt item: #222 of 288 id: cord-320005-i30t7cvr author: Pardo, A. title: The Human Genome and Advances in Medicine: Limits and Future Prospects date: 2004-03-31 words: 4923 flesch: 45 summary: A blueprint for the genomic era Human genome sequencing Available at The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster Genome sequence of the rematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating biology. The identification of the different groups of genes involved in the pathogenic processes of human disease will also facilitate the discovery of new molecular targets that can eventually be used in the treatment of such diseases. keywords: chromosome; disease; dna; example; genes; genome; human; regions; sequences; sequencing cache: cord-320005-i30t7cvr.txt plain text: cord-320005-i30t7cvr.txt item: #223 of 288 id: cord-320283-nkb9nzyt author: Wiebers, David O. title: What the COVID-19 Crisis Is Telling Humanity date: 2020-06-04 words: 2221 flesch: 38 summary: One further fundamental source for the increasing threat of pandemics and other human health crises is habitat destruction. Humans may be exposed to antibiotic-resistant organisms by handling or eating raw or undercooked meat, coming into contact with farm animals or their feces, and/ or eating produce or consuming water (including recreational water) that has come into contact with animal feces [17] . keywords: animals; covid-19; health; human; pandemic; world cache: cord-320283-nkb9nzyt.txt plain text: cord-320283-nkb9nzyt.txt item: #224 of 288 id: cord-320988-yjxbm4tn author: Correa, M.T. title: Slum Livestock Agriculture date: 2014-08-21 words: 7379 flesch: 52 summary: Notwithstanding the risk of disease transmission, slum livestock agriculture plays an essential role in the livelihoods of people and deserves consideration in urban planning and policy making. With one in every seven people living in a slum, ensuring sufficient food becomes a concern; slum livestock agriculture could be part of the solution to fulfill the nutritional needs of that many people (United Nations Human Settlements Programme, 2003) . keywords: agriculture; animals; cattle; chickens; countries; disease; food; health; human; livestock; markets; people; pigs; population; production; slums; urban cache: cord-320988-yjxbm4tn.txt plain text: cord-320988-yjxbm4tn.txt item: #225 of 288 id: cord-321835-qn33sx8x author: Bailey, Emily S. title: A Mini Review of the Zoonotic Threat Potential of Influenza Viruses, Coronaviruses, Adenoviruses, and Enteroviruses date: 2018-04-09 words: 3724 flesch: 36 summary: Types of Influenza Viruses Influenza A(H3N2) virus in swine at agricultural fairs and transmission to humans Are people living near modern swine production facilities at increased risk of influenza virus infection? Evidence for cross-species influenza Among the recently emerged respiratory pathogens are influenza viruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses. keywords: cases; disease; human; infection; influenza; novel; outbreak; transmission; viruses cache: cord-321835-qn33sx8x.txt plain text: cord-321835-qn33sx8x.txt item: #226 of 288 id: cord-321993-uazc3lyg author: Hedrick, Stephen M. title: The Imperative to Vaccinate date: 2018-10-31 words: 4191 flesch: 49 summary: Infectious diseases are a major, and almost certainly permanent, part of human existence. World Health Organization Vaccination and herd immunity to infectious diseases Why does measles persist in Europe Vaccination and the theory of games 1491: keywords: agents; children; community; disease; measles; people; population; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-321993-uazc3lyg.txt plain text: cord-321993-uazc3lyg.txt item: #227 of 288 id: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx author: Kahn, R. E. title: 6th International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses date: 2012-09-07 words: 19173 flesch: 32 summary: Such research begins with either in vitro studies of virus replication on cell lines or primary cell cultures, moving to nonhuman primate models of virus infection. Already, a good understanding of the 'timing' and extent of immune (innate)-mediated injury after virus infection has been achieved. keywords: analysis; animal; avian; bats; bse; cell; disease; emergence; et al; fever; food; h5n1; health; host; human; infection; influenza; influenza viruses; laboratory; new; pandemic; pathogens; pigs; potential; presentation; professor; public; research; response; risk; species; states; studies; study; swine; system; transmission; united; virus; viruses; zoonotic cache: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx.txt plain text: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx.txt item: #228 of 288 id: cord-323380-hm9wd817 author: Helmy, Yosra A. title: A Comprehensive Review of Common Bacterial, Parasitic and Viral Zoonoses at the Human-Animal Interface in Egypt date: 2017-07-21 words: 9801 flesch: 42 summary: The highest prevalences of S. haematobium were detected in lower Egypt [106, 109] , while the highest prevelance of S. mansoni was detected around central Egypt [102, 118, 119] . Q fever may be enzootic in cattle in northern Egypt keywords: animals; antibodies; children; control; cryptosporidium; egypt; egyptian; epidemiology; fascioliasis; fever; gondii; governorate; health; human; infection; nile; prevalence; rift; schistosomiasis; valley; virus; zoonotic cache: cord-323380-hm9wd817.txt plain text: cord-323380-hm9wd817.txt item: #229 of 288 id: cord-324295-9c1zxjng author: Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine title: Bats in Ecosystems and their Wide Spectrum of Viral Infectious Threats: SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging viruses date: 2020-08-20 words: 3771 flesch: 40 summary: A study detected a high seroprevalence of antibodies against Marburg virus in fruit bats in South Africa, with a 19.1% seroconversion rate in recaptured bats 24 ; Another study detected MARV genome in bats captured in Zambia 25 ; and a posterior serosurvey identified filovirus-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies in 71 out of 748 serum samples collected from migratory fruit bats 26 . Multiple studies point at bats of the genus Myotis as the main reservoir for Ebola virus given that these bats carry a copy of viral gene VP35 (Table 3) Studies in Africa analyzed 4,022 blood samples from bats, detecting antibodies against Ebola virus in one genus of insectivorous bats and six species of fruit bats 29 . keywords: bats; encephalitis; fruit; humans; rabies; species; study; table; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-324295-9c1zxjng.txt plain text: cord-324295-9c1zxjng.txt item: #230 of 288 id: cord-324369-zizyxb6y author: Baptista, João title: Digital work and organisational transformation: Emergent digital/human work configurations in modern organisations date: 2020-06-29 words: 8196 flesch: 25 summary: We put Digital first in Digital/Human configurations to denote the emergence of new human digital work to manage these configurations where digital has an unprecedented role while human effort and endeavour is even more critical. We use this conceptual foundation to make an explicit link between these types of work technologies and organisational transformation and offer a richer and more comprehensive view of the role and effects of workplace technologies in organisations. keywords: configurations; digital; effects; effort; human; order; organisations; technologies; work; workplace cache: cord-324369-zizyxb6y.txt plain text: cord-324369-zizyxb6y.txt item: #231 of 288 id: cord-324953-3sacf4wu author: Childs, James E. title: Introduction: Conceptualizing and Partitioning the Emergence Process of Zoonotic Viruses from Wildlife to Humans date: 2007 words: 9017 flesch: 21 summary: Ignoring the intricacies of zoonotic virus transmission among wildlife H R s guarantees that solutions springing from a traditional anthropocentric disease-treatment/vaccine-preventative approach will consider a limited universe of defensive prevention targets and generate a restricted arsenal of intervention tools . The underlying feature distinguishing modifying factors (Fig. 1 , right panel) from transition stages in zoonotic virus emergence (Fig. 1, left panel) is that the former requires the substrate provided by the latter on which to act. keywords: chapter; disease; emergence; et al; h s; host; human; new; population; rabies; sars; species; spillover; transmission; virus; viruses; volume; zoonotic cache: cord-324953-3sacf4wu.txt plain text: cord-324953-3sacf4wu.txt item: #232 of 288 id: cord-327063-ea7a1xfl author: Dhama, Kuldeep title: SARS-CoV-2 jumping the species barrier: zoonotic lessons from SARS, MERS and recent advances to combat this pandemic virus date: 2020-08-02 words: 11075 flesch: 42 summary: CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 UPDATE (22): COMPANION ANIMAL, DOG SUSPECTED, REQUEST FOR INFORMATION Infection of dogs with SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus can infect cats -dogs, not so much First detection and genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in an infected cat in France Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets Belgian cat infected by owner. key: cord-327063-ea7a1xfl authors: Dhama, Kuldeep; Patel, Shailesh Kumar; Sharun, Khan; Pathak, Mamta; Tiwari, Ruchi; Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal; Malik, Yashpal Singh; Sah, Ranjit; Rabaan, Ali A.; Panwar, Parmod Kumar; Singh, Karam Pal; Michalak, Izabela; Chaicumpa, Wanpen; Martinez-Pulgarin, Dayron F.; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. title: SARS-CoV-2 jumping the species barrier: zoonotic lessons from SARS, MERS and recent advances to combat this pandemic virus date: 2020-08-02 journal: keywords: animal; bats; cases; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; health; host; human; infection; mers; novel; pandemic; patients; pneumonia; receptor; sars; species; spillover; transmission cache: cord-327063-ea7a1xfl.txt plain text: cord-327063-ea7a1xfl.txt item: #233 of 288 id: cord-327432-ogw27tob author: Zhang, Feng-jian title: Expert Consensus on Nurses’ Human Caring for COVID-19 Patients in Different Sites date: 2020-08-07 words: 3322 flesch: 34 summary: Patients with common fever, suspected infection, and confirmed COVID-19 infection, should be classified and managed in different ways by following guidelines; (10) Assess the basic needs of patients, and provide warm food and warm water according to their needs. Invite the psychologist or relevant specialist to intervene for severe psychological problems; (7) Assist patients in arranging further consultation and other matters; (8) Record the patient's special problems or conditions for other healthcare workers to pay attention to in future follow-up; (9) Provide necessary assistance for patients to return to their work; (1) Receive patient forwardly and warmly with polite manner and moderate voice, and introduce the name and role to the patients; (2) Keep the clinic area spacious, and decorate the area with clear signs, warm colors, green plants, and positive energy posters; (3) Design a quick physical examination process, guide the recovered person to finish the examination at different times. keywords: caring; covid-19; health; human; needs; patients; treatment cache: cord-327432-ogw27tob.txt plain text: cord-327432-ogw27tob.txt item: #234 of 288 id: cord-328403-139ejlgo author: Ringshausen, F.C. title: Neue und seltene pneumotrope Viren date: 2013-08-15 words: 1319 flesch: 37 summary: Da diese Methoden nicht auf der klassischen Viruskultur mit zytopathischem Effekt, sondern auf dem alleinigen molekularbiologischen Nachweis entsprechender viraler Nukleinsäuren basieren, gestaltet sich der Beweis der Virulenz aufgrund der Nichtanwendbarkeit der modifizierten Henle-Koch-Postulate schwierig Wir haben mit der Ärzte Zeitung digital konsequent unsere Tageszeitung für Ärzte in das digitale Zeitalter überführt, kommentiert Harm van Maanen, Executive Vice President von Springer Medizin, die Auszeichnung für die Fachtageszeitung. keywords: den; der; die; für; human; mit; sind; und; viren; viruses; von; wupyv cache: cord-328403-139ejlgo.txt plain text: cord-328403-139ejlgo.txt item: #235 of 288 id: cord-329149-1giy1fow author: Martinez-Martin, Nadia title: Technologies for Proteome-Wide Discovery of Extracellular Host-Pathogen Interactions date: 2017-02-22 words: 11184 flesch: 20 summary: Interestingly, this study highlighted a small set of extracellular host proteins recurrently targeted by several of the viral and bacterial pathogens analyzed, including cell surface receptors such as VEGFR2/KDR and collagen, possibly indicating previously unrecognized roles in the immune response against pathogens. In addition, interactions between cell surface proteins are often characterized by fast dissociation rates and therefore weak binding affinities, and in consequence well-established PPI methods such as yeast-two-hybrid or affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP/MS) largely fail to detect these interactions. keywords: approach; binding; cell; detection; entry; extracellular; genes; host; human; identification; infection; interactions; membrane; microarrays; molecules; novel; pathogen; protein; receptor; screens; studies; study; surface; virus cache: cord-329149-1giy1fow.txt plain text: cord-329149-1giy1fow.txt item: #236 of 288 id: cord-330312-1pjolkql author: Liu, Y.-T. title: Infectious Disease Genomics date: 2017-01-20 words: 5181 flesch: 36 summary: 16, 17 The genomes of human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and its major mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae were published in 2002. In order to understand potential functions of human genes through comparative sequence analyses, they also advised that the HGP must not be restricted to the human genome and should include model organisms including mouse, bacteria, yeast, fruit fly, and worm. keywords: acid; artemisinin; disease; genome; hgp; human; influenza; malaria; parasites; project; sequence; sequencing; vaccine; vector; virus cache: cord-330312-1pjolkql.txt plain text: cord-330312-1pjolkql.txt item: #237 of 288 id: cord-330970-6kkqoh7f author: Weiss, Robin A title: Apes, lice and prehistory date: 2009-02-10 words: 5109 flesch: 73 summary: So was there duplication and separation of lice in the African anthropoid ape lineage, where they could have occupied separate ecological niches, rather as human head lice and pubic lice do today? Such infidelity may account for the survival of certain types of human lice, and it is currently exemplified by viruses such as HIV. keywords: body; hair; head; host; human; lice; species cache: cord-330970-6kkqoh7f.txt plain text: cord-330970-6kkqoh7f.txt item: #238 of 288 id: cord-331255-t85yioyl author: Rohr, Jason R. title: Emerging human infectious diseases and the links to global food production date: 2019-06-11 words: 9091 flesch: 22 summary: Here, we synthesize the pathways by which projected agricultural expansion and intensification will influence human infectious diseases and how human infectious diseases might likewise affect food production and distribution. Here, we review both the beneficial and adverse effects of agricultural expansion and intensification on the transmission of human infectious diseases. keywords: agriculture; development; disease; effects; emergence; example; food; health; human; increase; infections; livestock; pathogens; people; population; poverty; production; risk; use cache: cord-331255-t85yioyl.txt plain text: cord-331255-t85yioyl.txt item: #239 of 288 id: cord-331288-elnwn7l5 author: Grützmacher, Kim title: Human quarantine: Toward reducing infectious pressure on chimpanzees at the Taï Chimpanzee Project, Côte d'Ivoire date: 2017-01-17 words: 3696 flesch: 37 summary: This study investigates the incidence of respiratory symptoms and human respiratory viruses in humans at a human‐great ape interface, the Taï Chimpanzee Project (TCP) in Côte d'Ivoire, and consequently, the effectiveness of a 5‐day quarantine designed to reduce the risk of potential exposure to human respiratory pathogens. This study investigates the incidence of respiratory symptoms and human respiratory viruses in humans at a human-great ape interface, the Taï Chimpanzee Project (TCP) in Côte d'Ivoire, and consequently, the effectiveness of a 5-day quarantine designed to reduce the risk of potential exposure to human respiratory pathogens. keywords: chimpanzees; human; pathogens; quarantine; risk; symptoms cache: cord-331288-elnwn7l5.txt plain text: cord-331288-elnwn7l5.txt item: #240 of 288 id: cord-331343-qzvwwca9 author: Mason, Andrew L. title: Metagenomics and the case of the deadly hamster date: 2008-06-09 words: 2839 flesch: 42 summary: On occasion, a zoonosis may become permanently resident in the human population as endemic infection, as observed with human immunodeficiency virus I and human immunodeficiency virus II derived from chim-panzees and sooty mangabeys, respectively. Depending on the location, a variable proportion (ϳ10%) of the population has serologic evidence of prior Lassa virus infection with a calculated ratio of infection to fatality of approximately 1% to 2%. keywords: collagen; donor; infection; lcmv; liver; rodent; transplant; virus; viruses cache: cord-331343-qzvwwca9.txt plain text: cord-331343-qzvwwca9.txt item: #241 of 288 id: cord-331584-z43ifmr3 author: Mahy, B.W.J. title: Emerging and Reemerging Virus Diseases of Vertebrates date: 2008-07-30 words: 3985 flesch: 44 summary: The threat of a new pandemic of influenza virus in the human population stresses the need for development of better methods for detection, surveillance, and control of emerging virus diseases. Many important virus diseases are spread by arthropods, and exposure to new arthropods and the viruses they carry is critical to the emergence of new virus diseases. keywords: cause; disease; example; fever; human; new; population; virus; viruses cache: cord-331584-z43ifmr3.txt plain text: cord-331584-z43ifmr3.txt item: #242 of 288 id: cord-332379-340wczmq author: Pennington, Matthew R. title: Disparate Entry of Adenoviruses Dictates Differential Innate Immune Responses on the Ocular Surface date: 2019-09-13 words: 11603 flesch: 33 summary: Corneal epithelial cell infection by tropic HAdVs also occurs via a dynamin 2-independent pathway (manuscript in preparation). Corneal epithelial cell infection by tropic HAdVs also occurs via a dynamin 2-independent pathway (manuscript in preparation). keywords: adenovirus; cells; conjunctival; corneal; d37; dynamin; ekc; endocytosis; entry; expression; hadv; host; human; immune; infected; infection; keratitis; keratocytes; pathway; responses; surface; type cache: cord-332379-340wczmq.txt plain text: cord-332379-340wczmq.txt item: #243 of 288 id: cord-332569-af8oq2d6 author: Friedman, Henry title: The Critical Role of Nonhuman Primates in Medical Research date: 2017-08-23 words: 4633 flesch: 53 summary: â�¢ Naturally regenerative mechanism discovered in the mature NHP brain, spurring new research toward curing Alzheimer's and other degenerative brain disorders. Monkeys are crucial to ongoing HIV research because of the combination of their unique biology among animals and their longevity, which is key in HIV studies that take from months to years to complete. keywords: brain; development; disease; hiv; human; monkeys; research; use; � ¢ cache: cord-332569-af8oq2d6.txt plain text: cord-332569-af8oq2d6.txt item: #244 of 288 id: cord-333405-ji58jbct author: Morens, David M. title: The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases date: 2004-07-08 words: 6423 flesch: 33 summary: Germs and Genocide in Hawai'i Agents of Apocalypse: Epidemic Disease in the Colonial Philippines Measles in Fiji, 1875: thoughts on the history of emerging infectious diseases Die Aetiologie der Milzbrand-Krankheit, begründet auf die Entwicklungsgeschichte des Bacillus Anthracis. Microbial Threats to Health in the United States: Emergence, Detection and Response Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases: a multidisciplinary perspective Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases Infectious history Emerging infectious diseases in the 21st century Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease The origins of acquired immune deficiency viruses: where and when? keywords: agents; aids; dengue; diseases; eis; emergence; factors; health; hiv; human; infections; influenza; microbial; new; vaccines; virus; viruses cache: cord-333405-ji58jbct.txt plain text: cord-333405-ji58jbct.txt item: #245 of 288 id: cord-334353-nc2jhemz author: Murphy, Thérèse title: IS HUMAN RIGHTS PREPARED? RISK, RIGHTS AND PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCIES date: 2009-05-08 words: 8533 flesch: 52 summary: Putting that another way, human rights preparedness-and, in particular, engagement with 'rights as risk'-is likely to be human rights without a safety net. Michael Likosky, discussing the imperative of governments and private companies to manage human rights risks in joint projects, emphasises that organisations' risk-mitigation strategies will vary. keywords: article; disease; emergency; example; health; law; measures; preparedness; public; response; rights; risk; security; states cache: cord-334353-nc2jhemz.txt plain text: cord-334353-nc2jhemz.txt item: #246 of 288 id: cord-335302-6wsx0jby author: Mahy, Brian W.J. title: The diversity of viruses infecting humans date: 2011-12-12 words: 2867 flesch: 34 summary: Although human viruses have been studied for more than a century, it has become clear in the last 15 -20 years that a large number of new human virus infections have been newly recognized (Mahy and Murphy 2005) . For these reasons, any consideration of the diversity of human viruses must take into account that there has been no systematic search for human viruses that may or may not be associated with disease. keywords: coronavirus; disease; human; viruses cache: cord-335302-6wsx0jby.txt plain text: cord-335302-6wsx0jby.txt item: #247 of 288 id: cord-335311-l73hsik0 author: Chan, Conrad E. Z. title: The role of phage display in therapeutic antibody discovery date: 2014-08-18 words: 7050 flesch: 19 summary: Today, a wide variety of antibody phage display libraries exist, with the antibodies displayed either as Fabs, scFvs (single-chain variable fragments) or sdAbs (single-domain antibodies) in fusion with typically the gene III coat protein (6,7) (Fig. 1 ). In recent years, similar methodologies have also been employed with antibody phage libraries not only to identify potentially therapeutic antibodies but also for determining the accessibility of a given target (66) , further expanding the boundaries of phage display technology. keywords: affinity; antibodies; antibody; antigen; binding; cells; display; generation; human; libraries; library; phage; protein; selection; synthetic cache: cord-335311-l73hsik0.txt plain text: cord-335311-l73hsik0.txt item: #248 of 288 id: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj author: Berry, Michael title: Identification of New Respiratory Viruses in the New Millennium date: 2015-03-06 words: 7487 flesch: 33 summary: Between 7% and 19% of all cases of respiratory infections in children are caused by hMPV, in both hospitalized and outpatients [108, 131, 132] and has been reported to be the second most frequently identified virus in respiratory tract infections [133] . Viral upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media complication in young children The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States The clinical impact of human respiratory virus infections The Global Burden of Disease Center for Population and Development Studies: Massachusetts Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Children with multiple viral respiratory infections are older than those with single viruses Systematic review of the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection Viral infections of the lower respiratory tract: Old viruses, new viruses, and the role of diagnosis Coronavirus HKU1 and Other Coronavirus Infections in Hong Kong Human coronavirus and acute respiratory illness in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: Comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden Respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer Epidemiology of respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a tertiary hospital Impact of viral infections in children with community-acquired pneumonia: keywords: acute; bocavirus; children; coronavirus; disease; hcov; human; infection; metapneumovirus; patients; sars; syndrome; tract; viruses cache: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj.txt plain text: cord-335567-ssnvr6nj.txt item: #249 of 288 id: cord-336117-hit4kza8 author: Heymann, D.L. title: Emerging Infections, the International Health Regulations, and Macro-Economy date: 2014-02-27 words: 3358 flesch: 41 summary: The International Health Regulations (IHR) were designed to respond to the international spread of infectious disease outbreaks in a manner that prevents unnecessary negative economic impacts. By the time of the SARS outbreak, a new way of detecting and responding to infectious disease outbreaks had been developed by WHO as a precursor to the revision of the IHR, and it was these ways of working that led to the coordinated global response to SARS. keywords: health; human; ihr; international; sars; spread; world cache: cord-336117-hit4kza8.txt plain text: cord-336117-hit4kza8.txt item: #250 of 288 id: cord-336157-aqc9zrrm author: Liang, Guodong title: Factors responsible for the emergence of arboviruses; strategies, challenges and limitations for their control date: 2015-03-25 words: 4112 flesch: 36 summary: [52] [53] Now, in the 21st century genetically engineered live attenuated vaccines can be manufactured within months, to protect humans against the ravages of pandemic influenza and other virus diseases. Therefore, unlike, smallpox virus, measles virus or poliovirus, arbovirus disease control based on humans, livestock and/or domestic animals cannot eradicate the arbovirus. keywords: animals; arboviruses; control; disease; fever; humans; mosquitoes; species; strategies; transmission; virus cache: cord-336157-aqc9zrrm.txt plain text: cord-336157-aqc9zrrm.txt item: #251 of 288 id: cord-336464-eslgz1ka author: Chomel, Bruno B. title: Wildlife, Exotic Pets, and Emerging Zoonoses date: 2007-01-17 words: 3477 flesch: 34 summary: More than 25 outbreaks of human infectious diseases associated with visitors to animal exhibits were identifi ed during 1990-2000 (33) . Exotic pets are also a source of several human infections that vary from severe monkeypox related to pet prairie dogs or lyssaviruses in pet bats to less severe but more common ringworm infections acquired from African pygmy hedgehogs or chinchillas. keywords: animals; cases; disease; emergence; human; infection; new; trade; virus; wildlife; zoonotic cache: cord-336464-eslgz1ka.txt plain text: cord-336464-eslgz1ka.txt item: #252 of 288 id: cord-337058-rhu5hp9t author: Snyder, Brian F. title: The genetic and cultural evolution of unsustainability date: 2020-04-06 words: 8608 flesch: 33 summary: Instead, we simply note that human populations have repeatedly experienced collapse and in many of these cases, environmental and resource constraints are implicated. We define socio-ecological crisis as a situation in which human populations have expanded close to or beyond their ability to gather energy and materials from their environment which imperils the population and its standard of living. keywords: cultural; energy; environment; evolution; extraction; group; humans; increase; population; selection; socio cache: cord-337058-rhu5hp9t.txt plain text: cord-337058-rhu5hp9t.txt item: #253 of 288 id: cord-337218-risqto89 author: Chu, Ellen W. title: Environmental Impact, Concept and Measurement of date: 2013-02-05 words: 16641 flesch: 44 summary: Understanding, measuring, and managing human environmental impacts – the most important of which is the impoverishment of living systems – is the 21st century's greatest challenge. These perspectives miss a crucial point: the reason pollution, energy use, extinction, and dozens of other human impacts are important is their larger impact on the biosphere. keywords: biotic; century; condition; earth; economic; ecosystems; effects; environmental; example; food; health; human; impoverishment; land; life; living; nations; nature; organisms; people; plants; resources; services; soil; species; states; systems; united; water; world; years cache: cord-337218-risqto89.txt plain text: cord-337218-risqto89.txt item: #254 of 288 id: cord-337464-otwps68u author: Parray, Hilal Ahmed title: Hybridoma technology a versatile method for isolation of monoclonal antibodies, its applicability across species, limitations, advancement and future perspectives date: 2020-05-27 words: 12214 flesch: 34 summary: The rabbit IgGs are somewhat simpler than the mouse and human antibodies. Human hybridoma technology which allows the direct generation of human antibodies in a native form, is the most direct effective approach for the production of natural therapeutic and diagnostic antibodies with no additional modifications require [54] . keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigen; applications; cells; chicken; development; fusion; generation; human; hybridoma; hybridoma technology; igg; immune; mabs; method; mice; monoclonal; mouse; myeloma; production; rabbit; technology; therapeutic; transgenic; virus cache: cord-337464-otwps68u.txt plain text: cord-337464-otwps68u.txt item: #255 of 288 id: cord-337646-gkcm6ds0 author: None title: The Federation’s Pages: WFPHA: World Federation of Public Health Associations www.wfpha.org Bettina Borisch and Marta Lomazzi, Federation’s Pages Editors date: 2020-09-17 words: 2533 flesch: 40 summary: Diverging views on whether to prioritize human health or the economy resulted in debate, social media storms, pushback, political division, and considerable variation in intra-national enthusiasm to implement full lockdown. Environment preservation is urgent for many reasons: conservation of biodiversity, the fight against climate change, reduction of air, water and food pollution, and improvement of human health and quality of life [18] . keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; food; health; pandemic; transmission; water; world cache: cord-337646-gkcm6ds0.txt plain text: cord-337646-gkcm6ds0.txt item: #256 of 288 id: cord-337659-x4oywbrj author: Wilson, Brenda A. title: Global biosecurity in a complex, dynamic world date: 2008-07-31 words: 10629 flesch: 38 summary: Pollution and exposure to waste water or sewage can also lead to the emergence of new diseases. The Global Alert and Response Network (GOARN) was established in 2000 by WHO as a partnership of >140 institutions and networks to mobilize human and technical resources for the rapid identification and control of disease outbreaks that are of international importance [88] . keywords: animals; biosecurity; cholera; deaths; disease; drug; epidemic; food; global; health; hiv; human; new; outbreak; public; resistance; response; spread; transmission; u.s; virus; world cache: cord-337659-x4oywbrj.txt plain text: cord-337659-x4oywbrj.txt item: #257 of 288 id: cord-338468-c0jv3i1t author: Kanduc, Darja title: From Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses to COVID-19 via Molecular Mimicry date: 2020-07-16 words: 4156 flesch: 32 summary: Immunoreactive epitopes present in SARS-CoV-2 were mostly composed of peptide sequences present in human proteins that—when altered, mutated, deficient or, however, improperly functioning—may associate with a wide range of disorders, from respiratory distress to multiple organ failure. Actually, the mere sharing of peptide sequences between pathogens and human proteins might be of little significance whether it remained sterile of cross-reactive autoimmune reactions. keywords: cov-2; cross; epitopes; gene; hexapeptides; immune; mutations; proteins; receptor; sars; sharing; syndrome; table cache: cord-338468-c0jv3i1t.txt plain text: cord-338468-c0jv3i1t.txt item: #258 of 288 id: cord-338889-7hd3iibk author: Solbakk, Jan Helge title: Back to WHAT? The role of research ethics in pandemic times date: 2020-11-03 words: 11708 flesch: 47 summary: In this paper we disentangle some of the arguments put forward in the ongoing debate about Covid-19 human challenge studies (CHIs) and the concomitant role of health-related research ethics in pandemic times. In the next paragraph of this paper we will examine and critique in detail four position statements advocating the epistemological and ethical justifiability of conducting Covid-19 CHI-studies: P. Singer and R.Y. Chappell's, Pandemic ethics: The case for experiments on human volunteers 12 ; the report, Key criteria for the ethical acceptability of COVID-19 human challenge studies, issued by a working group set up by WHO 13 ; the Policy Forum statement, Ethics of controlled human infection to study by Shah, Miller, Darton et al.; 14 and Jamrozik and Selgelid's statement, In addition, we will consider other recent papers advocating the use of Covid-19 CHIs studies. keywords: challenge; cov-2; covid-19; et al; ethical; ethics; human; infection; pandemic; participants; research; rights; risk; sars; studies; study; trial; uncertainty; vaccine; virus cache: cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt plain text: cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt item: #259 of 288 id: cord-339341-c2o42b5j author: Matibag, Gino C. title: Advocacy, promotion and e-learning: Supercourse for zoonosis date: 2005-09-01 words: 5856 flesch: 37 summary: key: cord-339341-c2o42b5j authors: Matibag, Gino C.; Igarashi, Manabu; La Porte, Ron E.; Tamashiro, Hiko title: Advocacy, promotion and e-learning: Supercourse for zoonosis date: 2005-09-01 journal: Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine DOI: 10.1007/bf02897702 sha: doc_id: 339341 cord_uid: c2o42b5j This paper discusses the history of emerging infectious diseases, risk communication and perception, and the Supercourse lectures as means to strengthen the concepts and definition of risk management and global governance of zoonosis. World Health Organization Globalisation of prevention education: a golden lecture Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases Threats to global health and survival; the growing crises of tropical infectious diseasesan unfinished agenda Emerging infectious diseases among indigenous peoples Epidemiology of the plague of Athens The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492. keywords: agents; communication; development; diseases; emergence; factors; health; human; infections; information; people; public; risk; supercourse; world cache: cord-339341-c2o42b5j.txt plain text: cord-339341-c2o42b5j.txt item: #260 of 288 id: cord-339382-ii4xurmr author: Bachofen, Claudia title: Selected Viruses Detected on and in our Food date: 2018-03-21 words: 6539 flesch: 41 summary: Considering this fact, only relatively few outbreaks or cases of disease due to foodborne viruses are reported-in contrast to bacterial infections Furthermore, lacking awareness of clinicians [4] and a limitation of concerted surveillance programmes for foodborne viruses may contribute to underreporting [5] . keywords: animal; disease; foodborne; health; hepatitis; hev; human; infection; norovirus; nov; pigs; plant; porcine; species; transmission; viruses cache: cord-339382-ii4xurmr.txt plain text: cord-339382-ii4xurmr.txt item: #261 of 288 id: cord-339386-sxyeuiw1 author: McIntosh, Kenneth title: 157 Coronaviruses, Including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) date: 2015-12-31 words: 8508 flesch: 39 summary: Berlin Diarrhea/Wasting Syndrome Study Group Coronaviruslike particles and other agents in the faeces of children in Efate, Vanuatu Coronavirus-like particles in adults in Melbourne, Australia Coronaviruslike particles in human gastrointestinal disease: epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory observations An eight-year study of the viral agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans: ultrastructural observations and seasonal distribution with a major emphasis on coronavirus-like particles Isolation and characterization of current human coronavirus strains in primary human epithelia cultures reveals differences in target cell tropism Ultrastructure of human nasal epithelium during an episode of coronavirus infection Signs and symptoms in common colds Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirusassociated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study Detection of SARS-CoV RNA in stool samples of SARS patients by nest RT-PCR and its clinical value A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): a report from China Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS Time course and cellular localization of SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA in lungs from fatal cases of SARS Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses A case-control study of acute respiratory tract infection in general practice patients in The Netherlands Role of respiratory viruses in acute upper and lower respiratory tract illness in the first year of life: a birth cohort study Coronavirus infection in acute lower respiratory tract disease of infants Genetic variability of human coronavirus OC43-, 229E-, and NL63-like strains and their association with lower respiratory tract infections of hospitalized infants and immunocompromised patients The association of viral and bacterial respiratory infections with exacerbations of wheezing in young asthmatic children Recurrent wheezy bronchitis and viral respiratory infections Detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Coronavirus infections in military recruits: three-year study with coronavirus strains OC43 and 229E Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults Pan-viral screening of respiratory tract infections in adults with and without asthma reveals unexpected human coronavirus and human rhinovirus diversity Rhinovirus and coronavirus infection-associated hospitalizations among older adults A prospective, community-based study on virologic assessment among elderly people with and without symptoms of acute respiratory infection Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients Clinical impact of community-acquired respiratory viruses on bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant Clinical impact of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 infection in diverse adult populations The United Kingdom public health response to an Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV from bench to bedside: an update on structural properties, functions, and clinical aspects of the enzyme DPP IV World Health Organization. Experience in a regional hospital in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome among children Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 patients Imaging of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic and CT findings Thin-section CT of severe acute respiratory syndrome: evaluation of 73 patients exposed to or with the disease Early enhanced expression of interferon-inducible protein-10 (CXCL-10) and other chemokines predicts adverse outcome in severe acute respiratory syndrome Interferon-mediated immunopathological events are associated with atypical innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children Severe acute respiratory syndrome and pregnancy Viral discovery and sequence recovery using DNA microarrays Corona virus induced subacute demyelinating encephalomyelitis in rats: a morphological analysis Two coronaviruses isolated from central nervous system tissue of two multiple sclerosis patients Detection of coronavirus RNA and antigen in multiple sclerosis brain Human coronavirus gene expression in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients Long-term human coronavirus-myelin cross-reactive T-cell clones derived from multiple sclerosis patients Detection of coronavirus in the central nervous system of a child with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Diagnosis of human coronavirus infection by immunofluorescence: method and application to respiratory disease in hospitalized children Surveillance of community-acquired viral infections due to respiratory viruses in Rhone-Alpes (France) during winter 1994 to 1995 Clinical disease in children associated with newly described coronavirus subtypes Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome Treatment and vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS: systematic review of treatment effects Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Efficient replication of the novel human betacoronavirus EMC on primary human epithelium highlights its zoonotic potential Human cell tropism and innate immune system interactions of human respiratory coronavirus EMC compared to those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus The spike protein of SARS-CoVa target for vaccine and therapeutic development keywords: children; coronavirus; cov; covs; disease; hcov; human; infection; mers; oc43; patients; respiratory; sars; severe; syndrome; syndrome coronavirus; viruses cache: cord-339386-sxyeuiw1.txt plain text: cord-339386-sxyeuiw1.txt item: #262 of 288 id: cord-340101-n9zqc1gm author: Bzdok, Danilo title: The Neurobiology of Social Distance date: 2020-06-03 words: 9249 flesch: 38 summary: Analyses of information flow in social networks suggest that sources outside the 50 closest friendships offer few benefits [72] . Regular interaction with different people at the periphery of social networks can give rise to heightened perceived social and emotional fulfillment in ways that act as psychological buffers [24] , although this might depend on personality or social style [74] . keywords: brain; cortex; effects; friends; health; humans; individuals; isolation; life; loneliness; monkeys; network; people; prefrontal; relationships; size; social; stress; study cache: cord-340101-n9zqc1gm.txt plain text: cord-340101-n9zqc1gm.txt item: #263 of 288 id: cord-340629-1fle5fpz author: O’Shea, Helen title: Viruses Associated With Foodborne Infections date: 2019-05-21 words: 9411 flesch: 39 summary: However, in the Indian sub-continent, especially Bangladesh, where Nipah virus infection was first recognized in 2001, the major risk factor for contracting Nipah virus is drinking raw palm sap (Luby et al., 2006) . Some of these are human viruses that infect and cause illness following ingestion. keywords: assay; children; detection; disease; et al; food; foodborne; gastroenteritis; hepatitis; human; infection; influenza; rotavirus; species; symptoms; transmission; virus; viruses; water cache: cord-340629-1fle5fpz.txt plain text: cord-340629-1fle5fpz.txt item: #264 of 288 id: cord-340971-e42g37la author: Lehrer, Robert I. title: Defensins and Other Antimicrobial Peptides and Proteins date: 2007-05-09 words: 10475 flesch: 29 summary: Since the intestinal epithelium stem cells reside in the intestinal crypts, secretion of Paneth cell defensins into the crypt lumen (Figure 6. 3) could provide a protective barrier for this vital proliferative compartment. However, unlike the myeloid defensins, Paneth cell defensins are stored as propeptides, exclusively so in humans (Porter et al. 1998; Ouellette et al. 2000; Ghosh et al. 2002) . keywords: activity; antibacterial; bacteria; beta; cells; concentrations; defensins; epithelia; et al; expression; genes; granules; host; human; membrane; mice; neutrophils; paneth; peptides; protein; rabbit; vitro cache: cord-340971-e42g37la.txt plain text: cord-340971-e42g37la.txt item: #265 of 288 id: cord-341155-3d64mso0 author: Slots, Jørgen title: Bacterial and viral pathogens in saliva: disease relationship and infectious risk date: 2010-12-07 words: 9342 flesch: 22 summary: Human immunodeficiency virus infection is a potent herpesvirus re-activator, as demonstrated by a strong correlation between decreasing CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected patients and increasing rates of herpesvirus re-activation (34) . Identification of pathogen and host-response markers correlated with periodontal disease Quantitation of hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva and serum of patients coinfected with HCV and human immunodeficiency virus Quantitative determination of CMV-DNA in saliva of patients with bone marrow and stem cell transplantation using TaqMan-PCR Natural history of oral human papillomasvirus infections in female and male partners: a prospective Finnish HPV Family Study Use of throat swab or saliva specimens for detection of respiratory viruses in children The use of PVP-iodine as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis Quantitative studies on the salivary flora Antibody responses in oral fluid after administration of prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccines Human papillomavirus in saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma Periodontitis lesions are the main source of salivary cytomegalovirus Oral viral infections of children Oral mucosal fungal infections Severe acute respiratory syndrome and dentistry: a retrospective view Epstein-Barr virus specific salivary antibodies as related to stress caused by examinations Human cytomegalovirus salivary antibodies as related to stress Academic stress, immunological reaction, and academic performance among students of nursing and physiotherapy Periodontitis lesions are a source of salivary cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus Oral mucositis: a challenging complication of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiochemotherapy: part 1, pathogenesis and prophylaxis of mucositis Reactivation of human herpesvirus (HHV) family members other than HHV-6 in drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome Microbial testing in periodontics: value, limitations and future directions Investigating the concurrent presence of HCV in serum, oral fluid and urine samples from chronic HCV patients in Faisalabad Early childhood stress is associated with elevated antibody levels to herpes simplex virus type 1 The re-emergence of syphilis in the United Kingdom: the new epidemic phases Selection of antimicrobial agents in periodontal therapy Systemic antibiotics in periodontics Oral viral infections of adults Herpesviral-bacterial interactions in periodontal diseases Human viruses in periodontitis Age and sex relationships of superinfecting microorganisms in periodontitis patients Subgingival microflora of advanced periodontitis in the Dominican Republic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in human periodontal disease: a crosssectional microbiological investigation Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis Oral herpetic infections (HSV 1-8) Chronic herpesvirus reactivation occurs in aging Relationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis, Epstein-Barr virus infection and reactivation in periodontitis Patient with severe periodontitis and subgingival Epstein-Barr virus treated with antiviral therapy Progressive increase of human papillomavirus carriage rates in potentially malignant and malignant oral disorders with increasing malignant potential Risk of exposure to Legionella in dental practice A longitudinal study of Lancefield group keywords: bacteria; barr; disease; dna; epstein; hepatitis; herpesvirus; hiv; human; individuals; infection; pathogens; patients; periodontitis; risk; saliva; salivary; transmission; virus cache: cord-341155-3d64mso0.txt plain text: cord-341155-3d64mso0.txt item: #266 of 288 id: cord-341701-zropd3mo author: Adhikari, Subash title: A high-stringency blueprint of the human proteome date: 2020-10-16 words: 10143 flesch: 20 summary: Provides definitive MS data on 166,174 proteotypic peptides that facilitate the design of multiple, independent assays to quantify most human proteins, numerous splice-variants, non-synonymous mutations Identification and validation of human missing proteins and peptides in public proteome databases: data mining strategy Multi-laboratory assessment of reproducibility, qualitative and quantitative performance of SWATH-mass spectrometry A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics Spatial proteomics: a powerful discovery tool for cell biology Getting to know the neighborhood: using proximity-dependent biotinylation to characterize protein complexes and map organelles Antibodypedia, a portal for sharing antibody and antigen validation data Towards a knowledge-based human protein atlas A genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of protein-coding genes in human blood cells An atlas of the protein-coding genes in the human, pig, and mouse brain A subcellular map of the human proteome A pathology atlas of the human cancer transcriptome An atlas of human metabolism First of many encyclopedic HPA atlases that map the spatio-temporal expression human proteome based on integrated multi-omics data involving quantitative transcriptomics and Finally, the book of life and instructions for navigating it Metrics for the human proteome project 2013-2014 and strategies for finding missing proteins Standard guidelines for the chromosome-centric human proteome project A first step toward completion of a genome-wide characterization of the human proteome 2019 annual HPP metrics publication (NeXtProt 2019-01-11) reporting progress in credibly identifying and characterising the human proteome Details current high-stringency MS guidelines criteria used by the HPP for PE1 status (evidence for protein existence), where only protein entries with two or more neXtProt uniquely-mapping, non-nested peptides with length 9 amino acids or greater are deemed to have sufficient evidence Trans-Proteomic Pipeline, a standardized data processing pipeline for large-scale reproducible proteomics informatics The neXtProt peptide uniqueness checker: a tool for the proteomics community Looking for missing proteins in the proteome of human spermatozoa: an update On the proper use of mass accuracy in proteomics Precision proteomics: the case for high resolution and high mass accuracy Human proteome project mass spectrometry data interpretation guidelines 2.1 The FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship A draft map of the human proteome Mass-spectrometry-based draft of the human proteome Analyzing the first drafts of the human proteome Flexible and fast mapping of peptides to a proteome with ProteoMapper The chromosome-centric human proteome project for cataloging proteins encoded in the genome Advances in the chromosome-centric human proteome project: looking to the future Launching the C-HPP neXt-CP50 pilot project for functional characterization of identified proteins with no known function Human liver proteome project: plan, progress, and perspectives A cell-type-resolved liver proteome Proteomics identifies new therapeutic targets of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma Integrated multiomics example (proteome, phosphoproteome, transcriptome, and whole-exome sequencing) analyses leading to clinical outcomes, performed on 103 lung adenocarcinomas, revealing many cancer-associated features (e.g., tumourassociated variants, patient clinical outcome correlation with EGFR or TP53 mutational status, proteomic stratification of lung cancer subtypes and potential drug targets Proteome-wide profiling of activated transcription factors with a concatenated tandem array of transcription factor response elements A region-resolved mucosa proteome of the human stomach Antigen presentation profiling reveals recognition of lymphoma immunoglobulin neoantigens The immunopeptidomic landscape of ovarian carcinomas Precision profiling of the cardiovascular post-translationally modified proteome: where there is a will, there is a way In vivo phosphoproteome analysis reveals kinome reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma Protein s-nitrosylation controls glycogen synthase kinase 3β function independent of its phosphorylation state Generation and verification of a compendium of highly specific SRM assays that enable quantification of >95% of all annotated human proteins. keywords: analysis; assays; atlas; biology; cancer; cell; chr; community; data; detection; disease; entries; fig; genome; hpp; human; identification; infection; mass; nextprot; pe1; protein; proteome; proteomics; sars; spectrometry; stringency cache: cord-341701-zropd3mo.txt plain text: cord-341701-zropd3mo.txt item: #267 of 288 id: cord-342054-1u2fkwx3 author: Funaro, Ada title: Generation of potent neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against cytomegalovirus infection from immune B cells date: 2008-11-12 words: 5486 flesch: 36 summary: Therapeutic antibodies for human diseases at the draw of the twenty-first century Monoclonal antibody successes in the clinic Selecting and screening recombinant antibody libraries Human antibodies from transgenic animals Antibodies for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases Passive antibody therapy for infectious diseases Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of human monoclonal antibodies against H5N1 influenza Human monoclonal antibodies by immortalization of memory B cells EB virus-induced B lymphocyte cell lines producing specific antibodies Human monoclonals from antigen-specific selection of B lymphocytes and transformation by EBV Synergy between anti-CD40 MAb and Epstein-Barr virus in activation and transformation of human B lymphocytes An efficient method to make human monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells: potent neutralization of SARS coronavirus The human cytomegalovirus High risk of death due to bacterial and fungal infection among cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seronegative recipients of stem cell transplants from seropositive donors: evidence for indirect effects of primary CMV infection Acceleration of allograft failure by cytomegalovirus Human antibodies for immunotherapy development generated via a human B cell hybridoma technology Potent antibody therapeutics by design Local delivery of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides induces rapid changes in the genital mucosa and inhibits replication, but not entry, of herpes simplex virus type 2 Immunotherapeutic uses of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides Phosphorothioatemodified oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit human cytomegalovirus replication by blocking virus entry Innate apoptosis of human B lymphoblasts transformed by Epstein-Barr virus: modulation by cellular immortalization and senescence Epstein-Barr virus provides a new paradigm: a requirement for the immediate inhibition of apoptosis Steps involved in immortalization and tumorigenesis in human B-lymphoblastoid cell lines transformed by Epstein-Barr virus CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation Delineation of a CpG phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide for activating primate immune responses in vitro and in vivo Activation of human B cells by phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides Interferon-alpha/beta receptor-mediated selective induction of a gene cluster by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide Immune activation suppresses initiation of lytic Epstein-Barr virus infection The tolllike receptor repertoire of human B lymphocytes: inducible and selective expression of TLR9 and TLR10 in normal and transformed cells Mechanism and function of a newly identified CpG DNA motif in human primary B cells Determination of the role for CD21 during Epstein-Barr virus infection of B-lymphoblastoid cells Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell transformation: quantitating events from virus binding to cell outgrowth B cell activation and the establishment of Epstein-Barr virus latency Cell surface phenotyping and cytokine production of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) It has been reported that TLR-9 triggering resulted in higher transformation rates of B cells infected with EBV [12] but a comparison between EBV transformation in the presence of CpG2006 and EBV and after sequential exposure of B cells to CpG2006 and separately to EBV, was not investigated. keywords: activity; antibodies; cells; cpg2006; ebv; hcmv; human; igg; infection; lymphocytes; mab; mabs; virus cache: cord-342054-1u2fkwx3.txt plain text: cord-342054-1u2fkwx3.txt item: #268 of 288 id: cord-346245-o9hvuwvq author: Harvey, David J. title: Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2009–2010 date: 2014-05-26 words: 62921 flesch: 24 summary: A method for the quantification of fructo-oligosaccharides using MALDI TOF MS with DHB as the matrix, has been developed with the fructan, raftilose, a partially hydrolyzed inulin with a degree of polymeration 2-7 as the test compound (Onofrejová, Farková, & Preisler, 2009) . It was assumed that when the shockwave arrived at the sample surface it caused a second ablation of the neutral molecules (Hellwig et al., 2009) . keywords: acid; activity; addition; amino; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; application; approach; binding; biosynthesis; cancer; carbohydrate; cell; chains; characterization; chca; chemical; chemistry; chromatography; click; complex; compounds; core; cyclodextrin; data; derivatives; desorption; detection; determination; development; dhb; effect; enrichment; enzymatic; enzyme; et al; expression; formation; fragmentation; fragments; gal; galactose; glcnac; glucose; glycan analysis; glycans; glycans tof; glycomics; glycopeptides; glycoproteins; glycosylation; group; human; hydrolysis; identification; igg; imaging; ionic; ionization; ionization mass; ions; laser; laser desorption; lectin; linear; linkage; lipid; liquid; loss; low; maldi; maldi analysis; maldi ion; maldi ms; maldi synthesis; maldi tof; mannose; mass spectrometry; matrices; matrix; method; mode; molecular; molecules; mouse; ms analysis; ms n; nanoparticles; new; non; novel; oligosaccharides; phase; plant; pngase; potential; preparation; presence; production; profiling; properties; reaction; release; residues; residues tof; results; review; sample; serum; sialic; sialylated; sites; specific; spectra; spectrometric; structure; studies; study; sugar; sulfate; surface; synthesis; system; technique; time; tissue; tof; tof analysis; tof mass; tof ms; tof synthesis; tof use; type; use; wall cache: cord-346245-o9hvuwvq.txt plain text: cord-346245-o9hvuwvq.txt item: #269 of 288 id: cord-346308-9h2fk9qt author: Kaur, Rajwinder title: Microbiology of hospital wastewater date: 2020-05-01 words: 14679 flesch: 30 summary: and Enterobacteriaceae in sewage Hospital wastewater releases of carbapenem-resistance pathogens and genes in urban India Assessment of antibiotic-and disinfectant-resistant bacteria in hospital wastewater, south Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study Antibiotic susceptibilities of Enterococcus species isolated from hospital and domestic wastewater effluents in Alice, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in hospital effluents Insights into the relationship between antimicrobial residues and bacterial populations in a hospital-urban wastewater treatment plant system Influence of hospital wastewater discharged from University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) Multiresistance, beta-lactamaseencoding genes and bacterial diversity in hospital wastewater in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Enumeration and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli bacteria in effluent from municipal, hospital, and secondary treatment facility sources Antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from hospital wastewater in Vietnam Antibiotic resistant bacteria in hospital wastewaters and sewage treatment plants Dissemination of antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant S aureus strains isolated from hospital effluents Detection of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in hospital effluents and in the sewage treatment station of Goiânia Brazil Antimicrobial resistance of 3 types of gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospital surfaces and the hands of health care workers Abundance of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial community composition in wastewater effluents from different Romanian hospitals Vancomycin resistant enterococci: from the hospital effluent to the urban wastewater treatment plant The role of aquatic ecosystems as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance Environmental dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and correlation to anthropogenic contamination with antibiotics Occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in hospital and urban wastewaters and their impact on the receiving river Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes spread into the environment: a review Levels of antibiotic resistance genes in manure, biosolids, and fertilized soil Epidemiology of resistance to antibiotics: links between animals and humans Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in source and drinking water samples from a first nation community in Canada Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in drinking water treatment and distribution systems Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance, World Health Organization Society's failure to protect a precious resource: antibiotics Hospital effluents are one of several sources of metal, antibiotic resistance genes, and bacterial markers disseminated in Sub-Saharan urban rivers Identifying antimicrobial resistance genes with DNA microarrays Evidence of increasing antibiotic resistance gene abundances in archived soils since 1940 Antibiotic resistance genes in water environment Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and their relationship with antibiotics in the Huangpu River and the drinking water sources Multiple drug resistance and biocide resistance in Escherichia coli environmental isolates from hospital and household settings Wastewater treatment plant resistomes are shaped by bacterial composition, genetic exchange, and upregulated expression in the effluent microbiomes Tackling antibiotic resistance: the environmental framework Screening methods for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes present in bacterial isolates and the microbiota Culture-based methods for detection of antibiotic resistance in agroecosystems: advantages, challenges, and gaps in knowledge Insights into antibiotic resistance through metagenomic approaches Molecular evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility: keywords: analysis; antibiotics; args; bacteria; detection; dna; environment; fungal; genes; health; hospital; host; human; hww; infections; methods; norovirus; pathogens; pcr; present; prevalence; resistance; resistance genes; rotavirus; samples; species; transfer; treatment; virus; viruses; wastewater cache: cord-346308-9h2fk9qt.txt plain text: cord-346308-9h2fk9qt.txt item: #270 of 288 id: cord-346331-d0s028wl author: Lackey, Kimberly A. title: SARS‐CoV‐2 and human milk: What is the evidence? date: 2020-05-30 words: 5642 flesch: 42 summary: Importantly, none of the studies on coronaviruses and human milk report validation of their collection and analytical methods for use in human milk. key: cord-346331-d0s028wl authors: Lackey, Kimberly A.; Pace, Ryan M.; Williams, Janet E.; Bode, Lars; Donovan, Sharon M.; Järvinen, Kirsi M.; Seppo, Antti E.; Raiten, Daniel J.; Meehan, Courtney L.; McGuire, Mark A.; McGuire, Michelle K. title: SARS‐CoV‐2 and human milk: What is the evidence? date: 2020-05-30 journal: keywords: breastfeeding; cov-2; et al; human; infant; infection; milk; sars; transmission; women cache: cord-346331-d0s028wl.txt plain text: cord-346331-d0s028wl.txt item: #271 of 288 id: cord-347884-zpzncgiv author: Galimberti, Andrea title: Rethinking Urban and Food Policies to Improve Citizens Safety After COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-08 words: 5477 flesch: 29 summary: To shed light on this issue, we brought together a faculty group involving experts in environment and biodiversity, food safety, human nutrition, and behavior, bioprospecting, as well as medical doctors having a deep knowledge of the complex historical relationship between humanity and vector-borne infections. Definitely, some priority issues should be addressed to achieve these goals, such as global efforts to increase food safety and security, which would benefit from urban and peri-urban agriculture enhancement, smallholder food producers support, and ecosystem services and local biodiversity maintenance. keywords: approach; biodiversity; coronavirus; covid-19; diseases; environment; food; health; human; nutrition; pandemic; safety; spread; urban cache: cord-347884-zpzncgiv.txt plain text: cord-347884-zpzncgiv.txt item: #272 of 288 id: cord-348100-jr923fcu author: Giseke, Undine title: COVID-19—does social distancing include species distancing? date: 2020-06-08 words: 1442 flesch: 49 summary: It seems, however, that these calculations were made without considering non-human actors such as viruses. How will We co-exist with non-human species in the future? keywords: anthropocene; humans; system; virus cache: cord-348100-jr923fcu.txt plain text: cord-348100-jr923fcu.txt item: #273 of 288 id: cord-348301-bk80pps9 author: Wahl, Angela title: Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection is Highly Cytopathic, Elicits a Robust Innate Immune Response and is Efficiently Prevented by EIDD-2801 date: 2020-09-24 words: 4298 flesch: 38 summary: Consistent with previous reports in human airway epithelial cell cultures and portmortem lung samples 26,28 , virions produced by human lung cells were pleomorphic in size (69 to 112 nm) and shape. LoM are constructed by subcutaneous implantation of a small piece of human lung tissue into the back of immune de cient mice (Fig. 1a) . keywords: cells; coronaviruses; cov-2; data; fig; human; infection; lom; lung; sars; tissue cache: cord-348301-bk80pps9.txt plain text: cord-348301-bk80pps9.txt item: #274 of 288 id: cord-349163-q52upndx author: Luo, Guangxiang (George) title: Global health concerns stirred by emerging viral infections date: 2020-02-14 words: 438 flesch: 25 summary: Anticipating the international spread of Zika virus from Brazil Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan China: the mystery and the miracle Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan Updates on Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus Epidemic Potential of large 'first generation' human-to-human transmission of 2019-nCoV Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans Emerging coronaviruses: genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis Coronavirus infection and immune responses Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission to humans The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin MERS-CoV pathogenesis and antiviral efficacy of licensed drugs in human monocyte-derived antigenpresenting cells [2] [3] [4] In 1999, a newly emerged paramyxovirus termed Nipah virus was identified as the cause of a severe encephalitis outbreak occurred in Malaysia and Singapore. keywords: human; virus cache: cord-349163-q52upndx.txt plain text: cord-349163-q52upndx.txt item: #275 of 288 id: cord-349168-ec5p9b2f author: Domingues, Célia P. F. title: The Social Distancing Imposed To Contain COVID-19 Can Affect Our Microbiome: a Double-Edged Sword in Human Health date: 2020-09-16 words: 2148 flesch: 21 summary: A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing Antibiotics and the human gut microbiome: dysbioses and accumulation of resistances Changing pharyngeal bacterial flora of hospitalized patients: emergence of Gram-negative bacilli The microbiome and critical illness Reciprocity in microbiome and immune system interactions and its implications in disease and health Potential role of gut microbiota in induction and regulation of innate immune memory Gut microbiota diversity and human diseases: should we reintroduce key predators in our ecosystem? Gut microbiome and aging: physiological and mechanistic insights Collateral effects of antibiotics on mammalian gut microbiomes Antibiotic resistance gene diversity and virulence gene diversity are correlated in human gut and environmental microbiomes Person-to-person contagion and antibiotic usage are the key factors responsible for the positive correlation between antibiotic resistance gene diversity and virulence gene diversity in human metagenomes Seasonality and temporal correlation between community antibiotic use and resistance in the United States Antibiotics as both friends and foes of the human gut microbiome: the microbial community approach T.N. was supported by contract ALG-01-0145-FEDER-028824. This effect was highlighted in a metagenomic study in which it was observed that that the diversity of genes encoding antibiotic resistance in human intestinal microbiomes increases with age until reaching a limited level (32) . keywords: covid-19; diversity; genes; gut; microbiome cache: cord-349168-ec5p9b2f.txt plain text: cord-349168-ec5p9b2f.txt item: #276 of 288 id: cord-349177-8h25qj9y author: Khan, Naazneen title: Multiple Genomic Events Altering Hominin SIGLEC Biology and Innate Immunity Predated the Common Ancestor of Humans and Archaic Hominins date: 2020-06-18 words: 5984 flesch: 30 summary: However, this deletion was then fixed in an ancestral hominin population $2-3 Ma (Chou et al. 2002) , possibly by directional selection against Neu5Gc via female immunity during reproduction, a mechanism demonstrated in vivo using transgenic mice that carry the same mutation in their Cmah gene as humans (Ghaderi et al. 2011) . The Ensembl database (release 82) (Aken et al. 2016 ) was used to annotate each gene with hg19 coordinates from transcription start to transcription end. keywords: acid; changes; chimpanzee; cmah; et al; evolution; expression; gene; genome; genomic; human; mutation; selection; sialic cache: cord-349177-8h25qj9y.txt plain text: cord-349177-8h25qj9y.txt item: #277 of 288 id: cord-350286-n7ylgqfu author: Giri, Rajanish title: When Darkness Becomes a Ray of Light in the Dark Times: Understanding the COVID-19 via the Comparative Analysis of the Dark Proteomes of SARS-CoV-2, Human SARS and Bat SARS-Like Coronaviruses date: 2020-04-03 words: 15857 flesch: 51 summary: Evaluation of intrinsic disorder in non-structural proteins of Bat CoV. Table 7 : Predicted MoRF residues in Human SARS proteins. Supplementary Table 10 : Predicted nucleotide-binding residues in Human SARS proteins. keywords: analysis; bat cov; binding; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; disorder; domain; figure; human; mean; protein; regions; residues; rna; sars; sars cov; sequence; structure; syndrome; table; terminal; viral; viruses cache: cord-350286-n7ylgqfu.txt plain text: cord-350286-n7ylgqfu.txt item: #278 of 288 id: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo author: Kasoka, Kasoka title: Autonomy in HIV testing: a call for a rethink of personal autonomy in the HIV response in sub-Saharan Africa date: 2020-06-13 words: 13925 flesch: 45 summary: For example, the current COVID-19 lockdown and social distancing rules indicate that human autonomy is not absolute. I agree with Crittenden's theory of social autonomy, even though there are issues which arise from a further reading of his account which I do not necessarily agree with. keywords: accounts; autonomy; consent; desires; ethics; hiv; hiv testing; human; individual; killmister; order; people; person; self; society; ssa; testing; values cache: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo.txt plain text: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo.txt item: #279 of 288 id: cord-351665-6gwb900b author: Sarkar, Priyanka title: Coupled human-environment system amid COVID-19 crisis: A conceptual model to understand the nexus date: 2020-08-18 words: 5723 flesch: 37 summary: UNDP Latin America and the Caribbean Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science Enhanced secondary pollution offset reduction of primary emissions during COVID-19 lockdown in China Development of conceptual models for major social and ecological systems in the South East NRM Region Another Crisis In The Making: COVID-19 and India's Bio-Medical Waste Coronavirus in India: Tablighi Jamaat meet turns Covid-19 super spreader Coronavirus: A visual guide to the economic impact COVID-19 lockdown a blessing for the endangered Gangetic dolphin in Bihar: Experts, DownToEarth The Pandemic Is Turning the Natural World Upside Down The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China COVID-19 and the nature trade-off paradigm COVID-19: Water scarcity lurking in crisis? Poverty and food insecurity could grow dramatically as COVID-19 spreads The economic impact of the Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-2019): Implications individual reaction and governmental action Health risks and potential remedies during prolonged lockdowns for coronavirus disease Complexity of coupled human and natural systems Sanitation Workers At Risk From Discarded Medical Waste Related To Covid-19 Mass gathering events and reducing further global spread of COVID-19: a political and public health dilemma If we get food right, we get everything right: rethinking the food system in post-COVID-19 Hawai'i COVID-19 pandemic and environmental pollution: A blessing in disguise Emerging threats to human health from global environmental change Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the world economy Last accessed on Spillover of COVID-19: impact on the Global Economy Inter nation social lockdown versus medical care against COVID-19, a mild environmental insight with special reference to India Initial evidence of higher morbidity and mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 in regions with lower air quality Assessing Vulnerabilities to the Effects of Global Change: An Eight-Step Approach. key: cord-351665-6gwb900b authors: Sarkar, Priyanka; Debnath, Nirmal; Reang, Demsai title: Coupled human-environment system amid COVID-19 crisis: A conceptual model to understand the nexus date: 2020-08-18 journal: Sci Total Environ DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141757 sha: doc_id: 351665 cord_uid: keywords: covid-19; crisis; environment; et al; human; impacts; lockdown; model; pandemic; society cache: cord-351665-6gwb900b.txt plain text: cord-351665-6gwb900b.txt item: #280 of 288 id: cord-351905-tjcyvkcv author: Mummah, Riley O. title: Controlling emerging zoonoses at the animal-human interface date: 2020-09-18 words: 7779 flesch: 37 summary: eLife Middle East respiratory syndrome An orthopoxvirus-based vaccine reduces virus excretion after MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels Using modelling to disentangle the relative contributions of zoonotic and anthroponotic transmission: the case of Lassa fever Epidemiology and control of Lassa fever BT -Arenaviruses Measures to control protracted large Lassa fever outbreak in Nigeria Community awareness and perception towards rodent control: implications for prevention and control of Lassa fever in urban slums of South-West Nigeria At home with mastomys and rattus: human-rodent interactions and potential for primary transmission of Lassa virus in domestic spaces Identifying postelimination trends for the introduction and transmissibility of measles in the United States Measles in the United States during the postelimination era The clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of measles-mumps-rubella vaccination to prevent measles importations among international travelers from the United States Nosocomial infections caused by Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: a global perspective Infection prevention and control practice for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever-a multi-center cross-sectional survey in Transmission dynamics of the etiological agent of SARS in Hong Kong: impact of public health interventions Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China An investigation of transmission control measures during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China Understanding the dynamics of Ebola epidemics Estimating the reproduction number of Ebola Virus (EBOV) during the 2014 outbreak in West Africa The basic reproductive number of Ebola and the effects of public health measures: the cases of Congo and Uganda Health care worker vaccination against Ebola: vaccine acceptance and employment duration in Sierra Leone Modeling the Impact of Interventions on an Epidemic of Ebola in Sierra Leone and Liberia. The preferred strategy depends on the level of resources available, which we quantify here by the proportional reduction in spillover that is achievable if all resources are devoted to spillover control (Fig. 5) . keywords: cases; control; fig; human; human transmission; incidence; measures; pathogens; risk; spillover; transmission; zoonotic cache: cord-351905-tjcyvkcv.txt plain text: cord-351905-tjcyvkcv.txt item: #281 of 288 id: cord-352348-2wtyk3r5 author: Sabroe, Ian title: Identifying and hurdling obstacles to translational research date: 2007 words: 5308 flesch: 31 summary: Although central to an effective understanding of immune biology and the role of new candidate drug targets, the predictive value of in vivo experimentation is less than desired, particularly in the context of studies of single knockouts in specific disease models and mouse strains. Therefore, rodent models remain essential and cannot be replaced by in vitro approaches at present, but are an imperfect translational conduit for both biological and practical reasons (such as the difficulty in establishing chronic disease models). keywords: biology; disease; human; models; process; research; science; scientists; studies; tissues; vivo cache: cord-352348-2wtyk3r5.txt plain text: cord-352348-2wtyk3r5.txt item: #282 of 288 id: cord-352798-rb2ggonx author: Chaber, Anne-Lise title: The Era of Human-Induced Diseases date: 2017-11-21 words: 1996 flesch: 32 summary: A plethora of examples is already linking human diseases-both infectious and non-infectious-to environment perturbation in developed and developing countries. Anthropogenic environmental change leads to the emergence of infectious diseases in wildlife (Daszak et al. 2001) keywords: change; countries; disease; health; human; world cache: cord-352798-rb2ggonx.txt plain text: cord-352798-rb2ggonx.txt item: #283 of 288 id: cord-352832-uih7alib author: Khoury, Bassam title: The Root Causes of COVID-19 Screech for Compassion date: 2020-06-03 words: 1800 flesch: 37 summary: Similar studies have shown positive associations between compassion to other human beings and pro-environmental tendencies, including values, intentions, and actions (Pfattheicher et al. 2016) , as well as compassion towards animals in lab settings and the well-being of research personnel (LaFollette et al. 2020) . Despite the obvious risk that bat viruses pose to human health, it must be acknowledged that most outbreaks of batborne zoonotic diseases are a consequence of human activities (Wynne and Wang 2013) . keywords: compassion; humans; mindfulness cache: cord-352832-uih7alib.txt plain text: cord-352832-uih7alib.txt item: #284 of 288 id: cord-353609-no3mbg5d author: Vandegrift, Kurt J. title: An Ecological and Conservation Perspective on Advances in the Applied Virology of Zoonoses date: 2011-04-15 words: 6927 flesch: 39 summary: Recently, it has been demonstrated that the pathogens of host populations might also be useful to this end. Unfortunately, the very characteristics that make viruses useful for estimating host population structure and demography may also impede the analyses. keywords: conservation; disease; dynamics; ecology; host; human; molecular; pathogens; population; rabies; risk; species; transmission; vaccination; viruses; wildlife cache: cord-353609-no3mbg5d.txt plain text: cord-353609-no3mbg5d.txt item: #285 of 288 id: cord-354325-r73datur author: Berger, Mitchell title: Therapeutic Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies date: 2002-07-31 words: 12352 flesch: 35 summary: Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections: indications for the use of palivizumab and update on the use of RSV-IGIV Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immune globulin and palivizumab for prevention of RSV infection Directed selection of recombinant human monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus glycoproteins from phage display libraries Effective antibody therapy in herpes simplex virus ocular infection: characterization of recipient immune response Use of monoclonal antibody directed against herpes simplex virus glycoproteins to protect mice against acute virus-induced neurological disease Ability of monoclonal antibody to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gB to promote healing of herpetic skin lesions in nude mice Protection against herpetic ocular disease by immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein Passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus glycoproteins protects mice against herpetic ocular disease Characterization of a type-common human recombinant monoclonal antibody to herpes simplex virus with high therapeutic potential Topically applied human recombinant monoclonal IgG 1 antibody and its Fab and F(ab')2 fragments protect mice from vaginal transmission of HSV-2 Epitopes involved in antibody-mediated protection from Ebola virus Isolation and characterization of human monoclonal antibodies to digoxin Drug-specific antibodies as antidotes for tricyclic antidepressant overdose Automated Immunosensing system for 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol application to surface water samples Exploiting antibody-based technologies to manage environmental pollution Pharmacokinetic mechanisms for obtaining high renal coelimination of phencyclidine and a monoclonal antiphencyclidine antigen-binding fragment of immunoglobulin G in the rat Prevention of paraquat toxicity in suspensions of alveolar type II cells by paraquatspecific antibodies Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against domoic acid and its application to enzyme immunoassay Antiphencyclidine monoclonal antibody therapy significantly changes phencyclidine concentrations in brain and other tissues in rats Pharmacodynamics of a monoclonal antiphencyclidine Fab with broad selectivity for phencyclidine-like drugs Antibodies as pharmacokinetic and metabolic modifiers of neurotoxicity Antibodies may treat overdoses, addiction Phencyclidine-specific Fab fragments alter phencyclidine disposition in dogs Crystal structure of monoclonal 6B5 Fab complexed with phencyclidine Disposition of a monoclonal anti-phencyclidine Fab fragment of immunoglobulin G in rats Drug-fighting drugs Reactive immunization A catalytic antibody against cocaine attenuates cocaine's cardiovascular effects in mice: a dose and time course analysis Natural and artificial enzymes against cocaine. The vectors will replicate in the COS cells and transiently express and secrete reshaped human antibodies. keywords: antibodies; antibody; antigen; binding; cancer; cells; cmv; fragments; human; immune; mabs; mice; monoclonal; monoclonal antibodies; mouse; murine; patients; regions; specific; therapy; treatment; tumor; use; variable; virus cache: cord-354325-r73datur.txt plain text: cord-354325-r73datur.txt item: #286 of 288 id: cord-354592-vqws942c author: Cauvin, Annick J. title: Advantages and Limitations of Commonly Used Nonhuman Primate Species in Research and Development of Biopharmaceuticals date: 2015-03-20 words: 7301 flesch: 29 summary: Such findings could not have been observed in mice, whose physiology of parturition is very different, or in monkey studies not specifically addressing parturition, but they highlight a risk for pregnant women still exposed to the mAb by the end of the pregnancy based on the similar physiology of pregnancy and parturition in NHPs and humans. Especially for studies of sex hormones, synthetic steroidal compounds, or compounds that interfere with the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian (or testicular) axis, such monkey species are predictive [30] . keywords: assessment; cynomolgus; development; differences; humans; macaques; marmosets; monkeys; nhp; nhps; reproductive; rhesus; species; studies; target; toxicology cache: cord-354592-vqws942c.txt plain text: cord-354592-vqws942c.txt item: #287 of 288 id: cord-354651-bxm9yxjm author: Zeng, Yawen title: Molecular Mechanism of Functional Ingredients in Barley to Combat Human Chronic Diseases date: 2020-03-30 words: 16017 flesch: 36 summary: Interestingly, the types of prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases by key functional components in barley grain were in order: β-glucans (16)>polyphenols (13)>arabinoxylan (7) = tocols (7)>phytosterols (5)>resistant starch (4), but GABA (13)>flavonoids (11)>SOD (8)>K-Ca (7) = vitamins (7)>tryptophan (3) in barley grains. More than 30 functional ingredients in barley grass can combat over 20 chronic diseases, and 15 functional ingredients in barley grains may prevent 11 chronic diseases [9] . keywords: acid; activity; antioxidant; arabinoxylan; barley; barley grains; barley β; cells; cholesterol; content; diet; diseases; effects; extract; food; gaba; glucan; glucose; grains; grass; health; homo; hulless; hulless barley; human; ingredients; mg/100; phytosterols; polyphenols; role; sapiens; starch; total cache: cord-354651-bxm9yxjm.txt plain text: cord-354651-bxm9yxjm.txt item: #288 of 288 id: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author: None title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 words: 6484 flesch: -24 summary: 29:99 activity in EBV assay system 29:99 11, 15, activity in EBV assay system 29:99 Abieta-8,11,13-triene-7o~,l Human melanoma 23:255 Human mesangial cell proliferation 30:308 in vitro Human monoblastic leukemia cells 30:498 effect of hydroxyurea (HU) 30:498 growth inhibition of 30:498 Human monoblastic leukemia U937 cells 30:498 growth inhibition of Human neuroblastoma nbla-N-5 cells tamoxifen activity against 12:390 Human neuroblastoma SH-SY-5Y cells 12:390 Human neutrophils 12:390 Human neutropil protein kinase C 12:389 Human onchocerciasis 12:9 ivermectin for Human papilloma virus 30:394 pathogenesis of 30:394 cause of hepatocellular carcinoma Human Papilloma virus (HPV) 23:97 Human papilloma virus type 11 30:406 microbicidal compound against Human papilloma virus type 40 30:406 microbicidal compound against 30:406 Human platelets 12:390 study of protein kinase C in 12:390 by staurosporine 12:390 Human rotavirus (HRV) 30:406,412 cause of dehydrating gastroenteritis 30:406 member of 30:406 reoviridae type of Human serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) 30:376 regulation of neuronal activity Human spermatozoa motility 21:675 Human synovial PLA2 25:697 inhibitor anti-glycemic effects 24:902-904 anti-hyperglycemic effects of -O-methyl-20-hydroxyecdysone activity in 29:28 pinnatasterone activity in 29:28 polypodine B 2-O-cinnamate activity in Muscarinic AchR antagonists 21:56 Muscarinic antagonist 22:19 Muscarinic receptor 21:95 Muscarinic receptor antagonists 22:734 Muscarinic-l,2-receptor 21:95 Muscle pain 24:898 aconitine for relieving activation effects of 24:906 medicinal uses of 24:906 protein kinase C activation effects 24:906 Muscular P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) 30:588 activity of (-)-deoxypodophyllotoxin against 30:588 activity of (-)-yatein against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cell 25:764 keywords: 29:720; 30:589; 30:815; acid; activity; agent; antitumor; assay system; bioassay; cell; ebv; effects; human; inhibitor; kinase; nh2; properties; protease; protein; receptor; role; type; tyr; use; virus cache: cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt plain text: cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt