item: #1 of 647 id: cord-000457-e50a0suk author: Rhim, Jung-Woo title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of childhood pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus infection: an observational cohort study date: 2011-08-24 words: 3749 flesch: 43 summary: Because this pandemic occurred over 40 years after last pandemic (Hong Kong flu), there have been no controlled-clinical trials for the efficacy of corticosteroids on influenza virus infections, although yearly seasonal influenza and small cases of sporadic H5N1 avian influenza virus infection have occurred during inter-pandemic period. Although influenza virus infection has been a major global concern since the pandemic 1918 'Spanish flu', there have been no pandemic influenzas for near four decades after the 1968 'Hong Kong flu'. keywords: h1n1; infection; influenza; pandemic; patients; pneumonia; virus cache: cord-000457-e50a0suk.txt plain text: cord-000457-e50a0suk.txt item: #2 of 647 id: cord-001120-fxd533b4 author: Everitt, Aaron R. title: Defining the Range of Pathogens Susceptible to Ifitm3 Restriction Using a Knockout Mouse Model date: 2013-11-21 words: 4881 flesch: 40 summary: In wild type mice, the expression pattern of Ifitm3 was noteworthy. The ~50% survival of wild type mice falls within acceptable boundaries owing to inherent inefficiencies in the delivery of parasites into the mice [28] . keywords: cell; days; figure; ifitm3; infection; influenza; mice; mouse; restriction; role; rsv; type; virus cache: cord-001120-fxd533b4.txt plain text: cord-001120-fxd533b4.txt item: #3 of 647 id: cord-001397-nrq4ncdf author: Mlera, Luwanika title: The role of viral persistence in flavivirus biology date: 2014-05-12 words: 15612 flesch: 33 summary: (Appler et al., 2010; Pierson & Diamond, 2012) : WNV RNA persisted in a pantropic manner in 12% of infected mice for up to 6 months. In this study, infectious virus was recovered in the skin, and viral RNA was identified in the skin, as well as the spinal cord and brain (Appler et al., 2010) . keywords: animals; antibodies; cells; dengue; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; et al; flavivirus; host; ifn; infected; infection; jev; mice; mosquitoes; nile; nile virus; ns1; ns3; ns5; persistence; protein; replication; rna; role; study; tbev; tick; transmission; virus; virus infection; west; wnv cache: cord-001397-nrq4ncdf.txt plain text: cord-001397-nrq4ncdf.txt item: #4 of 647 id: cord-001455-n7quwr4s author: Rapin, Noreen title: Activation of Innate Immune-Response Genes in Little Brown Bats (Myotis lucifugus) Infected with the Fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans date: 2014-11-12 words: 3724 flesch: 45 summary: Although damage caused by the fungus is restricted to the superficial skin, infected bats clearly show signs of systemic physiological perturbation such as dehydration, hypovolemia and metabolic acidosis [24] . Infected bats arouse from torpor more frequently than uninfected bats [25, 26] possibly leading to emaciation. keywords: bats; destructans; fungal; genes; infection; levels; lucifugus; pcr; response; transcripts cache: cord-001455-n7quwr4s.txt plain text: cord-001455-n7quwr4s.txt item: #5 of 647 id: cord-001521-l36f1gp7 author: None title: Oral and Poster Manuscripts date: 2011-04-08 words: 183853 flesch: 46 summary: The concept that swine are a mixing-vessel for the reassortment of influenza viruses and for the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses has been re-enforced by the emergence of the recent pandemic. This study was supported by Contract HHSN266200700005C from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Pigs have been considered as hypothetical 'mixing vessels' facilitating the genesis of pandemic influenza viruses. keywords: age; analysis; animals; antibodies; antibody; antiviral; assay; associated; avian; b viruses; b ⁄; balb ⁄; binding; c virus; c ⁄; cases; cells; challenge; children; control; cross; culture; data; days; detection; disease; dk ⁄; dose; effect; ferrets; figure; following; gene; group; h1n1 influenza; h1n1 pandemic; h1n1 virus; h5n1 infection; h5n1 viruses; h9n2; health; high; hong; hours; human h1n1; human influenza; humans; immunity; infected; infections; influenza antigenic; influenza c; influenza epidemic; influenza infection; influenza influenza; influenza neuraminidase; influenza outbreaks; influenza pandemic; influenza patients; influenza research; influenza samples; influenza season; influenza strains; influenza surveillance; influenza transmission; influenza vaccination; influenza vaccine; influenza virus; isolates; kong ⁄; laboratory; laiv; lg ⁄; like; low; lung; mallard ⁄; mdck; method; mg ⁄; mice; model; mutation; nasal; new; non; novel; number; observed; origin influenza; oseltamivir; patients; pcr; period; pigs; population; positive; post; potential; potsdam ⁄; protection; protein; public; rate; research; resistance; respiratory; response; results; risk; rna; samples; school; seasonal; sensitivity; sequence; serum; severe; specific; specimens; studies; study; subjects; subtype influenza; sw ⁄; swine influenza; swine viruses; system; t ⁄; table; test; time; treatment; type virus; vaccines; values; virus gene; virus infection; virus isolation; virus ns1; virus replication; virus strains; virus titers; virus transmission; virus vaccine; virus ⁄; viruses; wave; years; ⁄ brisbane; ⁄ california; ⁄ genoa; ⁄ h1n1; ⁄ h3n2; ⁄ h5n1; ⁄ hk; ⁄ hok; ⁄ lee; ⁄ leningrad; ⁄ ml; ⁄ netherlands; ⁄ ns1; ⁄ panama; ⁄ pr8; ⁄ vietnam cache: cord-001521-l36f1gp7.txt plain text: cord-001521-l36f1gp7.txt item: #6 of 647 id: cord-001542-f089bs8r author: Lai, Kang Yiu title: Human Ebola virus infection in West Africa: a review of available therapeutic agents that target different steps of the life cycle of Ebola virus date: 2014-11-28 words: 11294 flesch: 36 summary: implications for vaccines and therapies Proinflammatory response during Ebola virus infection of primate models: possible involvement of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily Ebola virus selectively inhibits responses to interferons, but not to interleukin-1beta, in endothelial cells Inflammatory responses in Ebola virus-infected patients Human asymptomatic Ebola infection and strong inflammatory response Infection and activation of monocytes by Marburg and Ebola viruses Monocyte-derived human macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with ebola virus secrete MIP-1alpha and TNF-alpha and inhibit poly-ICinduced IFN-alpha in vitro Markedly elevated levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma, IFN-alpha, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha associated with fatal Ebola virus infection Pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in primate models: evidence that hemorrhage is not a direct effect of virus-induced cytolysis of endothelial cells Ebola virus glycoprotein toxicity is mediated by a dynamin-dependent protein-trafficking pathway Filovirus-induced endothelial leakage triggered by infected monocytes/ macrophages Ebola virus glycoproteins induce global surface protein down-modulation and loss of cell adherence Requirements for cell rounding and surface protein down-regulation by Ebola virus glycoprotein Mechanisms underlying coagulation abnormalities in ebola hemorrhagic fever: overexpression of tissue factor in primate monocytes/ macrophages is a key event Treatment of Ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor VIIa/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys Recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 and other inhibitors targeting blood coagulation factor VIIa/tissue factor Immunopathology of highly virulent pathogens: insights from Ebola virus Ebola haemorrhagic fever Pathogenesis of viral hemorrhagic fever Pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques: evidence that dendritic cells are early and sustained targets of infection Molecular Basis for Ebola Virus VP35 Suppression of Human Dendritic Cell Maturation Ebola virus: the role of macrophages and dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever The role of antigen-presenting cells in filoviral hemorrhagic fever: gaps in current knowledge Human fatal zaire ebola virus infection is associated with an aberrant innate immunity and with massive lymphocyte apoptosis Mechanisms and consequences of ebolavirus-induced lymphocyte apoptosis Ebola virus does not block apoptotic signaling pathways Characterization of host immune responses in Ebola virus infections Filoviruses and the balance of innate, adaptive, and inflammatory responses Functional CD8+ T cell responses in lethal Ebola virus infection CD8-mediated protection against Ebola virus infection is perforin dependent Induction of humoral and CD8+ T cell responses are required for protection against lethal Ebola virus infection Induction of immune responses in mice and monkeys to Ebola virus after immunization with liposome-encapsulated irradiated Ebola virus: protection in mice requires CD4(+) T cells Cutting edge: impairment of dendritic cells and adaptive immunity by Ebola and Lassa viruses Correlates of immunity to filovirus infection The Multiple Roles of sGP in Ebola Pathogenesis Ebolavirus glycoprotein GP masks both its own epitopes and the presence of cellular surface proteins Steric shielding of surface epitopes and impaired immune recognition induced by the ebola virus glycoprotein Influences of glycosylation on antigenicity, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of ebola virus GP DNA vaccines Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications Infectivity-enhancing antibodies to Ebola virus glycoprotein Antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection Ebola virus can be effectively neutralized by antibody produced in natural human infection Structural basis for differential neutralization of ebolaviruses. Ethical considerations for use of unregistered interventions for Ebola viral disease Emerging targets and novel approaches to Ebola virus prophylaxis and treatment World Health Organization: potential Ebola therapies and vaccines Clinical features and pathobiology of Ebolavirus infection Ebola virus: unravelling pathogenesis to combat a deadly disease Delta-peptide is the carboxyterminal cleavage fragment of the nonstructural small glycoprotein sGP of Ebola virus The glycoproteins of Marburg and Ebola virus and their potential roles in pathogenesis Release of viral glycoproteins during Ebola virus infection The secret life of viral entry glycoproteins: moonlighting in immune evasion The pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever Role of Ebola virus secreted glycoproteins and virus-like particles in activation of human macrophages Identification of the Ebola virus glycoprotein as the main viral determinant of vascular cell cytotoxicity and injury Shed GP of Ebola Virus Triggers Immune Activation and Increased Vascular Permeability Ebola virus glycoprotein counteracts BST-2/Tetherin restriction in a sequence-independent manner that does not require tetherin surface removal Anti-tetherin activities of HIV-1 Vpu and Ebola virus glycoprotein do not involve removal of tetherin from lipid rafts Ebolavirus Replication and Tetherin/BST-2 The nonstructural small glycoprotein sGP of Ebola virus is secreted as an antiparallel-orientated homodimer Antigenic subversion: a novel mechanism of host immune evasion by Ebola virus A novel mechanism of immune evasion mediated by Ebola virus soluble glycoprotein Distinct cellular interactions of secreted and transmembrane Ebola virus glycoproteins Ebola virus secretory glycoprotein (sGP) diminishes Fc gamma RIIIB-to-CR3 proximity on neutrophils Effects of Ebola virus glycoproteins on endothelial cell activation and barrier function Ebola virus glycoprotein GP is not cytotoxic when expressed constitutively at a moderate level Ebolavirus delta-peptide immunoadhesins inhibit marburgvirus and ebolavirus cell entry A new Ebola virus nonstructural glycoprotein expressed through RNA editing Ebola virus enters host cells by macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis The Ebola virus glycoprotein mediates entry via a non-classical dynamindependent keywords: amiodarone; antibodies; antibody; cell; ebola; ebola virus; ebov; ebov infection; entry; glycoprotein; gp1,2; host; human; infection; interferon; proteins; replication; rna; therapy; treatment; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-001542-f089bs8r.txt plain text: cord-001542-f089bs8r.txt item: #7 of 647 id: cord-001972-1zisomq5 author: Wang, Xue title: Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Increases Apoptosis and HIV-1 Replication in HIV-1 Infected Jurkat Cells date: 2016-02-02 words: 3942 flesch: 39 summary: It is not well-known whether influenza virus infection affects cell death and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in HIV-1-infected patients. Little is known about influenza virus infection in HIV-positive individual. keywords: cells; infected; infection; influenza; jurkat; pandemic; pathways; ph1n1; replication; virus cache: cord-001972-1zisomq5.txt plain text: cord-001972-1zisomq5.txt item: #8 of 647 id: cord-002043-z1b7pj3s author: Wang, Xue-Yang title: Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) Larval Midgut Response to BmNPV in Susceptible and Near-Isogenic Resistant Strains date: 2016-05-11 words: 5896 flesch: 36 summary: Down-regulation of transporter related genes, such as lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), B(0, +)-type amino acid transporter 1 (BAT1), actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex protein PAN1 (PAN1), MFS-type transporter (MFS), and otoferlin, could repress virus infection in host cells [37] Apoptosis plays a vital role in regulating cell response in Lepidopteran insects during viral infections, where larvae use selective apoptosis and subsequent sloughing of the infected cells in the midgut epithelium to resist virus infection [51, 52] . keywords: analysis; apoptosis; bc9; bmnpv; bmnpv infection; bombyx; degs; expression; genes; infection; mori; p50; protein; resistance; silkworm; virus cache: cord-002043-z1b7pj3s.txt plain text: cord-002043-z1b7pj3s.txt item: #9 of 647 id: cord-002222-rgqwm3vb author: Olarte-Castillo, Ximena A. title: Divergent Sapovirus Strains and Infection Prevalence in Wild Carnivores in the Serengeti Ecosystem: A Long-Term Study date: 2016-09-23 words: 7547 flesch: 39 summary: Information on sapovirus infection of wildlife is limited and is currently lacking for any free-ranging wildlife species in Africa. The likelihood of sapovirus infection decreased with increasing hyena group size, suggesting an encounter reduction effect, but was independent of socially mediated ano-genital contact, or the extent of the area over which an individual roamed. keywords: clan; days; hyenas; individuals; infection; likelihood; prevalence; range; samples; sapovirus; serengeti; size; species; strains; study; years cache: cord-002222-rgqwm3vb.txt plain text: cord-002222-rgqwm3vb.txt item: #10 of 647 id: cord-002659-566uoozj author: Fujimoto, Yousuke title: Pulmonary inflammation and cytokine dynamics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a mouse model of bronchial asthma during A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection date: 2017-08-22 words: 4783 flesch: 45 summary: These results demonstrated that pulmonary inflammation in asthmatic mice is induced beginning in the early phase of A(H1N1)pdm09 infection, which mirrors the finding that A(H1N1)pdm09 infection in asthmatic children induces severe pulmonary complications, including pneumonia, atelectasis, etc., after a shorter incubation period than with seasonal virus infection. key: cord-002659-566uoozj authors: Fujimoto, Yousuke; Hasegawa, Shunji; Matsushige, Takeshi; Wakiguchi, Hiroyuki; Nakamura, Tamaki; Hasegawa, Hideki; Nakajima, Noriko; Ainai, Akira; Oga, Atsunori; Itoh, Hiroshi; Shirabe, Komei; Toda, Shoichi; Atsuta, Ryo; Morishima, Tsuneo; Ohga, Shouichi title: Pulmonary inflammation and cytokine dynamics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a mouse model of bronchial asthma during A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection date: 2017-08-22 journal: Sci Rep DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08030-w sha: doc_id: 2659 cord_uid: 566uoozj Asthmatic patients present more rapid progression of respiratory distress after A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection than after seasonal infection. keywords: a(h1n1)pdm09; asthma; control; days; days post; infection; levels; mice; post cache: cord-002659-566uoozj.txt plain text: cord-002659-566uoozj.txt item: #11 of 647 id: cord-002757-upwe0cpj author: Sullivan, Kathleen E. title: Emerging Infections and Pertinent Infections Related to Travel for Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies date: 2017-08-07 words: 24227 flesch: 37 summary: Importantly, after a novel PIDD has been described, subsequent reports often reveal a wider variation in associated infections and cellular findings, often without clear genotype-phenotype correlations [320] [321] Human infection, called Cat Scratch Disease, is assumed to involve inoculation of Bartonella-infected flea feces into the skin during a cat scratch. keywords: associated; azole; bartonella; cases; cause; cell; children; chronic; clinical; cns; countries; days; deficiency; dengue; diagnosis; disease; epidemiology; fever; hiv; human; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; individuals; infection; influenza; mandrillaris; patients; pcr; pidd; primary; resistance; review; risk; skin; species; susceptibility; symptoms; syndrome; therapy; tick; transmission; treatment; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-002757-upwe0cpj.txt plain text: cord-002757-upwe0cpj.txt item: #12 of 647 id: cord-003053-5sucu1cg author: Yang, Liu title: Risk factors for infectious complications of ANCA-associated vasculitis: a cohort study date: 2018-06-14 words: 3914 flesch: 41 summary: Whether or not the use of CYC was a risk factor for developing infection in AAV patients remains controversial [9, 10, 14] . [20] also reported that the use of CYC was a risk factor for developing infection in AAV patients, but no difference was observed in renal failure between those with or without infection. keywords: aav; anca; immunosuppressive; infection; patients; pneumonia; therapy; vasculitis cache: cord-003053-5sucu1cg.txt plain text: cord-003053-5sucu1cg.txt item: #13 of 647 id: cord-003099-a0acr28o author: Koch, R. M. title: The endotoxin-induced pulmonary inflammatory response is enhanced during the acute phase of influenza infection date: 2018-07-05 words: 3886 flesch: 34 summary: key: cord-003099-a0acr28o authors: Koch, R. M.; Diavatopoulos, D. A.; Ferwerda, G.; Pickkers, P.; de Jonge, M. I.; Kox, M. title: The endotoxin-induced pulmonary inflammatory response is enhanced during the acute phase of influenza infection date: 2018-07-05 journal: Intensive Care Med Exp DOI: 10.1186/s40635-018-0182-5 sha: doc_id: 3099 cord_uid: a0acr28o BACKGROUND: Influenza infections are often complicated by secondary infections, which are associated with high morbidity and mortality, suggesting that influenza profoundly influences the immune response towards a subsequent pathogenic challenge. Herein, we investigated whether influenza infection results in an enhanced or suppressed innate immune response upon a secondary challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in either the acute or the recovery phase of infection. keywords: data; days; infection; influenza; lps; lung; mice; response cache: cord-003099-a0acr28o.txt plain text: cord-003099-a0acr28o.txt item: #14 of 647 id: cord-003357-4qrg6lqu author: Wang, Yingchen title: Prevalence of Common Respiratory Viral Infections and Identification of Adenovirus in Hospitalized Adults in Harbin, China 2014 to 2017 date: 2018-11-27 words: 5195 flesch: 39 summary: The etiology of respiratory infection in the adult population has been overlooked, at least in China, although there are plenty of reports on the epidemiology of respiratory viral infection in the pediatric population (Wang et al., 2016) . Viral respiratory infections in the pediatric population from Harbin were reported by the authors' team in 2009 (Zhang et al., 2009) , in which the adult population was not included. keywords: adenovirus; adult; china; detection; harbin; infections; patients; respiratory; virus; viruses cache: cord-003357-4qrg6lqu.txt plain text: cord-003357-4qrg6lqu.txt item: #15 of 647 id: cord-003387-82573enr author: Nam, Gyu-Hwi title: Gene expression profiles alteration after infection of virus, bacteria, and parasite in the Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) date: 2018-12-24 words: 5180 flesch: 34 summary: A lot of studies reported earlier were focused on gene expression analysis of single pathogen and specifically defined the expression pattern of limited genes [32] [33] Fish physiology and biochemistry Gonadal transcriptome analysis of male and female olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) De Novo assembly of the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) spleen transcriptome to identify putative genes involved in immunity Differentially expressed genes after viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus infection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) cDNA microarray analysis of viral hemorrhagic septicemia infected olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus: immune gene expression at different water temperature Transcriptional analysis of olive flounder lectins in response to VHSV infection Immune response of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with the myxosporean parasite Kudoa septempunctata Cloning and Expression Analysis of Cathepsin D in the Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Distribution of marine birnavirus in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea keywords: analysis; degs; expression; fish; flounder; genes; immune; infection; olivaceus; olive; paralichthys; pathogens; transcriptome; virus cache: cord-003387-82573enr.txt plain text: cord-003387-82573enr.txt item: #16 of 647 id: cord-003425-c5jdp5jv author: Fu, Yangxi title: Human adenovirus type 7 infection causes a more severe disease than type 3 date: 2019-01-09 words: 5666 flesch: 40 summary: Adenovirus: epidemiology, global spread of novel serotypes, and advances in treatment and prevention Pneumonia and massive pleural effusion associated with adenovirus type 7 Adenovirus pneumonia complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report First report of sudden death due to myocarditis caused by adenovirus serotype 3 Adenovirus infection associated with central nervous system dysfunction in children Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus types 3 and 7 isolated from children with pneumonia in Beijing Lower respiratory tract infections due to adenovirus in hospitalized Korean children: epidemiology, clinical features, and prognosis Human adenoviruses in respiratory infections: sequencing of the hexon hypervariable region reveals high sequence variability Phylogenetic analysis of the main neutralization and hemagglutination determinants of all human adenovirus prototypes as a basis for molecular classification and taxonomy Identification and typing of respiratory adenoviruses in Guangzhou, southern China using a rapid and simple method A simple and efficient method for purification of infectious recombinant adenovirus A comparison of viral fitness and virulence between emergent adenovirus 14p1 and prototype adenovirus 14p strains In vitro characterization of human adenovirus type 55 in comparison with its parental adenoviruses, types 11 and 14 Pring-Akerblom P. Rapid and quantitative detection of human adenovirus DNA by real-time PCR Quantitative real-time PCR assay panel for detection and type-specific identification of epidemic respiratory human adenoviruses A novel factor I activity in Nipah virus inhibits human complement pathways through cleavage of C3b MMP-12-mediated by SARM-TRIF signaling pathway contributes to IFNgamma-independent airway inflammation and AHR post RSV infection in nude mice Epidemiology of acute encephalopathy in Japan, with emphasis on the association of viruses and syndromes Transient hemiparesis and hemianesthesia in an atypical case of adult-onset clinically mild encephalitis/ encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion associated with adenovirus infection The effect of hemoperfusion on patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by silkworm chrysalis ingestion The olfactory nerve: a shortcut for influenza and other viral diseases into the central nervous system Cytokine induction by respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus in bronchial epithelial cells Complement: a unique innate immune sensor for danger signals Complement. Severe adenovirus infection in children can be complicated with pleural effusions keywords: adenovirus; cells; children; complement; days; fig; hadv-7; human; infection; patients; post; study; type cache: cord-003425-c5jdp5jv.txt plain text: cord-003425-c5jdp5jv.txt item: #17 of 647 id: cord-003598-m2fsrwvw author: Elbahesh, Husni title: Response Modifiers: Tweaking the Immune Response Against Influenza A Virus date: 2019-04-12 words: 4176 flesch: 22 summary: Regulatory roles of c-jun in H5N1 influenza virus replication and host inflammation Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase impairs influenza virus-induced primary and secondary host gene responses and protects mice from lethal H5N1 infection The MEK-inhibitor CI-1040 displays a broad anti-influenza virus activity in vitro and provides a prolonged treatment window compared to standard of care in vivo The NF-kappaB inhibitor SC75741 protects mice against highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus Phosphoproteomic-based kinase profiling early in influenza virus infection identifies GRK2 as antiviral drug target Transient inhibition of sphingosine kinases confers protection to influenza A virus infected mice PAR1 contributes to influenza A virus pathogenicity in mice Increased survival after gemfibrozil treatment of severe mouse influenza TNF/iNOS-producing dendritic cells are the necessary evil of lethal influenza virus infection Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and AMP-activated protein kinase agonists protect against lethal influenza virus challenge in mice Treating influenza infection, from now and into the future Angiopoietinlike 4 interacts with matrix proteins to modulate wound healing Role of Angptl4 in vascular permeability and inflammation H5N1 and 1918 pandemic influenza virus infection results in early and excessive infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils in the lungs of mice Excessive neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to acute lung injury of influenza pneumonitis Viable neutrophils release mitochondrial DNA to form neutrophil extracellular traps Molecular pathogenesis of influenza A virus infection and virus-induced regulation of cytokine gene expression Relevance of signaling molecules for apoptosis induction on influenza A virus replication Role of host cytokine responses in the pathogenesis of avian H5N1 influenza viruses in mice Innate immune responses to influenza A H5N1: friend or foe? Repurposing host-based therapeutics to control coronavirus and influenza virus Repurposing of drugs as novel influenza inhibitors from clinical gene expression infection signatures Comparative influenza protein interactomes identify the role of plakophilin 2 in virus restriction Network-guided discovery of influenza virus replication host factors Cellular networks involved in the influenza virus life cycle Genetic screens for the control of influenza virus replication: from meta-analysis to drug discovery Meta-and orthogonal integration of influenza OMICs data defines a role for UBR4 in virus budding The magnitude of the T cell response to a clinically significant dose of influenza virus is regulated by TRAIL Pathogenic potential of interferon alphabeta in acute influenza infection Anticancer compound ABT-263 accelerates apoptosis in virus-infected cells and imbalances cytokine production and lowers survival rates of infected mice Antiviral properties of chemical inhibitors of cellular anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins keywords: cells; host; iav; immune; infections; influenza; mice; protein; replication; responses; virus cache: cord-003598-m2fsrwvw.txt plain text: cord-003598-m2fsrwvw.txt item: #18 of 647 id: cord-003855-so8xl199 author: Ebert, Gregor title: Virology Downunder, a meeting commentary from the 2019 Lorne Infection and Immunity Conference, Australia date: 2019-09-02 words: 1901 flesch: 31 summary: The 'Infection and Inflammation' session of the meeting was opened with a well-received presentation by Linfa Wang (Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore) entitled 'Holy immune balance, batman', about the highly adapted immune response of bats to viral infections. During their evolutionary adaption to effective flight, bats not only developed elevated levels of basal alertness reflected in increased metabolic heart rate and body temperature, they also seem to have evolved a highly adapted immune defense against viral infections [3] . keywords: bats; cells; ifn; immunity; infection; virus cache: cord-003855-so8xl199.txt plain text: cord-003855-so8xl199.txt item: #19 of 647 id: cord-003915-kje8lvgl author: Pigeyre, Laetitia title: Interaction of a Densovirus with Glycans of the Peritrophic Matrix Mediates Oral Infection of the Lepidopteran Pest Spodoptera frugiperda date: 2019-09-17 words: 9052 flesch: 43 summary: Results showed that JcDV infected larvae pre-treated with Calcofluor displayed a significant shorter median time to death (LT50) compared to untreated infected larvae (7 vs. 9 days p.i. for control larvae; p < 0.01) ( Figure 1A and Supplementary Materials Figure S1 ), supporting that the PM can limit JcDV infection. JcDV infection of target cells (eg epidermis, trachea, hemocytes) proceeds by a receptor-dependent mechanism different from intestinal cells keywords: binding; calcofluor; capsids; caterpillars; chitin; densovirus; figure; frugiperda; glycans; gut; infection; insect; jcdv; midgut; min; pbs; proteins; results cache: cord-003915-kje8lvgl.txt plain text: cord-003915-kje8lvgl.txt item: #20 of 647 id: cord-003926-ycdaw2vh author: Maslow, Joel N. title: Zika Vaccine Development—Current Progress and Challenges for the Future date: 2019-07-14 words: 3768 flesch: 39 summary: Expert Rev Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of two Zika virus DNA vaccine candidates in healthy adults: Randomised, open-label, phase 1 clinical trials Safety and immunogenicity of an anti-Zika virus DNA vaccine-Preliminary Report In vivo protection against ZIKV infection and pathogenesis through passive antibody transfer and active immunization with a prMEnv DNA vaccine Rapid development of a DNA vaccine for Zika virus Preliminary aggregate safety and immunogenicity results from three trials of a purified inactivated Zika virus vaccine candidate: Phase 1, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials Vaccine protection against Zika virus from Brazil Protective efficacy of multiple vaccine platforms against Zika virus challenge in rhesus monkeys Modified mRNA vaccines protect against Zika virus infection Purified inactivated Zika vaccine candidates afford protection against lethal challenge in mice A measles virus-based vaccine candidate mediates protection against Zika virus in an allogeneic mouse pregnancy model Animal models of Zika virus infection, pathogenesis, and immunity Zika virus infection during pregnancy in mice causes placental damage and fetal demise Increased hospitalizations for neuropathies as indicators of Zika virus infection, according to Health Information System data Guillain-Barré syndrome, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and encephalitis associated with Zika virus infection in Brazil: Detection of viral RNA and Isolation of virus during late infection Ethical Considerations for Zika Virus Human Challenge Trials; National Institutes of Health Bystander risk, social value, and ethics of human research Zika vaccines: Role for controlled human infection Starting in mid-2015, Zika virus infection achieved epidemic status, spreading rapidly through South America, Central America, and the Caribbean Islands [5] . keywords: development; human; infection; mice; studies; study; trials; vaccine; virus; zika cache: cord-003926-ycdaw2vh.txt plain text: cord-003926-ycdaw2vh.txt item: #21 of 647 id: cord-004247-lagv3tp7 author: Hooft van Huijsduijnen, Rob title: Reassessing therapeutic antibodies for neglected and tropical diseases date: 2020-01-30 words: 6767 flesch: 40 summary: In 2 cases, the specific antibodies produced could be identified using B cell cloning [81] or after infection of mice genetically modified to express human antibody repertoires Other recent successes have included new antibodies for use in viral diseases, including HIV. keywords: antibodies; antibody; cell; dengue; diseases; fungal; human; infection; mabs; mice; patients; protection; protein; response; studies; treatment cache: cord-004247-lagv3tp7.txt plain text: cord-004247-lagv3tp7.txt item: #22 of 647 id: cord-004586-i8tacj63 author: None title: Empfehlung zur Prävention nosokomialer Infektionen bei neonatologischen Intensivpflegepatienten mit einem Geburtsgewicht unter 1500 g: Mitteilung der Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention beim Robert Koch-Institut date: 2007-10-05 words: 9355 flesch: 18 summary: Patienten mit Glycopeptidresistenten Enterokokken (GRE) / Vancomycinresistenten Enterokokken (VRE) Use of DNA fingerprinting in decision making for considering closure of neonatal intensive care units because of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a neonatal intensive care unit Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa polymicrobial bloodstream infections traced to extrinsic contamination of a dextrose multidose vial Outbreak of Pseudomonas putida bacteraemia in a neonatal intensive care unit Sepsis in a newborn due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a contaminated tub bath Ecology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the intensive care unit and the evolving role of water outlets as a reservoir of the organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a neonatal intensive care unit: reservoirs and ecology of the nosocomial pathogen Enteral feeding tubes are a reservoir for nosocomial antibiotic-resistant pathogens Neonatal infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with a water-bath used to thaw fresh frozen plasma Reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens in neonatal intensive care unit A comparison of the bacteria found on the hands of ‚homemakers' and neonatal intensive care unit nurses Defining pertussis epidemiology: clinical, microbiologic and serologic perspectives Bordetella pertussis infection: pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and the role of protective immunity Early infantile pertussis; increasingly prevalent and potentially fatal Pertussis: a continuing hazard for healthcare facilities Pertussis: an underappreciated risk for nosocomial outbreaks Nosocomial pertussis outbreak among adult patients and healthcare workers An outbreak of pertussis in a hematology-oncology care unit: implications for adult vaccination policy Azithromycin prophylaxis during a hospitalwide outbreak of a pertussis-like illness Congenital tuberculosis in a neonatal intensive care unit: case report, epidemiological investigation, and management of exposures Congenital tuberculosis in a neonatal intensive care Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in a newborn nursery and maternity ward Neonatal exposure to active pulmonary tuberculosis in a health care professional Connatal tuberculosis in an extremely low birth weight infant: case report and management of exposure to tuberculosis in a neonatal intensive care unit Zur Frage des geeigneten Atemschutzes vor luftübertragenen Infektionserregern. bloodstream infections in a nursery associated with contaminated aerosols and air conditioners Successful control of an Acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit An outbreak of neonatal infection with Acinetobacter linked to contaminated suction catheters Molecular epidemiological typing of Enterobacter cloacae isolates from a neonatal intensive care unit: three-year prospective study Enterobacter cloacae bloodstream infections in pediatric patients traced to a hospital pharmacy Management of an outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae in a neonatal unit using simple preventive measures Outbreak investigation of nosocomial enterobacter cloacae bacteraemia in a neonatal intensive care unit Multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal nursery: the importance of maintenance of infection control policies and procedures in the prevention of outbreaks A simultaneous outbreak on a neonatal unit of two strains of multiply antibiotic resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae controllable only by ward closure Ciprofloxacin treatment in newborns with multidrug-resistant nosocomial Pseudomonas infections Failure of systemic antibiotics to eradicate gram-negative bacilli from the airway of mechanically ventilated very low-birth-weight infants Purulence and gram-negative bacilli in tracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated very low birth weight infants Nosocomial outbreak of Serratia marcescens in a neonatal intensive care unit Serratia marcescens in the neonatal intensive care unit: re-emphasis of the potentially devastating sequelae Molecular epidemiology of Serratia marcescens outbreaks in two neonatal intensive care units Clustering of Serratia marcescens infections in a neonatal intensive care unit Overview of Nosocomial Infections Caused by Gram-Negative Bacilli Extended spectrum beta lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: a review of the literature Outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamaseproducing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit linked to artificial nails Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-induced antibiotics resistance in gram-negative agents: what should be watched in intensive care medicine? Extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit: risk factors for infection and colonization Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Control in Pediatrics The effect of antibiotic rotation on colonization with antibiotic-resistant bacilli in a neonatal intensive care unit Neonatal candidosis: clinical picture, management controversies and consensus, and new therapeutic options Fungal infection in the very low birth weight infant Empirical therapy for neonatal candidemia in very low birth weight infants Risk factors for invasive fungal infection in neonates Endotracheal colonization with Candida enhances risk of systemic candidiasis in very low birth weight neonates Candida tropicalis in a neonatal intensive care unit: epidemiologic and molecular analysis of an outbreak of infection with an uncommon neonatal pathogen Risk factors for pulmonary candidiasis in preterm infants with a birth weight of less than 1250 g Dexamethasone therapy and Candida sepsis in neonates less than 1250 grams Risk factors associated with candidaemia in the neonatal intensive care unit: a case-control study Systemic candidal infections associated with use of peripheral venous catheters in neonates: a 9-year experience Risk factors for candidemia in critically ill infants: a matched case-control study Neonatal candidemia and end-organ damage: a critical appraisal of the literature using meta-analytic techniques Antimykotische Therapie der vaginalen Hefepilz-Kolonisation von Schwangeren zur Verhütung von Kandidamykosen beim Neugeborenen Outbreak of Candida bloodstream infections associated with retrograde medication administration in a neonatal intensive care unit Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care unit patients: epidemiologic and laboratory confirmation of a common source outbreak Prevention of Candida colonization prevents infection in a neonatal unit Prophylactic oral antifungal agents to prevent systemic candida infection in preterm infants Neonatal candidiasis: prophylaxis and treatment Fluconazole for prophylaxis against candidal rectal colonization in the very low birth weight infant Prophylactic fluconazole is effective in preventing fungal colonization and fungal systemic infections in preterm neonates: a single-center, 6-year, retrospective cohort study Fluconazole prophylaxis against fungal colonization and infection in preterm infants Twice weekly fluconazole prophylaxis for prevention of invasive Candida infection in high-risk infants of < 1000 grams birth weight Fluconazole prophylaxis prevents invasive fungal infection in high-risk, very low birth weight infants Impact of fluconazole prophylaxis on incidence and outcome of invasive candidiasis in a neonatal intensive care unit Reducing Candida infections during neonatal intensive care: management choices, infection control, and fluconazole prophylaxis Emergence of fluconazole resistance in a Candida parapsilosis strain that caused infections in a neonatal intensive care unit Eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a neonatal intensive care unit by active surveillance and aggressive infection control measures Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in neonatal intensive care unit Microbiologic surveillance using nasal cultures alone is sufficient for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in neonates keywords: als; auch; auf; aureus; bei; birth; care; care unit; catheters; colonization; control; der; des; die; durch; eine; enterocolitis; frühgeborenen; für; gram; hospital; iii; infants; infection; infektionen; ist; kann; kategorie; kategorie ib; klebsiella; methicillin; mit; negative; neonatal; neonates; nicht; nosocomial; oder; outbreak; pneumonia; respiratory; risk; serratia; sind; staphylococcus; study; und; unit; use; vancomycin; von; weight; werden; wird; zur cache: cord-004586-i8tacj63.txt plain text: cord-004586-i8tacj63.txt item: #23 of 647 id: cord-004675-n8mlxe7p author: None title: 2019 CIS Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency & Dysregulation North American Conference date: 2019-02-26 words: 86609 flesch: 43 summary: Background: Patients with primary immune deficiencies characterized by severe T lymphopenia and/or poor T cell function and patients posthematopoietic cell transplantation are at high risk of severe viral infections. In this study, we investigated effect of IL12R1 mutation in IL-12/IFNaxis by evaluation of patients whole blood cell response to IL-12 and IFN-, IL-12R1 expression in PBMCs and T cell blasts. keywords: age; age patients; analysis; anti; antibody; assay; autoimmune; autoimmunity; b cells; background; biopsy; blood; bone; case; cd3; cd4; cgd; chronic; cohort; conclusions; cvid patients; data; defects; development; diagnosis; disease; disorders; dose; ebv; elevated; evaluation; expression; failure; family; female; fever; flow; function; gene; group; heterozygous; history; hsct; human; hypogammaglobulinemia; iga; igg; igm; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; infants; infections; inflammatory; introduction; laboratory; levels; life; liver; loss; low; lung; lymphocyte; lymphopenia; male; marrow; medical; methods; months; mutations; negative; nk cells; non; normal; novel; number; patients; phenotype; pid; post; presentation; proliferation; protein; range; recurrent; report; respiratory; response; results; risk; scid; sequencing; severe; specific; stem; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; t cells; testing; therapy; time; transplant; transplantation; treatment; variant; weeks; years cache: cord-004675-n8mlxe7p.txt plain text: cord-004675-n8mlxe7p.txt item: #24 of 647 id: cord-005007-pofm8b5x author: Higgins, P. G. title: Interferons and viral infections date: 1984 words: 1596 flesch: 23 summary: General consideration of the interferon system Deficient production of leucocyte interferon (interferon-a) in vitro and in vivo in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection Interferon system in acute virus hepatitis Effect of human fibroblast interferon on vaccination in volunteers Inhibition of respiratory virus infection by locally applied interferon Purified interferon as protection against rhinovixus infection Efficacy and tolerance of intranasally applied recombinant leucocyte A interferon in normal volunteers Intranasal interferon '~2 for prevention of rhinovirus infection and illness Intranasal interferon as protection against experimental respiratory coronavirus infection in volunteers Prevention of reactivated herpes simplex infection by human leukocyte interferon after operation on the trigeminal root Controlled clinical trial of prophylactic human-leukocyte interferon in renal transplantation. Changes in viral markers with interferon combined with adenine arabinoside Alpha interferon administration to infants with congential rubella Effect of human exogenous leukocyte interferon in cytomegalovirus infections Effect of leukocyte interferon on urinary excretion of cytomegalovirus by infants Double blind clinical study with human leukocyte interferon in the therapy of condylornata acuminata Effect of injections of small doses of human fibroblast interferon into genital warts: a pilot study Interferon therapy in juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis An effective dosage regimen for prophylaxis against rhinovirus infection by intranasal administration of HulFN-~2. keywords: human; infection; interferon; virus cache: cord-005007-pofm8b5x.txt plain text: cord-005007-pofm8b5x.txt item: #25 of 647 id: cord-005902-5zuij5i3 author: Frank, Johannes title: Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Extremities date: 2008-05-30 words: 3544 flesch: 42 summary: 1 Neutrophil extracellular traps: casting the NET over pathogenesis Invasive group A streptococcus infections Progressive necrotizing surgical infections: a unified approach The microbiology of necrotizing soft-tissue infections Predictors of mortality and limb loss in necrotizing soft tissue infections Clinical picture of the forearm after the reconstruction was performed. key: cord-005902-5zuij5i3 authors: Frank, Johannes; Barker, John H.; Marzi, Ingo title: Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Extremities date: 2008-05-30 journal: Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg DOI: 10.1007/s00068-008-8074-0 sha: doc_id: 5902 cord_uid: 5zuij5i3 Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) describes a life threatening soft tissue infection characterized by a rapid spreading infection of the subcutaneous tissue and in particular the fascia. keywords: cases; fascia; fasciitis; infections; necrotizing; skin; therapy; tissue; treatment cache: cord-005902-5zuij5i3.txt plain text: cord-005902-5zuij5i3.txt item: #26 of 647 id: cord-006129-5rog0s98 author: Hemida, Maged Gomaa title: Exploiting the Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs in Viral Diseases: Expectations and Limitations date: 2012-08-16 words: 7449 flesch: 39 summary: [12] We will discuss the roles and therapeutic potential of cellular as well as viral miRNAs (if any) in the pathogenesis and treatment of different viral diseases. HPyVs are able to encode viral miRNAs for their own benefit. keywords: cellular; diseases; expression; gene; host; human; immune; infection; micrornas; mirnas; replication; target; targeting; virus; viruses cache: cord-006129-5rog0s98.txt plain text: cord-006129-5rog0s98.txt item: #27 of 647 id: cord-006261-yw5k8qkz author: Heath, Gregory W. title: Exercise and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Is There a Relationship? date: 2012-10-23 words: 6219 flesch: 34 summary: Despite these beliefs, few studies have examined the relationships that exist among exercise and clinical expressions of upper respiratory tract infections. This article seeks to examine the existing studies that have investigated the relationship between exercise and upper respiratory tract infections and to determine ifany such relationship exists. keywords: activity; et al; exercise; increase; infections; lymphocyte; nieman; respiratory; studies; symptoms; tract; training cache: cord-006261-yw5k8qkz.txt plain text: cord-006261-yw5k8qkz.txt item: #28 of 647 id: cord-006464-s8rjoyse author: Bauer, Michael title: Infectious and Immunologic Phenotype of MECP2 Duplication Syndrome date: 2015-02-27 words: 5420 flesch: 36 summary: Mb terminal Xq duplication involving MECP2 but not L1CAM gene in a male patient with mental retardation Distal Xq duplication and functional Xq disomy The clinical variability of the MECP2 duplication syndrome: description of two families with duplications excluding L1CAM and FLNA Xq28 duplication presenting with intestinal and bladder dysfunction and a distinctive facial appearance Structural variation in Xq28: MECP2 duplications in 1% of patients with unexplained XLMR and in 2% of male patients with severe encephalopathy Two brothers with a microduplication including the MECP2 gene: rapid head growth in infancy and resolution of susceptibility to infection Complex rearrangements in patients with duplications of MECP2 can occur by fork stalling and template switching Neurologic aspects of MECP2 gene duplication in male patients Dosage-dependent severity of the phenotype in patients with mental retardation due to a recurrent copy-number gain at Xq28 mediated by an unusual recombination Autism and other neuropsychiatric symptoms are prevalent in individuals with MeCP2 duplication syndrome Four unrelated patients with Lubs X-linked mental retardation syndrome and different Xq28 duplications High frequency of nonrecurrent MECP2 duplications among Brazilian males with mental retardation MECP2 duplication in a patient with congenital central hypoventilation Progressive cerebellar degenerative changes in the severe mental retardation syndrome caused by duplication of MECP2 and adjacent loci on Xq28 De novo duplication of MECP2 in a girl with mental retardation and no obvious dysmorphic features Copy-number variations on the X chromosome in Japanese patients with mental retardation detected by array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis Novel association of severe neonatal encephalopathy and Hirschsprung disease in a male with a duplication at the Xq28 region Cryptic x; autosome translocation in a boydelineation of the phenotype MECP2 duplications in six patients with complex sex chromosome rearrangements De novo MECP2 duplication in two females with random Xinactivation and moderate mental retardation Novel clinical finding in MECP2 duplication syndrome De novo interstitial triplication of MECP2 in a girl with neurodevelopmental disorder and random X chromosome inactivation Inverted genomic segments and complex triplication rearrangements are mediated by inverted repeats in the human genome MECP2 triplication in 3 brothers -a rarely described cause of familial neurological regression in boys Japanese mental retardation consortium. Concomitant microduplications of MECP2 and ATRX in male patients with severe mental retardation Searching for copy number changes in nonsyndromic X-linked intellectual disability Xq28 duplications including MECP2 in five females: expanding the phenotype to severe mental retardation The incidence of hypoplasia of the corpus callosum in patients with dup (X)(q28) involving MECP2 is associated with the location of distal breakpoints Characterization of six novel patients with MECP2 duplications due to unbalanced rearrangements of the X chromosome Electroclinical pattern in MECP2 duplication syndrome: eight new reported cases and review of literature A partial MECP2 duplication in a mildly affected adult male: a putative role for the 3′ untranslated region in the MECP2 duplication phenotype A case report of Chinese brothers with inherited MECP2-containing duplication: autism and intellectual disability, but not seizures or respiratory infections Overexpression of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 impairs T(H)1 responses Clinical manifestations of Xq28 functional disomy involving MECP2 in one female and two male patients Second-trimester prenasal and prefrontal skin thickening -association with MECP2 triplication syndrome Brief report: regression timing and associated features in MECP2 duplication syndrome MECP2 duplication phenotype in symptomatic females: report of three further cases MECP2 duplication: possible cause of severe phenotype in females Clinical characterization and identification of duplication breakpoints in a Japanese family with Xq28 duplication syndrome including MECP2 The MECP2 duplication syndrome MECP2 duplication syndrome The main Aeromonas pathogenic factors The capsular polysaccharide complex of Bacteroides fragilis induces cytokine production from human and murine phagocytic cells Immunochemical and biological characterization of three capsular polysaccharides from a single Bacteroides fragilis strain Polysaccharide biosynthesis locus required for virulence of Bacteroides fragilis Capsulate bacteria and the lung Genome sequence of Klebsiella oxytoca M5al, a promising strain for nitrogen fixation and chemical production Capsule polysaccharide is a bacterial decoy for antimicrobial peptides Unique ability of the Proteus mirabilis capsule to enhance mineral growth in infectious urinary calculi The algR gene, which regulates mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, belongs to a class of environmentally responsive genes Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharides Encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus strains vary in adhesiveness assessed by atomic force microscopy Development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus Capsular polysaccharides are an important immune evasion mechanism for Staphylococcus aureus Immune evasion by staphylococci The ica locus of Staphylococcus epidermidis encodes production of the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin Upregulation of capsule enables Streptococcus pyogenes to evade immune recognition by antigen-specific antibodies directed to the G-related alpha2-macroglobulin-binding protein GRAB located on the bacterial surface The importance of the group a streptococcus capsule in the pathogenesis of human infections: a historical perspective Thermoregulation of capsule production by Streptococcus pyogenes Inborn errors of interferon (IFN)-mediated immunity in humans: insights into the respective roles of IFN-alpha/beta, IFN-gamma, and IFN-lambda in host defense Revisiting human IL-12Rβ1 deficiency: a survey of 141 patients from 30 countries Mycobacterial disease and impaired IFN-γ immunity in humans with inherited ISG15 deficiency Primary immunodeficiencies: a rapidly evolving story Interferon-gamma and B cell stimulatory factor-1 reciprocally regulate Ig isotype production Induction of IgG3 secretion by interferon gamma: a model for T cell-independent class switching in response to T cellindependent type 2 antigens T-bet regulates T-independent IgG2a class switching keywords: duplication; ifny; iga; igg; infections; mecp2; patients; phenotype; retardation; secretion; syndrome; values; xq28 cache: cord-006464-s8rjoyse.txt plain text: cord-006464-s8rjoyse.txt item: #29 of 647 id: cord-006466-e1phpqes author: None title: 2018 CIS Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency & Dysregulation North American Conference date: 2018-04-23 words: 92405 flesch: 42 summary: Despite defective T cell signaling responses to chemokines (i.e., GPCR stimulation), chemotaxis of patient T cell blasts in vitro was normal. Proteasome assembly and catalytic function was assessed by SDS-PAGE and native gel respectively, using patient derived cell lines. keywords: age; analysis; antibody; autoimmune; b cells; background; blood; case; cd3; cd4; cd8; cgd; children; chronic; clinical; complications; conclusions; counts; cvid patients; cytometry; data; day; days; development; diagnosis; disease; disorders; dna; evaluation; expression; flow; function; gene; hct; heterozygous; history; hospital; hsct; hypogammaglobulinemia; iga; igg; igm; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; infections; inflammatory; introduction; laboratory; levels; life; low; lung; lymphocyte; lymphopenia; marrow; mean; median; methods; months; mutation; negative; nk cells; non; normal; novel; number; objectives; onset; patients; phenotype; pid; population; positive; post; present; presentation; primary; protein; pulmonary; range; recurrent; reduced; replacement; report; response; results; scid; scid patients; sequencing; serum; skin; specific; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; t cells; testing; therapy; time; total; transplant; treatment; vaccine; variant; weeks; years cache: cord-006466-e1phpqes.txt plain text: cord-006466-e1phpqes.txt item: #30 of 647 id: cord-006523-zxn4oqly author: Lodha, Rakesh title: Nosocomial infections in pediatric intensive care units date: 2001 words: 5228 flesch: 30 summary: The efficacy of infection surveillance and control programs in preventing nosocomial infections in US hospitals Hand washing and hand disinfection Controlling antimicrobial resistance in hospitals: infection control and use of antibiotics Enteral nutrition in the critically ill patient: a critical review of the evidence An immune-enhancing enteral diet reduces mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care patients Randomised trial of glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition on infectious morbidity in patients with multiple trauma The role of understaffing in central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections Patient density, nurse-to-patient ratio and nosocomial infection risk in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit At least one of the following: a. new onset of purulent sputum or change in character of sputum b. organisms cultured from blood c. isolation of an etiologic agent from a specimen obtained by transtracheal aspirate, bronchial brushing, or biopsy. The NNIS data emphasizes that the duration of stay in an ICU is an important determinant of nosocomial infection; therefore, the length of stay should be one of the denominators in calculation of nosocomial infection rates2 In addition, it highlight the importance of invasive devices (endotracheal tubes, intravascular catheters, urinary catheters) in development of nosocomial infections. keywords: bloodstream; care; catheter; children; diagnosis; infections; patients; pneumonia; risk; tract; urine cache: cord-006523-zxn4oqly.txt plain text: cord-006523-zxn4oqly.txt item: #31 of 647 id: cord-006578-wv3wc0ct author: Stevens, D. L. title: Invasive streptococcal infections date: 2001 words: 8844 flesch: 37 summary: 16, 34 In published series, the case fatality rate for necrotizing fasciitis is between 20% and 50%, whereas group A streptococcal myositis has a fatality rate between 80% and 100%. In contrast, recent cases of group A streptococcal pneumonia and empyema have been associated with the StrepTSS (author's observations). keywords: cases; cells; group; infections; myositis; patients; penicillin; protein; pyogenes; shock; strains; streptococcus; streptss; type cache: cord-006578-wv3wc0ct.txt plain text: cord-006578-wv3wc0ct.txt item: #32 of 647 id: cord-006586-49btg9w7 author: Golfieri, R. title: Pulmonary complications of liver transplantation: radiological appearance and statistical evaluation of risk factors in 300 cases date: 2000 words: 7782 flesch: 34 summary: In addition, a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between pneumonia-risk score and the expected survival, thus confirming pulmonary infections as a major cause of death in OLT recipients. The following clinical data were recorded and correlated to the onset of pulmonary infections and to the outcome: 1. keywords: cases; infections; liver; oedema; olt; onset; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; risk; score; series cache: cord-006586-49btg9w7.txt plain text: cord-006586-49btg9w7.txt item: #33 of 647 id: cord-006819-sxz1s6kz author: Daniel Givens, M. title: Infectious causes of embryonic and fetal mortality date: 2008-05-27 words: 7667 flesch: 44 summary: Abortion following infection with serovar pomona occurs in the last trimester, whereas abortion caused by serovar hardjo occurs from 4 months of gestation to term. capricolum Isolation of Mycoplasma mycoides, mycoides (LC variant), from two naturally aborted caprine fetuses Abortion and early neonatal death of kids attributed to intrauterine Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection Multiple abortions associated with caprine herpesvirus infection in a goat herd Abortion and ulcerative posthitis associated with caprine herpesvirus-1 infection in goats in California Caprine herpesvirus-1 abortion storm in a goat herd in Quebec Serologic and reproductive findings after a herpesvirus-1 abortion storm in goats Toxoplasma gondii-induced abortion in dairy goats Abortion and death in goats inoculated with Sarcocystis sporocysts from coyote feces Bacterial, rickettsial, protozoal, and fungal causes of infertility and abortion in swine Diseases of swine Streptococcus suis type II-associated diseases in swine: observations of a one-year study Miscellaneous bacterial infections Actinobacillus suis, a potential cause of abortion in gilts and low parity sows Exploratory study of Mycoplasma suis (Eperythrozoon suis) on four commercial pig farms in southern Brazil Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (porcine arterivirus) keywords: abortion; animals; birth; cause; death; disease; fever; gestation; infection; organism; reproductive; signs; transmission; virus; zoonotic cache: cord-006819-sxz1s6kz.txt plain text: cord-006819-sxz1s6kz.txt item: #34 of 647 id: cord-006841-3u56erru author: Einsele, Hermann title: Infectious complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: epidemiology and interventional therapy strategies: Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO) date: 2003-09-10 words: 5276 flesch: 30 summary: key: cord-006841-3u56erru authors: Einsele, Hermann; Bertz, Hartmut; Beyer, Jörg; Kiehl, Michael G.; Runde, Volker; Kolb, Hans-Jochen; Holler, Ernst; Beck, Robert; Schwerdfeger, Rainer; Schumacher, Ulrike; Hebart, Holger; Martin, Hans; Kienast, Joachim; Ullmann, Andrew J.; Maschmeyer, Georg; Krüger, William; Niederwieser, Dietger; Link, Hartmut; Schmidt, Christian A.; Oettle, Helmut; Klingebiel, Thomas title: Infectious complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: epidemiology and interventional therapy strategies: Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO) date: 2003-09-10 journal: The risk of infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is determined by the underlying disease, the intensity of previous treatments and complications that may have occurred during that time, but above all, the risk of infection is determined by the selected transplantation modality (e.g. HLA-match between the stem cell donor and recipient, T cell depletion of the graft, and others). keywords: cell; cmv; day; fever; incidence; infections; patients; risk; stem; transplantation; treatment cache: cord-006841-3u56erru.txt plain text: cord-006841-3u56erru.txt item: #35 of 647 id: cord-007013-tlvgyzft author: Chan, Kok Fei title: Investigating Viral Interference Between Influenza A Virus and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in a Ferret Model of Infection date: 2018-08-01 words: 4954 flesch: 43 summary: key: cord-007013-tlvgyzft authors: Chan, Kok Fei; Carolan, Louise A; Korenkov, Daniil; Druce, Julian; McCaw, James; Reading, Patrick C; Barr, Ian G; Laurie, Karen L title: Investigating Viral Interference Between Influenza A Virus and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in a Ferret Model of Infection date: 2018-08-01 journal: J Infect Dis DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy184 sha: doc_id: 7013 cord_uid: tlvgyzft Epidemiological studies have observed that the seasonal peak incidence of influenza virus infection is sometimes separate from the peak incidence of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection, with the peak incidence of hRSV infection delayed. A epidemics coincided with changes in occurrence of other respiratory virus infections Impact of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses: a comparison of pre-pandemic, pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a subtropical city Increased risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infections associated with receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine Interference between respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in respiratory tract infections in children Epidemiology of multiple respiratory viruses in childcare attendees Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections Virus interference between H7N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus and lentogenic Newcastle disease virus in experimental co-infections in chickens and turkeys Interval between infections and viral hierarchy are determinants of viral interference following influenza virus infection in a ferret model Evidence for viral interference and cross-reactive protective immunity between influenza B virus lineages Protective heterologous antiviral immunity and enhanced immunopathogenesis mediated by memory T cell populations Specific history of heterologous virus infections determines anti-viral immunity and immunopathology in the lung Inhibition of influenza A virus replication by influenza B virus nucleoprotein: an insight into interference between influenza A and B viruses Viral Interference and persistence in mosquito-borne flaviviruses Dual infections of feeder pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus followed by porcine respiratory coronavirus or swine influenza virus: a clinical and virological study Rhinoviruses delayed the circulation of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus in France Protection of mice against lethal challenge with 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus by 1918-like and classical swine H1N1 based vaccines The ferret as a model organism to study influenza keywords: a(h1n1)pdm09; animals; days; ferrets; figure; hrsv; infection; influenza; interference; virus cache: cord-007013-tlvgyzft.txt plain text: cord-007013-tlvgyzft.txt item: #36 of 647 id: cord-007176-61e9obb3 author: Jackson, George Gee title: Viroses Causing Common Respiratory Infections in Man. III. Respiratory Syncytial Viroses and Coronavimses date: 1973-11-17 words: 4091 flesch: 47 summary: 3. Clinical and laboratory findings Morphology and development of respiratory syncytial virus in cell culture Growth and serologic characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus Experimental cytial virus antigens by agar gel diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis Interferon and respiratory syncytial virus Speculation on pathogenesis in death from respiratory syncytial virus infection The late detection of respiratory syncytial virus in cells of respiratory tract by immunofluorescence Double infection with RS virus and influenza Virus infections in children. Clinical comparison of overlapping outbreaks of influenza A2-Hong Kong-68 and respiratory syncytial virus infections Differentiation of actively and passively acquired complementfixing antibodies in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection The use of cough-nasal swabs in the rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection by the fluorescent antibody technique Morphogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus in a green monkey kidney cell line (Vero) Respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing activity in nasopharyngeal secretions RSV infections and infant deaths Respiratory syncytial virus tissue culture immunofluorescence as a laboratory aid Rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children by the immunofluorescent technique Experimental respiratory syncytial virus infection of adults. keywords: 229e; antibody; coronavirus; infection; respiratory; strain; syncytial; virus cache: cord-007176-61e9obb3.txt plain text: cord-007176-61e9obb3.txt item: #37 of 647 id: cord-007362-pjpkz6wv author: Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle title: The Pathologies of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection: A Window on the Pathogenesis date: 2016-01-06 words: 9007 flesch: 28 summary: Challenges to molecular biology Kidney lesions in cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus Immunohistological detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus antigen in the central nervous system of persistently infected cattle using monoclonal antibodies Porencephaly, hydranencephaly and leukoencephalopathy in bovine fetuses following transplacental infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus: Distribution of viral antigen and characterization of cellular response Expression of a tumor necrosis factor a transgene in murine pancreatic ~ cells results in severe and permanent insulinitis without evolution towards diabetes Interleukin-6 and its relation to inflammation and disease RNA virus populations as quasispecies Immune response to other agents of calves persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) Comparative pathogenicity of selected bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates in gnotobiotic lambs Congenital cerebellar hypoplasia and ocular defects following bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease infection in pregnant cattle Induction of functional follicular dendritic cell development in severe combined immunodeficiency mice In vivo selection of lymphocyte-tropic and macrophage-tropic variants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus during persistent infection The activated keratinocyte: A model for inducible cytokine production by non-bone marrow-derived cells in cutaneous inflammatory and immune responses Human keratinocytes contain mRNA indistinguishable from monocyte interleukin 1 alpha and beta mRNA Bovine viral diarrhea virus and Escherichia coli in neonatal calf enteritis Bovine viral diarrhea in the neonatal calf Transgenic mice expressing a hemopoietic growth factor gene (GM-CSF) develop accumulations of macrophages, blindness, and a fatal syndrome of tissue damage Activated Langerhans cells release tumor necrosis factor Bovine virus diarrhoea virus induces in vitro a proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cattle immunized by infection Congenital curly haircoat as a symptom of persistent infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus in calves Polyclonal activation of T cells, apoptosis, and memory in viral infection Interleukin-2 programs mouse a~ T lymphocytes for apoptosis Distribution of antigen of noncytopathogenic and cytopathogenic bovine virus diarrhea virus biotypes in the intestinal tract of calves following experimental production of mucosal disease Interferon ' Y plays a critical role in induced cell death of effector T cell: A possible third mechanism of self-tolerance Host cell selection of Murray Valley Encephalitis virus variants altered at an RGD sequence in the envelope protein and in mouse virulence Cellular inflammatory response in the lungs of calves exposed to bovine viral diarrhea virus, Mycoplasma bovies, and Pasteurella haemolytica Presence of bovine viral dialrhoea virus in lymphoid cell populations of persistently infected cattle Profound deletion of mature T cells in vivo by chronic exposure to exogenous superantigens Viral cytopathogenicity correlated with integration of ubiquitin-coding sequences Rearrangement of viral sequences in cytopathogenic pestiviruses Epidemiology of bovine virus diarrhoea virus Different strategies of IL-1 production and processing in keratinocytes and monocytes The pestiviruses Mechanisms of recovery from acute virus infection: Treatment of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-infected mice with monoclonal antibodies reveals that Lyt-2+ T lymphocytes mediate clearance of virus and regulate the antiviral antibody response Virus persistence in acutely infected immunocompetent mice by exhaustion of antiviral cytotoxic effector T cells Lesions in aborted bovine fetuses and placenta associated with bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection Interference with the binding of a naturally processes peptide to class II alters the immunodominance of T cell epitopes in vivo Experimental infection of calves with two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus: Virus recovery and clinical reactions Virus-triggered acquired immunodeficiency by cytotoxic T -cell-dependent destruction of antigen-presenting cells and lymph follicle structure Ablation of tolerance and induction of diabetes by virus infection in viral antigen transgenic mice An apparently new transmissible disease of cattle Virus-induced alterations in homeostasis: Alterations in differentiated functions of infected cells in vivo Effects of IL-12 on the response and susceptibility to experimental viral infections Identification of a new group of bovine viral diarrhea virus strains associated with severe outbreaks and high mortalities Bovine virus diarrhea-Clinical syndromes in dairy herds Experimental production of bovine respiratory tract disease with bovine viral diarrhea virus Comparison of the pneumopathogenicity of two strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus A form of immunological tolerance through impairment of germinal center development Analysis of the bovine diarrhea virus genome for possible cellular insertions New concepts in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and control of diseases caused by the bovine viral diarrhea virus Thrombocytopenia associated with acute bovine virus diarrhea infection in cattle Hybridization analysis of genomic variability among isolates of bovine viral diarrhoea virus using cDNA probes Antigenic and genomic comparison between non-cytopathic and cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea viruses isolated from cattle that had spontaneous mucosal disease Infection breaks T-cell tolerance Langerhans cell production of interleukin-1 Bovine herpesvirus-I-induced pharyngeal tonsil lesions in neonatal and weanling calves Developmental aspects of the fetal bovine immune response: A review Virus induced congenital anomalies of the bovine fetus. Histopathology of cerebellar degeneration (hypoplasia) induced by the virus of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease The pathways for bovine virus diarrhoea virus biotypes in the pathogenesis of disease Severe acute bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) in Ontario in 1993 A study of some pathogenic aspects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection An experimental contribution to the study of the pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection Langerhans cells in human warts The pathogenesis of chronic hog cholera (swine fever) Histologic, immunofluorescent, and electron microscopic studies Glucocorticoid activation of a calcium-dependent endonuclease in thymocyte nuclei leads to cell death Femoral and tibial fractures in a newborn calf after transplacental infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus Virulence and pathogenesis of yellow fever virus serially passaged in cell culture Monoclonal antibody analysis of cytopathic and noncytopathic viruses from fatal bovine viral diarrhea virus infections Thrombocytopenia and hemorrhages in veal calves infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus Severe thrombocytopenia in young calves experimentally infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus Lesions in clinically healthy cattle persistently infected with the virus of bovine viral diarrhea-Glomerulonephritis and encephalitis Transforming growth factor-~l modulates the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens on human cells Severe disease in adult dairy cattle in three UK dairy herds associated with BVDV infection Tumor necrosis factor inhibits the development of viral meningitis or induces rapid death depending on the severity of inflammation at time of administration Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus: Pathogenicity for the fetal calf following maternal infection An outbreak of peracute BVD in Pennsylvania cattle Genetic diversity and BVD virus Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease infection in cattle Clinical and virological observations of a mucosal disease outbreak with persistently-infected seropositive survivors Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: Implications for therapy Viral antigen distribution in the central nervous system of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus Breakdown of self-tolerance in anergic B lymphocytes Distribution of cytopathogenic and noncytopathogenic bovine virus diarrhea virus in tissues from a calf with experimentally induced mucosal disease using antigenic and genetic markers Ontogeny of the immune response: effect of protein energy malnutrition in neonatal calves Light and electron microscopic study of the normal and pathological thymus of the rat. II. keywords: antigen; bovine; bovine virus; bvdv; calves; cases; cattle; cells; changes; diarrhea; diarrhea virus; disease; fig; infection; lesions; macrophages; virus cache: cord-007362-pjpkz6wv.txt plain text: cord-007362-pjpkz6wv.txt item: #38 of 647 id: cord-007367-e31zhty6 author: Tassier, Troy title: Network position and health care worker infections date: 2015-09-07 words: 11008 flesch: 52 summary: In this paper we use a newly collected data set on hospital worker contacts in order to identify hospital worker groups that have the potential to create the largest number of infections based on their location in a hospital contact network. Traditionally, epidemiology research has focused on well-mixed (randomly mixed) populations where agent contacts are homogeneous. keywords: agent; average; contacts; data; groups; hospital; infections; number; population; transmission; vaccination cache: cord-007367-e31zhty6.txt plain text: cord-007367-e31zhty6.txt item: #39 of 647 id: cord-007417-az8xd66p author: Hansbro, Nicole G. title: Understanding the mechanisms of viral induced asthma: New therapeutic directions date: 2008-01-29 words: 29711 flesch: 30 summary: Synergistic suppression of virus-induced chemokines in airway epithelial cells The role of Toll-like receptor 4 versus interleukin-12 in immunity to respiratory syncytial virus Interleukin-11: Stimulation in vivo and in vitro by respiratory viruses and induction of airways hyperresponsiveness Spectrum of clinical illness in hospitalized patients with common cold virus infections Efficacy of a saponin-adjuvanted inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in calves Response of calves to challenge exposure with virulent bovine respiratory syncytial virus following intranasal administration of vaccines formulated for parenteral administration Respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompromised adults Vascular endothelial growth factor induces endothelial fenestrations in vitro The role of the respiratory syncytial virus in airway syndromes in childhood The relationship between respiratory syncytial virus infections and the development of wheezing and asthma in children Suppression of pattern-recognition receptor TLR4 sensing does not alter lung responses to pneumovirus infection Relationship of serum antibody to risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly adults Respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly and high-risk adults Increased vascular endothelial growth factor and receptors: Relationship to angiogenesis in asthma Macrolides in the treatment of asthma and cystic fibrosis Doubling the dose of budesonide versus maintenance treatment in asthma exacerbations Acute bronchiolitis in infancy as risk factor for wheezing and reduced pulmonary function by seven years in Akershus County Respiratory illness associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus infection: Its role in aeroallergen sensitization during the first two years of life Interleukin 5 deficiency abolishes eosinophilia, airways hyperreactivity, and lung damage in a mouse asthma model Lower airways inflammation during rhinovirus colds in normal and in asthmatic subjects Detection of viral, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in exacerbations of asthma in children Transcriptional activation of the interleukin-8 gene by respiratory syncytial virus infection in alveolar epithelial cells: Nuclear translocation of the RelA transcription factor as a mechanism producing airway mucosal inflammation Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (not T helper type 2 cytokines) is associated with severe forms of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis A comparison of epidemiologic and immunologic features of bronchiolitis caused by influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus Intracellular pool of vascular endothelial growth factor in human neutrophils Impaired virus-induced interferon-alpha2 release in adult asthmatic patients Relationship of upper and lower airway cytokines to outcome of experimental rhinovirus infection Relationships among specific viral pathogens, virus-induced interleukin-8, and respiratory symptoms in infancy Double-stranded RNA induces the synthesis of specific chemokines by bronchial epithelial cells Effects of viral respiratory infections on lung development and childhood asthma Bidirectional interactions between viral respiratory illnesses and cytokine responses in the first year of life A bovine model of vaccine enhanced respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology Rhinovirus infects primary human airway fibroblasts and induces a neutrophil chemokine and a permeability factor Mobilization of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells to mucosal sites in children with respiratory syncytial virus and other viral respiratory infections 543â��546. A prospective cohort study with matched controls Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy and asthma and allergy at age 13 Subgroup specific protection of mice from respiratory syncytial virus infection with peptides encompassing the amino acid region 174-187 from the G glycoprotein: The role of cysteinyl residues in protection Impact of severe disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus in children living in developed countries Palivizumab prophylaxis, respiratory syncytial virus, and subsequent recurrent wheezing Clinical and immunological effects of low-dose IFN-alpha treatment in patients with corticosteroid-resistant asthma Inflammatory subtypes in asthma: assessment and identification using induced sputum Sequelae of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy and early childhood among Alaska Native children Childhood asthma following hospitalization with acute viral bronchiolitis in infancy Role of monocytes and eosinophils in human respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro Suppression of the induction of alpha, beta, and lambda interferons by the NS1 and NS2 proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus in human epithelial cells and macrophages Effects of nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS2 of human respiratory syncytial virus on interferon regulatory factor 3, NF-kappaB, and proinflammatory cytokines Tolerance and efficacy of intranasal administration of recombinant beta serine interferon in healthy adults Virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes downregulate T helper cell type 2 cytokine secretion and pulmonary eosinophilia during experimental murine respiratory syncytial virus infection Virus-specific memory and effector T lymphocytes exhibit different cytokine responses to antigens during experimental murine respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus in early life and risk of wheeze and allergy by age 13 years Atopic disposition, wheezing, and subsequent respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in Danish children younger than 18 months: A nested case-control study A survey of virus infections of the respiratory tract of cattle and their association with disease Family size, infection and atopy: The first decade of the hygiene hypothesis Infection of a human respiratory epithelial cell line with rhinovirus. keywords: acute; ahr; airway; asthma; bronchiolitis; cd8; cells; children; development; disease; effects; et al; human; ifn; immune; induces; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; life; lung; mice; protein; release; responses; rhinovirus; role; rsv; rsv infection; studies; symptoms; syncytial; th1; th2; virus; virus infection; wheezing cache: cord-007417-az8xd66p.txt plain text: cord-007417-az8xd66p.txt item: #40 of 647 id: cord-007445-2folsh35 author: Tuffaha, Amjad title: THE ROLE OF RESPIRATORY VIRUSES IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC ASTHMA date: 2000-06-01 words: 4973 flesch: 20 summary: Respiratory virus infections usually cause peripheral lymphopenia and increased numbers of lymphocytes in the upper and lower airways, for example. Respiratory syncytial virus infections may interact with immunoinflammatory mechanisms involved in immediate hypersensitivity responses in a number of ways.18 First, it has been suggested that viruses capable of infecting lower airway epithelium may lead to enhanced absorption of aeroallergens across the airway wall, predisposing to subsequent sensitizati~n.~~, 94 Second, RSV-specific IgE antibody formation may lead to mast-cellmediator release within the airway, resulting in the development of bronchospasm and the ingress of eo~inophils.~~, 60, 85, 115 Respiratory syncytial virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, the genera Pneumovirus, and can be differentiated into two serologic subgroups, A and B.M, It has 10 genes, with 12 potential gene products. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; children; development; infection; rsv; symptoms; virus; viruses; wheezing cache: cord-007445-2folsh35.txt plain text: cord-007445-2folsh35.txt item: #41 of 647 id: cord-007575-5ekgabx5 author: Luby, James P. title: Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Pneumonias in Adults Due to Mycoplasma, Chlamydiae, and Viruses date: 2016-01-14 words: 12010 flesch: 36 summary: Clinically, the patient with influenza virus pneumonia has the sudden onset off ever, prostration, and myalgias followed shortly by dyspnea. Influenza virus pneumonia occurred during hospitalization. keywords: adults; cases; cmv; diffuse; disease; evidence; infection; infiltrates; influenza; lung; mycoplasma; patients; pneumonia; suprainfection; therapy; tract; varicella; virus; viruses cache: cord-007575-5ekgabx5.txt plain text: cord-007575-5ekgabx5.txt item: #42 of 647 id: cord-007796-zggk0x2q author: Lindemans, Caroline A. title: The Immune Response to Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infection date: 2005 words: 9805 flesch: 32 summary: Predictive value for subsequent development of persistent wheezing Are we ready for universal influenza vaccination in paediatrics? Concurrent serious bacterial infections in 2396 infants and children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections Specific inhibition of type I interferon signal transduction by respiratory syncytial virus Viral evolution toward change in receptor usage: Adaptation of a major group human rhinovirus to grow in ICAM-1-negative cells Eosinophils, eosinophil ribonucleases, and their role in host defense against respiratory virus pathogens Respiratory syncytial virus infection results in airway hyperresponsiveness and enhanced airway sensitization to allergen Latency and persistence of respiratory syncytial virus despite T cell immunity IFNgamma mediates a novel antiviral activity through dynamic modulation of TRAIL and TRAIL receptor expression Viral infections in obstructive airway diseases Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy is an important risk factor for asthma and allergy at age 7 How viruses enter animal cells Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Disease severity, interleukin-8, and virus genotype Respiratory virus infections in the immunocompromised host Suppression of the induction of alpha, beta, and gamma interferons by the NS1 and NS2 proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus in human epithelial cells and macrophages Respiratory syncytial virus in early life and risk of wheeze and allergy by age 13 years Respiratory syncytial virus epidemics: The ups and downs of a seasonal virus Respiratory syncytial virus enhances the expression of CD11b molecules and the generation of superoxide anion by human eosinophils primed with platelet-activating factor Association between common Toll-like receptor 4 mutations and severe respiratory syncytial virus disease Time course of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in mechanically ventilated infants Palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants Respiratory syncytial virus inhibits apoptosis and induces NF-kappa B activity through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway Identification of NF-kappaB-dependent gene networks in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells CX3C chemokine mimicry by respiratory syncytial virus G glycoprotein Respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with phagocyte defects A newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease An update on the pathophysiology of rhinovirus upper respiratory tract infections Viral lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children Replication and clearance of respiratory syncytial virus: Apoptosis is an important pathway of virus clearance after experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus Viral induction of a chronic asthma phenotype and genetic segregation from the acute response The interaction of neutrophils with respiratory epithelial cells in viral infection Respiratory syncytial virus-specific antibody responses in immunoglobulin A and E isotypes to the F and G proteins and to intact virus after natural infection Community respiratory viruses: Organ transplant recipients Respiratory outcomes in high-risk children 7 to 10 years after prophylaxis with respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin Human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in otherwise healthy infants and children Immune responses to adenoviruses: Viral evasion mechanisms and their implications for the clinic Paramyxoviridae use distinct virusspecific mechanisms to circumvent the interferon response Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus to community cases of influenza-like illness: An observational study Impaired innate host defense causes susceptibility to respiratory virus infections in cystic fibrosis is likely to be crucial to the improvement of immunotherapies for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory tract infections. In solid organ transplant patients, respiratory virus infections are also associated with a higher incidence of rejection (Wendt, 1997) . keywords: asthma; bronchiolitis; cells; children; disease; epithelial; et al; human; infection; protein; receptor; response; rhinovirus; rsv; tract; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-007796-zggk0x2q.txt plain text: cord-007796-zggk0x2q.txt item: #43 of 647 id: cord-007797-toam6r5y author: Franquet, Tomás title: Imaging of Pulmonary Infection date: 2019-02-20 words: 4853 flesch: 26 summary: In 90% of patients with Pneumocystis jiroveci, pneumonia chest radiographs show diffuse bilateral infiltrates in a perihilar distribution ( Fig. 7.5) . Pulmonary infection is characterized pathologically by bronchopneumonia with focal or multifocal abscess formation. keywords: chest; consolidation; disease; findings; ground; infection; nodules; opacities; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary cache: cord-007797-toam6r5y.txt plain text: cord-007797-toam6r5y.txt item: #44 of 647 id: cord-008499-tl3i7uzd author: Robb, James A. title: Intrauterine latent herpes simplex virus infection(): I. Spontaneous abortion date: 2007-11-06 words: 6151 flesch: 34 summary: Total inflammation, presence of acute or chronic choriodeciduitis (CD); normal, no acute or chronic CD; total I ISV +, staining in one or more of the following patterns--chorionic villus llofbauer cells (VH), snbamnionic chnrion (SAC), or endometrial epithelium (EMET) (see Results section anti figures I and 3); blighted ovmn, destruction of the embr)o as defined by lack of nucleated embryonic erythrocytes and capillaries in the chorionic villi; muhiparity, more than one pregnancy; SAb and TAb, spontaneous and therapeutic abortions, respectively; recurrent SAb, more than one spontaneous abc)rtion; gestational age, the gestation:d age of the embryo at the time of the abortion; patient or partner cold sore, clinical history of at least one episode of ~wal HSV infection in the patient or partner at the time of pregnancy, respectively; patient or partner genital tlSV, clinical Ifistory of genital HSV infection in the patient or partner, respectively. No evidence of HSV infection was found in routine studies of the placenta and umbilical cord by the same techniques. keywords: anti; antibody; cent; herpes; hsv; infection; positivity; spontaneous; staining; tissues; virus cache: cord-008499-tl3i7uzd.txt plain text: cord-008499-tl3i7uzd.txt item: #45 of 647 id: cord-008716-38sqkh9m author: Schmidt, Alexander C title: Current research on respiratory viral infections: Third International Symposium date: 2001-06-01 words: 24777 flesch: 38 summary: I. Isolation, properties and characterization Newly recognized myxoviruses from children with respiratory disease Growth on artificial medium of an agent associated with atypical pneumonia and its identification as PPLO Isolation and characterization of adenovirus 5 from the brain of an infant with fatal cerebral edema Respiratory viruses interfere with bacteriologic response to antibiotic in children with acute otitis media Parainfluenza Viruses Rational design of live-attenuated recombinant vaccine virus for human respiratory syncytial virus by reverse genetics Production of infectious human respiratory syncytial virus from cloned cDNA confirms an essential role for the transcription elongation factor from the 5% proximal open reading frame of the M2 mRNA in gene expression and provides a capability for vaccine development Recovery of viruses other than cytomegalovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Immunity to influenza in man Immunization of types four and seven adenoviruses by selective infection of the intestinal tract Respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Host responses to respiratory virus infection and immunization Satisfactorily attenuated and protective mutants derived from a partially attenuated cold-passaged respiratory syncytial virus mutant by introduction of additional attenuating mutations during chemical mutagenesis Recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) monoclonal antibody Fab is effective therapeutically when introduced directly into the lungs of RSV-infected mice The molecular basis of pneumococcal infection: a hypothesis Rehospitalization for respiratory illness in infants of less than 32 weeks' gestation Acute respiratory viral infections in ambulatory children of urban northeast Brazil Heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans are involved in adenovirus type 5 and 2-host cell interactions Comparison of rapid diagnostic techniques for respiratory syncytial and influenza A virus respiratory infections in young children Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) expressing the hemagglutinin protein of measles virus provides a potential method for immunization against measles virus and PIV3 in early infancy Prolonged survival of pancreatic islet allografts mediated by adenovirus immunoregulatory transgenes Rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised adults Mechanism of protective immunity against influenza virus infection in mice without antibodies Efficacy of a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine against Acute Otitis Media. Respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients are characterized by persistence of viral infection, prolonged shedding of virus, a high rate of nosocomial acquisition, and a high frequency of pneumonia and death. keywords: adenovirus; adults; age; antibody; cell; children; clinical; day; development; disease; et al; group; human; infants; infected; infection; influenza; influenza virus; mice; pandemic; patients; protein; respiratory; risk; rsv; rsv disease; rsv vaccine; study; syncytial; time; tract; treatment; vaccine; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; years cache: cord-008716-38sqkh9m.txt plain text: cord-008716-38sqkh9m.txt item: #46 of 647 id: cord-009101-376snefs author: Strodtbeck, Frances title: Viral Infections of the Newborn date: 2015-12-16 words: 3386 flesch: 37 summary: The fetus and newborn are particularly wlnerable to viral infection. The incidence of viral infections in the newborn is estimated at 6-8% of all live births (Smith, 1993) . keywords: care; disease; infection; newborn; strodtbeck; virus; viruses cache: cord-009101-376snefs.txt plain text: cord-009101-376snefs.txt item: #47 of 647 id: cord-009144-3slh1nbk author: Jacobs, J.W. title: RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL AND OTHER VIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN INFANTS date: 1971-05-01 words: 3289 flesch: 57 summary: Age Table I shows virus infections diagnosed in infants of different ages. Gardner et al. 3 present persuasive evidence in support of the postulate that the development of immediate hypersensitivity plays a dominant role in the pathogenesis of acute bronchiolitis in R.s. infections. keywords: antibody; infants; infections; months; r.s; virus; viruses cache: cord-009144-3slh1nbk.txt plain text: cord-009144-3slh1nbk.txt item: #48 of 647 id: cord-009169-hzxgi1t0 author: Sun, Bingwei title: Nosocomial infection in China: Management status and solutions date: 2016-07-01 words: 1629 flesch: 32 summary: key: cord-009169-hzxgi1t0 authors: Sun, Bingwei title: Nosocomial infection in China: Management status and solutions date: 2016-07-01 journal: Am J Infect Control DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.039 sha: doc_id: 9169 cord_uid: hzxgi1t0 nan To the Editor: In China, nosocomial infection is a prominent public health concern and is associated with an annual direct economic burden of $1.5-$2.3 billion (¥10-¥15 billion). keywords: care; control; infection; management; patients cache: cord-009169-hzxgi1t0.txt plain text: cord-009169-hzxgi1t0.txt item: #49 of 647 id: cord-009193-244ii7e2 author: Giancane, Gabriella title: Opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: analysis by the Pharmachild Safety Adjudication Committee date: 2020-04-07 words: 7023 flesch: 38 summary: A future manuscript will focus on those factors increasing the risk of OI through appropriate modeling to identify the risk factor for OI infection including disease duration, drugs, comorbidities, etc. The Swedish paediatric JIA-registry Biologic treatment response among adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from the British Society for Effectiveness and long-term retention of anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment in juvenile and adult patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: data from Reuma.pt Biologic-associated infections in pediatric rheumatology Experience with etanercept, tocilizumab and interleukin-1 inhibitors in systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients from the BIKER registry Risk of serious infection in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients associated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and disease activity in the German biologics in pediatric rheumatology registry Report on malignancies in the German juvenile idiopathic arthritis registry Development of a web-based register for the Dutch national study on biologicals in JIA: keywords: arthritis; children; data; events; infections; jia; juvenile; list; pathogen; patients; pharmachild; sac; treatment cache: cord-009193-244ii7e2.txt plain text: cord-009193-244ii7e2.txt item: #50 of 647 id: cord-009380-5uptbat3 author: Evermann, James F. title: Diagnostic Medicine: The Challenge of Differentiating Infection from Disease and Making Sense for the Veterinary Clinician date: 2007-09-28 words: 2923 flesch: 34 summary: In infections such as EIA, the consequences of infection are just as severe as the horse that has clinical signs of EIA. The ecology of infection is divided into infection rate, attack rate (progress to become clinical), and mortality rate. keywords: assays; control; detection; diagnosis; disease; infection; virus cache: cord-009380-5uptbat3.txt plain text: cord-009380-5uptbat3.txt item: #51 of 647 id: cord-009507-l74c9x0n author: Singh, Amandeep title: Clinicopathological Conference: Fever, Productive Cough, and Tachycardia in a 22‐year‐old Asian Male date: 2008-01-08 words: 4402 flesch: 40 summary: Large pericardial effusions are most common with tumors, tuberculosis pericarditis, cholesterol pericarditis, myxedema, vasculitis/connective tissue disease, uremic pericarditis, and parasitoses. To summarize, this patient's recent immigration, symptoms of intermittent fever and of chronic cough that failed to respond to outpatient antibiotics, and development of large pericardial effusion all are consistent with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. keywords: chest; cough; disease; effusion; fever; infection; patient; pericarditis; symptoms; tuberculosis cache: cord-009507-l74c9x0n.txt plain text: cord-009507-l74c9x0n.txt item: #52 of 647 id: cord-009577-29u7pdpk author: Gonzalez‐Scarano, F. title: Molecular pathogenesis of neurotropic viral infections date: 2004-10-08 words: 6378 flesch: 35 summary: In the case of influenza virus, a trypsin-like protease present in host cells cleaves the hemagglutinin protein into two smaller peptides, HA1 and HA2, held together by a tlisulfide bond. If influenza virus is grown in cells that lack this peptidase activity, H A cleavage does not occur, and, though the virus still binds to cellular receptors, it is not infectious [20, 41, 67, 681. keywords: cells; cns; host; infection; influenza; proteins; rabies; receptor; reovirus; spread; system; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-009577-29u7pdpk.txt plain text: cord-009577-29u7pdpk.txt item: #53 of 647 id: cord-009664-kb9fnbgy author: None title: Oral presentations date: 2014-12-24 words: 71226 flesch: 44 summary: Resistance to penicillin, clindamycin and tetracycline fluctuated over time at~75%, 4−8% and 2−10% respectively. The median expected power was 10.0% (IQR, 7.2−13.6%) for a risk ratio for mortality of 0.85 between the compared groups; 14.7% (IQR, 10.6−21.8%) for a risk ratio of 0.80; and 7.9% (IQR, 6.3−10.2%) for a reduction in mortality from 30% to 25%. keywords: age; analysis; antibiotic; assay; associated; aureus; bacterial; blood; cases; cause; cdi; cells; clinical; common; community; conclusion; control; countries; culture; data; days; detection; diagnosis; different; difficile; disease; dna; drug; efflux; europe; expression; factors; gene; group; high; hospital; human; identification; incidence; increase; infections; influenza; isolates; laboratory; levels; like; methods; microbiology; model; mortality; mrsa; n =; negative; new; non; number; objectives; pathogens; patients; pcr; period; plasmid; pneumoniae; population; positive; potential; presence; present; prevalence; pvl; range; rate; resistance; resistance genes; response; results; risk; role; samples; screening; sensitivity; sequence; species; specimens; spread; strains; studies; study; susceptibility; system; testing; therapy; time; total; treatment; type; use; virus; years cache: cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt plain text: cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt item: #54 of 647 id: cord-009773-pbm2vs5h author: TRIGG, C. J. title: Bronchial inflammation and the common cold: a comparison of atopic and non‐atopic individuals date: 2006-04-27 words: 5963 flesch: 48 summary: Atopic subjects were more likely to show an increase in EG2 infiltration than non-atopic subjects. Atopic subjects differed in that they were less likely to have positive virological tests and were more likely to show activated eosinophilia in the lower airway, despite a similar spectrum of symptoms. keywords: atopic; baseline; bronchial; cells; cold; hrv; increase; infection; nasal; non; positive; rhinovirus; subjects; symptoms cache: cord-009773-pbm2vs5h.txt plain text: cord-009773-pbm2vs5h.txt item: #55 of 647 id: cord-009860-qebenhxz author: Falsey, Ann R. title: Viral Respiratory Infections in the Institutionalized Elderly: Clinical and Epidemiologic Findings date: 2015-04-27 words: 3472 flesch: 48 summary: The A frequency of respiratory infections is high in young children and appears to decline with advancing age.' Residents of long-term-care facilities represent a debilitated subgroup of the elderly population and thus are particularly prone to excess morbidity with respiratory infections. keywords: illness; infection; influenza; patients; rsv; study; virus cache: cord-009860-qebenhxz.txt plain text: cord-009860-qebenhxz.txt item: #56 of 647 id: cord-009967-fyqc5bat author: Gleckman, Richard title: Cost‐Effective Antibiotic Prescribing date: 2012-01-24 words: 5939 flesch: 23 summary: In 1973, it was reported that favorable results ensued when oral antibiotic therapy was prescribed for hospitalized patients with serious infectionsz3 Fourteen patients with osteomyelitis were treated successfully with oral cephalexin after they had received a short course of parenteral cephaloridine. Therapy of osteomyelitis and suppurative arthritis High-dose dicloxacillin treatment of acute staphylococcal osteomyelitis in children Long-term follow-up of ambulatory management of osteomyelitis Success with cephalordine-cephalexin therapy Use of the serum bactericidal titer to assess the adequacy of oral antibiotic therapy in the treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis Marks MI et at. keywords: antibiotic; cost; drug; home; hospital; infections; intravenous; patients; prophylaxis; therapy; treatment; use cache: cord-009967-fyqc5bat.txt plain text: cord-009967-fyqc5bat.txt item: #57 of 647 id: cord-010162-hfo35gsq author: Saikku, Pekka title: Atypical respiratory pathogens date: 2014-12-29 words: 3071 flesch: 32 summary: According to seroepidemiologic surveys, Chlamydia pneumoniae infections are 20-50 times more common than Chlamydia psitfari infections [15,16]. It should also be attempted in Chlamydia pneumoniae infections in order to obtain information on disease associations and strain variability of this newly recognized pathogen. keywords: acute; agent; chlamydia; disease; infections; pathogens; pneumoniae; tract; twar cache: cord-010162-hfo35gsq.txt plain text: cord-010162-hfo35gsq.txt item: #58 of 647 id: cord-010175-p2py9wau author: Winter, Harland title: GASTROINTESTINAL AND NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN WITH IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND AIDS date: 1996-04-01 words: 4340 flesch: 25 summary: HeIicobacter pylari in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Disseminated histoplasmosis as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illness in an infant Intestinal parasites and HIV infection in Tanzanian children with chronic diarrhea Centers for Disease Control: Some of these same agents, such as the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-a), are upregulated by HIV infection, affect intermediate metabolism, and cause malnutrition by increasing nutrient requirements. keywords: children; chronic; diarrhea; disease; enteric; function; gastrointestinal; hiv; immunodeficiency; infection; virus cache: cord-010175-p2py9wau.txt plain text: cord-010175-p2py9wau.txt item: #59 of 647 id: cord-010233-772e35kx author: Monto, Arnold S. title: Respiratory illness caused by picornavirus infection: a review of clinical outcomes date: 2002-01-03 words: 4599 flesch: 30 summary: The search terms used were picornavirus, rhinovirus, enterovirus, viral respiratory infection, upper respiratory infection, disease burden, economic, cost, complications, asthma, COPD, immunocompromised, elderly, otitis media, and sinusitis. Younger children appear to be more susceptible to viral respiratory infections, as demonstrated by the fact that preschool children can have 5 to 9 respiratory infections per year. keywords: asthma; children; infections; patients; picornavirus; rhinovirus; study; tract cache: cord-010233-772e35kx.txt plain text: cord-010233-772e35kx.txt item: #60 of 647 id: cord-010255-gvkc2hjd author: Chrystie, I.L. title: ASYMPTOMATIC ENDEMIC ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS IN THE NEWBORN date: 1978-06-03 words: 1638 flesch: 47 summary: 1) In Haydon ward rotavirus infection among newborn babies was mild or more often symptomless. It is not known why rotavirus infection is mild or symptomless in the newborn human. keywords: babies; infection; newborn; rotavirus cache: cord-010255-gvkc2hjd.txt plain text: cord-010255-gvkc2hjd.txt item: #61 of 647 id: cord-010570-ytv7dwr0 author: Casadevall, Arturo title: Return to the Past: The Case for Antibody-Based Therapies in Infectious Diseases date: 1995-07-17 words: 7474 flesch: 27 summary: Chemotherapy was more effective and less toxic than antibody therapy. Serum therapy reduced mortality in diphtheria, and antibody therapy continues to be used today to treat this disease keywords: antibodies; antibody; chemotherapy; human; immune; infections; intravenous; mabs; monoclonal; murine; pathogens; patients; serum; therapies; therapy; treatment; use cache: cord-010570-ytv7dwr0.txt plain text: cord-010570-ytv7dwr0.txt item: #62 of 647 id: cord-011095-79ce5900 author: Meskill, Sarah D. title: Respiratory Virus Co-infection in Acute Respiratory Infections in Children date: 2020-01-24 words: 4979 flesch: 27 summary: mSphere Respiratory pathogens in children with and without respiratory symptoms Clinical utility of PCR for common viruses in acute respiratory illness Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups Respiratory syncytial virus: infection, detection, and new options for prevention and treatment The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. children Human rhinoviruses Prospective multicenter study of viral etiology and hospital length of stay in children with severe bronchiolitis Insights into the interaction between influenza virus and pneumococcus Preventing and treating influenza Quantitative review of antibody response to inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines. Of those participants who tested negative for respiratory viral infections, 81.9-99.6% reported to be asymptomatic depending on the definition applied. keywords: children; disease; infections; influenza; patients; rsv; study; virus; viruses cache: cord-011095-79ce5900.txt plain text: cord-011095-79ce5900.txt item: #63 of 647 id: cord-011438-imbpgsub author: Zhang, Yun title: Host–Virus Interaction: How Host Cells Defend against Influenza A Virus Infection date: 2020-03-29 words: 9339 flesch: 34 summary: hemagglutinin genes Nuclear traffic of influenza virus proteins and ribonucleoprotein complexes A virus nucleoprotein induces apoptosis in human airway epithelial cells: Implications of a novel interaction between nucleoprotein and host protein Clusterin Autophagy induction regulates influenza virus replication in a time-dependent manner Antigen-specific B-cell receptor sensitizes B cells to infection by influenza virus Modulation of Innate Immune Responses by the Influenza A NS1 and PA-X Proteins Host Immune Response to Influenza A Virus Infection NKp46 O-Glycan Sequences That Are Involved in the Interaction with Hemagglutinin Type 1 of Influenza Virus Evasion of natural killer cells by influenza virus Respiratory Influenza Virus Infection Induces Memory-like Liver NK Cells in Mice Critical Role of Natural Killer Cells in Lung Immunopathology During Influenza Infection in Mice NK cells exacerbate the pathology of influenza virus infection in mice Swift and Strong NK Cell Responses Protect 129 Mice against High-Dose Influenza Virus Infection A Role for Neutrophils in Viral Respiratory Disease. keywords: activation; apoptosis; avian; cells; host; human; iav; iavs; ifn; immunity; infection; influenza; pathway; protein; receptor; replication; responses; rna; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-011438-imbpgsub.txt plain text: cord-011438-imbpgsub.txt item: #64 of 647 id: cord-011968-abd891ej author: Lai, Yen-Chung title: Roles of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Dengue Pathogenesis: From Pathogenic Factor to Therapeutic Target date: 2020-06-12 words: 5735 flesch: 32 summary: However, infection of macrophages with Sindbis virus resulted in MIF release from intracellular pools without a significant increase in MIF transcription or cell death [48] . In this paper, the pathogenic roles of MIF and the regulation of MIF secretion during DENV infection are reviewed. keywords: autophagy; cells; dengue; denv; factor; infection; inhibitory; macrophage; mif; migration; secretion; virus cache: cord-011968-abd891ej.txt plain text: cord-011968-abd891ej.txt item: #65 of 647 id: cord-012484-c9ajmbw2 author: Wahlund, Martina title: The Feasibility of Host Transcriptome Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool for Microbial Etiology in Childhood Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia date: 2020-07-26 words: 5091 flesch: 41 summary: Guideline for the management of fever and neutropenia in children with cancer and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation recipients: 2017 update A prospective multicenter study of microbiologically defined infections in pediatric cancer patients with fever and neutropenia: Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group 2003 fever and neutropenia study Respiratory viruses, a common microbiological finding in neutropenic children with fever A prospective study on the epidemiology of febrile episodes during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with cancer or after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation Respiratory viral infections and coinfections in children with cancer, fever and neutropenia: Clinical outcome of infections caused by different respiratory viruses Nasopharyngeal detection of respiratory viruses in febrile neutropenic children Clinical utility of PCR for common viruses in acute respiratory illness Frequent respiratory viral infections in children with febrile neutropenia-A prospective follow-up study Principles of intracellular viral recognition Gene expression signatures diagnose influenza and other symptomatic respiratory viral infections in humans Gene expression profiles in febrile children with defined viral and bacterial infection Diagnostic test accuracy of a 2-transcript host RNA signature for discriminating bacterial vs viral infection in febrile children Association of RNA biosignatures with bacterial infections in febrile infants aged 60 days or younger Integrative omics to detect bacteremia in patients with febrile neutropenia Quantitative relationships between circulating leukocytes and infection in patients with acute leukemia Febrile neutropenia in paediatric oncology Acute respiratory infections in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia Frequency and clinical outcome of respiratory viral infections and mixed viral-bacterial infections in children with cancer, fever and neutropenia Rhinovirus detection in symptomatic and asymptomatic children: Value of host transcriptome analysis Host gene expression in nose and blood for the diagnosis of viral respiratory infection A 2-transcript host cell signature distinguishes viral from bacterial diarrhea and it is influenced by the severity of symptoms Host-based peripheral blood gene expression analysis for diagnosis of infectious diseases A qPCR expression assay of IFI44L gene differentiates viral from bacterial infections in febrile children To investigate if there were any group-specific pathways that were activated, a new pathway analysis was performed on group-specific genes (viral, n = 75, unknown n = 265, and co-infection n = 149, Figure 2A ) and only few genes clustered into any pathway in samples with viral infection etiology, while the resulting top canonical pathways for samples with unknown and co-infection etiology were identical (data not shown). keywords: bacterial; children; episodes; etiology; expression; gene; infection; rna; samples cache: cord-012484-c9ajmbw2.txt plain text: cord-012484-c9ajmbw2.txt item: #66 of 647 id: cord-013837-x95r6bz8 author: Chai, Qiyao title: New insights into the evasion of host innate immunity by Mycobacterium tuberculosis date: 2020-07-29 words: 11232 flesch: 20 summary: To prevent the successful establishment of Mtb infection in the lungs, host immune cells, and various nonclassical immune cells in the airway are equipped with a set of cell-surface and intracellular PRRs to recognize the invading mycobacteria, such as Toll-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors, Nod-like receptors (NLRs), complement receptors, and scavenger receptors (SRs). Upon infection, host cells detect Mtb through a set of innate immune receptors and launch a range of cellular innate immune events. keywords: activation; autophagy; cell; cytosolic; dna; host; immune; immunity; infection; intracellular; macrophages; mtb; mtb infection; mycobacterium; pathway; protein; responses; role; system; tuberculosis; type; ubiquitin cache: cord-013837-x95r6bz8.txt plain text: cord-013837-x95r6bz8.txt item: #67 of 647 id: cord-014540-27hnlu5v author: Sutthiruk, Nantanit title: Abstracts from the 8th International Congress of the Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control (APSIC): Bangkok, Thailand. 12-15 February 2017 date: 2017-02-22 words: 24575 flesch: 43 summary: Following the interventions, environmental cleaning assessment of high-touch areas showed an overall average of 86% compliance, with 17 CB-DCs achieving ≥85% compliance in environmental cleaning of high-touch areas. However, in some cases, the difference between S. aureus from different MLST types were much lower -28% (ST239-ST609), 14% (ST8-ST239), 11% (ST8-ST609) and 5% (ST5-ST105). keywords: 6(suppl; antibiotic; associated; background; blood; care; cases; chen; cleaning; compliance; contamination; control; data; days; dose; hand; hand hygiene; hcws; healthcare; hospital; hygiene; incidence; infection; infection control; intervention; isolates; medical; methods; mrsa; nurses; patients; practice; prevention; process; program; rate; resistance; results; risk; ssi; staff; study; system; test; total; treatment; use; vap; workers; years cache: cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt plain text: cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt item: #68 of 647 id: cord-014712-5u4e00q6 author: None title: Selected Abstracts from the 100th J Project Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, March 12-14, 2014 date: 2014-08-02 words: 36956 flesch: 46 summary: Recurrent severe complicated infections developed in 90% of PID patients. Register for PID patients has been set up in Bulgaria that allowed the collection of data on the incidence and prevalence of PID and the negative effect of these conditions on the population. keywords: age; analysis; antibody; autoimmune; bcg; blood; case; cells; cgd; children; chronic; clinical; cvid; cvid patients; deficiency; diagnosis; disease; disorders; examination; family; findings; gene; group; high; history; hospital; igg; igm; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; infections; ivig; laboratory; levels; low; medical; months; mutation; normal; patients; pid; pid patients; present; primary; rate; recurrent; results; scid; skin; study; symptoms; syndrome; therapy; treatment; university; years cache: cord-014712-5u4e00q6.txt plain text: cord-014712-5u4e00q6.txt item: #69 of 647 id: cord-014965-efmozngq author: None title: Infectious diseases other than CMV (1st Section) date: 2001-06-11 words: 8012 flesch: 47 summary: First signs of LPD appeared 64, 64 and 67 days after last dose of ATG (16mg/kg) in transplant patients, 30 days after last dose of ATG (30mg/kg) in patient treated with ATG+CsA for relapsing SAA. In transplant patients, cure rate was 41 % and an overall mortality was 58 %. keywords: cell; days; dose; fungal; infection; median; patients; pcr; positive; prophylaxis; pts; results; therapy; treatment cache: cord-014965-efmozngq.txt plain text: cord-014965-efmozngq.txt item: #70 of 647 id: cord-015487-iugrhyaq author: Nicolson, Garth L. title: Chronic Bacterial and Viral Infections in Neurodegenerative and Neurobehavioral Diseases date: 2008-05-01 words: 8485 flesch: 35 summary: 32, 33 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients also have other chronic infections, including human herpesvirus-6 (HHV6), Chlamydia pneumoniae, and other infections. 115 Inflammation and autoimmune responses have also been attributed to other chronic infections found in PD. keywords: als; alzheimer; brain; chlamydia; disease; evidence; infections; mycoplasma; pathogenesis; patients; pneumoniae; sclerosis; symptoms cache: cord-015487-iugrhyaq.txt plain text: cord-015487-iugrhyaq.txt item: #71 of 647 id: cord-015640-zdwmxaz3 author: Tong, C. Y. W. title: Clinical Virology in NICU, PICU and AICU date: 2011-08-10 words: 6055 flesch: 39 summary: Clinically, influenza infection is characterised by abrupt onset of fever, sore throat, myalgia, cough, headache and malaise. key: cord-015640-zdwmxaz3 authors: Tong, C. Y. W.; Schelenz, S. title: Clinical Virology in NICU, PICU and AICU date: 2011-08-10 journal: Infection Control in the Intensive Care Unit DOI: 10.1007/978-88-470-1601-9_20 sha: doc_id: 15640 cord_uid: zdwmxaz3 Viruses are significant causes of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care unit (ICU) where seriously ill and vulnerable patients are being cared for. keywords: care; control; diagnosis; disease; health; icu; infection; influenza; patients; risk; rsv; transmission; virus; workers cache: cord-015640-zdwmxaz3.txt plain text: cord-015640-zdwmxaz3.txt item: #72 of 647 id: cord-015922-5wwy0m2k author: Marty, Francisco M. title: Infection in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient date: 2008 words: 10256 flesch: 30 summary: Hematology / the Education Program of the Invasive aspergillus infection: possible nonward common source within the hospital environment Septicemia and shock syndrome due to viridans streptococci: a case-control study of predisposing factors Introduction to marrow and blood stem cell transplantation Infectious complications associated with alemtuzumab use for lymphoproliferative disorders Infliximab use in patients with severe graftversus-host disease and other emerging risk factors of non-Candida invasive fungal infections in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: a cohort study Risks and outcomes of invasive fungal infections in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants after nonmyeloablative conditioning Invasive aspergillosis following hematopoietic cell transplantation: outcomes and prognostic factors associated with mortality Galactomannan and computed tomography-based preemptive antifungal therapy in neutropenic patients at high risk for invasive fungal infection: a prospective feasibility study Levofloxacin to prevent bacterial infection in patients with cancer and neutropenia Antibacterial prophylaxis after chemotherapy for solid tumors and lymphomas Prophylactic antimicrobial agents and the importance of fitness Changing epidemiology of infections in patients with neutropenia and cancer: emphasis on gram-positive and resistant bacteria Outcomes of bacteremia in patients with cancer and neutropenia: observations from two decades of epidemiological and clinical trials Escherichia coli resistant to fluoroquinolones in patients with cancer and neutropenia Ceftazidime combined with a short or long course of amikacin for empirical therapy of gram-negative bacteremia in cancer patients with granulocytopenia. Infectious Diseases Society of America Disseminated trichosporonosis caused by Trichosporon loubieri Micafungin versus fluconazole for prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections during neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Caspofungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for empirical antifungal therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia Breakthrough trichosporonosis in patients with hematologic malignancies receiving micafungin Epidemiology of Aspergillus infections in a large cohort of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation Candidemia in allogeneic blood and marrow transplant recipients: evolution of risk factors after the adoption of prophylactic fluconazole Prevention and early treatment of invasive fungal infection in patients with cancer and neutropenia and in stem cell transplant recipients in the era of newer broad-spectrum antifungal agents and diagnostic adjuncts Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplants: an international consensus Should the consensus guidelines' specific criteria for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infection be changed? Reactivity of (1->3)-beta-d-glucan assay with commonly used intravenous antimicrobials Increasing volume and changing characteristics of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis on sequential thoracic computed tomography scans in patients with neutropenia Empiric antibiotic and antifungal therapy for cancer patients with prolonged fever and granulocytopenia Empiric antifungal therapy in febrile granulocytopenic patients. keywords: cell; cmv; disease; gvhd; hsct; infection; marrow; patients; post; prophylaxis; recipients; risk; stem; therapy; transplant; transplantation; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-015922-5wwy0m2k.txt plain text: cord-015922-5wwy0m2k.txt item: #73 of 647 id: cord-015967-kqfyasmu author: Tagore, Somnath title: Epidemic Models: Their Spread, Analysis and Invasions in Scale-Free Networks date: 2015-03-20 words: 7930 flesch: 45 summary: Generally, epidemic models consider contact networks to be static in nature, where all links are existent throughout the infection course. Likewise, for contact networks where the structure is mathematically tractable, a particular critical value of the contagion probability p is existent, an SIS epidemic undergoes a rapid shift from one that terminates out quickly to one that persists for a long time. keywords: case; epidemic; individuals; infection; network; number; population; spread; time cache: cord-015967-kqfyasmu.txt plain text: cord-015967-kqfyasmu.txt item: #74 of 647 id: cord-016020-awanrm9u author: Fox, Julie D. title: Respiratory Pathogens date: 2007 words: 4604 flesch: 22 summary: Future directions will incorporate the use of microarray systems for respiratory pathogen detection and analysis to allow crossing of the barriers between conventional virology and bacteriology (and mycology/parasitology). For respiratory viruses, other methods have been used for typing, including heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and RFLP analysis of amplified PCR products. keywords: amplification; analysis; detection; diagnosis; infections; influenza; methods; pathogens; pcr; viruses cache: cord-016020-awanrm9u.txt plain text: cord-016020-awanrm9u.txt item: #75 of 647 id: cord-016109-vbzy11hc author: Damjanovic, V. title: Outbreaks of Infection in the ICU: What’s up at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century? date: 2011-08-10 words: 5497 flesch: 45 summary: Two reports described ICU outbreaks caused by Hansenula anomala, an opportunistic yeast first reported from a Liverpool, UK, NICU in 1986 In conclusion, new trends as well as old confirm what we indicated in the previous edition of this book, which is that to control and prevent ICU outbreaks, surveillance cultures and SDD should be integrated in routine infection-control measures. keywords: authors; care; control; icu; infection; outbreak; patients; surveillance; unit; vancomycin cache: cord-016109-vbzy11hc.txt plain text: cord-016109-vbzy11hc.txt item: #76 of 647 id: cord-016127-tbot0fc9 author: Hurtado, F. J. title: Sepsis: Clinical Approach, Evidence-Based at the Bedside date: 2009-11-19 words: 4879 flesch: 42 summary: Since 2002 the Surviving Sepsis Campaign was introduced with the initial goal of increasing clinicians' awareness about severe sepsis mortality and to improve outcome in this patient population. Severe sepsis relates to the presence of sepsis and one or more related organ dysfunctions. keywords: dysfunction; evidence; failure; infection; mortality; organ; patients; resuscitation; sepsis; shock; therapy cache: cord-016127-tbot0fc9.txt plain text: cord-016127-tbot0fc9.txt item: #77 of 647 id: cord-016208-u12ngkpc author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: Intensive Patient Treatment date: 2018-09-25 words: 4582 flesch: 47 summary: Intensive patients are treated with extensive invasive procedures, which may cause a risk of hospital infections in 10–30% of the cases. Use sterile water for intensive care patients for oral hygiene. keywords: bacteria; care; control; hospital; hygiene; icu; infections; patients; room; unit; use cache: cord-016208-u12ngkpc.txt plain text: cord-016208-u12ngkpc.txt item: #78 of 647 id: cord-016223-nk8xwa0t author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: Strict Isolation date: 2018-09-25 words: 4888 flesch: 60 summary: The design of isolation rooms Hospital and community acquired infection and the built environment-design and testing of infection control rooms Door-opening motion can potentially lead to a transient breakdown in negative-pressure isolation conditions: the importance of vorticity and buoyancy airflows Isolation rooms for highly infectious diseases: an inventory of capabilities in European countries Patient care in a biological safety level 4 (BSL-4) environment Evidence-based design of health care facilities: In isolation units with collection of infectious waste water in tank for further disinfection/autoclaving, it is particularly important to ensure safe and risk-free isolation conditions. keywords: air; control; disinfection; equipment; infection; isolation; patient; room; unit; waste cache: cord-016223-nk8xwa0t.txt plain text: cord-016223-nk8xwa0t.txt item: #79 of 647 id: cord-016426-aw3wirmb author: Wohrley, Julie D. title: The Role of the Environment and Colonization in Healthcare-Associated Infections date: 2018-07-16 words: 7357 flesch: 21 summary: Analysis of data from the German Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System regarding the placement of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in private rooms in intensive care units Guidelines for the control and prevention of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in healthcare facilities Strategies to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission and infection in acute care hospitals: 2014 update Screening and isolation to control meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: sense, nonsense, and evidence Outcomes of colonization with MRSA and VRE among liver transplant candidates and recipients Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and associated risks Follow-up of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage after 8 years: redefining the persistent carrier state Persistent (not intermittent) nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is the determinant of CPD-related infections Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is a major risk factor for surgical-site infections in orthopedic surgery Quantitative analysis and molecular fingerprinting of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in different patient populations: a prospective, multicenter study Effect of antibiotics on the bacterial load of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in anterior nares Role of decolonization in a comprehensive strategy to reduce methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the neonatal intensive care unit: an observational cohort study Eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a neonatal intensive care unit by active surveillance and aggressive infection control measures Successful control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in endemic neonatal intensive care units -a 7-year campaign Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of mupirocin for eradicating carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage: a systematic review Mupirocin prophylaxis to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in patients undergoing dialysis: a metaanalysis Intranasal mupirocin for reduction of Staphylococcus aureus infections in surgical patients with nasal carriage: a systematic review Perioperative intranasal mupirocin for the prevention of surgical-site infections: systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis Mupirocin ointment for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in nasal carriers Universal surveillance for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 3 affiliated hospitals Veterans Affairs initiative to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections Universal screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at hospital admission and nosocomial infection in surgical patients Effect of mupirocin decolonization on subsequent methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in infants in neonatal intensive care units Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission and infections in a neonatal intensive care unit despite active surveillance cultures and decolonization: challenges for infection prevention Strategies to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission and infection in acute care hospitals: 2014 update Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America's Pediatric Special Interest G. Identification and eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in the neonatal intensive care unit: results of a national survey Burden of invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections in hospitalized infants Active surveillance cultures and decolonization to reduce Staphylococcus aureus infections in the neonatal intensive care unit Comprehensive strategy including prophylactic mupirocin to reduce Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in high-risk neonates Control of a methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit by unselective use of nasal mupirocin ointment Screening cardiac surgery patients for MRSA: an economic computer model Efficacy of mupirocin nasal ointment in eradicating Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in chronic haemodialysis patients The persistence of Staphylococcus aureus decolonization after mupirocin and topical chlorhexidine: implications for patients requiring multiple or delayed procedures Effectiveness of a bundled intervention of decolonization and prophylaxis to decrease gram positive surgical site infections after cardiac or orthopedic surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis Preoperative colonization in pediatric cardiac surgery and its impact on postoperative infections Preventing surgical-site infections in nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus Safety of chlorhexidine gluconate used for skin antisepsis in the preterm infant Summary of recommendations: guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections Chlorhexidine use in the neonatal intensive care unit: results from a national survey Percutaneous absorption of chlorhexidine in neonatal cord care Absorption of chlorhexidine from the intact skin of newborn infants Pilot trial to compare tolerance of chlorhexidine gluconate to povidone-iodine antisepsis for central venous catheter placement in neonates Chlorhexidine bathing and healthcare-associated infections: a randomized clinical trial Chlorhexidine bathing and health care-associated infections among adult intensive care patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Effectiveness of chlorhexidine bathing to reduce catheter-associated bloodstream infections in medical intensive care unit patients Effect of daily chlorhexidine bathing on hospital-acquired infection Daily chlorhexidine bathing to reduce bacteraemia in critically ill children: a multicentre, cluster-randomised, crossover trial Clinical and molecular features of decreased chlorhexidine susceptibility among nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus isolates at Texas Children's Hospital Targeted versus universal decolonization to prevent ICU infection Impact of daily chlorhexidine baths and hand hygiene compliance on nosocomial infection rates in critically ill patients Interventions to reduce colonisation and transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in intensive care units: an interrupted time series study and cluster randomised trial Selective digestive or oropharyngeal decontamination and topical oropharyngeal chlorhexidine for prevention of death in general intensive care: systematic review and network meta-analysis Selective oropharyngeal decontamination versus selective digestive decontamination in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Selective digestive and oropharyngeal decontamination in medical and surgical ICU patients: individual patient data meta-analysis Selective decontamination of the oropharynx and the digestive tract, and antimicrobial resistance: a 4 year ecological study in 38 intensive care units in the Netherlands Comparative gut microbiota and resistome profiling of intensive care patients receiving selective digestive tract decontamination and healthy subjects Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in critically ill children: systematic review and meta-analysis The timing of prophylactic administration of antibiotics and the risk of surgical-wound infection Preoperative bathing of the surgical site with chlorhexidine for infection prevention: systematic review with meta-analysis A randomized, clinical trial of preadmission chlorhexidine skin preparation for lower extremity total joint arthroplasty Preoperative Staphylococcus Aureus screening and targeted decolonization in cardiac surgery Preoperative bathing with chlorhexidine reduces the incidence of surgical site infections after total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection Chlorhexidine-alcohol versus povidone-iodine for surgical-site antisepsis Frequent contamination of nursing scrubs is associated with specific care activities Skin and skin structure infections in the patient at risk: carrier state of Staphylococcus aureus Prolonged outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection traced to a healthcare worker with psoriasis Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate surfaces? keywords: aureus; care; chlorhexidine; cleaning; colonization; environmental; hospital; infection; mrsa; pathogens; patients; risk; skin; staphylococcus; use cache: cord-016426-aw3wirmb.txt plain text: cord-016426-aw3wirmb.txt item: #80 of 647 id: cord-016499-5iqpl23p author: Mackay, Ian M. title: Rhinoviruses date: 2014-02-27 words: 23417 flesch: 34 summary: ARIs linked to HRV infections are associated with excessive and perhaps inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and with significant direct and indirect healthcare expenditure. ARIs linked to HRV infections are associated with excessive and perhaps inappropriate antibiotic prescribing [ 4 ] and with signifi cant direct and indirect healthcare expenditure [ 5 , 6 ] . keywords: acute; adults; airway; antiviral; ari; asthma; cells; children; cold; culture; defi; detection; disease; exacerbations; host; hrsv; hrv; hrv infection; hrvs; human; identifi; ifn; illness; infection; infl; nasal; pcr; receptor; response; rhinovirus; rna; role; species; studies; study; symptoms; time; tract; type; viruses cache: cord-016499-5iqpl23p.txt plain text: cord-016499-5iqpl23p.txt item: #81 of 647 id: cord-016572-6fu5s89c author: Hage, Chadi A. title: Endemic mycosis date: 2005 words: 9006 flesch: 41 summary: In fact, most cases of PDH now occur in AIDS patients, and most occur in highly endemic areas [22] , [23] . In AIDS patients with PDH, the density of organisms is higher than in other immunosuppressed patients, and blood cultures are particularly useful, yielding a diagnosis in up to 90% of cases. keywords: aids; amphotericin; blastomycosis; cases; coccidioidomycosis; diagnosis; disease; histoplasmosis; illness; infection; itraconazole; patients; pdh; pulmonary; therapy; treatment cache: cord-016572-6fu5s89c.txt plain text: cord-016572-6fu5s89c.txt item: #82 of 647 id: cord-016601-gp259urb author: Bonadonna, Lucia title: Analysis of Microorganisms in Hospital Environments and Potential Risks date: 2017-03-24 words: 3525 flesch: 25 summary: Some biofilm-forming bacteria such as Legionella, Klebsiella, Pantoea agglomerans, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae can cause hospital infections and are more resistant to disinfectants and antibiotics than their planktonic states. The definition of the role that the environment has on the acquisition of hospital infections is highlighted by the need for multiple strategies to control the dissemination of pathogenic microorganisms and the adoption of prevention measures. keywords: air; healthcare; hospital; indoor; infections; microorganisms; pathogens; patients; surfaces; water cache: cord-016601-gp259urb.txt plain text: cord-016601-gp259urb.txt item: #83 of 647 id: cord-016690-3gsq724l author: Li, Hongjun title: HIV/AIDS Related Respiratory Diseases date: 2013-09-30 words: 26773 flesch: 44 summary: Pathogens of HIV related pulmonary infections include parasites, fungi, mycobacteria, viruses, bacteria and toxoplasma gondii. In this section, the clinical manifestations and imaging findings of HIV related pulmonary infections are analyzed and discussed, which provide effective diagnosis basis, so as to reduce the incidence of HIV-related pulmonary infections. keywords: aids; aids patients; bronchial; cancer; cases; cd4; cell; changes; chest; cough; count; diagnosis; fever; hiv; imaging; infection; infi; lesions; lung; manifestations; nodules; parenchymal; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; ray; shadows; symptoms; tuberculosis; type cache: cord-016690-3gsq724l.txt plain text: cord-016690-3gsq724l.txt item: #84 of 647 id: cord-016704-99v4brjf author: Nicholson, Felicity title: Infectious Diseases: The Role of the Forensic Physician date: 2005 words: 14642 flesch: 55 summary: In 1998, 56% of reported cases were from people born outside the United Kingdom and 3% were associated with HIV infection (70, 71) . Clusters of skin infections with MRSA have been reported among injecting drug users (IDUs) since 1981 in America (45, 46) , and more recently, similar strains have been found in the United Kingdom in IDUs in the community (47) . keywords: blood; cases; contact; detainee; disease; exposure; gloves; hbv; health; hepatitis; hiv; infection; kingdom; people; risk; skin; staff; transmission; treatment; united; vaccine; years cache: cord-016704-99v4brjf.txt plain text: cord-016704-99v4brjf.txt item: #85 of 647 id: cord-016782-aods92rf author: Lessenger, James E. title: Diseases from Animals, Poultry, and Fish date: 2006 words: 4988 flesch: 45 summary: Other documented infections of humans from manure-contaminated foods includes Listeria monocytogenes in cabbage contaminated by sheep waste, Cryptosporidium spread by municipal water contaminated by cattle, Salmonella hartford in food prepared by contaminated water from a shallow well polluted with poultry manure, and Pleisomonas shigelloides infection associated with well-water contaminated by poultry manure (5) . Key to the prevention of the transmission of animal disease to humans is the proper processing of food products. keywords: animals; contact; disease; farms; fish; food; health; humans; infection; poultry; salmonella; transmission; tuberculosis; workers cache: cord-016782-aods92rf.txt plain text: cord-016782-aods92rf.txt item: #86 of 647 id: cord-016882-c9ts2g7w author: Ribeiro, Edna title: Viruses Present Indoors and Analyses Approaches date: 2017-06-12 words: 10252 flesch: 32 summary: Presently, numerous valuable cell monolayers are commercially available, and are regularly utilized in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of virus infections. Respiratory viruses can be transported over considerable distances by air currents and be inhaled, penetrating deep into the respiratory system (Prussin II et al., 2015) . keywords: aerosol; air; cause; children; contact; contamination; disease; droplets; environments; et al; health; human; indoor; infections; influenza; patients; pcr; samples; spread; surfaces; transmission; viruses cache: cord-016882-c9ts2g7w.txt plain text: cord-016882-c9ts2g7w.txt item: #87 of 647 id: cord-016962-8vjaot6i author: Pantanowitz, Liron title: Microbiology date: 2011-07-04 words: 4535 flesch: 45 summary: These small (8-15 mm) oval parasites are identified within the brush border of the intestinal epithelium, and are discussed in the chapter on gastrointestinal infections. A guide to identification Disseminated nocardiosis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy: quick and accurate diagnostic approach Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution The study of cytopathological aspects induced by human cytomegalovirus infection Atypial cytomorphologic appearance of Cryptococcus neoformans: a report of five cases keywords: bacteria; causes; cytology; fig; form; fungi; host; hyphae; infection; organisms; skin; species; yeast cache: cord-016962-8vjaot6i.txt plain text: cord-016962-8vjaot6i.txt item: #88 of 647 id: cord-016966-b23o5roz author: Verhoef, Jan title: Immune response in human pathology: infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites date: 2005 words: 4305 flesch: 41 summary: In particular, the release of TNF-α (also called cachectin) and INTERLEUKIN-1 (IL-1), after the activation of host cells by endotoxin, induces hemodynamic shock. Innate immune cells recognize microbes by TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS (see section Pathogenesis of shock), giving rise to the above production of CYTOKINES in the early phase of the response. keywords: antibodies; bacteria; cells; defence; diseases; infections; micro; organisms; response; virus cache: cord-016966-b23o5roz.txt plain text: cord-016966-b23o5roz.txt item: #89 of 647 id: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi author: Zaki, Sherif R. title: Viral Infections of the Lung date: 2008 words: 19595 flesch: 28 summary: Preceding respiratory infection predisposing for primary and secondary invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease Viral-bacterial synergistic interaction in respiratory disease Immune impairment of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis during influenza virus pneumonia Mechanisms of bacterial superinfect ions in viral pneumonias Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Identification of a new North American hantavirus that causes acute pulmonary insufficiency Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus Genetic identification of a hantavirus associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness Varicella-related mortality in California Decline in mortality due to varicella after implementation of varicella vaccination in the United States Pneumonia caused by herpesviruses in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants Initial genetic characterization of the 1918 Spanish influenza virus Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus Transmission of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus by organ transplantation A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans Fatal West Nile virus encephalitis in a renal transplant recipient Transmission of West Nile virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture Recovery of new agent from patients with acute respiratory illness Adenoviruses: group name proposed for new respiratory-tract viruses Adenoviruses in the immunocompromised host Fatal disseminated adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients Respiratory disease and the adenoviruses Adenoviruses from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals, including two strains that represent new candidate serotypes Ad50 and Ad51 of species Bl and D, respectively Infections in 18,000 infants and children in a controlled study of respiratory tract disease. 102 Multinucleated syncytial cells similar to those seen in some SARS patients can also be found in a number of virus infections, including measles, parainfluenza viruses, RSV, and Nipah virus infections. keywords: acute; alveolar; antigens; cases; cause; cells; children; diagnosis; disease; fever; fig; giant; hsv; human; inclusions; infection; influenza; lung; measles; nipah; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; sars; syncytial; syndrome; tissues; tract; type; varicella; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi.txt plain text: cord-016990-ot1wi3xi.txt item: #90 of 647 id: cord-017012-yl0vanuh author: Herberg, Jethro title: Infectious Diseases and the Kidney date: 2009 words: 23989 flesch: 30 summary: Bacterial infections associated with renal disease and the likely mechanisms causing renal dysfunction are shown in > Impaired renal function is a common occurrence in systemic sepsis (1) . The group A streptococci (GAS) are a major worldwide cause of renal disease, usually as poststreptococcal nephritis. keywords: acute; bkv; cases; cause; cells; children; chronic; diagnosis; disease; evidence; failure; features; fever; glomerular; hbv; hepatitis; hiv; illness; immune; infection; involvement; kidney; nephritis; nephropathy; patients; present; proteinuria; renal; shock; syndrome; therapy; treatment; urine; virus cache: cord-017012-yl0vanuh.txt plain text: cord-017012-yl0vanuh.txt item: #91 of 647 id: cord-017021-n6rpuvwd author: Marriott, Deborah J. title: Common Infections Following Lung Transplantation date: 2018-08-31 words: 11700 flesch: 34 summary: In lung transplant recipients PIV infection can lead to loss of lung function and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. A prospective study compared 50 lung transplant recipients with respiratory virus infection with 50 uninfected recipients and demonstrated that those with a respiratory virus infection had a greater risk of acute rejection, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and death keywords: agents; aspergillus; cause; common; control; diagnosis; disease; infection; lung; lung transplant; organ; patients; post; recipients; risk; setting; species; transplant; transplant recipients; transplantation; treatment cache: cord-017021-n6rpuvwd.txt plain text: cord-017021-n6rpuvwd.txt item: #92 of 647 id: cord-017030-tzuyo6tx author: Henao-Martínez, Andrés F. title: Infections in Heart, Lung, and Heart-Lung Transplantation date: 2018-12-08 words: 11550 flesch: 29 summary: Although relatively rare in heart transplant recipients (frequency <1%), Nocardia is only second in frequency in heart transplant after lung transplant recipients Trypanosoma cruzi infection reactivation manifested by encephalitis in a Chagas heart transplant recipient Central nervous system infections in heart transplant recipients Listeria meningitis in transplant recipients Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in transplant recipients Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a heart transplant recipient following rituximab therapy for antibody-mediated rejection Clinical spectrum of gram-positive infections in lung transplantation Frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonizations/infections in lung transplant recipients Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection among lung transplant recipients: a 15-year cohort study Nocardia infection in lung transplant recipients Challenges in the diagnosis and management of Nocardia infections in lung transplant recipients Fungal infections after lung transplantation Significance of blood stream infection after lung transplantation: analysis in 176 consecutive patients Aspergillus infections after lung transplantation: clinical differences in type of transplant and implications for management The incidence of invasive aspergillosis among solid organ transplant recipients and implications for prophylaxis in lung transplants Risk factors and outcomes in lung transplant recipients with nodular invasive pulmonary aspergillosis Immune reconstitution syndrome-like entity in lung transplant recipients with invasive aspergillosis Anastomotic infections in lung transplant recipients Treatment of aspergillosis: clinical practice guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Cellulitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans in a lung transplant recipient An immune reconstitution syndrome-like illness associated with Cryptococcus neoformans infection in organ transplant recipients Cytomegalovirus in transplantation -challenging the status quo Cytomegalovirus and lung transplantation A polymorphism linked to elevated levels of interferon-gamma is associated with an increased risk of cytomegalovirus disease among Caucasian lung transplant recipients at a single center Cytomegalovirus replication within the lung allograft is associated with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections among lung transplant recipients are associated with poor outcomes despite treatment with foscarnet-containing regimens Community-acquired respiratory viral infections in lung transplant recipients Incidence and outcomes of respiratory viral infections in lung transplant recipients: a prospective study Viral infections in lung transplant recipients Antiviral agents for the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of influenza -recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) keywords: aspergillus; cmv; disease; factors; heart; heart transplant; heart transplantation; infections; lung; lung transplant; lung transplantation; mortality; organ; patients; pneumonia; prophylaxis; recipients; risk; transplant; transplant recipients; transplantation; virus; year cache: cord-017030-tzuyo6tx.txt plain text: cord-017030-tzuyo6tx.txt item: #93 of 647 id: cord-017040-4zajnrsf author: Rihana, Nancy title: Skin Infections date: 2019-08-11 words: 6489 flesch: 34 summary: These environmental pathogens may cause skin infections that usually occur following trauma or surgical procedures and injections, which is usually not present in immunocompromised patients. There are two main types of cutaneous infections : primary cutaneous infections and cutaneous manifestations of a disseminated infection. keywords: cases; cause; cellulitis; diagnosis; fungal; infection; lesions; manifestations; neutropenic; nodules; patients; review; skin; treatment cache: cord-017040-4zajnrsf.txt plain text: cord-017040-4zajnrsf.txt item: #94 of 647 id: cord-017140-k4lzwfge author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: Protection of Upper Respiratory Tract, Mouth and Eyes date: 2018-09-25 words: 6164 flesch: 57 summary: The market may soon be empty for respiratory protection masks during serious outbreaks such as SARS and Ebola virus. Using surgical face masks can reduce infection and also had some suppressing effect on the spread of infection by SARS [10] . keywords: air; equipment; face; hygiene; infection; influenza; mask; patient; protection; transmission; use; virus cache: cord-017140-k4lzwfge.txt plain text: cord-017140-k4lzwfge.txt item: #95 of 647 id: cord-017184-1ewi3dka author: None title: Primary Immunodeficiencies date: 2008 words: 44590 flesch: 43 summary: Therefore defects in BM prethymic T cell development can contribute to T cell deficiency in nu/nu mice [90] . T-cell proliferative responses to mitogens were defective and IL 2 R expression was deficient on his T lymphocytes, and B cells did not differentiate into antibodysecreting cells when provided with the help of normal T cells [245] . keywords: absence; age; b cells; bmt; bone; cases; cd8; cells; children; chromosome; chronic; class; clinical; combined; common; defect; deficiencies; deficiency; development; diagnosis; disease; expression; fig; function; gene; hla; ifn; iga; ige; igg; igm; immunodeficiency; infections; levels; life; lymphocyte; marrow; months; mutations; normal; patients; pid; present; primary; production; protein; recurrent; rris; scid; serum; severe; study; symptoms; syndrome; t cells; table; transplantation; treatment; years cache: cord-017184-1ewi3dka.txt plain text: cord-017184-1ewi3dka.txt item: #96 of 647 id: cord-017252-88b3preq author: Morgan, Carrie I. title: Pneumonia date: 2014-02-20 words: 6427 flesch: 26 summary: This chapter will focus on pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), immunocompromised pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia. This chapter will focus on pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), immunocompromised pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia. keywords: aspiration; chest; children; community; empyema; infections; infl; patients; pleural; pneumonia; pulmonary; therapy; tract cache: cord-017252-88b3preq.txt plain text: cord-017252-88b3preq.txt item: #97 of 647 id: cord-017331-ru7mvfc0 author: Samanta, Indranil title: Infectious Diseases date: 2017-02-25 words: 37743 flesch: 42 summary: Among different species under the genus Mycoplasma, M. gallisepticum, M. iowae, and M. sturni are associated with pet bird infection. Among the members of family Reoviridae, Orbivirus mostly causes pet bird infection. keywords: acid; amazon; avian; avium; birds; blood; blue; body; borrelia; budgerigars; burgdorferi; cases; cells; chlamydia; crop; days; death; detection; disease; faeces; family; feather; fig; finches; form; growth; host; human; infected; infection; influenza; intestine; isolation; lesions; liver; major; mycobacterium; non; oocysts; oral; organs; parakeets; parrots; passerine birds; pcr; period; pet; pigeons; presence; protein; psittacine; psittacine birds; red; salmonella; samples; signs; species; specific; spleen; spp; symptoms; ticks; tissue; transmission; treatment; tuberculosis; virus; virus infection; water; weight; wild; wnv cache: cord-017331-ru7mvfc0.txt plain text: cord-017331-ru7mvfc0.txt item: #98 of 647 id: cord-017364-d9zmdm23 author: Crowe, James E. title: Paramyxoviruses: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus date: 2014-02-27 words: 18355 flesch: 27 summary: A prospective, longitudinal study in young children Respiratory syncytial virus infections within families Respiratory syncytial virus infections in previously healthy working adults Antigenic and genetic diversity among the attachment proteins of group A respiratory syncytial viruses that have caused repeat infections in children Pattern of respiratory syncytial virus epidemics in Finland: two-year cycles with alternating prevalence of groups A and B Subgroup characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus strains recovered from children with two consecutive infections An antigenic analysis of respiratory syncytial virus isolates by a plaque reduction neutralization test Antigenic characterization of respiratory syncytial virus strains with monoclonal antibodies Strain-specifi c serum antibody responses in infants undergoing primary infection with respiratory syncytial virus The G glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial viruses of subgroups A and B: extensive sequence divergence between antigenically related proteins Clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus group A and B infection in Sydney, Australia Occurrence of groups A and B of respiratory syncytial virus over 15 years: associated epidemiologic and clinical characteristics in hospitalized and ambulatory children Severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection is related to virus strain Variation in severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections with subtype Distribution and clinical impact of human respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in hospitalized children over 2 winter seasons RSV infection-not for kids only Impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on surgery for congenital heart disease: postoperative course and outcome Variable morbidity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with underlying lung disease: a review of the PICNIC RSV database. Routine isolation procedure vs routine procedure supplemented by use of masks and goggles The use of eye-nose goggles to control nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection Rapid identifi cation of respiratory viruses: impact on isolation practices and transmission among immunocompromised pediatric patients Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: prevention and control in bone marrow transplant patients Respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants: quantitation and duration of shedding Quantitative shedding patterns of respiratory syncytial virus in infants Environmental and demographic risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease Casecontrol study of the risk factors linked to respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring hospitalization in premature infants born at a gestational age of 33-35 weeks in Spain The Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada study of predictors of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection for infants born at 33 through 35 completed weeks of gestation Respiratory syncytial virus in infants and children Differential gender response to respiratory infections and to the protective effect of breast milk in preterm infants Risk factors for respiratory syncytial virusassociated lower respiratory illnesses in the fi rst year of life Epidemiologic patterns of acute lower respiratory disease of children in a pediatric group practice Epidemiology of acute lower respiratory disease in children Clinically useful method for the isolation of respiratory syncytial virus Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among American Indian and Alaska Native children Modes of transmission of respiratory syncytial virus Possible transmission by fomites of respiratory syncytial virus Infectivity of respiratory syncytial virus by various routes of inoculation An outbreak of febrile illness and pneumonia associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus load predicts disease severity in previously healthy infants Illness severity, viral shedding, and antibody responses in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus Latency and persistence of respiratory syncytial virus despite T cell immunity Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human mononuclear leukocytes in vitro and in vivo Respiratory syncytial virus RNA in cells from the peripheral blood during acute infection Speculation on pathogenesis in death from respiratory syncytial virus infection Demonstration of respiratory syncytial virus in an autopsy series Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human airway epithelial cells is polarized, specifi c to ciliated cells, and without obvious cytopathology Pathological changes in virus infections of the lower respiratory tract in children Age as a factor in the distribution of lower-airway conductance and in the pathologic anatomy of obstructive lung disease Seasonality of invasive pneumococcal disease: temporal relation to documented infl uenza and respiratory syncytial viral circulation Vaccine keywords: acute; adults; antibodies; cells; children; detection; disease; human; infants; infection; infl; metapneumovirus; metapneumovirus infection; mpv; patients; protein; respiratory; risk; rsv; studies; study; syncytial; tract; vaccine; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; years cache: cord-017364-d9zmdm23.txt plain text: cord-017364-d9zmdm23.txt item: #99 of 647 id: cord-017393-kx8kmdej author: Herbers, Alexandra title: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Febrile Neutropenia date: 2009-08-31 words: 13297 flesch: 27 summary: A review of 55 cases Cytosine arabinoside as a major risk factor for Streptococcus viridans septicemia following bone marrow transplantation: a 5-year prospective study Bacteremia due to viridans streptococci in neutropenic patients: a review Mucosal barrier injury: biology, pathology, clinical counterparts and consequences of intensive treatment for haematological malignancy: an overview Clostridium septicum sepsis and neutropenic enterocolitis in a patient treated with intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia Clostridium septicum septicemia with identical metastatic myonecroses in a granulocytopenic patient Incidence and significance of Clostridium difficile in hospitalized cancer patients Clostridium difficile in haematological malignancy Epidemiology and prevention of Clostridium difficile infection in a leukemia unit The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile with use of a typing scheme: nosocomial acquisition and cross-infection among immunocompromised patients Clostridium difficile infection in patients with neutropenia Toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system Hyperinfection syndrome with strongyloidiasis New b-lactams: new problems for the internist Bacteremia due to Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia: a prospective multicenter study of 91 episodes Opportunistic mycoses in the immunocompromised host: experience at a cancer center and review Cutaneous lesions in disseminated candidiasis mimicking ecthyma gangrenosum Pseudomonas bacteremia: retrospective analysis of 410 episodes Intradermal bullous dermatitis due candidiasis in an immunocompromised patient Atypical bullous pyoderma gangrenosum associated with myeloid malignancies Sweet's syndrome and malignancy Concomitant illness in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease Disseminated varicella at autopsy in children with cancer Varicella zoster virus infections: biology, natural history, treatment and prevention Ultrasound screening for internal jugular vein thrombosis aids the detection of central venous catheter-related infections in patients with haemato-oncological diseases: a prospective observational study Periodontal infections in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: prevalence of acute exacerbations Oral infections and fever in immunocompromised patients with haematologic malignancies Anaerobic bacteremia in a cancer center Infections with herpes simplex viruses Respiratory disease in the immunosuppressed patient Potential sites of infection that develop in febrile neutropenic patients Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in cancer patients Successful intermittent chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in hospitalized adult patients with leukemia Community respiratory virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients Pseudomonas septicemia: incidence, epidemiology, prevention and therapy in patients with advanced cancer Epidemiology and outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia, with special emphasis in the influence of antibiotic treatment. A European Organization for Research and treatment of Cancer-International Antimicrobial Therapy Group Study of secondary infections in febrile, neutropenic patients with cancer Empiric antibiotic and antifungal therapy for cancer patients with prolonged fever and granulocytopenia Empiric antifungal therapy in febrile neutropenic patients International conference for the development of a consensus on the management and prevention of severe candidal infections Micafungin Invasive Candidiasis Working Group et al (2007) Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: a randomised non-inferiority trial Echinocandins -first-choice or first-line therapy for invasive candidiasis? Detection of circulating candida enolase by immunoassay in patients with cancer and invasive candidiasis Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay compared with Pastorex latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients Fungal infections in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants: results of the SEIFEM B-2004 study -Sorveglianza Epidemiologica Infezioni Fungine nelle Empatie Maligne Clinical evaluation and reproducibility of the Pastorex Aspergillus antigen latex agglutination test for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis Galactomannan and computed tomography-based preemptive antifungal therapy in neutropenic patients at risk of invasive fungal infection: a prospective feasibility study Between over-and undertreatment of invasive fungal disease Presumptive treatment strategy for aspergillosis in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Imaging findings in acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical significance of the halo sign Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute leukemia: characteristics findings on CT, the CT halo sign, and the role of CT in early diagnosis Improved management of invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis in neutropenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan and surgery Epidemiology and outcome of mould infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Zygomycosis in a tertiarycare cancer center in the era of Aspergillus-active antifungal therapy: a casecontrol observational study of 27 recent cases Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia AmBiLoad keywords: acute; agents; antibiotic; antifungal; cancer; cases; fever; gram; infection; leukemia; negative; neutropenic; patients; pulmonary; regimen; results; risk; therapy; treatment; use cache: cord-017393-kx8kmdej.txt plain text: cord-017393-kx8kmdej.txt item: #100 of 647 id: cord-017420-tjwxec77 author: Stephens, R. Scott title: Neutropenic Fever in the Intensive Care Unit date: 2019-07-09 words: 5866 flesch: 29 summary: Bacteremia is documented in up to 25% of neutropenic fever patients [28] . The signs, symptoms and helpseeking experiences of neutropenic sepsis patients before they reach hospital: a qualitative study Risk Stratification of Sepsis, C. Thrombocytopenia is associated with a dysregulated host response in critically ill sepsis patients Bronchoalveolar lavage during neutropenic episodes: diagnostic yield and cellular pattern Role of circulating lymphocytes in patients with sepsis Thrombocytopenia impairs host defense in gramnegative pneumonia-derived sepsis in mice Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation Blood platelets and sepsis pathophysiology: a new therapeutic prospect in critical ill patients? keywords: acute; antibiotic; failure; fever; infections; mortality; neutropenic; patients; risk; sepsis; therapy; use cache: cord-017420-tjwxec77.txt plain text: cord-017420-tjwxec77.txt item: #101 of 647 id: cord-017461-xw02c7u5 author: Kauffman, Carol A. title: Fungal Infections date: 2009-02-02 words: 5448 flesch: 35 summary: Factors that predispose older patients to the development of oropharyngeal candidiasis include xerostomia, broad-spectrum antibiotics, inhaled corticosteroids, and dentures (1) . In older patients who have cryptococcal meningitis, mortality appears to be increased (7) . keywords: adults; aspergillosis; candida; coccidioidomycosis; histoplasmosis; infection; patients; pulmonary; risk; species; therapy cache: cord-017461-xw02c7u5.txt plain text: cord-017461-xw02c7u5.txt item: #102 of 647 id: cord-017503-g2n4d0wi author: Manson, David title: Diagnostic Imaging of Neonatal Pneumonia date: 2010-05-18 words: 6301 flesch: 34 summary: The chest radiograph, in this situation, can become useful to localise the problem to a pulmonary aetiology, even if the radiographic changes are not sufficiently specifi fi c to diagnose pulmonary infection fi as the cause of the infant's symptoms. In one of the few studies looking specifically at radiological patterns in neonatal fi pneumonia, Haney et al. (1984) reviewed autopsy records of all neonates who died over a 6-year period and in whom an autopsy documented pathological changes of pneumonia as the only significant ab-fi normality. keywords: disease; et al; infants; infection; neonatal; pattern; pneumonia; radiographic cache: cord-017503-g2n4d0wi.txt plain text: cord-017503-g2n4d0wi.txt item: #103 of 647 id: cord-017518-u2gsa4lg author: Divatia, J. V. title: Nosocomial Infections and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Cancer Patients date: 2019-07-09 words: 8769 flesch: 28 summary: The impact of hospitalacquired infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria in an oncology intensive care unit Hospital-acquired infections at an oncological intensive care cancer unit: differences between solid and hematological cancer patients Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) -early and late-onset differences Evaluation of the 2016 Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society guideline criteria for risk of multidrug-resistant pathogens in patients with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the ICU Benchmarking local healthcare-associated infections: available benchmarks and interpretation challenges CDC definitions for nosocomial infections The epidemiology of nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia in the United States Microbial profile of early and late onset ventilator associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore, India Colistin for lung infection: an update Management of nosocomial pneumonia on a medical ward: a comparative study of outcomes and costs of invasive procedures Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults: 2009 international clinical practice guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America Ventilator associated pneumonia Respective impact of implementation of prevention strategies, colonization with multiresistant bacteria and antimicrobial use on the risk of early-and late-onset VAP: an analysis of the OUTCOMEREA network Institute for healthcare improvement: how-to guide: prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia Institute for Healthcare Improvement: Evidence-Based Care Bundles n.d Institute For Healthcare Improvement, I. Institute for healthcare improvement: how-to guide: prevent ventilator-Associated pneumonia Defining antibiotic dosing in lung infections Trends in antibiotic use and nosocomial pathogens in hospitalized veterans with pneumonia at 128 medical centers Empirical antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia Ventilator-associated pneumonia in the ICU Management of Adults with hospitalacquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society Nosocomial infections and their control strategies Nosocomial infections: epidemiology, prevention, control and surveillance Severe sepsis bundles Prevalence of and risk factors for hospital-acquired infections in Slovenia-results of the first national survey The prevalence of and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in Slovenia: results of the second national survey. Nosocomial infections or hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as those infections that were not present in carrier state or incubating state at the time of admission and manifest 48 h after hospital admission [24] . keywords: antibiotic; care; clinical; control; days; guidelines; hospital; infections; patients; pneumonia; rates; risk; tract; treatment; use; vap; ventilator cache: cord-017518-u2gsa4lg.txt plain text: cord-017518-u2gsa4lg.txt item: #104 of 647 id: cord-017531-fm8gl5b3 author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: Scenarios: Serious, Infectious Diseases date: 2018-09-25 words: 3606 flesch: 49 summary: lessons learned from the 2004 tsunami for hospital infection control In: Handbook in hygiene and infection control for hospitals. All transport of infectious patients from the place of arrival to the hospital should take place in ambulances using the same infection control regime as for the individual infectious disease (contact infection, airborne infection, strict isolation); see isolation regimes; Chaps. keywords: bacteria; contacts; control; disease; hospital; infection; isolation; patient; use cache: cord-017531-fm8gl5b3.txt plain text: cord-017531-fm8gl5b3.txt item: #105 of 647 id: cord-017534-0ai8chbu author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: Background Information: Isolation Routines date: 2018-09-25 words: 9642 flesch: 49 summary: Cleaning and disinfection of rooms, surfaces and equipment between infection susceptible patients must be extra careful since many-at the same time-have serious infections, including resistant bacteria. The invisible agent does not call on attention before the infection; clinical disease, hospital infection or nosocomial infection is a factum that can be registered [23, 28, 29, 35–37]. keywords: air; category; contact; control; disinfection; equipment; healthcare; hospital; infection; isolates; isolation; norway; outbreak; patients; risk; room; spread; transmission cache: cord-017534-0ai8chbu.txt plain text: cord-017534-0ai8chbu.txt item: #106 of 647 id: cord-017537-ztdz4a2s author: Bologna, Mauro title: Biological Agents and Bioterrorism date: 2014-09-18 words: 3325 flesch: 47 summary: On this widely interesting theme for the world diffusion of new virus strains with pandemic potential, I wrote in 2010 together with the colleague virologist Aldo Lepidi a book entitled Pandemics -virology, pathology and prevention of infl uenza (Bollati Boringhieri publisher, Turin, Italy , 2010) [ 10 ] . Spores germinate and multiply in favourable conditions (wet skin, tissue, blood) and can give human disease by contact (papules, black eschars, contagious also via fomites) ingestion (raw meat > fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), and inhalation (fl u-like illness, respiratory distress, cyanosis, shock, coma). keywords: disease; host; human; infection; smallpox; species; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-017537-ztdz4a2s.txt plain text: cord-017537-ztdz4a2s.txt item: #107 of 647 id: cord-017575-msc99cit author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: Dangerous Microbes date: 2018-09-25 words: 2241 flesch: 48 summary: Infection control must always be based on hygienic measures and strict infection protection. Infection control must be based on hygienic measures and proper infection protection keywords: animals; control; disease; hospitals; hygiene; infection cache: cord-017575-msc99cit.txt plain text: cord-017575-msc99cit.txt item: #108 of 647 id: cord-017583-72mbsib7 author: Devarajan, Padma V. title: Infectious Diseases: Need for Targeted Drug Delivery date: 2014-09-01 words: 8881 flesch: 22 summary: The chapter thus provides an overview on important aspects of infectious diseases and the challenges therein, while stressing on the promise of targeted drug delivery in augmenting therapy of infectious diseases. of the microorganism. Targeted drug delivery for the therapy of veterinary infections assumes immense importance not only for improved animal health but due to the challenges posed by zoonotic diseases. keywords: cells; delivery; diseases; drug; endocytosis; infections; infl; intracellular; lipid; liposomes; macrophages; mechanisms; membrane; mycobacterium; nanocarriers; nanoparticles; phagocytosis; receptors; resistance; role; specifi; surface; targeting; treatment; tuberculosis; uptake cache: cord-017583-72mbsib7.txt plain text: cord-017583-72mbsib7.txt item: #109 of 647 id: cord-017622-aqhyt7jg author: Robertson, Lucy J. title: Cryptosporidiosis in Farmed Animals date: 2013-08-17 words: 22814 flesch: 41 summary: Cryptosporidium parvum infection has since been associated with diarrhoea in studies using molecular methods (Caccio et al. 2013; Alpacas and llamas In New York, Cryptosporidium parvum infection was identified in 5 crias, 3 of their caretakers were confirmed to have cryptosporidiosis, and three others were suspected to have cryptosporidiosis, suggesting zoonotic transmission (Starkey et al. 2007 ). keywords: age; animals; baileyi; birds; c. parvum; calves; cattle; chickens; cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; cryptosporidium infection; cryptosporidium parvum; cryptosporidium species; dairy; days; deer; diarrhoea; et al; farmed; genotype; giardia; human; infection; meleagridis; molecular; oocysts; pigs; prevalence; risk; samples; sheep; species; spp; studies; study; transmission; water; zoonotic cache: cord-017622-aqhyt7jg.txt plain text: cord-017622-aqhyt7jg.txt item: #110 of 647 id: cord-017815-0t7jvvz5 author: Andersen, Bjørg Marit title: General Information date: 2018-09-25 words: 3819 flesch: 55 summary: Airborne infection isolation units: at least 10% of the bed capacity for adults and 10-15% of children in hospitals should be isolates well equipped with negative pressure, separate ventilation and private bath/disinfection room with decontaminator. 21. Handbook of hygiene and infection control in hospitals. keywords: contact; control; infection; isolates; isolation; patient; room; use cache: cord-017815-0t7jvvz5.txt plain text: cord-017815-0t7jvvz5.txt item: #111 of 647 id: cord-017831-anadq4j9 author: Lai, Yi-Horng title: Network Analysis of Comorbidities: Case Study of HIV/AIDS in Taiwan date: 2015-07-30 words: 3199 flesch: 36 summary: There are no clear boundaries between many diseases, as diseases can have multiple causes and can be related in several dimensions. This study indicates the directionality of disease progression, as observed in our dataset, and finds out that more central disease in the PDN are more likely to occur after other diseases and that more peripheral diseases tend to precede other illnesses. keywords: correlation; diseases; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; infection; study; virus cache: cord-017831-anadq4j9.txt plain text: cord-017831-anadq4j9.txt item: #112 of 647 id: cord-017862-9fkjjmvf author: Smith, Roger P. title: Respiratory Disorders date: 2007 words: 6048 flesch: 48 summary: Future directions for research on diseases of the lung Echinacea for upper respiratory infection Cost burden of viral respiratory infections: issues for formulary decision makers Towards excellence in asthma management (TEAM): a population diseasemanagement model Forecasted state-specifi c estimates of self-reported asthma prevalence-1998 Management of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold Anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled glucocorticoids in patients with asthma: systematic review of current evidence Rhinovirus respiratory infections and asthma Evaluation of echinacea for treatment of the common cold Respiratory viral infections in adults A randomized controlled trial of the effect of fl uid extract of Echinacea purpurea on the incidence and severity of colds and respiratory infections Clinical signifi cance and pathogenesis of viral respiratory infections Viral respiratory infection therapy: historical perspectives and current trials Effi cacy and safety of a fi xed combination phytomedicine in the treatment of the common cold (acute viral respiratory tract infection): results of a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, multicentre study The diagnosis and treatment of cough Antivirals for the common cold Gastroesophageal refl ux disease-state of the art Pharmacologic management of common lower respiratory tract disorders in women The effi cacy of Echinacea compound herbal tea preparation on the severity and duration of upper respiratory and fl u symptoms: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study H1-antihistamines in asthma Zinc for the common cold Beat the winter bugs. Healthy people with normal immune systems are highly susceptible to cold virus infection once the virus enters the nose. keywords: asthma; cases; cold; cough; days; diagnosis; fever; infections; infl; patients; pneumonia; respiratory; symptoms; treatment cache: cord-017862-9fkjjmvf.txt plain text: cord-017862-9fkjjmvf.txt item: #113 of 647 id: cord-017867-8cn4c6cu author: Collántes-Fernández, Esther title: Trichomonas date: 2017-11-08 words: 24073 flesch: 40 summary: Correlation with time of exposure and with subsequent estrual cycles Construction and bootstrap analysis of DNA fingerprinting-based phylogenetic trees with the freeware program FreeTree: application to trichomonad parasites Trichomonas gallinae in columbiform birds from the Galapagos Islands Trichomoniasis of turkeys Identification of trichomonadid protozoa from the bovine preputial cavity by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism typing A reduction in the duration of infection with Tritrichomonas foetus following vaccination in heifers and the failure to demonstrate a curative effect in infected bulls The morphology and incidence of the trichomonads of swine Detection of bovine trichomoniasis with a specific DNA probe and PCR amplification system Characterization of Tritrichomonas foetus antigens by use of monoclonal antibodies Trichomoniasis in Bonelli's eagle nestlings in south-west Portugal Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cats with diarrhoea in a rescue colony in Italy Diagnostic PCR: validation and sample preparation are two sides of the same coin Isolation of Tritrichomonas foetus from cats sampled at a cat clinic, cat shows and a humane society in southern Ontario Detection and identification of Tetratrichomonas in a preputial wash from a bull by PCR and SSCP Development and testing of a bovine trichomoniasis vaccine Bovine vaginal antibody responses to immunoaffinitypurified surface antigen of Tritrichomonas foetus Risk factors associated with bovine trichomoniasis in beef cattle identified by a questionnaire Pentatrichomonas hominis in empyema thoracis The intradermal test in bovine trichomoniasis Bovine trichomoniasis-diagnosis and treatment Comparison of diagnostic methods for detection of active infection with Tritrichomonas foetus in beef heifers Molecular phylogeny of Trichomonadidae family inferred from ITS-1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS-2 sequences Production of ammonia by Tritrichomonas foetus and Trichomonas vaginalis Molecular phylogeny of diplomonads and enteromonads based on SSU rRNA, alpha-tubulin and HSP90 genes: implications for the evolutionary history of the double karyomastigont of diplomonads Prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in northern goshawks from the Berlin area of northeastern Germany Tritrichomonas foetus infection in purebred cats in Germany: prevalence of clinical signs and the role of co-infection with other enteroparasites Investigations of the incidence of bovine trichomoniasis in Nevada and of the efficacy of immunizing cattle with vaccines containing Tritrichomonas foetus Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of inoculating cattle with a vaccine containing Tritrichomonas foetus Evidence of spread of the emerging infectious disease, finch trichomonosis, by migrating birds A pathogenic trichomonas from the upper digestive tract of chickens Tritrichomonas foetus and not Pentatrichomonas hominis is the etiologic agent of feline trichomonal diarrhea In-situ hybridization for the detection and identification of Histomonas meleagridis in tissues Use of uracil DNA glycosylase to control carry-over contamination in polymerase chain reactions A simple and rapid method for staining Tritrichomonas foetus and Trichomonas vaginalis Comparison of growth rates of Tritrichomonas foetus isolates from various geographic regions using three different culture media Are Tritrichomonas foetus and Tritrichomonas suis synonyms? Prevalence of Campylobacter foetus and Trichomonas foetus among cattle from Southern Africa Persistence of Tritrichomonas foetus in naturally infected cows and heifers in Argentina Update on the diagnosis and management of Tritrichomonas foetus infections in cats Risk factors associated with Tritrichomonas foetus infection in beef herds in the Province of Prevalence of bovine venereal disease in the Victoria River District of the Northern Territory: likely economic effects and practicable control measures Improved detection of Tritrichomonas foetus in bovine diagnostic specimens using a novel probe-based real time PCR assay Fine structure of the bird parasites Trichomonas gallinae and Tetratrichomonas gallinarum from cultures High prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in Asturiana de la Montana beef cattle kept in extensive conditions in northern Spain Differences in the prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in beef cattle farmed under extensive conditions in northern Spain A review of sexually transmitted bovine trichomoniasis and campylobacteriosis affecting cattle reproductive health Spatial and temporal epidemiology of bovine trichomoniasis and bovine genital campylobacteriosis in La Pampa province (Argentina) Comparative transcriptomics reveals striking similarities between the bovine and feline isolates of Tritrichomonas foetus: consequences for in silico drug-target identification Host origin determines pH tolerance of Tritrichomonas foetus isolates from the feline gastrointestinal and bovine urogenital tracts Comparative RNA-seq analysis of the Tritrichomonas foetus PIG30/1 isolate from pigs reveals close association with Tritrichomonas foetus BP-4 isolate 'bovine genotype Investigations on the prevalence and potential pathogenicity of intestinal trichomonads in pigs using in situ hybridization Detection of Tritrichomonas foetus and Pentatrichomonas hominis in intestinal tissue specimens of cats by chromogenic in situ hybridization High prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus 'bovine genotype' in faecal samples from domestic pigs at a farm where bovine trichomonosis has not been reported for over 30 years Evaluation of a PCR test for the diagnosis of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in bulls: effects of sample collection method, storage and transport medium on the test In vivo and in vitro sensitivity of Trichomonas gallinae to some nitroimidazole drugs Field and laboratory observations on trichomoniasis of dairy cattle in Victoria Pathologic changes in pigeons infected with a virulent Trichomonas gallinae strain (Eiberg) First report of epizootic trichomoniasis in wild finches (family Fringillidae) in southern Fennoscandia Tritrichomonas foetus prevention and control in cattle Obtención de muestras prepuciales para el diagnóstico de Tritrichomonas foetus porraspado de mucosas The prevalence of intestinal protozoa in wild and domestic pigs Enteropathogen co-infection in UK cats with diarrhoea Comparison of two sampling tools for diagnosis of Tritrichomonas foetus in bulls and clinical interpretation of culture results Application of a PCR assay to enhance the detection and identification of Tritrichomonas foetus in cultured preputial samples Comparison of the diagnostic sensitivity of a commercially available culture kit and a diagnostic culture test using Diamond's media for diagnosing Tritrichomonas foetus in bulls Sample collection factors affect the sensitivity of the diagnostic test for Tritrichomonas foetus in bulls The pathogenesis of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in the bull Early pathogenesis and pathology of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in virgin heifers Tritrichomonas foetus: budding from multinucleated pseudocysts Prevalence and risk-factors for Trichomonas-fetus infection in cattle in northeastern Costa-Rica Bayesian estimation of Tritrichomonas foetus diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity in range beef bulls Clinical and microbiological aspects of Trichomonas vaginalis The demonstration of an agglutinin to Trichomonas foetus in the vaginal discharge of infected heifers The mucus agglutination test for the diagnosis of bovine trichomoniasis Prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infections in French catteries Prevalence of selected bacterial and parasitic agents in feces from diarrheic and healthy control cats from northern California Impact of trichomoniasis on the cow-calf producer's profitability Tritrichomonas foetus Prevalence of Tritrichomonas fetus in a bull population and effect on production in a large cow-calf enterprise Epidemiology of Tritrichomonas foetus in beef bull populations in Florida Some observations on cultural and transport conditions for Tritrichomonas foetus var. keywords: amin et; birds; bondurant; bondurant et; bovine; bulls; cats; cattle; cows; culture; detection; diagnostic; disease; et al; feline; foetus; foetus infection; gallinae; gookin et; herds; infection; medium; number; parasite; pcr; positive; risk; samples; sensitivity; skirrow; studies; t. foetus; test; transmission; trichomonads; trichomonosis; tritrichomonas; tritrichomonas foetus cache: cord-017867-8cn4c6cu.txt plain text: cord-017867-8cn4c6cu.txt item: #114 of 647 id: cord-017959-g0nf1iwm author: Lipkin, W. Ian title: Diagnosis, Discovery and Dissection of Viral Diseases date: 2014-02-27 words: 5018 flesch: 27 summary: The pause on Avian H5N1 infl uenza virus transmission research should be ended The changing face of pathogen discovery and surveillance Rethinking biosafety in research on potential pandemic pathogens Diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis with PCR Evaluation of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG enzyme immunoassays in serologic diagnosis of West Nile Virus infection NS1 protein secretion during the acute phase of West Nile virus infection Asymptomatic circulation of HEV71 in Norway Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA Loop-mediated isothermal amplifi cation method for detection of human papillomavirus type 6, 11, 16, and 18 Diagnosis of human respiratory syncytial virus infection using reverse transcription loopmediated isothermal amplifi cation Loop-mediated isothermal amplifi cation for infl uenza A (H5N1) virus. In current array platforms, virus detection is achieved via fl uorescent reporter systems-either through direct incorporation of fl uorescent nucleotides into the PCR product that is bound to the array or with a sandwich approach whereby fl uorescent-branched chains of DNA are added to the product after it is bound to the array [ 75 , 76 ] . keywords: assays; cation; detection; diagnosis; disease; human; infection; infl; pathogens; pcr; rhinovirus; uenza; virus; viruses cache: cord-017959-g0nf1iwm.txt plain text: cord-017959-g0nf1iwm.txt item: #115 of 647 id: cord-018017-c8myq6bi author: Iversen, Patrick L. title: The Threat from Viruses date: 2018-09-30 words: 11576 flesch: 47 summary: Antisense oligonucleotide-based therapy for HIV-1 infection from laboratory to clinical trials Oligodeoxynucleotide phosphoramidates and phosphorothioates as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus A tribute to Sheik Humarr Khan and all the healthcare workers in West Africa who have sacrificed in the fight against Ebola virus disease: mae we hush Inhibition of Norovirus replication by Morpholino oligomers targeting the 5'-end of the genome Marine viruses: truth or dare Cancer virus Oseltamivir-resistant 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in two summer campers receiving prophylaxis-North Carolina Approved antiviral drugs of the past 50 years The Eradicatio of smallpox: Edward Jenner and the first and only eradication of a human infectious disease Oseltamivir resistance during treatment of influenza A (H5N1) infection In vitro resistance and in vivo efficacy of antisense oligomer against West Nile virus Outbreak of antiviral drug-resistant influenza A in long-term care facility The perpetual challenge of infectious disease Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma Morpholino oligomers targeting the PB1 and NP genes enhance survival of mice infected with highly pathogenic influenza A H7N7 virus Inhibition of multiple subtypes of influenza a virus in cell cultures with morpholino oligomers Safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers with activity against Ebola virus and Marburg virus: results of two single ascending dose studies Cytomegalovirus infection and atherosclerosis in candidate of coronary artery bypass graft Inhibition of dengue virus translation and RNA synthesis by a morpholino oligomer targeted to the terminal 3′ stem-loop structure Pharmacokinetics of an antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide against rev from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the adult male rat following single injections and continuous infusion Phase 2a study of the CCR5 monoclonal antibody PRO 140 administered intravenously to HIV-infected adults Anti-HIV-1 activity of weekly or biweekly treatment with subcutaneous PRO 140, a CCR5 monoclonal antibody Oseltamivir for influenza in adults and children: systemic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments Passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases Viral diversity and clonal evolution from unphased genomic data Ecology of viruses in soils: past, present and future perspectives Inhibition of dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 in cell culture with Morpholino oligomers Inhibition of respiratory Syncitial virus infections in cell cultures and in mice with morpholino oligomers Dissemination, divergence and establishment of H7N9 influenza viruses in China Health impact of globalization: towards global governance Inhibition of influenza A H3N8 virus infections in mice by morpholino oligomers Isolation and characterization of a new Vesivirus from rabbits Phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxyribonucleotides: inhibitors of replication and cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus Endogenous retroviruses: with us and against us The value of neuraminidase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza: a systematic review of systematic reviews Antisense morpholino oligomers directed against the 5'-end of the genome inhibit coronavirus proliferation and growth Inhibition, escape and attenuation of SARS coronavirus treated with antisense morpholino oligomers Inactivating mutations in an SH2 domain-encoding gene in X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome Inhibition of alphavirus infection in cell culture and in mice with antisense morpholino oliogmers Immunological disorders and malignancies in five young brothers Spillover animal infections and the next human pandemic Deposition rates of viruses and bacteria above the atmospheric boundary layer A prospective monitoring study of cytomegalovirus infection in nonimmunosuppressed critical heart surgery patients Inhibition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus by oligonucleotide methylphosphonates Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus infection in FVB mouse produces hemorrhagic disease Ancient Athenian plague proves to be typhoid Inhibition of Measles virus infection in cell cultures by peptide-conjugated Morpholino oligomers Vesivirus viremia and Seroprevalence in humans Virus specific antiviral therapy for controlling severe and fatal outbreaks of feline Calicivirus infection Chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine generates acute and durable protective immunity against ebolavirus challenge Inhibition of Vesivirus infetions in mammalian tissue culture with antisense morpholino oligomers Inhibition of Rous sarcoma viral RNA translation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibition of multiple species of picornavirus using a morpholino oligomer targeting highly conserved IRES sequence Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in male hepatiis B surface antigen carriers with chronic hepatitis who have detectable aflatoxin metabolite M1 Viruses in the sea Chemical modifications to phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomer antisense molecules targeting VP24 modify their efficacy against Ebola virus infection Use of ChAd3-EBO-Z Ebola virus vaccine in Malian adults with MVA-BN-Filo: a phase I, single-blind, randomized trial, a phase 1b, open label and double blind, doseescallation trial, and a nested, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Inhibition of foot-and-mouth disease virus in cell cultures with antisense morpholino oligomers Antiviral activity of morpholino oligomers designed to block various aspects of Equine arteritis virus amplification in cell culture PCR for detection of oseltamivir resistance mutation in influenza A(H7N9) virus IgG antibodies to dengue enhanced for FcγRIIIA binding determine disease severity Gene-specific countermeasures against Ebola virus based on antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers Advanced antisense therapies for postexposure protection against lethal filovirus infections Single component AVI-7537 antisense compound provides greater protection than double component AVI-6002 against Lethal Ebola virus infection in Rhesus Monkeys Isolation of an arenavirus closely related to Lassa virus from Mastomys natalensis in south-east Inhibition of coxsackievirus b3 in cell cultures and in mice by Peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers targeting the internal ribosomal entry site Inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus replication and transformation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities in biopsies and lymphoid-cell lines from patients with Burkitt and non-Burkitt lymphomas Effect of early and late GB virus C viremia on survival of HIV-infected individuals: a meta-analysis Suppression of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by morpholino antisense oligomers West Nile virus genome cyclization and RNA replication require two pairs of long-distance RNA interactions The focus has been on viral infections because they rely on host ribosomes to produce their proteins, recent emerging infections have been from single-stranded RNA genome viruses, and replication of RNA viruses is error prone. keywords: antisense; antiviral; cell; disease; dna; ebv; et al; genome; hiv; host; human; infected; infections; influenza; inhibition; life; lymphoma; morpholino; oligomers; outbreak; percent; population; rna; studies; table; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-018017-c8myq6bi.txt plain text: cord-018017-c8myq6bi.txt item: #116 of 647 id: cord-018058-n3majqes author: Modrow, Susanne title: Historical Overview date: 2013-08-12 words: 5378 flesch: 42 summary: Slow virus infections principally affect the central nervous system and are caused, for example, by measles virus and JC polyomavirus. This is demonstrated, for example, by SARS virus infections (▶ Sect. 14.8), the pandemic with the new influenza A virus variant (Mexican flu, swine flu) and the threatening potential with regard to humans of new highly pathogenic influenza viruses (▶ Sect. 16.3). keywords: cancer; cells; development; disease; human; infections; pathogen; research; sect; smallpox; time; virus; viruses cache: cord-018058-n3majqes.txt plain text: cord-018058-n3majqes.txt item: #117 of 647 id: cord-018061-jy3km0fr author: AL KASSAA, Imad title: Antiviral Probiotics: A New Concept in Medical Sciences date: 2016-12-02 words: 13244 flesch: 36 summary: Otherwise, orally administered probiotics can change the composition of the gut microbiota by increasing the number of probiotic cells and decreasing commensal and Gram-negative bacteria . The meaning of direct mechanism is when the EnVs interact directly with probiotic cells and/or their metabolic compounds. keywords: activity; bacteria; cells; children; effect; enteric; gram; gut; host; human; immune; infection; infl; lactobacillus; lgg; mice; microbiota; probiotic; rotavirus; specifi; strains; studies; virus; viruses cache: cord-018061-jy3km0fr.txt plain text: cord-018061-jy3km0fr.txt item: #118 of 647 id: cord-018101-zd4v222b author: Kawashima, Kent title: Disease Outbreaks: Critical Biological Factors and Control Strategies date: 2016-05-31 words: 13132 flesch: 39 summary: One reason of this apparent inconsistency might be the assumption of a fixed mean R. Under this assumption, increased variance in the R distribution increases both the numbers of individuals with extremely high R and low R. Individuals with low R are essentially dead ends in disease infection and high numbers of such individuals will decrease outbreak risk. The SARS example illustrates the need for extensive interdisciplinary efforts, combining expertise from physics (fluid mechanics), biology (especially understanding mechanisms of disease transmission), and building design for resilience to future outbreaks. keywords: cases; contact; control; disease; epidemic; et al; factors; host; human; individuals; infection; outbreak; pathogen; population; range; respiratory; sars; spread; superspreaders; transmission; virulence; virus cache: cord-018101-zd4v222b.txt plain text: cord-018101-zd4v222b.txt item: #119 of 647 id: cord-018208-sc8j1ate author: Qu, Bo title: The Accuracy of Mean-Field Approximation for Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible Epidemic Spreading with Heterogeneous Infection Rates date: 2016-11-09 words: 4158 flesch: 48 summary: Our work suggests the conditions when the mean-field approach, in particular NIMFA, is more accurate in the approximation of the SIS epidemic with heterogeneous infection rates. The accuracy of NIMFA with heterogeneous infection rates has not yet been discussed. keywords: infection; infection rate; nimfa; nodes; rates cache: cord-018208-sc8j1ate.txt plain text: cord-018208-sc8j1ate.txt item: #120 of 647 id: cord-018220-8m11ig06 author: Duncan, Coley B. title: Viral Infections date: 2009-02-02 words: 6487 flesch: 41 summary: Current Opinions in Pediatrics Performance of six influenza rapid tests in detecting human influenza in clinical specimens Antiviral therapy and outcomes of influenza requiring hospitalization in Ontario, Canada Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly Antivirals and the control of influenza outbreaks Effects of influenza vaccination of health-care workers on mortality of elderly people in long-term care: a randomised controlled trial Respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly and high-risk adults Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden Contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus to community cases of influenza-like illness: an observational study Respiratory syncytial virus is an important cause of community-acquired lower respiratory infection among hospitalized adults Lack of sensitivity of rapid antigen tests for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Ribavirin therapy of adult respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis High-dose, shortduration ribavirin aerosol therapy compared with standard ribavirin therapy in children with suspected respiratory syncytial virus infection Parainfluenza viruses Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Parainfluenza virus infection among adults hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection Parainfluenza infections in the elderly 1976-82 Influenza-like illness in residential care homes: A study of the incidence, aetiological agents, natural history, and health resource utilization A newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease Human metapneumovirus . Influenza viruses are enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that are classified as A, B, or C, based on stable internal proteins (3) . keywords: acute; adults; age; chronic; disease; hepatitis; infection; influenza; persons; rsv; virus; years cache: cord-018220-8m11ig06.txt plain text: cord-018220-8m11ig06.txt item: #121 of 647 id: cord-018302-lmly43rd author: Renaud, Christian title: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Transplant Recipients date: 2016-02-15 words: 10503 flesch: 20 summary: Infectious Diseases S. Oral ribavirin therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infections in moderately to severely immunocompromised patients Oral versus inhaled ribavirin therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infection after lung transplantation Oral ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection after lung transplantation: effi cacy and cost-effi ciency Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Transplant Recipients Immunoglobulin administration and ribavirin therapy: effi cacy in respiratory syncytial virus infection of the cotton rat Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants and young children Immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation Respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin treatment of RSV lower respiratory tract infection in previously healthy children Respiratory syncytial virus infections in adult bone marrow transplant recipients Respiratory syncytial virus infection in recipients of allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: a retrospective study of the incidence, clinical features, and outcome A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of an RNAibased therapy directed against respiratory syncytial virus Phase I study of intravenous ribavirin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia after marrow transplantation Prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfl uenza viruses in immunocompromised patients Ribavirin therapy in bone marrow transplant recipients with viral respiratory tract infections Lassa fever. Effective therapy with ribavirin Prospective, double-blind, concurrent, placebo-controlled clinical trial of intravenous ribavirin therapy of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome Respiratory syncytial virus upper respiratory tract illnesses in adult blood and marrow transplant recipients: combination therapy with aerosolized ribavirin and intravenous immunoglobulin Comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin and immune serum globulin in vitro Effect of ribavirin and glucocorticoid treatment in a mouse model of human metapneumovirus infection Infection control of nosocomial respiratory viral disease in the immunocompromised host Seasonal infl uenza in adults and children-diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management: clinical practice guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Infectious Disease Society of A, American Society of B and Marrow T. Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection Immune-globulin prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients undergoing stem-cell transplantation Phase 1 evaluation of the respiratory syncytial virus-specifi c monoclonal antibody palivizumab in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants A broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody exhibits in vivo effi cacy against both human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus Guidelines for preventing infectious complications among hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: a global perspective Oral GS-5806 activity in a respiratory syncytial virus challenge study Chemotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infections: the fi nal breakthrough Preventing severe respiratory syncytial virus disease: passive, active immunisation and new antivirals Structural basis of respiratory syncytial virus neutralization by motavizumab The changing landscape of respiratory syncytial virus Live-attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccines Chimpanzee adenovirus-and MVA-vectored respiratory syncytial virus vaccine is safe and immunogenic in adults Phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of a live, attenuated respiratory syncytial virus and parainfl uenza virus type 3 vaccine in seronegative children Attenuated human parainfl uenza virus type 1 (HPIV1) expressing the fusion glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as a bivalent HPIV1/RSV vaccine New approaches for immunization and therapy against human metapneumovirus keywords: cell; disease; hmpv; hsct; human; infection; patients; pneumonia; recipients; ribavirin; rsv; study; therapy; tract; transplant; transplant recipients; virus; viruses cache: cord-018302-lmly43rd.txt plain text: cord-018302-lmly43rd.txt item: #122 of 647 id: cord-018319-tylkbh4h author: Chemaly, Roy F. title: Respiratory Viruses date: 2011-01-04 words: 8856 flesch: 33 summary: Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer Common community respiratory viruses in patients with cancer: more than just common colds Harrison's principles of internal medicine Circulation patterns of genetically distinct group A and B strains of human respiratory syncytial virus in a community Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus Risk of primary infection and reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus infections in previously healthy working adults Respiratory syncytial and other virus infections in persons with chronic cardiopulmonary disease Can respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A be distinguished clinically in institutionalized older persons? Symptomatic respiratory syncytial virus infection in previously healthy young adults living in a crowded military environment Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus infections in the immunocompromised host Respiratory virus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Respiratory syncytial virusinduced acute lung injury in adult patients with bone marrow transplants Combination therapy with aerosolized ribavirin and intravenous immunoglobulin for respiratory syncytial virus disease in adult bone marrow transplant recipients Diagnosis and epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory virus infections in the immunocompromised host Respiratory virus infections after stem cell transplantation: a prospective study from the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Viral pneumonia in the immunocompromised adult with neoplastic disease: the role of common community respiratory viruses Community respiratory virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients Characteristics and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with leukemia Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients: hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients and individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus infections in pediatric liver transplant recipients Viral and host factors in human respiratory syncytial virus pathogenesis Community-based respiratory viral infections in HIV-positive patients with lower respiratory tract disease: a prospective bronchoscopic study Rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised adults Rapid simultaneous diagnosis of infections with respiratory syncytial viruses A and B, influenza viruses A and B, and human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 by multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-enzyme hybridization assay ( In this chapter, we discuss the common clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, treatments, and prevention measures for respiratory virus infections in general and in cancer patients in particular (Table 32. keywords: adenovirus; cause; cell; children; hsct; infections; influenza; patients; pneumonia; recipients; rsv; transplant; transplantation; virus; viruses cache: cord-018319-tylkbh4h.txt plain text: cord-018319-tylkbh4h.txt item: #123 of 647 id: cord-018421-wy3mtafh author: Waghmare, Alpana title: Rhinovirus, Coronavirus, Enterovirus, and Bocavirus After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation or Solid Organ Transplantation date: 2016-02-15 words: 5436 flesch: 22 summary: HRV viral RNA was detected in the sera of 30 (12%) of 243 pediatric patients with severe HRV respiratory infection, with HRV-C being the predominant species [ 31 ] . Respiratory virus infections after stem cell transplantation: a prospective study from the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Respiratory virus infections after marrow transplant: the Fred Hutchinson cancer research center experience Respiratory viral infections after bone marrow/peripheral stem-cell transplantation: the Christie hospital experience Human rhinovirus and coronavirus detection among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients Clinical impact of community-acquired respiratory viruses on bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant Upper and lower respiratory tract viral infections and acute graft rejection in lung transplant recipients keywords: clinical; cov; enterovirus; hrv; human; infection; lung; patients; recipients; tract; transplant; viruses cache: cord-018421-wy3mtafh.txt plain text: cord-018421-wy3mtafh.txt item: #124 of 647 id: cord-018461-lq1m9h41 author: Elgazzar, Abdelhamid H. title: Inflammation date: 2014-06-27 words: 10135 flesch: 38 summary: F-18 fl uorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) has emerged as an important diagnostic agent for infectious and noninfectious soft tissue and skeletal infl ammations including infl ammatory bowel disease, fevers of unknown origin, rheumatologic disorders, tuberculosis infection, fungal infection, pneumonia, abscess, postarthroplasy infections, chronic and vertebral osteomyelitis, sarcoidosis, and chemotherapy-induced pneumonitis [ 72 -74 ] . Locally increased accumulation of several radiotracers, increased fl ow and blood pool activity on bone scan; hyperemic pattern on delayed bone images may be present with soft tissue infection Increased vascular permeability Increased migration of WBCs, increased accumulation of 67 Infl ammation: basic principles and clinical correlates Infl ammation Robbins and Cotzan, pathologic basis of disease Biological mediators of acute infl ammation Pathogenesis and mechanisms of infl ammation and pain: an overview Infl ammatory cytokine production by immunological and foreign body multinucleated giant cells Pathophysiology of intra-abdominal adhesion and abscess formation, and the effect of hyaluronan Intra-abdominal infections Management of severe abdominal infections Comparison of infl ammatory bowel disease at younger and older age Etiopathogenesis and aggravating factors of ulcerative colitis Environmental risk factors in paediatric infl ammatory bowel diseases: a population based case control study Anti-interleukin-12 antibody for active Crohn's disease Anti-interleukin-12 antibody for active Crohn's disease Physiological basis for novel drug therapies used to treat the infl ammatory bowel diseases I. Pathophysiological basis and prospects for probiotic therapy in infl ammatory bowel disease Dietary risk factors for infl ammatory bowel disease: a multicenter casecontrol study in Japan Cigarette smoking and age at diagnosis of infl ammatory bowel disease The IBD international genetics consortium provides further evidence for linkage to IBD4 and shows gene-environment interaction The vasculature and infl ammatory bowel disease: contribution to pathogenesis and clinical pathology Granulomatous infections: etiology and classifi cation Early onset sarcoidosis: not a benign disease Pulmonary defense mechanisms Clinical insights and basic science correlates in sarcoidosis Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria Sarcoidosis: global scenario & Indian perspective Clinical courses and prognoses of pulmonary sarcoidosis Pneumocystis carinii infection. keywords: abscess; abscesses; acute; ammation; ammatory; cells; diagnosis; disease; imaging; infection; infl; infl ammation; leukocytes; patients; specifi; tissue; uptake cache: cord-018461-lq1m9h41.txt plain text: cord-018461-lq1m9h41.txt item: #125 of 647 id: cord-018545-fk17n2bx author: Dorofaeff, Tavey title: Infections in the PICU date: 2012 words: 14182 flesch: 43 summary: Bronchiolitis and other viral respiratory infections in infants with congenital heart disease lead to operative delays and increasing complications post cardiac bypass surgery (e.g., pulmonary hypertension). The following groups are at increased risk of severe infection: • Ex-premature infants and neonates • Infants with congenital heart disease • Infants with immune deficiency • Infants with neuromuscular disease keywords: antibiotics; care; cause; cell; children; days; diagnosis; disease; failure; fever; heart; hiv; illness; infants; infections; management; patients; picu; pneumonia; respiratory; risk; shock; syndrome; therapy; transplant; treatment; unit cache: cord-018545-fk17n2bx.txt plain text: cord-018545-fk17n2bx.txt item: #126 of 647 id: cord-018555-3lta1tbp author: Overstreet, Robin M. title: Host–Symbiont Relationships: Understanding the Change from Guest to Pest date: 2016-01-06 words: 15642 flesch: 42 summary: Virions were inactivated by a 10-min exposure to temperatures of 60-90 C. A variety, but not all, of toxicants can probably affect the relationship between the viral agent and shrimp host. Lightner and Redman (1998) discussed this term when dealing with shrimp infections. keywords: aquaculture; day; days; disease; et al; fish; host; infected; infections; living; low; overstreet; parasite; pathogenic; penaeid; prevalence; relationship; shrimp; species; symbiont; symbiotic; termite; transmission; virulence; virus; viruses cache: cord-018555-3lta1tbp.txt plain text: cord-018555-3lta1tbp.txt item: #127 of 647 id: cord-018651-phb44k66 author: Hammoud, Dima A. title: Neuroimaging date: 2017-05-26 words: 2945 flesch: 28 summary: Another problem with TSPO imaging in non-focal brain infections such as neuro-HIV is the lack of a reference region due to diffuse involvement of the brain. Major limitations of TSPO imaging however exist. keywords: brain; cells; imaging; infection; mice; pathogen; virus; vivo cache: cord-018651-phb44k66.txt plain text: cord-018651-phb44k66.txt item: #128 of 647 id: cord-018659-rxzy6k3b author: Danziger-Isakov, Lara title: Posttransplant Complications and Comorbidities date: 2018-01-08 words: 6906 flesch: 27 summary: Respiratory virus Bacteria account for about 50% of infections post lung transplant with pneumonia being most frequent. Obtaining cultures of respiratory, blood, urine, and wound samples with accurate identification and determination of drug sensitivity is critical in the treatment of bacterial infection post lung transplant. keywords: cmv; disease; et al; infection; lung; patients; pediatric; prophylaxis; recipients; risk; transplant; transplantation cache: cord-018659-rxzy6k3b.txt plain text: cord-018659-rxzy6k3b.txt item: #129 of 647 id: cord-018785-tcr5xlf8 author: Nambiar, Puja title: Infection in Kidney Transplantation date: 2018-06-27 words: 9374 flesch: 29 summary: A long national experience HIV-positive-to-HIV-positive kidney transplantation-results at 3-5 years Prevention and management of cytomegalovirus infection in solid-organ transplantation Prognosis of HTLV-I-positive renal transplant recipients Pre-emptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viraemia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Infections in solid-organ transplant patients Valganciclovir solid organ transplant study group: efficacy and safety of valganciclovir vs. oral ganciclovir for prevention of cyto-megalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Fatal disseminated adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients Polyoma nephropathy and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a renal transplant recipient CMV infection is associated with transplant renal artery stenosis Incisional surgical site infection in kidney transplantation BK virus in transplant recipients: an overview and update Transmission of human herpesvirus 8 infection from renal-transplant donors to recipients Impact of early cytomegalovirus infection and disease on longterm recipient and kidney graft survival RESITRA Network of the Spanish Study Group of Infection in Transplantation (2008) Impact of current transplantation management on the development of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation Successful Treatment of Hepatitis C in Renal Transplant Recipients With Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents PHS guideline for reducing human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus transmission through organ transplantation Prevalence of HIV-associated nephropathy in autopsies of HIV-infected patients Human herpesvirus-6 in transplantation: an emerging pathogen Rates of first infection following kidney transplant in the United States Up to date Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients Sirolimus for Kaposi's sarcoma in renal transplant recipients Outcomes of kidney transplantation in HIV-infected recipients Preemptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viremia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Viral infections affecting the skin in organ transplant recipients: epidemiology and current management strategies Long-term results in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-positive renal transplant recipients Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) after solid organ transplantation The association of viral infection and chronic allograft nephropathy with graft dysfunction after renal transplantation Polyomavirus in kidney and kidney-pancreas transplant recipients Epidemiology of kidney disease in the unites states. CMV resistance to ganciclovir has been noted in renal transplant recipients due to mutations in UL 97, the gene responsible for the first phosphorylation step in ganciclovir activation and UL 54, the gene responsible for DNA polymerase (Limaye et al. 2000) . keywords: cmv; disease; donor; et al; infection; kidney; organ; patients; posttransplant; prophylaxis; recipients; renal; risk; therapy; transplant; transplantation; treatment; virus cache: cord-018785-tcr5xlf8.txt plain text: cord-018785-tcr5xlf8.txt item: #130 of 647 id: cord-018808-h2zb87oa author: Tantawichien, Terapong title: Dengue date: 2018-03-20 words: 7333 flesch: 34 summary: Paediatr Int Child Health Confirmed adult dengue deaths in Singapore: 5-year multi-center retrospective study Reviewing the development, evidence base, and application of the revised dengue case classification Accuracy and applicability of the revised WHO classification (2009) of dengue in children seen at a tertiary healthcare facility in northern India Gallbladder wall thickening in dengue hemorrhagic fever: an ultrasonographic study Natural history of plasma leakage in dengue hemorrhagic fever: a serial ultrasonographic study Chest radiographic presentation in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes in adults experiencing dengue hemorrhagic fever complicated with acute renal failure Evaluation of cardiac involvement during dengue viral infection Acute respiratory failure in adult patients with dengue virus infection Early predictors of clinically significant bleeding in adults with dengue infection Clinical and upper gastroendoscopic features of patients with dengue virus infection Splenic rupture in a patient with dengue fever Dengue hemorrhagic fever during pregnancy Effects of dengue fever during pregnancy in French Guiana Dengue infection complicated by severe hemorrhage and vertical transmission in parturient woman Dengue fever and pregnancy Maternal and perinatal outcomes of dengue in Port Sudan, Eastern Sudan Maternal and fetal consequences of dengue fever during pregnancy Maternal and fetal outcome of dengue fever in pregnancy Maternal dengue and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review Liver biochemical tests and dengue fever Liver involvement associated with dengue infection in adults in Vietnam Early clinical and laboratory indicators of acute dengue illness Aminotransferase changes and acute hepatitis in patients with dengue fever Liver function tests abnormality and clinical severity of dengue infection in adult patients Liver complications in adult dengue and current management Severity of acute hepatitis and its outcome in patients with dengue fever in a tertiary care hospital Incidence and clinical outcome of acute liver failure caused by dengue in a hospital for tropical diseases, Thailand Fulminant hepatitis in dengue haemorrhagic fever Hemorrhagic manifestations and encephalopathy in case of dengue in India Neurological manifestations of dengue infection Rhabdomyolysis associated with dengue virus infection Encephalitis and dengue Neurological manifestations of dengue virus infection Dengue myocarditis Review of dengue hemorrhagic fever fatal cases seen among adults Dengue fever mimicking acute appendicitis Neurological complications of dengue virus infection Dengue encephalitis: a true entity? Viral etiologies of encephalitis in Thai children Coinfection in dengue patients Clinical characteristics and risk factors for concurrent bacteremia in adults with dengue hemorrhagic fever Bacterial coinfections in dengue virus disease: what we know and what is still obscure about an emerging concern Utility of the tourniquet test and the white blood cell count to differentiate dengue among acute febrile illnesses in the emergency room Performance of the tourniquet test for diagnosing dengue in Peru Predictive diagnostic value of the tourniquet test for the diagnosis of dengue infection in adults Dengue virus infections: comparison of methods for diagnosing the acute disease Virus isolation as one of the diagnostic methods for dengue virus infection Molecular amplification assays for detection of flaviviruses Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific to dengue virus type 1 nonstructural protein NS1 reveals circulation of the antigen in the blood during the acute phase of disease in patients experiencing primary or secondary infections Kinetics of dengue virus NS1 protein in dengue 4-confirmed adult patients Use of a rapid immunochromatographic test for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection The comparative accuracy of 8 commercial rapid immunochromatographic assays for the diagnosis of acute dengue virus Infection Practical guideline for management of dengue in adult Clinical spectrum and management of dengue haemorrhagic fever. keywords: acute; adults; bleeding; children; dengue; dengue infection; dhf; disease; failure; fever; infection; leakage; patients; plasma; virus cache: cord-018808-h2zb87oa.txt plain text: cord-018808-h2zb87oa.txt item: #131 of 647 id: cord-018907-c84t1bo5 author: Bin-Hussain, Ibrahim title: Infections in the Immunocompromised Host date: 2012 words: 3647 flesch: 24 summary: The pathogens in immunocompromised patients can be predicted based on the immune defect. In centers dealing with immunocompromised patients, the microbiology laboratory as well as the radiology service need to be well equipped and trained in diagnosing these patients. keywords: culture; fever; gram; infection; negative; neutropenia; patients; risk; therapy cache: cord-018907-c84t1bo5.txt plain text: cord-018907-c84t1bo5.txt item: #132 of 647 id: cord-019009-3ngfv96u author: Gea-Banacloche, Juan title: Risks and Epidemiology of Infections After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation date: 2016-02-15 words: 8490 flesch: 23 summary: A multicenter, randomized trial Itraconazole versus fl uconazole for prevention of fungal infections in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplants Randomized, double-blind trial of fl uconazole versus voriconazole for prevention of invasive fungal infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation Posaconazole or fl uconazole for prophylaxis in severe graft-versus-host disease Second-versus fi rstgeneration azoles for antifungal prophylaxis in hematology patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Posaconazole vs. fl uconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia Large-scale multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for diagnosis of viral reactivations after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Intensive strategy to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in seropositive umbilical cord blood transplant recipients Long-term acyclovir for prevention of varicella zoster virus disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation-a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Use of long-term suppressive acyclovir after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: impact on herpes simplex virus (HSV) disease and drug-resistant HSV disease Cytomegalovirus pp 65 antigenemia-guided early treatment with ganciclovir versus ganciclovir at engraftment after allogeneic marrow transplantation: a randomized double-blind study Risk factors for cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with cytomegalovirus viremia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation CMV central nervous system disease in stem-cell transplant recipients: an increasing complication of drug-resistant CMV infection and protracted immunodefi ciency Cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis with compartmentalization of antiviral-resistant cytomegalovirus in a T cell-depleted haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplant recipient Transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infection after receipt of leukoreduced blood products Successful modifi cation of a pp 65 antigenemia-based early treatment strategy for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in allogeneic marrow transplant recipients Late cytomegalovirus disease and mortality in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants: importance of viral load and t-cell immunity Valganciclovir for the prevention of complications of late cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a randomized trial The role of cytomegalovirus serostatus on outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders Prophylaxis of toxoplasmosis infection with pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (fansidar) in bone marrow transplant recipients Risk factors for lymphoproliferative disorders after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after umbilical cord blood transplantation in adults with hematological diseases EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder following in vivo t-cell-depleted allogeneic transplantation: clinical features, viral load correlates and prognostic factors in the rituximab era Impact of Epstein Barr virus-related complications after high-risk allo-SCT in the era of pre-emptive rituximab Human herpesvirus 6 infections after bone marrow transplantation: clinical and virologic manifestations High levels of human herpesvirus 6 DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes are correlated to platelet engraftment and disease in allogeneic stem cell transplant patients Clinical outcomes of human herpesvirus 6 reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Human herpesvirus 6 reactivation on the 30th day after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can predict grade 2-4 acute graft-versus-host disease Human herpesvirus-6 encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: what we do and do not know Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) reactivation and HHV-6 encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a multicenter, prospective study Frequent human herpesvirus-6 viremia but low incidence of encephalitis in double-unit cord blood recipients transplanted without antithymocyte globulin Foscarnet against human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 reactivation after allo-SCT: breakthrough HHV-6 encephalitis following antiviral prophylaxis Management of CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and kaposi-sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8) infections in patients with hematological malignancies and after SCT The challenge of respiratory virus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients Risks and Epidemiology of Infections After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with respiratory virus detection before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory disease in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: viral RNA detection in blood, antiviral treatment, and clinical outcomes Parainfl uenza virus infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, response to antiviral therapy, and effect on transplant outcome Rhinovirus infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with pneumonia Mortality rates of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients Human rhinovirus and coronavirus detection among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients Disseminated bocavirus infection after stem cell transplant Infl uenza infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, mortality, and the effect of antiviral therapy Human parainfl uenza virus infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, management, mortality, and changes over time Airfl ow decline after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: the role of community respiratory viruses Respiratory syncytial virus in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: factors determining progression to lower respiratory tract disease Adenovirus infection and disease in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: clues for antiviral preemptive treatment Adenovirus infection rates in pediatric recipients of alternate donor allogeneic bone marrow transplants receiving either antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or alemtuzumab (campath) Adenovirus infections following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: incidence and outcome in relation to graft manipulation, immunosuppression, and immune recovery Invasive adenoviral infections in t-celldepleted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: high mortality in the era of cidofovir Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of adenovirus after T cell-replete hematopoietic cell transplantation: viral load as a marker for invasive disease Cidofovir for adenovirus infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a survey by the infectious diseases working party of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation Polyomavirus BK infection in blood and marrow transplant recipients BK DNA viral load in plasma: evidence for an association with hemorrhagic cystitis in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients Kidney and bladder outcomes in children with hemorrhagic cystitis and BK virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation BK nephropathy in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Pneumonitis post-haematopoeitic stem cell transplant-cytopathology clinches diagnosis JC polyomavirus reactivation is common following allogeneic stem cell transplantation and its preemptive detection may prevent lethal complications Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis following bone marrow transplantation Occurrence of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a 6-year retrospective study Late onset pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation Infl uence of type of cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on clinical presentation of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in cancer patients A randomized trial of daily and thrice-weekly trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodefi ciency virusinfected persons. Spanish group on infectious complications in hematopoietic transplantation Risk factors for invasive fungal infections in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation A controlled trial of fl uconazole to prevent fungal infections in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation Effi cacy and safety of fl uconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after marrow transplantation-a prospective, randomized, double-blind study Candidemia in allogeneic blood and marrow transplant recipients: evolution of risk factors after the adoption of prophylactic fl uconazole Epidemiology of aspergillus infections in a large cohort of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation Invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: changes in epidemiology and risk factors Invasive fungal infections in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative conditioning: risks and outcomes Risks, diagnosis and outcomes of invasive fungal infections in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Epidemiology and outcomes of invasive fungal infections in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients in the era of antifungal prophylaxis: a singlecentre study with focus on emerging pathogens Zygomycosis in a tertiary-care cancer center in the era of aspergillus-active antifungal therapy: a casecontrol observational study of 27 recent cases Micafungin versus fl uconazole for prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections during neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Prolonged fl uconazole prophylaxis is associated with persistent protection against candidiasis-related death in allogeneic marrow transplant recipients: long-term follow-up of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial Intravenous and oral itraconazole versus intravenous and oral fl uconazole for long-term antifungal prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients. keywords: allogeneic; cell; cmv; disease; factors; gvhd; hct; infections; marrow; patients; prophylaxis; recipients; risk; stem; transplantation cache: cord-019009-3ngfv96u.txt plain text: cord-019009-3ngfv96u.txt item: #133 of 647 id: cord-019051-gtruu1op author: Weber, Olaf title: The role of viruses in the etiology and pathogenesis of common cold date: 2009-11-10 words: 12336 flesch: 41 summary: Indeed, approximately 80% of asthma exacerbations in children [26] and about 70% in adults [27] are associated with respiratory virus infections, and the vast majority of these are RV infections [28] . The epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infection in young children Risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection for infants from low-income families in relationship to age, sex, ethnic group and maternal antibody level Respiratory syncytial virus Differential production of inflammatory cytokines in primary infection with human metapneumovirus and with other common respiratory viruses of infancy Effectiveness of drug therapies to treat or prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection-related morbidity Genetic susceptibility to RSV disease Bronchoalveolar lavage cytokine profiles in acute asthma and acute bronchiolitis Human infant respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific type 1 and 2 cytokine responses ex vivo during primary RSV infection Type 1 and type 2 cytokine imbalance in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis Priming immunization determines T helper cytokine mRNA expression patterns in lungs of mice challenged with respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus deficient in soluble G protein induced an increased proinflammatory response in human lung epithelial cells The cysteinerich region of respiratory syncytial virus attachment protein inhibits innate immunity elicited by the virus and endotoxin Pattern recognition receptors TLR4 and CD14 mediate response to respiratory syncytial virus Severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in Alaska native children Palivizumab in the prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus disease mechanisms implicated by human, animal model, and In vitro data facilitate vaccine strategies and new therapeutics Experimental respiratory syncytial virus infection of four species of primates Respiratory syncytial virus infects the bonnet monkey, Macaca radiata The pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats Enhancement of respiratory syncytial virus pulmonary pathology in cotton rats by prior intramuscular inoculation of formalin-inactivated virus Mechanism of antibody-mediated viral clearance in immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infection of cotton rats Primary respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice Respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice Intracellular IFN-gamma expression in natural killer cells precedes lung CD8 + T cell recruitment during respiratory syncytial virus infection Immune-mediated disease pathogenesis in respiratory syncytial virus infection Chinchilla and murine models of upper respiratory tract infections with respiratory syncytial virus Evaluation of severe disease induced by aerosol inoculation of calves with bovine respiratory syncytial virus Complete sequence of the RNA genome of pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) Parainfluenza viruses Parainfluenza viruses Myxoviruses: Parainfluenza International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses The role of viral glycoproteins in adsorption, penetration, and pathogenicity of viruses New frontiers opened by the exploration of host cell receptors Acquisition of serum antibodies to specific glycoproteins of parainfluenza virus 3 in children ) secretory immunological response in infants and children to parainfluenza virus types 1 and 2 Brief report: Parainfluenza virus type 3 infections: keywords: adenovirus; cause; cell; children; cold; coronavirus; disease; human; infection; influenza; pathogenesis; protein; response; rna; role; rsv; symptoms; tract; virus; viruses cache: cord-019051-gtruu1op.txt plain text: cord-019051-gtruu1op.txt item: #134 of 647 id: cord-019089-oots4fe4 author: Laya, Bernard F. title: Infections date: 2013-08-31 words: 5443 flesch: 33 summary: In this chapter, the imaging modalities utilized in the detection of pulmonary infections will be discussed. The cornerstone of imaging in children suspected of having pulmonary infection is the chest radiograph. keywords: chest; children; consolidation; disease; fig; imaging; infection; lung; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary cache: cord-019089-oots4fe4.txt plain text: cord-019089-oots4fe4.txt item: #135 of 647 id: cord-019100-rce6kyu4 author: Heymann, Peter W. title: VIRUS-INDUCED WHEEZING IN CHILDREN: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Rhinovirus date: 1998-02-01 words: 4836 flesch: 26 summary: The effects of rhinovirus infections on allergic airway responses Rhinovirus produces non-specific activation of lymphocytes through a monocyte-dependent mechanism Natural history of sensitization in atopic dermatitis Rhinovirus infection of the normal human airway Computed tomographic study of the common cold Influence of maternal allergic disease during pregnancy on IgE, Alternaria skin tests and asthma in children Exacerbations of asthma in adults during experimental rhinovirus infection The etiologic and epidemiologic spectrum of bronchiolitis in pediatric practice Allergy: Early childhood asthma: The interaction between rhinovirus infections and allergic inflammation becomes significantly associated with wheezing after the age of 2 years. keywords: asthma; children; ige; infections; nasal; rhinovirus; rsv; studies; symptoms; tract; wheezing cache: cord-019100-rce6kyu4.txt plain text: cord-019100-rce6kyu4.txt item: #136 of 647 id: cord-019490-m1cuuehi author: None title: Abstracts cont. date: 2015-12-28 words: 93719 flesch: 45 summary: Mean age (78 vs 77), Charlson score (2.5 vs. 2.6), neoplasm (22% vs. 21%), HIV (0.7% vs. 0.8%), chronic liver disease (9% vs.7%), diabetes mellitus ( 19% vs.22%), ICU admission (4% vs. 4%), monotherapy (63% vs. 66%), and aetiology (S. pneumoniae 34% vs. 36%; L. pneumophila 3% vs.2%; others 8% vs.11%; unknown 54% vs.51%) were similar. The same was found for mecillinam, i.e. no correlation for AUC/MIC vs. CFÚ s in urine or organs, while Time > MIC % significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with CFÚ s in urine (R 2 = 0.48), and kidney tissue (R 2 = 0.82), respectively. keywords: activity; aeruginosa; agar; agents; aim; analysis; anthrax; antibiotics; antimicrobial; assay; associated; aureus; bacteria; blood; broth; cases; ciprofloxacin; clinical; coli; concentrations; conclusions; control; data; days; detection; diagnosis; disease; dose; drug; effect; erythromycin; gene; gram; grn; group; hospital; hours; human; imipenem; infections; isolates; laboratory; levofloxacin; linezolid; low; mcg; mean; methicillin; methods; mic; mic90; mics; moxifloxacin; mrsa; mrsa strains; nccls; negative; new; non; objectives; oral; pathogens; patients; pcr; penicillin; period; pfge; phenotype; plasma; pneumoniae; population; positive; presence; prevalence; pylori; rates; resistance; results; risk; s. aureus; samples; serum; single; skin; species; spectrum; spp; staphylococcus; strains; studies; study; subjects; susceptibility; susceptible; tested; testing; therapy; tigecycline; time; tissue; total; tract; treatment; type; use; values; vancomycin; vitro; water; years cache: cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt plain text: cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt item: #137 of 647 id: cord-019964-9leljj8j author: None title: Recent research in infectious disease date: 2005-01-22 words: 6121 flesch: 44 summary: We examined the risk of developing HSIL among adolescents with and without HIV infection. Methods: HIV-infected (nZ172) and-uninfected (nZ84) girls aged 13-18 years who were participating in a multicenter study of primarily horizontally acquired HIV infections in adolescents (Reaching for Excellence in Adolescent Health Care) and who did not have HSIL on cytologic examination at study entry or at the first follow-up visit were followed at 6-month intervals. Results: At the STI clinic (nZ756 men), we identified 150 men (20%) with Trichomonas vaginalis infection, 358 men (47%) with HIV infection, and 335 men (44%) with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. keywords: cases; children; group; gynecomastia; hiv; infected; infection; isolates; men; mrsa; patients; results; risk; study; use; virus; years cache: cord-019964-9leljj8j.txt plain text: cord-019964-9leljj8j.txt item: #138 of 647 id: cord-019977-kj0eaw6v author: None title: Neonatal bacterial infection: A changing scene? date: 2005-04-14 words: 1336 flesch: 38 summary: key: cord-019977-kj0eaw6v authors: nan title: Neonatal bacterial infection: A changing scene? date: 2005-04-14 journal: J Infect DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(82)91569-9 sha: doc_id: The risk therefore is ever present, and-at least where neonatal bacterial infection is concerned -its nature may be ever changing. keywords: enterocolitis; infection; neonatal; newborn cache: cord-019977-kj0eaw6v.txt plain text: cord-019977-kj0eaw6v.txt item: #139 of 647 id: cord-020010-q58x6xb0 author: None title: 19th ICAR Abstracts: date: 2006-03-13 words: 46881 flesch: 40 summary: Although anti-inflammatory agents are not very active in vitro, it is thought that they might be efficacious in reducing any deleterious inflammatory response associated with virus infections such as SARS infections in humans. Although only BTCRB and BDCRB were inhibitors of the ATPase activity, two other compounds, dBDCRB and Cl4RB, inhibited virus replication in a plaque-reduction assay, thus indicating that those have a different mode of action. keywords: acid; action; activity; agents; animals; antiviral; assay; cdv; cells; combination; compounds; concentrations; containing; control; culture; days; department; derivatives; development; disease; dna; dose; drug; effect; efficacy; gene; hcv; hiv; human; infection; influenza; influenza virus; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; institute; mice; model; molecular; mutations; new; novel; nucleoside; polymerase; potent; potential; presence; present; properties; protein; reduction; replication; research; resistance; results; rna; specific; strain; structure; studies; study; synthesis; system; target; tested; therapeutic; therapy; treatment; type; university; usa; virus; virus infection; virus replication; viruses; vitro; vivo cache: cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt plain text: cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt item: #140 of 647 id: cord-020560-jnemlabp author: Tewari, Hemant title: Severe Tropical Infections date: 2012-03-09 words: 929 flesch: 45 summary: While resuscitation is going on, send investigations: • Complete blood count-neutropenia is a common feature in many tropical infections. Many tropical infections are self-limiting. keywords: infections; treatment cache: cord-020560-jnemlabp.txt plain text: cord-020560-jnemlabp.txt item: #141 of 647 id: cord-020700-iko8gy1e author: Calvo, Cristina title: Respiratory viral infections in a cohort of children during the first year of life and their role in the development of wheezing() date: 2017-07-06 words: 3948 flesch: 46 summary: key: cord-020700-iko8gy1e authors: Calvo, Cristina; Aguado, Isabel; García-García, María Luz; Ruiz-Chercoles, Esther; Díaz-Martinez, Eloisa; Albañil, Rosa María; Campelo, Olga; Olivas, Antonio; Muñóz-Gonzalez, Luisa; Pozo, Francisco; Fernandez-Arroyo, Rosa; Fernandez-Rincón, Adelaida; Calderon, Ana; Casas, Inmaculada title: Respiratory viral infections in a cohort of children during the first year of life and their role in the development of wheezing() date: 2017-07-06 journal: An Pediatr (Engl Ed) DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2016.08.008 sha: doc_id: 20700 cord_uid: iko8gy1e INTRODUCTION: It is known that infants with viral respiratory infections severe enough to require hospital admission have a high risk of developing recurrent wheezing. keywords: asymptomatic; infants; infections; life; risk; viral; wheezing cache: cord-020700-iko8gy1e.txt plain text: cord-020700-iko8gy1e.txt item: #142 of 647 id: cord-021069-v9f9874x author: Morrison, Lynda A. title: Viral pathogenesis and central nervous system infection date: 2004-11-23 words: 3817 flesch: 29 summary: The consequences of infection vary with the location and function of tissue injured by the virus : for example, motor neuron destruction in poliomyelitis results in paralysis ; demyelinating reactions to virus infection cause incoordination ; and virus infections of cells in the developing nervous system produce a variety of congenital abnormalities and neurological diseases (see Coyle, this issue, 32 and refs 19, 38) . Information about neuronal physiology and function has also been revealed through studying virus infection. keywords: cells; cns; host; infection; pathogenesis; system; transport; virus; viruses cache: cord-021069-v9f9874x.txt plain text: cord-021069-v9f9874x.txt item: #143 of 647 id: cord-021399-gs3i7wbe author: Dada, M.A. title: SUDDEN NATURAL DEATH | Infectious Diseases date: 2005-11-18 words: 3487 flesch: 39 summary: The World Health Organization defines sudden death as that occurring within 24 h of the onset of symptoms. Some authors variably define sudden death as that occurring within 1, 6, and 12 h of the onset of symptoms. keywords: cardiac; cases; cause; death; disease; infection; organism; suicide; system cache: cord-021399-gs3i7wbe.txt plain text: cord-021399-gs3i7wbe.txt item: #144 of 647 id: cord-021413-1ht1xm88 author: Kraft, Lisbeth M. title: Viral Diseases of the Digestive System date: 2013-10-21 words: 14272 flesch: 41 summary: A number of cell systems have been successfully employed for in vitro growth of mouse hepatitis viruses: MHV-C in mouse embryo explants (Mosley, 1961) ; MHVl in newborn mouse kidney explants (Starr and Pollard, 1959) ; MHV-S in mouse embryo explants (Compels, 1953) and in liver (Gallily et aL, 1964) ; MHV-B in liver cell monolayers (Paradisi and Piccinino, 1968) ; MHV3 in liver explants (Vainio, 1961) ; MHV-B in liver cells (Miyazaki et aL, 1957) ; MHV2 and MHV3 in DBT cells (Hirano et aL, 1978; Takayama and Kim, 1978) ; and various strains in NCTC 1469 cells (David-Ferreira and Manaker, 1965; Wilsnack etaL, 1971; Hartley and Rowe, 1963) . I. Isolation and biological prop erties of the virus Serological inter relationships of murine hepatitis viruses Production of high-titer bovine rotavirus with trypsin Murine virus contaminants of leukemia viruses and transplantable tumors Reovirus type 3 infection in laboratory mice Temperature-sensitive mutants of reovirus type 3: Studies on the synthesis of viral RNA Effect of corticosteroids on mouse hepatitis virus infection An electron microscope study of the development of a mouse hepatitis virus in tissue culture cells Importance of a new virus in acute sporadic enteritis in children Comparison of the morphology of three coronaviruses Classification of rotaviruses: Report from the Worid Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Or ganization Comparative Virology Program Serologic study on the prevalence of murine viruses in five Canadian mouse colonies A virus related to that causing hepatitis in mice (MHV) Immunopathology of mouse hepatitis virus type 3. II. keywords: acute; agent; animals; cells; colony; coronaviruses; diarrhea; disease; edim; electron; et al; hepatitis; hepatitis virus; human; infant; infection; kraft; mhv; mice; mouse; mouse hepatitis; murine; nude; reovirus; rotavirus; strain; studies; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-021413-1ht1xm88.txt plain text: cord-021413-1ht1xm88.txt item: #145 of 647 id: cord-021424-kocwsyi7 author: Shannon, M. Frances title: Genomic Approaches to the Host Response to Pathogens date: 2009-01-30 words: 7280 flesch: 31 summary: Gene Map Annotator and Pathway Profi ler is a computer application designed to visualize gene expression data on maps representing biological pathways and groupings of genes. Widespread changes in gene expression are detected following TLR activation and the activated cells produce a plethora of cytokines and chemokines that then activate the adaptive arm of the immune system. keywords: cells; disease; et al; expression; gene; host; immune; infection; pathogens; profi; response; specifi; studies; susceptibility cache: cord-021424-kocwsyi7.txt plain text: cord-021424-kocwsyi7.txt item: #146 of 647 id: cord-021453-vf8xbaug author: Dysko, Robert C. title: Biology and Diseases of Dogs date: 2007-09-02 words: 42005 flesch: 46 summary: Preventing laboratory animals from contacting ticks is the primary means to avoid monocytic ehrlichiosis in research dogs. For this reason, medical treatment of heartworm disease is not usually attempted in research dogs. keywords: acute; adult; age; animals; areas; beagles; bitch; blood; body; canine; canis; cases; catheter; cause; cells; complications; control; days; diagnosis; differential; disease; dogs; epizootiology; et al; etiology; findings; heartworm; host; hypothyroidism; infection; laboratory; lesions; months; pathogenesis; prevention; puppies; research; result; setting; signs; skin; stage; studies; study; systemic; therapy; tick; time; tissue; transmission; treatment; tumors; use; veterinary; weeks; weight; wound cache: cord-021453-vf8xbaug.txt plain text: cord-021453-vf8xbaug.txt item: #147 of 647 id: cord-021465-2pj26fmv author: PERDUE, MICHAEL L. title: Impact of Avian Viruses date: 2007-05-09 words: 14079 flesch: 42 summary: The isolation and classification of tern virus influenza virus A/tern/South Africa/1961 Close relationship between mink influenza (H10N4) and concomitantly circulating avian influenza viruses Spread of Marek's disease Proteolytic cleavage of influenza virus hemagglutinins: Primary structure of the connecting peptide between HA1 and HA2 determines proteolytic cleavability and pathogenicity of Avian influenza viruses Duck plague Avian encephalomyelitis Diseases of Poultry Diseases of Poultry Infectious bronchitis virus: Evidence for recombination within the Massachusetts serotype Revision of the taxonomy of the Coronavirus, Torovirus and Arterivirus genera An outbreak of disease due to chicken anemia agent in broiler chickens in England Outbreak of virulent infectious bursal disease in East Anglia Retroviridae: The viruses and their replication Evaluation of the molecular basis of pathogenicity of the variant Newcastle disease viruses termed pigeon PMV-I viruses Mass survival of birds across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary: Molecular evidence Infectious laryngotracheitis in peafowl and pheasants Exogenous and endogenous leukosis virus genes: A review Propagation and preliminary characterization of a chicken candidate calicivirus Studies on Australian infectious bronchitis virus, IV: Apparent farm-to-farm airborne transmission of infectious bronchitis Significance of parvoviruses, entero-like viruses and reoviruses in the aetiology of the chicken maladsorption syndrome The relationship between quail bronchitis virus and chicken embryo lethal orphan virus Avian influenza in Pennsylvania: The most imminent and significant human public health concerns with regard to bird viruses appear to be twofold: keywords: avian; birds; chickens; commercial; disease; host; human; infections; influenza; isolates; mortality; ndv; newcastle; poultry; species; strains; subtypes; transmission; turkeys; virulence; virus; viruses cache: cord-021465-2pj26fmv.txt plain text: cord-021465-2pj26fmv.txt item: #148 of 647 id: cord-021499-up5vftj4 author: Brayton, Cory title: Viral Infections date: 2007-09-02 words: 20933 flesch: 41 summary: Murine rotavirus-A/EDIM (commonly referred to as 'mouse rotavirus' or 'epizootic diarrhoea of infant mice virus') is a nonenveloped, segmented double-stranded RNA virus of the family Reoviridae, genus Rotavirus. Mouse thymic virus was detected during studies in which samples from mice were passaged in newborn mice. keywords: age; animals; antibodies; barthold; cells; colonies; council; disease; et al; immune; infection; inoculation; laboratory; laboratory mice; lesions; materials; mhv; mice; mouse; mpv; murine; national; research; research council; results; strains; virus; viruses; weeks cache: cord-021499-up5vftj4.txt plain text: cord-021499-up5vftj4.txt item: #149 of 647 id: cord-021552-6jbm869r author: HURST, CHRISTON J. title: Relationship Between Humans and Their Viruses date: 2007-05-09 words: 7829 flesch: 40 summary: Evasion of host defenses ~ uncertain, but may include avoiding host immune defenses by infecting immune cells. Evasion of host defenses ~ avoids host immune defenses by infecting immune cells. keywords: contact; course; genus; host; humans; infection; level; organ; tissue; tropisms; viruses cache: cord-021552-6jbm869r.txt plain text: cord-021552-6jbm869r.txt item: #150 of 647 id: cord-021555-rrverrsj author: Delano, Margaret L. title: Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, and Cattle date: 2007-09-02 words: 71795 flesch: 48 summary: In less severe outbreaks or individual animal disease, definitive diagnosis may never be made. Therefore, they should be housed in groups or at least within eyesight and hearing of other animals. keywords: abortion; acute; addition; adult; age; animals; areas; blood; body; bovine; breeding; breeds; calves; cases; cattle; cause; cells; chronic; colostrum; condition; control; copper; cows; dairy; days; death; diagnosis; diarrhea; differential; disease; edema; environment; epizootiology; etiology; ewes; feces; feed; fever; findings; flock; form; gastrointestinal; goats; herd; host; immunity; infection; kids; lambs; lesions; levels; liver; loss; management; mastitis; milk; months; mortality; necropsy; organism; pathogenesis; period; pregnancy; prevention; production; research; result; rumen; ruminants; sheep; signs; skin; species; states; time; tissues; tract; transmission; treatment; type; united; vaccination; vaccine; viral; virus; water; weeks; weight; young cache: cord-021555-rrverrsj.txt plain text: cord-021555-rrverrsj.txt item: #151 of 647 id: cord-021571-7kbq0v9w author: Heath, Joan A. title: Infections Acquired in the Nursery: Epidemiology and Control date: 2009-05-19 words: 21253 flesch: 30 summary: Because control over birth weight-the most significant predictor of nosocomial infection risk-is limited, proper NICU customs, environment, and procedures (e.g., hand hygiene, antimicrobial usage, catheter-related practices, skin and cord care, visitation policies, unit design, and staffing) can reduce the risk for infection in the NICU. This chapter describes the epidemiology, etiology, and clinical characteristics of neonatal nosocomial infections as well as the methods required for effective infection prevention and control. keywords: birth; bloodstream; breast; care; care unit; catheter; colonization; contact; control; data; hand; hcws; hospital; hygiene; infants; infection; infection control; milk; neonatal; neonates; nicu; nosocomial; nursery; outbreak; patient; pneumonia; precautions; rates; respiratory; risk; study; transmission; unit; use; weight cache: cord-021571-7kbq0v9w.txt plain text: cord-021571-7kbq0v9w.txt item: #152 of 647 id: cord-021588-ec7udsmw author: Craighead, John E. title: Enteric Viral Disease date: 2007-05-09 words: 3479 flesch: 38 summary: Experimentally induced rotavirus infection in gnotobiotic piglets. An outbreak of rotavirus infection in a geriatric hospital Acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis: Intestinal histopathology. keywords: children; disease; et al; infection; rotavirus; viruses cache: cord-021588-ec7udsmw.txt plain text: cord-021588-ec7udsmw.txt item: #153 of 647 id: cord-021596-5s8lksxp author: Colegrove, Kathleen M. title: Pinnipediae date: 2018-10-26 words: 10419 flesch: 34 summary: Hormone induced morphologic changes are noted in the reproductive tract during different periods of the reproductive cycle and have been reviewed in CSLs by Colegrove et al. (2009c) . Alterations in p53, the heparanase 2 (HPSE2) gene, endogenous hormones, and contaminants that interact with steroid hormone receptor have all been postulated as other potential factors involved in UGC (Browning et al., 2015; Colegrove et al., 2009b) . keywords: acid; animals; california; california sea; californianus; csls; disease; et al; exposure; fig; fur; harbor; infection; lesions; lions; mammals; marine; pcr; phoca; pinnipeds; ranging; seals; species; virus; vitulina; zalophus cache: cord-021596-5s8lksxp.txt plain text: cord-021596-5s8lksxp.txt item: #154 of 647 id: cord-021770-zn7na974 author: Slifka, Mark K. title: Passive Immunization date: 2017-07-17 words: 12151 flesch: 13 summary: Euro Surveill Emergence of new forms of totally drug-resistant tuberculosis bacilli: super extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis or totally drug-resistant strains in iran Serum therapy for tuberculosis revisited: reappraisal of the role of antibody-mediated immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis The treatment of tuberculosis by injections of immunized blood serum The antitoxic and bactericidal properties of the serum of horses treated with Koch's new tuberculin A further report on the use of anti-phthisic serum T.R. (Fisch) in tuberculosis Malignant lymphomas in transplantation patients Effect of cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with immunoglobulin or with antiviral drugs on post-transplant non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a multicentre retrospective analysis Pharmacokinetics of viral antibodies after administration of intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or multiple myeloma Passive immunization with the anti-HIV-1 human monoclonal antibody (hMAb) 4E10 and the hMAb combination 4E10/2F5/2G12 Delay of HIV-1 rebound after cessation of antiretroviral therapy through passive transfer of human neutralizing antibodies Adjunctive passive immunotherapy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals treated with antiviral therapy during acute and early infection Antibodies in HIV-1 vaccine development and therapy Structural insights on the role of antibodies in HIV-1 vaccine and therapy Viraemia suppressed in HIV-1-infected humans by broadly neutralizing antibody 3BNC117 Therapeutic efficacy of potent neutralizing HIV-1-specific monoclonal antibodies in SHIV-infected rhesus monkeys Phylogeographical analysis of the dominant multidrug-resistant H58 clade of Salmonella Typhi identifies inter-and intracontinental transmission events Recurrent challenges for clinicians: emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistance, and current treatment options Current and future treatment options for infections caused by multidrugresistant gram-negative pathogens A novel investigational Fc-modified humanized monoclonal antibody, motavizumab-YTE, has an extended half-life in healthy adults Monoclonal antibody therapies against anthrax Raxibacumab for the treatment of inhalational anthrax The serum treatment of anthrax septicaemia The local and general serum treatment of cutaneous anthrax Protection against botulinum toxins provided by passive immunization with botulinum human immune globulin: evaluation using an inhalation model Botulinum neurotoxin neutralizing activity of immune globulin (IG) purified from clinical volunteers vaccinated with recombinant botulinum vaccine (rBV A/B) Antibody protection against botulinum neurotoxin intoxication in mice Equine antitoxin use and other factors that predict outcome in type A foodborne botulism Human botulism immune globulin for the treatment of infant botulism Early antitoxin treatment in wound botulism results in better outcome Infant botulism: a 30-year experience spanning the introduction of botulism immune globulin intravenous in the intensive care unit at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Identification of a human monoclonal antibody to replace equine diphtheria antitoxin for treatment of diphtheria intoxication The therapeutic effect of homologous and heterologous antitoxins in experimental diphtheria and tetanus Importance of intravenous injection of diphtheria antiserum The recent epidemic of diphtheria in the Johns Hopkins hospital and medical school: General procedures adopted Use of diphtheria antitoxin in the treatment and prevention of diphtheria Diphtheritic polyneuropathy: a clinical study and comparison with Guillain-Barre syndrome Mice are actively immunized after passive monoclonal antibody prophylaxis and ricin toxin challenge Conformation-dependent highaffinity potent ricin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies Characteristics of toxin-neutralization by anti-tetanus human monoclonal antibodies directed against the three functional domains Although neutralization escape mutants are a valid concern when using monoclonal antibody therapy, 38,39 this has not yet been a major problem during clinical use of palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). keywords: antibodies; antibody; clinical; days; disease; human; immune; immunity; immunization; immunoglobulin; immunotherapy; infection; mice; monoclonal; monoclonal antibodies; passive; patients; protection; serum; specific; study; therapy; treatment; use; vaccine; virus cache: cord-021770-zn7na974.txt plain text: cord-021770-zn7na974.txt item: #155 of 647 id: cord-021966-5m21bsrw author: Shaw, Alan R. title: Vaccines date: 2009-05-15 words: 21179 flesch: 27 summary: 67 n NeW ANTIGeN dISCOVeRy MeThOdS n Historically, vaccine antigens were not discovered in the literal sense. The history of vaccine development is rich with immunologic insights that emerged from careful observations of how diseases spread in populations and how such spread differs in disease-naïve and experienced populations, as well as of how innovative experimental approaches revealed fundamental aspects of immune system function. keywords: adjuvant; antibody; antigens; cell; development; disease; dna; efforts; gene; hiv; host; human; immunity; immunization; individuals; infection; live; number; pathogen; protection; protein; responses; rotavirus; safety; studies; use; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine development; vectors; virus cache: cord-021966-5m21bsrw.txt plain text: cord-021966-5m21bsrw.txt item: #156 of 647 id: cord-021977-yu0hrg6h author: Pham, Phuong-Thu T. title: Medical Management of the Kidney Transplant Recipient: Infections and Malignant Neoplasms date: 2010-12-27 words: 6931 flesch: 30 summary: CMV infection occurs primarily after the first month of transplantation and continues to be a significant cause of morbidity in the first 6 months after organ transplantation through both direct and indirect effects. CMV infection may be asymptomatic, presenting as a mononucleosis-like syndrome or influenza-like illness with fever and leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, or a severe systemic disease. keywords: cmv; disease; immunosuppression; infections; months; patients; ptld; recipients; renal; risk; therapy; transplantation; treatment cache: cord-021977-yu0hrg6h.txt plain text: cord-021977-yu0hrg6h.txt item: #157 of 647 id: cord-022084-hap7flng author: ARRUDA, EURICO title: Respiratory Tract Viral Infections date: 2009-05-15 words: 19198 flesch: 38 summary: Although a HMPV vaccine is not available at this time, the demonstration that hamsters, ferrets, and African green monkeys are susceptible to infection by HMPV, and that hamsters vaccinated with serotype A The epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infection in young children: Comparison of findings from several developing countries Report of a workshop on respiratory viral infections: Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention Acute respiratory viral infections in ambulatory children of urban northeast Brazil Longitudinal studies of infectious diseases and physical growth of infants in Huascar, an underprivileged peri-urban community in At the edge of Development: Health Crises in a Transitional Society Epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children of developing countries Pan American Health Organization: Acute respiratory infections in the Americas The magnitude of mortality from acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years in developing countries Acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients with diarrhea in Dhaka Day-care center attendance and hospitalization for lower respiratory tract illness Viral respiratory infections in young children attending day care in urban Northeast Brazil Epidemiology and seasonality of respiratory tract virus infections in the tropics The cultural context of breastfeeding: Perspectives on the recent decline in breast-feeding in Northeast and Northcentral Brazil Reduced mortality among children in Southern India receiving a small weekly dose of vitamin A Search for a solution: Blending oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and popular medicine Pathogenesis of respiratory infections due to influenza virus: Implications for developing countries Respiratory viruses predisposing to bacterial infections: Role of neuraminidase Influenza: Emergence and control Orthomyxoviridae: The viruses and their replication Influenza virus Viral vaccines for the prevention of childhood pneumonia in developing nations: Priorities and prospects The effect of influenza on hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and courses of antibiotics in children Etiology of acute respiratory infections in children in tropical southern India A community-based study of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children Etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children from Alabang, Metro Manilla Outbreak of influenza type A (H1N1) in Iporanga Antigenic and genomic relation between human influenza viruses that circulated in Argentina in the period 1995-1999 and the corresponding vaccine components Regional perspectives on influenza surveillance in Africa H5N1 influenza: A protean pandemic threat Influenza type A and B infections in hospitalized pediatric patients Influenza viruses, cell enzymes, and pathogenicity Detection of influenza virus by centrifugal inoculation of MDCK cells and staining with monoclonal antibodies Rapid detection and simultaneous subtype differentiation of influenza A viruses by real time PCR Rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosis of infections by influenza A and influenza B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4 Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication Efficacy and safety of the neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivir in the treatment of influenzavirus infections Resistant influenza 31 Up to 50% of influenza virus infections in adults are subclinical. keywords: acute; adults; age; cause; cell; children; clinical; cov; days; detection; disease; hcov; hmpv; hrv; human; illness; infants; infections; influenza; patients; pcr; rna; rsv; sars; studies; tract; tropical; vaccine; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-022084-hap7flng.txt plain text: cord-022084-hap7flng.txt item: #158 of 647 id: cord-022103-4zk8i6qb author: Siegel, Jane D. title: Pediatric Healthcare Epidemiology date: 2017-07-18 words: 12636 flesch: 23 summary: A systematic evaluation Outbreak of extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit linked to artificial nails Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review of risk factors and environmental sources Preventing the spread of pertussis in pediatric healthcare settings Healthcare providers as sources of vaccine-preventable diseases Respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia Multicenter evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray gastrointestinal panel for etiologic diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis The prevalence and molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization in a pediatric intensive care unit Recognition and prevention of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in the intensive care unit Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bloodstream infections in a European tertiary pediatric hospital during a 12-month period Trends in Candida central line-associated bloodstream infections among NICUs Clinical practice guideline for the management of candidiasis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America Empiric antifungal therapy and outcomes in extremely-low-birth-weight infants with invasive candidiasis Necessary infrastructure of infection prevention and healthcare epidemiology programs: a review Patient safety: infection control: a problem for patient safety Guidance for infection prevention and healthcare epidemiology programs: healthcare epidemiologist skills and competencies New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-producing carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli associated with exposure to duodenoscopes Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone injections The scientific basis for using surveillance and risk factor data to reduce nosocomial infection rates Feeding back surveillance data to prevent hospital-acquired infections Statistical process control as a tool for research and healthcare improvement National Healthcare Safety Network report, data summary for 2013, device-associated module Lack of patient understanding of hospitalacquired infection data published on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare website Compliance with prevention practices and their association with central line-associated blood stream infections in neonantal intensive care units Guidance on public reporting of healthcareassociated infections: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee Reconsidering contact precautions for endemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Approaches for preventing healthcareassociated infections: go long or go wide? Oversight of risk assessment and implementation of preventive measures associated with construction, renovation, and other environmental conditions associated with increased infection risk 6. keywords: agents; children; contact; control; exposure; facilities; hais; hcp; healthcare; hospital; infection; influenza; ipc; pathogens; patients; pediatric; precautions; prevention; recommendations; risk; safety; settings; transmission; use; virus cache: cord-022103-4zk8i6qb.txt plain text: cord-022103-4zk8i6qb.txt item: #159 of 647 id: cord-022119-bzd9e1q6 author: Orzell, Susannah title: Pharyngitis and Pharyngeal Space Infections: fever, sore throat, difficulty swallowing date: 2018-10-15 words: 7316 flesch: 42 summary: Deep neck space infections can also extend directly into the mediastinum or the lungs causing life-threatening mediastinitis or pneumonia, underscoring the importance of early recognition and treatment. For example, dental infections are the most common source and predisposing factor for deep neck space infections in adults, but tonsillitis and pharyngitis are the most common predisposing factor among children [10] [11] [12] . keywords: abscesses; airway; antibiotics; diagnosis; infection; neck; neck space; parapharyngeal; patients; pharyngitis; space; throat; treatment cache: cord-022119-bzd9e1q6.txt plain text: cord-022119-bzd9e1q6.txt item: #160 of 647 id: cord-022122-6ssdamhp author: Berry, Winter S. title: Otitis, Sinusitis, and Mastoiditis: Ear or Facial Pain Following a Common Cold date: 2018-10-15 words: 7017 flesch: 39 summary: Not unexpectedly, the common causes of sinus infections are nearly identical to the list of pathogens that cause AOM since both processes arise from bacteria that normally inhabit the human upper respiratory tract at low concentrations. Rates of viral, bacterial, and mixed culture results from middle ear effusion vary significantly across those studies with rates of bacterial infection ranging between 50% and 90% of all AOM. keywords: acute; antibiotic; aom; disease; ear; infection; mastoiditis; middle; otitis; symptoms; treatment cache: cord-022122-6ssdamhp.txt plain text: cord-022122-6ssdamhp.txt item: #161 of 647 id: cord-022163-7klzsrpu author: Broder, Christopher C. title: Henipaviruses date: 2016-09-09 words: 14473 flesch: 32 summary: The natural history of Hendra and Nipah viruses Epidemiological perspectives on Hendra virus infection in horses and fl ying foxes Mumps virus replication in human lymphoid cell lines and in peripheral blood lymphocytes: preference for T cells Combined chloroquine and ribavirin treatment does not prevent death in a hamster model of Nipah and Hendra virus infection Ephrin-B2 selectively marks arterial vessels and neovascularization sites in the adult, with expression in both endothelial and smooth-muscle cells Development of an acute and highly pathogenic nonhuman primate model of Nipah virus infection Animal challenge models of Henipavirus infection and pathogenesis Therapeutic treatment of Nipah virus infection in nonhuman primates with a neutralizing human monoclonal antibody Poly(I)-poly(C12U) but not ribavirin prevents death in a hamster model of Nipah virus infection Relevance of CD6-mediated interactions in T cell activation and proliferation Clinical features of Nipah virus encephalitis among pig farmers in Malaysia Elucidation of Nipah virus morphogenesis and replication using ultrastructural and molecular approaches Nipah virus: vaccination and passive protection studies in a hamster model Antibody prophylaxis and therapy against Nipah virus infection in Hamsters Acute Hendra virus infection: analysis of the pathogenesis and passive antibody protection in the hamster model Pteropid bats are confi rmed as the reservoir hosts of henipaviruses: a comprehensive experimental study of virus transmission Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus Interaction between chicken lymphocytes and Newcastle disease virus Genetic characterization of Nipah virus Molecular characterization of Nipah virus, a newly emergent paramyxovirus Paramyxovirus assembly and budding: building particles that transmit infections Serologic evidence of Nipah virus infection in bats Evidence of henipavirus infection in West African fruit bats Antibodies to henipavirus or henipa-like viruses in domestic pigs in Ghana, West Africa Nipah virus outbreak with person-to-person transmission in a district of Bangladesh Cluster of Nipah virus infection Comparative pathology of the diseases caused by Hendra and Nipah viruses The retrospective diagnosis of a second outbreak of equine morbillivirus infection Nipah virus encephalitis reemergence Ultrastructure of Hendra virus and Nipah virus within cultured cells and host animals Henipavirus and Tioman virus antibodies in pteropodid bats Replication and persistence of measles virus in defi ned subpopulations of human leukocytes Newcastle disease virus-vectored Nipah encephalitis vaccines induce B and T cell responses in mice and long-lasting neutralizing antibodies in pigs Virus infections in the nervous system Effects of canine distemper virus infection on lymphoid function in vitro and in vivo Rhabdovirus-based vaccine platforms against Henipaviruses Eph, a protein family coming of age: more confusion, insight, or complexity? Fields virology Modes of paramyxovirus fusion: a Henipavirus perspective Experimental inoculation study indicates swine as a potential host for Hendra virus Antibodies to Nipah or Nipah-like viruses in bats Single-dose replication-defective VSV-based Nipah virus vaccines provide protection from lethal challenge in Syrian hamsters Structural pathways for macromolecular and cellular transport across the blood-brain barrier during infl ammatory conditions The pandemic potential of Nipah virus Paramyxoviruses: henipaviruses Epidemiology of henipavirus disease in humans Transmission of human infection with Nipah virus Recurrent zoonotic transmission of Nipah virus into humans Hendra virus: an emerging paramyxovirus in Australia Experimental infection of squirrel monkeys with Nipah virus Cedar virus: a novel Henipavirus isolated from Australian bats Experimental infection of horses with Hendra virus/australia/horse/2008/redlands Genome sequence conservation of Hendra virus isolates during spillover to horses Nipah virus uses leukocytes for effi cient dissemination within a host A recombinant subunit vaccine formulation protects against lethal Nipah virus challenge in cats Illuminating viral infections in the nervous system Henipavirus microsphere immuno-assays for detection of antibodies against Hendra virus Endocytosis plays a critical role in proteolytic processing of the Hendra virus fusion protein Hendra virus vaccine, a one health approach to protecting horse, human, and environmental health Experimental Nipah virus infection in pteropid bats (Pteropus poliocephalus) Henipaviruses in their natural animal hosts Experimental Nipah virus infection in pigs and cats A recombinant Hendra virus G glycoprotein subunit vaccine protects nonhuman primates against Hendra virus challenge Single injection recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccines protect ferrets against lethal Nipah virus disease Nipah virus infection of pigs in peninsular Malaysia Olfactory transmission of neurotropic viruses Feline model of acute Nipah virus infection and protection with a soluble glycoprotein-based subunit vaccine Rapid Nipah virus entry into the central nervous system of hamsters via the olfactory route A novel morbillivirus pneumonia of horses and its transmission to humans A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans EphrinB2 is the entry receptor for Nipah virus, an emergent deadly paramyxovirus Two key residues in ephrinB3 are critical for its use as an alternative receptor for Nipah virus TLR3 agonists as immunotherapeutic agents Fatal encephalitis due to novel paramyxovirus transmitted from horses Development, maintenance and disruption of the blood-brain barrier Cathepsin L is involved in proteolytic processing of the Hendra virus fusion protein Subcellular localization and calcium and pH requirements for proteolytic processing of the Hendra virus fusion protein Chloroquine administration does not prevent Nipah virus infection and disease in ferrets A recombinant Hendra virus G glycoprotein-based subunit vaccine protects ferrets from lethal Hendra virus challenge Eph-ephrin bidirectional signaling in physiology and disease Eph receptors and ephrins in cancer: bidirectional signalling and beyond Quantitative analysis of Nipah virus proteins released as virus-like particles reveals central role for the matrix protein The YPLGVG sequence of the Nipah virus matrix protein is required for budding Outbreak of Nipah-virus infection among abattoir workers in Singapore Henipavirus neutralising antibodies in an isolated island population of African fruit bats Continent-wide panmixia of an African fruit bat facilitates transmission of potentially zoonotic viruses Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa Human Hendra virus encephalitis associated with equine outbreak Protection against henipavirus infection by use of recombinant adenoassociated virus-vector vaccines Urban habituation, ecological connectivity and epidemic dampening: the emergence of Hendra virus from fl ying foxes (Pteropus spp.) keywords: acute; animals; bats; cell; challenge; cns; disease; encephalitis; et al; evidence; fusion; glycoprotein; hendra; henipavirus; hev; horses; human; infection; model; nipah; nipah virus; niv; outbreak; pigs; studies; vaccine; virus cache: cord-022163-7klzsrpu.txt plain text: cord-022163-7klzsrpu.txt item: #162 of 647 id: cord-022176-hprwqi4n author: Löscher, Thomas title: Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases date: 2009-07-28 words: 8292 flesch: 41 summary: Since then, several outbreaks of Nipah virus infections have been observed in Asian countries: Singapore in 1999, India 2001 , and Bangladesh since 2003 (WHO 2004a Harit et al. 2006) . WHO Regional Office for Europe Altitudinal distribution limit of the tick Ixodes ricinus shifted considerably towards higher altitudes in central Europe: results of three years monitoring in the Krkonose Mts Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection 1999: results of a household-based seroepidemiological survey Outbreak of West Nile virus infection Novel chikungunya virus variant in travelers returning from Indian Ocean islands Isolation of a cDNA from the virus responsible for enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis Infection with Chikungunya virus in Italy: an outbreak in a temperate region Waldarbeiter-Studie Berlin-Brandenburg 2000 zu zeckenübertragenen und andere Zoonosen Risikofaktoren für Lyme-Borreliose: Ergebnisse einer Studie in einem Brandenburger Landkreis übertrifft die Infektionszahlen der Vorjahre Zahl der Hantavirus-Erkrankungen erreichte 2007 in Deutschland einen neuen Höchststand Prevalence and determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection in preschool children: a population-based study from Germany Hantaviruses: a global disease problem Safety and efficacy of a recombinant hepatitis E vaccine Tick-borne diseases in the United States The National Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit (NCJDSU) Marburg virus infection detected in a common African bat Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes: worldwide emergence Multiple exposures during a norovirus outbreak on a river-cruise sailing through Europe Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in Hamburg blood donors Nipah virus outbreaks in Bangladesh Revision of the International Health regulations Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24 179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study Large outbreak of norovirus: The baker who should have known better Epidemiology of drugresistant malaria Nipah virus infection in bats (order Chiroptera) in peninsular Malaysia keywords: cases; control; countries; disease; epidemics; health; infections; new; outbreaks; patients; resistance; spread; transmission; treatment; united; virus; years cache: cord-022176-hprwqi4n.txt plain text: cord-022176-hprwqi4n.txt item: #163 of 647 id: cord-022203-t2f0vr1w author: Dowers, Kristy L title: The pyrexic cat date: 2009-05-15 words: 8911 flesch: 50 summary: However, some cats do not develop detectable IgM titers, and in other cats, positive IgM titers can persist for months to years after infection. The condition, however, does not appear to be contagious to other cats. keywords: anorexia; blood; cats; chronic; days; depression; diagnosis; disease; fever; infection; signs; tissue; treatment cache: cord-022203-t2f0vr1w.txt plain text: cord-022203-t2f0vr1w.txt item: #164 of 647 id: cord-022252-9yiuuye3 author: Mims, Cedric A. title: Mechanisms of Cell and Tissue Damage date: 2013-11-17 words: 28876 flesch: 45 summary: Mycoplasma (see Table A .2) can grow in special cell-free media, but in the infected individual they generally multiply while attached to the surface of host cells. to host cells and tissues, but α-toxin is easily the most important one. keywords: action; activity; antibodies; antibody; antigen; bacteria; blood; cause; cells; changes; complexes; damage; death; diarrhoea; disease; endotoxin; example; factor; fever; fig; fluid; host; human; immune; infected; infection; liver; man; membrane; mice; protein; release; response; skin; staphylococcal; tissue; toxin; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-022252-9yiuuye3.txt plain text: cord-022252-9yiuuye3.txt item: #165 of 647 id: cord-022254-8y5sq72c author: Nathanson, Neal title: IMMUNOSUPPRESSION AND VIRUS INFECTION OF RODENTS date: 2012-12-02 words: 3211 flesch: 25 summary: Adverse effects of interferon in virus infection, autoimmune diseases and acquired immunodeficiency Selective effects of antimacrophage serum, silica, and antilymphocyte serum on pathogenesis of herpes virus infection of young adult mice Modifications by sodium aurothio-malate of the expression of virulence by defined strains of Semliki Forest virus Use of silica to identify host mechanisms involved in suppression of established Friend virus leukemia Beneficial effect of cyclosporin A on the lymphocytic choriomengitis virus infection in mice Modulation by cyclosporin A of murine natural resistance against herpes simplex virus infection. The recent development of methods for the cloning of T cells and the culture of T cell lines (88) (89) (90) (91) (92) , has made it possible to study the effect of specific T cell subsets upon virus infection (93) (94) (95) (96) . keywords: animals; antibodies; cells; immune; infection; mice; response; virus cache: cord-022254-8y5sq72c.txt plain text: cord-022254-8y5sq72c.txt item: #166 of 647 id: cord-022305-uvor9rts author: Jacoby, Robert O. title: Viral Diseases date: 2013-11-17 words: 15864 flesch: 42 summary: Significance as a research complication and experimental production with Mycoplasma pulmonis Enteric trans mission of parvoviruses: Pathogenesis of rat virus infection in adult rats LCM disease of the adult rat: Morphological alterations of the brain Study of virus isolated from a chloroleukemic Wistar rat Cytomegalic inclusion disease of lacrimai glands in male laboratory rats An epizootic of Sendai virus infection in a rat colony Rat virus, an agent with an affinity for the dividing cell Hydroencephalus in hamsters, ferrets, rats and mice following incoulations with reovirus type 1. II. A virus from mammary tissue of rats treated with X-ray or methylcholanthrene (MC) Experimental infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in newborn rats: Effects of treatment with iododeoxyuridine and cytosine arabinoside Hemadsorption and related studies on the hamster-osteolytic viruses Enzootic Sendai infection in laboratory hamsters Isolation and growth of rat cytomegalovirus in vitro Intranuclear inclusions in rattus (Mastomys) natalensis infected with rat virus Studies on the natural infection of rats with the Kilham rat virus Seroepidemiological study of rat virus infection in a closed laboratory col ony The pathogenesis of Sendai virus infection in the mouse lung keywords: agent; antibody; cells; colonies; days; disease; fig; glands; infection; laboratory; lesions; mice; natural; pneumonia; rat virus; rats; rcv; sdav; sendai; sendai virus; signs; studies; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-022305-uvor9rts.txt plain text: cord-022305-uvor9rts.txt item: #167 of 647 id: cord-022337-f3a349cb author: Busse, William W. title: Infections date: 2007-05-09 words: 7609 flesch: 35 summary: Over 2 years, there were 102 confirmed viral respiratory infections and 139 episodes of wheezing; 58 episodes (42%) of wheezing occurred in relationship to viral respiratory infections, of which RSV was the most prevalent and likely to provoke asthma. In these children, the presence of allergy, i.e. positive radioallergosorbant test (RAST) values, and not passive cigarette smoke exposure, was the dominant risk factor for wheezing with viral respiratory infections. keywords: age; airway; asthma; children; function; infections; relationship; response; rhinovirus; viruses; wheezing; years cache: cord-022337-f3a349cb.txt plain text: cord-022337-f3a349cb.txt item: #168 of 647 id: cord-022380-49oti4zg author: Panlilio, Adelisa L title: Occupational Infectious Diseases date: 2009-05-15 words: 15593 flesch: 39 summary: To the extent that unsafe practices have been defined, and practice policies modified to reduce infection risk, continued transmission often represents failure to follow accepted standards. Recognition of the types of infection risk associated with specific occupations can, in most cases, lead to effective, often simple steps for primary prevention, as well as opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment. keywords: adults; blood; children; contact; control; days; disease; exposure; hcv; healthcare; hepatitis; hiv; immunization; infection; influenza; patients; personnel; persons; risk; transmission; treatment; vaccine; virus; workers cache: cord-022380-49oti4zg.txt plain text: cord-022380-49oti4zg.txt item: #169 of 647 id: cord-022383-pz0htccp author: Kohn, Dennis F. title: Biology and Diseases of Rats date: 2013-11-17 words: 20192 flesch: 48 summary: It must, there- fore, be assumed that seropositive rats are persistently infected and can serve as a source of infection to other rats. Attempts to induce the disease in other rats with this agent have yielded inconsistent results (Fox et al, 1977) . keywords: agents; animals; antibody; cause; cell; clinical; colonies; colony; days; diagnosis; disease; epithelium; females; fig; glands; host; infected; infection; laboratory; laboratory rats; lesions; lung; mice; mouse; mycoplasma; number; organism; pulmonis; rats; research; sdav; sendai; signs; species; stocks; strains; studies; tract; tumors; virus; water cache: cord-022383-pz0htccp.txt plain text: cord-022383-pz0htccp.txt item: #170 of 647 id: cord-022393-s26d54ew author: E. Newcomer, Christian title: Zoonoses and Other Human Health Hazards date: 2007-09-02 words: 17048 flesch: 33 summary: The biomedical literature contains numerous reports of zoonotic diseases and parasitic infestations from laboratory mice and their wild counterparts. Wild caught mice that are maintained in naturalistic housing environments in the laboratory, laboratory mice that have contact with wild or feral mice, and mice kept as pets in the home environment are examples of animal management conditions that would be conducive to the expression and transmission of zoonotic diseases and other mouse-associated hazards. keywords: allergen; allergy; animal; bite; cases; choriomeningitis; colonies; disease; et al; exposure; fever; health; host; humans; individuals; infection; laboratory; laboratory animal; laboratory mice; lcmv; mice; mite; moniliformis; mouse; patients; personnel; research; risk; rodents; salmonella; species; studies; symptoms; transmission; virus; wild cache: cord-022393-s26d54ew.txt plain text: cord-022393-s26d54ew.txt item: #171 of 647 id: cord-022399-66mzbynu author: Hopkins, Graham title: Basic microbiology date: 2009-05-15 words: 8603 flesch: 48 summary: Such cells have inclusions like nuclei and an endoplasmic reticulum. Its numbers are kept in check by the presence of other organisms but as it is resistant to many antibiotics it can gain dominance if the surrounding organisms are suppressed. keywords: agents; bacteria; body; cause; cell; conjunctivitis; contact; eye; form; host; infection; membrane; organisms; species; viruses cache: cord-022399-66mzbynu.txt plain text: cord-022399-66mzbynu.txt item: #172 of 647 id: cord-022453-xe5v7947 author: BABIUK, L.A. title: Viral Gastroenteritis in Ruminants date: 2013-11-17 words: 4841 flesch: 42 summary: Since they also appear to be relatively resistant to virus infection the disease is often self-limiting if dehydration is not so significant as to cause death (Woode, 1982; Garwes, 1982) . It should be stressed that although the degree of villous damage may be influenced by the virulence of the virus and the immunological status of the animal, the rate of regeneration of enterocytes and enterocyte maturation may also vary with the age of the animal and the site of virus infection. keywords: animals; cells; diarrhea; infection; rotavirus; virus; viruses cache: cord-022453-xe5v7947.txt plain text: cord-022453-xe5v7947.txt item: #173 of 647 id: cord-022472-q2qtl26d author: Fishman, Jay A. title: Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients date: 2009-05-15 words: 10762 flesch: 32 summary: Fever and neutropenia syndrome with features of infectious mononucleosis, including hepatitis, nephritis, leukopenia, and/or thrombocytopenia • Pneumonia • Gastrointestinal invasion with colitis, esophagitis, gastritis, ulcers, bleeding, or perforation • Hepatitis, pancreatitis, chorioretinitis With the exception of chorioretinitis, the direct clinical manifestations of CMV infection usually occur 1 to 4 months after transplantation; chorioretinitis usually does not begin until later in the transplant course. CMV infection produces a profound suppression of a variety of host defenses, predisposing to secondary invasion by such pathogens as P. jiroveci, Candida and Aspergillus species, and some bacterial infections. keywords: agents; clinical; cmv; diagnosis; disease; donor; ebv; infection; organ; patients; prophylaxis; recipients; rejection; renal; risk; suppression; therapy; transplant; transplantation; virus cache: cord-022472-q2qtl26d.txt plain text: cord-022472-q2qtl26d.txt item: #174 of 647 id: cord-022501-9wnmdvg5 author: None title: P1460 – P1884 date: 2015-12-28 words: 128422 flesch: 46 summary: In the first half-year of 2005 family doctors most often prescribed penicyllins -(44.8%), makrolids -(27.1%), cephalosporins -(12.5%), tetracyclins -(9.4%) and lincozamidsbased (3.1%) treatments Specialist doctors, on the other hand, prescribed penicllins (41.7%), makrolids (17.9%), cephalosporins (17.7%), tetracyclins (12.1%), lincozamids (5.2%) and chinolons (3%). State-wide antibiotic consumption in the AC setting during the same time was 12 DID (~85% of total consumption). keywords: acid; activity; acute; aeruginosa; agar; age; agents; aim; analysis; antibiotic; antimicrobial; assay; aureus; bacteria; beta; blood; care; cases; cause; cfu; children; ciprofloxacin; clinical; coli; common; community; concentrations; conclusion; consumption; control; cost; culture; daily; data; days; detection; diagnosis; diarrhoea; differences; different; difficile; disease; distribution; dna; dose; drug; duration; effect; efficacy; erythromycin; factors; faecium; following; frequency; gene; gram; group; guidelines; health; hospital; hours; human; identification; imipenem; incidence; increase; infections; information; isolates; laboratory; level; levofloxacin; linezolid; mean; medical; meningitis; methicillin; methods; mic; mics; model; months; mortality; moxifloxacin; mrsa; n =; negative; new; non; number; objectives; pathogens; patients; pcr; penicillin; period; phenotype; pneumoniae; population; positive; presence; prevalence; protein; range; rates; resistance; respiratory; results; risk; s. aureus; samples; sequence; sequencing; serum; skin; species; specific; specimens; spectrum; spp; standard; staphylococcus; strains; streptococcus; studies; study; subjects; susceptibility; susceptible; test; tetracycline; therapy; tigecycline; time; tissue; total; toxin; tract; treatment; type; use; values; vancomycin; vitro; years cache: cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt plain text: cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt item: #175 of 647 id: cord-022520-ebj51v9o author: Marini, Robert P. title: Biology and Diseases of Ferrets date: 2007-09-02 words: 19517 flesch: 43 summary: Paper presented at the 90th Meeting of the American Veterinary Medical Association Salmonella infections in mink and ferrets The experimental transmission of a virus causing hypergammagloblinemia in mink: sources and modes in infection Meningeal cryptococcosis and congestive cardiomyopathy in a ferret The Biomedical Use of Ferrets in Research The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals Endocrine factors in hematological changes seen in dogs and ferrets given estrogens Cryptosporidiosis in the dog and cat Dematologic diseases Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery A Practitioner's Guide to Rabbits and Ferrets Recurrent Mycobacterium bovis infection following a ferret bite Cell mediated immunity in ferrets: delayed dermal hypersensitivity, lymphocyte transformation, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor production Experimental transmission of Aleutian disease with urine Enteric coccidial infections Heartworm infections Treatment of proliferative colitis in ferrets Current Veterinary Therapy 11 Haematological and serum chemistry profiles of ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) Biology and Diseases of the Ferret Cutaneous lymphoma in a ferret (Mustela putoriusfuro) The pathogenesis, pathology, and diagnosis of the disease in experimentally infected ferrets The Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals Derivation of gnotobiotic ferrets: perinatal diet and hand-rearing requirements Lack of detectable blood groups in domestic ferrets: implications for transfusion Distribution of technetium 99m-labeled red blood cells during isoflurane anesthesia in ferrets Ranitidine-bismuth citrate and clarithromycin, alone or in combination, for eradication of Helicobacter mustelae infection in ferrets The effect of isoflurane on hematologic variables in ferrets The Biomedical Use of Ferrets in Research Congenital malformations and variations in reproductive performance in the ferret: effects of maternal age, color, and parity Dirofilariasis in a ferret Dirofilariasis in a ferret Use of the ferret in cardiovascular research Current Therapy in Theriogenology Soft tissue surgery Demodiciasis in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) keywords: age; animals; associated; cases; cause; cell; chronic; control; days; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; estrus; et al; ferrets; findings; fox; fox et; gastric; helicobacter; infection; jills; kits; lesions; mink; mustelae; necropsy; research; signs; skin; species; transmission; treatment; use; virus; weeks; weight cache: cord-022520-ebj51v9o.txt plain text: cord-022520-ebj51v9o.txt item: #176 of 647 id: cord-022521-r72jtoso author: Miller, Tracie L. title: Gastrointestinal Complications of Secondary Immunodeficiency Syndromes date: 2010-12-27 words: 13743 flesch: 30 summary: Ganciclovir: an update of its use in the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in transplant recipients Safety and efficacy of prolonged cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with intravenous ganciclovir in pediatric and young adult lung transplant recipients Hepatitis B in the HIV-coinfected patient Hepatitis B or hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus infection Influence of HIV infection on the response to interferon therapy and the long-term outcome of chronic hepatitis B Effect of duration of hepatitis B virus infection on the association between human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and hepatitis B viral replication Hepatitis B virus infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Adolescent human immunodeficiency virus infection and gastrointestinal disease Effect of HIV co-infection on mutation patterns of HBV in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis Hepatitis B in HIV patients: What is the current treatment and what are the challenges? Diagnosis and management of hepatitis B virus and HIV coinfection Hepatitis C in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: diagnosis, natural history, meta-analysis of sexual and vertical transmission, and therapeutic issues Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus and HIV infections: A possible interaction Coinfection with HIV-1 and HCV -a one-two punch HIV and hepatitis C coinfection Protection against persistence of hepatitis C Later, in 1984, 4 HIV-1 was determined to be the causative agent, and HIV-1 infection was recognized as a spectrum of disease, ranging from asymptomatic infection to full-blown AIDS. keywords: aids; associated; bacterial; cd4; cells; children; chronic; diarrhea; disease; function; gastrointestinal; haart; hepatitis; hiv-1; human; immunodeficiency; infection; malabsorption; patients; studies; therapy; tract; treatment; virus cache: cord-022521-r72jtoso.txt plain text: cord-022521-r72jtoso.txt item: #177 of 647 id: cord-022555-a7ie82fs author: None title: Digestive System, Liver, and Abdominal Cavity date: 2011-12-05 words: 66503 flesch: 46 summary: The worm is transmitted to other cats that ingest the vomitus of an infected cat. Other cats should not be allowed to ingest infected vomit. keywords: acute; anorexia; bile; biopsy; blood; bodies; body; bowel; cases; cats; cause; cell; chronic; days; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; dogs; esophageal; esophagus; examination; fecal; feces; feline; figure; findings; fluid; food; gastric; gastrointestinal; hepatic; hours; humans; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; lipidosis; liver; liver disease; loss; lymphoma; neoplasia; obstruction; pancreatic; pancreatitis; parasite; present; result; samples; serum; signs; specific; study; therapy; time; tissue; tract; treatment; vomiting; weeks; weight cache: cord-022555-a7ie82fs.txt plain text: cord-022555-a7ie82fs.txt item: #178 of 647 id: cord-022582-2e9i3m4b author: Potsic, William P. title: Otolaryngologic Disorders date: 2012-03-21 words: 16061 flesch: 47 summary: Children who are born deaf and are younger than the age of 3 years, as well as children who have already developed communication skills, language, and speech before losing their hearing, derive the greatest benefit from cochlear implants. The sound has to traverse the ear canal, tympanic membrane, and middle ear. keywords: acute; airway; bone; canal; cases; children; diagnosis; ear; hearing; infection; larynx; loss; mass; membrane; middle; nasal; neck; nerve; nose; obstruction; patients; posterior; symptoms; tissue; treatment; tube cache: cord-022582-2e9i3m4b.txt plain text: cord-022582-2e9i3m4b.txt item: #179 of 647 id: cord-022583-9lmudxrh author: None title: Antimikrobielle und antiinfektiöse Maßnahmen date: 2016-07-29 words: 47230 flesch: 32 summary: In einer multizentrischen, prospektiven, randomisierten, kontrollierten Studie war dagegen zwischen 0,5 % CHX-Tinktur vs. 10 % wässriger PVP-Iod Lösung kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Kolonisation der Katheterspitze und bezüglich der CAPSI-Rate nachweisbar (Humar et al. 2000) . Ziel der PAP ist die Vermeidung von SSI, idealerweise ohne wesentliche Beeinträchtigung der Normalflora oder Induktion eines Selektionsdrucks mit der Gefahr der Ausbildung von Antibiotikaresistenzen (Peters 1987) . keywords: aber; abhängig; abs; activity; alcohol; allem; als; analysis; anderen; anforderungen; antibiotic; antibiotikaprophylaxe; antiseptik; anwendung; anwendung von; auch; auch bei; auf; auf den; auf eine; aufbereitung; aufgrund; auftreten; aureus; aus; aus der; ausreichend; auswahl; b. bei; bakterien; bedeutung; behandlung; bei; bei der; bei einer; bei patienten; beim; bereich; bereits; besonders; besteht; biopsy; bis; bloodstream; bzw; care; catheter; central; chlorhexidine; chx; ciprofloxacin; cleaning; coli; committee; comparison; control; da die; dabei; daher; dann; das; dass; dass bei; dass die; dass eine; daten; decontamination; dem; denen; der; der haut; der pap; des; desinfektion; desinfektionsmittel; deutlich; deutschland; die; die pap; diese; disinfectants; dose; durch; durch den; durch die; durchgeführt; effect; efficacy; eigenschaften; eine; eingesetzt; eingriffen; einsatz; einschließlich; empfehlungen; empfohlen; erfolgt; erreger; erreicht; erst; et al; etwa; factors; faulde; fch; formaldehyd; für; für das; für den; für die; für eine; gabe; gegen; gegenüber; ggf; gibt; gilt; grundsätzlich; gruppe; guidelines; gut; haben; hand; hat; haut; health; healthcare; hier; hohe; hospital; human; hygiene; händedesinfektion; häufig; ihre; impact; impfung; indikation; infection; infektionen; infektionsprävention; innerhalb; insbesondere; intensive; iod; ist; ist bei; ist das; ist der; ist die; ist eine; ist es; ist mit; ist nur; ist und; ist zu; jedoch; kann; keinen; kombination; kontakt; kontaminierten; kramer et; krankenhaus; krankenhaushygiene; krankenhäusern; krinko; können; liste; lösung; maßnahmen; mehr; meist; meisten; meta; methicillin; mikroorganismen; min; mindestens; mit; mit der; mit einer; mrsa; muss; möglich; müssen; nach; nach der; nachgewiesen; nachweis; neben; nicht; nicht nur; noch; nur; nur bei; nutzen; oct; oder; oder mit; oft; ohne; pap; pap bei; pap ist; patienten; patienten mit; patients; perioperative; personal; postoperative; praxis; prevention; prophylactic; prophylaxis; prostate; prüfung; prüfung der; pvp; rahmen; rate; reduktion; reduziert; reinigung; resistance; resistenzentwicklung; review; risiko; risikofaktoren; risk; rki; role; sdd; sehr; sein; sich; sich bei; sie; signifikant; sind; site; skin; sofern; sollen; sollte; sondern; sowie; sowohl; ssi; staphylococcus; sterilisation; sterilisatoren; stiko; studien; study; substanzen; surgery; surgical; tab; teil; test; therapie; tract; transmission; trial; und; und bei; und der; und die; und nicht; und von; unit; unter; untersuchungen; use; verfahren; vergleich; verwendet; verwendung; viren; virus; vitro; vom; von; von der; vor; war; wegen der; wenn; werden; werden die; werden kann; werden können; werden und; werden von; wird; wird bei; wirksamkeit; wirksamkeit von; wirkung; wound; wunden; wundinfektionen; wurde; während; z. b.; zu den; zu einer; zum; zur; zwischen; über; über die; übertragung cache: cord-022583-9lmudxrh.txt plain text: cord-022583-9lmudxrh.txt item: #180 of 647 id: cord-022592-g7rmzsv5 author: Wynn, James L. title: Pathophysiology of Neonatal Sepsis date: 2016-07-06 words: 22168 flesch: 30 summary: The expression of surface tissue factor apoprotein by blood monocytes in the course of infections in early infancy Complement and coagulation: strangers or partners in crime? Indications of coagulation and/ or fibrinolytic system activation in healthy and sick very-low-birth-weight neonates Coagulation, fibrinolytic and kallikrein systems in neonates with uncomplicated sepsis and septic shock Plasma antithrombin III and protein C levels in early recognition of late-onset sepsis in newborns Study of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III in newborns with sepsis Low plasma protein C values predict mortality in low birth weight neonates with septicemia Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in children with severe sepsis: a multicentre phase III randomised controlled trial The tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 response in pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ failure Evaluation and treatment of thrombocytopenia in the neonatal intensive care unit Low immature platelet fraction suggests decreased megakaryopoiesis in neonates with sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis Whole blood platelet deposition on extracellular matrix under flow conditions in preterm neonatal sepsis The platelet hyporeactivity of extremely low birth weight neonates is age-dependent The Ashwell receptor mitigates the lethal coagulopathy of sepsis Platelet count and sepsis in very low birth weight neonates: is there an organism-specific response? Disseminated intravascular coagulation in the newborn Natural history of neonatal herpes simplex virus infections in the acyclovir era Protease-activated receptor-1: key player in the sepsis coagulation-inflammation crosstalk Increased numbers of macrophages in tracheal aspirates in premature infants with funisitis Neutrophil-derived microparticles induce myeloperoxidase-mediated damage of vascular endothelial cells Coagulation dysfunction in sepsis and multiple organ system failure Endothelial glucocorticoid receptor is required for protection against sepsis Admission angiopoietin levels in children with septic shock Group B streptococcal beta-hemolysin promotes injury of lung microvascular endothelial cells Pathophysiologic mechanisms of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn Endothelial TLR4 activation impairs intestinal microcirculatory perfusion in necrotizing enterocolitis via eNOS-NO-nitrite signaling Neutrophil-derived IL-1β is sufficient for abscess formation in immunity against Staphylococcus aureus in mice Correlation between susceptibility of infants to infections and interaction with neutrophils of Escherichia coli strains causing neonatal and infantile septicemia Innate cellular immune responses in newborns Impact of prematurity, stress and sepsis on the neutrophil respiratory burst activity of neonates Functional analysis of neutrophil granulocytes from healthy, infected, and stressed neonates Decreased bactericidal activity of leukocytes of stressed newborn infants Spontaneous and Fas-mediated apoptosis are diminished in umbilical cord blood neutrophils compared with adult neutrophils Mechanisms underlying reduced apoptosis in neonatal neutrophils Neonatal neutrophils with prolonged survival exhibit enhanced inflammatory and cytotoxic responsiveness Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria Platelet TLR4 activates neutrophil extracellular traps to ensnare bacteria in septic blood Netting neutrophils induce endothelial damage, infiltrate tissues, and expose immunostimulatory molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus Neutrophil-derived circulating free DNA (cf-DNA/NETs): a potential prognostic marker for posttraumatic development of inflammatory second hit and sepsis Novel cell death program leads to neutrophil extracellular traps Impaired neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation: a novel innate immune deficiency of human neonates Delayed but functional neutrophil extracellular trap formation in neonates Neutrophils sense microbe size and selectively release neutrophil extracellular traps in response to large pathogens Outcomes following candiduria in extremely low birth weight infants Exhaustion of mature marrow neutrophils in neonates with sepsis Neutrophil storage pool depletion in neonates with sepsis and neutropenia Evaluation of risk factors for fatal neonatal sepsis Can neutrophil responses in very low birth weight infants predict the organisms responsible for late-onset bacterial or fungal sepsis? Neonatal sepsis has been inconsistently defined on the basis of a variety of clinical and laboratory criteria, which makes the study of this condition very difficult. keywords: activation; adults; bacterial; birth; blood; cells; children; development; expression; factor; failure; function; host; human; immune; immunity; infants; infection; inflammatory; levels; low; mortality; neonatal; neonates; newborn; onset sepsis; preterm; preterm infants; preterm neonates; production; protein; receptor; response; risk; role; sepsis; shock; weight cache: cord-022592-g7rmzsv5.txt plain text: cord-022592-g7rmzsv5.txt item: #181 of 647 id: cord-023143-fcno330z author: None title: Molecular aspects of viral immunity date: 2004-02-19 words: 43520 flesch: 44 summary: The immunohistological analysis suggests that CD8+ T cell dependent disappearence of marginal zone macrophages of follicular dendritic cells and of virus infected cells in general correlates with immunosuppression. Our studies indicate that MHC class I resmcted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are activated in response to viral antigens leading to destruction of virus infected cells and loss of transgene expression. keywords: activity; amino; analysis; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; b cells; binding; cd4; cd8; cell responses; challenge; class; clones; cns; ctl; ctl response; cytokines; cytotoxic t; days; different; disease; dna; epitopes; expression; gene; hiv; hla; host; human; ifn; immune; immunity; infected; infection; influenza; lcmv; levels; lymphocytes; memory; mhc; mice; model; molecules; mouse; murine; peptides; primary; production; protein; recognition; recombinant; replication; response; results; role; sequence; specific; spleen; strains; studies; t cells; type; vaccine; vaccinia; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; vivo cache: cord-023143-fcno330z.txt plain text: cord-023143-fcno330z.txt item: #182 of 647 id: cord-023168-cd7adns8 author: Thachil, Jecko title: Haematological Diseases in the Tropics date: 2013-10-21 words: 30246 flesch: 37 summary: WHD/3 Information sheet for clinicians Development and evaluation of a new paediatric blood transfusion protocol for Africa Electrocardiographic ST-segment changes during acute, severe isovolemic hemodilution in humans Use of clinical judgement to guide administration of blood transfusions in Malawi Giving tranexamic acid to reduce surgical bleeding in sub-Saharan Africa: an economic evaluation Autologous transfusion techniques: a systematic review of their efficacy Intraoperative autologous blood management Artificial O2 carriers: status in 2005 Red blood cell transfusions in acute paediatrics Survival and haematological recovery of children with severe malaria transfused in accordance to WHO guidelines in Kilifi Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria with monthly artemether-lumefantrine for the post-discharge management of severe anaemia in children aged 4-59 months in southern Malawi: a multicentre, randomised, placebocontrolled trial Bacterial contamination of pediatric whole blood transfusions in a Kenyan hospital Bacterial contamination of blood and blood components in three major blood transfusion centres in Accra, Ghana Access the complete references online at www.expertconsult.com Causes and outcomes of the acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease The acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease: incidence and risk factors Acute chest syndrome in sickle-cell disease Bronchoalveolar lavage in adult sickle cell patients with acute chest syndrome: value for diagnostic assessment of fat embolism Secretory phospholipase A(2) predicts impending acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease Serum C-reactive protein parallels secretory phospholipase A2 in sickle cell disease patients with vasoocclusive crisis or acute chest syndrome Cerebrovascular accidents in sickle cell disease: rates and risk factors Pathophysiology and treatment of stroke in sicklecell disease: Present and future Lesion burden and cognitive morbidity in children with sickle cell disease Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography Silent infarction as a risk factor for overt stroke in children with sickle cell anemia: A report from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease Nocturnal hypoxaemia and central-nervoussystem events in sickle-cell disease Natural history of blood pressure in sickle cell disease: Risks for stroke and death associated with relative hypertension in sickle cell anemia Prophylaxis with oral penicillin in children with sickle cell anemia. keywords: acute; anaemia; bleeding; blood; blood transfusion; bone; cause; cell; cell disease; children; chronic; complications; countries; deficiency; diagnosis; disease; factor; folate; g6pd; haemoglobin; haemolysis; hiv; individuals; infections; iron; iron deficiency; levels; lymphoma; major; malaria; management; marrow; patients; platelet; prevalence; risk; scd; syndrome; thalassaemia; therapy; thrombocytopenia; transfusion; treatment; vitamin; years cache: cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt plain text: cord-023168-cd7adns8.txt item: #183 of 647 id: cord-023367-ujflw19b author: Newcomer, Benjamin W. title: Diseases of the hematologic, immunologic, and lymphatic systems (multisystem diseases) [Image: see text] date: 2020-04-17 words: 33192 flesch: 48 summary: No treatment is available for border disease infection. Because blood gas analysis and exclusion of other diseases often are impractical, the term floppy kid syndrome frequently is used by owners to refer to any kid that is weak and does not have an overt, organ-specific sign (e.g., diarrhea). keywords: acute; anemia; animals; bacteria; blood; cases; cause; cells; chronic; clinical; clostridium; colostrum; death; deer; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; edema; fever; flock; fluids; goats; hours; infection; kids; lambs; lesions; liver; milk; months; neonates; organism; perfringens; prevention; ruminants; serum; sheep; signs; skin; species; tissue; toxin; treatment; type; virus cache: cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt plain text: cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt item: #184 of 647 id: cord-023369-xwclh6ih author: Kim, Faith title: Human Herpesvirus-6 Meningitis in a Premature Infant with Fevers: A Case and Literature Review date: 2020-04-18 words: 4900 flesch: 38 summary: 2, 3 There is a wide clinical spectrum of HHV-6 infection ranging from asymptomatic disease to more serious disease including neonatal hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome, hemophagocytic syndrome, or viral myocarditis, particularly in the immunocompromised population. Major findings included significantly lower scores at 12 months of age on Bayley-Mental Development Index scores in the congenital infection group even after controlling for covariates potentially linking HHV-6 infection and neurologic disease; however, there were no specific clinical manifestations identified at birth such as hearing loss. keywords: blood; cihhv-6; dna; hhv-6; human; infection; meningitis; transmission; virus cache: cord-023369-xwclh6ih.txt plain text: cord-023369-xwclh6ih.txt item: #185 of 647 id: cord-023463-vr6uaw3a author: Liu, Wei title: Risk factors for SARS infection among hospital healthcare workers in Beijing: a case control study date: 2009-06-05 words: 3870 flesch: 43 summary: Conclusions This study highlighted activities associated with increased and decreased risk for SARS infection during close contact with SARS patients. As found in univariate analysis, early contact with SARS patients increased the ORs of SARS infection significantly. keywords: contact; control; infection; mask; risk; sars cache: cord-023463-vr6uaw3a.txt plain text: cord-023463-vr6uaw3a.txt item: #186 of 647 id: cord-023528-z9rc0ubj author: Wilkins, Pamela A. title: Disorders of Foals date: 2009-05-18 words: 42606 flesch: 40 summary: A syndrome of bronchointerstitial pneumonia and acute respiratory distress has been described in older foals and appears to be a distinct entity from acute respiratory distress syndrome in neonatal foals in association with sepsis. One can use these measurements and the ultrasonographic appearance of the internal umbilical structures from clinically normal foals as references to diagnose abnormalities of the umbilical structures in neonatal foals. keywords: abnormalities; acute; administration; age; author; birth; blood; care; cases; cell; concentration; days; deformities; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; effects; equine; failure; fetal; fetus; fluid; foals; function; gastric; horses; hours; human; hypoxia; infants; infection; injury; intravenous; joint; limb; mares; neonatal; neonate; newborn; oxygen; patients; pneumonia; rate; renal; result; risk; sepsis; signs; specific; therapy; treatment; use; ventilation cache: cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt plain text: cord-023528-z9rc0ubj.txt item: #187 of 647 id: cord-023669-3ataw6gy author: Masur, Henry title: Critically Ill Immunosuppressed Host date: 2009-05-15 words: 11198 flesch: 30 summary: HIV patients pose a risk to health care professionals, however. For such patients, mucormycosis and non-albicans Candida are becoming more prominent causes of morbidity. keywords: cd4; ciency; cmv; diagnosis; disease; drugs; empiric; hiv; immunodefi; infection; lymphocyte; neutropenia; organ; patients; pneumonia; risk; specifi; therapy cache: cord-023669-3ataw6gy.txt plain text: cord-023669-3ataw6gy.txt item: #188 of 647 id: cord-023698-wvk200j0 author: Hammerschlag, Margaret R. title: Chlamydia pneumoniae date: 2014-10-31 words: 10021 flesch: 30 summary: Determination of whether C. pneumoniae infection is an acute primary infection or reinfection, a chronic persistent stage, or a past infection is also very difficult. In clinical settings, routine diagnosis of C. pneumoniae infection has been based on results of serologic testing to identify anti-C. pneumoniae immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM antibodies. keywords: assays; asthma; cell; chlamydia; chlamydia pneumoniae; culture; detection; disease; dna; infection; patients; pcr; pneumoniae; pneumoniae infection; results; specimens; studies; treatment cache: cord-023698-wvk200j0.txt plain text: cord-023698-wvk200j0.txt item: #189 of 647 id: cord-023724-5at0rhqk author: Cann, Alan J. title: Infection date: 2015-07-24 words: 14985 flesch: 44 summary: The former strategy relies on two approaches: public and personal hygiene, which perhaps plays the major role in preventing virus infection (e.g., provision of clean drinking water and disposal of sewage; good medical practice such as the sterilization of surgical instruments) and vaccination, which makes use of the immune system to combat virus infections. A common misconception is that virus infection inevitably results in disease. keywords: cell; dna; expression; gene; host; ifn; ifns; infection; mechanisms; plant; proteins; replication; resistance; response; result; rna; system; vaccines; virus; virus infection; virus replication; viruses cache: cord-023724-5at0rhqk.txt plain text: cord-023724-5at0rhqk.txt item: #190 of 647 id: cord-023748-3kfy36hg author: Lye, Patricia S. title: Fever date: 2017-05-12 words: 15614 flesch: 45 summary: CSF: 5 WBC/µL and negative Gram stain; if bloody tap, then WBC:RBC ≤1 : 500 • Chest radiograph: no infiltrate • Stool: 5 WBC/hpf with diarrhea Infants are at low risk if they appear well and have a normal physical examination, and if laboratory findings are as follows: • CBC: 5,000-15,000 WBC/µL; absolute band count ≤1,500/µL Evaluation and management of ill-appearing children older than 36 months with fever without source are similar to those of younger children. Bacterial meningitis is usually a disease of infants and young children. keywords: age; bacteremia; bacterial; blood; cause; chapter; children; csf; culture; diagnosis; disease; evaluation; examination; fever; fuo; history; illness; include; infants; infection; meningitis; months; patients; rash; risk; symptoms; temperature cache: cord-023748-3kfy36hg.txt plain text: cord-023748-3kfy36hg.txt item: #191 of 647 id: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d author: O’Ryan, Miguel L. title: Microorganisms Responsible for Neonatal Diarrhea date: 2009-05-19 words: 45719 flesch: 29 summary: Several studies have suggested that EAEC is also a common cause of infant diarrhea in industrialized c~u n t Rotavirus particles have not been found in human milk or c o l o~t r u m .~~~~~~~~ Exposure of a newborn to rotavirus can result in asymptomatic infection or cause mild or severe gastro-Outbreaks with high attack rates as measured by rotavirus excretion have been described but the extent of symptomatic infection Severe rotavirus infection is seldom reported during the newborn period1203 but the extent of underreporting of severe disease, especially in the less developed areas of the world, has not been evaluated. keywords: acute; antimicrobial; asymptomatic; c. jejuni; campylobacter; campylobacter coli; campylobacter enteritis; campylobacter infection; campylobacter jejuni; care; cases; cause; children; cholera; clinical; coli; cultures; days; detection; diarrhea; disease; e l; e n; e r; e ~; e. coli; enteric; epec; epidemic; escherichia coli; fecal; fetus; fever; gastroenteritis; hospital; human; illness; incidence; infants; infected; infection; jejuni; life; meningitis; milk; n t; neonatal; neonatal diarrhea; neonates; newborn; nursery; oral; organisms; outbreak; patients; risk; rotavirus diarrhea; rotavirus infection; salmonella; salmonella gastroenteritis; salmonella infection; shigella; shigellosis; specific; stool; strains; studies; study; t e; therapy; toxin; transmission; treatment; virulence cache: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d.txt plain text: cord-023767-rcv4pl0d.txt item: #192 of 647 id: cord-023817-39r3a4fd author: Singh, Namita title: Rotavirus and Noro- and Caliciviruses date: 2012 words: 4638 flesch: 38 summary: In the United States, prior to the vaccine's introduction, rotavirus infection accounted for 400,000 doctor visits, 200,000 emergency room visits, 50,000 hospitalizations, and 20-60 deaths per year, with costs amounting to $1 billion yearly. Rotavirus infections fluctuate less in the tropics, though a recent systematic review of 26 studies from tropical areas concluded that infections were more prominent in the coolest and driest months of the year. keywords: acute; age; children; diarrhea; disease; gastroenteritis; human; infection; norovirus; particles; rotavirus; vaccine cache: cord-023817-39r3a4fd.txt plain text: cord-023817-39r3a4fd.txt item: #193 of 647 id: cord-023925-qrr7jcwe author: Verhoef, Jan title: A8 Immune response in human pathology: Infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites date: 2011-07-12 words: 5501 flesch: 40 summary: Innate immune cells recognise microbes by tolllike receptors (TLR) (see section Pathogenesis of shock), giving rise to the above production of cytokines in the early phase of the response. In particular, the release of TNF-α and interleukin-1 (il-1) after the activation of host cells by endotoxin induces haemodynamic shock. keywords: bacteria; cells; defence; disease; gram; hiv; infections; macrophages; micro; organisms; response; virus; viruses cache: cord-023925-qrr7jcwe.txt plain text: cord-023925-qrr7jcwe.txt item: #194 of 647 id: cord-023942-vrs3je1x author: Powers, Karen S. title: Acute Pulmonary Infections date: 2011-12-16 words: 11280 flesch: 40 summary: High risk children include those with sickle cell disease and other types of functional asplenia, human immunodefi ciency syndrome, primary immunodefi ciency, children receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and children with chronic pulmonary or cardiac disease. I N FECTIONS high risk children who need expanded serotype coverage. keywords: acute; age; bacterial; bronchiolitis; care; cause; children; disease; infants; infections; infl; lung; pneumonia; pulmonary; respiratory; rsv; treatment; uenza; ventilation; virus; years cache: cord-023942-vrs3je1x.txt plain text: cord-023942-vrs3je1x.txt item: #195 of 647 id: cord-024093-5dplc9xr author: Sizun, J title: Neonatal nosocomial respiratory infection with coronavirus: a prospective study in a neonatal intensive care unit date: 2008-01-21 words: 1790 flesch: 43 summary: In infants, CVs can be the cause of respiratory infections such as pneumonia or bronchiolitis, without clinical or radiological specificity compared with other respiratory viruses. Acta Paediatr DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13710.x sha: doc_id: 24093 cord_uid: 5dplc9xr The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the incidence of viral respiratory infection in hospitalized premature newborn infants and to assess the role of coronaviruses. keywords: age; infants; infection; study cache: cord-024093-5dplc9xr.txt plain text: cord-024093-5dplc9xr.txt item: #196 of 647 id: cord-024134-ym7ce5ux author: Chawla, Sonam title: Preparing for the Perpetual Challenges of Pandemics of Coronavirus Infections with Special Focus on SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-04-30 words: 6816 flesch: 32 summary: Grossly, the extent of success of each pandemic action plan stands on the following pillars: • Surveillance of coronavirus-2 and COVID-19 infection: characterization of the virus, infection modes, diagnosing and detecting infection, contact tracing, annotation of data from confirmed cases, predicting mass infection outbreak, keeping a count, and estimation of mortality. R 0 of COVID-19 infection is estimated as 2-3.5 in the early phase, as even the asymptomatic patients or with mild pneumonia extruded large amounts of virus . keywords: cases; china; contact; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; healthcare; human; hygiene; infection; novel; outbreak; pandemic; public; transmission cache: cord-024134-ym7ce5ux.txt plain text: cord-024134-ym7ce5ux.txt item: #197 of 647 id: cord-024188-d7tnku8z author: Nissen, Michael D. title: Respiratory Infections date: 2010-03-27 words: 5270 flesch: 37 summary: Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory virus infections requires specimens containing cells from the respiratory tract collected early in the clinical illness. Limited data is available suggesting that flocked swabs are superior to traditional swabs for detecting respiratory virus infections. keywords: cause; children; disease; human; infection; influenza; patients; pcr; pneumonia; rsv; tract; viruses cache: cord-024188-d7tnku8z.txt plain text: cord-024188-d7tnku8z.txt item: #198 of 647 id: cord-024651-578c9ut5 author: None title: 2020 CIS Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency & Dysregulation North American Conference date: 2020-05-11 words: 84772 flesch: 43 summary: CARD11 deficiency was confirmed by stimulating patient B cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA) and ionomycin and immunoblotting for signalling proteins in both the NF-κB (IKKα/β, IκBα, p65) and MAPK (MEK1/2, MKK4, JNK1/2, ERK1/2) pathways as well as cleavage substrates of the MALT1 paracaspase (RELB, CYLD, BCL10, HOIL1). Furthermore, RNA-Seq confirmed the developmental block observed in patient B cells and suggested that B cells were halted at the centroblast to centrocyte transition. keywords: abstract; age; alps; analysis; anti; autoimmune; b cells; biopsy; blood; bone; case; case report; cd4; cd8; cells; cgd; children; chronic; clinical; cohort; conclusion; cvid; data; days; deficiency; diagnosis; disease; disorders; dysregulation; elevated; evaluation; exome; expression; family; features; female; findings; function; gene; genetic; group; heterozygous; hies; high; history; hospital; hsct; iga; igg; igm; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; immunology; improvement; infections; inflammatory; introduction; ivig; laboratory; levels; low; lung; lymphocyte; lymphoma; male; manifestations; marrow; memory; methods; months; mutations; non; normal; patients; phenotype; pid; pid patients; pneumonia; positive; post; presentation; primary; protein; range; recurrent; report text; response; results; rituximab; scid; secondary; sequencing; signaling; skin; stat3; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; t cells; testing; text; therapy; time; total; transplant; treatment; use; variant; weeks; years cache: cord-024651-578c9ut5.txt plain text: cord-024651-578c9ut5.txt item: #199 of 647 id: cord-024795-xa7ke70d author: Kaviani, Aaron title: Management of Antimicrobial Agents in Abdominal Organ Transplant Patients in Intensive Care Unit date: 2020-01-24 words: 4878 flesch: 31 summary: Therapeutic advances in infectious disease Sepsis and solid organ transplantation Sepsis in solid-organ transplant patients AST handbook of transplant infections Candida infections in solid organ transplantation: guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice Empirical fluconazole versus placebo for intensive care unit patients: a randomized trial Empirical micafungin treatment and survival without invasive fungal infection in adults with ICU-acquired sepsis, Candida colonization, and multiple organ failure: the EMPIRICUS randomized clinical trial Invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients Fungal infections in renal transplant patients 2019:e13545. The main sources of infection in the first month after SOT include donor-derived infections, preexisting recipient infections, surgical complications, and nosocomial infections including Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). keywords: infections; liver; organ; patients; recipients; risk; sot; transplant; transplantation; treatment cache: cord-024795-xa7ke70d.txt plain text: cord-024795-xa7ke70d.txt item: #200 of 647 id: cord-025155-ow3r3469 author: Lokida, Dewi title: Underdiagnoses of Rickettsia in patients hospitalized with acute fever in Indonesia: observational study results date: 2020-05-24 words: 4443 flesch: 39 summary: United States: A Practical Guide for Physicians and Other Health-Care and Public Health Profesionals: CDC Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: rocky mountain spotted fever and other spotted fever group rickettsioses, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis -United States State of the art of diagnosis of rickettsial diseases: the use of blood specimens for diagnosis of scrub typhus, spotted fever group rickettsiosis, and murine typhus Comparison of commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence assay for diagnosis of acute Rickettsia typhi infections. Other fever studies revealed prevalence of murine typhus, spotted fever, and scrub typhus in Northeastern Papua to be 5, 1, and 3%, respectively [9] , whereas prevalence of murine typhus in Central Java was 7% [10] . keywords: fever; igg; igm; infection; patients; rickettsia; rickettsioses; study; typhi; typhus cache: cord-025155-ow3r3469.txt plain text: cord-025155-ow3r3469.txt item: #201 of 647 id: cord-025495-udz9i0fw author: Nowak, Jan K. title: Lithium and coronaviral infections. A scoping review. date: 2020-04-03 words: 5351 flesch: 40 summary: GSk3-B is a widespread target for lithium effects and based its wide distribution in several organs and having several other subunits targeted as well as GSK-3B inhibitors failed in early studies with most of the related agents and did not mimic any clinical effects of lithium. Description of safety and limitations are generic in terms of lithium effects, except for the QT prolongation in combination with chloroquine, do not highlight the specific aspects related to the author's hypothesis, such as cell proliferation. keywords: concentrations; coronavirus; infections; lithium; patients; studies; virus cache: cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt plain text: cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt item: #202 of 647 id: cord-025628-9611eglg author: Bonagura, Vincent Robert title: Infections that cause secondary immune deficiency date: 2020-05-29 words: 10027 flesch: 26 summary: This inhibitory signal prevents T cell S-phase entry for several days, and is independent of cell death, membrane fusion, soluble inhibitor production, or T cell infection. Center for Disease Control Substandard vaccination compliance and the 2015 measles outbreak Prospective study of the magnitude and duration of changes in tuberculin reactivity during uncomplicated and complicated measles Cellular immune responses during complicated and uncomplicated measles virus infections of man Cytokine production in vitro and the lymphoproliferative defect of natural measles virus infection Functional and phenotypic changes in circulating lymphocytes from hospitalized zambian children with measles Dendritic cells process exogenous viral proteins and virus-like particles for class I presentation to CD8þ cytotoxic T lymphocytes T-lymphocyte subpopulations in relation to immunosuppression in measles and varicella Nonhuman primate models of measles Apoptosis as a cause of death in measles virus-infected cells The dual-function CD150 receptor subfamily: the viral attraction The SAP and SLAM families in immune responses and X-linked lymphoproliferative disease Measles virus suppresses cell-mediated immunity by interfering with the survival and functions of dendritic and T cells Measles virus nucleoprotein induces cell-proliferation arrest and apoptosis through NTAIL-NR and NCORE-FcgammaRIIB1 interactions, respectively Measles virus infection in rhesus macaques: altered immune responses and comparison of the virulence of six different virus strains Immunologic abnormalities accompanying acute and chronic viral infections Differential CD4 T cell activation in measles Pathogenesis of measles virus infection: an hypothesis for altered immune responses Cytokine imbalance after measles virus infection has no correlation with immune suppression Metabolic effects of acute measles in chronically malnourished Nigerian children -4) and CD30 expression/release during measles infection Measles viruses on throat swabs from measles patients use signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (CDw150) but not CD46 as a cellular receptor Differential receptor usage by measles virus strains Functional modulation of human macrophages through CD46 (measles virus receptor): production of IL-12 p40 and nitric oxide in association with recruitment of protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 to CD46 Identification of a cytoplasmic Tyr-X-X-Leu motif essential for down regulation of the human cell receptor CD46 in persistent measles virus infection Measles virus haemagglutinin induces down-regulation of gp57/67, a molecule involved in virus binding The cytoplasmic domains of complement regulatory protein CD46 interact with multiple kinases in macrophages Polymorphic expression of CD46 protein isoforms due to tissue-specific RNA splicing Cell-to-cell contact via measles virus haemagglutinin-CD46 interaction triggers CD46 downregulation Receptor usage and differential downregulation of CD46 by measles virus wild-type and vaccine strains Mechanism of suppression of cell-mediated immunity by measles virus Measles virus infects human dendritic cells and blocks their allostimulatory properties for CD4þ T cells Activation of human CD4þ cells with CD3 and CD46 induces a Tregulatory cell 1 phenotype In vitro studies of the role of monocytes in the immunosuppression associated with natural measles virus infections Suppression of T lymphocyte function by measles virus is due to cell cycle arrest in G1 Cell cycle arrest rather than apoptosis is associated with measles virus contact-mediated immunosuppression in vitro Measles virus inhibits mitogen-induced T cell proliferation but does not directly perturb the T cell activation process inside the cell Prolonged measles virus shedding in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children, detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction Slow clearance of measles virus RNA after acute infection A novel receptor involved in T-cell activation Engagement of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) on activated T cells results in IL-2-independent, cyclosporin A-sensitive T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule expression and regulation in human intracellular infection correlate with Th1 cytokine patterns SLAM) is a receptor for measles virus but is not involved in viral contact-mediated proliferation inhibition Mechanism of CD150 (SLAM) down regulation from the host cell surface by measles virus hemagglutinin protein Interaction of measles virus glycoproteins with the surface of uninfected peripheral blood lymphocytes induces immunosuppression in vitro Measles virus exploits dendritic cells to suppress CD4þ T-cell proliferation via expression of surface viral glycoproteins independently of T-cell trans-infection Measles virus-induced promotion of dendritic cell maturation by soluble mediators does not overcome the immunosuppressive activity of viral glycoproteins on the cell surface Induction of maturation of human blood dendritic cell precursors by measles virus is associated with immunosuppression Proteolytic cleavage of the fusion protein but not membrane fusion is required for measles virus-induced immunosuppression in vitro Measles virus-induced immunosuppression in cotton rats is associated with cell cycle retardation in uninfected lymphocytes Measles virus-induced immunosuppression in vitro is associated with deregulation of G1 cell cycle control proteins Measles virus interacts with and alters signal transduction in T-cell lipid rafts Disruption of Akt kinase activation is important for immunosuppression induced by measles virus Measles virus induces expression of SIP110, a constitutively membrane clustered lipid phosphatase, which inhibits T cell proliferation Influenza pandemics of the 20th century Pandemic Flu History keywords: activation; cause; cells; expression; function; hiv; human; il-10; immune; immunity; infection; influenza; leishmaniasis; measles; patients; pertussis; responses; t cells; virus cache: cord-025628-9611eglg.txt plain text: cord-025628-9611eglg.txt item: #203 of 647 id: cord-026005-f2khcjdy author: López, Alfonso title: Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae date: 2017-02-17 words: 57351 flesch: 32 summary: Lung disease can have profound systemic effects when cytokines, produced locally during necrosis or inflammation, are released into circulation. Alveolar filling disorders are a heterogeneous group of lung diseases characterized by accumulation of various chemical compounds in the alveolar lumens. keywords: acute; air; alveolar; alveoli; animals; bacterial; beings; blood; bovine; bronchi; bronchopneumonia; cases; cats; cattle; cause; cavity; cells; chronic; common; disease; dogs; edema; emphysema; exudate; fibrosis; fig; fluid; horses; human; hyperplasia; infection; inflammation; injury; interstitial; lesions; lungs; macrophages; mucosa; nasal; necrosis; neutrophils; pigs; pneumonia; pneumonocytes; present; pulmonary; result; rhinitis; syndrome; system; tissue; type; viral; virus cache: cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt plain text: cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt item: #204 of 647 id: cord-026595-imn2jxcu author: Qamar, Mariam Khan title: What Do the Dental Students Know about Infection Control? A Cross-Sectional Study in a Teaching Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan date: 2020-06-01 words: 2417 flesch: 47 summary: Compliance with infection control programs in private dental clinics in Jordan Attitudes and practices of infection control among senior dental students at college of dentistry, University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates Infection control: knowledge and compliance among Saudi undergraduate dental students Updated CDC recommendations for the management of hepatitis B virus-infected health-care providers and students Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings-2003 Knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding infection control measures among dental students in Central India Cross-infection control in Malaysian dental practice Rate of compliance with hand hygiene by dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) within a dentistry healthcare first aid facility Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of infection control among dental students at Sana'a University Knowledge, attitude and practices about hepatitis B and infection control measures among dental students in Patiala Infection control measures in private dental clinics in Lebanon Knowledge, attitude, and practice of needle stick and sharps injuries among dental professionals of Bangalore, India Awareness of droplet and airborne isolation precautions among dental health professionals during the outbreak of corona virus infection in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection control measures among dental practitioners in public setup of Karachi, Pakistan: cross-sectional survey Compliance with infection control practices in a university hospital dental clinic Knowledge, attitude and compliance of infection control guidelines among dental faculty members and students in KSU Evaluation of Final-Year Turkish Dental Students' Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-Perceived Competency towards Preventive Dentistry Appreciation is hereby extended to the students of Foundation Medical and Dental University for participating in our study. Nevertheless, there is paucity of data with regard to infection control practices among dental students within the hospital environment in Pakistan. keywords: control; dental; infection; knowledge; students; study cache: cord-026595-imn2jxcu.txt plain text: cord-026595-imn2jxcu.txt item: #205 of 647 id: cord-027550-yyqsatqw author: Mammas, Ioannis N. title: Update on current views and advances on RSV infection (Review) date: 2020-06-15 words: 7972 flesch: 21 summary: There are several methods for the purification, quantification and Being able to compare severity over time and/or across cohorts is useful in hospital-based QI programmes but also in multi-centre networks, such as PEdSIdEA Understanding the real-world disease burden caused by RSV will facilitate the study of the effectiveness of antivirals and vaccines, once they become available Recent epidemiological data indicate that RSV infection is an important illness in elderly and high-risk adults, with a disease burden similar to that of non-pandemic influenza RSV and immune response Maternal RSV-specific antibodies transmitted transplacentally during the third trimester of pregnancy are related to RSV disease severity in young infants RSV and miRNAs A greater understanding of miRNAs may enable them to be used as biomarkers of severe RSV infection and as novel targets for treatment or prophylaxis of RSV infection RSV and thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis in RSV-positive bronchiolitis does not require routine prophylactic anti-platelet treatment or further investigations RSV and asthma There is compelling evidence that severe respiratory infection induced by RSV is associated with subsequent development of asthma later in childhood Further understanding of the role of RSV in asthma pathogenesis will enable our understanding of the impact of future vaccines against RSV in asthma prevention RSV as a cause of PIBO There are only few reports in the literature of children with PIBO secondary to RSV as a single infection Further research is required in order to investigate the potential impact of RSV co-infection in the severity and worse outcome in children with PIBO Imaging of RSV infection Although imaging cannot diagnose RSV infection, it is important to identify the possible pattern of viral disease, in order to avoid unnecessary administration of antibiotic therapy and predict possible late effects Standard radiological techniques, including cT, are unable to distinguish between acute bronchiolitis caused by RSV versus that caused by other respiratory viruses HRcT of the lungs may be required to assess possible bronchial thickening and remodeling, the development of bronchiectasis and air-trapping Antivirals against RSV Ribavirin is currently the only licensed antiviral medication used to treat RSV infection; it has very limited efficacy and multiple toxicities, which means its use is usually reserved for severely immunocompromised children due to ethical and technical constraints human challenge models are only undertaken in adults, but if a product is shown to be efficacious in this setting it allows a faster move to trials in children than traditional trials which often take much longer to do A greater understanding of individual data in newly developed pharmaceutical agents against RSV will potentially lead to future personalized treatment regimens RSV and PIcU HFNc might have a role as a rescue therapy for children with RSV-positive bronchiolitis admitted to PIcU to reduce their requirement for high-cost intensive care Heliox could be useful in addition to standard medical care in the management of children with RSV-positive bronchiolitis admitted to PIcU characterization of miRNA expression profiles in biofluids, whole blood samples and tissue samples obtained in in vivo studies (55) . key: cord-027550-yyqsatqw authors: Mammas, Ioannis N.; Drysdale, Simon B.; Rath, Barbara; Theodoridou, Maria; Papaioannou, Georgia; Papatheodoropoulou, Alexia; koutsounaki, Eirini; Koutsaftiki, Chryssie; Kozanidou, Eleftheria; Achtsidis, Vassilis; Korovessi, Paraskevi; Chrousos, George P.; Spandidos, Demetrios A. title: Update on current views and advances on RSV infection (Review) date: 2020-06-15 journal: Int J Mol Med DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4641 sha: doc_id: 27550 cord_uid: yyqsatqw Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection represents an excellent paradigm of precision medicine in modern paediatrics and several clinical trials are currently performed in the prevention and management of RSV infection. keywords: acute; asthma; bronchiolitis; care; children; development; disease; infants; infection; influenza; prevention; risk; rsv; severity; thrombocytosis; vaccines; virus; wheezing cache: cord-027550-yyqsatqw.txt plain text: cord-027550-yyqsatqw.txt item: #206 of 647 id: cord-027679-89yt6fzo author: McLoud, Theresa C. title: Pulmonary Infections in the Normal Host date: 2020-06-22 words: 10841 flesch: 38 summary: The wide variety of fungi that may produce lung disease can be divided into two groups. However, MAC lung disease may develop in older women who are considered immunologically competent and who do not have a background of thickening and multiple, calcified nodular and irregular opacities can be seen in the left upper lobe (arrows). keywords: areas; common; consolidation; disease; features; fig; infection; lobes; lung; multiple; nodules; organisms; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; radiographic; tuberculosis cache: cord-027679-89yt6fzo.txt plain text: cord-027679-89yt6fzo.txt item: #207 of 647 id: cord-027860-s97hdhh6 author: Zeimet, Anthony title: Infectious Diseases date: 2020-06-22 words: 28951 flesch: 42 summary: Management of such patients should be coordinated with an infectious diseases specialist, who also should manage drug-resistant TB treatment. Single positive blood culture for Coxiella burnetii or anti-phase 1 IgG antibody titer >1:800 Echocardiogram positive for IE (TEE recommended for patients with prosthetic valves, rated at least possible IE by clinical criteria, or complicated IE [paravalvular abscess]; TTE as first test in other patients) defined as follows: oscillating intracardiac mass on valve or supporting structures, in the path of regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an alternative anatomic explanation; or abscess; or new partial dehiscence of prosthetic valve; new valvular regurgitation (worsening or changing or preexisting murmur not sufficient) Predisposition, predisposing heart condition, or IDU Fever, temperature >38° C Vascular phenomena, major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhages, and Janeway's lesions Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler's nodes, Roth's spots, and rheumatoid factor Microbiologic evidence: positive blood culture but does not meet a major criterion as noted above * or serological evidence of active infection with organism consistent with IE Echocardiographic minor criteria eliminated Echocardiography should be performed in all patients with suspected infective endocarditis (Baddour et al., 2005) keywords: acute; adults; antibiotics; bacterial; bite; blood; cause; children; chronic; culture; daily; days; diagnosis; diarrhea; discharge; disease; endocarditis; fever; gram; hepatitis; infection; influenza; lesions; months; negative; pain; patients; present; risk; skin; sor; symptoms; testing; therapy; treatment; use; vaccine; virus; weeks; women; wounds cache: cord-027860-s97hdhh6.txt plain text: cord-027860-s97hdhh6.txt item: #208 of 647 id: cord-028564-sltofaox author: Gutiérrez-Spillari, Lucia title: Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and Influenza: How Are They Connected? date: 2020-07-06 words: 3323 flesch: 26 summary: Cardiovascular complications associated with influenza infection include myocarditis, pericardial effusion, myopericarditis, right and left ventricle dysfunction, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and circulatory failure due to septic shock [13, [18] Influenza infection can trigger type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarctions [16] . keywords: cardiovascular; disease; heart; infection; influenza; patients; risk; vaccination cache: cord-028564-sltofaox.txt plain text: cord-028564-sltofaox.txt item: #209 of 647 id: cord-029032-s9geepsc author: Vargas-García, Cesar title: Parasite-Guest Infection Modeling: Social Science Applications date: 2020-06-22 words: 1840 flesch: 44 summary: Extended models were presented that address issues under debate in ecology, such as optimizing parasite-host interactions and why host infection mechanisms can be beneficial to parasites. In particular, parameters such as replication, mortality rate of the infected host, infection rate (absorption rate), among others, have been suggested as possible control parameters used by parasites to optimally infect hosts [3] [4] [5] [6] . keywords: host; infection; parasites; rate cache: cord-029032-s9geepsc.txt plain text: cord-029032-s9geepsc.txt item: #210 of 647 id: cord-031252-ji0ef0by author: D'Angelo, Lawrence title: Infectious Disease Problems in Adolescents date: 2020-09-01 words: 7926 flesch: 37 summary: No specific treatment is indicated for clinical infections. Individuals who received the original killed vaccine appear to be still susceptible to measles infection and need to be revaccinated with the contemporary vaccine. keywords: adolescents; cases; complications; diagnosis; disease; hepatitis; illness; infection; measles; mononucleosis; patients; pneumonia; syndrome; therapy; vaccine; virus cache: cord-031252-ji0ef0by.txt plain text: cord-031252-ji0ef0by.txt item: #211 of 647 id: cord-031876-v44o5shw author: Mounier, Roman title: Assessment of Bacterial Colonization of Intracranial Pressure Transducers: A Prospective Study date: 2020-09-15 words: 4431 flesch: 42 summary: Breaking of the BBB means skull depression fracture, skull base fracture, or brain surgery BBB blood brain barrier, EVD external ventricular drain, ICPT intraparenchymal intracranial pressure transducer, ICU intensive care unit, OTU operational taxonomic units, TBI traumatic brain injury Data are shown as the median (25th-75th percentile) or number (%), unless otherwise indicated tips, suggesting that ICPT colonization may be largely underestimated using standard techniques. [with biofilm formation studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and NGS] and to determine how it may correlate with patient characteristics, ICPT colonization, and related infections. keywords: bacteria; biofilm; brain; colonization; icpt; infection; intracranial; patients; pressure; sem cache: cord-031876-v44o5shw.txt plain text: cord-031876-v44o5shw.txt item: #212 of 647 id: cord-032181-gmcugd8h author: Song, Jian-Xin title: Main Complications of AECHB and Severe Hepatitis B (Liver Failure) date: 2019-05-21 words: 51195 flesch: 34 summary: If liver disease patients have other lung diseases (such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema and pneumonia, and pleural effusion, etc.), then significant respiratory symptoms may occur. in liver cirrhosis patients with ascites that paracentesis should be performed after admission to determine whether SBP exist. keywords: acid; activity; acute; addition; ammonia; arterial; ascites; bacterial; bleeding; blood; body; brain; cause; cells; chronic; circulation; cirrhosis; coagulation; diagnosis; diseases; dysfunction; encephalopathy; endotoxin; factors; function; hepatic; hepatitis patients; high; hps; hps patients; hrs; hypoxemia; increase; infection; liver; liver cells; liver cirrhosis; liver disease; liver failure; liver function; liver transplantation; lps; manifestations; metabolic; oxygen; patients; plasma; platelet; pressure; protein; pulmonary; rate; receptor; renal; respiratory; role; serum; study; symptoms; syndrome; system; systemic; test; time; tract; treatment; type; vascular cache: cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt plain text: cord-032181-gmcugd8h.txt item: #213 of 647 id: cord-034133-tx0hciiv author: Engda, Tigist title: The contribution of medical educational system of the College of Medicine, and Health Sciences of the University of Gondar in Ethiopia on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of graduate students of Health Sciences in relation to the prevention and control of nosocomial infections during the academic year of 2018 date: 2020-10-22 words: 3924 flesch: 41 summary: The Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education should work to enforce the universities to incorporate infection prevention knowledge into the course curricula for all health science students. Therefore, this study showed that a smaller number of respondents had taken infection prevention training on their regular medical system. keywords: attitude; health; infection; knowledge; practice; prevention; students; study cache: cord-034133-tx0hciiv.txt plain text: cord-034133-tx0hciiv.txt item: #214 of 647 id: cord-034436-yhb8m1si author: Abdulah, Deldar Morad title: Relation of Dietary Factors with Infection and Mortality Rates of COVID-19 across the World date: 2020-07-04 words: 3995 flesch: 45 summary: The study showed that the countries with higher infection rates between 1500 and above had a higher intake of fruits (P=0.002), fruit juices (P<0.001), calcium (P<0.001), potassium (P<0.001), and total milk (P<0.001). Therefore, we can make the further hypothesis that the aged population of the countries with high infection rates has been the main factor in the low immune system. keywords: countries; covid-19; fruits; immune; infection; intake; mortality; rate cache: cord-034436-yhb8m1si.txt plain text: cord-034436-yhb8m1si.txt item: #215 of 647 id: cord-103342-stqj3ue5 author: Prakash, Meher K title: A minimal and adaptive prediction strategy for critical resource planning in a pandemic date: 2020-04-10 words: 3243 flesch: 52 summary: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.08.20057414 doi: medRxiv preprint Reported infections (NY) Predictions using infections Predictions using deaths A B Figure 5 : Adaptive predictions for New York state. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.08.20057414 doi: medRxiv preprint A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster The effect of public health measures on the 1918 influenza pandemic in US cities Public health interventions and epidemic intensity during the 1918 influenza pandemic Real-time forecasts of the covid-19 epidemic in china from Early dynamics of transmission and control of covid-19: a mathematical modelling study An interactive web-based dashboard to track covid-19 in real time Real-time tentative assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus infections in Wuhan, China Impact of international travel and border control measures on the global spread of the novel 2019 coronavirus outbreak The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus On fast multishot epidemic interventions for post lock-down mitigation: Implications for simple covid-19 models Age-structured impact of social distancing on the COVID-19 epidemic in India Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) Countries test tactics in war against COVID-19 The authors declare no competing interests. keywords: data; deaths; infections; number; pandemic; preprint cache: cord-103342-stqj3ue5.txt plain text: cord-103342-stqj3ue5.txt item: #216 of 647 id: cord-103436-y1br5hy8 author: Bourgoin, P. title: CD64 and CD169 could help differentiate bacterial from viral infections in Emergency Department date: 2020-11-03 words: 4837 flesch: 40 summary: Bacterial infections were considered as patients presenting with bacterial infections only plus bacterial co-infections, whereas viral infections were considered as patients presenting with viral infections only plus viral co-infections. They were divided into four diagnostic outcomes according to their clinical records: no-infection, bacterial infection, viral infection and co-infection. keywords: author; bacterial; funder; infections; license; medrxiv; medrxiv preprint; patients; preprint; review cache: cord-103436-y1br5hy8.txt plain text: cord-103436-y1br5hy8.txt item: #217 of 647 id: cord-103630-nt3ogyzl author: Deal, C. L. title: Recurrent respiratory viral diseases and chronic sequelae due to dominant negative IFIH1 date: 2020-07-06 words: 2150 flesch: 45 summary: Here we present the case of an adult male who suffered respiratory viral infections his whole life and developed chronic, inflammatory damage to sinuses and lungs as a consequence. Underlying genomic variants may dictate the point at which recurrent, respiratory viral infections leave commonplace experience and incur lasting damage. keywords: function; ifih1; infections; loss; mda5; patients; variants cache: cord-103630-nt3ogyzl.txt plain text: cord-103630-nt3ogyzl.txt item: #218 of 647 id: cord-103893-p9ul6k5m author: Omame, A. title: A co-infection model for Oncogenic HPV and TB with Optimal Control and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis date: 2020-09-18 words: 5658 flesch: 47 summary: Numerical simulations of the optimal control model reveal that the intervention strategy which combines and implements control against HPV infection by TB infected individuals as well as TB treatment control for dually infected individuals is the most cost-effective of all the control strategies for the control and management of the burden of oncogenic HPV and TB co-infection. Strategy C: control against infection with HPV by TB infected individuals (u2 = 0) and TB treatment control for dually infected individuals (u3 = 0). keywords: control; hpv; individuals; infected; infection; model cache: cord-103893-p9ul6k5m.txt plain text: cord-103893-p9ul6k5m.txt item: #219 of 647 id: cord-104317-t30dg6oj author: Parker, Michael T. title: An Ecological Framework of the Human Virome Provides Classification of Current Knowledge and Identifies Areas of Forthcoming Discovery date: 2016-09-30 words: 7988 flesch: 34 summary: It is likely this was because human viruses rely on invasion of host cells to replicate and this provokes an overwhelmingly negative impression. This represents a veritable antithesis to the strategy of parasitic human viruses (see The Parasitic Virome, above), wherein viruses have prioritized trade-offs other than pathogenicity to ensure their transmission to a new host. keywords: cells; commensal; disease; evolution; health; host; human; human virome; infection; interactions; microbiome; mutualistic; pathogenic; phages; virome; viruses cache: cord-104317-t30dg6oj.txt plain text: cord-104317-t30dg6oj.txt item: #220 of 647 id: cord-118119-it3q17rp author: Odagaki, Takashi title: Self-organized wavy infection curve of COVID-19 date: 2020-10-16 words: 1784 flesch: 69 summary: Here, keeping q + γ constant, I discuss the relative magnitude of these parameters for different types of infection curve. Type II infection curve will be realized when a strong lockdown measure is introduced at the outbreak and it is lifted in fear of economic break down ( Fig. 4(b) ). keywords: curve; infection cache: cord-118119-it3q17rp.txt plain text: cord-118119-it3q17rp.txt item: #221 of 647 id: cord-146391-jlu7nv6r author: Ohsawa, Yukio title: COVID-19 Should be Suppressed by Mixed Constraints -- from Simulations on Constrained Scale-Free Networks date: 2020-04-20 words: 3768 flesch: 57 summary: On the other hand, in the white cells where W < 8 or m0 < 4 (especially for less than 2), the number of new infection cases are substantially smaller than in the shadowed part. As in Figure 1 and 2, the increase in the number of new infection cases for smaller m0 continues for all the 30 weeks, which is a period that covers the entire hills (i.e., both the uptrend and the downtrend) of new infection cases for the larger m0. keywords: infection; nodes; number; people cache: cord-146391-jlu7nv6r.txt plain text: cord-146391-jlu7nv6r.txt item: #222 of 647 id: cord-159554-50077dgk author: Shan, Fei title: Lung Infection Quantification of COVID-19 in CT Images with Deep Learning date: 2020-03-10 words: 3548 flesch: 44 summary: However, it is a labor-intensive work for radiologists to annotate hundreds of COVID-19 CT scans. In order to provide delineation for hundreds of the training COVID-19 CT images, which is a tedious and time-consuming work, we proposed a human-in-the-loop (HITL) strategy to iteratively generate the training samples. keywords: covid-19; infection; lung; patients; scans; segmentation; system cache: cord-159554-50077dgk.txt plain text: cord-159554-50077dgk.txt item: #223 of 647 id: cord-167157-z0lvcb3z author: Wang, Xiubin Bruce title: Controlling the Hidden Growth of COVID-19 date: 2020-05-19 words: 4855 flesch: 58 summary: It clarifies the relationship between the infection rate and the test rate to put the epidemic under control, which says that the test rate shall keep up at the same pace as infection rate to prevent an outbreak. As a special case, at low infection rates such as during shelter-in-place, the required detection rate of the infected is roughly equal to the infection rate in order to control the total infected population from growth. keywords: cases; day; infected; infection; rate cache: cord-167157-z0lvcb3z.txt plain text: cord-167157-z0lvcb3z.txt item: #224 of 647 id: cord-169428-g6k0vqrm author: Schurwanz, Max title: Infectious Disease Transmission via Aerosol Propagation from a Molecular Communication Perspective: Shannon Meets Coronavirus date: 2020-10-31 words: 4592 flesch: 43 summary: Recent research in combining these areas has dealt with possible use cases for aerosol communications [6] , and with channel modeling considering infectious aerosols in a point-topoint scenario [7] , [8] . Table I features some duality aspects between air-based MC on the one hand and infectious particle transmission on the other. keywords: aerosols; air; channel; communication; infection; information; particles; transmission; users cache: cord-169428-g6k0vqrm.txt plain text: cord-169428-g6k0vqrm.txt item: #225 of 647 id: cord-174036-b3frnfr7 author: Thomas, Loring J. title: Spatial Heterogeneity Can Lead to Substantial Local Variations in COVID-19 Timing and Severity date: 2020-05-20 words: 6667 flesch: 40 summary: To model networks of potential contacts at scale, we employ spatial network models (19) , which are both computationally tractable and able to capture the effects of geography and population heterogeneity on network structure (20) . We also present chloropleth maps showing spatial variation in peak infection times, as well as the correlations between the infection trajectory within local areal units and the aggregate infection trajectory for the city as a whole. keywords: city; covid-19; days; diffusion; disease; heterogeneity; individuals; infection; models; network; time cache: cord-174036-b3frnfr7.txt plain text: cord-174036-b3frnfr7.txt item: #226 of 647 id: cord-201898-d1vbnjff author: Jha, Vishwajeet title: Forecasting the transmission of Covid-19 in India using a data driven SEIRD model date: 2020-06-08 words: 4667 flesch: 52 summary: In addition, the projections for next days after 28 th May are also shown for various probable scenarios by the straight lines that are used for the extrapolations of infection growth rate. The extrapolations for next 30 days that define various probable scenarios are approximated as a linear reduction or increase from the present value of infection growth rate. keywords: growth; infections; model; number; rate; time; value cache: cord-201898-d1vbnjff.txt plain text: cord-201898-d1vbnjff.txt item: #227 of 647 id: cord-226245-p0cyzjwf author: Schneble, Marc title: Nowcasting fatal COVID-19 infections on a regional level in Germany date: 2020-05-15 words: 5166 flesch: 59 summary: In this paper we pursue the idea of directly modelling registered death counts instead of registered infections. It is important to highlight that the proposed model makes no use of new infection numbers, but only of observed deaths related to Covid-19. keywords: age; covid-19; data; death; infections; model; number; time cache: cord-226245-p0cyzjwf.txt plain text: cord-226245-p0cyzjwf.txt item: #228 of 647 id: cord-242132-fhepdgz9 author: Burlak, Gennadiy title: Is it possible to suspend the spread of an epidemic infection? The dynamic Monte Carlo approach date: 2020-05-28 words: 3204 flesch: 49 summary: We study the spread of epidemiological infection at different values of the risk factors beta with the use of the dynamic Monte Carlo (DMC) method. It is found that the early quarantine off does result in the irregular (with positive Lyapunov exponent) oscillatory dynamics of infection. keywords: dynamics; individuals; infection; quarantine cache: cord-242132-fhepdgz9.txt plain text: cord-242132-fhepdgz9.txt item: #229 of 647 id: cord-248301-hddxaatp author: Howard, Daniel title: Genetic Programming visitation scheduling solution can deliver a less austere COVID-19 pandemic population lockdown date: 2020-06-17 words: 7995 flesch: 57 summary: + I v Predicting the structure of covert networks using genetic programming, cognitive work analysis and social network analysis Genetic programming of the stochastic interpolation framework: convection-diffusion equation Genetic Programming visitation scheduling in lockdown with partial infection model that leverages information from COVID-19 testing Genetic programming solution of the convection-diffusion equation Differential susceptibilty epidemic models Genetic Programming: For each solution, full details of the participants to all visitations, infection levels, numbers self-isolating, in ICU and sadly passed away can be inspected, as well as the variable length vector of real numbers that is the solution and visitation schedule and identity, age and level of infection of all participants recovered, in ICU or deceased. keywords: infection; model; number; people; person; probability; solution; time cache: cord-248301-hddxaatp.txt plain text: cord-248301-hddxaatp.txt item: #230 of 647 id: cord-251991-ghbpga1s author: Harcourt, Jennifer L. title: Evaluation of the Calu-3 cell line as a model of in vitro respiratory syncytial virus infection() date: 2011-03-31 words: 3562 flesch: 32 summary: Results of investigations performed in 1982-1983 Development of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MEDI-493) with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus grown in Vero cells contains a truncated attachment protein that alters its infectivity and dependence on glycosaminoglycans Anti-inflammatory effect of MUC1 during respiratory syncytial virus infection of lung epithelial cells in vitro Decreased replication of human respiratory syncytial virus treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 Respiratory syncytial virus persistence: evidence in the mouse model Bronchiolitis in infants Respiratory syncytial virus matures at the apical surfaces of polarized epithelial cells Lycopene enrichment of cultured airway epithelial cells decreases the inflammation induced by rhinovirus infection and lipopolysaccharide Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among US children Respiratory syncytial virus persistence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Respiratory syncytial virus infection enhances neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion to cultured respiratory epithelial cells Roles of CD18 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 Antigenic analysis of chimeric and truncated G proteins of respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural proteins decrease levels of multiple members of the cellular interferon pathways key: cord-251991-ghbpga1s authors: Harcourt, Jennifer L.; Caidi, Hayat; Anderson, Larry J.; Haynes, Lia M. title: Evaluation of the Calu-3 cell line as a model of in vitro respiratory syncytial virus infection() date: 2011-03-31 journal: J Virol Methods DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.03.027 sha: doc_id: 251991 cord_uid: ghbpga1s Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication is primarily limited to the upper respiratory tract epithelium and primary, differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) have, therefore, been considered a good system for in vitro analysis of lung tissue response to respiratory virus infection and virus–host interactions. keywords: calu-3; cells; infection; nhbe; rsv; virus cache: cord-251991-ghbpga1s.txt plain text: cord-251991-ghbpga1s.txt item: #231 of 647 id: cord-252691-757mh2mh author: Pratt, R. J. title: epic2: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date: 2007-02-28 words: 25529 flesch: 33 summary: A randomized, double-blind trial Decreasing catheter colonization through the use of an antiseptic-impregnated catheter: a continuous quality improvement project A comparison of two antimicrobialimpregnated central venous catheters Efficacy of antiseptic-impregnated central venous catheters in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection: a meta-analysis Prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections Prevention of bloodstream infections with central venous catheters treated with anti-infective agents depends on catheter type and insertion time: evidence from a meta-analysis Prolonged antimicrobial activity of a catheter containing chlorhexidine/silver sulfadiazine extends protection against catheter infections in vivo The clinical and cost effectiveness of central venous catheters treated with anti-microbial agents in preventing bloodstream infections: a systematic review and economic evaluation The pathogenesis and epidemiology of catheter-related infection with pulmonary artery Swan-Ganz catheters: a prospective study utilizing molecular subtyping Prospective multicenter study of vascular-catheter-related complications and risk factors for positive centralcatheter cultures in intensive care unit patients Risk of infection due to central venous catheters: effect of site of placement and catheter type Femoral deep vein thrombosis associated with central venous catheterization: results from a prospective, randomized trial Complications of femoral and subclavian venous catheterization in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial Deep venous thrombosis caused by femoral venous catheters in critically ill adult patients Incidence of deep venous thrombosis associated with femoral venous catheterization A prospective evaluation of the use of femoral venous catheters in critically ill adults Ultrasound guidance for placement of central venous catheters: a meta-analysis of the literature Guidance on the use of ultrasound locating devices for placing central venous catheters Peripheral access options Skin microbiology: coming of age Risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection with peripherally inserted central venous catheters used in hospitalized patients aseptic technique is very important: maximal barrier precautions during insertion reduce the risk of central venous catheter-related bacteremia Improved sterile technique diminishes the incidence of positive line cultures in cardiovascular patients Prevention of central venous catheter-related infections by using maximal sterile barrier precautions during insertion Infections due to Infusion Therapy Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections: Evaluation of CDC Guidelines Catheter-related sepsis: an overview -Part 2 Using maximal sterile barriers to prevent central venous catheter-related infection: A systematic evidence-based review Prospective, randomized trial of two antiseptic solutions for prevention of central venous or arterial catheter colonization and infection in intensive care unit patients Prospective randomized trial of povidone-iodine, alcohol, and chlorhexidine for prevention of infection associated with central venous and arterial catheters Prospective, randomized trial of two antiseptic solutions for prevention of central venous or arterial catheter colonization and infection in intensive care unit patients Guideline for use of topical antimicrobial agents Catheter-related sepsis in long-term parenteral nutrition with Broviac catheters. [181] [182] A systematic review supports these findings in that it suggests that adding bacterial solutions to drainage bags has no effect on catheter associated infection. keywords: alcohol; analysis; bsi; care; catheter; contamination; control; cvad; evidence; gloves; guidelines; hand; healthcare; hospital; hygiene; infection; insertion; meta; national; patients; practice; prevention; recommendations; review; risk; site; studies; study; systematic; use; venous cache: cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt plain text: cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt item: #232 of 647 id: cord-253197-9hjvk7p5 author: Thomas, Evan title: Urinary Tract Infection with Atypical Mycobacteria date: 1980-11-30 words: 1410 flesch: 35 summary: A review of the literature revealed only 13 previous cases of atypical mycobacterial infection of the urinary tract. Differentiation between atypical mycobacterial infection and urinary tuberculosis is important in determining the therapeutic regimen. keywords: infection; mycobacterial; patient; tract cache: cord-253197-9hjvk7p5.txt plain text: cord-253197-9hjvk7p5.txt item: #233 of 647 id: cord-253256-909chgl0 author: Bajwa, Sukhminder Jit Singh title: Peri-operative and critical care concerns in coronavirus pandemic date: 2020-03-28 words: 4550 flesch: 39 summary: In this scenario, it is prudent to follow the national and international guidelines and treat any suspected patient as positive and to take necessary precautions during anaesthesia and critical care of such patients. For any emergency surgery in such patients, planning of anaesthesia becomes very crucial while taking all the necessary precautions. keywords: care; cases; coronavirus; covid-19; health; infection; isolation; novel; patients; pressure; procedure; risk; transmission; use cache: cord-253256-909chgl0.txt plain text: cord-253256-909chgl0.txt item: #234 of 647 id: cord-253761-wjm8ju3v author: Haidopoulou, Katerina title: Human bocavirus infections in hospitalized Greek children date: 2010-03-09 words: 2016 flesch: 47 summary: To define the epidemiological profile and the clinical characteristics associated with HBoV infection in a population of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection. HBoV infections occur in Greece mostly among very young children. keywords: bocavirus; children; hbov; human; infection cache: cord-253761-wjm8ju3v.txt plain text: cord-253761-wjm8ju3v.txt item: #235 of 647 id: cord-254580-nhpjvgt4 author: Ricardo, Jose W. title: Considerations for Safety in the Use of Systemic Medications for Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis during the COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-05-27 words: 2758 flesch: 38 summary: In a pooled safety analysis of two randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) involving psoriasis patients treated with apremilast (n=1184), URIs and nasopharyngitis occurred in 19.2% and 16.6% of patients, respectively; serious infections (urinary tract infection n=2; appendicitis n=3; pneumonia=2) occurred in 1.4%. Anti-TNF-α therapies inhibit a crucial immunological pathway, therefore an immunosuppressive effect and increased infection risk are expected. keywords: infections; patients; psoriasis; risk; treatment cache: cord-254580-nhpjvgt4.txt plain text: cord-254580-nhpjvgt4.txt item: #236 of 647 id: cord-254766-585iu5ey author: Tauro, Sharyn title: Molecular and cellular mechanisms in the viral exacerbation of asthma date: 2008-08-13 words: 5254 flesch: 34 summary: The dynamics that contribute to disease pathogenesis are multifactorial and involve overlapping molecular and cellular mechanisms, particularly the immune response to respiratory virus infection or allergen sensitization. Many small animal models were designed to reveal the pathogenic mechanisms behind the enhancement of allergic sensitization by respiratory virus infections; the increased airway inflammation and responsiveness resulting from allergic airway sensitization following respiratory viral infection and, in those with established allergic airway sensitization, the increased airway inflammation and responsiveness due to respiratory viral infections. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; disease; exacerbation; infection; inflammation; mice; response; rsv; th2; virus cache: cord-254766-585iu5ey.txt plain text: cord-254766-585iu5ey.txt item: #237 of 647 id: cord-255479-yd5cbwnx author: Vu, David M. title: Chikungunya Virus date: 2017-06-30 words: 4098 flesch: 39 summary: The prolonged debilitating arthralgia associated with CHIKV infection has tremendous potential for impacting the global economy and should be considered when evaluating the human burden of disease and the allocation of resources. Developing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of CHIKV infection is a priority and forms the basis for developing effective strategies at infection prevention and disease control. keywords: chikungunya; chikv; disease; epidemic; fever; infection; mice; outbreak; testing; virus cache: cord-255479-yd5cbwnx.txt plain text: cord-255479-yd5cbwnx.txt item: #238 of 647 id: cord-255623-qdpdsye9 author: Pham, Hien T. title: Clinical and Pathogenic Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Treated at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital date: 2020-03-11 words: 2709 flesch: 41 summary: respiratory viral panel fast for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections Mini-symposium: microbiological diagnostic procedures in respiratory infection respiratory virus infection Access to a polymerase chain reaction assay method targeting 13 respiratory viruses can reduce antibiotics: a randomised, controlled trial Diagnostic errors that lead to inappropriate antimicrobial use Multiplex PCR and emerging technologies for the detection of respiratory pathogens Assessment of the usefulness of multiplex real-time PCR tests in the diagnostic and therapeutic process of pneumonia in hospitalized children: a single-center experience Comparison of the Luminex xTAG respiratory viral panel with in-house nucleic acid amplification tests for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections Fully automated nucleic acid extraction: MagNA Pure LC Human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory infections in Vietnam Cellular immunity and lung injury in respiratory virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus infection Pathogen screening and prognostic factors in children with severe ARDS of pulmonary origin Respiratory syncytial virus infections: recent prospects for control Association between C-reactive protein and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults C-reactive protein: ligands, receptors and role in inflammation keywords: children; infections; pcr; tract; viruses; xtag cache: cord-255623-qdpdsye9.txt plain text: cord-255623-qdpdsye9.txt item: #239 of 647 id: cord-255781-55zrmgxq author: Bergman, Scott J. title: Interferons as Therapeutic Agents for Infectious Diseases date: 2011-12-31 words: 6417 flesch: 37 summary: 39 Loss of viral DNA and antibody formation are successful outcomes associated with IFN treatment. 25, 38, 43 However, in 2009 several major studies were published associating a singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) just upstream from interleukin-28B gene (IL28B) with IFN response in patients with HCV genotype 1. keywords: chronic; effects; hcv; hepatitis; ifn; infection; interferon; patients; response; therapy; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-255781-55zrmgxq.txt plain text: cord-255781-55zrmgxq.txt item: #240 of 647 id: cord-256147-lfwytlj3 author: Gabriella, di Mauro title: SARS-Cov-2 infection: response of human immune system and possible implications for the rapid test and treatment date: 2020-04-16 words: 1648 flesch: 45 summary: Apart from tocilizumab, which counteracts inflammatory phenomena deriving mainly from activities of IL-6, other drugs, mainly represented by antivirals (the combined treatment lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, favipiravir, umifenovir), are currently under evaluation for the treatment of SARS-Cov-2 [3] . SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak -an keywords: cov-2; infection; sars; specific cache: cord-256147-lfwytlj3.txt plain text: cord-256147-lfwytlj3.txt item: #241 of 647 id: cord-256282-vqus7vlg author: Cox, Michael J title: Co-infections: potentially lethal and unexplored in COVID-19 date: 2020-04-24 words: 590 flesch: 24 summary: Predominant role of bacterial pneumonia as a cause of death in pandemic influenza: implications for pandemic influenza preparedness The role of pneumonia and secondary bacterial infection in fatal and serious outcomes of pandemic influenza a(H1N1)pdm09 Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Nanopore metagenomics enables rapid clinical diagnosis of bacterial lower respiratory infection For further discussion about co-infection and COVID-19 see Most fatalities in the 1918 influenza outbreak were due to subsequent bacterial infection, particularly with Streptococcus pneumoniae. keywords: infections cache: cord-256282-vqus7vlg.txt plain text: cord-256282-vqus7vlg.txt item: #242 of 647 id: cord-256508-ce59ovan author: Asselah, Tarik title: COVID-19: discovery, diagnostics and drug development date: 2020-10-08 words: 9235 flesch: 42 summary: If RT-qPCR-based molecular assays for detecting SARS CoV-2 in respiratory specimens remain the current reference standard for diagnosis, point-of care technologies, and serologic immunoassays have also rapidly emerged [57] Indeed, antibodies to this protein are frequently detected in COVID-19 patient [64] keywords: antibodies; cell; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; drug; human; immune; infection; liver; patients; remdesivir; samples; sars; study; testing; tests; treatment; virus cache: cord-256508-ce59ovan.txt plain text: cord-256508-ce59ovan.txt item: #243 of 647 id: cord-256827-tht5h1tu author: Jain, Neemisha title: Upper respiratory tract infections date: 2001 words: 2742 flesch: 39 summary: Thus, acute respiratory infection constitutes a significant problem in childhood and the majority of these infections are upper respiratory infection. Acute respiratory infection Magnitude of acute respiratory infection in under five Acute respiratory infection in Children-a survey in the rural community An Indian hospital study of viral causes of acute respiratory infections in children Resistant pneumococci: protecting patients through judicious antibiotic use The common coldprinciples of judicious use of antimicrobial agents Principles of judicious use of antimicrobial agents for pediatric upper respiratory infections Acute sinusitisprinciples of judicious use of antimicrobial agents Pharyngitis-Principles of judicious use of antimicrobial agents Frequency and severity of infections in daycare The epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of the common cold Infections of the upper respiratory tract Respiratory viral infection in childhood. keywords: acute; antibiotics; cold; infection; pharyngitis; sinusitis cache: cord-256827-tht5h1tu.txt plain text: cord-256827-tht5h1tu.txt item: #244 of 647 id: cord-257114-pxmflm2c author: BURGUETE, SERGIO R. title: Lung transplant infection date: 2012-12-26 words: 11402 flesch: 31 summary: Invasive lung infection with Candida is very infrequent even in the LT recipient colonized with Candida. The incidence of CMV infection has been reported to range from 30% to 86% in post-LTR, with a mortality of 2-12%. keywords: cmv; disease; fungal; infection; ltr; lung; lung transplantation; mortality; organ; patients; prophylaxis; recipients; rejection; risk; study; therapy; transplant; transplantation; treatment cache: cord-257114-pxmflm2c.txt plain text: cord-257114-pxmflm2c.txt item: #245 of 647 id: cord-257255-n5o368ih author: Barker, J. title: Spread and prevention of some common viral infections in community facilities and domestic homes date: 2001-12-21 words: 9247 flesch: 39 summary: The importance of hands in the transmission of virus infections is well recognized and many of the studies cited in this review relate speci®cally to handwashing interventions. Respiratory syncytial virus infections occur all over the world and outbreaks are common in the cold season in temperate climates and in the rainy season in tropical climates. keywords: care; centres; children; contamination; et al; gastroenteritis; hands; hygiene; infection; outbreaks; rotavirus; spread; surfaces; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-257255-n5o368ih.txt plain text: cord-257255-n5o368ih.txt item: #246 of 647 id: cord-257299-z9u12yqb author: Mansi, N. title: Ear, nose and throat manifestation of viral systemic infections in pediatric patients date: 2009-12-31 words: 5785 flesch: 39 summary: Treatment and prevention Utility of DNA microarrays for detection of viruses in acute respiratory tract infections in children Premorbid factors and outcome associated with respiratory virus infections in a pediatric intensive care unit. Premorbid factors and outcome associated with respiratory virus infections in a pediatric intensive care unit Inner ear and facial nerve complications of acute otitis media with focus on bacteriology and virology Malattie delle tonsille palatine e loro trattamento Upper respiratory virus detection without parent-reported illness in children is virus-specific Le basi patogenetiche delle infezioni respiratorie ricorrenti. keywords: acute; cases; children; complications; days; deafness; ebv; illness; infection; papillomatosis; period; treatment; virus cache: cord-257299-z9u12yqb.txt plain text: cord-257299-z9u12yqb.txt item: #247 of 647 id: cord-257392-u6jy6w1m author: Zhao, Yanfeng title: Proteomic analysis of primary duck hepatocytes infected with duck hepatitis B virus date: 2010-06-07 words: 6069 flesch: 33 summary: In vitro experimental infection of primary human hepatocytes with hepatitis B virus Infection of a human hepatoma cell line by hepatitis B virus Initiation of hepatitis B virus genome replication and production of infectious virus following delivery in HepG2 cells by novel recombinant baculovirus vector Persistence of the hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA in HepaRG human hepatocyte-like cells Age-related differences in amplification of covalently closed circular DNA at early times after duck hepatitis B virus infection of ducks Treatment of chronic viral hepatitis in woodchucks by prolonged intrahepatic expression of interleukin-12 Proteome analysis of cultivar-specific deregulations of Oryza sativa indica and O. sativa japonica cellular suspensions undergoing rice yellow mottle virus infection Identification of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) target proteins by proteome analysis: activation of EBNA2 in conditionally immortalized B cells reflects early events after infection of primary B cells by EBV Proteomic analysis of tobacco mosaic virus-infected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.) fruits and detection of viral coat protein Identification of cellular proteins modified in response to African swine fever virus infection by proteomics Proteomic analysis of cellular protein alterations using a hepatitis B virus-producing cellular model Proteomic analysis of HepaRG cells: a novel cell line that supports hepatitis B virus infection Proteomic analysis of hepatitis B surface antigen positive transgenic mouse liver and decrease of cyclophilin A Duck hepatitis B virus: an invaluable model system for HBV infection Infection and uptake of duck hepatitis B virus by duck hepatocytes maintained in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide Temporal proteome and lipidome profiles reveal hepatitis C virus-associated reprogramming of hepatocellular metabolism and bioenergetics Gene expression in primate liver during viral hemorrhagic fever Cellular proteins in influenza virus particles Quantitative proteomic analysis of lentiviral vectors using 2-DE Identification of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as a cellular protein that binds to the hepatitis B virus posttranscriptional regulatory element Phosphorylation of the hepatitis B virus core protein by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein kinase activity Protein kinase and NOstimulated ADP-ribosyltransferase activities associated with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isolated from human liver Almeras L: Identification of cellular proteome modifications in response to West Nile virus infection Proteomics analysis of host cells infected with infectious bursal disease virus Quantitative analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus-infected cells using proteomic approaches: implications for cellular responses to virus infection Itinerary of hepatitis b viruses: delineation of restriction points critical for infectious entry Actin in transcription and transcription regulation Actin-based motility of vaccinia virus Local actin polymerization and dynamin recruitment in SV40-induced internalization of caveolae Cellular motility driven by assembly and disassembly of actin filaments Adenovirus endocytosis requires actin cytoskeleton reorganization mediated by Rho family GTPases Establishment of a functional human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcription complex involves the cytoskeleton SFV infection in CHO cells: cell-type specific restrictions to productive virus entry at the cell surface Escape of herpesviruses from the nucleus US3 of herpes simplex virus type 1 encodes a promiscuous protein kinase that phosphorylates and alters localization of lamin A/C in infected cells Effects of lamin A/C, lamin B1, and viral US3 kinase activity on viral infectivity, virion egress, and the targeting of herpes simplex virus U(L)34-encoded protein to the inner nuclear membrane Epstein-Barr virus BGLF4 kinase induces disassembly of the nuclear lamina to facilitate virion production Glutamine metabolism is essential for human cytomegalovirus infection Molecular chaperones in the cytosol: from nascent chain to folded protein Hsp70 chaperones: cellular functions and molecular mechanism Proteomics analysis of the tombusvirus replicase: Hsp70 molecular chaperone is associated with the replicase and enhances viral RNA replication The cellular chaperone heat shock protein 90 facilitates Flock House virus RNA replication in Drosophila cells Heat shock protein 90 and heat shock protein 70 are components of dengue virus receptor complex in human cells Efficient Hsp90-independent in vitro activation by Hsc70 and Hsp40 of duck hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, an assumed Hsp90 client protein Hepatitis B virus replication causes oxidative stress in HepAD38 liver cells Betulinic acid-mediated inhibitory effect on hepatitis B virus by suppression of manganese superoxide dismutase expression Epstein-Barr virus induces an oxidative stress during the early stages of infection in B lymphocytes, epithelial, and lymphoblastoid cell lines Annexin 2: a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag binding protein involved in replication in monocyte-derived macrophages Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor binds to annexin II, a cofactor for macrophage HIV-1 infection Annexin II enhances cytomegalovirus binding and fusion to phospholipid membranes Annexin II incorporated into influenza virus particles supports virus replication by converting plasminogen into plasmin Association of hepatitis B virus polymerase with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies mediated by the S100 family protein p11 Proteome responses to stable hepatitis B virus transfection and following interferon alpha treatment in human liver cell line HepG2 Suitable reference genes for real-time PCR in human HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with different clinical prognoses Selection of reference genes for real-time PCR in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues Validation of putative reference genes for gene expression studies in human hepatocellular carcinoma using real-time quantitative RT-PCR Determination of suitable housekeeping genes for normalisation of quantitative real time PCR analysis of cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus and herpes viruses Reference gene selection for quantitative real-time PCR analysis in virus infected cells: SARS corona virus, Yellow fever virus, Human Herpesvirus-6, Camelpox virus and Cytomegalovirus infections A protein-based set of reference markers for liver tissues and hepatocellular carcinoma Efficient duck hepatitis B virus production by an avian liver tumor cell line Rapid resolution of duck hepatitis B virus infections occurs after massive hepatocellular involvement YZ were responsible for PDHs culture, virus infection and sample preparation. keywords: actin; analysis; annexin; cells; dhbv; duck; expression; hepatitis; human; infection; pdhs; protein; spots; virus cache: cord-257392-u6jy6w1m.txt plain text: cord-257392-u6jy6w1m.txt item: #248 of 647 id: cord-257399-p6of5fno author: Gentry, Chris A title: Long-term hydroxychloroquine use in patients with rheumatic conditions and development of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study date: 2020-09-21 words: 4538 flesch: 35 summary: In this study, the proportion of patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection did not differ between people with rheumatological conditions who received hydroxychloroquine and those who did not, suggesting that chronic hydroxychloroquine might not have a role in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to examine whether patients with rheumatological conditions receiving chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy are at less risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection than those not receiving hydroxychloroquine. keywords: cov-2; data; hydroxychloroquine; infection; march; patients; propensity; sars; study; variables cache: cord-257399-p6of5fno.txt plain text: cord-257399-p6of5fno.txt item: #249 of 647 id: cord-257467-b8o5ghvi author: Smith, Barbara A. title: Anesthesia as a Risk for Health Care Acquired Infections date: 2010-12-31 words: 4508 flesch: 38 summary: Measures to reduce infection risk associated with intubation and mechanical ventilation deal with technique and equipment. Health care associated infections involving anesthesia have been transmitted from health care worker to patient, patient to patient, and patient to the anesthesia provider. keywords: anesthesia; care; colleagues; contamination; health; infection; intubation; patient; risk; use cache: cord-257467-b8o5ghvi.txt plain text: cord-257467-b8o5ghvi.txt item: #250 of 647 id: cord-257539-01s21vh0 author: Delvecchio, Rodrigo title: Chloroquine, an Endocytosis Blocking Agent, Inhibits Zika Virus Infection in Different Cell Models date: 2016-11-29 words: 5676 flesch: 47 summary: A case study Zika virus impairs growth in human neurospheres and brain organoids Zika Virus Infects Human Cortical Neural Progenitors and Attenuates Their Growth Zika virus outbreak on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia Zika virus infection experimentally induced in a human volunteer Guillain-Barré Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: A case-control study Leparc-Goffart, I. Evidence of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus Male-to-Male Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus -Texas Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy Pregnancy Outcome Following First Trimester Exposure to Chloroquine Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus infectivity by chloroquine In vitro inhibition of human influenza We demonstrate that chloroquine reduces the number of ZIKV-infected cells in vitro, and inhibits virus production and cell death promoted by ZIKV infection without cytotoxic effects. keywords: cells; chloroquine; figure; gibco; infection; mr766; neurospheres; post; replication; vero; virus; zika; zikv cache: cord-257539-01s21vh0.txt plain text: cord-257539-01s21vh0.txt item: #251 of 647 id: cord-257644-9f30s0gy author: Mu, Xingjiang title: Comparative transcriptional analysis reveals distinct expression patterns of channel catfish genes after the first infection and re-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila date: 2013-09-12 words: 6273 flesch: 46 summary: Statistical differences of expression levels of up-regulated genes at different time points after first infection compared to that after the second infection were analyzed with ManneWhitney U significance test, a well-known non-parametric statistical hypothesis test to assess whether one of two samples of independent observations tends to have larger values than the other. The significantly (P < 0.05) higher expression levels of TLR20-1 induced by first infection compared to that by second infection peaked at 3 hpi, followed by a decreased peak at 24 hpi ( Fig. 2A) . keywords: catfish; channel; expression; fig; fish; genes; hpi; hydrophila; infection; lysozyme; time; type cache: cord-257644-9f30s0gy.txt plain text: cord-257644-9f30s0gy.txt item: #252 of 647 id: cord-257662-viy65y72 author: Burrack, Kristina S. title: The Role of Myeloid Cell Activation and Arginine Metabolism in the Pathogenesis of Virus-Induced Diseases date: 2014-09-08 words: 9059 flesch: 22 summary: Cardiac virus titers were equivalent in all mouse strains indicating that NKT cells did not participate in control of virus infection (31) . For example, it was recently demonstrated that SARS-CoV infection of mice induced suppressive alveolar macrophages that inhibited the induction of antiviral T cell responses, a phenotype that was reversed by the adoptive transfer of activated bone marrow-derived DCs into mice prior to virus infection (56) . keywords: antiviral; arg1; cells; expression; immune; infection; influenza; inos; macrophages; mice; nitric; oxide; role; virus cache: cord-257662-viy65y72.txt plain text: cord-257662-viy65y72.txt item: #253 of 647 id: cord-257729-s0vo7dlk author: Bauer, Melissa title: Obstetric Anesthesia During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic date: 2020-04-20 words: 4289 flesch: 28 summary: In principle, the clinical characteristics reported in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 infection in China have been consistent with those reported among nonpregnant adults, with better maternal and neonatal outcomes with COVID-19 infection compared with the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak from SARS CoV 1 infection. It is imperative to establish a back-up team to care for patients without COVID-19 infection due to the time-intensive tasks of donning/doffing PPE, transporting the patient, providing anesthetic care, and performing surgery in patients with active COVID-19 infection. keywords: anesthesia; care; cesarean; coronavirus; covid-19; delivery; infection; labor; patients; women cache: cord-257729-s0vo7dlk.txt plain text: cord-257729-s0vo7dlk.txt item: #254 of 647 id: cord-258145-usr7b6dk author: Abdulah, Deldar Morad title: Relation of Dietary Factors with Infection and Mortality Rates of COVID-19 Across the World date: 2020-07-04 words: 3995 flesch: 45 summary: The study showed that the countries with higher infection rates between 1500 and above had a higher intake of fruits (P=0.002), fruit juices (P<0.001), calcium (P<0.001), potassium (P<0.001), and total milk (P<0.001). Therefore, we can make the further hypothesis that the aged population of the countries with high infection rates has been the main factor in the low immune system. keywords: countries; covid-19; fruits; immune; infection; intake; mortality; rate cache: cord-258145-usr7b6dk.txt plain text: cord-258145-usr7b6dk.txt item: #255 of 647 id: cord-258333-jmk8hdk2 author: Sivier, V title: Place des viroses respiratoires dans les hyperthermies de sujets âgés hospitalisés au cours d’une saison hivernale date: 2001-12-10 words: 2658 flesch: 46 summary: L'étude a porté sur 503 sujets répartis en 176 sujets (35 %) dans le service de court séjour de 29 lits (neuf chambres seules et dix chambres à deux lits), 79 sujets (16 %) dans un service de moyen séjour à orientation rééducation de 29 lits (sept chambres seules, huit chambres à deux lits et deux chambres L'épidémie nosocomiale de virus respiratoire syncytial est survenue dans un service de long séjour avec des locaux communs et exigus, chez des patients porteurs de multiples maladies et souvent déments. keywords: dans; des; infections; les; patients; respiratoire; syncytial; une; virus; été cache: cord-258333-jmk8hdk2.txt plain text: cord-258333-jmk8hdk2.txt item: #256 of 647 id: cord-258336-zs04l3s0 author: Leotte, Jaqueline title: Impact and seasonality of human rhinovirus infection in hospitalized patients for two consecutive years date: 2017-06-30 words: 3257 flesch: 39 summary: Marcone et al. 10 reported a higher number of HRV infections in hospitalized children in Argentina when compared with pediatric outpatients with acute respiratory infection, demonstrating a scenario that contributed to the increased concern about HRV infection in the hospital setting. This research had some limitations: (i) it was a retrospective study and some medical records were incomplete; (ii) HRV species were not identified, which would have yielded important data since the genotypes reportedly have different virulence; (iii) this analysis was carried out only with hospitalized patients, which may have overestimated the impact of HRV infection; and (iv) it was not possible to evaluate the frequency of nosocomial HRV infection, data critical to guide preventive measures in the most affected settings. keywords: cases; hrv; infections; patients; study cache: cord-258336-zs04l3s0.txt plain text: cord-258336-zs04l3s0.txt item: #257 of 647 id: cord-259050-482nk9je author: Mätz‐Rensing, K. title: Outbreak of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection in a group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) date: 2009-06-07 words: 2349 flesch: 48 summary: Two died suddenly without obvious clinical findings (animals No. 3, 4), one of these was a pregnant one (animal No. 3). Conclusions The infection was passed on from animal to animal but did not spread to the other five breeding groups nearby. keywords: animals; equi; infection; outbreak; subsp; zooepidemicus cache: cord-259050-482nk9je.txt plain text: cord-259050-482nk9je.txt item: #258 of 647 id: cord-259194-9zllvfqb author: Cupples, Sandra A. title: Transplant Infectious Disease: Implications for Critical Care Nurses date: 2011-11-02 words: 4470 flesch: 33 summary: It is important to note that treatment of donor infections itself can further increase the potential donor's risk of iatrogenic infection, for example, via the insertion of intravascular catheters for antimicrobial therapy, the administration of immunomodulating medications such as corticosteroids, and prolonged hospitalization. Thus, liver transplant recipients with CMV infections are prone to develop vanishing bile duct syndrome, heart transplants recipients are at risk for coronary artery vasculopathy, lung transplant recipients are at risk for bronchiolitis obliterans, and so forth. keywords: cmv; device; donor; heart; infections; organ; patient; potential; recipients; risk; transplant cache: cord-259194-9zllvfqb.txt plain text: cord-259194-9zllvfqb.txt item: #259 of 647 id: cord-259422-5ex12eun author: Graat, Judith M title: A prospective, community-based study on virologic assessment among elderly people with and without symptoms of acute respiratory infection date: 2003-12-11 words: 3903 flesch: 38 summary: key: cord-259422-5ex12eun authors: Graat, Judith M; Schouten, Evert G; Heijnen, Marie-Louise A; Kok, Frans J; Pallast, Esther G.M; de Greeff, Sabine C; Dorigo-Zetsma, J.Wendelien title: A prospective, community-based study on virologic assessment among elderly people with and without symptoms of acute respiratory infection date: 2003-12-11 journal: J Clin Epidemiol DOI: 10.1016/s0895-4356(03)00171-9 sha: doc_id: 259422 cord_uid: 5ex12eun BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Community-based elderly studies concerning microbiology of acute respiratory infections are scarce. In a 1-year community-based study, we prospectively investigated the possible virologic cause of acute respiratory infections in 107 symptomatic case episodes and 91 symptom-free control periods. keywords: acute; case; controls; infection; persons; study; symptoms cache: cord-259422-5ex12eun.txt plain text: cord-259422-5ex12eun.txt item: #260 of 647 id: cord-259823-ia1g5dt4 author: Gowin, Ewelina title: Assessment of the Usefulness of Multiplex Real-Time PCR Tests in the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Process of Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children: A Single-Center Experience date: 2017-01-15 words: 3884 flesch: 40 summary: Estimates of world-wide distribution of child deaths from acute respiratory infections Acute respiratory infections in children Procalcitonin, Creactive protein and leukocyte count in children with lower respiratory tract infection British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America Rekomendacje postępowania w pozaszpitalnych zakażeniach układu oddechowego Viral pneumonia Impact of viral infections in children with community-acquired pneumonia: results of a study of 17 respiratory viruses Clinical and socioeconomic impact of different types and subtypes of seasonal influenza viruses in children during influenza seasons Development of a respiratory virus panel test for detection of twenty human respiratory viruses by use of multiplex PCR and a fluid microbead-based assay Multiplex PCR and emerging technologies for the detection of respiratory pathogens Performance of a novel microarray multiplex PCR for the detection of 23 respiratory pathogens (SYMP-ARI study) Clinical impact of RT-PCR for pediatric acute respiratory infections: a controlled clinical trial Epidemiological investigation of nine respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children in Germany using multiplex reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction The use of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for diagnosing acute respiratory viral infections in children attending an emergency unit Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children based on WHO clinical guidelines Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized school-age children: evidence for high prevalence of viral infections Epidemiology and virology of acute respiratory infections during the first year of life: a birth cohort study in Vietnam Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children Viral infections in immunocompromised patients Frequent detection of viral coinfection in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction Antibiotic therapy for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: do we know when, what and for how long to treat? New options in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus disease Successful treatment of parainfluenza virus respiratory tract infection with DAS181 in 4 immunocompromised children Chemotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infections: the final breakthrough All authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. FTD respiratory pathogens 33 is an in vitro test with eight multiplex real-time PCR reactions for the qualitative detection of the following viruses, bacteria, and fungi causing respiratory infections: influenza A, B, and C; parainfluenza viruses 1 keywords: children; group; patients; pcr; pneumonia; results; tests cache: cord-259823-ia1g5dt4.txt plain text: cord-259823-ia1g5dt4.txt item: #261 of 647 id: cord-260267-nau9kayk author: Ren, Lili title: Human parainfluenza virus type 4 infection in Chinese children with lower respiratory tract infections: A comparison study date: 2011-06-01 words: 2015 flesch: 50 summary: Although HPIV-4 has been associated with mild ARTIs for years, recent investigations have also associated HPIV-4 infection with severe respiratory syndromes and with outbreaks of ARTIs in children. The median patient age was 20 months for HPIV-4 infections and 7–11 months for HPIV-1, -2, and -3 infections, but the clinical manifestations did not differ significantly between HPIV-1, -2, -3, and -4 infections. keywords: hpiv-4; hpivs; infections; patients cache: cord-260267-nau9kayk.txt plain text: cord-260267-nau9kayk.txt item: #262 of 647 id: cord-260472-xvvfguht author: Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G. title: Antimicrobial strategies: An option to treat allergy? date: 2007-01-31 words: 5112 flesch: 20 summary: Effects on cell differentials and soluble markers in sputum in asthmatic subjects Rhinovirus replication in human macrophages induces NF-kappaB-dependent tumor necrosis factor alpha production Rhinovirus infection induces expression of its own receptor intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) via increased NF-kappaB-mediated transcription Respiratory epithelial cell expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and its up-regulation by rhinovirus infection via NF-kappaB and GATA transcription factors Rhinovirus infection preferentially increases lower airway responsiveness in allergic subjects Duration of postviral airway hyperresponsiveness in children with asthma: effect of atopy The role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in the relationship between air pollution and asthma among children Effect of experimental rhinovirus 16 colds on airway hyperresponsiveness to histamine and interleukin-8 in nasal lavage in asthmatic subjects in vivo Rhinovirus inhalation causes long-lasting excessive airway narrowing in response to methacholine in asthmatic subjects in vivo Experimental rhinovirus 16 infection causes variable airway obstruction in subjects with atopic asthma Rhinovirus infection induces major histocompatibility complex class I and costimulatory molecule upregulation on respiratory epithelial cells Relationship of upper and lower airway cytokines to outcome of experimental rhinovirus infection Cytokines in asthma Asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells have a deficient innate immune response to infection with rhinovirus Expression of costimulatory molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of atopic asthmatic children during virus-induced asthma exacerbations Lower airways inflammation during rhinovirus colds in normal and in asthmatic subjects Nerve growth factor and nerve growth factor receptors in respiratory syncytial virus-infected lungs The role of neural inflammation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Neurotrophin overexpression in lower airways of infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection A defective type 1 response to rhinovirus in atopic asthma Atopic phenotype in children is associated with decreased virus-induced interferon-alpha release Impaired virus-induced interferon-alpha2 release in adult asthmatic patients IL-4 and interferon-gamma production in children with atopic disease Rhinovirus-induced interferon-gamma and airway responsiveness in asthma Antigen-nonspecific recruitment of Th2 cells to the lung as a mechanism for viral infection-induced allergic asthma Personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the severity of virus-induced asthma in children Epidemiology of childhood asthma Are non-allergenic environmental factors important in asthma? Air pollution and infection in respiratory illness Nitrogen dioxide exposure: effects on airway and blood cells Synergism between rhinovirus infection and oxidant pollutant exposure enhances airway epithelial cell cytokine production Study of modifiable risk factors for asthma exacerbations: virus infection and allergen exposure increase the risk of asthma hospital admissions in children Synergism between allergens and viruses and risk of hospital admission with asthma: case-control study Presence of asthma risk factors and environmental exposures related to upper respiratory infection-triggered wheezing in middle school-age children Trial of roxithromycin in subjects with asthma and serological evidence of infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in asthma: effect of clarithromycin Immunomodulatory activity and effectiveness of macrolides in chronic airway disease Clinical implications of the immunomodulatory effects of macrolides Chlamydia pneumoniae immunoglobulin A reactivation and airway inflammation in acute asthma Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and asthma Chlamydia and apoptosis: life and death decisions of an intracellular pathogen The development of asthma in children infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae is dependent on the modifying effect of mannose-binding lectin The effect of telithromycin in acute exacerbations of asthma Vaccines, vaccination, and vaccinology Prophylaxis with palivizumab against respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants with congenital heart diseasedwho should receive it? Immunopathology of RSV infection: prospects for developing vaccines without this complication Incidence of adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated worldwide from 1994 to 2005: a cause for concern Adamantane resistance among influenza A viruses isolated early during the 2005e2006 influenza season in the United States Antiviral resistance in influenza viruseseimplications for management and pandemic response Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility network position statement: antiviral resistance in influenza A/H5N1 viruses The structure of H5N1 avian influenza neuraminidase suggests new opportunities for drug design Comparison of the efficacy and safety of live attenuated cold-adapted influenza vaccine, trivalent, with trivalent inactivated influenza virus vaccine in children and adolescents with asthma Estimating efficacy of trivalent, cold-adapted, influenza virus vaccine (CAIV-T) against influenza A (H1N1) and B using surveillance cultures Safety and efficacy of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in young children: a summary for the new era of routine vaccination Direct and total effectiveness of the intranasal, live-attenuated, trivalent cold-adapted influenza virus vaccine against the 2000e2001 influenza A(H1N1) and B epidemic in healthy children Randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial on effect of inactivated influenza vaccine on pulmonary function in asthma Influenza vaccination in children with asthma: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial IFN-lambdas mediate antiviral protection through a distinct class II cytokine receptor complex Prevention of rhinovirus colds by human interferon alpha-2 from Escherichia coli Efficacy and tolerance of intranasally applied recombinant leukocyte A interferon in normal volunteers Intranasal interferon alpha 2 for prevention of rhinovirus infection and illness Intranasal interferon-alpha 2 prophylaxis of natural respiratory virus infection Intranasal interferonalpha 2b for seasonal prophylaxis of respiratory infection Interferon-beta ser as prophylaxis against experimental rhinovirus infection in volunteers Tolerance and efficacy of intranasal administration of recombinant beta serine interferon in healthy adults Ineffectiveness of recombinant interferon-beta serine nasal drops for prophylaxis of natural colds Role of deficient type III interferon-lambda production in asthma exacerbations Comparative susceptibility of respiratory viruses to recombinant interferons-alpha 2b and -beta Combined antiviral and antimediator treatment of rhinovirus colds Corticosteroids inhibit rhinovirus-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 up-regulation and promoter activation on respiratory epithelial cells Rhinovirus-induced airway inflammation in asthma: effect of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids before and during experimental infection A randomized controlled trial of glucocorticoid prophylaxis against experimental rhinovirus infection Doubling the dose of inhaled corticosteroid to prevent asthma exacerbations: randomised controlled trial Doubling the dose of budesonide versus maintenance treatment in asthma exacerbations Combination therapy: [124] can block pro-inflammatory mechanisms induced by virus infections in airway epithelial cells, although in vitro evidence has not been paralleled by convincing clinical data. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; children; chronic; exacerbations; infection; influenza; pneumoniae; rhinovirus; virus; viruses cache: cord-260472-xvvfguht.txt plain text: cord-260472-xvvfguht.txt item: #263 of 647 id: cord-260605-smkr7b15 author: Vestby, Lene K. title: Bacterial Biofilm and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Disease date: 2020-02-03 words: 12146 flesch: 35 summary: Mucoid colonies are only found in patients with chronic biofilm infection and alginate from mucoid colonies is therefore a biofilm-specific antigen. Mucoid colonies are only found in patients with chronic biofilm infection and alginate from mucoid colonies is therefore a biofilm-specific antigen. keywords: associated; aureus; bacteria; biofilm; cells; chronic; disease; formation; infections; mastitis; media; microscopy; model; otitis; pathogenesis; patients; presence; studies cache: cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt plain text: cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt item: #264 of 647 id: cord-260679-tm1s6wvj author: Lim, Wei Shen title: Pneumonia—Overview date: 2020-05-20 words: 6882 flesch: 35 summary: A systematic review Peto TE, and Infections in Oxfordshire Research Database (IORD) (2016) Increasing burden of community-acquired pneumonia leading to hospitalisation Corticosteroids in sepsis: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis Mortality reduction among pneumonia patients still substantial despite the impact of coding changes Host-response biomarkers for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory tract infections Procalcitonin to initiate or discontinue antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections HIV-1 and bacterial pneumonia in the era of antiretroviral therapy Diagnosis of pneumonia in the ED has poor accuracy despite diagnostic uncertainty Alcohol and the risk of pneumonia: Pneumococcal pneumonia caused 55% of LRI deaths in all ages (1.5 million deaths). keywords: cap; diagnosis; hospital; immune; incidence; infection; mortality; pathogens; patients; pneumonia; risk; treatment cache: cord-260679-tm1s6wvj.txt plain text: cord-260679-tm1s6wvj.txt item: #265 of 647 id: cord-260700-u12aa739 author: Kainulainen, Leena title: Recurrent and persistent respiratory tract viral infections in patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia date: 2010-06-10 words: 3695 flesch: 43 summary: The occurrence of respiratory tract viral infections in patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia has not been studied. Despite adequate immunoglobulin replacement therapy, patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia have increased susceptibility to respiratory tract viral infections. keywords: hypogammaglobulinemia; infections; nasal; patients; respiratory; rhinoviral; sputum; tract; viruses cache: cord-260700-u12aa739.txt plain text: cord-260700-u12aa739.txt item: #266 of 647 id: cord-261150-cdo7y3ob author: Fthenakis, G. C. title: Interactions between parasitic infections and reproductive efficiency in sheep date: 2015-02-28 words: 8113 flesch: 28 summary: In a field study, trematode infections (F. hepatica and D. dendriticum) in lactating multiparous ewes have led to increased incidence of clinical or subclinical mastitis during the first two weeks post-partum (Mavrogianni et al., 2014) . It is interesting to note that in one of these studies (Mavrogianni et al., 2014) , the association between trematode infection and mastitis was shown in the immediately post-partum period, when relaxation of immunity (Sections 6.2 and 8.1) would be present. keywords: administration; animals; anthelmintic; effects; energy; et al; ewes; infections; lambs; mating; milk; parasitism; period; pregnancy; production; rams; reproductive; sheep cache: cord-261150-cdo7y3ob.txt plain text: cord-261150-cdo7y3ob.txt item: #267 of 647 id: cord-261756-4lybl57r author: Dubert, Marie title: Late viral or bacterial respiratory infections in lung transplanted patients: impact on respiratory function date: 2020-02-24 words: 4190 flesch: 40 summary: The pathogenesis and management of influenza virus infection in organ transplant recipients Incidence and morbidity of human metapneumovirus and other community-acquired respiratory viruses in lung transplant recipients Rhinovirus and other respiratory viruses exert different effects on lung allograft function that are not mediated through acute rejection Respiratory virus infections and chronic lung allograft dysfunction: assessment of virology determinants Symptomatic respiratory virus infection and chronic lung allograft dysfunction Viral respiratory tract infection during the first postoperative year is a risk factor for chronic rejection after lung transplantation Respiratory viruses in lung transplant recipients: a critical review and pooled analysis of clinical studies The epidemiology of parainfluenza virus infection in lung transplant recipients Human metapneumovirus infection in lung transplant recipients: clinical presentation and epidemiology Upper and lower respiratory tract viral infections and acute graft rejection in lung transplant recipients Development of a respiratory virus panel test for detection of twenty human respiratory viruses by use of multiplex PCR and a fluid microbeadbased assay Incidence and outcomes of respiratory viral infections in lung transplant recipients: a prospective study Comparison of the Luminex xTAG Therefore, it seems important to assess the impact of respiratory viral infections on the graft function: to emphasize the prevention of viral infections for immunocompromised with more frequent sampling of patients including wide respiratory virus detection by molecular techniques and to strengthen spirometric controls after viral infections. keywords: bos; inclusion; infections; lung; months; patients; study; transplantation cache: cord-261756-4lybl57r.txt plain text: cord-261756-4lybl57r.txt item: #268 of 647 id: cord-261867-6n0g3bz5 author: Evermann, James F. title: Canine Reproductive, Respiratory, and Ocular Diseases due to Canine Herpesvirus date: 2011-10-28 words: 8827 flesch: 38 summary: Nonspecific clinical signs associated with CHV ocular infection in mature dogs include blepharospasm, photophobia, and ocular discharge. Nonulcerative keratitis is a less frequent lesion reported with CHV ocular infection. keywords: canine; chv; chv infection; colleagues; corneal; disease; dogs; herpesvirus; infected; infection; lesions; pcr; reactivation; shedding; virus cache: cord-261867-6n0g3bz5.txt plain text: cord-261867-6n0g3bz5.txt item: #269 of 647 id: cord-262104-oig3qrr7 author: Brüssow, Harald title: COVID‐19: Test, Trace and Isolate‐New Epidemiological Data date: 2020-06-08 words: 7130 flesch: 50 summary: One in ten of >1'300 accredited nursing facilities reported COVID-19 cases. The control measures that stopped the epidemic locally have included: intense infection surveillance of incoming travelers; isolation of COVID-19 cases in hospitals; contact tracing and quarantine in holiday camps; and school closure but no lock-down, thus preventing the crisis from having a negative economic impact. keywords: cases; china; cov-2; covid-19; deaths; epidemic; health; infection; influenza; number; population; rate; sars; transmission cache: cord-262104-oig3qrr7.txt plain text: cord-262104-oig3qrr7.txt item: #270 of 647 id: cord-262524-ununcin0 author: Bankhead, Armand title: A Simulation Framework to Investigate in vitro Viral Infection Dynamics date: 2011-12-31 words: 4247 flesch: 45 summary: These viral particles are released by infected cells according to a specific function based on time post infection, and move over the well with a random walk algorithm. By definition the proportion of infected cells is given by the Poisson distribution that describes the infection process keywords: cells; data; dynamics; infection; model; particles; time; titer; virus cache: cord-262524-ununcin0.txt plain text: cord-262524-ununcin0.txt item: #271 of 647 id: cord-262892-n38r8n70 author: Sheikh, Jamila title: Nutritional Care of the Child with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the United States: A Historical and Contemporary Perspective date: 2015-05-08 words: 6642 flesch: 32 summary: The global pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has had grave consequences in the lives of affected infants, children, and adolescents, with more than 33% of infant and child mortality attributed to HIV infection in endemic locations [1] . In adults, opportunistic infections (OIs) are often secondary to the reactivation of pathogens acquired before HIV infection. keywords: cart; children; disease; fat; growth; hiv; infants; infection; nutrition; states; therapy; united; virus; weight cache: cord-262892-n38r8n70.txt plain text: cord-262892-n38r8n70.txt item: #272 of 647 id: cord-263744-zrzwhu0j author: Lin, Sheng-Wen title: Potential Trends of Point-of-Care Diagnostics—The Next Generation of the Laboratory Diagnosis date: 2020-09-30 words: 1715 flesch: 35 summary: Non-invasive sample analysis provides several advantages; it is painless, enables self-collection, and offers superior safety for both patient and doctor. Non-invasive sample analysis provides several advantages; it is painless, enables self-collection, and offers superior safety for both patient and doctor. keywords: biomarkers; children; infections; use cache: cord-263744-zrzwhu0j.txt plain text: cord-263744-zrzwhu0j.txt item: #273 of 647 id: cord-263749-bbhh5xb1 author: Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée title: Enhancing innate immunity against virus in times of COVID-19: trying to untangle facts from fictions date: 2020-10-09 words: 4134 flesch: 0 summary: Results For each of these interventions we briefly comment on their definition, possible mechanisms and evidence of clinical efficacy or lack of it, especially focusing on respiratory tract infections, viral infections and eventually a reduced mortality in severe respiratory infections in the intensive care unit. With the use of Pidotimod there is a lower recurrence of respiratory tract infections as compared to conventional treatment and less use of antibiotics We encourage to wait for the results of the ongoing RCT before using BCG vaccination for the prevention of COVID-19 Hetero- The immune stimulation produced by heterologous vaccines enhances the response to other pathogens, different from the one in the vaccine and was associated with reduced all-cause infant mortality (e.g. measles vaccine, BCG). keywords: activity; acute; analysis; cells; covid-19; exercise; immunity; infections; review; sleep; tract; vitamin cache: cord-263749-bbhh5xb1.txt plain text: cord-263749-bbhh5xb1.txt item: #274 of 647 id: cord-263811-w0983x19 author: Decaro, Nicola title: Canine Adenoviruses and Herpesvirus date: 2008-05-22 words: 4862 flesch: 34 summary: Virus Nucleotide sequence of the genes encoding the canine herpesvirus gB, gC and gD homologues Nucleotide sequence of glycoprotein genes B, C, D, G, H and I, the thymidine kinase and protein kinase genes and gene homologue UL24 of an Australian isolate of canine herpesvirus Homology between feline herpesvirus-1 and canine herpesvirus Molecular phylogenetic analysis of felid herpesvirus 1 Genetic characterization of the unique short segment of phocid herpesvirus type 1 reveals close relationships among alpha herpesviruses of hosts of the order Carnivora Canine herpesvirus Survey on viral pathogens in wild red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Germany with emphasis on parvoviruses and analysis of a DNA sequence from a red fox parvovirus Serologic survey of selected viral agents in recently captured wild North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) Natural infection of captive coyote pups with a herpesvirus antigenically related to canine herpesvirus Detection of high levels of canine herpes virus-1 neutralising antibody in kennel dogs using a novel serum neutralisation test Seroprevalence of canine herpesvirus-1 in the Belgian dog population in 2000 Prevalence of antibodies against canine herpesvirus 1 in dogs in The Netherlands in 1997-1998 Infezione da herpesvirus del cane: diffusione sierologica in Puglia Serum antibodies against canine respiratory viruses: prevalence among dogs of eastern Washington Pathogenesis of canine herpesvirus in specificpathogen-free dogs: 5-to 12-week-old pups Corneal ulceration associated with naturally occurring canine herpesvirus-1 infection in two adult dogs Experimental transplacental infection of pregnant dogs with canine herpesvirus Suppressed synthesis of viral DNA, protein and mature virions during replication of canine herpesvirus at elevated temperature Herpesvirus canis: aspects of pathogenesis and immune response Studies of respiratory disease in random-source laboratory dogs: viral infections in unconditioned dogs Experimental production of canine tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) with canine herpesvirus isolated from naturally infected dogs Experimental infection of European red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) with canine herpesvirus Investigation into the causes of canine infectious respiratory disease: antibody responses to canine respiratory coronavirus and canine herpesvirus in two kennelled dog populations Detection of canine herpesvirus DNA in the ganglionic neurons and the lymph node lymphocytes of latently infected dogs Virus reactivation in bitches with a medical history of herpesvirus infection Detection of canine herpesvirus 1 in a wide range of tissues using the polymerase chain reaction Temperature as a factor of resistance of young puppies to canine herpesvirus Small-plaque variant of canine of canine herpesvirus with reduced pathogenicity for newborn pups Guidelines for the vaccination of dogs and cats. Experimental ocular hypersensitivity produced by the virus Canine adenovirus: its role in renal and ocular disease: a review A study of the blood glucose, serum transaminase, and electrophoretic patterns of dogs with infectious canine hepatitis Infectious canine hepatitis: animal model for viral-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation Viral-antibody complexes in canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV 1) ocular lesion: leukocyte chemotaxis and enzyme release Viruses recovered from laboratory dogs with respiratory disease Canine distemper and related diseases: report of a severe outbreak in a kennel Simultaneous canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus type 2, and Mycoplasma cynos infection in a dog with pneumonia Combined distemper-adenoviral pneumonia in a dog Naturally occurring respiratory disease in a kennel caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica Prevalence of mycoplasmal and ureaplasmal recovery from tracheobronchial lavages and of mycoplasmal recovery from pharyngeal swab specimens in cats with or without pulmonary disease Mycoplasmas associated with canine infectious respiratory disease The association of Streptococcus equi subsp. keywords: adenovirus; canine; cells; chv; disease; dogs; hepatitis; herpesvirus; infection; pups; type; virus cache: cord-263811-w0983x19.txt plain text: cord-263811-w0983x19.txt item: #275 of 647 id: cord-263927-hnsyas9q author: Peci, Adriana title: Community‐acquired respiratory viruses and co‐infection among patients of Ontario sentinel practices, April 2009 to February 2010 date: 2012-08-09 words: 3211 flesch: 41 summary: Duration of symptoms significantly affects detection rate Frequent detection of viral coinfection in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction Multipathogen infections in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections Development of a respiratory virus panel test for detection of twenty human respiratory viruses by use of multiplex PCR and a fluid microbead-based assay Low mortality rates related to respiratory virus infections after bone marrow transplant Incidence of common respiratory viral infections related to climate factors in hospitalized children in Hong Kong Respiratory viral infections in infants: causes, clinical symptoms, virology, and immunology Prevalence of human respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections in Beijing Correlation of viral load of respiratory pathogens and co-infections with disease severity in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized Danish children with acute respiratory tract infection Association between the 2008-09 seasonal influenza vaccine and pandemic H1N1 illness during spring-summer 2009: four observational studies from Canada Evidence from multiplex molecular assays for complex multipathogen interaction in acute respiratory infections Rhinovirus outbreaks in long-term care facilities Viruses in communityacquired pneumonia in children aged less than 3 years old; High rate of viral confection Correlation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viral load with disease severity and prolonged viral shedding in children Self-reported pH1N1 influenza vaccination coverage for Ontario Streptococcus pneumonia coinfection is correlated with the severity of H1N1 pandemic influenza Invasive group ⁄ ⁄ A (H1N1)v, RVS: The race for hivernal pandemics Respiratory virus infections among hospitalized patients with suspected influenza A H1N1 2009 virus during the first pandemic wave in Brazil Bacterial coinfections in lung tissue specimens from fatal cases of The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lowers respiratory tract infections in Korean children Association of rhinovirus infection with increased disease severity in acute bronchiolitis Single versus dual respiratory virus infections in hospitalized infants: keywords: infection; influenza; patients; samples; single; viruses cache: cord-263927-hnsyas9q.txt plain text: cord-263927-hnsyas9q.txt item: #276 of 647 id: cord-264159-e9071tyv author: Lin, Weikang Nicholas title: The Role of Single-Cell Technology in the Study and Control of Infectious Diseases date: 2020-06-10 words: 13350 flesch: 31 summary: COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic Trade Set to Plunge as COVID-19 Pandemic Upends Global Economy Microbiology by numbers History of the discovery of the malaria parasites and their vectors The use of single-cell RNA-Seq to understand virus-host interactions Breaking the population barrier by single cell analysis: One host against one pathogen Single-cell analysis and stochastic modelling unveil large cell-to-cell variability in influenza A virus infection Extreme heterogeneity of influenza virus infection in single cells High-Throughput Single-Cell Kinetics of Virus Infections in the Presence of Defective Interfering Particles Single-Cell Virus Sequencing of Influenza Infections That Trigger Innate Immunity Single-Cell Analysis of RNA Virus Infection Identifies Multiple Genetically Diverse Viral Genomes within Single Infectious Units Single-cell RNA-seq ties macrophage polarization to growth rate of intracellular Salmonella Pathogen Cell-to-Cell Variability Drives Heterogeneity in Host Immune Responses Phenotypic variation of Salmonella in host tissues delays eradication by antimicrobial chemotherapy Single-Cell Analysis of the Impact of Host Cell Heterogeneity on Infection with Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nile Virus-Inclusive Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity in the Type One area of virology that has benefited from the enhanced resolution of single-cell technologies is the study of variation in infection across single cells and the reasons for such variation. keywords: analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; cell; cytometry; data; disease; expression; flow; heterogeneity; host; human; infection; pathogen; responses; rna; scrna; seq; sequencing; studies; study; technologies; throughput; vaccine; virus cache: cord-264159-e9071tyv.txt plain text: cord-264159-e9071tyv.txt item: #277 of 647 id: cord-264408-vk4lt83x author: Ruiz, Sara I. title: Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases date: 2017-06-23 words: 34509 flesch: 38 summary: The severe acute respiratory syndrome severe acute respiratory syndrome Bacterial sinusitis and otitis media following influenza virus infection in ferrets Neuropathology of H5N1 virus infection in ferrets The draft genome sequence of the ferret (Mustela putorius furo) facilitates study of human respiratory disease Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for sArs Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: the new American hemorrhagic fever rift Valley fever Inbred rat strains mimic the disparate human response to rift Valley fever virus infection experimental studies of arenaviral hemorrhagic fevers experimental rift Valley fever in rhesus macaques Bovine respiratory syncytial virus protects cotton rats against human respiratory syncytial virus infection Human Hendra virus encephalitis associated with equine outbreak Molecularly engineered live-attenuated chimeric West Nile/dengue virus vaccines protect rhesus monkeys from West Nile virus structure as revealed by airway dissection. emerg Generation of a transgenic mouse model of Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease Pathological changes in brain and other target organs of infant and weanling mice after infection with nonneuroadapted Western equine encephalitis virus Particle-to-PFU ratio of ebola virus influences disease course and survival in cynomolgus macaques Progress toward norovirus vaccines: considerations for further development and implementation in potential target populations Characterization of lethal Zika virus infection in AG129 mice experimental in vitro and in vivo models for the study of human hepatitis B virus infection A model of meningococcal bacteremia after respiratory superinfection in influenza A virus-infected mice Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus: current situation and travel-associated concerns Aerosol exposure to the Angola strain of marburg virus causes lethal viral hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques Necrotizing scleritis, conjunctivitis, and other pathologic findings in the left eye and brain of an ebola Virus-Infected rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with apparent recovery and a delayed time of death American Academy of Pediatrics subcommittee on Diagnosis and Management of Bronchiolitis Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models The gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus, a model for rift Valley fever viral encephalitis Morbidity and mortality among patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a 2-year retrospective review Chikungunya and the nervous system: what we do and do not know The West Nile virus outbreak of 1999 in New York: the Flushing Hospital experience Hospital outbreak of Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Diagnosis of noncultivatable gastroenteritis viruses, the human caliciviruses Norovirus vaccine against experimental human Norwalk Virus illness Determination of the 50% human infectious dose for Norwalk virus An epizootic attributable to Western equine encephalitis virus infection in emus in Texas evidence for camel-to-human transmission of Mers coronavirus Integrated molecular signature of disease: analysis of influenza virus-infected macaques through functional genomics and proteomics Disseminated and sustained HIV infection in CD34+ cord blood cell-transplanted rag2 −/− gamma c keywords: acute; aerosol; animal; animal model; cells; challenge; clinical; coronavirus; cov; cynomolgus; days; dengue; disease; encephalitis; et al; experimental; exposure; ferrets; fever; fever virus; guinea; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; infection model; influenza; influenza virus; inoculation; lethal; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mouse; mouse model; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; replication; response; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strain; studies; study; symptoms; syndrome; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-264408-vk4lt83x.txt plain text: cord-264408-vk4lt83x.txt item: #278 of 647 id: cord-264569-q8nq2gbz author: GRÜnberg, K. title: Rhinovirus infections: induction and modulation of airways inflammation in asthma date: 2001-12-24 words: 4757 flesch: 28 summary: key: cord-264569-q8nq2gbz authors: GRÜnberg, K.; Sterk, P. J. title: Rhinovirus infections: induction and modulation of airways inflammation in asthma date: 2001-12-24 journal: The incidence of rhinovirus infections may even be higher in asthmatic patients as compared with nonasthmatic subjects [13, 20] , although rhinovirus shedding in the absence of cold symptoms does not seem to be associated with clinical worsening of asthma [17] . keywords: airway; asthma; cells; exacerbations; icam-1; infection; nasal; rhinovirus; subjects cache: cord-264569-q8nq2gbz.txt plain text: cord-264569-q8nq2gbz.txt item: #279 of 647 id: cord-264916-c4n0kyog author: Zimmerman, Keith title: Natural protection of ocular surface from viral infections – a hypothesis date: 2020-07-09 words: 4674 flesch: 39 summary: Coronavirus Contamination in Air and Surrounding Environment in MERS Isolation Wards Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus Viral infections in workers in hospital and research laboratory settings: a comparative review of infection modes and respective biosafety aspects Airborne transmission of communicable infection--the elusive pathway Influenza virus RNA recovered from droplets and droplet nuclei emitted by adults in an acute care setting Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary Origin of exhaled breath particles from healthy and human rhinovirus-infected subjects Properties of Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 Viral Architecture of SARS-CoV-2 with Post-Fusion Spike Revealed by Characterizations of particle size distribution of the droplets exhaled by sneeze Cough aerosol in healthy participants: fundamental knowledge to optimize droplet-spread infectious respiratory disease management Airborne spread of infectious agents in the indoor environment Measurements of airborne influenza virus in aerosol particles from human coughs Exposure to influenza virus aerosols during routine patient care Physiology Humidification: Basic Concepts In: Esquinas AM (ed) Humidification in the Intensive Care Unit Thermal mapping of the airways in humans Temperature profile in the nasal cavity Simultaneous in vivo measurements of intranasal air and mucosal temperature Nasal mucosal temperature after exposure to cold, dry air and hot, humid air Kinetics and evaporation of water drops in air Interaction of Water Droplets in Air Flow at Different Degrees of Flow Turbulence Evaporation and Movement of Fine Water Droplets Influenced by Initial Diameter and Relative Humidity Exhaled breath condensate: methodological recommendations and unresolved questions Exhaled breath condensate: an overview Lipid phenotyping of lung epithelial lining fluid in healthy human volunteers Somewhat surprisingly, the majority of the viruses responsible for respiratory viral infections are not a major cause of infectious conjunctivitis [6] . keywords: air; conjunctivitis; cov-2; eye; human; infection; particles; potential; sars; surface; virus cache: cord-264916-c4n0kyog.txt plain text: cord-264916-c4n0kyog.txt item: #280 of 647 id: cord-265005-e6rpryrh author: Tomasello, Elena title: Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types date: 2014-10-30 words: 18121 flesch: 29 summary: Further knowledge on the functions and the dynamic regulation of ISGs is essential to develop novel therapeutic strategies against viral infections aiming at modulating IFN responses to promote their protective anti-viral cell-intrinsic functions over their deleterious toxic effects. This inhibition is relieved upon cell infection through negative regulation of the function of the RNA-induced silencing complex. keywords: activation; cd8; cells; chronic; dcs; dendritic; effects; expression; figure; functions; host; human; ifn; ifns; induction; infection; interferon; patients; pdcs; production; receptor; responses; role; signaling; specific; t cells; type; virus cache: cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt plain text: cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt item: #281 of 647 id: cord-265699-0socw0hp author: Ortega, Miguel Ángel title: Dendrimers and Dendritic Materials: From Laboratory to Medical Practice in Infectious Diseases date: 2020-09-14 words: 11158 flesch: 36 summary: An assessment of the merits of covalent conjugation compared to noncovalent encapsulation Dendrimers for gene delivery-a potential approach for ocular therapy? PEGylated PAMAM dendrimers as a potential drug delivery carrier: in vitro and in vivo comparative evaluation of covalently conjugated drug and noncovalent drug inclusion complex Function oriented molecular design: Dendrimers as novel antimicrobials Dendrimers and dendritic polymers as anti-infective agents: New antimicrobial strategies for therapeutic drugs Dendrimers-revolutionary drugs for infectious diseases Application of dendrimers for the treatment of infectious diseases In Dendrimer Chemistry: Synthetic Approaches towards Complex Architectures Bench-to-bedside translation of dendrimers: Reality or utopia? PLL differ from other dendrimers such as PAMAM and PPI in the asymmetry of their branching cell, which inevitably influences the encapsulation properties as they possess no interior void space [37] . keywords: activity; agents; approach; bacteria; carbosilane; cells; delivery; dendrimers; development; diagnosis; diseases; drug; figure; groups; hiv; infections; pamam; peptide; prevention; prion; resistance; treatment; use cache: cord-265699-0socw0hp.txt plain text: cord-265699-0socw0hp.txt item: #282 of 647 id: cord-265751-q1ecpfyg author: Shahani, Lokesh title: Antiviral therapy for respiratory viral infections in immunocompromised patients date: 2017-01-16 words: 10667 flesch: 27 summary: The challenge of respiratory virus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients Airflow decline after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: the role of community respiratory viruses Antiviral agents for the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of influenza -recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) The seasonal prevalence of influenza infections in immunocompromised patients, including solid-organ transplant and HSCT recipients, closely parallels the community-wide prevalence, with peaks from December to February, with Influenza B activity sometimes seen in April and May [19] . keywords: antiviral; cell; human; infections; influenza; oseltamivir; patients; piv; recipients; resistance; ribavirin; risk; rsv; therapy; transplant; treatment; use; virus; viruses cache: cord-265751-q1ecpfyg.txt plain text: cord-265751-q1ecpfyg.txt item: #283 of 647 id: cord-265964-cnp5bwet author: Tumala, Regie B. title: Assessment of nursing students perceptions of their training hospital's infection prevention climate: A multi-university study in Saudi Arabia date: 2019-10-31 words: 4732 flesch: 39 summary: Cruz (2018) suggested that infection prevention climate is commonly understood by health care professionals pertaining to infection prevention in clinical practice. Respondents who participated in seminars on infection prevention in the last six months had better perceptions of infection prevention climate in their training hospitals than those who did not. keywords: climate; infection; nursing; prevention; students; study; training cache: cord-265964-cnp5bwet.txt plain text: cord-265964-cnp5bwet.txt item: #284 of 647 id: cord-266963-belin2jq author: Cowling, Benjamin J title: Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak date: 2020-02-13 words: 2454 flesch: 35 summary: A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Real-time tentative assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus infections in Wuhan, China, as at 22 Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections among travellers from Wuhan, China China says coronavirus can spread before symptoms show --calling into question US containment strategy Estimating variability in the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome to household contacts in Hong Kong, China Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study The Dynamic Relationship Between Clinical Symptomatology and Viral Shedding in Naturally Acquired Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza Virus Infections Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome beyond Amoy Gardens: completing the incomplete legacy Sixty more people confirmed with coronavirus on cruise ship in Japan: media. It is well established that some infections can be severe, particularly in older adults with underlying medical conditions [15, 16] , but based on the generally mild clinical presentation of 2019-nCoV cases detected outside China, it appears that there could be many more mild infections than severe infections. keywords: china; coronavirus; infections; measures; ncov; transmission cache: cord-266963-belin2jq.txt plain text: cord-266963-belin2jq.txt item: #285 of 647 id: cord-266985-9qwttt2y author: Gale, P. title: Applications of omics approaches to the development of microbiological risk assessment using RNA virus dose–response models as a case study date: 2014-11-04 words: 8073 flesch: 33 summary: Whole genome deep sequencing of HIV-1 reveals the impact of early minor variants upon immune recognition during acute infection Human Microbiome Project Protective HLA molecules determine infection outcome in hepatitis C virus infection by preferential preservation of peptides from conserved viral proteins Consistent change in the B-C loop of VP2 observed in foot-and-mouth disease virus from persistently infected cattle: implications for association with persistence The carbohydrate moiety and high molecular weight carrier of histo-blood group antigens are both required for norovirus-receptor recognition Rotavirus cell entry Genetic basis of host resistance to norovirus infection Quasispecies theory and the behaviour of RNA viruses Role of cell culture for virus detection in the age of technology The Society for Applied Microbiology Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection Heterotrophic humoral and cellular immune responses following Norwalk virus infection Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein nsp1 is a novel eukaryotic translation inhibitor that represses multiple steps of translation initiation An expanded protein-protein interaction network in Bacillus subtilis reveals a group of hubs: exploration by an integrative approach Mucin dynamics and enteric pathogens Filoviruses require endosomal cysteine proteases for entry but exhibit distinct protease preferences A risk assessment model for Campylobacter in broiler meat Central to understanding virus replication in step 4 is the application of proteomics to determine protein-protein contacts in situ in the infected cell and thus how the individual virus proteins associate with host cell proteins and hence work together. keywords: binding; cell; data; dose; et al; host; human; infection; nov; omics; pathogen; proteins; rna; step; virus; viruses cache: cord-266985-9qwttt2y.txt plain text: cord-266985-9qwttt2y.txt item: #286 of 647 id: cord-267003-k7eo2c26 author: Hendaus, Mohamed A title: Virus-induced secondary bacterial infection: a concise review date: 2015-08-24 words: 3471 flesch: 25 summary: For instance, TLR4 and TLR5 pathways are altered after influenza virus infection, resulting in decreased neutrophil attraction, thereby leading to increased attachment of S. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa to the airway epithelial cells. The human body is usually capable of eliminating respiratory viral infections with no sequelae; however, in some cases, viruses bypass the immune response of the airways, causing conceivable severe respiratory diseases. keywords: cells; children; infections; influenza; media; mxa; tract; virus; viruses cache: cord-267003-k7eo2c26.txt plain text: cord-267003-k7eo2c26.txt item: #287 of 647 id: cord-267023-w5ig7mrl author: Nori, Priya title: Developing Interactive Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention Curricula for Diverse Learners: A Tailored Approach date: 2017-07-20 words: 4348 flesch: 31 summary: Commentary: IDSA guidelines for improving the teaching of preclinical medical microbiology and infectious diseases Faculty and resident physicians' attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge about antimicrobial use and resistance Medical students' perceptions and knowledge about antimicrobial stewardship: how are we educating our future prescribers? Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Hand-hygiene behaviour, attitudes and beliefs in first year clinical medical students Now please wash your hands': the handwashing behaviour of final MBBS candidates Usage of ultraviolet test method for monitoring the efficacy of surgical hand rub technique among medical students Critical gaps in knowledge of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of healthcare-associated infections Hand hygiene in medical students: performance, education and knowledge Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship New societal approaches to empowering antibiotic stewardship CMS Issues Proposed Rule that Prohibits Discrimination, Reduces Hospital-Acquired Conditions, and Promotes Antibiotic Stewardship in Hospitals Health care provider education as a tool to enhance antibiotic stewardship practices Is there an app for that? Likewise, studies in medical student education reveal (1) poor knowledge and practices of infection prevention and (2) gaps in understanding of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) due to lack of emphasis and suboptimal practices among supervising physicians [5] [6] [7] [8] . keywords: antibiotics; app; infection; ipc; knowledge; prescribing; prevention; stewardship; students; use; year cache: cord-267023-w5ig7mrl.txt plain text: cord-267023-w5ig7mrl.txt item: #288 of 647 id: cord-267041-i94lyfsh author: Ellner, Jerrold J. title: Management of acute and chronic respiratory tract infections date: 1988-09-16 words: 3291 flesch: 37 summary: Several prospective, placebo-controlled trials have demonstrated that treatment decreases duration of fever and other symptoms of sore throat due to streptococcal infection [l-4] . [6] showed that 24 percent of throat culture specimens failed to reveal streptococcal infection that was later identified when the patients' tonsils were removed and examined. keywords: bronchitis; infection; patients; percent; pharyngitis; pneumonia; treatment cache: cord-267041-i94lyfsh.txt plain text: cord-267041-i94lyfsh.txt item: #289 of 647 id: cord-267115-6jqdi417 author: Giobbe, Giovanni Giuseppe title: SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in human fetal and pediatric gastric organoids date: 2020-06-24 words: 8091 flesch: 38 summary: Here we show the novel derivation of fetal gastric organoids from 8-21 post-conception week (PCW) fetuses, and from pediatric biopsies, to be used as an in vitro model for SARS-CoV-2 gastric infection. While R-spondin 1,Wnt-3A and Noggin withdrawal led to more differentiated morphology, CHIR99021 (GSK-3 inhibitor) proved to be essential in the formation of fetal gastric organoids starting from single cells (Fig. 2a) . keywords: analysis; cells; cov-2; data; degs; expression; fig; gastric; human; infection; organoids; pcw; pediatric; rna; samples; sars; stages; virus cache: cord-267115-6jqdi417.txt plain text: cord-267115-6jqdi417.txt item: #290 of 647 id: cord-267132-nb0j6k3h author: Loveday, H.P. title: epic3: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date: 2013-12-10 words: 43426 flesch: 35 summary: Appropriateness of use of indwelling urinary catheters in patients admitted to the medical service Overuse of the indwelling urinary tract catheter in hospitalized medical patients Trends in catheter-associated urinary tract infections in adult intensive care units -United States Clinical and economic consequences of nosocomial catheter-related bacteriuria Recognition and prevention of healthcare-associated urinary tract infections in the intensive care unit Epidemiology of hospital-acquired urinary tract-related bloodstream infection at a university hospital Silver alloy vs. uncoated urinary catheters: a systematic review of the literature Catheter-associated urinary tract infections: new aspects of novel urinary catheters A review of strategies to decrease the duration of indwelling urethral catheters and potentially reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections Enhancing the safety of critically ill patients by reducing urinary and central venous catheterrelated infections Comparison of urethral reaction to full silicone, hydrogen-coated and siliconised latex catheters Effect of catheter material on the incidence of urethral strictures Randomised study of the effect of midnight versus 0600 removal of urinary catheters The association between indwelling urinary catheter use in the elderly and urinary tract infection in acute care Aiming to reduce catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) by adopting a checklist and bundle to achieve sustained system improvements Evidence for the use of silver-alloycoated urethral catheters The high impact actions for nursing and midwifery 5: protection from infection Preventing catheter-related bacteriuria: should we? How? Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs Guideline for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections Computerbased order entry decreases duration of indwelling urinary catheterization in hospitalized patients Effect of nurse-led multidisciplinary rounds on reducing the unnecessary use of urinary catheterization in hospitalized patients Systematic review and S58 meta-analysis: reminder systems to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections and urinary catheter use in hospitalized patients Stop orders to reduce inappropriate urinary catheterization in hospitalized patients: a randomized controlled trial Reduction of urinary tract infection and antibiotic use after surgery: a controlled, prospective, before-after intervention study Interventions to minimise the initial use of indwelling urinary catheters in acute care: a systematic review Non-invasive measurement of bladder volume as an indication for bladder catheterization after orthopaedic surgery and its effect on urinary tract infections A collaborative, nurse-driven initiative to reduce hospital-acquired urinary tract infections Prevention of nosocomial catheter-associated urinary tract infections through computerized feedback to physicians and a nurse-directed protocol Continence clinic. keywords: access; alcohol; analysis; bsi; care; catheter; catheter insertion; contamination; control; devices; effectiveness; evidence; gloves; guidelines; hand; hand hygiene; healthcare; healthcare workers; hospital; hygiene; identià; infection; insertion; interventions; meta; microorganisms; number; patients; prevention; removal; review; risk; safety; sharps; signià; site; skin; studies; study; systematic; term; use; venous; workers cache: cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt plain text: cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt item: #291 of 647 id: cord-267139-r8rg0iqq author: Scaggs Huang, Felicia A. title: Fever in the Returning Traveler date: 2018-03-31 words: 3495 flesch: 43 summary: 9 Additionally, young children with fevers can present a diagnostic dilemma because they may not report symptoms and can be at risk for severe disease, such as malaria. 25 Complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding are more common in young children who have been ill for 2 weeks or more. keywords: children; fever; geosentinel; infections; malaria; patients; travel; travelers; treatment cache: cord-267139-r8rg0iqq.txt plain text: cord-267139-r8rg0iqq.txt item: #292 of 647 id: cord-267402-kca05rvz author: South, Kieron title: Preceding infection and risk of stroke: An old concept revived by the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-07-24 words: 6252 flesch: 31 summary: medRxiv, Epub ahead of print 2020 Dysregulation of Immune Response in Patients With Coronavirus Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome Clinical progression and cytokine profiles of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Inflammatory cytokines and ischemic stroke risk: the REGARDS cohort Systemic infections cause exaggerated local inflammation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries: clues to the triggering effect of acute infections on acute coronary syndromes Inflammation and plaque vulnerability Infection and atherosclerosis development The role of immune cells in atrial fibrillation The role of infection in the development of non-valvular atrial fibrillation: up-regulation of Toll-like receptor 2 expression levels on monocytes Pandemic H1N1 influenza infection and vascular thrombosis Pulmonary artery thrombosis in a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: A report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia High incidence of venous thromboembolic events in anticoagulated severe COVID-19 patients Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in C-reactive protein levels in the early stage of COVID-19 Procoagulant soluble tissue factor is released from endothelial cells in response to inflammatory cytokines The procoagulant pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome Mechanisms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Induced Acute Lung Injury Thrombinactivatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and protein C inhibitor in interstitial lung disease Effects of inflammatory cytokines on the release and cleavage of the endothelial cell-derived ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers under flow Inflammatory cytokines inhibit ADAMTS13 synthesis in hepatic stellate cells and endothelial cells Inflammationassociated ADAMTS13 deficiency promotes formation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor Acute respiratory tract infection leads to procoagulant changes in human subjects Analysis of thrombotic factors in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients Involvement of ADAMTS13 and von Willebrand factor in thromboembolic events in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Epub ahead of print 23 ADAMTS13 activity, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII and D-dimers in COVID-19 inpatients High VWF, low ADAMTS13, and oral contraceptives increase the risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction in young women High levels of von Willebrand factor and low levels of its cleaving protease, ADAMTS13, are associated with stroke in young HIVinfected patients Thrombocytopenia and its association with mortality in patients with COVID-19 Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With COVID-19 Platelets and infection -an emerging role of platelets in viral infection Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19 ADAMTS13-mediated thrombolysis of t-PA-resistant occlusions in ischemic stroke in mice Hypercoagulability is a stronger risk factor for ischaemic stroke than for myocardial infarction: a systematic review Severe COVID-19 infection associated with endothelial activation Electron microscopy of SARS-CoV-2: a challenging task -authors' reply Aberrant coagulation causes a hyper-inflammatory response in severe influenza pneumonia Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2 Central nervous system infections and stroke -a population-based analysis The neutrophil in vascular inflammation COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease Defining causality in COVID-19 and neurological disorders Thromboprophylaxis in intensive care unit patients: a literature review Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19 versus Patients with Influenza Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis Coronavirus Infections and Type 2 Diabetes-Shared Pathways with Therapeutic Implications Obesity and impaired metabolic health in patients with COVID-19 Factors associated with death or hospitalization due to pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in California Increased risk of influenza among vaccinated adults who are obese Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance -a mini-review Tissue factor is induced by interleukin-33 in human endothelial cells: a new link between coagulation and inflammation Chest CT findings in cases from the cruise ship 'Diamond Princess' with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association between influenza vaccination and reduced risk of brain infarction Management of acute ischemic stroke in patients with COVID-19 infection: report of an international panel There is clear evidence, from post-mortem lung pathology, of extensive thrombosis in the alveolar capillaries and small vessels in response to COVID-19 infection. keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; factor; incidence; infection; patients; risk; sars; stroke cache: cord-267402-kca05rvz.txt plain text: cord-267402-kca05rvz.txt item: #293 of 647 id: cord-267531-tqqj4cy0 author: He, Ying title: A 3-year prospective study of the epidemiology of acute respiratory viral infections in hospitalized children in Shenzhen, China date: 2014-05-14 words: 4691 flesch: 50 summary: Overall, 48Á0% of our cases were positive for respiratory virus infections, which resembled the latest study in the same city. Limited data are available in China to describe the epidemiology of viral respiratory infections, especially in small–medium cities and rural areas. keywords: children; iav; infection; rate; studies; study; viruses cache: cord-267531-tqqj4cy0.txt plain text: cord-267531-tqqj4cy0.txt item: #294 of 647 id: cord-267671-ys43n672 author: Whary, Mark T. title: Biology and Diseases of Mice date: 2015-07-10 words: 63704 flesch: 37 summary: If an endogenous retrovirus is still infectious to other mouse cell targets, it is termed ecotropic, whereas if it is no longer infectious for mouse cells, but can infect cells of other species, it is termed xenotropic. Recombinant viruses have recently been discovered that can infect mouse cells and heterologous cells and are associated with spontaneous leukemia development in high leukemia strains such as AKR mice. keywords: acute; adult mice; age; animal; bacterial; blood; breeding; c mice; c57bl/6 mice; cause; cells; chronic; clinical; colonies; common; complications; control; days; detection; development; diagnosis; differential; difficile; disease; eggs; epithelium; epizootiology; et al; etiology; feces; female; fig; gene; genome; hair; helicobacter; hepaticus; high; host; humans; hyperplasia; immune; immunity; immunodeficient mice; infant mice; infection; inflammation; inoculation; intestine; laboratory mice; lesions; lines; liver; lymph; male; medicine; mhv; mice; mouse; mouse colonies; mouse strains; murine; necrosis; organisms; pathology; pcr; potential; prevention; primary; rats; research; responses; results; scid; signs; skin; species; specific; spleen; strains; studies; susceptibility; system; tissues; tract; transmission; treatment; tumors; type; virus; virus infection; viruses; weeks cache: cord-267671-ys43n672.txt plain text: cord-267671-ys43n672.txt item: #295 of 647 id: cord-267791-v10eh408 author: Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad title: Use of personal protective equipment to protect against respiratory infections in Pakistan: A systematic review date: 2019-02-07 words: 4247 flesch: 51 summary: We conducted a systematic review of studies on PPE use for respiratory infections in healthcare settings in Pakistan. The studies examined PPE use in hospital (n = 7), dental (n = 4) or laboratory (n = 2) settings. keywords: control; face; healthcare; infection; masks; ppe; studies; use cache: cord-267791-v10eh408.txt plain text: cord-267791-v10eh408.txt item: #296 of 647 id: cord-267816-84z9fp2u author: Magdi, Mohamed title: Severe Immune Thrombocytopenia Complicated by Intracerebral Haemorrhage Associated with Coronavirus Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review date: 2019-07-12 words: 1090 flesch: 43 summary: LEARNING POINTS: Coronavirus can cause severe immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). We present a case of severe thrombocytopenia complicated by intracranial haemorrhage following infection with a coronavirus, which has not previously been reported. keywords: coronavirus; infection; itp; thrombocytopenia cache: cord-267816-84z9fp2u.txt plain text: cord-267816-84z9fp2u.txt item: #297 of 647 id: cord-267947-dnv2xl0h author: Gornet, Jean-Marc title: What do surgeons need to know about the digestive disorders and paraclinical abnormalities induced by COVID-19? date: 2020-04-24 words: 3752 flesch: 37 summary: Even though these data remain highly fragmentary, digestive cancer patients are probably significantly at risk of COVID-19 infection, particularly those currently undergoing intravenous chemotherapy, who risk contamination during their care pathway (repeated hospitalizations, imaging examinations and blood tests in medicalized structures…). It should nonetheless be noted that notwithstanding the presence of the ACE2 receptor in the cholangiocytes, the patients did not present with intrahepatic cholestasis, which is associated with the virus (absence of elevated Gamma Gt and PAL in study patients without preexisting liver disease). keywords: covid-19; data; diarrhea; digestive; infection; patients; risk; symptoms cache: cord-267947-dnv2xl0h.txt plain text: cord-267947-dnv2xl0h.txt item: #298 of 647 id: cord-267973-uvz7kavu author: Do, Lien Anh Ha title: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Viral Infections among Children under Two Years Old in Southern Vietnam 2009-2010: Clinical Characteristics and Disease Severity date: 2016-08-08 words: 5924 flesch: 45 summary: RSV infections occurred at younger age than three other leading viral infections i.e rhinovirus (RV), metapneumovirus (MPV), parainfluenza virus (PIV-3) and were significantly more frequent in the first 6 months of life. Clinical severity score of RSV infection was significantly higher than PIV-3 but not for RV or MPV. keywords: cases; children; disease; infections; load; n(%; rsv; severity; study; virus cache: cord-267973-uvz7kavu.txt plain text: cord-267973-uvz7kavu.txt item: #299 of 647 id: cord-268133-obwo7741 author: Ponce, José Burgos title: Overlapping findings or oral manifestations in new SARS‐CoV‐2 infection? date: 2020-06-10 words: 643 flesch: 43 summary: In the third case, the patient developed oral lesions several days after hospital discharge and multiple drug therapy. key: cord-268133-obwo7741 authors: Ponce, José Burgos; Tjioe, Kellen Cristine title: Overlapping findings or oral manifestations in new SARS‐CoV‐2 infection? date: 2020-06-10 journal: Oral Dis DOI: 10.1111/odi.13478 sha: doc_id: 268133 cord_uid: obwo7741 We have read the short communication “Oral vesiculobullous lesions associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection” (Martin Carreras‐Presas, Amaro Sanchez, Lopez‐Sanchez, Jane‐Salas, & Somacarrera Perez, 2020) by Dr. Martín Carreras‐Presas et al. with great interest. keywords: infection; lesions cache: cord-268133-obwo7741.txt plain text: cord-268133-obwo7741.txt item: #300 of 647 id: cord-268553-2o4k24og author: Lin, Chun title: Etiology and characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in an influenza epidemic period date: 2019-03-08 words: 3766 flesch: 37 summary: RVP Fast assay and the Idaho Technology FilmArray RP assay for detection of respiratory viruses in pediatric patients at a cancer hospital Influenza (seasonal) Fact Sheet No 211 Metabolomics investigation reveals metabolite mediators associated with acute lung injury and repair in a murine model of influenza pneumonia Relationship of influenza virus infection to associated infections in children who present with influenza-like symptoms The pathology of influenza virus infections Do specific virus-bacteria pairings drive clinical outcomes of pneumonia? In vitro studies have shown that influenza infection enhanced susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia by about 100-fold in a week, but the interaction between influenza and bacteria is not limited in pneumococcal pneumonia keywords: bacterial; cap; cases; infections; influenza; patients; pneumonia; yeast cache: cord-268553-2o4k24og.txt plain text: cord-268553-2o4k24og.txt item: #301 of 647 id: cord-268729-n7slf5tx author: Wissinger, E L title: Manipulation of acute inflammatory lung disease date: 2008-05-07 words: 10114 flesch: 26 summary: A critical pathway for clearance of pathogens and infected lung epithelial cells is via NO and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. A virus-induced infl ammatory cytokine production in airway epithelial cells IkappaB kinase is a critical regulator of chemokine expression and lung infl ammation in respiratory syncytial virus infection Targeted immunomodulation of the NF-kappaB pathway in airway epithelium impacts host defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway epithelium controls lung infl ammation and injury through the NF-kappa B pathway Duration and intensity of NF-kappaB activity determine the severity of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is a new therapeutic target in sepsis and infl ammation Involvement of PPAR nuclear receptors in tissue injury and wound repair Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists inhibit respiratory syncytial virus-induced REVIEW expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human lung epithelial cells The many paths to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in the immune system MAPK and heat shock protein 27 activation are associated with respiratory syncytial virus induction of human bronchial epithelial monolayer disruption Critical involvement of p38 MAP kinase in pertussis toxin-induced cytoskeletal reorganization and lung permeability Inhaled p38alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase antisense oligonucleotide attenuates asthma in mice Chemoattractant receptor signaling and the control of lymphocyte migration Airway infl ammation: chemokine-induced neutrophilia and the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases Tissue-and stimulus-dependent role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase isoforms for neutrophil recruitment induced by chemoattractants in vivo Regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by polyisoprenyl phosphates in neutrophil-mediated tissue injury Blockade of infl ammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in immune-sensitized mice by dominant-negative phosphoinositide 3-kinase-TAT Importance of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma in the host defense against pneumococcal infection Alveolar macrophages are the primary interferon-alpha producer in pulmonary infection with RNA viruses Evaluation of immunomodulators, interferons and known in vitro SARS-coV inhibitors for inhibition of SARS-coV replication in BALB/c mice Activity and regulation of alpha interferon in respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus experimental infections Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques Rhinovirus regulation of IL-1 receptor antagonist in vivo and in vitro : a potential mechanism of symptom resolution Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist transiently impairs antibacterial defense but not survival in murine pneumococcal pneumonia Interleukin 12 administration enhances Th1 activity but delays recovery from infl uenza keywords: acute; airway; cd8; cells; clearance; immune; immunity; infection; infl; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; lung; lymphoid; mice; pulmonary; receptor; responses; tissue; uenza; virus cache: cord-268729-n7slf5tx.txt plain text: cord-268729-n7slf5tx.txt item: #302 of 647 id: cord-268758-2o2dwulc author: Daniel, Krupa title: Repeat cesarean section in a COVID-19 positive mother in the United States date: 2020-10-22 words: 1414 flesch: 50 summary: As more people are infected, we encounter perinatal COVID-19 infections. In a review of the literature we have found evidence that may support the possibility of vertical transmission of COVID-19 infection. keywords: case; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; transmission cache: cord-268758-2o2dwulc.txt plain text: cord-268758-2o2dwulc.txt item: #303 of 647 id: cord-268830-8li6xhbu author: Kozak, Robert title: Severity of coronavirus respiratory tract infections in adults admitted to acute care in Toronto, Ontario date: 2020-03-29 words: 3136 flesch: 39 summary: Effects of a new human respiratory virus in volunteers Human coronavirus circulation in the United States Clinical significance of human coronavirus in Bronchoalveolar Lavage samples from hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies Prolonged shedding of human coronavirus in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: risk factors and viral genome evolution Viral infection in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: prevalence, pathogens, and presentation Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study Global epidemiology of non-influenza RNA respiratory viruses: data gaps and a growing need for surveillance Receptor-binding loops in alphacoronavirus adaptation and evolution Identification and evolutionary dynamics of two novel human coronavirus OC43 genotypes associated with acute respiratory infections: phylogenetic, spatiotemporal and transmission network analyses Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human coronaviruses OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1: a study of hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in Guangzhou, China, Eur Human Coronavirus-HKU1 Infection Among Adults in MERS transmission and risk factors: a systematic review The predictors of 3-and 30-day mortality in 660 MERS-CoV patients Influenza surveillance-United States, 1992-93 and 1993-94 Severe morbidity and mortality associated with respiratory syncytial virus versus influenza infection in hospitalized older adults Clinical determinants of the severity of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS): a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia Sex matters -a preliminary analysis of Middle East respiratory syndrome in the Republic of Korea Presence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide, cross-sectional, serological study SARS in Singapore-predictors of disease severity Isolation of rhinoviruses and coronaviruses from 38 colds in adults Species-specific clinical characteristics of human coronavirus infection among otherwise healthy adolescents and adults, Influenza Other Respir Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 reveals evolution of different genotypes over time and recent emergence of a novel genotype due to natural recombination Dual respiratory virus infections Human coronavirus alone or in co-infection with rhinovirus C is a risk factor for severe respiratory disease and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit: a one-year study in Southeast Brazil Epidemiology and microbiological investigations of communityacquired pneumonia in children admitted at the emergency department of a university hospital Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronavirus infections in Hong Kong Detection of respiratory viruses and Legionella spp. A bivariate analysis identified both This cross-sectional study spanning 6-years suggests that CoV accounts for an important burden of respiratory infection, representing 1 out of 9 viral respiratory infections, with a propensity to cause lowerrespiratory tract infection and severe outcomes. keywords: coronavirus; cov; infections; oc43; patients; study cache: cord-268830-8li6xhbu.txt plain text: cord-268830-8li6xhbu.txt item: #304 of 647 id: cord-269095-lwank6hk author: Jirru, Ermias title: Impact of Influenza on Pneumococcal Vaccine Effectiveness during Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in Aged Murine Lung date: 2020-06-11 words: 6003 flesch: 32 summary: Lethality continued to increase, with aged adult mice becoming highly susceptible to secondary S. pneumoniae infections at day 7 post influenza ( Figure 1D ). Despite improvement in inflammatory cytokine production by Pneumovax, these outcomes were directly impacted by influenza, with significantly higher levels of IL-6 mRNA and cytokine production being detected in aged lung during secondary S. pneumoniae infection ( Figure 4B,D) . keywords: figure; infection; influenza; lung; mice; pneumoniae; pneumovax; post; response; vaccine cache: cord-269095-lwank6hk.txt plain text: cord-269095-lwank6hk.txt item: #305 of 647 id: cord-269181-1h3wbhq4 author: Perelmutter, L. title: Immunoglobulin E response during viral infections date: 1979-08-31 words: 1655 flesch: 45 summary: It was found that 59% of patients had a decrease of 20% or more in IgE level, 27% remained the same, and only 14% showed a rise of 20% or more from the acute to the convalescent phases of infection. IgE levels decreased up to 3 to 4 wk after symptoms and the degree of decrease was more apparent for the nonatopics who had higher IgE levels in their acute phase of infection. keywords: acute; ige; infection; levels; patients cache: cord-269181-1h3wbhq4.txt plain text: cord-269181-1h3wbhq4.txt item: #306 of 647 id: cord-269627-mx1mjdqc author: Thiry, Etienne title: Feline herpesvirus infection. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management date: 2009-07-31 words: 3939 flesch: 41 summary: 2 Passive immunity acquired via colostrum Maternally derived antibodies protect kittens against disease during the first weeks of life, but in general levels are low in FHV infections. 18 Viral DNA has also been detected in the aqueous humour of a larger proportion of cats suffering from uveitis, as compared with 19 Chronic rhinosinusitis, a frequent cause of sneezing and nasal discharge, has been associated with FHV infection. keywords: cats; disease; feline; fhv; herpesvirus; infection; signs; vaccination; virus cache: cord-269627-mx1mjdqc.txt plain text: cord-269627-mx1mjdqc.txt item: #307 of 647 id: cord-269652-t7ghng17 author: Santos, Roberto Parulan title: A Practical Guide to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Neonatal Infections date: 2015-04-30 words: 5997 flesch: 36 summary: Other indications during the RSV season include preterm infants (<1 year of age born at <32 weeks and 0-day gestation) with chronic lung disease of prematurity who required greater than 21% oxygen for at least the first 28 days of life and young infants (<1 year of age) with certain hemodynamically significant heart disease. This may be due to decreased passage of maternal antibodies in preterm infants and to immaturity of the immune system in general. keywords: care; committee; disease; hours; infants; infections; neonatal; newborn; risk; sepsis; therapy; use cache: cord-269652-t7ghng17.txt plain text: cord-269652-t7ghng17.txt item: #308 of 647 id: cord-269734-u43gt8fh author: Teijaro, J.R. title: Pleiotropic Roles of Type 1 Interferons in Antiviral Immune Responses date: 2016-09-20 words: 7471 flesch: 16 summary: Moreover, exogenous administration of IL-10 to IFNAR1-deficient animals following influenza virus infection partially restored survival and ameliorated lung pathology. Thus, IFN-I can be protective during influenza virus infection either through suppressing virus spread or prompting induction of immune-suppressive cytokines to reign in excessive inflammation. keywords: cell; control; et al; ifn; ifnar1; immune; infection; influenza; interferon; mice; persistent; responses; signaling; type; virus cache: cord-269734-u43gt8fh.txt plain text: cord-269734-u43gt8fh.txt item: #309 of 647 id: cord-269975-1ebmq7t8 author: Duplantier, Allen J. title: Combating biothreat pathogens: ongoing efforts for countermeasure development and unique challenges date: 2020-05-27 words: 12977 flesch: 23 summary: infection Protection against filovirus diseases by a novel broad-spectrum nucleoside analogue BCX4430 BioCryst Pharmaceuticals BioCryst announces study results for BCX4430 in a non-human primate model of Ebola Virus infection BioCryst Pharmaceuticals BioCryst announces positive study results for BCX4430 delayed treatment of Ebola virus infection in a non-human primate model Successful treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection with T-705 (favipiravir) in a small animal model Intracellular conversion and in vivo dose response of favipiravir (T-705) in rodents infected with Ebola virus Synthesis of [(18)F] favipiravir and biodistribution in C3H/HeN mice as assessed by positron emission tomography Efficacy of favipiravir (T-705) in nonhuman primates infected with Ebola virus or Marburg virus Post-exposure efficacy of oral T-705 (Favipiravir) against inhalational Ebola virus infection in a mouse model Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys FDA-approved selective estrogen receptor modulators inhibit Ebola virus infection Singledose pharmacokinetic study of clomiphene citrate isomers in anovular patients with polycystic ovary disease A screen of approved drugs and molecular probes identifies therapeutics with anti-Ebola virus activity Categorization and prioritization of drugs for consideration for testing or use in patients infected with Ebola Addressing therapeutic options for Ebola virus infection in current and future outbreaks A rapid screening assay identifies monotherapy with interferon-ss and combination therapies with nucleoside analogs as effective inhibitors of Ebola virus Evaluation of immune globulin and recombinant interferon-alpha2b for treatment of experimental Ebola virus infections Interferon-beta therapy prolongs survival in rhesus macaque models of Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fever Postexposure protection of non-human primates against a lethal Ebola virus challenge with RNA interference: a proof-ofconcept study Lipid nanoparticle siRNA treatment of Ebola-virus-Makona-infected nonhuman primates Discovery and early development of AVI-7537 and AVI-7288 for the treatment of Ebola virus and Marburg virus infections Advanced antisense therapies for postexposure protection against lethal filovirus infections A single phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer targeting VP24 protects rhesus monkeys against lethal Ebola virus infection A potent Lassa virus antiviral targets an arenavirus virulence determinant Favipiravir (T-705), a novel viral RNA polymerase inhibitor Lassa virus infection of rhesus monkeys: pathogenesis and treatment with ribavirin Usefulness of monitoring ribavirin plasma concentrations to improve treatment response in patients with chronic hepatitis C Stampidine prevents mortality in an experimental mouse model of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by Lassa virus Zidampidine, an aryl phosphate derivative of AZT: in vivo pharmacokinetics, metabolism, toxicity, and anti-viral efficacy against hemorrhagic fever caused by Lassa virus Use of favipiravir to treat Lassa virus infection in macaques GuthrieW.I.P. Organization, N4-hydroxycytidine and derivatives and anti-viral uses related thereto Efficacy of a ML336 derivative against Venezuelan and eastern equine encephalitis viruses Development of (E)-2-((1,4-dimethylpiperazin-2-ylidene)amino)-5-nitro-N-phenylbenzamide, ML336: Monoclonal and cocktail antibody therapies approved by the Food and Drug Administration for countering anthrax and under development for treatment of Ebola virus infection are discussed. keywords: agents; animal; antibodies; antibody; biothreat; burkholderia; cell; combination; development; disease; drug; ebola; efficacy; fever; host; human; infection; inhibitors; model; pathogens; protein; pseudomallei; replication; resistance; screening; studies; target; therapy; treatment; virus; viruses cache: cord-269975-1ebmq7t8.txt plain text: cord-269975-1ebmq7t8.txt item: #310 of 647 id: cord-270091-sqrh8ylt author: Cohen, Pascal title: Vascularites associées aux infections virales date: 2004-11-30 words: 6092 flesch: 27 summary: Groupe de Recherche sur l'Artérite à Cellules Géantes Fatal pulmonary edema in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) associated with adenovirus infection Cutaneous and systemic necrotizing vasculitis in swine Behcet's disease-like symptoms induced by the Herpes simplex virus in ICR mice A wide spectrum of collagen vascular and autoimmune diseases in transgenic rats carrying the env-pX gene of human T lymphocyte virus type I Rozing J, infection-associated cryoglobulinemia Systemic manifestations and liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C and type II or III mixed cryoglobulinemia Cryoglobulinemia in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: host genetic and virological study Hepatitis C, cryoglobulinemia, and cirrhosis: a metaanalysis The natural course of hepatitis C virus infection after 22 years in a unique homogenous cohort: spontaneous viral clearance and chronic HCV infection Hepatitis C virus and its genotypes in patients suffering from chronic hepatitis C with or without a cryoglobulin -related syndrome HCV genotypes and cryoglobulinemia Hepatitis C virus genotype in patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia Hepatitis C virus genotype analysis in patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia Hepatitis C virus genotypes and subtypes in patients with hepatitis C, with and without cryoglobulinemia Hepatitis C virus infection among cryoglobulinemic and noncryoglobulinemic B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas Hepatitis C virus genotypes implicated in mixed cryoglobulinemia Hepatitis C virus genotypes and clinical features in hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia Mixed cryoglobulinemia in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection: prevalence, significance and relationship with different viral genotypes Influence of HLA DR11 phenotype on the risk of hepatitis C virus associated mixed cryoglobulinemia Haplotype HLA B8-DR3 confers susceptibility to hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia Genetic predispositions for the presence of cryoglobulinemia and serum autoantibodies in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C Systemic vasculitis in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection Vasculitis and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus Cerebral infarction associated with vasculitis due to varicella zoster virus in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus Profound cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Froin's Syndrome secondary to widespread necrotizing vasculitis in an HIV-positive patient with varicella zoster virus encephalomyelitis MRI in human immunodeficiency virus-associated cerebral vasculitis Zidovudine-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis Cutaneous vasculitis associated with didanosine Leucocytoclastic vasculitis and indinavir Efavirenz-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis Cutaneous manifestations of antiretroviral therapy Necrotizing arteritis in patients with inflammatory neuropathy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV III) infections Necrotizing vasculitis of the nervous system in a patient with AIDSrelated complex HIV associated systemic necrotizing vasculitis Periarteritis nodosa-type vasculitis and infection with human immunodeficiency virus The spectrum of vasculitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a clinicopathologic evaluation HIV infection presenting as renal polyarteritis nodosa Polyarteritis nodosa-like vasculitis in human immunodeficiency virus infection Polyarteritis nodosa and HIV infection: no evidence of a direct pathogenic role of HIV Polyarteritis nodosa in human immunodeficiency virus infection: report of four cases and review of the literature Human immunodeficiency virus-related vasculitis: clinical presentation and therapeutic approach to eight cases Nomenclature of systemic vasculitides. A prospective study with long-term observation of 41 patients A role for hepatitis C virus infection in type II cryoglobulinemia Human immunodeficiency virus-related vasculitis. keywords: associated; b19; cryoglobulinemia; dans; des; est; hepatitis; human; infection; les; par; parvovirus; patients; sont; traitement; une; vascularites; vasculitis; virus; été cache: cord-270091-sqrh8ylt.txt plain text: cord-270091-sqrh8ylt.txt item: #311 of 647 id: cord-270294-g95skuik author: Johnstone, Jennie title: Viral Infection in Adults Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Prevalence, Pathogens, and Presentation date: 2008-12-31 words: 4442 flesch: 33 summary: In our study, patients with pneumonia and respiratory viral infection were older and more frail than 1146 those without evidence of viral infection. Given the 15% prevalence of viral infection in adults in our study, and the indistinguishable presentation from typical bacterial pneumonia, our results suggest routine isolation (with droplet and contact precautions) of all adults with pneumonia, from the time of hospital admission until respiratory viral infection is ruled out, should be considered to help prevent the nosocomial transmission of respiratory viruses. keywords: adults; hmpv; infection; influenza; pathogens; patients; pneumonia; study; viruses cache: cord-270294-g95skuik.txt plain text: cord-270294-g95skuik.txt item: #312 of 647 id: cord-270892-ycc3csyh author: Rollinger, Judith M. title: The human rhinovirus: human‐pathological impact, mechanisms of antirhinoviral agents, and strategies for their discovery date: 2010-12-13 words: 19699 flesch: 35 summary: if by hand How contagious are common respiratory tract infections? Environmental contamination with rhinovirus and transfer to fingers of healthy individuals by daily life activity Aerosol transmission of rhinovirus colds Hand-to-hand transmission of rhinovirus colds Transmission of experimental rhinovirus infection by contaminated surfaces Interruption of experimental rhinovirus transmission Virucidal activity and cytotoxicity of the liposomal formulation of povidone-iodine Virucidal hand treatments for prevention of rhinovirus infection Localization of human rhinovirus replication in the upper respiratory tract by in situ hybridization Experimental rhinovirus infection in volunteers Detection of rhinovirus RNA in lower airway cells during experimentally induced infection Relationship of upper and lower airway cytokines to outcome of experimental rhinovirus infection Histopathologic examination and enumeration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the nasal mucosa during experimental rhinovirus colds Sites of rhinovirus recovery after point inoculation of the upper airway Incubation periods of experimental rhinovirus infection and illness Quantitative and qualitative analysis of rhinovirus infection in bronchial tissues Rhinoviruses infect the lower airways Incidence and characteristics of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 254 hospitalized children Improved diagnosis of the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia with real-time polymerase chain reaction Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized school-age children: Evidence for high prevalence of viral infections Association between interleukin-8 concentration in nasal secretions and severity of symptoms of experimental rhinovirus colds Symptom profile of common colds in schoolaged children The microbial etiology and antimicrobial therapy of adults with acute community-acquired sinusitis: A fifteen-year experience at the University of Virginia and review of other selected studies Bacterial coinfections in children with viral wheezing Amplified rhinovirus colds in atopic subjects Experimental rhinovirus 16 infection potentiates histamine release after antigen bronchoprovocation in allergic subjects Lower airways inflammation during rhinovirus colds in normal and in asthmatic subjects The effects of rhinovirus infections on allergic airway responses Rhinovirus upper respiratory infection increases airway hyperreactivity and late asthmatic reactions An experimental model of rhinovirus induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: A pilot study Rhinovirus-induced lower respiratory illness is increased in asthma and related to virus load and Th1/2 cytokine and IL-10 production The economic burden of non-influenzarelated viral respiratory tract infection in the United States Rhinovirus chemotherapy Excessive antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections in the United States Influenza virus and rhinovirus-related otitis media: Potential for antiviral intervention The viruses and their replication Analysis of the structure of a common cold virus, human rhinovirus 14, refined at a resolution of 3.0 A The refined structure of human rhinovirus 16 at 2.15 A resolution: Implications for the viral life cycle Crystal structure of human rhinovirus serotype 1A (HRV1A) 1. Effect of shape on binding of steroids to carrier proteins Investigation on QSAR and binding mode of a new class of human rhinovirus-14 inhibitors by CoMFA and docking experiments Synthesis and structure-activity studies of some disubstituted phenylisoxazoles against human picornavirus CoMFA analysis of the interactions of antipicornavirus compounds in the binding pocket of human rhinovirus-14 dihydro-2-oxazolyl)phenoxy]alkyl]-3-methylisoxazoles: Inhibitors of picornavirus uncoating Understanding human rhinovirus infections in terms of QSAR Site-directed mutagenesis suggests close functional relationship between a human rhinovirus 3C cysteine protease and cellular trypsin-like serine proteases The picornaviral 3C proteinases: Cysteine nucleophiles in serine proteinase folds Substituted benzamide inhibitors of human rhinovirus 3C protease: Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of irreversible human rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitors. keywords: activity; agents; antiviral; binding; capsid; cells; cold; compounds; discovery; drug; echinacea; effect; efficacy; fig; group; hrv; human; infection; inhibitors; protease; protein; receptor; replication; results; rhinovirus; rhinovirus infection; rna; serotypes; structure; studies; study; synthesis; table; treatment cache: cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt plain text: cord-270892-ycc3csyh.txt item: #313 of 647 id: cord-270940-acwkh6ed author: Kallio-Kokko, Hannimari title: Viral zoonoses in Europe date: 2005-06-29 words: 14707 flesch: 41 summary: key: cord-270940-acwkh6ed authors: Kallio-Kokko, Hannimari; Uzcategui, Nathalie; Vapalahti, Olli; Vaheri, Antti title: Viral zoonoses in Europe date: 2005-06-29 journal: FEMS Microbiol Rev DOI: 10.1016/j.femsre.2005.04.012 sha: doc_id: 270940 cord_uid: acwkh6ed A number of new virus infections have emerged or re-emerged during the past 15 years. During the past 15 years a number of new virus infections have emerged or re-emerged. keywords: antibodies; avian; cases; congo; crimean; detection; disease; encephalitis; europe; fever; fever virus; fig; genome; hantavirus; human; infections; influenza; kda; new; patients; protein; rabies; rna; segment; species; table; tick; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-270940-acwkh6ed.txt plain text: cord-270940-acwkh6ed.txt item: #314 of 647 id: cord-271076-436nxsua author: Paul-Pierre, Pastoret title: Emerging diseases, zoonoses and vaccines to control them date: 2009-10-30 words: 3723 flesch: 39 summary: Misset uitgeverij Factors influencing the antibody response of dogs vaccinated against rabies Genetic and phenotypic correlation between antibody response to Escherichia coli, infectious bursa disease (IBDV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), in broiler lines selected on antibody response to Escherichia coli La faune sauvage et les maladies émergentes The origins of new pandemic viruses: the acquisition of new host ranges by canine parvovirus and influenza A viruses Regulatory issues surrounding the temporary authorisation of animal vaccination in emergency situations: the example of bluetongue in Nipah virus infection of pigs in peninsular Malaysia Recombinant nipah virus vaccines protect pigs against challenge Antigen and vaccine bank: technical requirements and the role of the European antigen bank in emergency foot and mouth disease vaccination Control strategies for highly pathogenic avian influenza: a global perspective Animal genomics for animal health West Nile virus and North America: an unfolding story Rift valley fever The impact of climate change on the epidemiology and control of Rift Valley fever Genetic characterization of Toggenburg Orbivirus, a new bluetongue virus, from goats in Switzerland. It is even more true when facing a really emerging disease that moreover is zoonotic such as Nipah virus infection [27] for which no vaccine was available yet, because the causative agent was previously unknown; the only solution is once again to kill and destroy the infected and in-contact animals. keywords: animal; disease; infection; species; vaccination; vaccines; virus; viruses cache: cord-271076-436nxsua.txt plain text: cord-271076-436nxsua.txt item: #315 of 647 id: cord-271122-3fsl5589 author: Wathes, D. Claire title: Importance of Viral Disease in Dairy Cow Fertility date: 2019-07-24 words: 7116 flesch: 39 summary: optimizing performance of the Offspring: nourishing and managing the dam and postnatal calf for optimal lactation, reproduction, and immunity Control of bovine viral diarrhea virus in ruminants Herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in Great Britain BVDV genotypes and biotypes: practical implications for diagnosis and control Pestiviruses: how to outmaneuver your hosts Viral quasispecies Establishment of persistent infection with non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle is associated with a failure to induce type I interferon Differential activation of interferon regulatory factors-3 and -7 by non-cytopathogenic and cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhoea virus Association of bovine embryos produced by in vitro fertilization with a noncytopathic strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus type II Epidemiology of prolonged testicular infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus Infectivity of pestivirus following persistence of acute infection Bovine viral diarrhoea: pathogenesis and diagnosis Ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of interferon regulatory factor-3 induced by Npro from a cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus TRIM56 is a virus-and interferoninducible E3 ubiquitin ligase that restricts pestivirus infection Pestiviral E rns blocks TLR-3-dependent IFN synthesis by LL37 complexed RNA A field investigation of the effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection around the time of insemination on the reproductive performance of cattle The effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus on cattle reproduction in relation to disease control The effect of infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus on the fertility of Swiss dairy cattle Reproductive and economic impact following controlled introduction of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus into a naive group of heifers Efficacy of bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccination to prevent reproductive disease: a meta-analysis Changes in ovarian follicles following acute infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus Bovine viral diarrhoea virus: its effects on ovarian function in the cow The effect of bovine pestivirus infection on the superovulatory response of Friesian heifers Reproductive consequences of infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in the ovaries of cattle acutely infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus Modulation of sex hormone secretion in cows by acute infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus What is stress, and how does it affect reproduction? Effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus on the endometrial response to lipopolysaccharide Acute bovine viral diarrhea virus infection inhibits expression of interferon s-stimulated genes in bovine endometrium BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows Steroidal regulation of uterine resistance to bacterial infection in livestock Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces an endocrine switch from prostaglandin F 2 a to prostaglandin E 2 in bovine endometrium Effect of interferon-s on prostaglandin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle: evidence of polycrine actions of prostaglandin E 2 Risk factors for post partum ovarian dysfunction in high producing dairy cows in Belgium: a field study Sexual dimorphism in interferon-tau production by in vivo-derived bovine embryos Interferon-s, a type 1 interferon involved in maternal recognition of pregnancy The oxytocin receptor, luteolysis and the maintenance of pregnancy Maternal-embryo interaction leading up to the initiation of implantation of pregnancy in cattle Trophoblast interferons Pregnancy recognition signaling mechanisms in ruminants and pigs Conceptus-induced changes in the endometrial transcriptome: how soon does the cow know she is pregnant? keywords: bovine; bvdv; calving; cattle; cows; dairy; diarrhea; disease; effects; embryos; evidence; fertility; infection; rates; virus cache: cord-271122-3fsl5589.txt plain text: cord-271122-3fsl5589.txt item: #316 of 647 id: cord-271130-6s79q1c1 author: Filoni, Claudia title: Putative progressive and abortive feline leukemia virus infection outcomes in captive jaguarundis (Puma yagouaroundi) date: 2017-11-17 words: 6586 flesch: 42 summary: The outcomes of FeLV infection in domestic cats vary according to host susceptibility, virus strain, and infectious challenge dose. We previously reported on FeLV infections in jaguarundis. keywords: animals; antibodies; cats; feline; felv; infection; jaguarundis; leukemia; loads; pcr; proviral; rna; time; virus; wild cache: cord-271130-6s79q1c1.txt plain text: cord-271130-6s79q1c1.txt item: #317 of 647 id: cord-271172-y48dovux author: Potter, Christopher William title: Chapter 25 Respiratory tract viruses date: 1998-12-31 words: 8621 flesch: 32 summary: Infection is primarily of the epithelial cells of the oropharynx, and via the complement receptor CD21: virus infection from these cells spreads to P-lymphocytes where a few cells undergo lytic infection while the majority support a latent infection that leads to cell proliferation. In contrast, virus infections have been associated with ECG and EEG changes; some unconfirmed observations of virus antigen in brain and heart tissue have been published; and infection can be associated with viral encephalitis, particularly among children. keywords: cause; cells; children; days; disease; infection; influenza; patients; pneumonia; symptoms; tract; treatment; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-271172-y48dovux.txt plain text: cord-271172-y48dovux.txt item: #318 of 647 id: cord-271653-4q2olzx1 author: Libby, Peter title: The Heart in COVID19: Primary Target or Secondary Bystander? date: 2020-04-10 words: 1590 flesch: 29 summary: But act today we must, and understanding the multiplicity of mechanisms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 infection will help us meet our mission unsupported by the comfort of strong data. But act today we must, and understanding the multiplicity of mechanisms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 infection will help us meet our mission unsupported by the comfort of strong data. keywords: covid-19; infection; injury cache: cord-271653-4q2olzx1.txt plain text: cord-271653-4q2olzx1.txt item: #319 of 647 id: cord-271752-h05sten7 author: Pérez-Arellano, José Luis title: Executive summary of imported infectious diseases after returning from foreign travel: Consensus document of the Spanish Society for Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) date: 2018-03-31 words: 4661 flesch: 42 summary: The main second section contains the key facts (causative agents, diagnostic procedures and therapeutic measures) associated with the major infectious syndromes affecting returned travelers [gastrointestinal syndrome (acute or persistent diarrhea); febrile syndrome with no obvious source of infection; localized cutaneous lesions; and respiratory infections]. h05sten7 Abstract In a global world, knowledge of imported infectious diseases is essential in daily practice, both for the microbiologist–parasitologist and the clinician who diagnoses and treats infectious diseases in returned travelers. keywords: acute; diagnosis; diarrhea; diseases; document; fever; iii; infections; traveler; treatment cache: cord-271752-h05sten7.txt plain text: cord-271752-h05sten7.txt item: #320 of 647 id: cord-272052-8vvpm4tx author: Hartmann, Katrin title: Clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency and feline leukemia virus infection date: 2011-10-15 words: 9587 flesch: 23 summary: Vaccines are available for both viruses; however, identification and segregation of infected cats remain the cornerstone for preventing new infections (Levy et al., 2008) . In the United States, prevalence of both infections is about 2% in healthy cats and up to about 30% in high-risk or sick cats (O'Connor et al., progression was variable, with death occurring in about 18% of infected cats within the first two years of observation (about five years after the estimated time of infection). keywords: antigen; bone; cats; cells; disease; et al; expression; feline; felv; felv infection; fiv; immune; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; infected; infection; leukemia; lymphoma; tumors; virus; virus infection cache: cord-272052-8vvpm4tx.txt plain text: cord-272052-8vvpm4tx.txt item: #321 of 647 id: cord-272117-erzpz3c0 author: Downey, Jeffrey title: Dissecting host cell death programs in the pathogenesis of influenza date: 2018-04-18 words: 9262 flesch: 28 summary: Moreover, the magnitude of epithelial cell apoptosis was positively associated with IAV strain pathogenicity in vivo [32, 23, 48] and in vitro Support for the protective capacity of apoptosis is that critical host antiviral factors actively induce epithelial cell apoptosis. keywords: apoptosis; cells; death; host; human; iav; ifn; infection; influenza; lung; macrophages; pulmonary; replication; virus cache: cord-272117-erzpz3c0.txt plain text: cord-272117-erzpz3c0.txt item: #322 of 647 id: cord-272194-h7xnr389 author: Wiegers, Hanke M. G. title: Bacterial co-infection of the respiratory tract in ventilated children with bronchiolitis; a retrospective cohort study date: 2019-11-06 words: 3792 flesch: 40 summary: In this large and concise study on bacterial co-infections in children with bronchiolitis we have found that bacterial infections are common, associated with prolonged ventilation and a raised CRP. Risk of bacterial infection in previously healthy respiratory syncytial virus-infected young children admitted to the intensive care unit The use of C-reactive protein in predicting bacterial co-infection in children with bronchiolitis Bacteraemia and antibiotic use in respiratory syncytial virus infections Pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in Canada (PICNIC) prospective study of risk factors and outcomes in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral lower respiratory tract infection High incidence of pulmonary bacterial co-infection in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis Pulmonary and systemic bacteria co-infections in severe RSV bronchiolitis Concurrent bacterial infection and prolonged mechanical ventilation in children with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease Empiric antibiotics are justified for children with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection presenting with respiratory failure: a prospective study and evidence review Development and evaluation of a four-tube real time multiplex PCR assay covering fourteen respiratory viruses, and comparison to its corresponding single target counterparts Azithromycine does not improve disease course in hospitilized children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease: a randomized equivalence trial Infectious Diseases Society of America. keywords: bronchiolitis; children; infection; picu; study; ventilation cache: cord-272194-h7xnr389.txt plain text: cord-272194-h7xnr389.txt item: #323 of 647 id: cord-272596-yxvg8357 author: WU, Jian Jun title: Detection of Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Lanzhou and Nanjing, China date: 2014-11-30 words: 2965 flesch: 44 summary: The role of respiratory viral infections among children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia in a developing country Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children based on WHO clinical guidelines Detection of human bocavirus in children with upper respiratory tract infection by polymerase chain reaction Detection of bocavirus in children suffering from acute respiratory tract infections in Saudi Arabia Surveillance and genome analysis of human bocavirus in patients with respiratory infection in Guangzhou, China Human bocavirus-the first 5 years Detection of human bocavirus from children and adults with acute respiratory tract illness in Guangzhou, southern China Detection of HBoV DNA in idiopathic lung fibrosis Primary and secondary human bocavirus 1 infections in a family Life-threatening respiratory tract disease with human bocavirus-1 infection in a 4-year-old child A newly identified bocavirus species in human stool A novel bocavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in Australian children Human bocaviruses are highly diverse, dispersed, recombination prone, and prevalent in enteric infections Integrated management of childhood illness handbook Viral and atypical bacterial detection in acute respiratory infection in children under five years Human bocavirus in children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis: a case-control study Development of three multiplex RT-PCR assays for the detection of 12 respiratory RNA viruses Human coronavirus NL63 infection in Canada Detection of the new human coronavirus HKU1: a report of 6 cases Detection of adenovirus in clinical specimens by polymerase chain reaction and liquid-phase hybridization quantitated by time-resolved fluorometry Correlation between bocavirus infection and humoral response, and co-infection with other respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection Frequent and prolonged shedding of bocavirus in young children attending daycare Human bocavirus species 2 and 3 in Brazil Phylogenetic and recombination analysis of human bocavirus 2 High incidence of human bocavirus infection in children in Spain Seroepidemiology of human bocaviruses 1-4 Co-circulation of genetically distinct human metapneumovirus and human bocavirus strains in young children with respiratory tract infections in Italy Human bocavirus in Jordan: prevalence and clinical symptoms in hospitalised paediatric patients and molecular virus characterisation Human Bocavirus infection Human bocavirus: a novel parvovirus epidemiologically associated with pneumonia requiring hospitalization in Thailand Clinical relevance of human bocavirus with acute respiratory tract infection and diarrhea in children: a prospective case-control study Frequent detection of bocavirus DNA in German children with respiratory tract infections The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children High human bocavirus viral load is associated with disease severity in children under five years of age Human bocavirus infection in children with acute respiratory tract infection in India Human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory infections in Vietnam Human bocavirus, a newly discovered parvovirus of the respiratory tract Complete genome sequence of a novel reassortant H11N2 avian influenza virus isolated from a live poultry market in eastern China Distinct regulation of host responses by ERK and JNK MAP kinases in swine macrophages infected with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus Human bocavirus in Italian patients with respiratory diseases Rapid detection of respiratory tract viral infections and coinfections in patients with influenza-like illnesses by use of reverse transcription-PCR DNA microarray systems Viruses and bacteria in sputum samples of children with community-acquired pneumonia Detection of head-to-tail DNA sequences of human bocavirus in clinical samples Human bocavirus infection in young children with acute respiratory tract infection in Lanzhou Does human bocavirus infection depend on helper viruses? The traditional viruses known to cause respiratory tract infections include adenovirus (ADV), influenza virus (IFV) A and B, human rhinoviruses (HRV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). keywords: acute; bocavirus; children; hbov1; human; infection; tract; viruses cache: cord-272596-yxvg8357.txt plain text: cord-272596-yxvg8357.txt item: #324 of 647 id: cord-272752-cobroc5h author: Brook, Itzhak title: The challenges of treating tracheobronchitis in a laryngectomee due to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: a case report date: 2018-08-20 words: 1726 flesch: 42 summary: Laryngectomees run the risk of developing severe respiratory tract infections especially during the winter and when they do not wear a stoma cover. Laryngectomees run a high risk of developing severe respiratory tract infections. keywords: airway; hme; mucus; stoma; tracheobronchitis cache: cord-272752-cobroc5h.txt plain text: cord-272752-cobroc5h.txt item: #325 of 647 id: cord-272955-kkkrkgg1 author: Belsy, Acosta title: Molecular characterization of adenoviral infections in Cuba: report of an unusual association of species D adenoviruses with different clinical syndromes date: 2009-03-12 words: 4225 flesch: 35 summary: Rapid and sensitive diagnosis of human adenovirus infections by a generic polymerase chain reaction Outcome and clinical course of 100 patients with adenovirus infection following bone marrow transplantation Family Adenoviridae Infections in 18, 000 infants and children in a controlled study of respiratory tract disease. This research identified 49 confirmed cases of human adenovirus infection by PCR and/or viral culture. keywords: acute; adenovirus; cases; children; hadv; human; infection; patients; pcr; serotype; species cache: cord-272955-kkkrkgg1.txt plain text: cord-272955-kkkrkgg1.txt item: #326 of 647 id: cord-273019-hbpfz8rt author: Glingston, R. Sahaya title: Organelle dynamics and viral infections: at cross roads date: 2018-06-25 words: 9525 flesch: 30 summary: Current review briefly summarizes our knowledge of the various cell organelles/compartments following virus infection. caspase-independent cell death Lysosomal cell death at a glance A zinc finger protein Tsip1 controls cucumber mosaic virus infection by interacting with the replication complex on vacuolar membranes of the tobacco plant Visualization of assembly intermediates and budding vacuoles of Singapore grouper iridovirus in grouper embryonic cells Involvement of the vacuolar H(þ)-ATPase in animal virus entry Membrane and protein interactions of a soluble form of the semliki forest virus fusion protein The entry of reovirus into L cells is dependent on vacuolar proton-ATPase activity Cellular v-ATPase is required for virion assembly compartment formation in human cytomegalovirus infection Endocytosis via caveolae Endocytosis of simian virus 40 into the endoplasmic reticulum Cellular entry of ebola virus involves uptake by a macropinocytosis-like mechanism and subsequent trafficking through early and late endosomes Membrane dynamics associated with viral infection Biogenesis of the semliki forest virus RNA replication complex Fusion of SV40-induced endocytotic vacuoles with the nuclear membrane Interaction of endocytotic vacuoles with the inner nuclear membrane in simian virus 40 entry into CV-1 cell nucleus ESCRT complexes and the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies Involvement of vacuolar protein sorting pathway in ebola virus release independent of TSG101 interaction Identification of alpha-taxilin as an essential factor for the life cycle of hepatitis B virus Divergent roles of autophagy in virus infection keywords: cells; complex; degradation; expression; formation; golgi; hepatitis; host; human; infection; lipid; membrane; nuclear; nucleus; order; organelles; protein; replication; rna; virus; viruses cache: cord-273019-hbpfz8rt.txt plain text: cord-273019-hbpfz8rt.txt item: #327 of 647 id: cord-273326-gmw8gl2r author: Saiz, Juan-Carlos title: Host-Directed Antivirals: A Realistic Alternative to Fight Zika Virus date: 2018-08-24 words: 7153 flesch: 28 summary: Front Pathogenic exploitation of Fc activity Pathogenesis of flavivirus infections: Using and abusing the host cell Role of host cell factors in flavivirus infection: Implications for pathogenesis and development of antiviral drugs Broad-spectrum agents for flaviviral infections: Dengue, zika and beyond Targeting host factors to treat West Nile and dengue viral infections Zika virus replicons for drug discovery Establishment and application of flavivirus replicons Probing molecular insights into Zika virus (-)host interactions Zika virus cell tropism in the developing human brain and inhibition by azithromycin Genetic ablation of axl does not protect human neural progenitor cells and cerebral organoids from Zika virus infection Axl mediates Zika virus entry in human glial cells and modulates innate immune responses Axl is not an indispensable factor for Zika virus infection in mice Axl-mediated productive infection of human endothelial cells by Zika virus Curcumin inhibits zika and chikungunya virus infection by inhibiting cell binding Polysulfonate suramin inhibits Zika virus infection Suramin inhibits Zika virus replication by interfering with virus attachment and release of infectious particles Molecular mechanisms of flavivirus membrane fusion Acid-dependent viral entry Screening bioactives reveals nanchangmycin as a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus Lipids and flaviviruses, present and future perspectives for the control of dengue, zika, and West Nile viruses Arbidol (umifenovir): A broad-spectrum antiviral drug that inhibits medically important arthropod-borne flaviviruses Infection by Zika viruses requires the transmembrane protein AXL, endocytosis and low pH 25-hydroxycholesterol protects host against Zika virus infection and its associated microcephaly in a mouse model A screen of FDA-approved drugs for inhibitors of Zika virus infection Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide and gemcitabine inhibit Zika virus infection in vitro and differentially affect cellular signaling, transcription and metabolism Obatoclax inhibits alphavirus membrane fusion by neutralizing the acidic environment of endocytic compartments Evaluation of anti-Zika virus activities of broad-spectrum antivirals and NIH clinical collection compounds using a cell-based, high-throughput screen assay Chloroquine, an endocytosis blocking agent, inhibits Zika virus infection in different cell models Antiviral activities of selected antimalarials against dengue virus type 2 and Zika virus Inhibition of autophagy limits vertical transmission of Zika virus in pregnant mice FDA-approved drug, prevents Zika virus infection and its associated congenital microcephaly in mice Repurposing of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine for Zika virus treatment and prophylaxis -(arylmethylimino)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amine derivatives, synthesized by thermal and ultrasonic means, are endowed with anti-Zika virus activity (trifluoromethyl)quinoline analogs show improved anti-Zika virus activity, compared to mefloquine The antimalarial drug amodiaquine possesses anti-Zika virus activities Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen Niclosamide rescues microcephaly in a humanized in vivo model of zika infection using human induced neural stem cells Antiviral effects of ferric ammonium citrate Inhibition of Zika virus replication by silvestrol Antiviral activity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-HPR) against Zika virus Interferon-induced spermidine-spermine acetyltransferase and polyamine depletion restrict zika and chikungunya viruses Inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis is a broad-spectrum strategy against rna viruses The composition of West Nile virus lipid envelope unveils a role of sphingolipid metabolism in flavivirus biogenesis Direct activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by PF-06409577 inhibits flavivirus infection through modification of host cell lipid metabolism Suppression of Zika virus infection and replication in endothelial cells and astrocytes by PKA inhibitor PKI 14-22 Zika virus targets human STAT2 to inhibit type I interferon signaling Ribavirin-Current status of a broad spectrum antiviral agent Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the imp dehydrogenase inhibitor VX-497: A comparison with ribavirin and demonstration of antiviral additivity with alpha interferon Rna virus error catastrophe: Direct molecular test by using ribavirin Extinction of hepatitis c virus by ribavirin in hepatoma cells involves lethal mutagenesis Efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral compound BCX4430 against Zika virus in cell culture and in a mouse model In vitro susceptibility of geographically and temporally distinct Zika viruses to favipiravir and ribavirin Ribavirin inhibits Zika virus (zikv) replication in vitro and suppresses viremia in zikv-infected stat1-deficient mice Favipiravir and ribavirin inhibit replication of Asian and African strains of Zika virus in different cell models an impdh inhibitor, suppresses replication of Zika virus and other emerging viral pathogens A sensitive virus yield assay for evaluation of antivirals against Zika virus Inhibition of pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway suppresses viral growth through innate immunity Discovery of a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis and establishes a type 1 interferon-independent antiviral state High-content screening in HPSC-neural progenitors identifies drug candidates that inhibit Zika virus infection in fetal-like organoids and adult brain The Brazilian Zika virus strain causes birth defects in experimental models Zika virus impairs growth in human neurospheres and brain organoids Zika virus disrupts neural progenitor development and leads to microcephaly in mice N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockade prevents neuronal death induced by Zika virus infection Ebselen alleviates testicular pathology in mice with Zika virus infection and prevents its sexual transmission Zika virus infectious cell culture system and the in vitro prophylactic effect of interferons Type iii interferons produced by human placental trophoblasts confer protection against Zika virus infection Gestational stage and IFN-lambda signaling regulate ZIKV infection in utero The IFITMs inhibit Zika virus replication keywords: activity; antiviral; cell; drug; flavivirus; host; human; infection; inhibitor; inhibits; mice; protein; replication; rna; virus; zika; zika virus; zikv; zikv infection cache: cord-273326-gmw8gl2r.txt plain text: cord-273326-gmw8gl2r.txt item: #328 of 647 id: cord-273536-h7mzqef2 author: Surpure, J. S. title: Pediatric emergencies: newsletter 9 date: 1989 words: 1614 flesch: 38 summary: Interferon has not been effective for, the treatment of established rhinovirus infection. Clinical trials have also failed to demonstrate any efficacy of zinc for treatment of rhinovirus infections. keywords: cas; children; elbow; infections; treatment cache: cord-273536-h7mzqef2.txt plain text: cord-273536-h7mzqef2.txt item: #329 of 647 id: cord-273973-3uxg97tu author: Guenette, Alexis title: Infectious Complications Following Solid Organ Transplantation date: 2019-01-31 words: 5625 flesch: 22 summary: Italian Study Group of Fungal Infections in Thoracic Organ Transplant Recipients Aspergillus infection in single and double lung transplant recipients Opportunistic mycelial fungal infections in organ transplant recipients: emerging importance of non-Aspergillus mycelial fungi CNS infections in solid organ transplant recipients Infections of the central nervous system in transplant recipients Central nervous system syndromes in solid organ transplant recipients Infectious complications more than 1 year after liver transplantation: a 3-decade nationwide experience The importance of late infections for the long-term outcome after liver transplantation Biliary complications following liver transplantation Etiology and management of hepatic artery thrombosis after adult liver transplantation Infections in solid-organ transplant recipients Hepatitis G virus in patients with cryptogenic liver disease undergoing liver transplantation Life-threatening infection in transplant recipients Fungal infections in transplant and oncology patients Epidemiology and risk factors for infection after living donor liver transplantation Infections after living donor liver transplantation in children Infectious complications in living-donor liver transplant recipients: a 9-year single-center experience Abnormal liver tests after liver transplantation Diagnostic yields in solid organ transplant recipients admitted with diarrhea Severe diarrhea in renal transplant patients: results of the DIDACT study Incidence and risk factors for diarrhea following kidney transplantation and association with graft loss and mortality Gastrointestinal complications in liver transplant recipients: MITOS study Gastrointestinal complications in renal transplant recipients: MITOS study Gastrointestinal complications in renal transplant patients: a large, single-center experience Diarrhoea following renal transplantation Diarrhea in organ transplant recipients Clinical practice. Changing pattern of microbial etiologies Infectious complications after kidney transplantation: current epidemiology and associated risk factors Pneumonia Infection In Organ Transplant Recipients Pneumonia in solid organ recipients: spectrum of pathogens in 217 episodes Microbiologic features and outcome of pneumonia in transplanted patients Infectious pulmonary complications in lung transplant recipients A standardized protocol for the treatment of severe pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients Pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients: a prospective multicenter study The diagnosis of pneumonia in renal transplant recipients using invasive and noninvasive procedures Pulmonary complications in cardiac transplant recipients Nocardiosis following solid organ transplantation: a single-centre experience RNA respiratory viruses in solid organ transplantation Respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Clinical implications of respiratory virus infections in solid organ transplant recipients: a prospective study Respiratory viral infections in transplant recipients Respiratory viruses and chronic rejection in lung transplant recipients keywords: complications; infections; liver; lung; organ; patients; pneumonia; recipients; risk; sot; transplant; transplant recipients; transplantation cache: cord-273973-3uxg97tu.txt plain text: cord-273973-3uxg97tu.txt item: #330 of 647 id: cord-274643-vjb2yt93 author: Kang, G. title: Viral Diarrhea date: 2008-08-26 words: 5685 flesch: 37 summary: Infections with gastroenteritis viruses differ from bacterial enteric infections in that they affect children in both developing and developed countries, suggesting that they may also be transmitted by means unrelated to contaminated food or water. With improvements in sanitation and hygiene, and better standards of living, the proportion of diarrheal disease attributed to bacteria has decreased, resulting in an increase in the proportion of cases associated with viral infections. keywords: cause; children; countries; diarrhea; disease; gastroenteritis; infections; outbreaks; rotavirus; studies; virus; viruses cache: cord-274643-vjb2yt93.txt plain text: cord-274643-vjb2yt93.txt item: #331 of 647 id: cord-274763-i6e3g3te author: Liu, Wen-Kuan title: Epidemiology of HBoV1 infection and relationship with meteorological conditions in hospitalized pediatric patients with acute respiratory illness: a 7-year study in a subtropical region date: 2018-07-16 words: 3462 flesch: 41 summary: Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples Human Parvoviruses Virological and clinical characterizations of respiratory infections in hospitalized children Detection of human bocavirus type 1 infection in Panamanian children with respiratory illness Detection of human bocavirus in nasopharyngeal aspirates versus in broncho-alveolar lavage fluids in children with lower respiratory tract infections Human bocavirus detection in nasopharyngeal aspirates of children without clinical symptoms of respiratory infection Detection of bocavirus in saliva of children with and without respiratory illness B-cell responses to human Bocaviruses 1-4: new insights from a childhood follow-up study Seroepidemiology of human bocavirus defined using recombinant viruslike particles Seroepidemiology of human bocaviruses 1-4 The genomic and seroprevalence of human bocavirus in healthy Chinese plasma donors and plasma derivatives Human bocavirus: current knowledge and future challenges Spontaneous pneumomediastinum as a complication in human bocavirus infection Human bocavirus-the first 5 years Detection of human bocavirus from children and adults with acute respiratory tract illness in Guangzhou, southern China Comorbidity and high viral load linked to clinical presentation of respiratory human bocavirus infection Epidemic and molecular evolution of human bocavirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection Human bocavirus amongst an all-ages population hospitalised with acute lower respiratory infections in Cambodia. Influenza Other Respir Viruses Human bocavirus in Chile: clinical characteristics and epidemiological profile in children with acute respiratory tract infections Single detection of human bocavirus 1 with a high viral load in severe respiratory tract infections in previously healthy children Human bocavirus as the cause of a life-threatening infection Clinical and microbiological impact of human bocavirus on children with acute otitis media Severe human bocavirus infection Clinical epidemiology and molecular profiling of human bocavirus in faecal samples from children with diarrhoea in Guangzhou Human bocavirus and acute wheezing in children Prevalence and clinical aspects of human bocavirus infection in children High incidence of human bocavirus infection in children in Spain Correlation between bocavirus infection and humoral response, and co-infection with other respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection Human bocavirus in patients with encephalitis Identification of human bocaviruses in the cerebrospinal fluid of children hospitalized with encephalitis in China Detection of human bocavirus in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with encephalitis Detection and quantification of human bocavirus in river water Mixed viral infections causing acute gastroenteritis in children in a waterborne outbreak Frequent detection of highly diverse variants of cardiovirus, cosavirus, bocavirus, and circovirus in sewage samples collected in the United States In vitro modeling of human bocavirus 1 infection of polarized primary human airway epithelia Establishment of a reverse genetics system for studying human bocavirus in human airway epithelia Human bocavirus 1 infects commercially available primary human airway epithelium cultures productively Are meteorological parameters associated with acute respiratory tract infections? keywords: bocavirus; hbov1; human; infection; mean; patients; temperature cache: cord-274763-i6e3g3te.txt plain text: cord-274763-i6e3g3te.txt item: #332 of 647 id: cord-274824-kaefedl1 author: Turski, Waldemar A. title: AhR and IDO1 in pathogenesis of Covid-19 and the “Systemic AhR Activation Syndrome:” a translational review and therapeutic perspectives date: 2020-09-24 words: 5957 flesch: 20 summary: However, since CoV activates AhR, it may also lead to up-regulation of downstream effectors such as tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in endothelial cells, consistent with the role for AhR activation of AhR-TF/PAI-1 axis as a part of the host response to CoV infection (Belghasem et al., 2019) . IDO1 is a rate-limiting enzyme converting tryptophan to kynurenine, which is an endogenous ligand activating AhR. Inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF␣) and interleukins activate IDO1, whereas AhR also enhance their own activity through activation of a IDO1-AhR-IDO1 positive feedback loop prolonging the effects of AhR activation by other factors, including pathogens (Larigot, Jurice, Dairou, & Coumoul, 2018; Neavin, Liu, Ray, & Weinshilboum, 2018) . keywords: activation; ahr; ahrs; cov; cov-2; covid-19; et al; expression; ido1; infection; pathway; sars cache: cord-274824-kaefedl1.txt plain text: cord-274824-kaefedl1.txt item: #333 of 647 id: cord-275166-qduf08kp author: Assane, Dieng title: Viral and Bacterial Etiologies of Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under 5 Years in Senegal date: 2018-02-13 words: 1878 flesch: 37 summary: R Foundation for Statistical Computing Detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in acute respiratory infections Viral and bacterial aetiology of severe acute respiratory illness among children <5 years of age without influenza in Niger Respiratory viruses in patients with influenza like illness in Senegal: focus on human respiratory adenoviruses Respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infection in Ghana Viral etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in Cameroon Viral aetiology of respiratory infections in children in south-western Saudi Arabia using multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Clinical disease severity of respiratory viral co-infection versus single viral infection: systematic review and analysis Viral and bacterial detection in acute respiratory infection in children under five years Bacterial and viral etiology in hospitalized community acquired pneumonia with molecular methods and clinical evaluation High nasopharyngeal pneumococcal increased by viral co-infection, is associated with invasive pneumococcal pneumonia Influenza virus infections were associated with single-virus coinfections (33.3%, n = 54) or virus and bacteria coinfections (12.35%, n = 20). keywords: children; infections; respiratory cache: cord-275166-qduf08kp.txt plain text: cord-275166-qduf08kp.txt item: #334 of 647 id: cord-275795-ee7qyw5h author: Monette, Anne title: T Lymphocytes as Measurable Targets of Protection and Vaccination Against Viral Disorders date: 2018-10-24 words: 28288 flesch: 24 summary: As cellular immunity to VZV wanes in the elderly and immunocompromised populations, latent VZV becomes reactivated and causes zoster (i.e., shingles, herpes zoster), which is usually associated with chronic pain but also numerous other serious neurological and ocular disorders, as well as multiple visceral and gastrointestinal disorders, including ulcers, hepatitis, and pancreatitis (Gershon et al., 2015; Gilden et al., 2010) . Transmission to humans is via the rodent host Mastomys natalensis (Mccormick et al., 1987) . keywords: acute; adaptive; antibodies; antibody; cases; cause; cd4; cd8 þ; cell responses; children; clearance; cns; dengue; development; disease; disorders; encephalitis; et al; fever; hbv; hepatitis; human; humoral; ifn; immune; immunity; individuals; infection; influenza; measles; memory; memory t; mortality; populations; protection; proteins; replication; responses; rna; rsv; rubella; specific; system; t cells; term; vaccination; vaccine; varicella; virus; virus infection; viruses; vzv; zoster; þ t cache: cord-275795-ee7qyw5h.txt plain text: cord-275795-ee7qyw5h.txt item: #335 of 647 id: cord-275997-4ibeidyw author: Goldrick, Barbara A. title: The practice of infection control and applied epidemiology: A historical perspective date: 2005-10-31 words: 5096 flesch: 42 summary: The majority (72%) of respondents had been in infection control practice between 2 and 10 years, and nearly all (96%) had attended educational programs in infection control. The majority of respondents had 9 years or more in infection control practice (56%), worked in hospitals with greater than 200 beds (64%) less than 40 hours a week (52%), and were certified in infection control (72%). keywords: care; control; control practice; health; icps; infection; infection control; practice cache: cord-275997-4ibeidyw.txt plain text: cord-275997-4ibeidyw.txt item: #336 of 647 id: cord-276348-vr5fit8r author: Ogra, Pearay L. title: Respiratory syncytial virus: The virus, the disease and the immune response date: 2004-01-31 words: 4792 flesch: 41 summary: Epidemiologic aspects of infection in infants and young children Respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing antibodies in persons residing in Chicago Respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus Respiratory syncytial virus infections within families Neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised adults Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in hospitalized adult patients with leukemia Respiratory viruses and sudden infant death Secretory component and sudden-infant death syndrome The antibody response to primary and secondary infection with respiratory syncytial virus: Kinetics of classspecific responses Immunoglobulin class-specific antibody response in respiratory syncytial virus infection measured by enzyme immunoassay Characteristics of in vitro production of mucosal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in tonsillar tissue lymphocytes Neural mechanisms of respiratory syncytial virus-induced inflammation and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus sequelae Th1 and Th2 CD4+ cells in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases The development of respiratory syncytial virusspecific IgE and the release of histamine in nasopharyngeal secretions after infection Interleukin-1a mediates the enhanced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in pulmonary epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus Inducible translational regulation of the NF-IL6 transcription factor by respiratory syncytial virus infection in pulmonary epithelial cells Characteristics of IL-6 and TNF-a production by respiratory syncytial virus-infected macrophages in the neonate Clinical aspects of bronchial reactivity and cell-virus interaction Transcriptional activation of the interleukin-8 gene by respiratory syncytial virus infection in alveolar epithelial cells: Nuclear translocation of the RelA transcription factor as a mechanism producing airway mucosal inflamation Premature babies born at 30–35 weeks of gestation, infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease, HIV-infected subjects, and patients on intensive immunosuppressive therapy especially after bone marrow transplant are considered to be at risk for increased mortality and morbidity during RSV infection. keywords: cell; children; disease; infection; patients; proteins; respiratory; responses; rsv; virus cache: cord-276348-vr5fit8r.txt plain text: cord-276348-vr5fit8r.txt item: #337 of 647 id: cord-276758-k2imddzr author: Siegel, Jane D. title: 2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Health Care Settings date: 2007-12-07 words: 46244 flesch: 27 summary: Infection transmission risks are present in all hospital settings. 480, 481 Opportunites exist to conduct research in home care related to infection transmission risks. keywords: acute; agents; air; aureus; blood; care facilities; care settings; care unit; care workers; contact; contact precautions; contamination; control practices; disease; environmental; epidemiology; equipment; exposure; facility; factors; gloves; hand; hcws; health care; home care; hospital; hygiene; infection control; infection transmission; infections; influenza; isolation; measures; methicillin; nursing; outbreak; pathogens; patient care; patient transmission; patients; person; person transmission; practices; precautions; prevention; procedures; protection; recommendations; risk; room; safety; sars; standard; staphylococcus; studies; study; surveillance; term care; transmission; tuberculosis; use; vancomycin; virus cache: cord-276758-k2imddzr.txt plain text: cord-276758-k2imddzr.txt item: #338 of 647 id: cord-276907-b855tj7x author: Giersing, Birgitte K. title: Report from the World Health Organization’s third Product Development for Vaccines Advisory Committee (PDVAC) meeting, Geneva, 8–10th June 2016 date: 2019-11-28 words: 12257 flesch: 33 summary: Dr. Jean-Marie Okwo-Bele, director of IVB, opened proceedings with a synopsis of the significant milestones in vaccine development in the nine months since the previous meeting in September 2015: the first dengue and malaria vaccines have been licensed or achieved the equivalent of licensure, respectively, the first RSV vaccine candidate has entered phase III studies in the elderly and pregnant women, the most advanced HIV vaccine candidate has met its endpoints in the interim analysis of a phase II study, and preparations to commence an efficacy study are underway, WHO convened the MERS-Coronavirus R&D community, and a phase I clinical study is now underway (NCT02670187), Ebola virus vaccines are under review and have progressed to the point of consideration for licensure in record time, There are co-ordinated efforts to develop a Zika virus vaccine as expeditiously as possible. In addition to these significant advances in vaccine development, the UK government published in May 2016 the report on 'Tackling Drug-Resistant Infections Globally' that it commissioned in collaboration with the Welcome Trust [2] . keywords: antibiotic; burden; candidates; data; development; disease; efficacy; global; immunization; impact; infection; lmics; pdvac; phase; potential; product; protection; studies; study; use; vaccine; vaccine development cache: cord-276907-b855tj7x.txt plain text: cord-276907-b855tj7x.txt item: #339 of 647 id: cord-277313-5f5lrn3c author: Hayakawa, Satoshi title: Covid‐19 pandemic and pregnancy date: 2020-08-10 words: 4627 flesch: 46 summary: Available from URL Focus on receptors for coronaviruses with special reference to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a potential drug target-a perspective Origins of major human infectious diseases Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic population SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Receptors as a means for reducing infectivity and improving antiviral and immune response: An algorithm-based method for overcoming resistance to antiviral agents Risk factors for mortality in 244 older adults with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective study The pathogenesis and treatment of the 'cytokine Storm' in COVID-19 Back to the future: Lessons learned from the 1918 influenza pandemic Gross examination report of a COVID-19 death autopsy Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 The unique immunological and microbial aspects of pregnancy Type 1 interferons as a potential treatment against COVID-19 Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: A retrospective review of medical records Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women: A report based on 116 cases Maternal and perinatal outcomes with COVID-19: A systematic review of 108 pregnancies Executive management summary and short report of outcome Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and possible vertical transmission Mortality of a pregnant patient diagnosed with COVID-19: A case report with clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: Two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of new York City hospitals Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: A preliminary analysis Maternal death due to COVID-19 disease Clinical course of severe and critical COVID-19 in hospitalized pregnancies: A US cohort study Second-trimester miscarriage in a pregnant woman with SARS-CoV-2 infection SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Viral infections during pregnancy First antibody surveys draw fire for quality, bias Current laboratory diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) However, in an Italian study, among 42 deliveries, 24 (57%) women delivered vaginally, with three cases undergoing induction of labor for obstetric reasons, while elective cesarean section was performed in 18 (43%) cases: in 8 cases, the indication was unrelated to COVID-19 infection, but in 10 cases, the indications were worsening dyspnea or other COVID-19-related symptoms. keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; pregnancy; sars; transmission; women cache: cord-277313-5f5lrn3c.txt plain text: cord-277313-5f5lrn3c.txt item: #340 of 647 id: cord-277327-il8uaavn author: Couch, MD, Robert B. title: Respiratory Viral Infections in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Persons date: 1997-03-17 words: 3716 flesch: 26 summary: Pediatr Virus infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia Treatment of respiratory viral infection in an immunodeficient infant with ribavirin aerosol Ribavirin treatment of viral pneumonitis in severe combined immunodeficiency disease Parainfluenza 3 virus and other common respiratory pathogens in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease among hospitalized adult immunocompromised patients with leukemia Community respiratory virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients Epidemiology of influenza A virus infection in patients with acute or chronic leukemia Influenza among hospitalized adult immunocompromised patients with leukemia Community respiratory virus (CRV) infections in hospitalized adult patients with leukemia Host defenses at mucosal surfaces Immunoglobulin A in secretions from the lower respiratory tract The specificity and function of T lymphocytes induced by influenza A viruses Roles of ab and gd T cell subsets in viral immunity The kinetics of immune reconstitution after human marrow transplantation Influenza in children with cancer Viral pneumonia in recipients of solid organ transplants Influenza A in immunocompromised patients Orthomyxoviral and paramyxoviral infections in transplant patients Bone marrow transplantation for malignant disease Intranasal interferon as protection against experimental respiratory coronavirus infection in volunteers Prevention of natural colds by contact prophylaxis with intranasal alpha2-interferon The efficacy of intranasal interferon a-2a in respiratory syncytial virus infection in volunteers. This article is an overview of respiratory viral infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. keywords: disease; infection; influenza; patients; persons; pneumonia; virus; viruses cache: cord-277327-il8uaavn.txt plain text: cord-277327-il8uaavn.txt item: #341 of 647 id: cord-277539-xt2nt11e author: Kochhar, Anuraj Singh title: Dentistry during and after COVID-19 Pandemic: Pediatric Considerations date: 2020 words: 4508 flesch: 41 summary: It is highly likely that dental professionals in upcoming days will come across COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 carriers, and hence must ensure a tactful handling of such patients to prevent its nosocomial spread. It is speculated that dental professionals will come across COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 carriers, and hence must ensure a careful handling of such patients to prevent its nosocomial spread. keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; pandemic; patients; practice; sars; transmission; use cache: cord-277539-xt2nt11e.txt plain text: cord-277539-xt2nt11e.txt item: #342 of 647 id: cord-277818-8w15dz20 author: Jaichenco, Andre L. title: Infectious Disease Considerations for the Operating Room date: 2018-02-09 words: 9732 flesch: 31 summary: Gloves protect patients by reducing health care provider hand contamination and the subsequent transmission of pathogens to other children, provided the gloves are changed after providing care to each child. 10 Direct and indirect contacts are the most significant and frequent methods of hospital infection transmission. keywords: anesthesia; blood; care; children; contamination; exposure; gloves; guidelines; hand; health; hygiene; infection; patient; pediatric; prophylaxis; providers; risk; skin; transmission; use cache: cord-277818-8w15dz20.txt plain text: cord-277818-8w15dz20.txt item: #343 of 647 id: cord-278364-58d8kfdf author: Mohapatra, S. title: Sterilization and Disinfection date: 2017-03-31 words: 6550 flesch: 46 summary: Society for health care epidemiology of America Infection control in the bronchoscopy suite Medicine and health care products manual New developments in reprocessing semicritical items Importance of the environment in the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquisition: the case for hospital cleaning Protecting HCWs from SARS and other respiratory pathogens: a review of the infection control literature Modes of transmission of respiratory syncytial virus Gastroenteritis outbreak with norovirus in a Swiss university hospital with a newly identified virus strain CDC definitions for nosocomial infections CDC definitions for nosocomial infections Guidelines on prevention and control of hospital associated infections. There are many issues regarding nonendoscopic transmission of various infections. keywords: air; care; cleaning; control; disinfection; equipment; health; hospital; infection; items; patient; sterilization; surfaces; transmission cache: cord-278364-58d8kfdf.txt plain text: cord-278364-58d8kfdf.txt item: #344 of 647 id: cord-278682-s4gfbsqy author: Chan, W-M title: Precautions in ophthalmic practice in a hospital with a major acute SARS outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong date: 2005-04-29 words: 4133 flesch: 42 summary: For patients presenting with fever, contact history of SARS patients within 10 days, or recovered SARS patients shortly discharged from hospital, we have adopted a special outpatient follow-up strategy based on initial epidemiological and microbiological evidences that the main mode of transmission of SARS is by droplets, direct contact with patient's secretions, and subsequent inoculation into mucous membranes. The ultimate infectivity of the tears secretion and ocular discharge from SARS patients may bring impacts on not only the daily ophthalmic practice but also the universal infection control measures practiced by general public and health-care workers. keywords: care; contact; control; eye; health; infection; measures; outbreak; patients; sars cache: cord-278682-s4gfbsqy.txt plain text: cord-278682-s4gfbsqy.txt item: #345 of 647 id: cord-278816-l92lkj69 author: Brouard, J. title: Prise en charge des pathologies respiratoires à adénovirus chez l’enfant immunocompétent À propos d’une étude rétrospective de 116 enfants hospitalisés date: 2004-05-31 words: 4953 flesch: 46 summary: Acute oxygen therapy Does chest physical therapies work? Mucomodificateurs et anti-tussifs Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of over the counter cough medecines for acute cough in adults Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on episodes of wheezing associated with viral infection in school age children: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial Rôle des infections virales et des infections à Chlamydia pneumoniae et à Mycoplasma pneumoniae au cours de l'asthme du nourrisson et du jeune enfant. La plupart des infections sont modérées et ne nécessitent qu’un traitement symptomatique. keywords: adenovirus; adv; chez; children; dans; des; disease; enfants; est; infections; l'enfant; les; par; respiratoire; sont; sur; une; virale; voies; été; être cache: cord-278816-l92lkj69.txt plain text: cord-278816-l92lkj69.txt item: #346 of 647 id: cord-278839-uu2wlpmp author: Alberca, Ricardo Wesley title: Pregnancy, Viral Infection, and COVID-19 date: 2020-07-07 words: 7256 flesch: 30 summary: retrospective cohort study Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: a meta-analysis Antibodies in infants born to mothers with COVID-19 pneumonia Lack of vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, China First case of neonatal infection due to COVID 19 in Spain COVID-19 vaginal delivery-a case report Analysis of the pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 in Hubei Province Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy: a case series COVID-19 in a 26-week preterm neonate COVID-19 Infection in First Trimester of Pregnancy Marked by a Liver Cytolysis: A Case Report Evidence of mother-to-newborn infection with COVID-19 Maternal death due to COVID-19 Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Testicular effects following in utero exposure to the antivirals acyclovir and ganciclovir in rats Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Interleukin-2 receptor serum concentrations in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia The involvement of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage Abnormal IL-2 receptor levels in non-pregnant women with a history of recurrent miscarriage IL-7/IL-7R signaling pathway might play a role in recurrent pregnancy losses by increasing inflammatory Th17 cells and decreasing Treg cells Association of tumor necrosis factoralpha 308G/A polymorphism with recurrent miscarriages in women Human tumour necrosis factor: physiological and pathological roles in placenta and endometrium Tumor necrosis factor-α and pregnancy complications: a prospective study Placental TNF-α signaling in illness-induced complications of pregnancy Programming of fetal insulin resistance in pregnancies with maternal obesity by ER stress and inflammation TNF-alpha is a predictor of insulin resistance in human pregnancy Maternal circulating concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, leptin, and adiponectin in gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis Prenatal immune challenge affects growth, behavior, and brain dopamine in offspring In utero exposure to virus infections and the risk of developing anorexia nervosa Maternal infection: window on neuroimmune interactions in fetal brain development and mental illness Prenatal exposure to maternal infection alters cytokine expression in the placenta, amniotic fluid, fetal brain Prenatal LPS-exposurea neurodevelopmental rat model of schizophrenia-differentially affects cognitive functions, myelination and parvalbumin expression in male and female offspring Prenatal lipopolysaccharide exposure promotes dyslipidemia in the male offspring rats Prenatal viral exposure followed by adult stress produces glucose intolerance in a mouse model Prenatal initiation of endotoxin airway exposure prevents subsequent allergeninduced sensitization and airway inflammation in mice Thrown off balance: the effect of antenatal inflammation on the developing lung and immune system Maternal stress during pregnancy increases neonatal allergy susceptibility: role of glucocorticoids Hertz-Picciotto I. Is maternal influenza or fever during pregnancy associated with autism or developmental delays? Although there is little knowledge about placental findings associated with the common coronaviruses, Ng et al. reported placental pathology in seven women with SARS infection in Hong Kong (43) . keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; expression; infection; inflammatory; influenza; maternal; placental; pregnancy; response; sars; syndrome; virus; women cache: cord-278839-uu2wlpmp.txt plain text: cord-278839-uu2wlpmp.txt item: #347 of 647 id: cord-278873-x6i5tiju author: Reddy, Vidhatha title: Management guidelines for pregnant healthcare workers exposed to infectious dermatoses date: 2020-04-18 words: 1745 flesch: 13 summary: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations 496 for Measles in Healthcare Settings Transmission and Clinical Features of Enterovirus 71 Infections in 500 Household Contacts in Taiwan Human parvovirus B19 infection in healthcare workers Placental Massive Perivillous Fibrinoid Deposition Associated with 584 Report of a Case, and Review of the Literature Atypical Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by 587 Parvovirus B19: a review Immunization of Health-Care Personnel: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization 591 Practices (ACIP) Association of COVID-19 infection with pregnancy outcomes in 594 healthcare workers and general women. BJOG: An International 607 Parvovirus B19 Infection in Human Pregnancy Outbreak of parvovirus B19 infection among anesthesiology and surgical fellows Association of State Laws Healthcare Workers' Influenza Vaccination Rates Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during 618 pregnancy Pityriasis rosea: An update on etiopathogenesis and 620 management of difficult aspects Updated recommendations for use of VariZIG -United States A report of three cases and review of intrauterine herpes 625 simplex virus infection A Case of Macrolide-Refractory 627 Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Pregnancy Treated with Garenoxacin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. keywords: b19; disease; hcws; infection; mouth; pregnancy cache: cord-278873-x6i5tiju.txt plain text: cord-278873-x6i5tiju.txt item: #348 of 647 id: cord-278935-3lgud7l8 author: Chen, Zheng‐Rong title: Clinical and epidemiological profiles of lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children due to human bocavirus in a subtropical area of China date: 2014-04-30 words: 4782 flesch: 43 summary: Although few studies have investigated the epidemiological files of HBoV infection in children with lower respiratory tract infection in subtropical area in China, a possible relationship between meteorological factors and incidence of HBoV is currently unknown. The ratio of male to female children with HBoV infection was 1.67:1 and no gender difference was observed in the incidence of HBoV infection compared with total children with lower respiratory tract infection (male to female, HBoV infected children 1.7 vs. total children 1.7, P > 0.05). keywords: bocavirus; children; et al; hbov; human; infection; study; tract cache: cord-278935-3lgud7l8.txt plain text: cord-278935-3lgud7l8.txt item: #349 of 647 id: cord-279255-v861kk0i author: Dhama, Kuldeep title: Coronavirus Disease 2019–COVID-19 date: 2020-06-24 words: 23944 flesch: 36 summary: Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein Animal models for SARS and MERS coronaviruses Recent advances in the vaccine development against Middle East respiratory syndromecoronavirus Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets A live attenuated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is immunogenic and efficacious in golden Syrian hamsters Animal models and vaccines for SARS-CoV infection Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset Vaccines for the prevention against the threat of MERS-CoV Molecular basis of coronavirus virulence and vaccine development Mice transgenic for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 provide a model for SARS coronavirus infection Genetically engineering a susceptible mouse model for MERS-CoV-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine A mouse model for MERS coronavirus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome Replicative capacity of MERS coronavirus in livestock cell lines Entry of human coronavirus NL63 into the cell China's response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert Early epidemiological analysis of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak based on crowdsourced data: a population-level observational study Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus The progress of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) event in China Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Response to the emerging novel coronavirus outbreak Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China Novel coronavirus, poor quarantine, and the risk of pandemic Novel Coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: intense surveillance is vital for preventing sustained transmission in new locations Risk for transportation of 2019 novel coronavirus disease from Wuhan to other cities in China Infections without borders: a new coronavirus in Wuhan, China An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time Limiting spread of COVID-19 from cruise ships-lessons to be learnt from Japan Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records A case of 2019 novel coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study A pregnant woman with COVID-19 in Central America Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19). CEPI to fund three programmes to develop vaccines against the novel coronavirus, nCoV-2019 Moderna announces funding award from CEPI to accelerate development of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine against novel coronavirus Novel inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry that act by three distinct mechanisms Treatment with interferon-␣2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV-infected rhesus macaques Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics Potential antiviral therapeutics for 2019 novel coronavirus A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern Coronavirusesdrug discovery and therapeutic options Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-␤1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common Marmoset Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-␤1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies Towards a solution to MERS: protective human monoclonal antibodies targeting different domains and functions of the MERS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein Characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against MERScoronavirus spike protein Crossneutralization of SARS coronavirus-specific antibodies against bat SARS-like coronaviruses New coronavirus threat galvanizes scientists Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Cell-based antiviral screening against coronaviruses: developing virus-specific and broad-spectrum inhibitors Passive immunotherapy with dromedary immune serum in an experimental animal model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: a systemic review Human transbodies that interfere with the functions of Ebola virus VP35 protein in genome replication and transcription and innate immune antagonism Inhibitors of RAS might be a good choice for the therapy of COVID-19 pneumonia Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture keywords: acute; animal; bat; cases; cell; china; control; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covs; disease; drugs; health; host; human; infection; mers; ncov; novel; novel coronavirus; outbreak; patients; pneumonia; potential; protein; respiratory; risk; sars; sars coronavirus; spread; studies; study; syndrome; transmission; treatment; vaccine; viruses; wuhan cache: cord-279255-v861kk0i.txt plain text: cord-279255-v861kk0i.txt item: #350 of 647 id: cord-279483-gwikyux2 author: Wong, Joshua Guoxian title: Risk prediction models to guide antibiotic prescribing: a study on adult patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infections in an emergency department date: 2020-11-02 words: 4301 flesch: 40 summary: Cochrane Database of Syst Rev Over-prescribing of antibiotics and imaging in the management of uncomplicated URIs in emergency departments Trends in emergency department antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections Ambulatory antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis and cough and hospital admissions for respiratory infections: time trends analysis Antibiotic use for viral acute respiratory tract infections remains common Antibiotic utilization for acute respiratory tract infections in U.S. emergency departments Predictors of frequent attenders of emergency department at an acute general hospital in Singapore Frequent attenders at the emergency department: an analysis of characteristics and utilisation trends. Furthermore, most studies on antibiotic prescribing focus on understanding behaviors and perceptions or finding associative factors for antibiotic prescribing decisions [22] [23] [24] [25] . keywords: antibiotics; data; infections; influenza; models; patients; prescribing; study cache: cord-279483-gwikyux2.txt plain text: cord-279483-gwikyux2.txt item: #351 of 647 id: cord-279849-zzkliu76 author: DaPalma, T. title: A systematic approach to virus–virus interactions date: 2010-01-20 words: 8236 flesch: 24 summary: on a worldwide geographical scale Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo An equine infectious anemia virus variant superinfects cells through novel receptor interactions Specific inhibition of the PKR-mediated antiviral response by the murine cytomegalovirus proteins m142 and m143 Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 completely help adenovirus-associated virus replication Recombination in HIV: an important viral evolutionary strategy A prospective study of dengue infections in Bangkok Human cytomegalovirus TRS1 and IRS1 gene products block the double-stranded-RNA-activated host protein shutoff response induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 infection Genital herpes and human immunodeficiency virus: double trouble The interaction between herpes simplex virus and human immunodeficiency virus Nonreciprocal pseudotyping: murine leukemia virus proteins cannot efficiently package spleen necrosis virus-based vector RNA Memory CD8+ T cells in heterologous antiviral immunity and immunopathology in the lung Specific history of heterologous virus infections determines anti-viral immunity and immunopathology in the lung Anatomical mapping of human herpesvirus reservoirs of infection Systemic movement of a movement-deficient strain of Cucumber mosaic virus in zucchini squash is facilitated by a cucurbit-infecting potyvirus Reactivation and recombination of multiple cytomegalovirus strains from individual organ donors A viral epitope that mimics a self antigen can accelerate but not initiate autoimmune diabetes Coxsackie B virus infection and onset of childhood diabetes Dynamic effects of antibody-dependent enhancement on the fitness of viruses A case-control study of group B Coxsackievirus immunoglobulin M antibody prevalence and HLA-DR antigens in newly diagnosed cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Maternal enteroviral infection during pregnancy as a risk factor for childhood IDDM. The phenomenon of ADE is not unique to dengue virus infections. keywords: cell; disease; et al; expression; gene; herpesvirus; hiv; host; human; immune; infection; interactions; protein; replication; type; virus; viruses; vvi cache: cord-279849-zzkliu76.txt plain text: cord-279849-zzkliu76.txt item: #352 of 647 id: cord-279864-5ouuu49v author: Hou, Jing title: Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles date: 2020-06-07 words: 4436 flesch: 43 summary: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Tianjin area, China to quantify the incidence of respiratory infections among children, and its association with home environments and lifestyles. Modifying such factors might reduce the incidence of respiratory infections among children. keywords: air; children; factors; home; infections; modern; pneumonia; risk; study cache: cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt plain text: cord-279864-5ouuu49v.txt item: #353 of 647 id: cord-280060-gzby85u9 author: Rello, Jordi title: Management of infections in critically ill returning travellers in the intensive care unit—II: clinical syndromes and special considerations in immunocompromised patients() date: 2016-04-28 words: 5495 flesch: 32 summary: Travel patterns and risk behavior in solid organ transplant recipients International travel patterns and travel risks for stem cell transplant recipients International travel in the immunocompromised patient: a cross-sectional survey of travel advice in 254 consecutive patients Symptoms of infectious diseases in immunocompromised travelers: a prospective study with matched controls Multidrug-resistant bacteria without borders: role of international trips in the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria Infection in solid-organ transplant recipients Impact of antiviral preventive strategies on the incidence and outcomes of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients Travel medicine and transplant tourism in solid organ transplantation Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: an overview of infection risks and epidemiology Rates of serious infection, including site-specific and bacterial intracellular infection, in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor alphaneutralizing agent Anti-tumour necrosis factor-induced visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis: case report and review of the literature Bacterial infections in low-risk, febrile neutropenic patients Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states Such patients may be instructed to start empirical antibiotics targeted at encapsulated bacteria immediately if any clinical signs or symptoms of infection ensue. keywords: disease; fever; haemorrhagic; infections; malaria; organ; patients; pneumonia; recipients; risk; therapy; transplant; travel; travellers cache: cord-280060-gzby85u9.txt plain text: cord-280060-gzby85u9.txt item: #354 of 647 id: cord-280184-91d8i6ix author: Querido, Micaela Machado title: Self-disinfecting surfaces and infection control date: 2019-06-01 words: 10606 flesch: 27 summary: surfaces studies, the most recent and relevant works developed on surface modification or functionalization were selected and two main types of surfaces were considered for this review -anti-adhesive surfaces and antimicrobial surfaces, along with their subtypes. For example, antimicrobial surfaces are in constant process of activity oppositely to no-touch technologies or conventional cleaning. keywords: activity; antimicrobial; aureus; bacteria; care; cleaning; contact; contamination; control; disinfection; et al; facilities; food; healthcare; hospital; infection; materials; microorganisms; patients; properties; results; silver; study; surfaces cache: cord-280184-91d8i6ix.txt plain text: cord-280184-91d8i6ix.txt item: #355 of 647 id: cord-281249-89eycq64 author: Falsey, Ann R title: Utility of serum procalcitonin values in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cautionary note date: 2012-02-23 words: 3384 flesch: 27 summary: Therefore, we evaluated procalcitonin as a predictor of viral versus bacterial infection in patients hospitalized with AECOPD with and without evidence of pneumonia. However, discrimination between viral and bacterial infection using a 0.25 ng/mL threshold for bacterial infection in patients with AECOPD was poor. keywords: aecopd; disease; infection; levels; patients; procalcitonin; respiratory; subjects cache: cord-281249-89eycq64.txt plain text: cord-281249-89eycq64.txt item: #356 of 647 id: cord-281417-z6k30y1m author: Waggoner, Stephen N title: Roles of natural killer cells in antiviral immunity date: 2016-02-29 words: 4876 flesch: 33 summary: A recently developed model of EBV infection of humanized mice, in which NK cells prevented mononucleosis-like disease by targeting infected cells [37] , may be useful in trying to parse out the relative contributions of NK cell functions to human disease. A cytotoxic effector cell with a B lymphocyte phenotype Therapeutic envelope vaccination in combination with antiretroviral therapy temporarily rescues SIV-specific CD4(+) T-cell-dependent natural killer cell effector responses in chronically infected rhesus macaques CD4+ T-cell help enhances NK cell function following therapeutic HIV-1 vaccination the authors show that therapies that restore virusspecific T cells have the capability of enhacing antiviral NK cell responses Ribavirin improves the IFN-gamma response of natural killer cells to IFN-based therapy of hepatitis C virus infection In vivo activation of human NK cells by treatment with an interleukin-15 superagonist potently inhibits acute in vivo HIV-1 infection in humanized mice The authors are supported by National Institutes of Health grants DA038017 and AI118179, the Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, the Albert J. Ryan Foundation, the CancerFree KIDS Pediatric Cancer Research Alliance, and The Ellison Medical Foundation. keywords: cells; control; human; immune; infection; killer; memory; responses; virus cache: cord-281417-z6k30y1m.txt plain text: cord-281417-z6k30y1m.txt item: #357 of 647 id: cord-282142-76jr4p7n author: Wang, Yun title: Potential Effect of COVID-19 on Maternal and Infant Outcome: Lesson From SARS date: 2020-08-07 words: 5514 flesch: 38 summary: Arch Dis Childh Fetal Neonatal Ed Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS in newborns and children Clinical analysis of pregnancy in second and third trimesters complicated severe acute respiratory syndrome A case-controlled study comparing clinical course and outcomes of pregnant and non-pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS and pregnancy: a case report SARS during pregnancy, United States Severe acute respiratory syndrome in pregnancy Infants born to mothers with severe acute respiratory syndrome The placentas of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a pathophysiological evaluation Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia Single-cell RNAsequencing analysis identifies host long noncoding RNA MAMDC2-AS1 as a co-factor for HSV-1 nuclear transport A pregnant woman with COVID-19 in Central America Detection of specific antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus nucleocapsid protein for serodiagnosis of SARS coronavirus pneumonia Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in china Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records Potential maternal and infant outcomes from (Wuhan) coronavirus 2019-nCoV infecting pregnant women: lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. keywords: coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; infection; maternal; patients; pregnancy; sars; transmission; women cache: cord-282142-76jr4p7n.txt plain text: cord-282142-76jr4p7n.txt item: #358 of 647 id: cord-282204-j1slaefb author: Silva, José V.J. title: A scoping review of Chikungunya virus infection: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, viral co-circulation complications, and control date: 2018-12-31 words: 8022 flesch: 25 summary: Empirically-or reverse-engineered attenuated live vaccines, however, have been shown to be capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immune responses and have also been suggested to prevent CHIKV infection (Levitt et al., 1986; Wang et al., 2008 Wang et al., , 2011 Plante et al., 2011; Gorchakov et al., 2012; García-Arriaza et al., 2014) . In addition to classical attenuation via serial viral passage in cells, reverse genetics strategies have been employed as platforms for construction of recombinant attenuated viruses or vaccine chimeras (Wang et al., 2008; Plante et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2011; García-Arriaza et al., 2014; van den Doel et al., 2014; Erasmus et al., 2017 ). keywords: aedes; aegypti; antibodies; chikungunya; chikungunya virus; chikv; control; dengue; denv; diagnosis; disease; et al; fever; infection; mosquitoes; patients; replication; strategies; transmission; vaccine; vector; virus; viruses; zika; zikv cache: cord-282204-j1slaefb.txt plain text: cord-282204-j1slaefb.txt item: #359 of 647 id: cord-282668-bs634hti author: Niang, Mbayame Ndiaye title: Respiratory viruses in patients with influenza-like illness in Senegal: Focus on human respiratory adenoviruses date: 2017-03-22 words: 4627 flesch: 42 summary: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0 Epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in two long-term refugee camps in Kenya Viral etiology and seasonality of influenza-like illness in Gabon Epidemiology of respiratory viral infection using multiplex rt-PCR in Laboratory Surveillance of Influenza-Like Illness in Seven Teaching Hospitals The clinical and etiological characteristics of influenza-like illness (ILI) in outpatients in Temporal changes in respiratory adenovirus serotypes circulating in the greater Toronto area Adenovirus respiratory tract infections in Peru Sentinel surveillance of influenza-like illness in two hospitals in Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections Viral etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in Cameroon The role of respiratory viral infections among children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia in a developing country Respiratory Virus Detection and Clinical Diagnosis in Children Attending Day Care Surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections in Southern Arizona Epidemiology of human respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory tract infections in Jinan, China Respiratory viral infection in lower airways of asymptomatic children Viral and Other Infections of the Human Respiratory Tract The epidemiology of adenovirus infections in Greater Manchester, UK 1982-96 Estimates of world-wide distribution of child deaths from acute respiratory infections Viral infections of the lower respiratory tract: old viruses, new viruses, and the role of diagnosis Molecular identification of adenoviruses associated with respiratory infection in Egypt from Adenovirus infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China Feigin RD, Cherry JD. keywords: adenovirus; children; detection; hadv; human; infections; influenza; patients; senegal; species; study; years cache: cord-282668-bs634hti.txt plain text: cord-282668-bs634hti.txt item: #360 of 647 id: cord-283138-18q23z8l author: Balasubramanian, S. title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children - What We Know So Far and What We Do Not date: 2020-04-09 words: 3468 flesch: 40 summary: COVID-19 IN CHILDREN children [19] . I COVID-19 IN CHILDREN children with COVID-19 are likely to need any specific therapy other than supportive treatment, and the decision to start antiviral or immunomodulatory treatment should therefore be made carefully in consultation with experts in pediatric infectious disease and immunology. keywords: adults; cases; children; coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars cache: cord-283138-18q23z8l.txt plain text: cord-283138-18q23z8l.txt item: #361 of 647 id: cord-283405-aozxvxxs author: Vermillion, Meghan S. title: Pregnancy and infection: using disease pathogenesis to inform vaccine strategy date: 2018-02-01 words: 8432 flesch: 21 summary: This enables production of a vaccine strain with maximum efficacy and safety, and represents another promising alternative to conventional attenuated or killed virus vaccines. Recombinant virus vaccines, however, warrant careful consideration of the safety of the vector itself, especially in pregnant women. keywords: antibody; congenital; disease; immunity; immunization; infection; influenza; maternal; pregnancy; protection; risk; safety; transmission; vaccination; vaccine; virus; women cache: cord-283405-aozxvxxs.txt plain text: cord-283405-aozxvxxs.txt item: #362 of 647 id: cord-283545-vu8lt3w6 author: Brabb, Thea title: Infectious Diseases date: 2011-12-16 words: 28881 flesch: 42 summary: Otitis media, conjunctivitis, and an inflamed prostate gland are signs that have been associated with Pseudomonas in other reports of guinea pig infection (Fox, 2002) . key: cord-283545-vu8lt3w6 authors: Brabb, Thea; Newsome, Denise; Burich, Andrew; Hanes, Martha title: Infectious Diseases date: 2011-12-16 journal: The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-380920-9.00023-7 sha: doc_id: 283545 cord_uid: vu8lt3w6 Although guinea pigs are sensitive and susceptible to the development of lesions from a wide range of viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and parasites, only a small number of organisms cause natural infection and only a portion of that group cause clinical disease. keywords: animals; background; baker; barthold; bronchiseptica; cases; cause; caviae; clinical; colonies; colony; culture; diagnosis; disease; et al; etiology; fox; ganaway; gram; guinea pigs; harkness; human; infection; laboratory; laboratory guinea; lesions; mice; organisms; parainfluenza; pathogenesis; pathology; pcr; percy; pneumonia; positive; post; prevention; report; signs; songer; species; spp; therapy; transmission; treatment; virus; wagner cache: cord-283545-vu8lt3w6.txt plain text: cord-283545-vu8lt3w6.txt item: #363 of 647 id: cord-283588-j27q53oz author: Gebicki, Jerzy title: COVID-19 infection: mitohormetic concept of immune response date: 2020-07-14 words: 435 flesch: 33 summary: The mitohormetic concept of anti-inflammatory activity by 1-MNA is presented in Fig. 1 . 1-MNA, previously regarded as a useless metabolite of NA excreted with urine, has been shown to possess significant anti-inflammatory properties 5 . keywords: infection; mna cache: cord-283588-j27q53oz.txt plain text: cord-283588-j27q53oz.txt item: #364 of 647 id: cord-283779-mudwcypl author: Lauretani, Fulvio title: Assessment and treatment of older individuals with COVID-19 multi-system disease: clinical and ethical implications date: 2020-05-11 words: 9739 flesch: 35 summary: As a consequence of multimorbidity, polypharmacy defined as the number of drugs reported at hospital admission and the potential drug-drug interactions require a careful evaluation in older COVID-19 patients. These principles have been often ignored, especially in older COVID-19 patients. keywords: acute; care; coronavirus; covid-19; day; days; disease; infection; mortality; nutritional; patients; phase; pulmonary; risk; sars; symptoms; syndrome; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-283779-mudwcypl.txt plain text: cord-283779-mudwcypl.txt item: #365 of 647 id: cord-283792-g7wyu8pc author: Hiltunen, Raimo title: Preventing airborne infection with an intranasal cellulose powder formulation (Nasaleze Travel®) date: 2007 words: 2723 flesch: 47 summary: A randomized, blinded study design was applied in 2 countries-Finland and the United Kingdom-to test whether the addition of PGE would increase the potential for preventing airborne infection among individuals traveling locally and nationally during the winter, when airborne infections are at their peak. Details of the statistical analysis indicate that the sample variance and the standard deviation were low, and that although most members of the 2 groups were female volunteers, they were well matched statistically with a standard error for the difference of the means of just 0.76 for the number of active airborne infections reported by each group, so that probability with a Student t test was P<.01. keywords: cellulose; group; infection; nasaleze; number; volunteers cache: cord-283792-g7wyu8pc.txt plain text: cord-283792-g7wyu8pc.txt item: #366 of 647 id: cord-283826-lgyc3sro author: Stiehm, E. Richard title: Therapeutic Use of Immunoglobulins date: 2010-11-05 words: 9757 flesch: 33 summary: A randomized double-blind trial Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in the prevention of pneumonia in patients with common variable immunodeficiency High dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood Infusion of Fc gamma fragments for treatment of children with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura Fcg receptor as regulators of immune responses Anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG mediated through the inhibitory Fc receptor Anti-inflammatory activity of immunoglobulin G resulting from Fc sialylation Recapitulation of IVIG anti-inflammatory activity with a recombinant IgG Fc Identification of a receptor required for the anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG Mechanism of intravenous immune globulin therapy in antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases Accelerated autoantibody clearance by intravenous immunoglobulin therapy: Intravenous immune globulin for the prevention of bacterial infections in children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection Passive antibody therapies: progress and continuing challenges Antitoxin versus no antitoxin in scarlet fever Adjunctive treatment of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome using intravenous immunoglobulin: case report and review Different preparations of intravenous immunoglobulin vary in their efficacy to neutralize streptococcal superantigens: implications for treatment of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome Clinical usefulness of intravenous human immunoglobulins in invasive group keywords: antibodies; antibody; antitoxin; diseases; dose; high; human; igg; immune; immunodeficiency; immunoglobulin; infection; intravenous; ivig; patients; primary; studies; syndrome; therapy; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-283826-lgyc3sro.txt plain text: cord-283826-lgyc3sro.txt item: #367 of 647 id: cord-284195-qarz4o2z author: Ansumali, Santosh title: A Very Flat Peak: Exponential growth phase of COVID-19 is mostly followed by a prolonged linear growth phase, not an immediate saturation date: 2020-04-11 words: 4426 flesch: 53 summary: However, the number of daily COVID-19 infections in many places has been roughly constant, at least for 3 to 4 weeks, after containment measures. key: cord-284195-qarz4o2z authors: Ansumali, Santosh; Prakash, Meher K title: A Very Flat Peak: Exponential growth phase of COVID-19 is mostly followed by a prolonged linear growth phase, not an immediate saturation date: 2020-04-11 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.07.20055772 sha: doc_id: 284195 cord_uid: qarz4o2z When actively taking measures to control an epidemic, an important indicator of success is crossing the peak of daily new infections. keywords: data; exponential; growth; infections; linear; number; rate cache: cord-284195-qarz4o2z.txt plain text: cord-284195-qarz4o2z.txt item: #368 of 647 id: cord-284216-4sl8xfur author: Sinha, Anirban title: Can Measurements of Inflammatory Biomarkers Be Used to Spot Respiratory Viral Infections? date: 2020-10-17 words: 5030 flesch: 40 summary: On the other hand, clinically available parameters for airways assessment such as inflammatory and lung function indices have not been traditionally used for the diagnosis of viral respiratory infections. Therefore, we aimed at investigating how reliable inflammatory biomarkers and lung function are for the detection of respiratory viral infections in humans, by systematically comparing the values of these parameters/biomarkers during the participants' pre-and post-infection state within a longitudinal study cohort. keywords: averages; biomarkers; day; infection; inoculation; study; summary; table; time cache: cord-284216-4sl8xfur.txt plain text: cord-284216-4sl8xfur.txt item: #369 of 647 id: cord-284322-synuzaxm author: Borel, Nicole title: Mixed infections with Chlamydia and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus - a new in vitro model of chlamydial persistence date: 2010-07-27 words: 5451 flesch: 41 summary: If Chlamydia pecorum infection might induce a down regulation of the host PEDV receptor needed for syncytium formation at 14-15 hours post-chlamydial infection, this could produce a reduction in syncytium formation without reducing viral entry or replication -the possible persistence inducer mechanism. In other words, Chlamydia pecorum inclusions Vero cells were infected with Chlamydia abortus with subsequent PEDV inoculation and stained as with an anti-Chlamydia antibody and DAPI; c) Frequency of inclusions with various sizes was calculated and mono and double infected cells were compared according to the inclusion size. keywords: abortus; cells; chlamydia; inclusions; infected; infection; pecorum; pedv; persistence; virus cache: cord-284322-synuzaxm.txt plain text: cord-284322-synuzaxm.txt item: #370 of 647 id: cord-284386-emh9feb3 author: Chatterjee, Saptarshi title: Studying the progress of COVID-19 outbreak in India using SIRD model date: 2020-06-23 words: 9099 flesch: 54 summary: As mentioned earlier, we chose the factor $ 10 À3 (obtained in case of Germany and few other countries by dividing the cumulative population at infection peak by the actual population of the country) and multiplied it with the Indian population of $ 10 9 to estimate the lower bound of the susceptible population (S 0 ). To analyze the situation, we compare two scenarios side by side from a more recent perspective (evolved when the manuscript was under revision): time evolution of infection curves (a) with lockdown (containment measures ? keywords: containment; fig; infection; infection peak; lockdown; measures; model; number; peak; population cache: cord-284386-emh9feb3.txt plain text: cord-284386-emh9feb3.txt item: #371 of 647 id: cord-284845-on97zu6w author: Falcinelli, Shane D. title: Integration of Global Analyses of Host Molecular Responses with Clinical Data To Evaluate Pathogenesis and Advance Therapies for Emerging and Re-emerging Viral Infections date: 2016-07-29 words: 8479 flesch: 29 summary: The pathway ORA of the kinome data demonstrated that Congo Basin MPXV infection resulted in strong down-regulation of a large proportion of host cell responses, most notably apoptosis, in comparison to West African MPXV. Global suppression of the host antiviral response by Ebolaand Marburgviruses: increased antagonism of the type I interferon response is associated with enhanced virulence Assessing the contribution of interferon antagonism to the virulence of West African Ebola viruses Ebola virus modulates transforming growth factor beta signaling and cellular markers of mesenchyme-like transition in hepatocytes Human monkeypox Status of human monkeypox: clinical disease, epidemiology and research A tale of two clades: monkeypox viruses Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and West African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates Clinical manifestations of human monkeypox influenced by route of infection Cytokine modulation correlates with severity of monkeypox disease in humans Smallpox DNA vaccine protects nonhuman primates against lethal monkeypox Genomic variability of monkeypox virus among humans Comparison of host cell gene expression in cowpox, monkeypox or vaccinia virus-infected cells reveals viral-specific regulation of immune responses Stunned silence: gene expression programs in human cells infected with monkeypox or vaccinia virus Systems kinomics demonstrates Congo Basin monkeypox virus infection selectively modulates host cell signaling responses as compared to West African monkeypox virus Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway early during vaccinia and cowpox virus infections is required for both host survival and viral replication Dynamic phosphorylation of VP30 is essential for Ebola virus life cycle Structural phosphoprotein M2-1 of the human respiratory syncytial virus is an RNA binding protein Phosphorylation status of the phosphoprotein P of rinderpest virus modulates transcription and replication of the genome A comparison of the chicken and turkey proteomes and phosphoproteomes in the development of poultry-specific immuno-metabolism kinome peptide arrays Characterization of the host response to pichinde virus infection in the Syrian golden hamster by speciesspecific kinome analysis Computational analysis of the predicted evolutionary conservation of human phosphorylation sites keywords: analysis; cell; cov; disease; ebov; host; human; infected; infection; kinase; kinome; mers; mpxv; patients; responses; signaling; viral; virus cache: cord-284845-on97zu6w.txt plain text: cord-284845-on97zu6w.txt item: #372 of 647 id: cord-285148-bch7814v author: Singanayagam, Aran title: Viruses exacerbating chronic pulmonary disease: the role of immune modulation date: 2012-03-15 words: 7925 flesch: 28 summary: Emerg Infect Dis Impaired innate host defense causes susceptibility to respiratory virus infections in cystic fibrosis Prevalence and impact of respiratory viral infections in young children with cystic fibrosis: prospective cohort study Australian Respiratory Early Surveillance Team for Cystic Fibrosis: Innate inflammatory responses of pediatric cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells: effects of nonviral and viral stimulation Interleukin-8 production by cystic fibrosis nasal epithelial cells after tumor necrosis factor-alpha and respiratory syncytial virus stimulation Lack of an exaggerated inflammatory response upon virus infection in cystic fibrosis Impaired type I and type III interferon induction and rhinovirus control in human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells Hypersusceptibility to respiratory viruses as a shared mechanism for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis Insights into the interaction between influenza virus and pneumococcus Many of the inflammatory mediators produced are chemoattractants and, therefore, following virus infection inflammatory cells are recruited to the lungs. keywords: asthma; cells; chronic; copd; disease; exacerbations; ifn; infection; patients; responses; studies; virus; viruses cache: cord-285148-bch7814v.txt plain text: cord-285148-bch7814v.txt item: #373 of 647 id: cord-285270-amh99u0j author: Husain, Shahid title: A 2010 working formulation for the standardization of definitions of infections in cardiothoracic transplant recipients date: 2011-03-17 words: 4681 flesch: 21 summary: A randomized trial Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in end stage cystic fibrosis: implications for lung transplantation An official ATS/ IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases Tuberculosis after solid-organ transplant: incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics in the RESITRA (Spanish Network of Infection in Transplantation) cohort Tuberculosis in solidorgan transplant recipients: consensus statement of the group for the study of infection in transplant recipients (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Human metapneumovirus in lung transplant recipients and comparison to respiratory syncytial virus Impact after isolated lung transplantation International consensus guidelines on the management of cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplantation Cytomegalovirus viremia in lung transplant recipients receiving ganciclovir and immune globulin Bronchioloalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of CMV pneumonitis in lung transplant recipients: an immunocytochemical study Quantification of cytomegalovirus DNA in BAL fluid: a longitudinal study in lung transplant recipients Predictive value of cytomegalovirus DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage in lung transplant patients Clinical utility of cytomegalovirus viral load in bronchoalveolar lavage in lung transplant recipients Correlation between viral loads of cytomegalovirus in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from lung transplant recipients determined by histology and immunohistochemistry Evaluation of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in lung transplant patients with human cytomegalovirus infection Human cytomegalovirus load in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: a longitudinal study of lung transplant recipients Detection of CMV pneumonitis after lung transplantation using PCR of DNA from bronchoalveolar lavage cells Fungal infection in lung transplantation Invasive fungal infections among organ transplant recipients: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) Epidemiology and outcome of invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients Anastomotic infections in lung transplant recipients Unique characteristics of fungal infections in lung transplant recipients Prospective assessment of Platelia Aspergillus galactomannan antigen for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis using a galactomannan assay: a meta-analysis Pulmonary cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: clinical relevance of serum cryptococcal antigen Histoplasmosis in solid organ transplant recipients Histoplasmosis in solid organ transplant recipients: 10 years of experience at a large transplant center in an endemic area Disseminated coccidioidomycosis in a liver transplant recipient with negative serology: use of polymerase chain reaction Performance characteristics of the platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay for detection of Aspergillus galactomannan antigen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Aspergillus galactomannan antigen in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients by detection of galactomannan in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Evaluation of a (1¡3)-beta-D-glucan assay for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections The (1,3)␤-D-glucan test as an aid to early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections following lung transplantation Pulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients Saprophytic fungal infections and complications involving the bronchial anastomosis following human lung transplantation Aspergillus infections after lung transplantation: clinical differences in type of transplant and implications for management Bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan in diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis among solid-organ transplant recipients Prospective assessment of Platelia Aspergillus galactomannan antigen for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients Voriconazole prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients Aspergillus colonization of the lung allograft is a risk factor for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome Antifungal prophylaxis with voriconazole or itraconazole in lung transplant recipients: hepatotoxicity and effectiveness Aspergillus infections in lung transplant recipients: risk factors and outcome Fungal infections after lung transplantation keywords: cttx; definitions; diagnosis; fungal; infections; lung; pneumonia; recipients; rejection; transplant; transplantation cache: cord-285270-amh99u0j.txt plain text: cord-285270-amh99u0j.txt item: #374 of 647 id: cord-285467-uxfk6k3c author: Ragni, Enrico title: Management of osteoarthritis during COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-05-21 words: 7081 flesch: 25 summary: OA patients often show a large array of concomitant pathologies such as diabetes, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases that are again shared with COVID‐19 patients and may therefore increase complications. Predisposing comorbidities in OA patients At the moment, no studies have investigated a potential relationship between respiratory viral infections and the development of OA, as described for parainfluenza and coronavirus and the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (30) . keywords: article; copyright; covid-19; disease; drugs; infection; nsaids; opioids; osteoarthritis; patients; pneumonia; rights; risk; sars; treatment; use cache: cord-285467-uxfk6k3c.txt plain text: cord-285467-uxfk6k3c.txt item: #375 of 647 id: cord-285628-36gyix12 author: Stull, Jason W. title: Hospital-Associated Infections in Small Animal Practice date: 2015-03-31 words: 6764 flesch: 22 summary: 50, 51 Other genera in the Enterobacteriaceae family (ie, Klebsiella, Enterobacter) are considered to be important in human HAIs; however, less is known of their involvement in veterinary infections. Unfortunately, studies on the area indicate only a minority of small animal veterinary hospitals have written infection-control plans (0%-31%). keywords: animal; care; control; dogs; hais; hospital; infection; medicine; pathogens; patients; resistance; risk; veterinary cache: cord-285628-36gyix12.txt plain text: cord-285628-36gyix12.txt item: #376 of 647 id: cord-285785-29ohzeug author: Chen, Xiaolan title: Epigenetic Regulation by Non-Coding RNAs in the Avian Immune System date: 2020-08-12 words: 9699 flesch: 42 summary: LncRNA directly regulates MDV gene expression is another approach for chicken host to response to MD. miRNA transcriptome analysis in chicken kidneys showed 58 DE miRNAs were found and were shown to be mostly associated with immune response, catalytic activities, metabolic processes, and gene expression [119] . keywords: alv; analysis; avian; cell; chicken; circrnas; disease; expression; factor; genes; gga; ibdv; immune; infection; mdv; mirnas; protein; replication; response; signaling; target; virus cache: cord-285785-29ohzeug.txt plain text: cord-285785-29ohzeug.txt item: #377 of 647 id: cord-286328-ap0wfjhq author: Lewis, Toby C. title: Nasal cytokine responses to natural colds in asthmatic children date: 2012-11-26 words: 4780 flesch: 41 summary: Our finding that IRF7 mRNA is elevated after respiratory viral infection in children with asthma is validated by a recent study analysing patterns of gene expression in nasal lavage samples from children experiencing picornavirus-induced asthma exacerbations Our ability to detect statistically significant changes in specific mRNAs and proteins using the current study design suggests that this is a viable approach for use in future investigations, for example, studies examining whether an early adjustment of asthma medications could abort or temper the impact of respiratory viral infections. keywords: asthma; cells; children; cytokines; ifn; infection; levels; nasal; rhinovirus; samples; symptoms cache: cord-286328-ap0wfjhq.txt plain text: cord-286328-ap0wfjhq.txt item: #378 of 647 id: cord-286337-qk90xb3a author: Hanada, Shigeo title: Respiratory Viral Infection-Induced Microbiome Alterations and Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia date: 2018-11-16 words: 9815 flesch: 11 summary: The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses Influenza virus infection decreases tracheal mucociliary velocity and clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Ciliary dyskinesia is an early feature of respiratory syncytial virus infection Depression of monocyte and polymorphonuclear leukocyte oxidative metabolism and bactericidal capacity by influenza A virus Sustained desensitization to bacterial Toll-like receptor ligands after resolution of respiratory influenza infection Both influenza-induced neutrophil dysfunction and neutrophil-independent mechanisms contribute to increased susceptibility to a secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection Influenza virus-induced immune complexes suppress alveolar macrophage phagocytosis Alteration of pulmonary macrophage function by respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro Depletion of alveolar macrophages during influenza infection facilitates bacterial superinfections Immune impairment of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis during influenza virus pneumonia Effect of virus infection on the inflammatory response. The gut microbiota plays a protective role in the host defence against pneumococcal pneumonia Recognition of peptidoglycan from the microbiota by Nod1 enhances systemic innate immunity Probiotic bacteria reduced duration and severity but not the incidence of common cold episodes in a double blind, randomized, controlled trial Probiotics for the prevention of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review The microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine protects from influenza through type I interferon Oral administration of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 enhances protection against influenza virus infection by stimulation of type I interferon production in mice Augmentation of cellular immunity and reduction of influenza virus titer in aged mice fed Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota Microbiota regulates the TLR7 signaling pathway against respiratory tract influenza keywords: bacterial; changes; colonization; gut; host; infection; influenza; mice; microbial; microbiome; patients; pneumoniae; respiratory; responses; streptococcus; tract; virus cache: cord-286337-qk90xb3a.txt plain text: cord-286337-qk90xb3a.txt item: #379 of 647 id: cord-286368-kdwh4hgf author: Hui, David S.C. title: A clinical approach to the threat of emerging influenza viruses in the Asia‐Pacific region date: 2017-07-05 words: 7715 flesch: 34 summary: However, for some asymptomatic persons in which a substantial unprotected or prolonged exposure to an ill patient with A(H7N9) infection has occurred, initiation of empiric post-exposure antiviral treatment (e.g. oseltamivir 75 mg orally bd for 5 days), on the presumption that influenza virus infection has occurred, may be considered. influenza virus infection, including patients with severe immunosuppression, neonates and infants, pregnant and early post-partum women, elderly adults, persons with co-morbidities and other highly vulnerable patients; or, unprotected healthcare workers, especially those involved in AGP. keywords: a(h5n1; a(h7n9; avian; cases; days; human; infection; influenza; oseltamivir; patients; poultry; risk; treatment; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-286368-kdwh4hgf.txt plain text: cord-286368-kdwh4hgf.txt item: #380 of 647 id: cord-286574-t9z2ynt5 author: None title: Speaker presentations date: 2017-09-30 words: 14868 flesch: 37 summary: Increased mortality and morbidity in resistant infections is due to treatment failure of antibiotic therapy which is associated with bacterial fitness, greater severity of underlying illness, delays in initiating effective therapy and lack of effective therapy (Friedman et al. 2016) . In this study, emticitrabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF or Truvada ® ) safely achieved a 44% per-protocol reduction in new HIV infections. keywords: amr; antibiotics; care; clones; colistin; control; countries; development; disease; drug; gram; health; hiv; impact; infection; mortality; mrsa; new; patients; pneumonia; prep; resistance; risk; sfts; species; strains; studies; testing; therapy; time; treatment; use cache: cord-286574-t9z2ynt5.txt plain text: cord-286574-t9z2ynt5.txt item: #381 of 647 id: cord-286683-mettlmhz author: Ortiz-Prado, Esteban title: Clinical, molecular and epidemiological characterization of the SARS-CoV2 virus and the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comprehensive literature review date: 2020-05-30 words: 13331 flesch: 37 summary: medRxiv Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19 Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19 Potential presymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Interferon-stimulated genes and their antiviral effector functions RIG-I in RNA virus recognition RNA recognition and signal transduction by RIG-I-like receptors Recognition of viral single-stranded RNA by Toll-like receptors Mechanisms of innate immune evasion in re-emerging RNA viruses Viral Innate Immune Evasion and the Pathogenesis of Emerging RNA Virus Infections Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology Middle East respiratory syndrome Interaction of SARS and MERS coronaviruses with the antiviral interferon response SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome MERS-CoV infection in humans is associated with a pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile Interleukin-1 receptor blockade is associated with reduced mortality in sepsis patients with features of the macrophage activation syndrome: Re-analysis of a prior Phase III trial A multicenter, randomized controlled trial for the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in the treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Three recent examples of these viral jumps include SARS CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS CoV-2 virus. keywords: acute; cases; cells; china; clinical; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; human; infection; influenza; mers; ncov; novel; novel coronavirus; patients; pneumonia; protein; r n; responses; sars; study; syndrome; treatment; use; vaccine; wuhan cache: cord-286683-mettlmhz.txt plain text: cord-286683-mettlmhz.txt item: #382 of 647 id: cord-288113-ex4yi28u author: Epalza, Cristina title: Role of Viral Molecular Panels in Diagnosing the Etiology of Fever in Infants Younger Than 3 Months date: 2019-11-09 words: 3657 flesch: 37 summary: Febrile Infant Collaborative Study Group C-reactive protein as a marker of serious bacterial infections in hospitalized febrile infants Markers that predict serious bacterial infection in infants under 3 months of age presenting with fever of unknown origin Risk stratification and management of the febrile young child Outpatient management without antibiotics of fever in selected infants Management and outcomes of care of fever in early infancy Detection of respiratory viruses by molecular methods Simultaneous detection and high-throughput identification of a panel of RNA viruses causing respiratory tract infections Comparison of the FilmArray assay and in-house real-time PCR for detection of respiratory infection Clinical and financial benefits of rapid bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing Clinical impact of rapid identification and susceptibility testing of bacterial blood culture isolates Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Risk of serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections Prevalence of serious bacterial infections in febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection Influenza virus infection and the risk of serious bacterial infections in young febrile infants Low prevalence of invasive bacterial infection in febrile infants under 3 months of age with Enterovirus infection Evaluation of diagnostic tests for infectious diseases: general principles Procalcitonin in young febrile infants for the detection of serious bacterial infections Diagnostic value of procalcitonin in well-appearing young febrile infants Validation of a laboratory risk index score for the identification of severe bacterial infection in children with fever without source European Group for Validation of the Step-by-Step Approach. The present evaluation demonstrates that molecular techniques greatly improve the detection rate of viral infections, especially in the challenging group of febrile infants without clinical source, among which the increase in microbiological documentation was nearly 20%. keywords: culture; episodes; infants; infection; manuscript; risk; sbi; study cache: cord-288113-ex4yi28u.txt plain text: cord-288113-ex4yi28u.txt item: #383 of 647 id: cord-288238-36hiiw91 author: Keshavarz, Mohsen title: Metabolic host response and therapeutic approaches to influenza infection date: 2020-03-05 words: 8165 flesch: 26 summary: Induction of protective immune response to intranasal administration of influenza virus-like particles in a mouse model Association of polymorphisms in inflammatory cytokines encoding genes with severe cases of influenza a/H1N1 and B in an Iranian population Acute encephalopathy associated with influenza and other viral infections Influenza vaccination for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness Effectiveness of influenza vaccines in asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis The nutritional requirements for the propagation of poliomyelitis virus by the HeLa cell Energy metabolic disorder is a major risk factor in severe influenza virus infection: proposals for new therapeutic options based on animal model experiments Metabolic pathways of lung inflammation revealed by high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) of H1N1 influenza virus infection in mice Targeting metabolic reprogramming by influenza infection for therapeutic intervention Influenza virus M2 protein inhibits epithelial sodium channels by increasing reactive oxygen species Influenza a virus PB1-F2 is involved in regulation of cellular redox state in alveolar epithelial cells Enhanced oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins and levels of some antioxidant enzymes, cytokines, and heat shock proteins in patients infected with influenza H1N1 virus Does influenza A infection increase oxidative damage Selenium levels, selenoenzyme activities and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in H1N1-infected children Lung histopathological findings in fatal pandemic influenza a (H1N1) Influenza virus replication in lung epithelial cells depends on redox-sensitive pathways activated by NOX4-derived ROS Oxidative stress in lungs of mice infected with influenza a virus Alterations in antioxidant defences in lung and liver of mice infected with influenza a virus Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production ameliorates inflammation induced by influenza a viruses via upregulation of SOCS1 and SOCS3 Inhibition of Nox2 oxidase activity ameliorates influenza a virus-induced lung inflammation Influenza a virus and TLR7 activation potentiate NOX2 oxidasedependent ROS production in macrophages Endosomal NOX2 oxidase exacerbates virus pathogenicity and is a target for antiviral therapy Dependence on O2-generation by xanthine oxidase of pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice Oxygen radicals in influenza-induced pathogenesis and treatment with pyran polymer-conjugated SOD Alteration of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 expression by influenza a virus is correlated with virus replication Inhibition of influenza infection by glutathione Influenza a virus replication is dependent on an antioxidant pathway that involves GSH and Bcl-2 Differential redox state contributes to sex disparities in the response to influenza virus infection in male and female mice Glutathione increase by the n-butanoyl glutathione derivative (GSH-C4) inhibits viral replication and induces a predominant Th1 immune profile in old mice infected with influenza virus Glutathione-redox balance regulates c-rel-driven IL-12 production in macrophages: possible implications in Antituberculosis immunotherapy The cytokine storm of severe influenza and development of immunomodulatory therapy Inflammatory Monocytes Drive Influenza A Virus-Mediated Lung Injury in Juvenile Mice Role of indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase in alpha/beta and gamma interferon-mediated antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus infections Effects of interferons and viruses on metabolism Dynamics of the cellular metabolome during human cytomegalovirus infection Systems-level metabolic flux profiling identifies fatty acid synthesis as a target for antiviral therapy Early enhanced glucose uptake in human cytomegalovirus-infected cells Respiration and ATP level in BHK21/13S cells during the earlist stages of rubella virus replication Primary effects of the rubella virus on the metabolism of BHK-21 cells grown in suspension cultures Mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysfunction in human hepatic cells infected with dengue 2 virus Respiration and glycolysis of human cells grown in tissue culture Some metabolic effects of poliomyelitis virus on tissue culture The aforementioned metabolic processes are not the only pathways affected by influenza virus infection. keywords: acid; activity; atp; cells; expression; fatty; glucose; glycolysis; increase; infection; influenza; metabolic; mice; pathways; production; replication; role; virus cache: cord-288238-36hiiw91.txt plain text: cord-288238-36hiiw91.txt item: #384 of 647 id: cord-288494-6qybdxc4 author: Liao, Qiaohong title: A clinical prediction rule for diagnosing human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) in a hospital emergency department setting date: 2014-08-05 words: 4550 flesch: 39 summary: Depending on resource availability and surge capacity, patients assigned to different risk groups may need to be handled differently. In step 2, simple radiologic and laboratory variables were added to significant predictors from step 1 (those having a P-value less than 0.05) to further refine the identification of subgroups having higher risk for A(H7N9). keywords: a(h7n9; cases; china; infection; influenza; patients; prediction; risk; rule; step cache: cord-288494-6qybdxc4.txt plain text: cord-288494-6qybdxc4.txt item: #385 of 647 id: cord-288505-v4dbswyk author: Roberts, M.T.M. title: An analysis of imported infections over a 5-year period at a teaching hospital in the United Kingdom date: 2003-11-30 words: 1887 flesch: 44 summary: key: cord-288505-v4dbswyk authors: Roberts, M.T.M.; Lever, A.M.L. title: An analysis of imported infections over a 5-year period at a teaching hospital in the United Kingdom date: 2003-11-30 journal: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2003.10.002 sha: doc_id: 288505 cord_uid: v4dbswyk Abstract Background. Imported infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the United Kingdom. keywords: cases; diseases; hospital; infections cache: cord-288505-v4dbswyk.txt plain text: cord-288505-v4dbswyk.txt item: #386 of 647 id: cord-288930-h13cxuh3 author: Lim, Faye J title: Viral Etiology and the Impact of Codetection in Young Children Presenting With Influenza-Like Illness date: 2016-07-20 words: 3430 flesch: 37 summary: Detection of respiratory viruses by molecular methods Epidemiology of viral respiratory infections The role of infections and coinfections with newly identified and emerging respiratory viruses in children Presence of the newly discovered human polyomaviruses KI and WU in Australian patients with acute respiratory tract infection Human rhinovirus C: age, season, and lower respiratory illness over the past 3 decades Human bocavirus-the first 5 years Single versus dual respiratory virus infections in hospitalized infants: impact on clinical course of disease and interferon-[gamma] response Multipathogen infections in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections Evaluation of viral co-infections in hospitalized and non-hospitalized children with respiratory infections using microarrays Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children Rates Calculator, version 9.5.5. Respiratory viruses were identified by culture and polymerase chain reaction. keywords: children; codetection; data; infection; influenza; study; virus; viruses cache: cord-288930-h13cxuh3.txt plain text: cord-288930-h13cxuh3.txt item: #387 of 647 id: cord-288945-c9ow1q5c author: Spengler, Ulrich title: Liver Disease Associated with Non-Hepatitis Viruses date: 2019-11-01 words: 7433 flesch: 31 summary: For certain regions simultaneous testing for dengue and Zika virus infection is recommended. Unusual manifestation of infection with Coxsackie virus group B, type 3 Reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 by infection of human herpesvirus 7 Chikungunya fever in travelers: Clinical presentation and course Pathology of fatal human infection associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus Acyclovir for treatment of infectious mononucleosis: A metaanalysis Valacyclovir for herpes simples virus infection: Long-term safety and sustained efficacy after 20 years' experience with acyclovir Complete clinical and virological remission of refractory HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma with pegylated interferon alpha Genetic divergence and dispersal of yellow fever virus A comparison of the pattern of liver involvement in dengue hemorrhagic fever with classic dengue fever Quantitation of Epstein-Barr virus mRNA using reverse transcription and real-time PCR Association of lymphomatoid granulomatosis with Epstein-Barr viral infection of B lymphocytes and response to interferon-alpha 2b Fever in returned travelers: Results from the GeoSentinel surveillance network Temporal pattern of hepatic dysfunction and disease severity in patients with SARS Dengue: Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control World Health Organization (2012) Handbook for clinical management of dengue Recovery from adenovirus pneumonia in a severe combined immunodeficiency patient with intravenous ribavirin Comparison of antiviral compounds against human herpesvirus 6 and 7 Human parvovirus B19 infection associated with acute hepatitis Acute exacerbation of autoimmune liver disease associated with hantaviral infection Human infection by avian influenza A H5N1 Disseminated herpes simplex type 2 and systemic Candida infection in a patient with previous asymptomatic HIV infection Histology slides were kindly provided by Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Fischer, Department of Pathology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of Bonn, Germany. keywords: acute; cmv; dengue; disease; et al; fever; hepatitis; human; infection; liver; organ; patients; syndrome; transplantation; virus; viruses cache: cord-288945-c9ow1q5c.txt plain text: cord-288945-c9ow1q5c.txt item: #388 of 647 id: cord-289139-5ljqnc39 author: Mengelle, C. title: The use of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for diagnosing acute respiratory viral infections in children attending an emergency unit date: 2014-09-03 words: 2574 flesch: 47 summary: respiratory viral panel with in-house nucleic acid amplification tests for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections Epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in a prospective cohort of infants and toddlers attending daycare Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children Severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and toddlers from a nonaffluent population: viral etiology and co-detection as risk factors Dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis Single versus dual respiratory virus infections in hospitalized infants: impact on clinical course of disease and interferon-gamma response The 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) coincides with changes in the epidemiology of other viral pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children Rates of hospitalisation for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus among infants and young children Spectrum and frequency of illness presenting to a pediatric emergency department Relative quantification of 40 nucleic acid sequences by multiplex ligationdependent probe amplification Performance of a rapid molecular multiplex assay for the detection of influenza and picornaviruses Pathogen chip for respiratory tract infections A Prospective Study of Agents associated with acute respiratory infection among young American Indian children Comparison of multiplex PCR assays and conventional techniques for the diagnostic of respiratory virus infections in children admitted to hospital with an acute respiratory illness Viral etiology of common cold in children Prospective evaluation of a novel multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of fifteen respiratory pathogens-duration of symptoms significantly affects detection rate Do rhinoviruses cause pneumonia in children? Lower respiratory tract infections associated with rhinovirus during infancy and increased risk of wheezing during childhood. keywords: children; infections; samples; symptoms; viruses cache: cord-289139-5ljqnc39.txt plain text: cord-289139-5ljqnc39.txt item: #389 of 647 id: cord-289406-54vyzxjf author: Edwards, Suzanne title: An Experimental Model for Myocarditis and Congestive Heart Failure after Rabbit Coronavirus Infection date: 1992-01-17 words: 3505 flesch: 45 summary: Viruses have long been recognized as important etiologic agents of heart disease in humans and experimental animals [1-3). In humans and experimental animals, viruses commonly linked to heart disease include the picornaviruses, paramyxoviruses, myxoviruses, alphaviruses, and coronaviruses keywords: animals; disease; heart; infection; myocarditis; rabbits; subacute; virus cache: cord-289406-54vyzxjf.txt plain text: cord-289406-54vyzxjf.txt item: #390 of 647 id: cord-289650-q2io8vgi author: Hammond, Ffion R. title: If it’s not one thing, HIF’s another: immunoregulation by hypoxia inducible factors in disease date: 2020-07-06 words: 3798 flesch: 31 summary: The direction and mode of HIF manipulation as a therapy is dictated by the inflammatory properties of the disease in question, with innate immune cell HIF reduction being, in general, advantageous during chronic inflammatory conditions, while upregulation of HIF is beneficial during infections. This review focuses on cutting edge findings that uncover the roles of myeloid cell HIF signalling on immunoregulation in the contexts of inflammation and infection, and explores future directions of potential therapeutic strategies. keywords: cell; disease; hif; hif-1α; host; hypoxia; infection; inflammation; model; myeloid; stabilisation cache: cord-289650-q2io8vgi.txt plain text: cord-289650-q2io8vgi.txt item: #391 of 647 id: cord-289697-g24xib4l author: MacDowell, Ana L. title: Infectious triggers of asthma date: 2005-03-01 words: 7780 flesch: 33 summary: Serum IgE levels in white and metis communities in Saskatchewan Hay fever, hygiene, and household size Viral induction of a chronic asthma phenotype and genetic segregation from the acute response Recurrent wheezy bronchitis and viral respiratory infections Viral respiratory infections in asthamtic children staying in a mountain resort Microbiology and epidemiology of upper respiratory tract infections Acute respiratory illness in the community: frequency of illness and the agents involved Repeat consultations after antibiotic prescribing for respiratory infection: a study in one general practice The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States Risk factors for lower respiratory complications of rhinovirus infections in elderly people living in the community: prospective cohort study Community study of role of viral infections in exacerbations of asthma in 9-11 year old children Viral respiratory tract infections and exacerbations of asthma in adult patients Viruses as precipitants of asthma symptoms. Viral infections commonly trigger asthma exacerbations, having been noted in nearly half of asthma exacerbations in adults [10] and in an even greater percentage of exacerbations in children. keywords: acute; age; asthma; children; exacerbations; infection; influenza; patients; pneumoniae; rsv; study; virus; wheezing cache: cord-289697-g24xib4l.txt plain text: cord-289697-g24xib4l.txt item: #392 of 647 id: cord-290385-0smnl70i author: Chan, Jasper F.W. title: Zika fever and congenital Zika syndrome: An unexpected emerging arboviral disease date: 2016-03-03 words: 8262 flesch: 36 summary: Domain III peptides from flavivirus envelope protein are useful antigens for serologic diagnosis and targets for immunization A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential Spread of the pandemic Zika virus lineage is associated with NS1 codon usage adaptation in humans Biology of Zika virus infection in human skin cells Autophagy and viral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Zika virus infection of the central nervous system of mice Zika virus: further isolations in the Zika area, and some studies on the strains isolated Persistence of arboviruses and antiviral antibodies in vertebrate hosts: its occurrence and impacts Incubation periods of mosquito-borne viral infections: a systematic review Rapid risk assessment: Zika virus infection outbreak, French Polynesia Current Zika virus epidemiology and recent epidemics Zika virus outbreak Zika virus infection in man Zika virus infection, Cambodia Fatal Zika virus infection in girl with sickle cell disease, Colombia. Zika situation report e neurological syndrome and congenital anomalies Zika virus infection acquired during brief travel to Indonesia First case of Zika virus infection in a returning Canadian traveler Two cases of Zika fever imported from French Polynesia to Japan First case of laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection imported into Europe Zika virus infection after travel to Tahiti Zika virus infection in a traveller returning to Europe from Brazil Zika virus infections imported to Italy: clinical, immunological and virological findings, and public health implications Cytokine kinetics of Zika virus-infected patients from acute to reconvalescent phase Zika virus in an American recreational traveler Acute Zika virus infection after travel to Malaysian Borneo Zika fever imported from Thailand to Japan, and diagnosed by PCR in the urines Zika virus infection in a traveller returning from the Maldives Epidemiological alert e neurological syndrome, congenital malformations, and Zika virus infection. keywords: aedes; blood; cases; congenital; dengue; epidemic; fever; human; infection; microcephaly; mosquito; patients; syndrome; transmission; virus; virus infection; zika; zika virus; zikv; zikv infection cache: cord-290385-0smnl70i.txt plain text: cord-290385-0smnl70i.txt item: #393 of 647 id: cord-290674-1kdc6xk8 author: Hershenson, Marc B. title: Rhinovirus-Induced Exacerbations of Asthma and COPD date: 2013-02-21 words: 6763 flesch: 35 summary: Clinical and biologic significance Effect of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids before and during experimental infection Rhinovirus upper respiratory infection increases airway hyperreactivity and late asthmatic reactions A common cold virus, rhinovirus 16, potentiates airway inflammation after segmental antigen bronchoprovocation in allergic subjects Rhinovirus infection preferentially increases lower airway responsiveness in allergic subjects Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1ra levels in nasal lavages during experimental rhinovirus infection in asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects Bronchial biopsies in asthma: an ultrastructural, quantitative study and correlation with hyperreactivity Epithelial damage and angiogenesis in the airways of children with asthma Basal cells of differentiated bronchial epithelium are more susceptible to rhinovirus infection Interleukin-13-induced mucous metaplasia increases susceptibility of human airway epithelium to rhinovirus infection Cytokines and autoimmunity Rhinovirus-induced PBMC responses and outcome of experimental infection in allergic subjects Relationship of upper and lower airway cytokines to outcome experimental rhinovirus infection Rhinovirusinduced lower respiratory illness is increased in asthma and related to virus load and Th1/2 cytokine and IL-10 production Asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells have a deficient innate immune response to infection with rhinovirus Role of deficient type III interferon-production in asthma exacerbations The current explanation is that rhinovirus infection induces the release of chemokines from airway epithelial cells, thereby attracting inflammatory cells to the airways. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; copd; disease; epithelial; exacerbations; human; infection; mice; patients; response; rhinovirus cache: cord-290674-1kdc6xk8.txt plain text: cord-290674-1kdc6xk8.txt item: #394 of 647 id: cord-290783-ipoelk4h author: Crouch, C. F. title: Vaccination against enteric rota and coronaviruses in cattle and pigs: Enhancement of lactogenic immunity date: 1985-09-30 words: 4553 flesch: 25 summary: A review Studies on rotaviral antibody in bovine serum and lacteal secretions using radioimmunoassay The rotaviruses Radioimmunological (RIA) and enzymimmunological (ELISA) detection of coronavirus antibodies in bovine serum and lacteal secretions Vaccination of cows with a combined rotavirus/ enterotoxigenic Escherichia coil K99 vaccine to protect newborn calves against diarrhoea Immune responses of pregnant cows to bovine rotavirus =mmunization Passive immunity in calf rotavirus infections. An analysis of Scourvax-Reo The efficacy of a modified live reo-like virus vaccine and an Escherichia coli bacterin for prevention of acute undifferentiated neonatal diarrhoea of beef calves Rotavirus infections in calves: Efficacy of oral vaccination in endemically infected herds Colostral and milk antibody titres in cows vaccinated with a modified live rotaviruscoronavirus vaccine L Passive immunity in calf diarrhoea: Vaccination with K99 antigen of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and rotavirus Passive immunity in calf rotavirus infections: Maternal vaccination increases and prolongs immunoglobulin G 1 antibody secretion in milk Evolution des anticorps anti rota dans le lait de vaches traitees en fin de Gestation soit par le vaccine ant=-rota complet, soit par I'adjuvant seul Passive protection of newborn calves against rotavirus by vaccination of their dams Die Wirksamkeitsprufung eimer inaktiv=erten rotavirus-vakzine in einem Milchviehbestand Passive immunity to bovine rotavirus in newborn calves fed colostrum supplements from immunized or non-immunized cows Rotavirus infection in lambs: Studies on passive protection Development of passive immunity to porcine rotavirus in pigs protected from disease by bovine colostrum Diarrhoea in dairy calves reduced by feeding colostrum from cows vaccinated with rotavirus. keywords: antibody; calf; calves; diarrhoea; immunity; infections; milk; neonatal; pigs; rotavirus; vaccination cache: cord-290783-ipoelk4h.txt plain text: cord-290783-ipoelk4h.txt item: #395 of 647 id: cord-291711-usvvad21 author: Radermecker, M. title: Atopie et infections date: 2000-01-31 words: 1894 flesch: 38 summary: et la lib&ration de cytokines et de mediateurs proinflammatoires. Le r61e possible des infections gt Chlamydia pneumoniae dans la gen6se de certains asthmes non allergiques pourrait voir attribuer aux macrolides une place dans le traitement de ces affections. keywords: allergique; des; infections; les; par; que; une; virus cache: cord-291711-usvvad21.txt plain text: cord-291711-usvvad21.txt item: #396 of 647 id: cord-292367-ocbsmmt6 author: El-Masri, Maher M. title: Exploring the influence of enforcing infection control directives on the risk of developing healthcare associated infections in the intensive care unit: A retrospective study date: 2012-02-29 words: 3091 flesch: 42 summary: Whilst this study utilised a rare natural occurrence (i.e., the SARS outbreak) in which infection control strategies were enforced throughout the healthcare system to explore the impact of enforcing infection control guidelines on HAIs, it is important that its findings be interpreted with caution due to its retrospective nature and the fact that it did not directly measure the association between enforcing infection control guidelines and HAIs. However, the impact of adherence or lack of, with the guidelines of infection control was almost never reported in these studies. keywords: control; hais; infection; risk; sars cache: cord-292367-ocbsmmt6.txt plain text: cord-292367-ocbsmmt6.txt item: #397 of 647 id: cord-292521-tpb12dkq author: Howard, John title: Widely Disseminated Cryptococcosis Manifesting in a Previously Undiagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Positive 18-Year-Old date: 2020-10-12 words: 2307 flesch: 44 summary: This report describes an unusual opportunistic infection in a young patient with no prior clinical evidence of HIV infection. Only during autopsy was the disseminated fungal infection discovered, leading to suspicion of HIV infection. keywords: autopsy; cd4; hiv; infection; patient; symptoms cache: cord-292521-tpb12dkq.txt plain text: cord-292521-tpb12dkq.txt item: #398 of 647 id: cord-292871-vgposxom author: Falsey, Ann R. title: The “Common Cold” in Frail Older Persons: Impact of Rhinovirus and Coronavirus in a Senior Daycare Center date: 2015-04-27 words: 3424 flesch: 47 summary: The Tecumseh study Acute respiratory tract infections in daycare centers for older persons Viral respiratory infections in the institutionalized elderly: Clinical and epidemiologic findings A rhinovirus outbreak among residents of a long-term care facility Principles and Practices of Infectious Diseases Impact of respiratory virus infection in patients with chronic chest disease Association of viral and mycoplasma pneumoniae infections with acute respiratory illness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases Viruses as precipitants of asthmatic attacks in children Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A infections in the hospitalized elderly Parainfluenza outbreaks in extended-care facilities -United States Excess pneumonia and influenza hospitalization in the US due 26 Epidemiology and control of nosocomial virus infec Hand-to-hand transmission of to infmenza epidcmics, 1970-78 726. Thirty-five (7%) of 522 cultures were positive for rhinovirus and 37 (8%) of 451 serologies were positive for coronavirus 229E infection. keywords: coronavirus; daycare; illnesses; infections; persons; respiratory; rhinovirus cache: cord-292871-vgposxom.txt plain text: cord-292871-vgposxom.txt item: #399 of 647 id: cord-293151-g3758oes author: Nemzek, Jean A. title: Biology and Diseases of Dogs date: 2015-07-10 words: 30311 flesch: 42 summary: Dogs have well developed olfactory glands, vision, and auditory and tactile senses that allow them to gain environmental cues and information from other dogs and humans (Field and Jackson, 2006; Joint Working Group on Refinement, 2004) . For example, from 3 to 8 weeks of age, puppies are most capable of learning about how to interact with other dogs. keywords: addition; age; animal; area; beagles; bitch; blood; body; canine; cases; catheter; cause; cell; chronic; complications; condition; control; days; diagnosis; disease; dogs; et al; etiology; ferguson; gland; helicobacter; hypothyroidism; infection; laboratory; lesions; lymphoma; mast; months; obesity; prevention; research; result; signs; skin; spp; stage; studies; study; systemic; therapy; time; tissue; transmission; treatment; tumors; use; weeks; weight; wound cache: cord-293151-g3758oes.txt plain text: cord-293151-g3758oes.txt item: #400 of 647 id: cord-293871-hzes7mwt author: McGuinness, Sarah L. title: Pretravel Considerations for Non-vaccine-Preventable Travel Infections date: 2018-11-26 words: 4023 flesch: 38 summary: 41 Long-term sequelae of chikungunya virus disease: a systematic review Zika: the origin and spread of a mosquito-borne virus Zika virus: history of a newly emerging arbovirus Zika virus outbreak on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia Zika virus Epidemiology, prevention, and potential future treatments of sexually transmitted Zika virus infection Zika virus classification tables Fatal Zika virus infection with secondary nonsexual transmission Estimated incubation period for Zika virus disease Persistence of Zika virus in body fluids-preliminary report Congenital Zika virus infection beyond neonatal microcephaly Update: interim guidance for health care providers caring for pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure-United States (including US territories) World Health Organization. 28 Pregnant women possibly exposed to ZIKV due to travel or sexual contact should discuss the potential exposure with their Although no vaccines are available at this time for prevention of MERS and avian influenza (H5N1 and H7N9) in travelers, providers should routinely review the most recent epidemiology of severe respiratory infections reported by authorities such as the WHO and CDC (see Table 7 .1) and promote general hygiene and other preventative measures to travelers to these areas (Box 7.2). keywords: chikungunya; dengue; infections; influenza; mers; transmission; travelers; virus; zika cache: cord-293871-hzes7mwt.txt plain text: cord-293871-hzes7mwt.txt item: #401 of 647 id: cord-294468-0v4grqa7 author: Kasilingam, Dharun title: Exploring the Growth of COVID‐19 Cases using Exponential Modelling Across 42 Countries and Predicting Signs of Early Containment using Machine Learning date: 2020-08-04 words: 7493 flesch: 48 summary: Data associated with the variables were collected from different official sources for a total of 42 counties with respect to COVID-19 infections as on 26 th March 2020. In line with the objectives of the study, classifiers were built based on a set of independent variables to predict if a country that has COVID-19 infections showed early signs of infection containment as a reflection of policy implementations and behaviour changes. keywords: article; containment; copyright; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; data; et al; infection; learning; lockdown; outbreak; pandemic; rights; spread cache: cord-294468-0v4grqa7.txt plain text: cord-294468-0v4grqa7.txt item: #402 of 647 id: cord-294568-12eyo13f author: Fernandes-Matano, Larissa title: Prevalence of non-influenza respiratory viruses in acute respiratory infection cases in Mexico date: 2017-05-03 words: 4936 flesch: 41 summary: Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for Non-Influenza Respiratory Viruses Anuario de Morbilidad Lineamientos para la Vigilancia de Influenza por Laboratorio Viral coinfection in acute respiratory infection in Mexican children treated by the emergency service: A cross-sectional study The frequency and seasonality of influenza and other respiratory viruses in Tennessee: two influenza seasons of surveillance data Surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections in Southern Arizona Prevalence of respiratory virus in symptomatic children in private physician office settings in five communities of the state of Veracruz, Mexico Influenza and other respiratory virus infections in outpatients with medically attended acute respiratory infection during Human rhinovirus and disease severity in children Rhinovirus infection in children hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis and its impact on subsequent wheezing or asthma: a comparison of etiologies The role of rhinovirus in asthma exacerbations The ABCs of rhinoviruses, wheezing, and asthma Rhinovirus-induced lower respiratory illness is increased in asthma and related to virus load and Th1/2 cytokine and IL-10 production Pathogenesis of rhinovirus infection Frequency of viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years of age at a locality of Mexico City Comparative viral frequency in Mexican children under 5 years of age with and without upper respiratory symptoms According to data from the Secretary of Health, approximately 80% of the samples from patients with ARIs that are received for confirmation of influenza virus infection outside of flu season are negative for the different strains of this virus and remain without a defined aetiology. keywords: age; aris; cases; children; human; infections; influenza; prevalence; samples; study; viruses cache: cord-294568-12eyo13f.txt plain text: cord-294568-12eyo13f.txt item: #403 of 647 id: cord-295746-6e6itj3y author: Gu, Young E. title: Characteristics of human parainfluenza virus type 4 infection in hospitalized children in Korea date: 2020-01-19 words: 3087 flesch: 55 summary: From January 2013 to December 2017, children admitted with respiratory tract infection at the Department of Pediatrics in Chung‐Ang University Hospital were enrolled in the study. Human parainfluenza virus type 4 is an important common pathogen of respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients in Korea. keywords: group; hpiv4; infection; respiratory; study cache: cord-295746-6e6itj3y.txt plain text: cord-295746-6e6itj3y.txt item: #404 of 647 id: cord-295873-kykyubdq author: Morikawa, Saeko title: Seasonal variations of respiratory viruses and etiology of human rhinovirus infection in children date: 2015-10-22 words: 2890 flesch: 44 summary: Review on long-term outcome until adulthood after early childhood wheezing Seasonal variations of 15 respiratory agents illustrated by the application of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay, Scand Clinical impact of RT-PCR for pediatric acute respiratory infections: a controlled clinical trial Viral etiology of respiratory infections in children in southwestern Saudi Arabia using multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Ten years' experience with year-round active surveillance of up to 19 respiratory pathogens in children High incidence but low burden of coronaviruses and preferential associations between respiratory viruses Human coronavirus in young children hospitalized for acute respiratory illness and asymptomatic controls Detection of respiratory viruses in gargle specimens of healthy children Molecular diagnosis of human enteroviruses by phylogeny-based classification by use of the VP4 sequence The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees Proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species A, B and C into genotypically assigned types Prospective genotyping of human rhinoviruses in children and adults during the winter of Molecular epidemiology of human rhinovirus C in patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Osaka City Proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species C into genotypically assigned types Picornaviridae study group Comparison of real-time PCR assays with fluorescent-antibody assays for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections in children Epidemiological study of respiratory viruses detected in patients under two years old who required admission because of lower respiratory disease Phylogenetic analysis reveals the global migration of seasonal influenza A viruses Do rhinoviruses reduce the probability of viral co-detection during acute respiratory tract infections? key: cord-295873-kykyubdq authors: Morikawa, Saeko; Kohdera, Urara; Hosaka, Taisuke; Ishii, Kousuke; Akagawa, Shohei; Hiroi, Satoshi; Kase, Tetsuo title: Seasonal variations of respiratory viruses and etiology of human rhinovirus infection in children date: 2015-10-22 journal: J Clin Virol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.10.001 sha: doc_id: 295873 cord_uid: kykyubdq BACKGROUND: Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method it is possible to detect uncultivable viruses and discover multiple viral infections. keywords: children; infections; pcr; rhinovirus; samples; viruses cache: cord-295873-kykyubdq.txt plain text: cord-295873-kykyubdq.txt item: #405 of 647 id: cord-296256-ipe92w4y author: Evelyn, Obando title: Prevalence, clinical outcomes and rainfall association of acute respiratory infection by human metapneumovirus in children in Bogotá, Colombia date: 2019-10-10 words: 3632 flesch: 41 summary: key: cord-296256-ipe92w4y authors: Evelyn, Obando; Jaime, Fernández-Sarmiento; David, Montoya; Lorena, Acevedo; Jenifer, Arroyave; Oscar, Gamboa title: Prevalence, clinical outcomes and rainfall association of acute respiratory infection by human metapneumovirus in children in Bogotá, Colombia date: 2019-10-10 journal: BMC Pediatr DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1734-x sha: doc_id: 296256 cord_uid: ipe92w4y BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Monthly rainfall patterns for the described study period were analyzed looking for an association with a higher or lower frequency of acute viral respiratory infections. keywords: children; hmpv; human; infection; metapneumovirus; patients; study cache: cord-296256-ipe92w4y.txt plain text: cord-296256-ipe92w4y.txt item: #406 of 647 id: cord-296567-six7u615 author: Hussain, Akhtar title: Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic date: 2020-04-10 words: 1626 flesch: 39 summary: We need to develop a hypothesis to explain the causal path underlying the more severe clinical presentation of COVID-19 infection and subsequent death in diabetic patients. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) -China 2020 Vascular complications of diabetes: mechanisms of injury and protective factors Infections, immunity and diabetes Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; diabetes; infection; patients cache: cord-296567-six7u615.txt plain text: cord-296567-six7u615.txt item: #407 of 647 id: cord-296635-8r3tm966 author: Breed, Andrew C. title: Evidence of Endemic Hendra Virus Infection in Flying-Foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus)—Implications for Disease Risk Management date: 2011-12-14 words: 4577 flesch: 43 summary: Vector Borne Zoonotic Diseases The ecology of Hendra virus and Australian bat lyssavirus Reproduction and nutritional stress are risk factors for Hendra virus infection in little red flying foxes (Pteropus scapulatus) Experimental Hendra virus infection in pregnant guinea-pigs and fruit bats (Pteropus poliocephalus) Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus Fenner's Veterinary Virology Landscape-scale redistribution of a highly mobile threatened species, Pteropus conspicillatus (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae), in response to Tropical Cyclone Larry Volant viruses: a concern to bats, humans and other animals Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Zaire ebolavirus Antibody Prevalence in the Possible Reservoir Bat Species Amplification of emerging viruses in a bat colony Ecology of rabies virus exposure in colonies of Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) at natural and man-made roosts in Texas Flying foxes: fruit and blossom bats of Australia Latitudinal range shifts in Australian flying-foxes: A re-evaluation Evidence for Nipah virus recrudescence and serological patterns of captive Pteropus vampyrus Fatal encephalitis due to novel paramyxovirus transmitted from horses Relapsed and late-onset Nipah encephalitis Dietary variation in spectacled flying foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus) of the Australian Wet Tropics Field anaesthesia of three Australian species of flying fox Some aspects of female reproduction in the greyheaded flying-fox, Pteropus poliocephalus (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae) Laboratory diagnosis of Nipah and Hendra virus infections Hendra and Nipah virus diseases. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028816.g003 The natural history of Hendra and Nipah viruses Nipah virus: impact, origins, and causes of emergence Evidence of henipavirus infection in West African fruit bats Henipavirus RNA in African bats Epidemiological perspectives on Hendra virus infection in horses and flying foxes Hendra virus outbreak with novel clinical features Queensland Government, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Hendra virus infection in a veterinarian Human Hendra virus encephalitis associated with equine outbreak Nipah virus: keywords: bats; females; flying; hendra; hev; infection; lactation; seroprevalence; transmission; virus cache: cord-296635-8r3tm966.txt plain text: cord-296635-8r3tm966.txt item: #408 of 647 id: cord-297790-tpjxt0w5 author: Mandl, Judith N. title: Going to Bat(s) for Studies of Disease Tolerance date: 2018-09-20 words: 9488 flesch: 28 summary: Given the diversity of the Chiroptera order (Figure 1) , we may simply see more bat viruses because there are so many (>1,300) species of bats (31) . Fewer studies have examined the adaptive immune system than those probing innate immune pathways, but experimental infections with bat borne viruses have demonstrated that bats generate low or absent antibody responses which often wane rapidly. keywords: aegyptiacus; alecto; bats; cell; dna; evidence; genes; host; humans; ifn; infection; reservoir; responses; rna; species; studies; virus; viruses cache: cord-297790-tpjxt0w5.txt plain text: cord-297790-tpjxt0w5.txt item: #409 of 647 id: cord-297834-me1ajoyb author: Schountz, Tony title: Hantavirus Immunology of Rodent Reservoirs: Current Status and Future Directions date: 2014-03-14 words: 6426 flesch: 33 summary: In addition, antigen presenting cells isolated from Norway rats and infected with SEOV in vitro were resistant to stimulation, suggesting that virus infection inhibits the normal signaling activities of these cells [85] . Kinetics of immune responses in deer mice experimentally infected with Sin Nombre virus Experimental infection with Puumala virus, the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica, in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) Intraspecific transmission of Hantaan virus, etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever, in the rodent Apodemus agrarius Modes of Seoul virus infections: Persistency in newborn rats and transiency in adult rats High levels of cytokine-producing cells in the lung tissues of patients with fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome The pathogenesis of nephropathia epidemica: New knowledge and unanswered questions Seoul virus enhances regulatory and reduces proinflammatory responses in male Norway rats Regulatory T cells enhance persistence of the zoonotic pathogen Seoul virus in its reservoir host Seoul virus-infected rat lung endothelial cells and alveolar macrophages differ in their ability to support virus replication and induce regulatory T cell phenotypes A lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Maporal viral infection in the Syrian golden hamster: A model of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome The delicate pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys delicatus) is the principal host of Maporal virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus). keywords: antibodies; cells; deer; disease; expression; hantavirus; host; immune; infection; mice; reservoir; response; rodent; species; virus cache: cord-297834-me1ajoyb.txt plain text: cord-297834-me1ajoyb.txt item: #410 of 647 id: cord-298131-zolwjl9u author: Xiao, Shuqi title: Understanding PRRSV Infection in Porcine Lung Based on Genome-Wide Transcriptome Response Identified by Deep Sequencing date: 2010-06-29 words: 9366 flesch: 34 summary: Data were presented as fold changes in gene expression normalized to the HPRT1 gene and relative to the C sample. Despite such limitations, our DGE study offers a broad, system-wide window into molecular processes that regulate gene expression and also provides new leads for functional studies of candidate genes involved in host-virus interaction, as illustrated in this paper. keywords: abundance; analysis; cells; expression; figure; genes; host; infected; infection; lungs; number; pigs; porcine; prrsv; response; syndrome; tags; transcript; viral; virus cache: cord-298131-zolwjl9u.txt plain text: cord-298131-zolwjl9u.txt item: #411 of 647 id: cord-298181-ypgb7uuc author: Hendaus, Mohamed A title: Why Are Children With Bronchiolitis At Risk Of Urinary Tract Infections? date: 2019-11-14 words: 1882 flesch: 26 summary: 47 Conclusions And Recommendations The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses Influenza virus lung infection protects from respiratory syncytial virus-induced immunopathology Occult serious bacterial infection in infants younger than 60 to 90 days with bronchiolitis: a systematic review Utility of sepsis evaluation in infants 90 days of age or younger with fever and clinical bronchiolitis Multicenter RSV-SBI Study Group of the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics Risk of serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections Concurrent serious bacterial infections in 2396 infants and children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections Prevalence of serious bacterial infections in febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection Risk of urinary tract infection in infants and children with acute bronchiolitis. Paediatr Child Health Sepsis workup in febrile infants 0-90 days of age with respiratory syncytial virus infection Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Sepsis evaluations in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis A prospective study of the risk for serious bacterial infections in hospitalized febrile infants with or without bronchiolitis Risks for bacteremia and urinary tract infections in young febrile children with bronchiolitis Practice guideline for the management of infants and children 0 to 36 months of age with fever without source Diagnostic testing for serious bacterial infections in infants aged 90 days or younger with bronchiolitis Office-based treatment and outcomes for febrile infants with clinically diagnosed bronchiolitis Association of diagnostic criteria with urinary tract infection prevalence in bronchiolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Assessing the utility of urine testing in febrile infants aged 2 to 12months with bronchiolitis Concurrent serious bacterial infections in 912 infants and children hospitalized for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection Comparison of urinary tract infection rates among 2-to 12-monthold febrile infants with RSV infections using 1999 and 2011 AAP diagnostic criteria Risk of bacterial infection in previously healthy respiratory syncytial virus-infected young children admitted to the intensive care unit Testing for urinary tract infection in the influenza/respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile infant aged 2 to 12 months Month-by-month age analysis of the risk for serious bacterial infections in febrile infants with bronchiolitis Risk factors in children hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis versus non-RSV bronchiolitis Appropriateness of testing for serious bacterial infection in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection, Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management. keywords: bronchiolitis; children; infants; infection; virus cache: cord-298181-ypgb7uuc.txt plain text: cord-298181-ypgb7uuc.txt item: #412 of 647 id: cord-298227-av1ev8ta author: Kähler, Christian J. title: Fundamental protective mechanisms of face masks against droplet infections date: 2020-06-28 words: 7150 flesch: 52 summary: key: cord-298227-av1ev8ta authors: Kähler, Christian J.; Hain, Rainer title: Fundamental protective mechanisms of face masks against droplet infections date: 2020-06-28 journal: J Aerosol Sci DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105617 sha: doc_id: 298227 cord_uid: av1ev8ta Many governments have instructed the population to wear simple mouth-and-nose covers or surgical face masks to protect themselves from droplet infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in public. It was surprizing that for months, WHO, the CDC and many public health professionals in Europe advised against wearing face masks unless someone has COVID-19 or cares for someone who has COVID-19 (Feng et al., 2020 and Leung et al., 2020a) . keywords: air; droplets; et al; face; filtering; flow; infection; masks; material; people; protection cache: cord-298227-av1ev8ta.txt plain text: cord-298227-av1ev8ta.txt item: #413 of 647 id: cord-298905-c2uuvfm5 author: Horzinek, M. C. title: Molecular pathogenesis of virus infections date: 1987 words: 3891 flesch: 34 summary: Attachment ofpoliovirus to cultivated cells of primate and non-primate origin Human chromosome 19 carries a poliovirus receptor gene Expression and modulation of virus receptors on lymphoid and myeloid cells: Relationship to infectivity Cell receptors for mammalian reovirus. With increasing knowledge about viral genes and their functions, in-depth study of the pathogenesis of virus diseases has become feasible and, in fact, fashionable. keywords: cell; disease; host; infection; membrane; receptor; rna; surface; virus; viruses cache: cord-298905-c2uuvfm5.txt plain text: cord-298905-c2uuvfm5.txt item: #414 of 647 id: cord-299255-wnf8fozk author: Chan, M.Y. title: Infections in Pregnancy date: 2017-11-27 words: 10314 flesch: 37 summary: The Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) acknowledges the link between Zika virus infection in pregnant women and subsequent birth defectsdspontaneous abortion and fetal demise Schuler-Faccini and Rasmussen, 2016) . Part 1: Herpes simplex virus infections Microbial ecology of gastrointestinal-tract Special report: Exploring the link between zika virus and microcephaly Possible association between Zika virus infection and microcephalydBrazil Main viral diseases with in utero transmission of pathogen during pregnancy, epidemiology, pathological features and outcome Main viral diseases with in utero transmission of pathogen during pregnancy: epidemiology, pathological features and outcome Congenital candidiasis: an uncommon skin eruption presenting at birth Campylobacter jejuni infection during pregnancy: long-term consequences of associated bacteremia, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and reactive arthritis Nonhuman primate model for Listeria monocytogenes-induced stillbirths Bacteria and inflammatory cells in fetal membranes do not always cause preterm labor TORCH Infections. keywords: birth; cause; cdc; disease; et al; fetus; infants; infection; malaria; mother; neonatal; pregnancy; preterm; risk; sepsis; transmission; virus; women; zika cache: cord-299255-wnf8fozk.txt plain text: cord-299255-wnf8fozk.txt item: #415 of 647 id: cord-299261-ew99nraq author: Cipriano, L. E. title: IMPACT OF UNIVERSITY RE-OPENING ON TOTAL COMMUNITY COVID-19 BURDEN date: 2020-09-18 words: 9224 flesch: 37 summary: Furthermore, while some of these studies did include infections among students arising from offcampus community contact, these studies did not consider the impact of university student infections and university administration prevention and management decisions on the broader community in which that campus is situated. Through the many interactions between the student population and the city in which they reside, COVID-19 mitigation policies targeted at university student communities and adopted by university leaders may have substantial public health implications for those in the surrounding community. keywords: care; community; contacts; covid-19; infections; license; number; population; preprint; students; testing; university cache: cord-299261-ew99nraq.txt plain text: cord-299261-ew99nraq.txt item: #416 of 647 id: cord-299786-wuve0tjz author: Anderson, Robert title: Manipulation of cell surface macromolecules by flaviviruses date: 2004-02-27 words: 13601 flesch: 19 summary: Interestingly, lymphocytes do not appear to undergo antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection (Brandt et al., 1979; Kurane et al., 1990) , even though B cells do have Fc receptors (Dijstelbloem et al., 2001 ; see Section IV,C). It has long been recognized that dengue virus passaged in various host cell types can give rise to virus variants with altered cell specificity (Brandt et al., 1979; Halstead et al., 1984a Halstead et keywords: adhesion; antibody; binding; blood; cells; dengue; dengue virus; disease; encephalitis; endothelial; et al; expression; fever; flaviviruses; halstead; human; immune; infection; mast; molecules; monocytes; platelets; protein; receptor; role; sulfate; surface; virus; virus infection cache: cord-299786-wuve0tjz.txt plain text: cord-299786-wuve0tjz.txt item: #417 of 647 id: cord-299918-0ahvoak4 author: Aykac, Kubra title: Respiratory viral infections in infants with possible sepsis date: 2018-09-24 words: 2458 flesch: 41 summary: key: cord-299918-0ahvoak4 authors: Aykac, Kubra; Karadag‐Oncel, Eda; Tanır Basaranoglu, Sevgen; Alp, Alpaslan; Cengiz, Ali Bulent; Ceyhan, Mehmet; Kara, Ates title: Respiratory viral infections in infants with possible sepsis date: 2018-09-24 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25309 sha: doc_id: 299918 cord_uid: 0ahvoak4 BACKGROUND: Knowledge of infections leading to sepsis is needed to develop comprehensive infection prevention and sepsis, as well as early recognition and treatment strategies. Kubra Aykac http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0974-4765 Pediatric sepsis: important considerations for diagnosing and managing severe infections in infants, children, and adolescents Pediatric sepsis in the developing world: challenges in defining sepsis and issues in post-discharge mortality Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock Detection of respiratory viral infections in neonates treated for suspicion of nosocomial bacterial sepsis: a feasibility study Clinical characteristics of children and adults hospitalized for influenza virus infection Rhinovirus infection associated with serious illness among pediatric patients Do viral infections mimic bacterial sepsis? keywords: groups; infection; patients; sepsis; viruses cache: cord-299918-0ahvoak4.txt plain text: cord-299918-0ahvoak4.txt item: #418 of 647 id: cord-300187-fr6tme32 author: Kearns, Shawn title: Infectious Hepatopathies in Dogs and Cats date: 2009-11-26 words: 5801 flesch: 31 summary: Disseminated infection and death have been reported in a single dog. 104, 105 In dogs, disseminated infection is most often associated with canine distemper, other infections including ehrlichiosis and immunosuppression, or vaccination with live attenuated vaccines. keywords: canine; cats; cells; diagnosis; disease; dogs; feline; hepatitis; infection; liver; mycobacterium; organs; primary; signs; treatment cache: cord-300187-fr6tme32.txt plain text: cord-300187-fr6tme32.txt item: #419 of 647 id: cord-300230-a3jk6w90 author: Ding, Ji-Guang title: Retrospective analysis of nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in China during 2003 and 2007 date: 2009-07-25 words: 3806 flesch: 41 summary: System Report, data summary from Nosocomial infections in medical-surgical intensive care units in Argentina: attributable mortality and length of stay Prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in a general hospital Surveillance of risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients in intensive care units Study on the changing trends in national nosocomial infection transaction investigation results Nosocomial infections in medical intensive care units in the United States Nosocomial infections: prospective survey of incidence in five French intensive care units Nosocomial infections in a neurosurgery intensive care unit Device-associated nosocomial infections in 55 intensive care units of 8 developing countries Epidemiology, risk factors and outcome of nosocomial infections in a Respiratory Intensive Care Unit in North India The excess length of stay was then calculated by subtracting the average length of stay for patients without nosocomial infection from that of patients with nosocomial infections. keywords: care; icu; infections; patients; rate; study; tract cache: cord-300230-a3jk6w90.txt plain text: cord-300230-a3jk6w90.txt item: #420 of 647 id: cord-300314-fbppvt75 author: Bikov, Andras title: 13th ERS Lung Science Conference. The most important take home messages: News from the Underground date: 2015-06-17 words: 2276 flesch: 33 summary: The most important take home messages: News from the Underground date: 2015-06-17 journal: Breathe (Sheff) DOI: 10.1183/20734735.04015 sha: doc_id: 300314 cord_uid: fbppvt75 The 13th ERS Lung Science Conference (LSC) was organised to bring academics together from all over the world to present and discuss the latest developments regarding lung infection and immunity. The scientific programme [1] was packed with the most up-to-date content in the field of lung infection and immunity and included some of the top researchers within this exciting area. keywords: cells; conference; ers; immunity; infection; lsc; lung; session cache: cord-300314-fbppvt75.txt plain text: cord-300314-fbppvt75.txt item: #421 of 647 id: cord-300747-fnli688g author: Calvo, Cristina title: Infections and coinfections by respiratory human bocavirus during eight seasons in hospitalized children date: 2016-05-06 words: 3374 flesch: 48 summary: In summary, we present a long prospective study of respiratory HBoV infections, with a considerable number of patients and compared with other viral infections, in which clinical features specific to this virus are shown. In this context, we would like to contribute to the knowledge of HBoV infections with a long-term prospective study. keywords: children; hbov; human; infections; viruses cache: cord-300747-fnli688g.txt plain text: cord-300747-fnli688g.txt item: #422 of 647 id: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm author: Weiss, Robin A title: Social and environmental risk factors in the emergence of infectious diseases date: 2004 words: 5855 flesch: 41 summary: A better understanding of the evolving social dynamics of emerging infectious diseases ought to help us to anticipate and hopefully ameliorate current and future risks. Emerging infectious diseases in humans comprise the following: first, established diseases undergoing increased incidence or geographic spread, for example, Tuberculosis and Dengue fever; second, newly discovered infections causing known diseases, for example, hepatitis C and Helicobacter pylori; and third, newly emerged diseases, for example, HIV/AIDS and SARS. keywords: aids; disease; emergence; hiv; human; infections; influenza; new; sars; species; spread; transmission; tuberculosis; virus; years cache: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm.txt plain text: cord-300793-tuq8z6gm.txt item: #423 of 647 id: cord-300815-1vy787md author: Fang, Li-Qun title: Travel-related infections in mainland China, 2014–16: an active surveillance study date: 2018-07-20 words: 3916 flesch: 39 summary: Lancet Public Health DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(18)30127-0 sha: doc_id: 300815 cord_uid: 1vy787md BACKGROUND: Transmission of infection through international travel is a growing health issue, and the frequency of imported infection is increasing in China. Our findings should increase public awareness of the potential risk of imported infections, and help health-care providers to make evidence-based health recommendations to travellers. keywords: cases; china; health; infections; mainland; surveillance; travellers; virus cache: cord-300815-1vy787md.txt plain text: cord-300815-1vy787md.txt item: #424 of 647 id: cord-300965-ivczo1a7 author: Brown, M. M. title: Don’t be the “Fifth Guy”: Risk, Responsibility, and the Rhetoric of Handwashing Campaigns date: 2017-08-29 words: 7429 flesch: 41 summary: Personal responsibility may be a cornerstone of public health, but hand hygiene promotion is an especially persuasive vehicle for popularizing an individualistic conception of infection risk. Even in developed countries, where the assumption of personal responsibility is less likely to be impeded by structural issues, hand hygiene promotion may nevertheless skew perceptions of contextual or social determinants of infection risk. keywords: ben; campaigns; guy; hand; hand hygiene; handwashing; health; hygiene; infection; infection risk; promotion; public; responsibility; rhetoric; risk cache: cord-300965-ivczo1a7.txt plain text: cord-300965-ivczo1a7.txt item: #425 of 647 id: cord-301225-h178zpb3 author: Gautret, Philippe title: Fever in Returned Travelers date: 2018-11-26 words: 6387 flesch: 41 summary: 5, 9, 10 While, overall, malaria is the most common specific infection causing systemic febrile illness, dengue fever, mononucleosis, rickettsial infections, and enteric fever are also important infections. For example, dengue fever typically has an incubation of 3-14 days. keywords: cases; cause; dengue; diagnosis; fever; findings; illness; infections; malaria; patients; rickettsial; study; travelers; typhoid cache: cord-301225-h178zpb3.txt plain text: cord-301225-h178zpb3.txt item: #426 of 647 id: cord-301276-eer1l8vg author: Sehrawat, Sharvan title: Opinion: Does the hygiene hypothesis apply to COVID-19 susceptibility? date: 2020-07-09 words: 1737 flesch: 30 summary: Although the efficiency of recording all cases of COVID-19 infection and its consequence varies markedly between different countries, gathering evidence supports the idea that the outcome of infection is more likely to be asymptomatic or mild in developing countries and rarely has lethal consequences. We advocate that approaches, which elevate innate immune functions, should be used to minimize the consequences of COVID-19 infection at least until effective vaccines and antiviral therapies are developed. keywords: consequences; covid-19; immunity; infection cache: cord-301276-eer1l8vg.txt plain text: cord-301276-eer1l8vg.txt item: #427 of 647 id: cord-301677-b6mnn27h author: Soleimanian, Saeede title: Harnessing Memory NK Cell to Protect Against COVID-19 date: 2020-08-20 words: 9758 flesch: 28 summary: In mice, it has been initially described that cytomegalovirus infection drives adaptive features of NK Cells with altered effector function, where NK cells bearing Ly49H receptors expanded and provided stronger responses after a secondary encounter with the virus. A subset of NK cells exhibits putatively increased effector functions against viruses following pathogen-specific and immunization. keywords: adaptive; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; et al; hcmv; human; immune; infection; killer; lung; memory; nk cells; patients; respiratory; responses; role; sars; virus cache: cord-301677-b6mnn27h.txt plain text: cord-301677-b6mnn27h.txt item: #428 of 647 id: cord-301904-mjfbvl5n author: Schultz-Cherry, S. title: Astroviruses date: 2014-11-28 words: 5498 flesch: 38 summary: Astrovirus infections are identified in up to 2% of asymptomatic Figure 2 Phylogenetic relationships between representative species and genotypes of the family Astroviridae. Immunodeficient individuals, particularly those that are HIV-positive, appear to be at an increased risk of astrovirus infection. keywords: astrovirus; capsid; cells; children; hastv; infection; protein; replication; species; studies; viruses cache: cord-301904-mjfbvl5n.txt plain text: cord-301904-mjfbvl5n.txt item: #429 of 647 id: cord-302056-wvf6cpib author: Benatia, D. title: Estimating COVID-19 Prevalence in the United States: A Sample Selection Model Approach date: 2020-04-30 words: 5019 flesch: 48 summary: key: cord-302056-wvf6cpib authors: Benatia, D.; Godefroy, R.; Lewis, J. title: Estimating COVID-19 Prevalence in the United States: A Sample Selection Model Approach date: 2020-04-30 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.20.20072942 sha: doc_id: 302056 cord_uid: wvf6cpib Background: Public health efforts to determine population infection rates from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been hampered by limitations in testing capabilities and the large shares of mild and asymptomatic cases. We developed a methodology that corrects observed positive test rates for non-random sampling to estimate population infection rates across U.S. states from March 31 to April 7. keywords: april; infection; license; population; preprint; prevalence; rates; testing cache: cord-302056-wvf6cpib.txt plain text: cord-302056-wvf6cpib.txt item: #430 of 647 id: cord-302247-moor7dfc author: Richards, James title: Feline Vaccination Guidelines date: 2001-05-31 words: 4811 flesch: 31 summary: IlFeLV testing is recommended before vaccination; infected cats do not derive any benefit from vaccination. The disease is self-limiting; however, infected cats may develop chronic oculonasal disease. keywords: age; cats; disease; feline; infection; kittens; use; vaccination; vaccines; virus cache: cord-302247-moor7dfc.txt plain text: cord-302247-moor7dfc.txt item: #431 of 647 id: cord-302277-c66xm2n4 author: Bakaletz, Lauren O. title: Developing animal models for polymicrobial diseases date: 2004 words: 10914 flesch: 22 summary: After inoculation with influenza virus, the rate of RDC migration to the draining peribronchial lymph nodes increased, but this only occurred during the first 24 hours after virus infection. Ontario group A streptococcal study group Risk factors for invasive group A streptococcal infections in children with varicella: a casecontrol study Invasive group A streptococcal infections in children with varicella in Southern California Presence of specific viruses in the middle ear fluids and respiratory secretions of young children with acute otitis media Adenovirus infection enhances in vitro adherence of Streptococcus pneumoniae Effect of adenovirus type 1 and influenza A virus on Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal colonization and otitis media in the chinchilla Reviews the evidence in support of the crucial role of a viral virulence factor in predisposing both the upper and lower respiratory tract to bacterial secondary infections Adenovirus serotype 1 does not act synergistically with Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis to induce otitis media in the chinchilla Comparison of alteration of cell surface carbohydrates of the chinchilla tubotympanum and colonial opacity phenotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae during experimental pneumococcal otitis media with or without an antecedent influenza A virus infection Effect of experimental influenza A virus infection on isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other aerobic bacteria from the oropharynges of allergic and nonallergic adult subjects Prevalence of various respiratory viruses in the middle ear during acute otitis media Infectious exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with respiratory viruses and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae Impaired innate host defense causes susceptibility to respiratory virus infections in cystic fibrosis Modulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa gene expression by host microflora through interspecies communication The herpesvirus-Porphyromonas gingivalis-periodontitis axis Herpesviral-bacterial interactions in aggressive periodontitis A mouse model of dual infection with influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae Lethal synergism between influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae: characterization of a mouse model and the role of plateletactivating factor receptor Role of neuraminidase in lethal synergism between influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae A model of meningococcal bacteremia after respiratory superinfection in influenza A virus-infected mice The chinchilla superinfection model developed in this study was the first animal model to demonstrate conclusively the important role of the upper respiratory tract viruses Eustachian tube histopathology during experimental influenza keywords: animal; bacterial; candida; disease; host; human; infection; mice; model; pathogenesis; pathogens; patients; periodontitis; polymicrobial; role; species; strains; study; virulence; virus; viruses cache: cord-302277-c66xm2n4.txt plain text: cord-302277-c66xm2n4.txt item: #432 of 647 id: cord-302379-jh6jxwyn author: Jevon, Phil title: Management of odontogenic infections and sepsis: an update date: 2020-09-25 words: 3426 flesch: 45 summary: A retrospective study of 110 patients Deep neck abscesseschanging trends Life-threatening oro-facial infections Peterson's principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery Deep space neck infection: principles of surgical management Prescribing in Dental Practice Increasing frequency and severity of odontogenic infection requiring hospital admission and surgical management Ludwig's angina Ludwig's angina Management of head and neck infections in the immunocompromised patient Organ reserve, excess metabolic capacity, and aging Influence of Aging and Environment on Presentation of Infection in Older Adults Criteria for admission of odontogenic infections at high risk of deep neck space infection Irrigating drains for severe odontogenic infections do not improve outcome Antibiotic selection in head and neck infections Pharmacology of Local Anaesthetics Used in Oral Surgery Is conservative treatment of deep neck space infections appropriate? Evaluation of bacterial spectrum of orofacial infections and their antibiotic susceptibility Severe odontogenic infections. 14 Relying on antibiotics only in relieving dental infection is likely to be less effective and can cause antimicrobial resistance. keywords: care; infection; management; patients; practice; sepsis; treatment cache: cord-302379-jh6jxwyn.txt plain text: cord-302379-jh6jxwyn.txt item: #433 of 647 id: cord-302403-kahi8cbc author: Miller, Robert F. title: Pulmonary Infections date: 2009-05-15 words: 18178 flesch: 41 summary: The course of HIV infection can be divided clinically into several distinct periods: Acquisition of the virus Seroconversion, with or without a clinical illness (primary HIV infection) Tuberculosis HIV infection is associated with at least a 40-fold increased risk of an individual having active tuberculosis develop compared with noninfected subjects. keywords: bacterial; bal; blood; cd4; cells; counts; diagnosis; disease; drug; haart; hiv; hiv infection; individuals; infection; patients; pcp; pneumonia; prophylaxis; pulmonary; risk; therapy; treatment; tuberculosis cache: cord-302403-kahi8cbc.txt plain text: cord-302403-kahi8cbc.txt item: #434 of 647 id: cord-302619-3hbbpmnt author: Strausbaugh, L. J. title: Emerging health care-associated infections in the geriatric population. date: 2001 words: 2638 flesch: 32 summary: Several factors specifically related to health care deserve attention in this regard. The role of lifestyle factors related to health care has received little attention, but one recent publication illustrates the potential problem. keywords: care; facilities; health; homes; infections; nursing; term cache: cord-302619-3hbbpmnt.txt plain text: cord-302619-3hbbpmnt.txt item: #435 of 647 id: cord-302833-6kntd89t author: Radonovich, Lewis J. title: The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT): a cluster-randomized comparison of respirator and medical mask effectiveness against respiratory infections in healthcare personnel date: 2016-06-02 words: 5093 flesch: 32 summary: key: cord-302833-6kntd89t authors: Radonovich, Lewis J.; Bessesen, Mary T.; Cummings, Derek A.; Eagan, Aaron; Gaydos, Charlotte; Gibert, Cynthia; Gorse, Geoffrey J.; Nyquist, Ann-Christine; Reich, Nicholas G.; Rodrigues-Barradas, Maria; Savor-Price, Connie; Shaffer, Ronald E.; Simberkoff, Michael S.; Perl, Trish M. title: The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT): a cluster-randomized comparison of respirator and medical mask effectiveness against respiratory infections in healthcare personnel date: 2016-06-02 journal: BMC Infect Dis DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1494-2 sha: doc_id: 302833 cord_uid: 6kntd89t BACKGROUND: Although N95 filtering facepiece respirators and medical masks are commonly used for protection against respiratory infections in healthcare settings, more clinical evidence is needed to understand the optimal settings and exposure circumstances for healthcare personnel to use these devices. keywords: healthcare; illness; infections; influenza; laboratory; masks; n95; participants; protection; respect; respirators; study; transmission cache: cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt plain text: cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt item: #436 of 647 id: cord-302918-0nk7zyod author: Broor, S. title: Human metapneumovirus: a new respiratory pathogen date: 2008-11-01 words: 6071 flesch: 33 summary: The clinical characteristics of hMPV infections are not distinctive, thus, differentiating it from other respiratory viruses on clinical grounds is not possible (Stockton et al 2002) . Hoarseness has also been observed more frequently in hMPV infection as compared to RSV (Falsey et al 2003) . keywords: children; den; et al; gene; hmpv; human; infection; metapneumovirus; protein; respiratory; rsv; tract cache: cord-302918-0nk7zyod.txt plain text: cord-302918-0nk7zyod.txt item: #437 of 647 id: cord-303054-s1clwunc author: Velly, Lionel title: Guidelines: Anaesthesia in the context of COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-06-05 words: 9243 flesch: 35 summary: A Narrative Review Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection: Proposal of conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019 Value of Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China Pediatric anesthetic implications of COVID-19-A review of current literature Pediatric Airway Management in COVID-19 patients -Consensus Guidelines from the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia's Pediatric Difficult Intubation Collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society Proposal for International Standardization of the Use of Lung Ultrasound for Patients With COVID-19: In addition, some peculiarities of COVID-19 patients (risk of drug interactions, worsening of the condition, etc.) are to be taken into account. keywords: anaesthesia; care; children; consultation; context; cov-2; covid-19; disease; health; infection; intervention; management; mask; pandemic; patient; procedure; risk; sars; surgery; type cache: cord-303054-s1clwunc.txt plain text: cord-303054-s1clwunc.txt item: #438 of 647 id: cord-303299-p15irs4e author: Dzien, Alexander title: Will the COVID-19 pandemic slow down in the Northern hemisphere by the onset of summer? An epidemiological hypothesis date: 2020-06-23 words: 1264 flesch: 44 summary: The colored lines plot the seasons in which previous pandemic respiratory infections have been recorded (02/03 SARS-CoV, purple line; 04/05 H5N1, green line; 09/10 pandemic flu, blue line) Novel coronavirus: where we are and what we know Successful containment of COVID-19: the WHO-Report on the COVID-19 outbreak in China Spatiotemporal circulation of influenza viruses in 5 African countries during 2008-2009: a collaborative study of the Institut Pasteur International Network Consecutive infections with influenza A and B virus in children during the 2014-2015 seasonal influenza epidemic Seasonality of respiratory viral infections Pandemic influenza control in Europe and the constraints resulting from incoherent public health laws SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia Epidemiologic characterization of the 1918 influenza pandemic summer wave in Copenhagen: implications for pandemic control strategies Acknowledgements Open access funding provided by University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck. keywords: covid-19; diseases; infections; pandemic cache: cord-303299-p15irs4e.txt plain text: cord-303299-p15irs4e.txt item: #439 of 647 id: cord-303320-3tjhisfg author: Petersen, Eskild title: Reflections on travel-associated infections in Europe date: 2015-01-31 words: 1968 flesch: 43 summary: [2] [3] [4] Travellers have shown these important roles in emerging infections such as SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), dengue virus infection, chikungunya infection, and currently Ebola virus disease, and also in antibiotic resistance. Understanding of the natural history of HPV infection in men has become increasingly important for policy as more countries consider and adopt sex-neutral HPV vaccination programmes. keywords: colleagues; data; hpv; infections; travel; travellers cache: cord-303320-3tjhisfg.txt plain text: cord-303320-3tjhisfg.txt item: #440 of 647 id: cord-303490-rixuuytu author: Pazos, Michael A. title: Estrogen Mediates Innate and Adaptive Immune Alterations to Influenza Infection in Pregnant Mice date: 2012-07-05 words: 6650 flesch: 40 summary: Vaccine Birth outcomes among women exposed to neuraminidase inhibitors during pregnancy Influenza virus infections in pregnant mice Influenza infections during pregnancy in the mouse Wild type and mutant 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses cause more severe disease and higher mortality in pregnant BALB/c mice Fatal outcome of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection is associated with immunopathology and impaired lung repair, not enhanced viral burden, in pregnant mice Estriol ameliorates autoimmune demyelinating disease: implications for multiple sclerosis Enhancement of collagen-induced arthritis in female mice by estrogen receptor blockage Maintained pregnancy levels of oestrogen afford complete protection from post-partum exacerbation of collagen-induced arthritis Treatment of multiple sclerosis with the pregnancy hormone estriol Cutting edge: stealth influenza virus replication precedes the initiation of adaptive immunity Effect of respiratory hospitalization during pregnancy on infant outcomes The complex role of estrogens in inflammation Sex hormones and the immune response in humans Immune modulation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with the pregnancy hormone estriol Estrogen inhibits dendritic cell maturation to RNA viruses Antiviral instruction of bone marrow leukocytes during respiratory viral infections Type I IFNs enhance the terminal differentiation of dendritic cells Selective contribution of IFN-alpha/beta signaling to the maturation of dendritic cells induced by double-stranded RNA or viral infection Influenza virus evades innate and adaptive immunity via the NS1 protein T cell responses during influenza infection: getting and keeping control The impact of sex, gender and pregnancy on 2009 H1N1 disease Elevated 17b-Estradiol Protects Females from Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis by Suppressing Inflammatory Responses Suppression of the inflammatory response in experimental arthritis is mediated via estrogen receptor a but not estrogen receptor b Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using estrogen receptor-selective ligands A question of selfpreservation: immunopathology in influenza virus infection The pathology of influenza virus infections Animal models of preterm birth Cachectin/ tumor necrosis factor-alpha formation in human decidua. Pregnancy has been an acknowledged risk factor for severe complications from influenza virus infection for nearly a century [15] , and has been observed during every major influenza pandemic including the pandemics of 1918 keywords: cd8; cells; cytokine; estrogen; figure; infection; influenza; levels; lung; mice; pregnancy; treatment; virus cache: cord-303490-rixuuytu.txt plain text: cord-303490-rixuuytu.txt item: #441 of 647 id: cord-303517-8971aq02 author: Cajamarca-Baron, Jairo title: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in Patients with some Degree of Immunosuppression date: 2020-10-16 words: 9107 flesch: 33 summary: In this review, we will focus on describing the literature on SARS-COV-2 infection in patients with some degree of immunosuppression, other than rheumatological diseases, among these, cancer patients, transplant recipients, primary immunodeficiency, and HIV patients. Therefore, special recommendations should be considered for these patients, such as postponing adjuvant chemotherapy or elective surgery in people with stable cancer, especially in endemic areas, adopting stricter personal protection measures for cancer patients or cancer survivors, and considering stricter surveillance or treatment when cancer patients are infected with SARS-CoV-2. keywords: cancer; cases; china; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immunosuppression; infection; management; patients; response; results; risk; sars; transplant; treatment; use cache: cord-303517-8971aq02.txt plain text: cord-303517-8971aq02.txt item: #442 of 647 id: cord-303741-1ou0cy5k author: Stafstrom, Carl E. title: COVID-19: Neurological Considerations in Neonates and Children date: 2020-09-10 words: 7042 flesch: 34 summary: The purpose of this review is twofold: (1) to discuss the available data about COVID-19 infections in neonates and children, and (2) to provide a perspective about potential neurologic involvement in neonates and children with COVID-19 infections, in view of neurobiological development. In the context of COVID-19 infection, the BBB may be dysfunctional, disrupted either by inflammatory response or the virus itself, allowing transmission of the virus or activated immune cells from the circulation into the CNS keywords: brain; children; cns; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; involvement; sars; symptoms; syndrome; virus cache: cord-303741-1ou0cy5k.txt plain text: cord-303741-1ou0cy5k.txt item: #443 of 647 id: cord-303966-z6u3d2ec author: Shears, P. title: Poverty and infection in the developing world: Healthcare-related infections and infection control in the tropics date: 2007-10-22 words: 3375 flesch: 34 summary: From the viewpoint of hospital infection control, the concern is how hospital and healthcarerelated infections affect poorer communities of the developing world, and what can be done to begin to make a contribution to reducing the associated morbidity and mortality. A visit to a sub-Saharan African country, where I had been looking at laboratory services and hospital infection control, left two particular memories. keywords: africa; control; development; health; healthcare; hospital; infection; patients; world cache: cord-303966-z6u3d2ec.txt plain text: cord-303966-z6u3d2ec.txt item: #444 of 647 id: cord-304088-xkg0ylz8 author: Zhu, Han title: Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with COVID-19: Consequences of Viral Toxicities and Host Immune Response date: 2020-04-21 words: 5545 flesch: 33 summary: The mechanism of cardiac injury is unclear but likely involves a combination of direct viral damage and immune-mediated damage by inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and cytotoxic immune cell response in the later stages of infection. In order to better understand the biology of viral immune response and how it impacts the heart, we explore here the basic biological mechanisms underlying viral entry into the host cells and the subsequent immune response. keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; injury; patients; protein; response; sars cache: cord-304088-xkg0ylz8.txt plain text: cord-304088-xkg0ylz8.txt item: #445 of 647 id: cord-304251-dohglrm1 author: Scully, C title: Emerging and changing viral diseases in the new millennium date: 2015-08-06 words: 6262 flesch: 37 summary: The majority of virus infections of the oral mucosa are due to the herpes group, which are DNA viruses. A critical review Human papillomavirus and survival of patients with oropharyngeal cancer Urban legends series: lichen planus Update on oral herpes virus infections Mucocutaneous manifestations of Chikungunya fever A family cluster of infections by a newly recognized bunyavirus in eastern China, 2007: further evidence of person-to-person transmission Global burden, distribution, and interventions for infectious diseases of poverty Standard infection control precautions HPV transmission in adolescent men who have sex with men Chikungunya: a re-emerging virus Global participation in core data sets for emerging pathogens Update on emerging infections: news from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. keywords: dengue; disease; enterovirus; et al; fever; herpes; hiv; hpv; infections; lesions; mumps; oral; syndrome; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-304251-dohglrm1.txt plain text: cord-304251-dohglrm1.txt item: #446 of 647 id: cord-304720-0lgup7yj author: Robbins, R.C. title: Swine Diseases and Disorders date: 2014-08-21 words: 12875 flesch: 41 summary: A postmortem examination, or necropsy, of affected pigs should occur last. Bacteriologic isolation of a β-hemolytic strain of E. coli from affected pigs with meningoencephalitis is not sufficient for a diagnosis. keywords: age; causes; control; diagnosis; diarrhea; disease; herd; infection; lesions; morbidity; mortality; pcr; piglets; pigs; porcine; prevention; production; result; signs; suis; swine; treatment; vaccination; vaccines; virus cache: cord-304720-0lgup7yj.txt plain text: cord-304720-0lgup7yj.txt item: #447 of 647 id: cord-305085-bv7udg9k author: Lawrence, Robert M. title: Chapter 13 Transmission of Infectious Diseases Through Breast Milk and Breastfeeding date: 2011-12-31 words: 45867 flesch: 41 summary: Experience from the Finnish HPV family study Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, including necrotizing fasciitis and myositis Late-onset septicemia in a Norwegian national cohort of extremely premature infants receiving very early full human milk feeding Hepatitis A outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit: Risk factors for transmission and evidence of prolonged viral excretion among preterm infants Characterization of a novel corona virus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Longitudinal analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in breast milk and of its relationship to infant infection and maternal disease Attempts to detect RNA tumour virus in human milk Is breast milk collected at home suitable for raw consumption by neonates in Brizilian public neonatal intensive care units? Prevalence of HIV-1 DNA and p24 antigen in breast milk and correlation with maternal factors Follow-up of transmission of hepatitis C to babies of human immunodeficiency virus-negative women: The role of breastfeeding in transmission Occurrence of acute diarrhea in atopic and nonatopic infants: role of prolonged breast-feeding An outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit Hospital transmission of community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among postpartum women Removal of inhibitors against RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity in human milk Effect of human milk on mouse mammary tumor virus Human papillomavirus DNA detected in breast milk Control of a cluster of a community-associated methicillin-resistant Stahpylococcus aureus in neonatology Immunoglobulin prophylaxis against milkborne transmission of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 in rabbits Chlamydial infections Pregnancy and pulmonary tuberculosis Possible breast milk transmission of group B streptococcal infection Evidence for transmission of lymphocyte responses to tuberculin by breast-feeding, Lancet I:529 Toxic shock syndrome Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA by PCR in the urine and breast milk of patients with Lyme borreliosis Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. One case of brucellosis in an infant caused by breast milk transmission, with B. melitensis isolated from the breast milk, before antibiotic treatment was given to the mother has been documented. keywords: age; antibodies; aureus; blood; breast milk; breastfed; breastfeeding; cases; children; cmv; contact; days; disease; dna; evidence; exposure; fever; group; hcv; hepatitis; hiv; hiv infection; hiv transmission; htlv; human; illness; infant transmission; infants; infection; maternal; months; mother; precautions; pregnancy; risk; specific; study; therapy; transmission; treatment; use; vaccine; virus; virus infection; virus transmission; weeks; west; women; years cache: cord-305085-bv7udg9k.txt plain text: cord-305085-bv7udg9k.txt item: #448 of 647 id: cord-305146-iprzeigk author: Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad title: Use of personal protective equipment to protect against respiratory infections in Pakistan: A systematic review date: 2020-03-04 words: 4247 flesch: 51 summary: We conducted a systematic review of studies on PPE use for respiratory infections in healthcare settings in Pakistan. The studies examined PPE use in hospital (n = 7), dental (n = 4) or laboratory (n = 2) settings. keywords: control; face; healthcare; infection; masks; ppe; studies; use cache: cord-305146-iprzeigk.txt plain text: cord-305146-iprzeigk.txt item: #449 of 647 id: cord-305207-fgvbrg8d author: Ohara, Hiroshi title: Fact-finding Survey of Nosocomial Infection Control in Hospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal—A Basis for Improvement date: 2013-06-29 words: 3393 flesch: 33 summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of nosocomial infection control in Kathmandu City, Nepal as a basis for the possible contribution to its improvement. Nine hospitals had manuals on nosocomial infection control, and seven had an infection control committee (ICC). keywords: control; countries; hospitals; infection; survey; training; tuth cache: cord-305207-fgvbrg8d.txt plain text: cord-305207-fgvbrg8d.txt item: #450 of 647 id: cord-305457-t7qw1oy2 author: Zhang, Youhong title: Baculovirus transit through insect cell membranes: A mechanistic approach date: 2020-09-21 words: 3858 flesch: 45 summary: The effect of cell cycle on GFPuv gene expression in the baculovirus expression system Insect cells-baculovirus system: Factors affecting growth and low MOI infection A model of the dynamics of insect cell infection at low multiplicity of infection Baculovirus-mediated gene transfer into mammalian cells Efficient gene transfer into human hepatocytes by baculovirus vectors Baculovirus as a tool for gene delivery and gene therapy, Viruses Baculovirus for gene delivery to mammalian cells: Past, present and future Baculovirus-mediated gene delivery and RNAi applications Thirty years of baculovirus-insect cell protein expression: from dark horse to mainstream technology Baculovirus entry and egress from insect cells Improving promiscuous mammalian cell entry by the baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus Functional analysis of the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus GP64 terminal fusion loops and interactions with membranes Baculovirus GP64-mediated entry into mammalian cells Functional entry of baculovirus into insect and mammalian cells is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis A mathematical model of the trafficking of acid-dependent enveloped viruses: Application to the binding, uptake, and nuclear accumulation of baculovirus Mathematical model of viral kinetics In vitro estimates the number of E2-CD81 complexes necessary for hepatitis C virus entry Quantification system for the viral dynamics of a highly pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus based on an in vitro experiment and a mathematical model Low multiplicity infection of insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus: The cell yield concept Analysis of baculovirus aggregates using flow cytometry Quantitation of baculovirus particles by flow cytometry Optimization of procedures for counting viruses by flow cytometry Flow cytometric detection of viruses The insect cell line used in this study was Sf9 (CCTCC-GDC0008 Note that the units of MOI used here are the ratio of viral particles to cells, as counted by a flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, TX), while, traditionally, it is measured as plaque-forming units (PFUs) per cell or as TCID50/cell. keywords: baculovirus; cells; expression; gene; infection; insect; model; time; virions cache: cord-305457-t7qw1oy2.txt plain text: cord-305457-t7qw1oy2.txt item: #451 of 647 id: cord-305890-mdwjrfzp author: Bönsch, Claudia title: Chloroquine and Its Derivatives Exacerbate B19V-Associated Anemia by Promoting Viral Replication date: 2010-04-27 words: 4130 flesch: 47 summary: The aims of this study were to assess the effect of CQ and other common antimalarial drugs on B19V infection in vitro and the possible epidemiological consequences for children from Papua New Guinea (PNG). CQ facilitates B19V infection by minimizing intracellular degradation of incoming particles. keywords: anemia; b19v; cells; children; drugs; infection; malaria; virus cache: cord-305890-mdwjrfzp.txt plain text: cord-305890-mdwjrfzp.txt item: #452 of 647 id: cord-306111-wn1gxhk9 author: Dommett, R. M. title: Mannose‐binding lectin in innate immunity: past, present and future date: 2006-09-01 words: 9072 flesch: 33 summary: Therapeutic potential of MBL MBL replacement was first attempted (without any knowledge of the deficiency) when fresh frozen plasma was given to patients and found to correct the opsonic defect (28, 29) . The mannose-binding protein A but not C is an acute phase reactant Structure of a C-type mannose-binding protein complexed with an oligosaccharide Human mannose-binding protein is identical to a component of Ra-reactive factor Association of mutations in mannose binding protein gene with childhood infection in consecutive hospital series Cutting edge: complementactivating complex of ficolin and mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease Mannose-binding lectin accelerates complement activation and increases serum killing of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C Activation of the lectin complement pathway by H-ficolin (Hakata antigen) Differential recognition of obligate anaerobic bacteria by human mannose-binding lectin Differential binding of mannose-binding lectin to respiratory pathogens in cystic fibrosis Human mannose-binding protein inhibits infection of HeLa cells by Chlamydia trachomatis Binding of mannan-binding protein to various bacterial pathogens of meningitis Interaction of human mannose-binding protein with Mycobacterium avium Interaction of mannose-binding lectin with primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 High mannose glycans and sialic acid on gp120 regulate binding of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) to HIV type 1 Mannose binding lectin (MBL) and HIV Mannan-binding protein and bovine conglutinin mediate enhancement of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice Mannan-binding lectin modulates the response to HSV-2 infection Mannose binding protein is involved in first-line host defence: evidence from transgenic mice Binding of host collectins to the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans: human surfactant protein D acts as an agglutinin for acapsular yeast cells Mannose-binding lectin is a component of innate mucosal defense against Cryptosporidium parvum in AIDS Recognition of plasmodium falciparum proteins by mannan-binding lectin, a component of the human innate immune system The major surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes are ligands of the human serum mannose-binding protein Novel MASP2 variants detected among North African and Sub-Saharan individuals Analysis of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genotype and the serum protein levels in the Korean population Association of mannose-binding lectin gene haplotype LXPA and LYPB with interferon-resistant hepatitis C virus infection in Japanese patients keywords: binding; complement; deficiency; gene; hiv; human; infection; lectin; levels; mannan; mannose; mbl; pathway; patients; protein; role; studies cache: cord-306111-wn1gxhk9.txt plain text: cord-306111-wn1gxhk9.txt item: #453 of 647 id: cord-306266-8qdrshz3 author: Scully, Crispian title: Respiratory medicine date: 2014-06-25 words: 13246 flesch: 40 summary: Respiratory infections must also be eradicated; sputum should first be sent for culture and sensitivity, but antimicrobials such as amoxicillin should be started without await ing results. Immunocompromised persons (e.g. those with human immunode ficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome [HIV/AIDS] and transplant recipients) and people with bronchiectasis or cystic fibrosis are also susceptible to respiratory infections by a range of opportun istic microbes. keywords: asthma; blood; cases; cause; chest; copd; cough; diagnosis; disease; drugs; dyspnoea; infection; influenza; lung; obstruction; oxygen; patients; people; pneumonia; pulmonary; result; risk; sputum; symptoms; syndrome; table; therapy; treatment; tuberculosis cache: cord-306266-8qdrshz3.txt plain text: cord-306266-8qdrshz3.txt item: #454 of 647 id: cord-306278-c4q4la5c author: Esposito, Susanna title: Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Respiratory Infections Due to Adenovirus in Children Living in Milan, Italy, during 2013 and 2014 date: 2016-04-05 words: 4662 flesch: 43 summary: Overall, little data on HAdV circulation have been collected in Europe and no recent data regarding the epidemiology, molecular characterization, and clinical features of respiratory HAdV infections in children have been collected in Italy. [22, 23] , where this virus was the predominant type for respiratory HAdV infection from 1981 to 2002. keywords: adenovirus; cases; children; hadv; infection; load; pcr; species; study; time cache: cord-306278-c4q4la5c.txt plain text: cord-306278-c4q4la5c.txt item: #455 of 647 id: cord-307016-4hdsb5oq author: Allen, Upton title: Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Complications After Solid Organ Transplantation in Children date: 2010-04-30 words: 6747 flesch: 28 summary: The diagnosis of CMV infection and disease in organ transplant recipients can be affected by the variable lack of sensitivity and/or specificity of different diagnostic tests. Valganciclovir dosing according to body surface area and renal function in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients Epstein-Barr virus infections Epstein-Barr virus-associated multifocal leiomyosarcomas arising in a cardiac transplant recipient: autopsy case report and review of the literature Management of Epstein-Barr virus-induced posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in recipients of solid organ transplantation New developments in the diagnosis and management of posttransplantation lympholiferative disorders in solid organ transplant recipients Adenoviral infections in pediatric transplant recipients: a hospital-based study Adenovirus infections Adenoviral infections and a prospective trial of cidofovir in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Sustained BK viruria as an early marker for the development of BKV-associated nephropathy: analysis of 4128 urine and serum samples Quantitative viral load monitoring and cidofovir therapy for the management of BK virus-associated nephropathy in children and adults Varicella Zoster infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a hospital-based retrospective study Varicella zoster virus Sustainability of humoral responses to varicella vaccine in pediatric transplant recipients following a pre-transplantation immunization strategy Varicella-zoster infections Respiratory syncytial virus infections in pediatric liver transplant recipients Parainfluenza and influenza virus infections in pediatric organ transplant recipients keywords: cmv; disease; infection; organ; patients; pediatric; recipients; risk; transplant; transplant recipients; transplantation; treatment; virus cache: cord-307016-4hdsb5oq.txt plain text: cord-307016-4hdsb5oq.txt item: #456 of 647 id: cord-307144-g8d1xkub author: Monaghan, N. P. title: Emerging infections – implications for dental care date: 2016-07-08 words: 2425 flesch: 55 summary: Public health organisations should consider appointing someone with responsibility for emerging infections and dentistry with strong links to both health protection colleagues responsible for emerging infection responses and dental professionals. Br Dent J DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2016.486 sha: doc_id: 307144 cord_uid: g8d1xkub Over the last 20 years the majority of emerging infections which have spread rapidly across the globe have been respiratory infections that are spread via droplets, a trend which is likely to continue. keywords: care; infections; influenza; spread; transmission; virus cache: cord-307144-g8d1xkub.txt plain text: cord-307144-g8d1xkub.txt item: #457 of 647 id: cord-307813-elom30nx author: Yip, Tsz-Fung title: Advancements in Host-Based Interventions for Influenza Treatment date: 2018-07-10 words: 15110 flesch: 27 summary: Life-threatening influenza and impaired interferon amplification in human IRF7 deficiency Disease-promoting effects of type I interferons in viral, bacterial, and coinfections Protection from lethal influenza virus challenge by oral type 1 interferon Low-dose oral interferon alpha as prophylaxis against viral respiratory illness: a double-blind, parallel controlled trial during an influenza pandemic year IFNlambda is a potent anti-influenza therapeutic without the inflammatory side effects of IFNalpha treatment Pathogenic potential of interferon alphabeta in acute influenza infection The superiority of IFN-lambda as a therapeutic candidate to control acute influenza viral lung infection Type I interferon induction during influenza virus infection increases susceptibility to secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by negative regulation of gammadelta T cells Interferon-lambda mediates non-redundant front-line antiviral protection against influenza virus infection without compromising host fitness RIG-I activation protects and rescues from lethal influenza virus infection and bacterial superinfection Antiviral effect of a selective COX-2 inhibitor on H5N1 infection in vitro Avian influenza A H7N9 virus induces severe pneumonia in mice without prior adaptation and responds to a combination of zanamivir and COX-2 inhibitor Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in H5N1 viral pathogenesis and the potential use of its inhibitors Targeted prostaglandin E2 inhibition enhances antiviral immunity through induction of type I interferon and apoptosis in macrophages Modified Jiu Wei Qiang Huo decoction improves dysfunctional metabolomics in influenza A pneumoniainfected mice Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation Cutting edge: There is an urgent need to search for alternative targets to treat influenza virus infections, including non-viral targets such as host cellular factors; which are promising as viruses rely on the host machinery for replication. keywords: addition; antiviral; cells; complex; drug; export; host; human; iav; immune; infected; infection; influenza; inhibitor; lung; membrane; mice; nuclear; production; protein; replication; role; treatment; type; viral; virus; viruses; vitro; vrnp cache: cord-307813-elom30nx.txt plain text: cord-307813-elom30nx.txt item: #458 of 647 id: cord-307899-427a7i3h author: BITTLE, JAMES L. title: Vaccines Produced by Conventional Means to Control Major Infectious Diseases of Man and Animals date: 1989-12-31 words: 17484 flesch: 47 summary: This stems from concern over possible persistence and oncogenicity of vaccine viruses. A large number of different attenuated live-virus HC vaccines with different characteristics have been used over the years, but residual pathogenicity, shedding, and spread of vaccine viruses have remained problems. keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; bacterium; bovine; canine; cattle; cause; cell; control; culture; disease; dogs; et al; formalin; humans; immunity; immunization; infection; live; man; protection; species; strain; swine; type; vaccine; virus; virus vaccines; viruses cache: cord-307899-427a7i3h.txt plain text: cord-307899-427a7i3h.txt item: #459 of 647 id: cord-308184-w8ewm8ve author: Sarzi-Puttini, Piercarlo title: How to handle patients with autoimmune rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases in the COVID-19 era: An expert opinion date: 2020-05-05 words: 3437 flesch: 32 summary: Although the available data do not suggest that there is a specific risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and morbidity in IBD patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, it is known that opportunistic infections have deleterious effects on such patients, which suggests that the risks and benefits of the treatment should be balanced before continuing its administration. However, to the best of our knowledge, the only data concerning the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in IBD patients come from just one study [19] , and there are no data concerning the risk in rheumatic patients. keywords: covid-19; diseases; drugs; ibd; infection; patients; risk; treatment cache: cord-308184-w8ewm8ve.txt plain text: cord-308184-w8ewm8ve.txt item: #460 of 647 id: cord-308201-lavcsqov author: Desforges, Marc title: Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? date: 2019-12-20 words: 8478 flesch: 27 summary: These criteria certainly represent a pertinent tool to evaluate the involvement of human respiratory viruses as a factor that could influence long-term human neurological diseases. Nevertheless, our data suggest that HCoV-OC43 may also invade the CNS from the external environment through other pathways involving other cranial peripheral nerves [269] , reminiscent of what was shown for other human respiratory viruses such as RSV and influenza virus [8] . keywords: acute; cns; coronavirus; diseases; encephalitis; hcov; human; infection; influenza; mice; oc43; patients; respiratory; syndrome; system; term; tract; viruses cache: cord-308201-lavcsqov.txt plain text: cord-308201-lavcsqov.txt item: #461 of 647 id: cord-308816-nux087gc author: de Graaf, Dirk C title: A review of the importance of cryptosporidiosis in farm animals date: 2000-01-10 words: 8216 flesch: 39 summary: (Apicmplexa Cryptosporidiidae) infecting chickens Morphometric comparison of the oocysts of Cryptosporidium meleagridis and Cryptosporidium baileyi from birds Intestinal cryptosporidiosis and reovirus isolation from bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) with enteritis Experimental reproduction of entiritis in bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) with Cryptosporidium and reovirus Host speci®city studies and oocyst description of a Cryptosporidium sp. isolated from ostriches Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis in man and animals Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis Intestinal and bursal cryptosporiosis in turkeys following inoculation with Cryptosporidium sp. isolated from commercial poults Diarrhea associated with intestinal crypotosporidiosis in turkeys Experimental Cryptosporidium infections in chickens: oocyst structure and tissue speci®city Experimental cryptosporidiosis in broiler chickens Experimental induced infections in turkeys with Cryptosporidium baileyi isolated from chickens Experimental infections in domestic ducks with Cryptosporidium baileyi isolated from chickens Cryptosporidiosis in birds Fatal cryptosporidiosis in quail Cryptosporidial infection in chickens Respiratory cryptosporidiosis in chicken Development of an serologic evaluation of acquired immunity to Cryptosporidium baileyi by broiler chickens Eect of broiler chicken age on susceptibility to experimentally induced Cryptosporidium baileyi infection Variations in oocyst output associated with Cryptosporidium baileyi infections in chickens Age-dependent resistance to Cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens Eect on Cryptosporidium baileyi on broilers infected at 26 days of age Cryptosporidium sp. and cryptosporidiosis Histologic incidence and distribution of Cryptosporidium sp. infection in chickens: 68 cases in 1986 Diseases of poultry Cryptosporidiosis in birdsÐa review Infection naturelle de Cryptosporidium sp. chez le poulet de chair au Maroc Prevalence of Cryptosporidium antibodies in 10 animal species Cryptosporidiosis of the bursa of Fabricius and trachea in broilers Cryptosporidia in the bursa of FabriciusÐa correlation with mortality rates in broiler chickens Serologic incidence of Cryptosporidium in Delmarva broiler ocks Cryptosporidial infection in broiler chikens in Greece Cryptosporidia-positive rates of avian necropsy accessions determined by examination of auramine O-stained fecal smears Subclinical cryptosporidiosis of turkeys in Iowa In: 4e mes journe es de la recherche cunicole en France Ecacite du lactate d'halofuginone dans le traitement de la cryptosporidiose chez l'agneau The eect of halofuginone lactate on experimental Cryptosporidium parvum infections in calves Speci®c serum and local antibody responses against Cryptosporidium parvum during medication of calves with halofuginone lactate Paromomycin is eective as prophylaxis for cryptosporidiosis in dairy calves Chemoprophylaxis of Cryptosporidium parvum infection with paromomycin in kids and immunological study The eect of varying levels D. ECCOX 1 on experimental Cryptosporidia infections in Holstein bull calves Evaluation of decoquinate to treat experimental cryptosporidiosis in kids Assessment of maternal immunity to Cryptosporidium baileyi in chickens Eect of colostral antibody on susceptibility of calves to Cryptosporidium parvum infection Ecacy of hyperimmune bovine colostrum for prophylaxis of cryptosporidiosis in neonatal calves Treatment of experimental ovine crytosporidiosis with ovine or bovine hyperimmune colostrum Speculation on whether a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis is a reality or fantasy keywords: age; animals; baileyi; calves; chickens; cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; days; diarrhoea; disease; infection; kids; lambs; neonatal; oocysts; parvum; prevalence cache: cord-308816-nux087gc.txt plain text: cord-308816-nux087gc.txt item: #462 of 647 id: cord-309138-44qpk2vf author: Khanna, Kanika title: Herbal Immune-boosters: Substantial Warriors of Pandemic Covid-19 Battle date: 2020-10-03 words: 6407 flesch: 25 summary: Part I: Chemical diversity, impacts on plant biology and human health Antivirals against animal viruses Medicinal plants of Tamil Nadu (Southern India) are a rich source of antiviral activities Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread Effect of Nilavembu kudineer in the Prevention and Management of COVID-19 by inhibiting ACE2 Receptor Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus The laboratory tests and host immunity of COVID-19 patients with different severity of illness Search of Preventative Strategies: Novel Anti-Inflammatory High-CBD Cannabis Sativa Extracts Modulate ACE2 Expression in COVID-19 Gateway Tissues Anti-influenza agents from plants and traditional Chinese medicine Adaptogens: Herbs for Strength. World Health Organization WHO guidelines on safety monitoring of herbal medicines in pharmacovigilance systems Evidence for Gastrointestinal Infection of SARS-CoV-2 Downregulation of Rac1 activation by caffeic acid in aortic smooth muscle cells Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients infected with 2019-new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a review and perspective Herbs for Viral Respiratory Infections Herbal extracts as antiviral agents Water extract of licorice had anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13 The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products COVID-19: keywords: activity; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; et al; human; immune; infection; influenza; medicinal; novel; pak1; patients; plants; potential; sars; transmission cache: cord-309138-44qpk2vf.txt plain text: cord-309138-44qpk2vf.txt item: #463 of 647 id: cord-309274-2npxrrhr author: Lee, M.K. title: Prevalence of hospital infection and antibiotic use at a University Medical Center in Hong Kong date: 2007-02-02 words: 2544 flesch: 39 summary: Prevalence of nosocomial infections in France: results of nationwide survey in 1996 National Nosocomial Infection Study Site Definition Manual Inter-hospital differences in nosocomial infection rates: importance of casemix adjustment Experience with two validation methods in a prevalence survey on nosocomial infections Prevalence of nosocomial infections in representative German hospitals Prevalence of nosocomial infections in Italy: result from the Lombardy Survey in 2000 National Prevalence Survey on Hospital Infection in Norway A one-day prevalence survey of hospital acquired infections in Lebanon Prevalence of nosocomial infections in Spain: EPINE study 1990e1997 Prevalence of hospital infection at the Prince of Wales Hospital A three-year survey of nosocomial and community-acquired infections, antibiotic treatment and re-hospitalization in a Norwegian health region Hospital-acquired infections in Italy: a region wide prevalence study Prevalence of hospital-acquired infection in a Lithuanian hospital Prevalence of nosocomial infection and antibiotic use at a university medical center in Malaysia Surveillance in infection control: are we making progress? Prevalence of hospitalacquired infection in a Tunisian hospital Antibiotic guidelines and optimization programme Optimising antimicrobial prescription in hospitals by introducing an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Hong Kong: consensus statement We are grateful to the nursing staff of the PWH, and especially to our microbiologists and ICNs, who assisted in the surveys. key: cord-309274-2npxrrhr authors: Lee, M.K.; Chiu, C.S.; Chow, V.C.; Lam, R.K.; Lai, R.W. title: Prevalence of hospital infection and antibiotic use at a University Medical Center in Hong Kong date: 2007-02-02 journal: J Hosp Infect DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2006.12.013 sha: doc_id: 309274 cord_uid: 2npxrrhr Hospital infection prevalence surveys were performed in our 1400-bed University medical centre in Hong Kong from 1985 to 1988. keywords: control; hospital; infection; patients; prevalence; rate cache: cord-309274-2npxrrhr.txt plain text: cord-309274-2npxrrhr.txt item: #464 of 647 id: cord-309478-yhmgopmr author: Jin, Ying-Hui title: Perceived infection transmission routes, infection control practices, psychosocial changes, and management of COVID-19 infected healthcare workers in a tertiary acute care hospital in Wuhan: a cross-sectional survey date: 2020-05-11 words: 4565 flesch: 45 summary: Hence, this study aims to explore perceived infection routes, influencing factors, psychosocial changes, and management procedures for COVID-19 infected healthcare workers. key: cord-309478-yhmgopmr authors: Jin, Ying-Hui; Huang, Qiao; Wang, Yun-Yun; Zeng, Xian-Tao; Luo, Li-Sha; Pan, Zhen-Yu; Yuan, Yu-Feng; Chen, Zhi-Min; Cheng, Zhen-Shun; Huang, Xing; Wang, Na; Li, Bing-Hui; Zi, Hao; Zhao, Ming-Juan; Ma, Lin-Lu; Deng, Tong; Wang, Ying; Wang, Xing-Huan title: Perceived infection transmission routes, infection control practices, psychosocial changes, and management of COVID-19 infected healthcare workers in a tertiary acute care hospital in Wuhan: a cross-sectional survey date: 2020-05-11 journal: keywords: cases; covid-19; equipment; healthcare; hospital; infection; patients; staff; study; workers cache: cord-309478-yhmgopmr.txt plain text: cord-309478-yhmgopmr.txt item: #465 of 647 id: cord-309488-8guapzke author: Dodd, R. title: Other emerging viral pathogens date: 2006-08-15 words: 4368 flesch: 45 summary: Rabies virus infection is not thought to result in viraemia and it was considered likely that the transmission resulted from infection of, and via the sympathetic innervation of the transplanted organs. After the recognition of TTV, the search for hepatitis viruses continued, and Primi and colleagues keywords: blood; disease; hepatitis; infection; transfusion; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-309488-8guapzke.txt plain text: cord-309488-8guapzke.txt item: #466 of 647 id: cord-309642-wwaa6ls0 author: Potgieter, Leon N.D. title: Pathogenesis of Viral Infections date: 1986-11-30 words: 10859 flesch: 33 summary: The respiratory tract is a very common site at which virus infections are initiated, usually as the result of airborne infections. The inert superficial protective layers of the intact skin usually are impervious to virus infection. keywords: antibody; cells; disease; dna; host; immune; infection; injury; macrophages; mechanisms; oncogene; pathogenesis; receptors; replication; result; surface; tract; transformation; virus; viruses cache: cord-309642-wwaa6ls0.txt plain text: cord-309642-wwaa6ls0.txt item: #467 of 647 id: cord-310042-9z8rkzq8 author: Aysha, Al‐Ani title: Practical management of inflammatory bowel disease patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic: expert commentary from the Gastroenterological Society of Australia Inflammatory Bowel Disease faculty date: 2020-07-12 words: 3473 flesch: 37 summary: A significant proportion of IBD patients are treated with long-term immunomodulator/immunosuppressive therapy which potentially places them at increased risk of infections and associated complications. Despite concerns regarding immunosuppression and consequent predisposition to infection, there is no evidence to suggest increased infection rates of COVID-19 in IBD patients to date. keywords: cov-2; covid-19; disease; ibd; infection; patients; risk; sars; symptoms cache: cord-310042-9z8rkzq8.txt plain text: cord-310042-9z8rkzq8.txt item: #468 of 647 id: cord-310055-9qj8d2f7 author: Gerace, Elisabetta title: Cryptosporidium Infection: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Differential Diagnosis date: 2019-10-22 words: 3103 flesch: 29 summary: key: cord-310055-9qj8d2f7 authors: Gerace, Elisabetta; Lo Presti, Vincenzo Di Marco; Biondo, Carmelo title: Cryptosporidium Infection: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Differential Diagnosis date: 2019-10-22 journal: Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) DOI: 10.1556/1886.2019.00019 sha: doc_id: 310055 cord_uid: 9qj8d2f7 Cryptosporidium is a protozoan that infects a wide variety of vertebrates, including humans, causing acute gastroenteritis. Here, we summarized the general aspects of Cryptosporidium infection focusing on available diagnostic tools used for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis. keywords: cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; detection; humans; infection; oocysts; parasite; species cache: cord-310055-9qj8d2f7.txt plain text: cord-310055-9qj8d2f7.txt item: #469 of 647 id: cord-310205-j57x9ke6 author: Alcaide, Maria L. title: Pharyngitis and Epiglottitis date: 2007-06-08 words: 7569 flesch: 39 summary: The role of streptococcus in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever Rapid diagnosis of pharyngitis caused by group A streptococci Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis Management of acute pharyngitis in adults: reliability of rapid streptococcal tests and clinical findings Treatment failures and carriers: perception or problems? Antibiotics for sore throat Are cephalosporins superior to penicillin for treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis? Principles of appropriate antibiotic use of acute pharyngitis in adults Antibiotic treatment of children with sore throat Antibiotic treatment of adults with sore throat by community primary care physicians: a national survey Clinical significance and pathogenesis of viral respiratory infections A collaborative study of the aetiology of acute respiratory infection in Britain 1961-4. keywords: acute; adults; cases; children; disease; fever; gas; group; infection; patients; pharyngitis; streptococcal; therapy; throat; treatment cache: cord-310205-j57x9ke6.txt plain text: cord-310205-j57x9ke6.txt item: #470 of 647 id: cord-310239-mmvuij3k author: Arentz, Susan title: Clinical significance summary: Preliminary results of a rapid review of zinc for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and other acute viral respiratory infections date: 2020-08-01 words: 3943 flesch: 38 summary: Alternative therapies in health and medicine European Commission Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General: Scientific Committee on Food Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting National risk of zinc deficiency as estimated by national surveys Use of national food balance data to estimate the adequacy of zinc in national food supplies: methodology and regional estimates Indicators of zinc status at the population level: a review of the evidence Zinc: the missing link in combating micronutrient malnutrition in developing countries Assessing zinc in humans. Mineral intakes of elderly adult supplement and nonsupplement users in the third national health and nutrition examination survey Rink L: Correlation between zinc status and immune function in the elderly Prevalence of zinc deficiency and its clinical relevance among hospitalised elderly. keywords: cov-2; deficiency; duration; infections; prevention; review; sars; status; treatment; zinc cache: cord-310239-mmvuij3k.txt plain text: cord-310239-mmvuij3k.txt item: #471 of 647 id: cord-310371-pylrg91h author: Bishop, R.F. title: Enteric Viruses date: 2008-07-30 words: 4469 flesch: 38 summary: The recent demonstration that human noroviruses can infect and replicate in a three-dimensional cell culture model of human intestinal epithelium, should improve our understanding of the pathogenesis, and antigenic diversity of this important group of enteric viruses. key: cord-310371-pylrg91h authors: Bishop, R.F.; Kirkwood, C.D. title: Enteric Viruses date: 2008-07-30 journal: Encyclopedia of Virology DOI: 10.1016/b978-012374410-4.00386-1 sha: doc_id: 310371 cord_uid: pylrg91h Many viruses use the enteric tract as a route of entry to the human, animal, or avian host. keywords: caliciviruses; cause; children; diarrhea; disease; enteric; gastroenteritis; human; infection; rotavirus; viruses cache: cord-310371-pylrg91h.txt plain text: cord-310371-pylrg91h.txt item: #472 of 647 id: cord-310840-h49dx92d author: Eslamy, Hedieh K. title: Pneumonia in Normal and Immunocompromised Children: An Overview and Update date: 2011-09-30 words: 8285 flesch: 29 summary: CT is often used to further evaluate: (1) suppurative lung complications and to differentiate these from parapneumonic effusion/empyema; (2) patients with recurrent or chronic pneumonia and concern for an underlying lesion; and (3) immunocompromised children with noncontributory or confusing chest radiographs and clinical findings that could be secondary to lung infection. 12 Peltola and colleagues 13 recently published their experience with MR imaging of lung infections in children using free-breathing T2-weighted, short tau inversion recovery, and T1-weighted with fat saturation precontrast and postcontrast sequences. keywords: acute; aspiration; chest; children; chronic; disease; fig; findings; imaging; infection; lung; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; radiographs cache: cord-310840-h49dx92d.txt plain text: cord-310840-h49dx92d.txt item: #473 of 647 id: cord-310942-191m0e65 author: Boga, Jose Antonio title: Beneficial actions of melatonin in the management of viral infections: a new use for this “molecular handyman”? date: 2012-04-18 words: 7229 flesch: 26 summary: A second mechanism is the triggering of effector functions of cellular components of the innate immune system, such as granulocytes, natural killer cells (NK) and natural killer T cells (NKT cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells, which are normally rapidly recruited and/or activated at the site of virus infection, causing a local inflammation [125] . Transactions of the The biological properties of interleukin-1 Resistance of interleukin-1 beta-deficient mice to fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis Thermal and behavioural effects of lipopolysaccharide and influenza in interleukin-1 beta deficient mice Vaccinia and cowpox viruses encode a novel secreted interleukin-1-binding protein Arachidonic acid lipoxygenation may mediate interleukin-1 stimulation of nerve growth factor secretion in astroglial cultures Modulation by tumor necrosis factor-a of human astroglial cell production of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) Cytokine-regulated adhesion between encephalitogenic T lymphocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells A novel role for melatonin: regulation of the expression of cell adhesion molecules in the rat hippocampus and cortex Recognition of doublestranded RNA and activation of NF-jB by Toll-like receptor 3 Identification of NF-kappaB-dependent gene networks in respiratory syncytial virusinfected cells Melatonin decreases TLR3-mediated inflammatory factor expression via inhibition of NFkappa B activation in respiratory syncytial virus-infected RAW264.7 macrophages Role of virus-induced apoptosis in a host defense mechanism against virus infection Enter the kill zone: initiation of death signaling during virus entry Melatonin and cell death: differential actions on apoptosis in normal and cancer cells Melatonin prevents capacitation and apoptotic-like changes in ram spermatozoa and increases fertility Melatonin leucocyte apoptosis induced by intracellular calcium overload: relation with its antioxidant actions Melatonin promotes puromycin-induced apoptosis with activation of caspase-3 and 5 1 -adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase-alpha in human leukemia HL-60 cells Programmed cell death in the pathogenesis of rabbit hemorrhagic disease Melatonin attenuates apoptotic liver damage in fulminant hepatic failure induced by the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus Autophagy during common bacterial and viral infections of children Varicella-zoster virus infection induces autophagy in both cultured cells and human skin vesicles Autophagy proteins promote hepatitis C virus replication Structural and functional analysis of virus factories purified from Rabbit vesivirus-infected Vero cells Remodeling the endoplasmic reticulum by poliovirus infection and by individual viral proteins: an autophagy-like origin for virus-induced vesicles Melatonin modulates autophagy through a redox-mediated action in female Syrian hamster Harderian gland controlling cell types and gland activity Regression of herpes viral infection symptoms using melatonin and SB-73: comparison with Pineal melatonin: cell biology of its synthesis and of its physiological interactions Melatonin: a multitasking molecule A survey of molecular details in the human pineal gland in the light of phylogeny, structure, function and chronobiological diseases Sirtuins, melatonin and circadian rhythms: building a bridge between aging and cancer Melatonin, cardiolipin and mitochondrial bioenergetics in health and disease Melatonin as a therapeutic tool in ophthalmology: implications for glaucoma and uveitis Drug-mediated ototoxicity and tinnitus: alleviation with melatonin Matrix metalloproteinases in health and disease: regulation by melatonin The authors have no competing interest. keywords: antioxidant; cells; damage; disease; effects; expression; factor; human; infection; melatonin; mice; nitric; oxidative; oxide; production; role; treatment; virus cache: cord-310942-191m0e65.txt plain text: cord-310942-191m0e65.txt item: #474 of 647 id: cord-311908-sgdq6j6x author: Atkins, G. J. title: Transient virus infection and multiple sclerosis date: 2000-09-28 words: 6187 flesch: 34 summary: Evidence for the involvement of virus infection in MS also comes from several animal diseases in which persistent virus infection gives rise to demyelination [10,11,22±24] . A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study Clinical viral infections and multiple sclerosis Effects of in¯uenza vaccination and in¯uenza illness on exacerbations in multiple sclerosis Analysis of the molecular basis of neuropathogenesis of RNA viruses in experimental animals: relevance for human disease? Persistent infection with Theiler's virus leads to CNS autoimmunity via epitope spreading Adoptive transfer of EAE-like lesions from rats with coronavirus-induced demyelinating encephalomyelitis Primarily chronic progressive and relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis: two immunologically distinct entities Neuropathology in multiple sclerosis: new concepts Distinct patterns of multiple sclerosis pathology indicates heterogeneity in pathogenesis Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: The antigen speci®city of T lymphocytes determines the topography of lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system Augmentation of demyelination in rat acute allergic encephalomyelitis by circulating mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against a myelin/ oligodendrocyte glycoprotein Anti-myelin antibodies modulate experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Biozzi ABH mice Identi®cation of auto-antibodies associated with myelin damage in multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis: a coordinated immunological attack against myelin in the central nervous system Functional evidence for epitope spreading in the relapsing pathology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Adoptive transfer of EAE-like lesions from rats with coronavirus-induced demyelinating encephalomyelitis Characterization of measles virus-induced autoimmune reactions against myelin basic protein in Lewis rats Induction of autoimmune reactions to myelin basic protein in measles virus encephalitis in Lewis rats Synergistic interaction between measles virus infection and myelin basic protein peptide-speci®c T cells in the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats The balance between persistent virus infection and immune cells determines demyelination Semliki Forest virus infection of mice: a model for the genetic and molecular analysis of viral pathogenicity The molecular pathogenesis of Semliki Forest virus: a model virus made useful Immune responses, and autoimmune outcome, during virus infection of the central nervous system Predisposition to EAE induction in resistant mice by prior infection with Semliki Forest virus Production and role of cytokines in the CNS of mice with acute viral encephalomyelitis Molecular mimicry between a viral peptide and a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide induces autoimmune demyelinating disease in mice Long-term effects of Semliki Forest virus infection in the mouse central nervous system Multiplication of virulent and demyelinating Semliki Forest virus in the mouse central nervous systemÐconsequences in BALB/c and SJL mice Effect of viral infection on experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in mice Facilitation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by irradiation and virus infection: role of in¯ammatory cells In vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells prevents lesions of demyelination in Semliki Forest virus infection Role of immune responses in protection and pathogenesis during SFV infection Characterization of the cellular and cytokine response in the central nervous system following Semliki Forest virus infection Long-term persistence of activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes after viral infection of the central nervous system Focal brain damage enhances experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in brain and spinal cord Examination of eight cases of multiple sclerosis and 56 neurological and non-neurological controls for genome sequences of measles virus, canine distemper virus, simian virus 5 and rubella virus Failure to detect measles virus RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in peripheral blood leucocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis Absence of measles, mumps and rubella viral gene sequences from multiple sclerosis brain tissue by polymerase chain reaction Increased risk of multiple sclerosis after late Epstein-Barr virus infection: a historical prospective study B-cell responses to myelin basic protein and its epitopes in autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by Semple rabies vaccine A multicenter, randomized, doubleblind placebo-controlled trial of in¯uenza immunization in multiple sclerosis Sequence homology between certain viral proteins and proteins related to encephalomyelitis and neuritis Molecular mimicry in T-cell mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T cell clones speci®c for myelin basic protein Amino acid homology between the encephalitogenic site of myelin basic protein and virus: mechanism for autoimmunity Multiple sclerosis and molecular mimicry Autoimmunity caused by host cell protein-containing viruses Breakdown of the blood±brain barrier precedes symptoms and other MRI signs of new lesions in multiple sclerosis Viral infection at the blood±brain barrier in multiple sclerosis:Ðan ultrastructural study of tissues from a UK regional brain bank Induction of relapsing paralysis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by bacterial superantigen Reverse transcriptase-dependent and -independent phases of infection with mouse mammary tumor virus: implications for superantigen function The signi®cance of measles virus antigen and genome distribution in the CNS in SSPE for mechanisms of viral spread and demyelination Polyomavirus models of brain infection and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis Semliki Forest virus neurovirulence mutants have altered cytopathogenicity for central nervous system cells Oligodendrocyte infection and demyelination produced in mice by the M9 mutant of Semliki Forest virus Pathogenicity of Semliki Forest virus for the rat central nervous system and primary rat neural cell culturesÐ possible implications for the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis Death mechanisms in cultured cells infected by Semliki Forest virus Morphology of oligodendrocytes during demyelination in optic nerves of mice infected with Semliki Forest virus Antibody response to rubella virus structural proteins in multiple sclerosis Multiplication of rubella and measles viruses in primary rat neural cell cultures: relevance to a postulated triggering mechanism for multiple sclerosis Oligodendroglial degeneration in distemper: apoptosis or necrosis? keywords: cns; demyelination; disease; infection; measles; myelin; sclerosis; virus; viruses cache: cord-311908-sgdq6j6x.txt plain text: cord-311908-sgdq6j6x.txt item: #475 of 647 id: cord-312197-d5d8amk7 author: Edmond, Karen title: New Approaches to Preventing, Diagnosing, and Treating Neonatal Sepsis date: 2010-03-09 words: 5228 flesch: 35 summary: key: cord-312197-d5d8amk7 authors: Edmond, Karen; Zaidi, Anita title: New Approaches to Preventing, Diagnosing, and Treating Neonatal Sepsis date: 2010-03-09 journal: PLoS Med DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000213 sha: doc_id: 312197 cord_uid: d5d8amk7 Karen Edmond and Anita Zaidi highlight new approaches that could reduce the burden of neonatal sepsis worldwide. Neonatal sepsis or septicaemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs of circulatory compromise (e.g., poor peripheral perfusion, pallor, hypotonia, poor responsiveness) caused by invasion of the bloodstream by bacteria in the first month of life. keywords: blood; care; countries; health; income; infants; infections; mortality; neonatal; neonates; rates; sepsis; studies cache: cord-312197-d5d8amk7.txt plain text: cord-312197-d5d8amk7.txt item: #476 of 647 id: cord-312438-zr9zx7pv author: Hoo, Regina title: Innate Immune Mechanisms to Protect Against Infection at the Human Decidual-Placental Interface date: 2020-09-10 words: 7560 flesch: 29 summary: This is further supported by the transcriptomic expression of viral receptors in placental cells (10, 50, 51). A combination of criteria define human first-trimester trophoblast ELF5-enforced transcriptional networks define an epigenetically regulated trophoblast stem cell compartment in the human placenta The Human Placenta Uteroplacental arterial changes related to interstitial trophoblast migration in early human pregnancy Trophoblast invasion Maternal arterial connections to the placental intervillous space during the first trimester of human pregnancy: the Boyd collection revisited The cytology of Hofbauer cells A three-dimensional study of the normal human placental villous core Zika virus infection at different pregnancy stages: anatomopathological findings, target cells and viral persistence in placental tissues Zika virus RNA replication and persistence in brain and placental tissue HIV-1 in trophoblastic and villous Hofbauer cells, and haematological precursors in eight-week fetuses Zika virus infects human placental macrophages Placental syncytium forms a biophysical barrier against pathogen invasion Apoptotic changes occur in syncytiotrophoblast of human placental villi where fibrin type fibrinoid is deposited at discontinuities in the villous trophoblast Zika virus targets different primary human placental cells, suggesting two routes for vertical transmission Developmental regulation of human cytomegalovirus receptors in cytotrophoblasts correlates with distinct replication sites in the placenta Does the human placenta express the canonical cell entry mediators for SARS-CoV-2? keywords: cells; decidua; expression; host; human; ifn; infected; infection; maternal; pathogens; placenta; pregnancy; receptors; sct; transmission; trophoblast; virus cache: cord-312438-zr9zx7pv.txt plain text: cord-312438-zr9zx7pv.txt item: #477 of 647 id: cord-312795-0e4esl2o author: Puig-Domingo, M. title: COVID-19 and endocrine diseases. A statement from the European Society of Endocrinology date: 2020-04-11 words: 2639 flesch: 38 summary: Increased risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes regarding COVID-19 infection Older adults and those with serious chronic medical conditions like heart disease, lung disease, and diabetes are at the highest risk for complications from COVID-19 infection. This is also the case for COVID-19 infection [1] . keywords: covid-19; diabetes; disease; infection; patients; risk cache: cord-312795-0e4esl2o.txt plain text: cord-312795-0e4esl2o.txt item: #478 of 647 id: cord-312797-hohzjx74 author: Hamelin, Marie-Ève title: Human Metapneumovirus: A New Player among Respiratory Viruses date: 2004-04-01 words: 3363 flesch: 38 summary: In addition, we found that outbreaks of hMPV infection tend to peak in early spring over a 4-6 week period, slightly later than outbreaks of hRSV infection, which also are more spread out in time [19] . However, additional studies over multiple years are needed to better define the seasonality of hMPV infection. keywords: children; hmpv; hrsv; human; infection; metapneumovirus; studies; tract cache: cord-312797-hohzjx74.txt plain text: cord-312797-hohzjx74.txt item: #479 of 647 id: cord-312803-fxuynxjd author: Gómez-Ríos, Manuel Ángel title: Preventing Infection of Patients and Healthcare Workers Should Be the New Normal in the Era of Novel Coronavirus Epidemics: Comment date: 2020-06-16 words: 591 flesch: 48 summary: The disease is highly contagious and has therefore spread faster than previous coronavirus infections. We wish to describe what Spanish anesthesiologists and healthcare professionals are experiencing with the first pandemic of the twenty-first century, caused by a new coronavirus. keywords: coronavirus; healthcare cache: cord-312803-fxuynxjd.txt plain text: cord-312803-fxuynxjd.txt item: #480 of 647 id: cord-312964-vsrqmmv7 author: Doyle, William J. title: Prevention of otitis media caused by viral upper respiratory tract infection: Vaccines, antivirals, and other approaches date: 2003 words: 6380 flesch: 23 summary: The local tissue damage caused by virus infection, the nasal inflammatory response attributable to host defense, and the local and systemic effects of the various chemical signals are expressed as symptoms and signs of illness. Alternatively, OM could be prevented by priming the host to resist virus infection. keywords: acute; children; infection; influenza; media; otitis; prevention; treatment; virus; vuri cache: cord-312964-vsrqmmv7.txt plain text: cord-312964-vsrqmmv7.txt item: #481 of 647 id: cord-314359-fw14b5cv author: Bajaj, Satish Kumar title: Respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients: Lung findings using chest computed tomography date: 2016-11-23 words: 4342 flesch: 33 summary: However, it lacks specificity and often fails to show early and subtle findings of lung infections. This is known as air bronchogram sign and a reliable sign of lung infection. keywords: changes; diagnosis; fig; findings; infections; lung; patients; pneumonia; sign cache: cord-314359-fw14b5cv.txt plain text: cord-314359-fw14b5cv.txt item: #482 of 647 id: cord-314390-q36ye9ff author: Kang, Gagandeep title: Viral Diarrhea date: 2016-10-24 words: 6023 flesch: 37 summary: Infections with gastroenteritis viruses differ from bacterial enteric infections in that they affect children in both developing and developed countries, suggesting that they may also be transmitted by means unrelated to contaminated food or water (Cheng et al., 2005) . Rotavirus infections can be severe and sometimes fatal in individuals of any age who are immunosuppressed for bone marrow transplantation. keywords: cause; children; countries; diarrhea; disease; gastroenteritis; infections; noroviruses; outbreaks; rotavirus; studies cache: cord-314390-q36ye9ff.txt plain text: cord-314390-q36ye9ff.txt item: #483 of 647 id: cord-314449-ukqux772 author: Curtis, L.T. title: Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: review of non-pharmacological interventions date: 2008-06-02 words: 9002 flesch: 34 summary: 11 Pathogens from hospital water are another underappreciated and underdiagnosed source of hospital infection. Contaminated environmental surfaces (such as bedside rails) are also an under-recognised source of hospital infections. keywords: air; analysis; catheters; cleaning; control; hand; hospital; infections; interventions; mrsa; patients; rates; risk; rooms; studies; study; urinary; use; water cache: cord-314449-ukqux772.txt plain text: cord-314449-ukqux772.txt item: #484 of 647 id: cord-314500-89ovdnxl author: Dunachie, Susanna title: The double burden of diabetes and global infection in low and middle-income countries date: 2018-12-04 words: 5812 flesch: 33 summary: There is a lack of evidence on which to base guidelines for people living in LMIC, and choice of glucose-lowering therapy may impact on infection risk and outcomes. More than half of the world's TB cases occur in five countries, 15 which have significant prevalence rates and total numbers of diabetes cases in adults aged 20-79 years as follows: China (10.9%, 114 million), India (8.8%, 73 million), Indonesia (6.2%, 10 million), Philippines (6.2%, 3.7 million) and Pakistan (6.9%, 7.5 million). keywords: chronic; dengue; diabetes; disease; infection; mellitus; patients; people; risk; studies; study; type cache: cord-314500-89ovdnxl.txt plain text: cord-314500-89ovdnxl.txt item: #485 of 647 id: cord-314505-7qh8dsew author: Stegelmeier, Ashley A. title: Myeloid Cells during Viral Infections and Inflammation date: 2019-02-19 words: 12544 flesch: 31 summary: Immune response and pathogenesis Cytokine-dependent but acquired immunity-independent arthritis caused by DNA escaped from degradation Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Identification of host genes leading to West Nile virus encephalitis in mice brain using RNA-seq analysis Progression of whole-blood transcriptional signatures from interferon-induced to neutrophil-associated patterns in severe influenza Nlrp12 mediates adverse neutrophil recruitment during influenza virus infection Effects of serum amyloid protein a on influenza a virus replication and viral interactions with neutrophils The role of neutrophils during mild and severe influenza virus infections of mice Induction of ifn-beta and the innate antiviral response in myeloid cells occurs through an IPS-1-dependent signal that does not require IRF-3 and IRF-7 Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome Dysregulated type I interferon and inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses cause lethal pneumonia in SARS-CoV-infected mice Functional interplay between type I and II interferons is essential to limit influenza A virus-induced tissue inflammation Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced activation of myeloid dendritic cells: The roles of virus cell interaction and paracrine type I IFN secretion dengue and yellow fever viruses induce differential anti-viral immune responses in human monocytic and first trimester trophoblast cells Differential ability of pandemic and seasonal H1N1 influenzaa viruses to alter the function of human neutrophils Characterization of the antiviral effects of interferon-alpha against a SARS-like coronoavirus infection in vitro Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte and monocyte to lymphocyte ratios in the diagnosis of bacterial infection in patients with fever i interferon receptor signaling to activate NK cells via IL-18 during a mucosal viral infection Distinct roles of IL-12 and IL-15 in human natural killer cell activation by dendritic cells from secondary lymphoid organs Human neutrophils produce interferon gamma upon stimulation by interleukin-12 Human neutrophils interact with both 6-sulfo LacNAc+ DC and NK cells to amplify NK-derived IFN{gamma}: role of CD18, ICAM-1, and ICAM-3 A proinflammatory role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine immune-mediated hepatitis Recent advances on the crosstalk between neutrophils and B or T lymphocytes Mouse neutrophils are professional antigen-presenting cells programmed to instruct TH1 and TH17 T-cell differentiation Neutrophils efficiently cross-prime naive T cells in vivo Neutrophils mediate immune modulation of dendritic cells through glycosylation-dependent interactions between Mac-1 and DC-SIGN Neutrophils influence the level of antigen presentation during the immune response to protein antigens in adjuvants A subset of neutrophils in human systemic inflammation inhibits T cell responses through MAC-1 Neutrophil-mediated suppression of influenza-induced pathology requires CD11B/CD18 (MAC-1) Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits neutrophil apoptosis, leading to delayed activation of naive CD4 T cells Dendritic cell uptake of human apoptotic and necrotic neutrophils inhibits CD40, CD80, and CD86 expression and reduces allogeneic T cell responses: Relevance to systemic vasculitis Lung neutrophils facilitate activation of naive antigen-specific CD4+ T cells during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Inflammatory monocytes facilitate adaptive CD4 T cell responses during respiratory fungal infection Blood-derived inflammatory dendritic cells in lymph nodes stimulate acute T helper type 1 immune responses Modulation of myelopoiesis progenitors is an integral component of trained immunity Trained immunity: A program of innate immune memory in health and disease Antiviral actions of interferons Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis The conserved coronavirus macrodomain promotes virulence and suppresses the innate immune response during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Ebola virus binding to TIM-1 on T lymphocytes induces a cytokine storm Fatal outcome of human influenza A (H5N1) is associated with high viral load and hypercytokinemia Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: keywords: activation; bone; cells; cytokines; human; ifn; immune; infections; inflammation; inflammatory; influenza; marrow; monocytes; myeloid; neutrophils; production; responses; signaling; tissue; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-314505-7qh8dsew.txt plain text: cord-314505-7qh8dsew.txt item: #486 of 647 id: cord-314600-x8mmuf3y author: Biagi, Carlotta title: Rhinovirus Infection in Children with Acute Bronchiolitis and Its Impact on Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma Development date: 2020-10-21 words: 5819 flesch: 40 summary: Together with a respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus (RV) is one of the most common pathogens associated with bronchiolitis, and its genetic diversity (>150 types) makes the recurrence of RV infections each year quite typical. The frequency of RV infection and co-infection with other viruses and its impact on the clinical course of bronchiolitis have been studied by several authors with controversial results. keywords: asthma; bronchiolitis; children; infants; infection; rsv; studies; wheezing cache: cord-314600-x8mmuf3y.txt plain text: cord-314600-x8mmuf3y.txt item: #487 of 647 id: cord-314841-b5l6epy3 author: Falsey, Ann Regina title: Respiratory viral infections date: 2019-08-15 words: 6010 flesch: 26 summary: Nasopharyngeal microbiota, host transcriptome, and disease severity in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection Patient-based transcriptome-wide analysis identify interferon and ubiquination pathways as potential predictors of influenza A disease severity Gene expression profiles during in vivo human rhinovirus infection: insights into the host response A genomic signature of influenza infection shows potential for presymptomatic detection, guiding early therapy, and monitoring clinical responses Influenza infection and risk of acute myocardial infarction in England and Wales: a CALIBER self-controlled case series study Acute myocardial infarction after laboratory-confirmed influenza infection Effect of influenza on functional decline A study of the impact of influenza on the functional status of frail older people Gene expression profiles link respiratory viral infection, platelet response to aspirin, and acute myocardial infarction The current epidemiology and clinical decisions surrounding acute respiratory infections Gene expression signatures diagnose influenza and other symptomatic respiratory viral infections in humans A distinct influenza infection signature in the blood transcriptome of patients with severe communityacquired pneumonia Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults Treating viral respiratory tract infections with antibiotics in hospitals: no longer a case of mistaken identity Bacterial complications of respiratory tract viral illness: a comprehensive evaluation Routine molecular point-of-care testing for respiratory viruses in adults presenting to hospital with acute respiratory illness (ResPOC): a pragmatic, open-label, randomised controlled trial Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory parameters in community-acquired pneumonia Developing molecular amplification methods for rapid diagnosis of respiratory tract infections caused by bacterial pathogens Assessing the human immune system through blood transcriptomics Superiority of transcriptional profiling over procalcitonin for distinguishing bacterial from viral lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized adults Gene expression patterns in blood leukocytes discriminate patients with acute infections Gene expression profiles in febrile children with defined viral and bacterial infection Robust classification of bacterial and viral infections via integrated host gene expression diagnostics Host gene expression classifiers diagnose acute respiratory illness etiology Transcriptomic biomarkers to discriminate bacterial from nonbacterial infection in adults hospitalized with respiratory illness Diagnostic test accuracy of a 2-transcript host RNA signature for discriminating bacterial vs viral infection in febrile children Association of RNA biosignatures with bacterial infections in febrile infants aged 60 days or younger A host-based RT-PCR gene expression signature to identify acute respiratory viral infection Detection of host response to viral respiratory infection by measurement of messenger RNA for MxA, TRIM21, and viperin in nasal swabs Analysis of the host transcriptional response during respiratory viral infection using in-vitro, animal models and natural and experimental human challenge have furthered the understanding of the mechanisms and predictors of severe disease and may identify potential therapeutic targets to prevent and ameliorate illness. keywords: children; disease; expression; gene; host; hrv; human; infection; influenza; response; studies; viral; virus; viruses cache: cord-314841-b5l6epy3.txt plain text: cord-314841-b5l6epy3.txt item: #488 of 647 id: cord-315304-pge45105 author: Kotton, C.N. title: Organ Transplantation, Risks date: 2015-03-06 words: 4213 flesch: 26 summary: Studies of viral latency, reactivation, and of the cellular effects of viral infection will provide clues for future strategies in prevention and treatment of viral infections. Viral infection is associated with both direct (invasive disease) and indirect (immune modulation) effects affecting susceptibility to other infections and promoting allograft rejection. keywords: cmv; disease; infection; organ; patients; reactivation; recipients; transplantation; virus cache: cord-315304-pge45105.txt plain text: cord-315304-pge45105.txt item: #489 of 647 id: cord-315726-ltjurdrq author: Acheson, D.W.K. title: Food and Waterborne Illnesses date: 2009-02-17 words: 10895 flesch: 45 summary: In the United States, until recently, we had very little data on the numbers and outcomes of foodborne infection. Utilizing FoodNet and other data, the CDC provides our current best estimate of the true burden of foodborne infections in the United States. keywords: campylobacter; cases; cause; coli; days; diarrhea; disease; exposure; food; foodborne; illness; infection; outbreaks; patients; salmonella; states; symptoms; toxin; united; water cache: cord-315726-ltjurdrq.txt plain text: cord-315726-ltjurdrq.txt item: #490 of 647 id: cord-315730-fzgxuak7 author: Penman, Sophie L. title: Safety perspectives on presently considered drugs for the treatment of COVID‐19 date: 2020-07-17 words: 12087 flesch: 30 summary: As such, it is likely that many of the AEs observed in the Ebola study will translate to COVID-19 patients treated with remdesivir. However, a recent study found that only 4.1 % of COVID-19 patients receiving remdesivir treatment suffered serious (grade 3 or 4) transaminase elevations, with there being no significant difference between the remdesivir-and placebo-treated groups (Beigel et al., 2020) . keywords: anakinra; arthritis; baricitinib; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; disease; dose; drug; et al; hydroxychloroquine; ifn; infection; liver; patients; potential; remdesivir; rheumatoid; risk; safety; sars; study; tocilizumab; treatment; trial; use cache: cord-315730-fzgxuak7.txt plain text: cord-315730-fzgxuak7.txt item: #491 of 647 id: cord-315794-se0sq3c3 author: Lamps, L W title: Infective disorders of the gastrointestinal tract date: 2006-12-14 words: 4193 flesch: 34 summary: Many of these infections mimic other inflammatory gastrointestinal disease processes, such as ischaemic colitis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Diagnostic histological features of selected enteric infections will be emphasized, including those that mimic other inflammatory conditions of the gut (such as ischaemia or idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease), along with available diagnostic methods that can aid in diagnosis. keywords: bowel; colitis; diagnosis; diarrhoea; disease; features; infection; patients cache: cord-315794-se0sq3c3.txt plain text: cord-315794-se0sq3c3.txt item: #492 of 647 id: cord-316500-vik30moa author: Cardillo, Lorena title: Lifestyle as Risk Factor for Infectious Causes of Death in Young Dogs: A Retrospective Study in Southern Italy (2015–2017) date: 2020-06-05 words: 5528 flesch: 43 summary: key: cord-316500-vik30moa authors: Cardillo, Lorena; Piegari, Giuseppe; Iovane, Valentina; Viscardi, Maurizio; Alfano, Flora; Cerrone, Anna; Pagnini, Ugo; Montagnaro, Serena; Galiero, Giorgio; Pisanelli, Giuseppe; Fusco, Giovanna title: Lifestyle as Risk Factor for Infectious Causes of Death in Young Dogs: A Retrospective Study in Southern Italy (2015–2017) date: 2020-06-05 journal: Vet Med Int DOI: 10.1155/2020/6207297 sha: doc_id: 316500 cord_uid: vik30moa Infectious diseases are a common cause of death in young dogs. Several factors are thought to predispose young dogs to microbiological infections. keywords: age; canine; cases; cpv; death; dogs; infections; lesions; ownerless; pcr; study; time cache: cord-316500-vik30moa.txt plain text: cord-316500-vik30moa.txt item: #493 of 647 id: cord-316513-dbzj101e author: Sen-Crowe, Brendon title: Utilizing technology as a method of contact tracing and surveillance to minimize the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection date: 2020-07-04 words: 452 flesch: 48 summary: In addition, early detection and contact tracing has the potential to conserve hospital resources that have become scarce throughout the pandemic. Hence, targeted distribution of hospital resources to these areas can make the difference for a hospital to adequately treat those in critical condition without the need for triaging treatment between patients. keywords: infection; testing cache: cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt plain text: cord-316513-dbzj101e.txt item: #494 of 647 id: cord-316894-zhmuzv7z author: Stetzenbach, L.D. title: Airborne Infectious Microorganisms date: 2009-02-17 words: 4394 flesch: 38 summary: Inhalation of microbial aerosols can elicit adverse human health effects including infection, allergic reaction, inflammation, and respiratory disease. H5N1, H7N2, H9N2, and H7N3 Strains of avian influenza A viruses that have been linked to respiratory disease in humans. keywords: airborne; bacteria; disease; exposure; human; infection; influenza; inhalation; particles; result; viruses cache: cord-316894-zhmuzv7z.txt plain text: cord-316894-zhmuzv7z.txt item: #495 of 647 id: cord-317028-f3bpwm5j author: Olmsted, Russell N. title: Prevention by Design: Construction and Renovation of Health Care Facilities for Patient Safety and Infection Prevention date: 2016-08-09 words: 5191 flesch: 38 summary: FGI also needs to facilitate development of best practice and alternative concept guidance for health care design. Incorporation of health care facility guidelines; for example, FGI 3. keywords: care; construction; control; design; facilities; guidelines; health; infection; patient; prevention; risk; rooms; surfaces; water cache: cord-317028-f3bpwm5j.txt plain text: cord-317028-f3bpwm5j.txt item: #496 of 647 id: cord-317198-mean7sj9 author: Giamberardin, Heloisa I.G. title: Clinical and epidemiological features of respiratory virus infections in preschool children over two consecutive influenza seasons in southern Brazil date: 2016-02-09 words: 3538 flesch: 40 summary: key: cord-317198-mean7sj9 authors: Giamberardin, Heloisa I.G.; Homsani, Sheila; Bricks, Lucia F.; Pacheco, Ana P.O.; Guedes, Matilde; Debur, Maria C.; Raboni, Sonia M. title: Clinical and epidemiological features of respiratory virus infections in preschool children over two consecutive influenza seasons in southern Brazil date: 2016-02-09 journal: J Med Virol DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24477 sha: doc_id: 317198 cord_uid: mean7sj9 This study reports the results of a systematic screening for respiratory viruses in pediatric outpatients from an emergency department (ED) in southern Brazil during two consecutive influenza seasons. The proportion of influenza virus infection in the population studied was between 5% and 12% (95% CI, 0.05-0.12). keywords: children; infections; influenza; patients; study; viruses cache: cord-317198-mean7sj9.txt plain text: cord-317198-mean7sj9.txt item: #497 of 647 id: cord-317499-mxt7stat author: Saraya, Takeshi title: Epidemiology of virus-induced asthma exacerbations: with special reference to the role of human rhinovirus date: 2014-05-26 words: 5658 flesch: 26 summary: Arruda et al. The median duration of HRV colds is 1 week, but up to 25% last more than 2 weeks (Gwaltney et al., 1967; Rotbart and Hayden, 2000) . keywords: airway; asthma; cells; et al; exacerbations; hrv; human; infection; patients; rhinovirus; subjects; viruses cache: cord-317499-mxt7stat.txt plain text: cord-317499-mxt7stat.txt item: #498 of 647 id: cord-317548-ft7lkpzq author: Proud, David title: Upper airway viral infections date: 2007-07-05 words: 4008 flesch: 30 summary: Interestingly, respiratory viral infections are associated with COPD exacerbations that are more frequent, severe and have longer recovery times Upper respiratory viral infections (URI) and their complications Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population. keywords: airway; asthma; colds; disease; exacerbations; hrv; infections; rhinovirus cache: cord-317548-ft7lkpzq.txt plain text: cord-317548-ft7lkpzq.txt item: #499 of 647 id: cord-317661-v93mde6l author: Vaid, Shashank title: Using Machine Learning to Estimate Unobserved COVID-19 Infections in North America date: 2020-05-07 words: 2499 flesch: 53 summary: We have identified 2 key findings: (1) as of April 22, 2020, the United States may have had 1.5 to 2.029 times the number of reported infections and Canada may have had 1.44 to 2.06 times the number of reported infections and (2) even if we assume that the fatality and growth rates in the unobservable population (undetected infections) are similar to those in the observable population (confirmed infections), the number of undetected infections may be within ranges similar to those described above. We have identified 2 key findings: (1) as of April 22, 2020, the United States may have had 1.5 to 2.029 times the number of reported infections and Canada may have had 1.44 to 2.06 times the number of reported infections and (2) even if we assume that the fatality and growth rates in the unobservable population (undetected infections) are similar to those in the observable population (confirmed infections), the number of undetected infections may be within ranges similar to those described above. keywords: canada; cases; covid-19; infections cache: cord-317661-v93mde6l.txt plain text: cord-317661-v93mde6l.txt item: #500 of 647 id: cord-318061-xe8lljz0 author: Overgaauw, Paul A.M. title: A One Health Perspective on the Human–Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects date: 2020-05-27 words: 14063 flesch: 45 summary: Of course, in the field there is animal abuse, negative animal welfare conditions, and animal diseases. The One Health initiative or concept is a worldwide strategy that recognizes that public health is connected with animal health and the environment. keywords: animals; behavior; cats; children; companion; companion animals; contact; disease; dogs; food; health; human; infection; life; owners; ownership; pathogens; people; pet; pets; problems; public; review; risk; spp; transmission; welfare; zoonotic cache: cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt plain text: cord-318061-xe8lljz0.txt item: #501 of 647 id: cord-318063-bainw3d6 author: Haque, Mainul title: Health care-associated infections – an overview date: 2018-11-15 words: 8259 flesch: 37 summary: in Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital Surveillance and Prevention of healthcare associated infections Clinical and economic outcomes in critically ill patients with nosocomial catheter-related bloodstream infections The clinical and economic consequences of nosocomial central venous catheter-related infection: are antimicrobial catheters useful? Department of Health & Human Services Central line-associated blood stream infections: characteristics and risk factors for mortality over a 5.5-year period Central line-associated bloodstream infections among critically-ill patients in the era of bundle care Central line-associated bloodstream infection in hospitalized children with peripherally inserted central venous catheters: extending risk analyses outside the intensive care unit Surgical Site Infections Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reduction in the Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in U. S. Acute Care Hospitals Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use Among Adult Inpatients in Singapore Acute-Care Hospitals: Results From the First National Point Prevalence Survey Burden of Six Healthcare-Associated Infections on European Population Health: Estimating Incidence-Based Disability-Adjusted Life Years through a Population Prevalence-Based Modelling Study Prevalence, incidence burden, and clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance: a national prevalent cohort study in acute care hospitals in Greece The Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis Point prevalence and risk factors of hospital acquired infections in a cluster of university-affiliated hospitals in Shiraz, Iran Investigating potential sources of transmission of healthcare-associated infections in a regional hospital Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens Federal funding for the study of antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial pathogens: no ESKAPE Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Team and Participating NHSN Facilities. keywords: care; catheter; control; hand; hcais; health; healthcare; hospital; hygiene; infections; patients; pneumonia; prevention; resistance; ssis; study; surgery; surgical cache: cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt plain text: cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt item: #502 of 647 id: cord-318172-bdotp9ko author: Blanco, Jorge C. G. title: PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBODY TREATMENT AND INTRAMUSCULAR IMMUNIZATION REDUCE INFECTIOUS HUMAN RHINOVIRUS 16 LOAD IN THE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT OF CHALLENGED COTTON RATS date: 2014-01-01 words: 5198 flesch: 36 summary: Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species A, B and C into genotypically assigned types Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution Analysis of the complete genome sequences of human rhinovirus Human rhinovirus species associated with hospitalizations for acute respiratory illness in young US children Rhinovirus outbreak in a long term care facility for elderly persons associated with unusually high mortality Chronic rhinoviral infection in lung transplant recipients Rhinoviruses in the pathogenesis of asthma: the bronchial epithelium as a major disease target Detection of rhinovirus in induced sputum at exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Experimental infections of chimpanzees with human rhinovirus types 14 and 43 Experimental infection of gibbons with rhinovirus Recovery of new viruses (coryzavirus) from cases of common cold in human adults Further properties of five newly recognized picornaviruses (Rhinoviruses) Mouse models of rhinovirus-induced disease and exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation CXCR2 is required for neutrophilic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of human rhinovirus infection No exacerbation but impaired anti-viral mechanisms in a rhinovirus-chronic allergic asthma mouse model Elastase-and LPS-exposed mice display altered responses to rhinovirus infection Neonatal rhinovirus infection induces mucous metaplasia and airways hyperresponsiveness Antibodies induced with recombinant VP1 from human rhinovirus exhibit cross-neutralisation Rhinovirus infections and immunisation induce cross-serotype reactive antibodies to VP1 Cross-serotype immunity induced by immunization with a conserved rhinovirus capsid protein The pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats The cotton rat provides a useful small-animal model for the study of influenza virus pathogenesis Receptor characterization and susceptibility of cotton rats to avian and 2009 pandemic influenza virus strains Extent of measles virus spread and immune suppression differentiates between wildtype and vaccine strains in the cotton rat model (Sigmodon hispidus) The cotton rat: an underutilized animal model for human infectious diseases can now be exploited using specific reagents to cytokines, chemokines, and interferons Interferoninducible Mx gene expression in cotton rats: cloning, characterization, and expression during influenza viral infection Induction of type I interferons and interferon-inducible Mx genes during respiratory syncytial virus infection and reinfection in cotton rats Mx proteins: mediators of innate resistance to RNA viruses Complete sequence of the RNA genome of human rhinovirus 16, a clinically useful common cold virus belonging to the ICAM-1 receptor group Transmission of experimental rhinovirus colds in volunteer married couples Effects of experimental rhinovirus 16 infection on airways and leukocyte function in normal subjects Rhinovirus infection and house dust mite exposure synergize in inducing bronchial epithelial cell interleukin-8 release An experimental model of rhinovirus induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: a pilot study Rhinovirus 16-induced IFN-alpha and IFN-beta are deficient in bronchoalveolar lavage cells in asthmatic patients Human rhinovirus induces robust IP-10 release by monocytic cells, which is independent of viral replication but linked to type I interferon receptor ligation and STAT1 activation Human monocytic cells direct the robust release of CXCL10 by bronchial epithelial cells during rhinovirus infection Light and scanning electron microscopy of nasal biopsy material from patients with naturally acquired common colds Respiratory virus infection of monolayer cultures of human nasal epithelial cells Lack of induction by rhinoviruses of systemic type I interferon production or enhanced MxA protein expression during the common cold Azithromycin induces anti-viral responses in bronchial epithelial cells Gene expression profiles during in vivo human rhinovirus infection: insights into the host response Mechanisms of immunity to respiratory syncytial virus in cotton rats Quantitative aspects of passive immunity to respiratory syncytial virus infection in infant cotton rats A direct comparison of the activities of two humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibodies: MEDI-493 and RSHZl9 Reduction of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization among premature infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin prophylaxis The IMpact-RSV Study and Group, Palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants Antibodies to the buried N terminus of rhinovirus VP4 exhibit cross-serotypic neutralization An anti-human Icam-1 antibody inhibits rhinovirus-induced exacerbations of lung inflammation The application of prophylactic antibodies for rhinovirus infections We thank Raymonde Oue, Jamall McKay, and Susana Canas for their technical support and Charles Smith, Marta Malache, and Ana and Freddy Rivera for cotton rat husbandry. keywords: animals; antibodies; cotton; hrv16; human; immunization; infection; lung; rat; rats; rhinovirus; titers; virus cache: cord-318172-bdotp9ko.txt plain text: cord-318172-bdotp9ko.txt item: #503 of 647 id: cord-318282-ocgfgx9r author: Boyce, John M title: Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus date: 2005-10-31 words: 8590 flesch: 41 summary: Despite the absence of extensive data, reports of recent percentages of up to 70% of nosocomial MRSA infections confirm the urgent need for an effective antimicrobial usage policy for our country. The main principles are promotion of hand disinfection, identification of MRSA risk patients (carriers and contacts of known MRSA cases), rapid microbiological identification of MRSA, contact isolation of MRSA cases, and treatment of MRSA infections. keywords: aureus; care; community; control; health; hospital; infections; methicillin; mrsa; patients; resistance; screening; staphylococcus; strains; surveillance; vancomycin cache: cord-318282-ocgfgx9r.txt plain text: cord-318282-ocgfgx9r.txt item: #504 of 647 id: cord-318826-l922zqci author: Holschbach, Chelsea L. title: Salmonella in Dairy Cattle date: 2018-03-31 words: 11036 flesch: 35 summary: Salmonella infections are well-known for their association with clinical signs of enterocolitis, septicemia, and abortion in dairy cattle. Salmonella infection is most commonly transmitted by fecal-oral contamination from other livestock, rodents, birds, or by feeding contaminated protein source animal byproducts. keywords: animal; calves; cattle; control; culture; dairy; diagnostic; disease; dublin; enterica; infection; milk; resistance; risk; salmonella; salmonella dublin; salmonellosis; samples; states; united; use cache: cord-318826-l922zqci.txt plain text: cord-318826-l922zqci.txt item: #505 of 647 id: cord-318852-gouz6tth author: Lee, J.S.E. title: Considerations and strategies in the organisation of obstetric anaesthesia care during the 2019 COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore date: 2020-04-20 words: 2067 flesch: 37 summary: To minimise infection risk, no visitors are allowed. No skin-to-skin contact with the mother is allowed, to minimise infection risk. keywords: covid-19; delivery; infection; patients; risk; staff cache: cord-318852-gouz6tth.txt plain text: cord-318852-gouz6tth.txt item: #506 of 647 id: cord-318944-13zk6cco author: Bizzoca, Maria Eleonora title: Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment date: 2020-05-27 words: 11704 flesch: 45 summary: 7. Before dental session patient should rinse and gargle with a specific mouthwash. The first problem raised with respect to COVID-19, is related to the easy spread of viral agents in the air during dental procedures [12] keywords: agents; air; blood; care; contact; control; covid-19; droplets; gloves; hand; health; human; infection; order; patient; procedures; protection; respiratory; risk; surfaces; transmission; use; virus; water cache: cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt plain text: cord-318944-13zk6cco.txt item: #507 of 647 id: cord-318984-8m9ygzn5 author: Chen, Yin-Yin title: Surveillance on secular trends of incidence and mortality for device–associated infection in the intensive care unit setting at a tertiary medical center in Taiwan, 2000–2008: A retrospective observational study date: 2012-09-10 words: 4304 flesch: 40 summary: In the analysis of long-term changes in infection rates or mortality rates, we must consider whether changes in the population, advances in laboratory diagnostic techniques, changes in exposure to risk factors, microbial culture and other factors lead to increased or decreased rates. MRSA infection rates have been reduced by year from 2006. keywords: control; dai; hospital; icu; infection; mortality; patients; rates; study; surveillance cache: cord-318984-8m9ygzn5.txt plain text: cord-318984-8m9ygzn5.txt item: #508 of 647 id: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8 author: Ruiz, Sara I. title: Chapter 38 Animal Models of Human Viral Diseases date: 2013-12-31 words: 28862 flesch: 41 summary: Wild-type C57BL/6 adult mice are not permissive to chikungunya virus infection by intradermal inoculation. [Comparative Study Research Support Characterization of clinical and immune response in a rotavirus diarrhea model in suckling Lewis rats Development of a heterologous model in germfree suckling rats for studies of rotavirus diarrhea Studies of oral rehydration solutions in animal models Induction of mucosal immune responses and protection against enteric viruses: rotavirus infection of gnotobiotic pigs as a model Developmental immunity in the piglet Swine in biomedical research Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus Characterisation of the primary local and systemic immune response in gnotobiotic lambs against rotavirus infection Experimental infection of non-human primates with a human rotavirus isolate Development of a rotavirus-shedding model in rhesus macaques, using a homologous wild-type rotavirus of a new P genotype Reflections on 30 years of AIDS HIVs and their replication The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection: transmission, prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in humanized BLT mice Hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NOD/ SCID/IL2Rgamma null mice develop human lymphoid systems and induce long-lasting HIV-1 infection with specific humoral immune responses HIV-1 infection and CD4 T cell depletion in the humanized Rag2Ã�/Ã� gamma cÃ�/Ã� (RAG-hu) mouse model HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis in a novel humanized mouse model Induction of robust cellular and humoral virusspecific adaptive immune responses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected humanized BLT mice An aptamer-siRNA chimera suppresses HIV-1 viral loads and protects from helper CD4(þ) T cell decline in humanized mice Mucosal immunity and vaccines Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1 Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus Limited dissemination of pathogenic SIV after vaginal challenge of rhesus monkeys immunized with a live Virulence and reduced fitness of simian immunodeficiency virus with the M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase SIV-induced impairment of neurovascular repair: a potential role for VEGF Therapeutic DNA vaccine induces broad T cell responses in the gut and sustained protection from viral rebound and AIDS in SIV-infected rhesus macaques A Nonfucosylated variant of the anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibody b12 has enhanced FcgammaRIIIamediated antiviral activity in vitro but does not improve protection against mucosal SHIV challenge in macaques A trivalent recombinant Ad5 gag/pol/nef vaccine fails to protect rhesus macaques from infection or control virus replication after a limiting-dose heterologous SIV challenge Animal model for the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with reverse transcriptase inhibitors Susceptibility of HIV-2, SIV and SHIV to various anti-HIV-1 compounds: implications for treatment and postexposure prophylaxis Use of a small molecule CCR5 inhibitor in macaques to treat simian immunodeficiency virus infection or prevent simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection SHIV-1157i and passaged progeny viruses encoding R5 HIV-1 clade C env cause AIDS in rhesus monkeys Update on animal models for HIV research Limited or no protection by weakly or nonneutralizing antibodies against vaginal SHIV challenge of macaques compared with a strongly neutralizing antibody Macaque studies of vaccine and microbicide combinations for preventing HIV-1 sexual transmission Vpx is Critical for SIVmne infection of pigtail macaques Impact of short-term HAART initiated during the chronic stage or shortly post-exposure on SIV infection of male genital organs The rhesus macaque pediatric SIV infection modeld a valuable tool in understanding infant HIV-1 pathogenesis and for designing pediatric HIV-1 prevention strategies Perinatal transmission of SHIV-SF162P3 in Macaca nemestrina Immune and genetic correlates of vaccine protection against mucosal infection by SIV in monkeys Chronic administration of tenofovir to rhesus macaques from infancy through adulthood and pregnancy: summary of pharmacokinetics and biological and virological effects Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the step study): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial Human papillomavirus in cervical cancer Human papillomavirus research: do we still need animal models? Animal models of papillomavirus pathogenesis Evidence of human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness in reducing genital warts: an analysis of California public family planning administrative claims data The rabbit viral skin papillomas and carcinomas: a model for the immunogenetics of HPV-associated carcinogenesis Protection of beagle dogs from mucosal challenge with canine oral papillomavirus by immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing codon-optimized early genes Naturally occurring, nonregressing canine oral papillomavirus infection: host immunity, virus characterization, and experimental infection Regression of canine oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4þ and CD8þ lymphocytes Characterization and experimental transmission of an oncogenic papillomavirus in female macaques A multimeric L2 vaccine for prevention of animal papillomavirus infections Preclinical development of highly effective and safe DNA vaccines directed against HPV 16 E6 and E7 US doctors investigate more than 50 possible cases of monkeypox Isolation of monkeypox virus from wild squirrel infected in nature Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures Human monkeypox infection: a family cluster in the midwestern United States Human monkeypox and other poxvirus infections of man The confirmation and maintenance of smallpox eradication Human monkeypox Identification of wild-derived inbred mouse strains highly susceptible to monkeypox virus infection for use as small animal models A prairie dog animal model of systemic orthopoxvirus disease using west African and Congo Basin strains of monkeypox virus Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging Comparative pathology of North American and central African strains of monkeypox virus in a ground squirrel model of the disease Experimental infection of an African dormouse (Graphiurus kelleni) with monkeypox virus A mouse model of lethal infection for evaluating prophylactics and therapeutics against monkeypox virus Experimental infection of ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of prairie dogs with monkeypox virus Experimental infection of cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) with aerosolized monkeypox virus The pathology of experimental aerosolized monkeypox virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox Smallpox vaccine does not protect macaques with AIDS from a lethal monkeypox virus challenge Smallpox vaccine-induced antibodies are necessary and sufficient for protection against monkeypox virus Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and west African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates keywords: acute; animal; animal models; challenge; cynomolgus; days; dengue; develop; disease; encephalitis; encephalitis virus; experimental; fever; hepatitis; human; infected; infection; influenza; inoculation; liver; macaques; mice; model; monkeys; mortality; mouse; nhps; pathogenesis; pigs; rhesus; route; sars; signs; strains; studies; study; symptoms; transmission; vaccine; viral; viremia; virus; virus infection; viruses cache: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8.txt plain text: cord-319933-yp9ofhi8.txt item: #509 of 647 id: cord-320145-582kmoyo author: Cardinal, R. N. title: Simulating a community mental health service during the COVID-19 pandemic: effects of clinician-clinician encounters, clinician-patient-family encounters, symptom-triggered protective behaviour, and household clustering date: 2020-05-03 words: 5486 flesch: 43 summary: Instead, we focus on infection rates (including clinician infection rates) and discuss other potential effects of the service-level manipulations examined. Under our assumptions, these service arrangements had only a very small impact on infection rates across the population studied (clinicians, patients, and family together; Figure 2A,C) , but some had a substantial effect on clinician infection rates (Figures 2B,D) . keywords: clinician; contact; effect; family; infection; license; patients; preprint; rates; transmission cache: cord-320145-582kmoyo.txt plain text: cord-320145-582kmoyo.txt item: #510 of 647 id: cord-320454-dhfl92et author: Srivastava, S. title: Healthcare-associated infections in neonatal units: lessons from contrasting worlds date: 2007-03-12 words: 7392 flesch: 36 summary: It is interesting to note that the CDC includes infections acquired from the maternal genital tract in their surveillance of nosocomial neonatal infection. For this reason, neonatal infections are often classified as early onset (usually 0e7 days after birth) and late onset (>7 days after birth). keywords: care; control; hai; hospital; incidence; infants; infection; intensive; neonatal; neonates; nicu; outbreak; risk; studies; study; unit cache: cord-320454-dhfl92et.txt plain text: cord-320454-dhfl92et.txt item: #511 of 647 id: cord-320548-oigyut2k author: Zumla, Alimuddin title: Emerging novel and antimicrobial-resistant respiratory tract infections: new drug development and therapeutic options date: 2014-09-01 words: 8128 flesch: 22 summary: A antibodies Antiviral combinations for severe infl uenza infections: a review Triple combination of amantadine, ribavirin, and oseltamivir is highly active and synergistic against drug resistant infl uenza virus strains in vitro Effi cacy of oseltamivirzanamivir combination compared to each monotherapy for seasonal infl uenza: a randomized placebo-controlled trial Triple-combination antiviral drug for pandemic H1N1 infl uenza virus infection in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation Adjuvant treatment with a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, sirolimus, and steroids improves outcomes in patients with severe H1N1 pneumonia and acute respiratory failure Anti-malaria drug chloroquine is highly eff ective in treating avian infl uenza A H5N1 virus infection in an animal model Eff ectiveness of chloroquine against infl uenza Chloroquine for infl uenza prevention: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium Treatment of MERS-CoV: information for clinicians. Romark announces clinical trial results for new infl uenza drug presented at IDSA meeting Eff ect of nitazoxanide in adults and adolescents with acute uncomplicated infl uenza: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 trial Adjunctive therapies and immunomodulatory agents in the management of severe infl uenza The eff ectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral aetiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis Convalescent plasma treatment reduced mortality in patients with severe pandemic infl uenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection Hyperimmune IV immunoglobulin treatment: a multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial for patients with severe 2009 infl uenza A(H1N1) infection An in vivo human-plasmablast enrichment technique allows rapid identifi cation of therapeutic infl uenza keywords: antiviral; cells; clinical; drug; eff; infections; infl; infl uenza; oseltamivir; patients; resistance; respiratory; therapy; treatment; trial; tuberculosis; uenza; use; viral; virus cache: cord-320548-oigyut2k.txt plain text: cord-320548-oigyut2k.txt item: #512 of 647 id: cord-320663-xypg6evo author: Market, Marisa title: Flattening the COVID-19 Curve With Natural Killer Cell Based Immunotherapies date: 2020-06-23 words: 14058 flesch: 29 summary: A natural killer cell receptor for HLA-B allotypes Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulinrelated molecules with diversity in both the extra-and intracellular domains HLA-E binds to natural killer cell receptors CD94/NKG2A, B and C Mouse CD94/NKG2A is a natural killer cell receptor for the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule Qa-1(b) TLR-mediated activation of NK cells and their role in bacterial/viral immune responses in mammals Peptide-specific recognition of human cytomegalovirus strains controls adaptive natural killer cells Ly49H signaling through DAP10 is essential for optimal natural killer cell responses to mouse cytomegalovirus infection Human NK cells and herpesviruses: mechanisms of recognition, response and adaptation Cytokine regulation of natural killer cell effector functions Coordinated and distinct roles for IFN-αβ, IL-12, and IL-15 regulation of NK cell responses to viral infection Developmental and functional control of natural killer cells by cytokines. Despite their vital role in viral infection, the contribution of NK cells in fighting SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been directly investigated. keywords: acute; cancer; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; human; ifn; immune; infection; killer; levels; mers; nk cells; patients; respiratory; response; role; sars; studies; syndrome; therapy; type cache: cord-320663-xypg6evo.txt plain text: cord-320663-xypg6evo.txt item: #513 of 647 id: cord-320909-p93gxjm2 author: Natoli, S. title: Does SARS‐Cov‐2 invade the brain? Translational lessons from animal models date: 2020-05-22 words: 4730 flesch: 33 summary: Radiology 2020 Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease Labs rush to study coronavirus in transgenic animals -some are in short supply A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome Possible central nervous system infection by SARS coronavirus Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: Implications for pathogenesis virus transmission pathways Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a functional receptor for SARS coronavirus Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. In line with observations in SARS models, non-human primates and wild-type mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit a relatively mild clinical disease, in spite of the evidence that Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) revealed a massive infection of the respiratory tract [44, 45] (Table 2) . keywords: brain; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; human; infection; mers; mice; models; sars; syndrome cache: cord-320909-p93gxjm2.txt plain text: cord-320909-p93gxjm2.txt item: #514 of 647 id: cord-321132-xdpb3ukt author: Lhomme, Sebastien title: Influence of Polyproline Region and Macro Domain Genetic Heterogeneity on HEV Persistence in Immunocompromised Patients date: 2014-01-15 words: 2350 flesch: 42 summary: We compared the sequence heterogeneity of 2 regions of ORF1 in patients with chronic HEV infection and those with resolving infections. Our working hypothesis was that the genetic heterogeneity of the PPR or the macro domain play a role in the outcome of HEV infection in immunocompromised patients, as the PPR could modulate the host immune response and the macro domain could influence virus pathogenicity. keywords: domain; hepatitis; hev; infection; patients; ppr; virus cache: cord-321132-xdpb3ukt.txt plain text: cord-321132-xdpb3ukt.txt item: #515 of 647 id: cord-321481-vrfwczve author: Watashi, Koichi title: NTCP and Beyond: Opening the Door to Unveil Hepatitis B Virus Entry date: 2014-02-19 words: 4944 flesch: 33 summary: Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: New estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity Optimal management of chronic hepatitis B patients with treatment failure and antiviral drug resistance Hepatitis B: Reflections on the current approach to antiviral therapy Hepatitis B surface antigen levels: Association with 5-year response to peginterferon alfa-2a in hepatitis B e-antigen-negative patients IFN-alpha inhibits HBV transcription and replication in cell culture and in humanized mice by targeting the epigenetic regulation of the nuclear cccDNA minichromosome Entry inhibitors and their use in the treatment of HIV-1 infection Gulping rather than sipping: Macropinocytosis as a way of virus entry Hepatitis C virus entry into hepatocytes: Molecular mechanisms and targets for antiviral therapies Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide is a functional receptor for human hepatitis B and D virus Myristoylated PreS1-domain of the hepatitis B virus L-protein mediates specific binding to differentiated hepatocytes Viral and cellular determinants involved in hepadnaviral entry Proteoglycans act as cellular hepatitis delta virus attachment receptors Role of glycosaminoglycans for binding and infection of hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus infection initiates with a large surface protein-dependent binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans Clathrin-mediated endocytosis and lysosomal cleavage of hepatitis B virus capsid-like core particles Hepatitis B virus may enter HepG2 cells complemented with human NTCP via macropinocytosis Entry of hepatitis B virus into immortalized human primary hepatocytes by clathrin-dependent endocytosis Hepatitis B virus requires intact caveolin-1 function for productive infection in HepaRG cells Structural relationships between minor and major proteins of hepatitis B surface antigen Large surface proteins of hepatitis B virus containing the pre-S sequence Entry of hepatitis B and C viruses-Recent progress and future impact Entry of hepatitis delta virus requires the conserved cysteine residues of the hepatitis B virus envelope protein antigenic loop and is blocked by inhibitors of thiol-disulfide exchange N-terminal myristoylation-dependent masking of neutralizing epitopes in the preS1 attachment site of hepatitis B virus Neutralization of hepatitis B virus infectivity by a murine monoclonal antibody: An experimental study in the chimpanzee The pre-s2 domain of the hepatitis B virus is dispensable for infectivity but serves a spacer function for L-protein-connected virus assembly A function essential to viral entry underlies the hepatitis B virus a determinant Structural characterization of viral neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen Mapping of the hepatitis B virus pre-S1 domain involved in receptor recognition Characterization of a hepatitis B and hepatitis delta virus receptor binding site Mapping of the hepatitis B virus attachment site by use of infection-inhibiting preS1 lipopeptides and tupaia hepatocytes Efficient inhibition of hepatitis B virus infection by acylated peptides derived from the large viral surface protein In vivo neutralization of hepatitis B virus infection by an anti-preS1 humanized antibody in chimpanzees Infection process of the hepatitis B virus depends on the presence of a defined sequence in the pre-S1 domain Fine mapping of virus-neutralizing epitopes on hepatitis B virus PreS1 Fine mapping of pre-S sequence requirements for hepatitis B virus large envelope protein-mediated receptor interaction Prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in vivo by entry inhibitors derived from the large envelope protein Hepatitis B virus hepatotropism is mediated by specific receptor recognition in the liver and not restricted to susceptible hosts Hepatitis B and D viruses exploit sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide for species-specific entry into hepatocytes Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide mediates woolly monkey hepatitis B virus infection of Tupaia hepatocytes Expression and transport function of drug uptake transporters in differentiated HepaRG cells Molecular and functional characterization of bile acid transport in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells Cyclosporin A and its analogs inhibit hepatitis B virus entry into cultured hepatocytes through targeting a membrane transporter NTCP Evaluation and identification of hepatitis B virus entry inhibitors using HepG2 cells overexpressing a membrane transporter NTCP Molecular determinants of hepatitis B and D virus entry restriction in mouse sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide Cyclosporin A modulates the sensitivity of HIV-1 to host restriction factors Activation and inhibition of cellular calcium and tyrosine kinase signaling pathways identify targets of the HBx protein involved in hepatitis B virus replication Alisporivir, a cyclosporin derivative that selectively inhibits cyclophilin, for the treatment of HCV infection Cyclophilin inhibitors for hepatitis C therapy Ezetimibe blocks hepatitis B virus infection after virus uptake into hepatocytes Structure-activity relationship for FDA approved drugs as inhibitors of the human sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) keywords: acid; bile; cells; entry; hbv; hepatitis; hepatocytes; infection; ntcp; pres1; protein; receptor; virus cache: cord-321481-vrfwczve.txt plain text: cord-321481-vrfwczve.txt item: #516 of 647 id: cord-321584-4bu0lps0 author: Mitchell, Brett G. title: Nurses' and midwives’ cleaning knowledge, attitudes and practices: An Australian study date: 2020-09-30 words: 3386 flesch: 43 summary: Nonetheless, this study provides a useful snapshot of nurses' and midwives' knowledge of infection control and cleaning processes, something that to our knowledge has not been undertaken before. Factors influencing nurses' compliance with Standard Precautions in order to avoid occupational exposure to microorganisms: a focus group study Comprehensive systematic review of healthcare workers' perceptions of risk and use of coping strategies towards emerging respiratory infectious diseases Why healthcare workers don't wash their hands: a behavioral explanation Infection prevention and control: who is the judge, you or the guidelines? Dirt and disgust as key drivers in nurses' infection control behaviours: an interpretative, qualitative study Infection prevention as a show: a qualitative study of nurses' infection prevention behaviours Evaluation of infection prevention and control policies, procedures, and practices: an ethnographic study Hospital staffing and health careeassociated infections: a systematic review of the literature Resourcing hospital infection prevention and control units in Australia: a discussion paper Staff perceptions of the sources and control of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Exploring the context for effective clinical governance in infection control An environmental cleaning bundle and health-careassociated infections in hospitals (REACH): a multicentre, randomised trial Beware biofilm! keywords: cleaning; control; equipment; infection; midwives; nurses; participants cache: cord-321584-4bu0lps0.txt plain text: cord-321584-4bu0lps0.txt item: #517 of 647 id: cord-321756-a7eh4dkb author: Kwofie, Theophilus B title: Respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infection in Ghana date: 2012-04-10 words: 3677 flesch: 42 summary: Rapid and quantitative detection of human adenovirus DNA by real-time PCR Comparison of real-time PCR assays with fluorescent-antibody assays for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections in children Simultaneous detection of influenza viruses A and B using real-time quantitative PCR Respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infection in Ghana Review of infectious diseases Viral respiratory infections and their role as public health problem in tropical countries (review) Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries Update: respiratory syncytial virus activity-United States, 1996-97 season Epidemiology and aetiology of acute bronchiolitis in Hong Kong infants Viral etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children in Northern Taiwan Respiratory adenoviral infections in children: a study of hospitalized cases in southern Taiwan in 2001-2002 Frequent detection of human rhinoviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, and bocavirus during acute respiratory tract infections Detection of a broad range of human adenoviruses in respiratory tract samples using a sensitive multiplex real time PCR assay Adenovirus pneumonia in infants and factors for developing bronchiolitis obliterans: a 5-year follow-up Epidemiology and clinical presentation of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a rural area of southern Mozambique Clinical presentation and severity of viral community-acquired pneumonia in young Nepalese children keywords: acute; children; countries; infections; patients; study; tract; viruses cache: cord-321756-a7eh4dkb.txt plain text: cord-321756-a7eh4dkb.txt item: #518 of 647 id: cord-321835-qn33sx8x author: Bailey, Emily S. title: A Mini Review of the Zoonotic Threat Potential of Influenza Viruses, Coronaviruses, Adenoviruses, and Enteroviruses date: 2018-04-09 words: 3724 flesch: 36 summary: Types of Influenza Viruses Influenza A(H3N2) virus in swine at agricultural fairs and transmission to humans Are people living near modern swine production facilities at increased risk of influenza virus infection? Evidence for cross-species influenza Among the recently emerged respiratory pathogens are influenza viruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses. keywords: cases; disease; human; infection; influenza; novel; outbreak; transmission; viruses cache: cord-321835-qn33sx8x.txt plain text: cord-321835-qn33sx8x.txt item: #519 of 647 id: cord-321949-s1qu3odd author: Anderson, Evan J title: Rotavirus infection in adults date: 2004-01-28 words: 6944 flesch: 31 summary: Rotavirus infection and pathogenicity Acute diarrhoea in adults: a prospective study Enteropathogens associated with acute diarrhea in community and hospital patients in Jakarta, Indonesia Acute gastroenteritis associated with rotavirus in adults Seroepidemiology of human group C rotavirus in the UK Rotavirus infections in adults in association with acute gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis due to rotavirus in an isolated Pacific island group: an epidemic of 3,439 cases Rotavirus epidemic in adults Two sequential outbreaks of rotavirus gastroenteritis: evidence for symptomatic and asymptomatic reinfections An outbreak of rotavirus diarrhea among a nonimmune, isolated South American Indian community Rotavirus infection in a geriatric population An outbreak of rotavirus infection in a long-stay ward of a geriatric hospital Epidemic of viral gastroenteritis in an elderly community An outbreak of rotavirus infection in a geriatric hospital Outbreaks of astrovirus type 1 and rotavirus gastroenteritis in a geriatric inpatient population An epidemic of rotavirusassociated gastroenteritis in a nursing home for the elderly Outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in residential institutions in England and Wales 1992-1994 A community waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak: evidence for rotavirus as the agent Outbreaks of adult gastroenteritis traced to a single genotype of rotavirus Investigation of an outbreak of adult diarrhea rotavirus in China Emergence of adult diarrhoea rotavirus in Calcutta, India Epidemiology, etiology, and impact of traveler's diarrhea in Jamaica Rotavirus in travelers' diarrhea: study of an adult student population in Mexico Human rotavirus in an adult population with travelers' diarrhea and its relationship to the location of food consumption Norwalk virus and rotavirus in travellers' diarrhoea in Mexico Travelers' diarrhea in panamanian tourists in Mexico Traveler's diarrhea associated with rotavirus infection: analysis of virus-specific immunoglobulin classes Human reovirus-like agent infection: occurrence in adult contacts of pediatric patients with gastroenteritis Common exposure outbreak of gastroenteritis due to type 2 rotavirus with high secondary attack rate within families Rotavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in adults Rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in two adults probably caused by virus reinfection Viral infections of the gastrointestinal tract Improved detection of rotavirus shedding by polymerase chain reaction Control of outbreaks of viral diarrhoea in hospitals: a practical approach Extended excretion of rotavirus after severe diarrhoea in young children Oral bacterial therapy reduces the duration of symptoms and of viral excretion in children with mild diarrhea Bacteriotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri in rotavirus gastroenteritis Rotavirus infections: guidelines for treatment and prevention Bismuth subsalicylate in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a clinical study Oral immunoglobulins for treatment of acute rotaviral gastroenteritis Oral administration of human serum immunoglobulin in immunodeficient patients with viral gastroenteritis: a pharmacokinetic and functional analysis Severe rotavirus-associated diarrhoea following bone marrow transplantation: treatment with oral immunoglobulin Rotavirus survival on human hands and transfer of infectious virus to animate and nonporous inanimate surfaces Red book: 2003 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases Infection control for hospitalized children Institutional outbreaks of rotavirus diarrhoea: potential role of fomites and environmental surfaces as vehicles for virus transmission Prevention of surface-to-human transmission of rotaviruses by treatment with disinfectant spray Randomised placebo-controlled trial of rhesushuman reassortant rotavirus vaccine for prevention of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis Efficacy of the rhesus rotavirus-based quadrivalent vaccine in infants and young children in Venezuela Reappraisal of the association of intussusception with the licensed live rotavirus vaccine challenges initial conclusions The first rotavirus vaccine and intussusception: epidemiological studies and policy decisions For personal use. key: cord-321949-s1qu3odd authors: Anderson, Evan J; Weber, Stephen G title: Rotavirus infection in adults date: 2004-01-28 journal: Lancet Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(04)00928-4 sha: doc_id: 321949 cord_uid: s1qu3odd Rotavirus has been recognised for 30 years as the most common cause of infectious gastroenteritis in infants and young children. keywords: acute; adults; antibody; children; colleagues; diarrhoea; disease; gastroenteritis; human; infection; patients; rotavirus; studies; study; symptoms cache: cord-321949-s1qu3odd.txt plain text: cord-321949-s1qu3odd.txt item: #520 of 647 id: cord-322104-f1dukpso author: Niederman, M.S. title: PNEUMONIA | Community Acquired Pneumonia, Bacterial and Other Common Pathogens date: 2006-05-13 words: 10695 flesch: 32 summary: While most studies have focused on the in-hospital mortality of CAP, one recent evaluation of CAP patients over the age of 65 found that while the short-term risk (in-hospital mortality) of illness was an 11% death rate, the mortality rate at 1 year was over 40%, emphasizing that for many patients, CAP is a marker of underlying serious comorbidity, and a predictor of poor outcome, even after hospital discharge, for a variety of reasons. With these data in mind, new guidelines have suggested that CAP patients should not receive the same antibiotic as in the recent past, with a relatively arbitrary cutoff of defining this time interval as 'within the past 3 months'. keywords: cap; disease; factors; gram; illness; immune; infection; mortality; organisms; pathogens; patients; pneumonia; resistance; risk; therapy cache: cord-322104-f1dukpso.txt plain text: cord-322104-f1dukpso.txt item: #521 of 647 id: cord-322380-udjoghr6 author: Nash, Anthony A. title: Early Stages of Infection After Pathogen Entry date: 2015-02-06 words: 5785 flesch: 43 summary: In the basal layer of the epidermis, adjacent to the antibodies and immune cells that arrive from dermal blood vessels, the virus infection is incomplete; in this layer of the epidermis, only a subset of virus genes are transcribed, no virus structural proteins are produced and no virus DNA replication occurs, therefore no virus particles are produced. Neither antibodies nor immune cells are present on this dry surface to influence virus multiplication and shedding. keywords: bacteria; blood; body; cells; host; infection; lymph; microorganisms; response; spread; tissues; virus cache: cord-322380-udjoghr6.txt plain text: cord-322380-udjoghr6.txt item: #522 of 647 id: cord-322899-uxvlagt3 author: Gorji, Ali title: The potential roles of micronutrient deficiency and immune system dysfunction in COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-11-06 words: 4931 flesch: 24 summary: [62] Clinical investigations and in vitro studies have indicated that vitamin A is the main regulator of mucosal immunity and could affect immune responses to mucosal infections. ISRN Infectious Diseases ID 246737 Effects of vitamin a supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes Vitamin-mediated regulation of intestinal immunity High-dose dietary zinc oxide mitigates infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets Effects of dietary vitamin A content on antibody responses of feedlot calves inoculated intramuscularly with an inactivated bovine coronavirus vaccine Epithelia-damaging virus infections affect vitamin A status in chickens Metabolism of Dietary and Microbial Vitamin B Family in the Regulation of Host Immunity The effects of vitamin B on the immune/cytokine network and their involvement in depression Vitamin B5 reduces bacterial growth via regulating innate immunity and adaptive immunity in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Effects of vitamin B6 deficiency on the composition and functional potential of T cell populations Inflammation, vitamin B6 and related pathways keywords: cells; covid-19; deficiency; host; immune; infection; micronutrients; patients; response; system; virus; vitamin; zinc cache: cord-322899-uxvlagt3.txt plain text: cord-322899-uxvlagt3.txt item: #523 of 647 id: cord-323112-e78zpa9c author: WATERER, Grant title: Respiratory infections: A current and future threat date: 2009-07-16 words: 2673 flesch: 29 summary: key: cord-323112-e78zpa9c authors: WATERER, Grant; WUNDERINK, Richard title: Respiratory infections: A current and future threat date: 2009-07-16 journal: Respirology DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01554.x sha: doc_id: 323112 cord_uid: e78zpa9c Despite all the medical progress in the last 50 years pulmonary infections continue to exact and extremely high human and economic cost. In this final article in the pulmonary infectious diseases series we will discuss why pulmonary infections remain a major health problem and are likely to continue to be so well into the foreseeable future. keywords: community; infections; influenza; new; pathogens; patients; pneumonia cache: cord-323112-e78zpa9c.txt plain text: cord-323112-e78zpa9c.txt item: #524 of 647 id: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx author: Kahn, R. E. title: 6th International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses date: 2012-09-07 words: 19173 flesch: 32 summary: Such research begins with either in vitro studies of virus replication on cell lines or primary cell cultures, moving to nonhuman primate models of virus infection. Already, a good understanding of the 'timing' and extent of immune (innate)-mediated injury after virus infection has been achieved. keywords: analysis; animal; avian; bats; bse; cell; disease; emergence; et al; fever; food; h5n1; health; host; human; infection; influenza; influenza viruses; laboratory; new; pandemic; pathogens; pigs; potential; presentation; professor; public; research; response; risk; species; states; studies; study; swine; system; transmission; united; virus; viruses; zoonotic cache: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx.txt plain text: cord-323311-xl2fv0qx.txt item: #525 of 647 id: cord-323463-osf6t7cw author: Cercenado, Emilia title: Update on bacterial pathogens: virulence and resistance date: 2008-04-30 words: 15034 flesch: 38 summary: CA-MRSA infections refer to MRSA infections in patients lacking established MRSA risk factors and without a previous history of MRSA infection or colonization: they do not have a medical history in the past year of hospitalization, healthcare-related admission (to a nursing home, skilled nursing facility or hospice), dialysis, surgery, or implantation of a permanent indwelling catheter or other medical devices 8, 14 . However, there is now an increasing number of reports of MRSA infections in the community that have not escaped from the hospitals, and no longer can MRSA be considered as an exclusively nosocomial pathogen. keywords: aureus; authors; cases; children; community; control; disease; hospital; incidence; infections; isolates; mrsa; patients; pertussis; resistance; samples; staphylococcus; strains; study; treatment; use; vaccination; vaccine; vancomycin cache: cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt plain text: cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt item: #526 of 647 id: cord-323551-22v2hn3v author: Galanti, M. title: Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups date: 2019-04-15 words: 3121 flesch: 36 summary: key: cord-323551-22v2hn3v authors: Galanti, M.; Birger, R.; Ud-Dean, M.; Filip, I.; Morita, H.; Comito, D.; Anthony, S.; Freyer, G. A.; Ibrahim, S.; Lane, B.; Matienzo, N.; Ligon, C.; Rabadan, R.; Shittu, A.; Tagne, E.; Shaman, J. title: Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups date: 2019-04-15 journal: Epidemiol Infect DOI: 10.1017/s0950268819000505 sha: doc_id: 323551 cord_uid: 22v2hn3v Respiratory viral infections are a leading cause of disease worldwide. These findings indicate a high burden of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection exists in the general population. keywords: age; asymptomatic; children; individuals; infections; symptoms; viruses cache: cord-323551-22v2hn3v.txt plain text: cord-323551-22v2hn3v.txt item: #527 of 647 id: cord-323643-lu3ngt6r author: Chow, C.B. title: Post-SARS infection control in the hospital and clinic date: 2004-11-05 words: 4450 flesch: 48 summary: Supplement I: Infection Control in Healthcare, Home and Community Setting SARS and masks SARS respiratory protection: update SARS transmission among hospital workers in Hong Kong Effective personal protective clothing for health care workers attending patients with SARS SARS and removal of personal protective equipment Current concepts: The severe acute respiratory syndrome Risk factors for SARS in HCWs following intubation of SARS patients -a retrospective multi-centre study. Using mathematical and statistical models it was estimated that 71.1% and 74.8% of SARS infections in Hong Kong and Singapore were attributable to super-spreading events. keywords: control; days; hong; infection; kong; patients; risk; sars; syndrome; transmission cache: cord-323643-lu3ngt6r.txt plain text: cord-323643-lu3ngt6r.txt item: #528 of 647 id: cord-323668-evzzfu04 author: Yin, Zhixin title: lncRNA expression signatures in response to enterovirus 71 infection date: 2013-01-11 words: 3513 flesch: 46 summary: To identify the cellular long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the host response to EV71 infection, we performed comprehensive lncRNA and mRNA profiling in EV71-infected rhabdomyosarcoma cells through microarray. The results provided information for further research on the prevention and treatment of EV71 infection, as well as on distinguishing severe and mild EV71 cases. keywords: analysis; cells; ev71; expression; genes; host; infection; lncrnas; pairs; response cache: cord-323668-evzzfu04.txt plain text: cord-323668-evzzfu04.txt item: #529 of 647 id: cord-324148-bllyruh8 author: Loubet, Paul title: Characteristics of human metapneumovirus infection in adults hospitalized for community-acquired influenza-like illness in France, 2012-2018: a retrospective observational study date: 2020-04-10 words: 1553 flesch: 40 summary: This was a retrospective, observational, multicenter cohort study using prospectively collected data from adult patients hospitalized during influenza virus circulation, for at least 24h, for community-acquired ILI (with symptom onset <7 days). In our post-hoc analysis of 3148 hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired ILI, 211 hMPV was found in 3% of the samples. keywords: hmpv; infection; influenza; patients cache: cord-324148-bllyruh8.txt plain text: cord-324148-bllyruh8.txt item: #530 of 647 id: cord-324301-bzrh2fni author: Zambon, Maria title: Influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and SARS date: 2005-05-01 words: 2979 flesch: 39 summary: The Japanese experience with vaccinating school children against influenza Neuraminidase sequence analysis and susceptibilities of influenza virus clinical isolates to zanamivir and oseltamivir Age related differences in humoral immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Confirmation of a novel corona virus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome Zoonotic infections involving several different subtypes of influenza have occurred in the last few years, indicating the pandemic potential of influenza viruses circulating in domestic poultry. keywords: disease; humans; illness; infection; influenza; rsv; virus cache: cord-324301-bzrh2fni.txt plain text: cord-324301-bzrh2fni.txt item: #531 of 647 id: cord-324333-huris8br author: Lee, Na Hyun title: Clinical usefulness of serum procalcitonin level in distinguishing between Kawasaki disease and other infections in febrile children date: 2017-04-25 words: 3325 flesch: 43 summary: The aim of this study was to report our experience about PCT levels in febrile children with KD and those with bacterial or viral infections, and the clinical usefulness of PCT level in predicting KD. The number of patients with PCT levels <0.25 ng/mL and >1.0 ng/mL was significantly different between the KD and viral infection groups (P=0.001) and between the viral infection and bacterial infection groups (P<0.001), but not between the KD and bacterial infection groups (P=0.099). keywords: infection; levels; patients; pct cache: cord-324333-huris8br.txt plain text: cord-324333-huris8br.txt item: #532 of 647 id: cord-324398-68je1l3o author: Kashiwazaki, Hiromi title: Spongiform degeneration induced by neuropathogenic murine coronavirus infection date: 2011-01-23 words: 4701 flesch: 36 summary: Occasionally viral antigenbearing cells in the SVZ were observed extending their cytoplasm to the ventricle (black arrow in Fig. 2c) . We recently reported that the initial expressions of viral antigens in the brain are detected in the infiltrating monocyte lineage and in ependymal cells. keywords: antigens; area; brain; cells; fig; infection; lesions; murine; srr7; svz; virus cache: cord-324398-68je1l3o.txt plain text: cord-324398-68je1l3o.txt item: #533 of 647 id: cord-324635-27q3nxte author: Bouza, Emilio title: The situation of infection in the elderly in Spain: a multidisciplinary opinion document date: 2020-09-08 words: 15951 flesch: 42 summary: In a study conducted in China, in 6 sentinel hospitals, it was observed that 31.64% of elderly patients with respiratory infection had a viral aetiology (41.8% among extra-hospital infections and 25.7% among fecting the elderly vary depending on the clinical environment (home, nursing home, hospital) and the functional status of the patient. It is interesting to note the safety of using the same therapeutic options in elderly patients, including faecal microbiota transplantation [29, 30] . keywords: age; care; cases; community; control; data; diseases; emergency; health; healthcare; homes; hospital; infections; information; life; nursing; patients; people; pneumonia; population; prevalence; prevention; problems; spain; spanish; study; term; tract; treatment; use; years cache: cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt plain text: cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt item: #534 of 647 id: cord-324775-3x5os79m author: Crowe, J.E. title: Human Respiratory Viruses date: 2008-07-30 words: 5719 flesch: 41 summary: Respiratory virus infections of humans are the most common and frequent infections of man. The anatomy and the cell types of the respiratory tract dictate to a large degree the type of disease observed during respiratory virus infection. keywords: cause; cell; children; disease; human; illness; infection; influenza; rsv; tract; virus; viruses cache: cord-324775-3x5os79m.txt plain text: cord-324775-3x5os79m.txt item: #535 of 647 id: cord-324788-echu0zmf author: Aich, Palok title: Modern approaches to understanding stress and disease susceptibility: A review with special emphasis on respiratory disease date: 2009-07-30 words: 7673 flesch: 30 summary: The current review focuses on (a) the effects of psychological stressors in humans and animals, (b) various methodologies employed to understand stress responses and their outcomes, and (c) the current status of the attempts to correlate stress and disease with respiratory disease as model system. Stress responses usually include physical perturbations that can encompass either the entire body or specifi c cellular compartments. keywords: ammatory; analysis; approaches; bovine; calves; disease; effects; expression; infection; infl; response; stress; stressors; studies; susceptibility; system; viral cache: cord-324788-echu0zmf.txt plain text: cord-324788-echu0zmf.txt item: #536 of 647 id: cord-324880-s1oqkqef author: Xu, Lili title: A fatal case associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in a young child date: 2018-05-11 words: 3289 flesch: 41 summary: RSV infections: state of the art The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children Updated guidance for Palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection Predicting deterioration in previously healthy infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection Examination of neurological prognostic markers in patients with respiratory syncytial virus-associated encephalopathy Metagenomic analysis of viral genetic diversity in respiratory samples from children with severe acute respiratory infection in China Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases Structure of RSV fusion glycoprotein trimer bound to a prefusion-specific neutralizing antibody Neutralizing epitopes on the respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein Extrapulmonary manifestations of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection-a systematic review Risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus associated apnoea Neurological complications of respiratory syncytial virus infection: case series and review of literature Reflex apnoea response and inflammatory mediators in infants with respiratory tract infection Detection of subgroup B respiratory syncytial virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia Respiratory syncytial virus-related encephalitis: magnetic resonance imaging findings with diffusion-weighted study The Spectrum and burden of influenza-associated neurological disease in children: combined encephalitis and influenza sentinel site surveillance from Australia PCR on cerebrospinal fluid to show influenzaassociated acute encephalopathy or encephalitis Influenza-associated acute encephalopathy in Japanese children in 1994-2002 Neurologic complications associated with novel influenza a (H1N1) virus infection in children Encephalitis and encephalopathy associated with an influenza epidemic in Japan Detection of influenza virus RNA by reverse transcription-PCR and proinflammatory cytokines in influenza-virus-associated encephalopathy This study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Beijing Children's Hospital. key: cord-324880-s1oqkqef authors: Xu, Lili; Gao, Hengmiao; Zeng, Jiansheng; Liu, Jun; Lu, Cong; Guan, Xiaolei; Qian, Suyun; Xie, Zhengde title: A fatal case associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in a young child date: 2018-05-11 journal: BMC Infect Dis DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3123-8 sha: doc_id: 324880 cord_uid: s1oqkqef BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral cause of pediatric bronchiolitis and pneumonia worldwide. keywords: disease; encephalitis; fever; infection; influenza; patient; rsv; symptoms; virus cache: cord-324880-s1oqkqef.txt plain text: cord-324880-s1oqkqef.txt item: #537 of 647 id: cord-324923-29kudfjp author: Sarma, U. title: Quantitative modeling and analysis show country-specific quarantine measures can circumvent COVID19 infection spread post lockdown date: 2020-05-26 words: 5898 flesch: 47 summary: This indicates different countries may have different infection spread dynamics after the lockdown is lifted. Here, in order to explore social, economic and demographic factors which may influence infection rate of the model, we extracted medical infrastructure, health care spending, demography and population density datasets for all the 23 countries and a correlation analysis based on linear correlation were performed. keywords: countries; infection; license; lockdown; population; preprint; quarantine; rate; time cache: cord-324923-29kudfjp.txt plain text: cord-324923-29kudfjp.txt item: #538 of 647 id: cord-324950-ux7shvji author: Saade, Georges title: Coinfections and their molecular consequences in the porcine respiratory tract date: 2020-06-16 words: 11756 flesch: 32 summary: Microorganisms associated with pneumonia in slaughter weight swine Retrospective analysis of etiologic agents associated with respiratory diseases in pigs Infectious agents associated with respiratory diseases in 125 farrow-to-finish pig herds: a cross-sectional study Transcriptome analysis of porcine thymus following porcine cytomegalovirus infection Interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary pneumocystosis and concurrent infections in pigs in Jeju Island Longitudinal study of respiratory infection patterns of breeding sows in five farrow-to-finish herds Bacterial pathogens associated with lung lesions in slaughter pigs from 125 herds Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae Porcine alveolar macrophage-like cells are pro-inflammatory pulmonary intravascular macrophages that produce large titers of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system Infection of monocytes with European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-1) strain Lena is significantly enhanced by dexamethasone and IL-10 Phenotypic and functional modulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus productively infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells and compromises their antigen-presenting ability Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Type 1.3 Lena triggers conventional dendritic cells 1 activation and T helper 1 immune response without infecting dendritic cells Dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages: a unified nomenclature based on ontogeny PRRS virus receptors and their role for pathogenesis Molecular cloning of porcine Siglec-3, Siglec-5 and Siglec-10, and identification of Siglec-10 as an alternative receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Involvement of sialoadhesin in entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages Gene-edited pigs are protected from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Replacement of porcine CD163 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain 5 with a CD163-Like homolog confers resistance of pigs to genotype 1 but not genotype 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Direct interaction between CD163 N-terminal domain and MYH9 C-terminal domain contributes to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus internalization by permissive cells Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: correlations with pathogenicity Increased production of proinflammatory cytokines following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus field isolates differ in in vitro interferon phenotypes Cytokine profiles and phenotype regulation of antigen presenting cells by genotype-I porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates Strain-dependent porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) entry and replication in T-lymphoblasts Cell tropism and entry of porcine circovirus 2 Porcine circovirus diseases Characteristics of porcine circovirus-2 replication in lymphoid organs of pigs inoculated in late gestation or postnatally and possible relation to clinical and pathological outcome of infection Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) distribution and replication in tissues and immune cells in early infected pigs Porcine circovirus type 2 displays pluripotency in cell targeting Dendritic cells harbor infectious porcine circovirus type 2 in the absence of apparent cell modulation or replication of the virus Association of lymphopenia with porcine circovirus type 2 induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) Cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in response to mitogen, superantigen or recall viral antigens Distribution and characterization of IL-10-secreting cells in lymphoid tissues of PCV2-infected pigs Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) viral components immunomodulate recall antigen responses Subset-dependent modulation of dendritic cell activity by circovirus type 2 Review: influenza virus in pigs Influenza The impact of animal age, bacterial coinfection, and isolate pathogenicity on the shedding of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in aerosols from experimentally infected pigs Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae possesses an antiviral activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Enriched housing reduces disease susceptibility to co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A. pleuropneumoniae) in young pigs Dual infections of PRRSV/influenza or PRRSV/Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in the respiratory tract Polybacterial human disease: the ills of social networking How viral and intracellular bacterial pathogens reprogram the metabolism of host cells to allow their intracellular replication Intra-species and inter-species differences in cytokine production by porcine antigen-presenting cells stimulated by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Viral interference and interferon Type I interferons in infectious disease Type III interferons in viral infection and antiviral immunity The roles of type I interferon in bacterial infection A role for IFN-alpha beta in virus infection-induced sensitization to endotoxin Influenza trains the host for enhanced susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection Type I interferon induction during influenza virus infection increases susceptibility to secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by negative regulation of γδ T cells Intrinsic interference: non-interferon mediated viral interference Virus-bacteria interactions: implications and potential for the applied and agricultural sciences The antiviral and antitumor effects of defective interfering particles/genomes and their mechanisms RNAi, a new therapeutic strategy against viral infection Non-specific dsRNA-mediated antiviral response in the honey bee Roles of nonstructural polyproteins and cleavage products in regulating Sindbis virus RNA replication and transcription Superinfection prevents recombination of the alphaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 1 Classical swine fever virus vs. classical swine fever virus: the superinfection exclusion phenomenon in experimentally infected wild boar Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) influences infection dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) subtypes PCV2a and PCV2b by prolonging PCV2 viremia and shedding Microbiome associations in pigs with the best and worst clinical outcomes following co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) keywords: bacteria; cells; coinfections; disease; host; hyopneumoniae; infection; interactions; pathogens; pcv2; pigs; pleuropneumoniae; porcine; prrsv; response; studies; syndrome; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-324950-ux7shvji.txt plain text: cord-324950-ux7shvji.txt item: #539 of 647 id: cord-325172-a8ntxnmm author: Yip, Ming Shum title: Antibody-dependent infection of human macrophages by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus date: 2014-05-06 words: 5798 flesch: 36 summary: A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis Quantitative mRNA expression profiling of ACE 2, a novel homologue of angiotensin converting enzyme CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN Antibodies against trimeric S glycoprotein protect hamsters against SARS-CoV challenge despite their capacity to mediate FcgammaRII-dependent entry into B cells in vitro Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH-and cysteine protease-independent FcgammaR pathway Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro Monoclonal antibodies to the spike protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of infection of feline macrophages Mechanisms and results of the antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infections and role in the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B-induced diseases Antibody-mediated enhancement of viral disease Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications Mapping epitopes of human Fc gamma RII (CDw32) with monoclonal antibodies and recombinant receptors Severe acute respiratory syndrome Writing Committee of the Second World Health Organization Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Human Infection with Avian Influenza AV An influenza A H1N1 virus revivalpandemic H1N1/09 virus Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Human infection with a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus Origin and diversity of novel avian influenza A H7N9 viruses causing human infection: phylogenetic, structural, and coalescent analyses Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS SARScoronavirus replicates in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood (PBMCs) from SARS patients SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. keywords: ade; anti; antibody; cells; cov; covpp; human; immune; infection; macrophages; mouse; sars; serum; spike; virus cache: cord-325172-a8ntxnmm.txt plain text: cord-325172-a8ntxnmm.txt item: #540 of 647 id: cord-325436-pp3q022y author: Alkhatib, Ahmad title: Antiviral Functional Foods and Exercise Lifestyle Prevention of Coronavirus date: 2020-08-28 words: 7492 flesch: 27 summary: [7] . Increased intake is recommended in high-risk individuals Protein rich foods (e.g., red meat, chicken, seafood) Amino acids and peptides: Anserine, carnosine, taurine, creatine, and 4-hydroxyproline, vitamins, iron, copper Dietary intake of anserine and carnosine promote immunological defence against infections by bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses (and coronavirus) through enhanced immune cell functions of monocytes and macrophages Adequate dietary intake, and supplementation of such functional foods, contribute to maintaining optimal levels in the human body, which enhances several aspects of the immune system [7, 45] , and provides an important antiviral prevention of COVID-19 keywords: acid; activity; cells; covid-19; diabetes; exercise; foods; immune; infections; influenza; intake; lifestyle; prevention; risk; system; virus; vitamin cache: cord-325436-pp3q022y.txt plain text: cord-325436-pp3q022y.txt item: #541 of 647 id: cord-325613-oamw57gx author: Zhong, Peipei title: Clinical characteristics of the lower respiratory tract infection caused by a single infection or coinfection of the human parainfluenza virus in children date: 2019-05-29 words: 1965 flesch: 39 summary: 18, 22 Children aged less than 3 years had a higher positive rate of HPIV compared with children older than 3 years, indicating that young children are vulnerable to respiratory infection. Influenza Other Respir Viruses Evaluation of epidemiological and clinical features of influenza and other respiratory viruses Clinical evaluation of viral acute respiratory tract infections in children presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital in the Netherlands Prevalence of respiratory viruses among children hospitalized from respiratory infections in Shenzhen, China Virological and clinical characterizations of respiratory infections in hospitalized children Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized infants and young children in Severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and toddlers from a non-affluent population: viral etiology and co-detection as risk factors Human bocaviruses: possible etiologic role in respiratory infection Viral respiratory infections in hospitalized and community control children in Alaska Coinfections of the respiratory tract: viral competition for resources Respiratory viral coinfection and disease severity in children: a systematic review and metaanalysis Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children. keywords: children; coinfection; hpiv; infections; viruses cache: cord-325613-oamw57gx.txt plain text: cord-325613-oamw57gx.txt item: #542 of 647 id: cord-326138-16kpn9db author: Weinstein, Robert A. title: Laboratory-Acquired Infections date: 2009-07-01 words: 3652 flesch: 35 summary: Laboratory infections due to a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, fungi, and parasites have been described in the literature. In the United States, Brucella infection is one of the most common laboratory-acquired infections, accounting for 24% of laboratory-acquired bacterial infections and 11% of deaths due to laboratory infection keywords: cases; disease; exposure; infections; laboratory; risk; states; united; workers cache: cord-326138-16kpn9db.txt plain text: cord-326138-16kpn9db.txt item: #543 of 647 id: cord-326328-9w2p3xla author: JENKINS, IAN A. title: Infections of the airway date: 2009-06-25 words: 6315 flesch: 37 summary: Retropharyngeal abscesses are more common in young children and this may be because lymph tissue in this area involutes and atrophies in older patients (13) . The use of cuffed tubes, even in young children, has been shown to be safe (20) (21) (22) . keywords: abscess; abscesses; acute; airway; children; condition; croup; epiglottitis; infections; lemierre; management; treatment; use; year cache: cord-326328-9w2p3xla.txt plain text: cord-326328-9w2p3xla.txt item: #544 of 647 id: cord-326887-lyewg2c9 author: Bloomfield, Sally F. title: The effectiveness of hand hygiene procedures in reducing the risks of infections in home and community settings including handwashing and alcohol-based hand sanitizers date: 2007-12-10 words: 23434 flesch: 42 summary: This report reviews the evidence base related to the impact of hand hygiene in reducing transmission of ID in the home and community. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Hand hygiene is a key component of good hygiene practice in the home and community and can produce significant benefits in terms of reducing the incidence of infection, most particularly gastrointestinal infections but also respiratory tract and skin infections. keywords: abhs; care; community; contact; contamination; data; food; hand hygiene; hands; handwashing; health; home; hygiene; illness; infection; intervention; log; mrsa; pathogens; reduction; risk; studies; study; surfaces; transmission; viruses cache: cord-326887-lyewg2c9.txt plain text: cord-326887-lyewg2c9.txt item: #545 of 647 id: cord-326961-ti6mrzxf author: Aly, Mariam Mohsen title: Impact of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on Egyptian dentists’ fear and dental practice (a cross-sectional survey) date: 2020-10-12 words: 2887 flesch: 40 summary: An online survey was submitted to dental professionals. COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on dental professionals. keywords: covid-19; dental; dentists; fear; infection; study cache: cord-326961-ti6mrzxf.txt plain text: cord-326961-ti6mrzxf.txt item: #546 of 647 id: cord-327493-v2iatbol author: Kwon, Hyo Jin title: Clinical manifestations of respiratory adenoviral infection among hospitalized children in Korea date: 2013-08-05 words: 2824 flesch: 37 summary: Our study demonstrates that respiratory adenovirus infections are an important cause of hospitalization in young children, and contribute to a significant morbidity. In 2007, adenovirus infections occurred endemically throughout the year. keywords: adenovirus; children; fever; infection; patients; study cache: cord-327493-v2iatbol.txt plain text: cord-327493-v2iatbol.txt item: #547 of 647 id: cord-327888-4g3x5dje author: Yuan, C. T. title: Perceptions of hand hygiene practices in China date: 2009-02-28 words: 3593 flesch: 34 summary: Limited numbers and qualification of hospital infection control staff was also cited as a challenge, but the lack of organisational influence of the departments and their staff were most problematic. Elevating the place of infection control on the hospital organisational chart and changing the paradigm of surveillance to continuous monitoring and effective data feedback are central to achieving improved hand hygiene practices and quality of care. keywords: control; hand; hospital; hygiene; infection; practices; staff cache: cord-327888-4g3x5dje.txt plain text: cord-327888-4g3x5dje.txt item: #548 of 647 id: cord-328196-fpk9elm8 author: Sykes, Jane E. title: Immunodeficiencies Caused by Infectious Diseases date: 2010-05-13 words: 5209 flesch: 25 summary: Pathogenesis and immunopathology of systemic and nervous canine distemper Tropism illuminated: lymphocyte-based pathways blazed by lethal morbillivirus through the host immune system Receptor (SLAM [CD150]) recognition and the V protein sustain swift lymphocyte-based invasion of mucosal tissue and lymphatic organs by morbillivirus Lymphocyte-mediated immune cytotoxicity in dogs infected with virulent canine distemper virus Immunohistochemical analysis of the lymphoid organs of dogs naturally infected with canine distemper virus Phenotypical characterization of T and B cell areas in lymphoid tissues of dogs with spontaneous distemper Metaphyseal bone lesions in young dogs with systemic canine distemper virus infection Distemper virus infection in ferrets: an animal model of measles-induced immunosuppression Immunohistochemical demonstration of the putative canine distemper virus receptor CD150 in dogs with and without distemper Canine distemper virusinduced depletion of uninfected lymphocytes is associated with apoptosis Immunomodulatory properties of morbillivirus nucleoproteins Receptor interactions, tropism, and mechanisms involved in morbillivirus-induced immunomodulation Incidence of salmonellae in feces of dogs suffering from distemper Canine distemper as a predisposing factor for Nocardia asteroides infection in the dog Nocardiosis: an overview and additional report of 28 cases in cattle and dogs Pneumocystosis associated with canine distemper virus infection in a mink Neospora caninum infection in a free-ranging raccoon (Procyon lotor) with concurrent canine distemper virus infection Parvovirus infection in domestic companion animals Parvovirus host range, cell tropism and evolution Experimental canine parvovirus infection in dogs Canine parvovirus infection potentiates canine distemper encephalitis attributable to modified live-virus vaccine Feline Panleukopenia. Although CDV infects a variety of different cell types, including epithelial, mesenchymal, neuroendocrine, and hematopoietic cells, the marked tropism of CDV for immune cells is critical in respect to its ability to cause immunosuppression. keywords: canine; cats; cells; distemper; dogs; feline; felv; function; host; immunodeficiency; immunosuppression; infection; virus cache: cord-328196-fpk9elm8.txt plain text: cord-328196-fpk9elm8.txt item: #549 of 647 id: cord-328287-3qgzulgj author: Moni, Mohammad Ali title: Network-based analysis of comorbidities risk during an infection: SARS and HIV case studies date: 2014-10-24 words: 10661 flesch: 39 summary: The list of disorders, disease genes, and associations between them were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) [58] , a compendium of human disease genes and phenotypes (see details in the Methods section). keywords: cancer; comorbidities; comorbidity; cov; data; disease; expression; file; genes; hiv; human; infection; network; pathways; protein; risk; sars; table cache: cord-328287-3qgzulgj.txt plain text: cord-328287-3qgzulgj.txt item: #550 of 647 id: cord-328720-o9h1vquo author: Davis, Cristina E. title: Breath analysis for respiratory infections date: 2020-09-18 words: 5835 flesch: 40 summary: Parallel animal model studies have provided insight into human breath biomarker studies. TB is one of the respiratory diseases for which breath analysis studies have been performed in both humans and animal models. keywords: analysis; biomarkers; breath; disease; fungal; human; infection; influenza; patients; samples; studies; study; virus cache: cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt plain text: cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt item: #551 of 647 id: cord-328795-rs1sd42z author: Falsey, Ann R. title: Rhinoviruses date: 2016-10-24 words: 4514 flesch: 40 summary: Infection of the upper airways is the most common site of infection, although lower airways disease is also well documented, as is the link between HRV infection and exacerbations of asthma. Infection of the upper airways is the most common site of infection, although lower airways disease is also now well documented, as is the link between HRV infection and exacerbations of asthma. keywords: asthma; disease; hrv; illness; infection; rhinovirus; symptoms; turner cache: cord-328795-rs1sd42z.txt plain text: cord-328795-rs1sd42z.txt item: #552 of 647 id: cord-329263-o5e2go23 author: Kaplan, Nasser M. title: Molecular epidemiology and disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus in relation to other potential pathogens in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in Jordan date: 2007-11-26 words: 4176 flesch: 43 summary: Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus: Rapid identification of subgroup A lineages The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children Identification of a tenth mRNA of respiratory syncytial virus and assignment of polypeptides to the 10 viral genes Respiratory syncytial virus Detection of microorganisms in the tracheal aspirates of preterm infants by polymerase chain reaction: Association of adenovirus with bronchopulmonary dysplasia Respiratory syncytial virus genotypes and disease severity among children in hospital Human metapneumovirus infection in young children hospitalized with respiratory tract disease Human metapneumovirus in severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis Rapid identification of nine microorganisms causing acute respiratory tract infections by single tube multiplex reverse transcription-PCR: Feasibility study Occurrence of groups A and B of respiratory syncytial virus over 15 years: Associated epidemiologic and clinical characteristics in hospitalized and ambulatory children Rhinovirus and the lower respiratory tract Human bocavirus infection among children Human metapneumovirus associated with respiratory tract infections in a 3-year study of nasal swabs from infants in Italy Rapid detection of respiratory viruses by centrifugation enhanced cultures from children with acute lower respiratory tract infections Epidemiological profile and clinical associations of human bocavirus and other human parvoviruses Enhanced detection of respiratory syncytial virus by shell vial in children hospitalized with respiratory illnesses in Northern Jordan Two distinct subtypes of human respiratory syncytial virus Evaluation of the antibody specificities of human convalescent-phase sera against the attachment (G) protein of human respiratory syncytial virus: Influence of strain variation and carbohydrate side chains Association of rhinovirus infection with increased disease severity in acute bronchiolitis Circulation patterns of genetically distinct group A and B strains of human respiratory syncytial virus in a community Circulation patterns of group A and B human respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in 5 communities in North America Standard case management of pneumonia in children in developing countries: The cornerstone of the acute respiratory infection programme Dual infection in infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is associated with severe bronchiolitis Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus in children over two seasons with a high incidence of respiratory infections in Brazil Bronchiolitis-associated mortality and estimates of respiratory syncytial virus-associated deaths among US children, 1979-1997 Evidence of human coronavirus HKU1 and human bocavirus in Australian children Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections among children in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Analysis of respiratory syncytial virus genetic variability with amplified cDNAs Rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosis of infections by influenza A and influenza B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1, 2,3 and 4 Molecular epidemiology of human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A over a six-year period (1999-2004) in Argentina Respiratory viruses seasonality in children under five years of age in Severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection is related to virus strain Human metapneumovirus infections cause similar symptoms and clinical severity as respiratory syncytial virus infections Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples Respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in children with acute respiratory infections in Yemen Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infections in Jordan Frequent detection of human rhinoviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses and bocavirus during acute respiratory tract infections Respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A in hospitalized children in Zarqa Natural reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus does not boost virus-specific T-cell immunity WHO estimates of the causes of death in children Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus Respiratory syncytial virus heterogeneity during an epidemic: Analysis by limited nucleotide sequencing (SH gene) and restriction mapping (N gene) keywords: acute; children; disease; hrsv; infection; rhinovirus; study; virus cache: cord-329263-o5e2go23.txt plain text: cord-329263-o5e2go23.txt item: #553 of 647 id: cord-329904-e05ywn5e author: Jose, Merin title: Fatal Superimposed Bacterial Sepsis in a Healthy Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patient date: 2020-05-29 words: 2259 flesch: 42 summary: Superimposed bacterial infection has not been a frequently reported feature of this infection so far. Our emphasis from this case report is to highlight the risk of superimposed bacterial infection in COVID-19 patients. keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; disease; infection; patients; sars cache: cord-329904-e05ywn5e.txt plain text: cord-329904-e05ywn5e.txt item: #554 of 647 id: cord-331413-fejho1of author: Nakayama, Eiichi title: Rapid optimization of antimicrobial chemotherapy given to pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia using PCR techniques with serology and standard culture date: 2007-12-31 words: 3958 flesch: 36 summary: The median values (50%) of the white blood cell count (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) using the box-and-whisker and plot method, respectively, were 11.7 × 103 mm−3 and 1.4mg/dl in viral infections, 15.6 × 103 mm−3 and 4.8mg/dl in mixed infections with virus and bacteria, 17.8 × 103 mm−3 and 6.3mg/dl in bacterial infections, 6.7 × 103 mm−3 and 1.4mg/dl in M. pneumoniae infections, and 21.5 × 103 mm−3 and 6.4mg/dl in mixed infections with M. pneumoniae and other bacterial infections. Sulbactam/ampicillin (n =61), carbapenems (n =12), and ceftriaxone (n =7) were selected for the patients suspected of having bacterial infections alone or mixed infections with bacterial and viruses in accordance with our criteria defined tentatively. keywords: bacterial; cases; children; infections; pathogens; patients; pcr; pneumoniae cache: cord-331413-fejho1of.txt plain text: cord-331413-fejho1of.txt item: #555 of 647 id: cord-331500-l3hkn2li author: Luyt, Charles-Edouard title: Pulmonary infections complicating ARDS date: 2020-11-11 words: 7549 flesch: 20 summary: However, some preventive measures deserve a special focus in the context of ARDS patients (Fig. 6) : (1) oral care with chlorhexidine is suspected to worsen respiratory failure; (2) selective digestive decontamination (SDD) deserves to be discussed in such high-risk patients, as it has been proven to be effective in reducing mortality in ICU patients and likely lowers VAP rates. Acute respiratory distress syndrome Changes in prevalence of health care-associated infections in US Hospitals Ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU mortality in severe ARDS patients ventilated according to a lung-protective strategy Ventilator-associated pneumonia in ARDS patients: the impact of prone positioning. keywords: acute; ards; care; ecmo; icu; infection; lung; patients; pneumonia; pulmonary; risk; syndrome; trial; vap; ventilator cache: cord-331500-l3hkn2li.txt plain text: cord-331500-l3hkn2li.txt item: #556 of 647 id: cord-331673-xv1tcugl author: Reina, Giacomo title: Hard Nanomaterials in Time of Viral Pandemics date: 2020-07-15 words: 15723 flesch: 39 summary: Different functionalized CDs were prepared to hamper host cell viral entry. Overall, graphene materials have shown a good capacity to block host cell viral entry. keywords: activity; agents; agnps; cells; drug; effect; entry; fullerene; hiv; hnms; host; host cells; immune; infection; influenza; inhibition; interaction; mechanism; nanoparticles; replication; response; silver; surface; virus; viruses; vitro cache: cord-331673-xv1tcugl.txt plain text: cord-331673-xv1tcugl.txt item: #557 of 647 id: cord-331827-amg309uz author: Keske, Şiran title: Human metapneumovirus infection: Diagnostic impact of radiologic imaging date: 2019-02-01 words: 1610 flesch: 34 summary: Radiologic findings of hMPV infection have not been reported to be different from other viral pathogens in studies with high sample sizes; 8 however, it has been reported that studies including radiologic findings of hMPV infections were commonly done among immunocompromised hosts. Clinical LRSI is a syndrome characterized by symptoms consistent with respiratory tract infection (such as fever, cough, sputum, and dyspnea) and lung auscultation findings (crackles, rhonchus, and decreased lung sounds). keywords: findings; hmpv; infection; metapneumovirus; patients cache: cord-331827-amg309uz.txt plain text: cord-331827-amg309uz.txt item: #558 of 647 id: cord-332344-upsn0zb4 author: Jeswin, Joseph title: Proteomic analysis by iTRAQ in red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, hematopoietic tissue cells post white spot syndrome virus infection date: 2016-02-01 words: 5898 flesch: 36 summary: Similarly, in our study the up-regulation of CK1 might be indicative of its interaction with WSSV proteins. WSSV envelope proteins like VP28 and VP19 were previously reported to be threonine phosphorylated keywords: cells; crayfish; expression; host; hpi; hpt; infection; kinase; min; pathway; protein; replication; role; shrimp; virus; wssv cache: cord-332344-upsn0zb4.txt plain text: cord-332344-upsn0zb4.txt item: #559 of 647 id: cord-332379-340wczmq author: Pennington, Matthew R. title: Disparate Entry of Adenoviruses Dictates Differential Innate Immune Responses on the Ocular Surface date: 2019-09-13 words: 11603 flesch: 33 summary: Corneal epithelial cell infection by tropic HAdVs also occurs via a dynamin 2-independent pathway (manuscript in preparation). Corneal epithelial cell infection by tropic HAdVs also occurs via a dynamin 2-independent pathway (manuscript in preparation). keywords: adenovirus; cells; conjunctival; corneal; d37; dynamin; ekc; endocytosis; entry; expression; hadv; host; human; immune; infected; infection; keratitis; keratocytes; pathway; responses; surface; type cache: cord-332379-340wczmq.txt plain text: cord-332379-340wczmq.txt item: #560 of 647 id: cord-332516-eaqpiq1o author: Joseph, Carol title: Bacterial and viral infections associated with influenza date: 2013-08-27 words: 6470 flesch: 30 summary: 1, 2 Morbidity and mortality are recognised to be greater in cases of influenza-associated bacterial infection compared with bacterial pneumonia without influenza infection 3 with all age groups affected by this synergistic process. 40 Transmission studies using animal models show increased incidence and severity of bacterial pneumonia after influenza infection is pneumococcal strain dependent. keywords: bacterial; cases; deaths; disease; h1n1; infection; influenza; pandemic; pneumonia; virus cache: cord-332516-eaqpiq1o.txt plain text: cord-332516-eaqpiq1o.txt item: #561 of 647 id: cord-332533-iqe6sdq2 author: Grant, William B. title: Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths date: 2020-04-02 words: 8053 flesch: 35 summary: Pathophysiology and epidemiology The role of season in the epidemiology of influenza Epidemic influenza and vitamin D On the epidemiology of influenza Temporal relationship between vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone in the United States Influenza virus transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature Absolute humidity modulates influenza survival, transmission, and seasonality Absolute humidity and the seasonal onset of influenza in the continental United States Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren Preventive Effects of Vitamin D on Seasonal Influenza A in Infants: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open, Controlled Clinical Trial Effects of vitamin D supplements on influenza A illness during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial Randomized Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Seasonal Influenza and Upper Respiratory Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Effect of Vitamin D supplementation to reduce respiratory infections in children and adolescents in Vietnam: A randomized controlled trial. Vitamin D supplementation is required for many individuals to reach 25(OH)D concentrations above 30 ng/mL, especially in winter keywords: 25(oh)d; concentrations; covid-19; infection; influenza; patients; risk; serum; studies; supplementation; vitamin; vitamin d cache: cord-332533-iqe6sdq2.txt plain text: cord-332533-iqe6sdq2.txt item: #562 of 647 id: cord-332737-iclruwmx author: Webley, Wilmore C. title: Infection-mediated asthma: etiology, mechanisms and treatment options, with focus on Chlamydia pneumoniae and macrolides date: 2017-05-19 words: 7493 flesch: 37 summary: Over the past three decades, animal models of asthma have been extensively utilized to elucidate mechanisms of the disease, determine the activities of genes of interest, investigate cellular pathways and predict the safety and efficacy of various drugs being considered for asthma treatment. The question then remains; what factors determine if a viral respiratory infection provokes the onset of chronic asthma? keywords: airway; asthma; azithromycin; chlamydia; chronic; disease; evidence; infection; life; lung; patients; pneumoniae; studies; treatment; trial cache: cord-332737-iclruwmx.txt plain text: cord-332737-iclruwmx.txt item: #563 of 647 id: cord-332747-u46xryoo author: Mingorance, Lidia title: Host phosphatidic acid phosphatase lipin1 is rate limiting for functional hepatitis C virus replicase complex formation date: 2018-09-18 words: 10427 flesch: 31 summary: These results underscore the role that lipin1 plays at early steps of HCV infection and indicate that either viral entry or a step leading to efficient HCV RNA replication is impaired in these cells. Infection of control and lipin1 isoform-deficient cells with HCV tcp revealed that lipin1α silencing resulted in a strong (85%) reduction in HCV infection while lipin1β silencing resulted in a milder (55%) but significant reduction in HCV infection efficiency ( Fig 4B) . keywords: accumulation; activity; cells; control; expression; fig; hcv; hepatitis; hours; infection; levels; lipin1; luciferase; ns3; post; protein; replicase; replication; rna; shlpin1; silencing; virus cache: cord-332747-u46xryoo.txt plain text: cord-332747-u46xryoo.txt item: #564 of 647 id: cord-333024-1yrmun3z author: von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie title: Community acquired respiratory virus infections in cancer patients—Guideline on diagnosis and management by the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society for haematology and Medical Oncology date: 2016-09-25 words: 6272 flesch: 28 summary: The emergency use authorization of peramivir for treatment of 2009 H1N1 influenza Ribavirin therapy in bone marrow transplant recipients with viral respiratory tract infections Management of RSV infections in adult recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Oral ribavirin therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infections in moderately to severely immunocompromised patients Impact of aerosolized ribavirin on mortality in 280 allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with respiratory syncytial virus infections An outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outpatients: good outcome without specific antiviral treatment The natural history of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cancer and transplant patients: implications for management Congenital anomalies induced in hamster embryos with ribavirin Oral ribavirin for treatment of respiratory syncitial virus and parainfluenza 3 virus infections post allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation Successful systemic high-dose ribavirin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus-induced infections occurring preengraftment in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Control of an outbreak of human parainfluenza virus 3 in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Parainfluenza virus type 3 infections in a hematology unit Donor leukocyte infusion as therapy of life-threatening adenoviral infections after T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation First-in-man clinical results with good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant polypeptide-expanded adenovirus-specific T cells after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Human metapneumovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Brief communication: fatal human metapneumovirus infection in stem-cell transplant recipients RNA respiratory viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients Comparison of four clinical specimen types for detection of influenza A and B viruses by optical immunoassay (FLU OIA test) and cell culture methods Performance of virus isolation and Directigen Flu A to detect influenza A virus in experimental human infection Comparison of nasopharyngeal flocked swabs and nasopharyngeal wash collection methods for respiratory virus detection in hospitalized children using real-time polymerase chain reaction Nasal swab versus nasopharyngeal aspirate for isolation of respiratory viruses Comparison among nasopharyngeal swab, nasal wash, and oropharyngeal swab for respiratory virus detection in adults with acute pharyngitis RSV testing in bronchiolitis: which nasal sampling method is best? Detection of multiple respiratory pathogens during primary respiratory infection: nasal swab versus nasopharyngeal aspirate using real-time polymerase chain reaction Comparative study of nasopharyngeal aspirate and nasal swab specimens for diagnosis of acute viral respiratory infection Comparison of sampling methods for the detection of human rhinovirus RNA Comparison of conventional and molecular detection of respiratory viruses in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients Comparison of quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to viral culture for assessment of respiratory syncytial virus shedding Evaluation of the Prodesse Hexaplex multiplex PCR assay for direct detection of seven respiratory viruses in clinical specimens Rapid identification viruses from nasal pharyngeal aspirates in acute viral respiratory infections by RT-PCR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry Pulmonary imaging of pandemic influenza H1N1 infection: relationship between clinical presentation and disease burden on chest radiography and CT Confirmed swine-origin influenza A(H1N1) viral pneumonia: computed tomographic findings in the immunocompetent and the immunocompromised 64 multidetector CT findings of influenza A (H1N1) virus in patients with hematologic malignancies Thoracic CT findings of novel influenza A (H1N1) infection in immunocompromised patients CT manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients Pulmonary manifestation of novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) infection in immunocompromised patients: initial findings with multidetector computed tomography Radiographic and highresolution CT findings of influenza virus pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) associated pulmonary infections in immunocompromised adultseinitial CT findings, disease course and comparison to respiratory-syncytial-virus (RSV) induced pulmonary infections Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses Contributing and terminating factors of a large RSV outbreak in an Adult Hematology and Transplant Unit Current management of parainfluenza pneumonitis in immunocompromised patients: a review Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in immunocompromised children with H1N1 influenza: a clinical observation Cidofovir for adenovirus infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a survey by the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Disseminated adenovirus infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, risk factors and outcome Early diagnosis of adenovirus infection and treatment with cidofovir after bone marrow transplantation in children Description of an adenovirus A31 outbreak in a paediatric haematology unit Biopsy-proven adenoviral diarrhea responding to low-dose cidofovir The authors thank Ramona Kraft for technical assistance with the retrieval of full papers. key: cord-333024-1yrmun3z authors: von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie; Berger, Annemarie; Christopeit, Maximilian; Hentrich, Marcus; Heussel, Claus Peter; Kalkreuth, Jana; Klein, Michael; Kochanek, Matthias; Penack, Olaf; Hauf, Elke; Rieger, Christina; Silling, Gerda; Vehreschild, Maria; Weber, Thomas; Wolf, Hans-Heinrich; Lehners, Nicola; Schalk, Enrico; Mayer, Karin title: Community acquired respiratory virus infections in cancer patients—Guideline on diagnosis and management by the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society for haematology and Medical Oncology date: 2016-09-25 journal: keywords: cancer; cell; crv; evidence; infection; influenza; patients; recipients; stem; table; transplantation; treatment; use; virus cache: cord-333024-1yrmun3z.txt plain text: cord-333024-1yrmun3z.txt item: #565 of 647 id: cord-333041-69n2wwn3 author: Pal, Anandita title: Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection date: 2020-08-11 words: 4418 flesch: 32 summary: medRxiv Critical care for severe COVID-19: a population-based study from a province with low casefatality rate in china Obesity impairs the adaptive immune response to influenza virus Resolvins in inflammation: emergence of the pro-resolving superfamily of mediators New pro-resolving n-3 mediators bridge resolution of infectious inflammation to tissue regeneration Specialized pro-resolving mediators: endogenous regulators of infection and inflammation Lipidomic profiling of influenza infection identifies mediators that induce and resolve inflammation The lipid mediator protectin D1 inhibits influenza virus replication and improves severe influenza Role of omega-3 PUFA-derived mediators, the protectins, in influenza virus infection The specialized proresolving mediator 17-HDHA enhances the antibody-mediated immune response against influenza virus: a new class of adjuvant? B cell activity is impaired in human and mouse obesity and is responsive to an essential fatty acid upon murine influenza infection n-3 PUFAs enhance the frequency of murine B-cell subsets and restore the impairment of antibody production to a T-independent antigen in obesity Lipoxin B4 enhances human memory b cell antibody production via upregulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression Frontline science: aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 controls herpes simplex virus-induced corneal immunopathology Infection regulates pro-resolving mediators that lower antibiotic requirements Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 is produced during self-resolving gramnegative bacterial pneumonia and regulates host immune responses for the resolution of lung inflammation Resolvin D1 decreases adipose tissue macrophage accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese-diabetic mice Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity Exacerbated Staphylococcus aureus foot infections in obese/diabetic mice are associated with impaired germinal center reactions, Ig class switching, and humoral immunity Obesity-Induced changes in T-cell metabolism are associated with impaired memory T-cell response to influenza and are not reversed with weight loss Proresolving lipid mediators resolvin D1, resolvin D2, and maresin 1 are critical in modulating T cell responses Signaling and immunoresolving actions of resolvin D1 in inflamed human visceral adipose tissue Leukocytes from obese individuals exhibit an impaired SPM signature Resolvin D1 and resolvin D2 govern Local inflammatory tone in obese fat Frontline Science: A reduction in DHA-derived mediators in male obesity contributes toward defects in select B cell subsets and circulating antibody Resolvin E1 derived from eicosapentaenoic acid prevents hyperinsulinemia hyperglycemia in a host genetic manner Alteration of adipose tissue immune cell milieu towards the suppression of inflammation in high fat diet fed mice by flaxseed oil supplementation Resolvin RvD2 reduces hypothalamic inflammation and rescues mice from diet-induced obesity Impaired local production of proresolving lipid mediators in obesity and 17-HDHA as a potential treatment for obesity-associated inflammation Reduction of high-fat diet-induced liver proinflammatory state by eicosapentaenoic acid plus hydroxytyrosol supplementation: involvement of resolvins RvE1/2 and RvD1/2 Proresolution therapy for the treatment of delayed healing of diabetic wounds Decreased plasma maresin 1 concentration is associated with diabetic foot ulcer Effect of weight loss on neutrophil resolvins in the metabolic syndrome Obesity-induced insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are alleviated by ω-3 fatty acids: a role for resolvins and protectins Gender differences in the longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid status: systematic review of 51 publications Accelerated resolution of inflammation underlies sex differences in inflammatory responses in humans Gender differences in patients with COVID-19: focus on severity and mortality Maresin 1 improves insulin sensitivity and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation in ob/ob and diet-induced obese mice Can atmospheric pollution be considered a co-factor in extremely high level of SARS-CoV-2 lethality in Northern Italy? Exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in the United States: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Similarly, administration of dietary DHA ethyl esters, the parent compound of DHA-derived SPMs, also boost antibody levels of obese mice (19, 20) . keywords: cov-2; covid-19; dha; infection; inflammation; mice; obese; obesity; sars; spms cache: cord-333041-69n2wwn3.txt plain text: cord-333041-69n2wwn3.txt item: #566 of 647 id: cord-333286-lr32e0w4 author: Lehtoranta, Liisa title: Role of Probiotics in Stimulating the Immune System in Viral Respiratory Tract Infections: A Narrative Review date: 2020-10-16 words: 6772 flesch: 29 summary: The influence of the microbiome on respiratory health Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections Respiratory virus infections Emerging respiratory viruses other than influenza SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients Epidemiology of viral respiratory infections Epidemiologic, clinical, and virologic characteristics of human rhinovirus infection among otherwise healthy children and adults: Rhinovirus among adults and children Pathogenesis of rhinovirus infection Nasal microbiota clusters associate with inflammatory response, viral load, and symptom severity in experimental rhinovirus challenge Mechanisms of viral mutation Viral manipulation of the host immune response Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans Epithelial cells and airway diseases The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: Balancing virus clearance and immunopathology The morphology of virus particles. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Knowledge for pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the effect of probiotics on respiratory virus infections, immune response, and the course of upper and lower respiratory tract illness. keywords: cells; effects; host; ifn; infection; inflammatory; influenza; probiotics; response; rtis; studies; virus; viruses cache: cord-333286-lr32e0w4.txt plain text: cord-333286-lr32e0w4.txt item: #567 of 647 id: cord-333355-ykmp4ven author: Kuchar, E. title: Pathophysiology of Clinical Symptoms in Acute Viral Respiratory Tract Infections date: 2015-03-19 words: 6667 flesch: 34 summary: A better understanding of the symptoms’ pathogenesis could improve the quality of care for patients with respiratory tract infections. 1 Introduction The literature reports that each year up to 25 million people in the US visit their doctor because of respiratory tract infections. keywords: cells; cytokines; eccles; et al; human; infections; influenza; nasal; rhinovirus; symptoms; tract; tract infections; virus cache: cord-333355-ykmp4ven.txt plain text: cord-333355-ykmp4ven.txt item: #568 of 647 id: cord-333724-a3dufzxt author: Wong, T. E. title: Evaluating the Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates on College Campuses to Wastewater Surveillance date: 2020-10-11 words: 9772 flesch: 41 summary: By developing and implementing a model component for wastewater surveillance, we find that wastewater surveillance testing can be an effective strategy to maintain a similar number of overall infections on campus to traditional individual surveillance testing (Fig 2) . We use a previously published SEIR model to incorporate a model component to represent wastewater surveillance testing. keywords: campus; individuals; infections; license; model; number; parameters; preprint; screening; surveillance; testing; time; wastewater cache: cord-333724-a3dufzxt.txt plain text: cord-333724-a3dufzxt.txt item: #569 of 647 id: cord-333730-qsx0m68e author: Tsai, Y. C. title: Oral disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and immunosuppressants with antiviral potential, including SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review date: 2020-09-03 words: 4934 flesch: 26 summary: The Swiss HIV cohort study The HYDILE trial: efficacy and tolerance of a quadruple combination of reverse transcriptase inhibitors versus the same regimen plus hydroxyurea or hydroxyurea and interleukin-2 in HIV-infected patients failing protease inhibitorbased combinations Activity, safety, and immunological effects of hydroxyurea added to didanosine in antiretroviral-naive and experienced HIV type 1-infected subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, ACTG 307 A randomized trial to investigate the recycling of stavudine and didanosine with and without hydroxyurea in salvage therapy (RESTART) Hydroxyurea as an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus RNA replication Hydroxyurea suppresses HCV replication in humans: a phase I trial of oral hydroxyurea in chronic hepatitis C patients Amazing results with hydroxyurea therapy in chronic hepatitis B: a preliminary report Reactivation of hepatitis B virus during treatment with hydroxyurea in an elderly patient with essential thrombocythemia Reversible inhibition of herpes simplex virus replication by hydroxyurea Hydroxyurea enhances the activity of acyclovir and cidofovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 resistant strains harboring mutations in the thymidine kinase and/or the DNA polymerase genes Hydroxyurea inhibits parvovirus B19 replication in erythroid progenitor cells Original research: parvovirus B19 infection in children with sickle cell disease in the hydroxyurea era A novel action of minocycline inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in microglia Neuroprotective and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of minocycline Minocycline treatment for HIV-associated 20 journals.sagepub.com/home/tab cognitive impairment: results from a randomized trial Randomized trial of minocycline in the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment Minocycline neuroprotects, reduces microglial activation, inhibits caspase 3 induction, and viral replication following Japanese encephalitis Minocycline differentially modulates viral infection and persistence in an experimental model of Japanese encephalitis Minocycline trial in Japanese encephalitis: a double blind, randomized placebo study Role of oral minocycline in acute encephalitis syndrome in India: a randomized controlled trial Drug repurposing of minocycline against dengue virus infection Antibiotic minocycline prevents respiratory syncytial virus infection Antiinflammatory and antiviral effects of minocycline in enterovirus 71 infections Transcriptomic characterization of the novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus: specific host response and responses intermediate between avian (H5N1 and H7N7) and human (H3N2) viruses and implications for treatment options Minocycline inhibits West Nile virus replication and apoptosis in human neuronal cells Minocycline delays disease onset and mortality in reovirus encephalitis Therapy with minocycline aggravates experimental rabies in mice Effects of mycophenolic acid on human immunodeficiency virus infection in vitro and in vivo Mycophenolic mofetil, an alternative antiviral and immunomodulator for the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection Broadspectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-β1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 by the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide Successful treatment of acyclovirresistant herpes simplex virus type 2 proctitis with leflunomide in an HIV-infected man Leflunomide in the treatment of a pseudotumoral genital herpes simplex virus infection in an HIV patient Inhibition of HIV replication by A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, in combination with pyrimidine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Anti-HIV-1 activity of leflunomide: a comparison with mycophenolic acid and hydroxyurea Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20947296 sha: doc_id: 333730 cord_uid: qsx0m68e There have been several episodes of viral infection evolving into epidemics in recent decades, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the latest example. keywords: activity; covid-19; disease; hiv; hydroxyurea; infection; leflunomide; minocycline; patients; replication; sars; treatment; trial; virus cache: cord-333730-qsx0m68e.txt plain text: cord-333730-qsx0m68e.txt item: #570 of 647 id: cord-333853-p2kbjwpy author: Smee, Donald F. title: Therapy and Long-Term Prophylaxis of Vaccinia Virus Respiratory Infections in Mice with an Adenovirus-Vectored Interferon Alpha (mDEF201) date: 2011-10-13 words: 4605 flesch: 45 summary: These results demonstrate the long-acting prophylactic and treatment capacity of mDEF201 to combat vaccinia virus infections. The results from these experiments indicate that mDEF201 has an extremely long-acting prophylactic activity against vaccinia virus infections in mice. keywords: day; days; infection; interferon; lung; mdef201; mice; vaccinia; virus cache: cord-333853-p2kbjwpy.txt plain text: cord-333853-p2kbjwpy.txt item: #571 of 647 id: cord-333950-e0hd3iuu author: Maillard, Jean-Yves title: Reducing antibiotic prescribing and addressing the global problem of antibiotic resistance by targeted hygiene in the home and everyday life settings: A Position Paper date: 2020-04-18 words: 5540 flesch: 33 summary: It presents evidence that home and community settings are important for infection transmission and also the acquisition and spread of AMR. Although care of increasing numbers of patients in the community, including at home can help alleviate over-burdened health systems, it can be undermined by inadequate infection control in the home and urgent focus is now needed on infection transmission in homes and community settings in addition to healthcare settings. keywords: amr; bacteria; care; community; hand; home; hygiene; infection; life; resistance; risk; settings; surfaces; use cache: cord-333950-e0hd3iuu.txt plain text: cord-333950-e0hd3iuu.txt item: #572 of 647 id: cord-334027-xhfmio7k author: Fagre, Anna C. title: Can Bats Serve as Reservoirs for Arboviruses? date: 2019-03-03 words: 8739 flesch: 36 summary: Parasite Diverse RNA viruses of arthropod origin in the blood of fruit bats suggest a link between bat and arthropod viromes A whole genome perspective on the phylogeny of the plant virus family Tombusviridae Metagenomics reshapes the concepts of RNA virus evolution by revealing extensive horizontal virus transfer Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere Deliberate insectivory by the fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus Deliberate insectivory by the fruit bat Pteropus poliocephalus by aerial hunting Viral antibody dynamics in a chiropteran host The enhancement of arbovirus transmission and disease by mosquito saliva is associated with modulation of the host immune response Experimental infection of North American birds with the New York 1999 strain of West Nile virus Tools to study pathogen-host interactions in bats Ecosystem services provided by bats Marburgvirus resurgence in Kitaka Mine bat population after extermination attempts Empirical assessment of non-invasive population genetics in bats: Comparison of DNA quality from faecal and tissue samples Empirical evaluation of non-invasive capture-mark-recapture estimation of population size based on a single sampling session Optimizing Viral Discovery in Bats Optimizing non-invasive sampling of an infectious bat virus Experimental Inoculation of Egyptian Rousette Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) with Viruses of the Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus Genera Bats have long been suspected as reservoirs for arboviruses [11] , but experimental data that would support a role of bats as reservoir hosts for certain arboviruses remain difficult to collect. keywords: antibodies; arboviruses; arthropod; bats; encephalitis; evidence; experimental; fever; field; fruit; infection; japanese; mosquitoes; reservoir; role; species; studies; study; transmission; viremia; virus; viruses cache: cord-334027-xhfmio7k.txt plain text: cord-334027-xhfmio7k.txt item: #573 of 647 id: cord-334369-xgw7o5gd author: Innes, Elisabeth A. title: A One Health Approach to Tackle Cryptosporidiosis date: 2020-01-23 words: 7486 flesch: 33 summary: Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases Genetic diversity and population structure of Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium infection risk: results of a new dose-response modelling risk Epidemiology and clinical features of Cryptosporidium infection in immunocompromised patients Effect of Cryptosporidium parvum infection on the absorptive capacity and paracellular permeability of the small intestine in neonatal calves Shedding of oocysts by immunocompetent individuals with cryptosporidiosis Number of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts or Giardia spp cysts shed by dairy calves after natural infection Pubic health risks associated with food-borne parasites Evidence for structural role for acid fast lipids in oocyst walls of Cryptosporidium Global Cryptosporidium loads from livestock manure Cryptosporidium in humans and animalsa One Health approach to prophylaxis The evolution of respiratory cryptosporidiosis: evidence for transmission by inhalation Clinical aspects of human cryptosporidiosis Giardia and Cryptosporidium join the neglected diseases initiative Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study GEMS): a prospective, case control study Pathogen-specific burdens of community diarrhea in developing countries: a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED) Cryptosporidiosis in farmed animals The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident Prevalence, species identification and genotyping Cryptosporidium from livestock and deer in a catchment in the Cairngorms with a history of a contaminated public water supply Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in animals inhabiting drinking water catchments in three states across Australia Prevalence, molecular identification and risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in edible marine fish: a survey across sea areas surrounding France Bovine cryptosporidiosis: impact, host-parasite interaction and control strategies Cryptosporidiosis and coccidiosis Goats-a pathway out of poverty Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp and Giardia duodenalis from yaks in the central western region of China Prevalence and risk factors for Cryptosporidium spp infection in young calves Cryptosporidium parvum: determination of ID50 and the dose-response relationship in experimentally challenged dairy calves Zoonotic cryptosporidiosis from petting farms Waterborne cryptosporidiosis outbreaks Assessing the impact of environmental exposures and Cryptosporidium infection in cattle on human incidence of cryptosporidiosis in Southwestern Ontario Effect of climate change on runoff of Campylobacter and Cryptosporidium from land to surface water Advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidium and related species Human cryptosporidiosis in Europe Longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the UK (IID2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice Looking for Cryptosporidium: the application of advances in detection and diagnosis A multiplex PCR test to identify four common cattle-adapted Cryptosporidium species A whole water catchment approach to investigating the origin and distribution of Cryptosporidium species Cryptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidium oocysts are microscopic (most species are 4-6 μm in diameter) and have a tough waxy wall composed of lipids and glycoproteins, which enables the parasite to survive a wide range of conditions, including temperatures from -22°C to 60°C. keywords: animals; approach; calves; cryptosporidiosis; cryptosporidium; disease; health; human; infection; livestock; oocysts; parasite; parvum; species; study; water cache: cord-334369-xgw7o5gd.txt plain text: cord-334369-xgw7o5gd.txt item: #574 of 647 id: cord-335614-qh98622y author: Xu, Puzhi title: A Multi-Omics Study of Chicken Infected by Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus date: 2019-11-16 words: 6557 flesch: 35 summary: To further study the biochemical metabolic pathway and signal transduction pathways related to NIBV infection, KEGG analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted in the KEGG pathway database. MetaboAnalyst (http: //www.metaboanalyst.ca) was used for pathway enrichment analysis. keywords: acid; analysis; chicken; data; figure; gene; gout; group; gut; infection; kidney; metabolism; metabolites; nibv; pathways; receptor; rna; signalling; study cache: cord-335614-qh98622y.txt plain text: cord-335614-qh98622y.txt item: #575 of 647 id: cord-335871-zieuc7vk author: Brazee, Patricia L. title: Targeting the Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex to Modulate the Host Response and Improve Influenza A Virus Induced Lung Injury date: 2020-05-13 words: 3746 flesch: 28 summary: We have reported that the amplitude of the inflammatory response is regulated by Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex (LUBAC) activity and that dampening of LUBAC activity is protective during severe influenza virus infection. Therapeutic modulation of LUBAC activity may be crucial to improve outcomes during severe influenza virus infection, as it functions as a molecular rheostat of the host response. keywords: host; iav; infection; influenza; linear; lubac; lung; response; ubiquitin; viral; virus cache: cord-335871-zieuc7vk.txt plain text: cord-335871-zieuc7vk.txt item: #576 of 647 id: cord-336045-8qcj5uiy author: Langlois, Isabelle title: Viral diseases of ferrets date: 2005-03-01 words: 7203 flesch: 40 summary: Compendium of animal rabies control Epidemiologists and public health veterinarians issue statement on ferrets Viral diseases: ferret rabies. Infected ferrets become symptomatic after an incubation period of 7 to 10 days keywords: adv; aleutian; animal; disease; distemper; ferrets; infection; influenza; mink; rabies; signs; vaccination; vaccine; variant; virus cache: cord-336045-8qcj5uiy.txt plain text: cord-336045-8qcj5uiy.txt item: #577 of 647 id: cord-336456-wg8vfh6w author: Webb, Glynn W. title: Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E: Clinical and Epidemiological Features, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention date: 2020-11-01 words: 6190 flesch: 43 summary: Hepatitis E in the EU/EEA Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Scotland: evidence of recent increase in viral circulation in humans Hepatitis E virus infection may be transmitted through blood transfusions in an endemic area Hepatitis E virus RNA in Australian blood donors: prevalence and risk assessment Transmission of rat hepatitis E virus infection to humans in Hong Kong: a clinical and epidemiological analysis Hepatitis A: clinical manifestations and management Clinical course and management of acute hepatitis A infection in adults Atypical clinical manifestations of hepatitis A Prolonged intrahepatic cholestasis secondary to acute hepatitis A Relapsing hepatitis A. Review of 14 cases and literature survey Hepatitis E epidemic Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in patients with cirrhosis is associated with rapid decompensation and death Hepatitis E virus: assessment of the epidemiological situation in humans in Europe, 2014/15 Autochthonous hepatitis E in southwest England: natural history, complications and seasonal variation, and hepatitis E virus IgG seroprevalence in blood donors, the elderly and patients with chronic liver disease Host risk factors and autochthonous hepatitis E infection Hepatitis E virus in patients with decompensated chronic liver disease: a prospective UK/French study Hepatitis E infection in patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis Hepatitis E during pregnancy: maternal and foetal case-fatality rates and adverse outcomes-a systematic review Hepatitis E in pregnancy Clinical course and duration of viremia in vertically transmitted hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in babies born to HEV-infected mothers Burden of hepatitis E virus infection in pregnancy and maternofoetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and treatment of hepatitis E virus infections Arthritis, vasculitis, and cryoglobulinemia associated with relapsing hepatitis A virus infection Thrombocytopenia in hepatitis A-an atypical presentation Hepatitis E virus and neurological injury Neuralgic amyotrophy and hepatitis E virus infection Clinical phenotype and outcome of hepatitis E virus-associated neuralgic amyotrophy Hepatitis E virus infection and acute non-traumatic neurological injury: a prospective multicentre study The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study Hepatitis E virus-induced neurological symptoms in a kidney-transplant patient with chronic hepatitis Hepatitis E seroprevalence in Europe: a meta-analysis Two generations of gold standards: the impact of a decade in hepatitis E virus testing innovation on population seroprevalence Ribavirin for hepatitis E virus infection after organ transplantation: a large European retrospective multicenter study Prevention of hepatitis A virus infection in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices British Association for Sexual Health and HIV. In the last 2 years, evidence has emerged of a new zoonotic source of HEV infection. keywords: acute; cases; chronic; disease; hav; hepatitis; hev; infection; liver; non; patients; virus cache: cord-336456-wg8vfh6w.txt plain text: cord-336456-wg8vfh6w.txt item: #578 of 647 id: cord-336510-qzm9wgde author: Ellermann-Eriksen, Svend title: Macrophages and cytokines in the early defence against herpes simplex virus date: 2005-08-03 words: 20078 flesch: 41 summary: During HSV infection macrophages are activated and possess an increased antiviral potential Occurrence in an adult with pemphigus vulgaris Herpes simplex virus infections Acute hepatitis due to Herpes simplex virus in an adult Disseminated herpes simplex in pregnancy: two cases and a review Herpesvirus hominis type 2 meningoencephalitis following renal transplantation The acquisition of herpes simplex virus during pregnancy Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection in relation to asymptomatic maternal infection at the time of labor Herpes simplex virus infections of women and their offspring: implications for a developed society Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections: is there a role for immunoglobulin in disease prevention and therapy? Type-specific antibody to Herpes Simplex Virus type 2(HSV-2) glycoprotein G in pregnant women, infants exposed to maternal HSV-2 infection at delivery, and infants with Neonatal Herpes Low risk of herpes simplex virus infections in neonates exposed to the virus at the time of vaginal delivery to mothers with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infections Neonatal herpes simplex infection Safety and efficacy of highdose intravenous acyclovir in the management of neonatal herpes simplex virus infections Natural history of neonatal herpes simplex virus infections in the acyclovir era Advances in the treatment of neonatal herpes simplex infections HSV-2 replication sites, monocyte and lymphocytic cell infection and virion phagocytosis by neutrophils, in vesicular lesions on penile skin. keywords: activation; activity; antiviral; cells; effect; factor; herpes; hsv; hsv infection; ifn; il-12; induction; infection; interferon; macrophages; mechanisms; mice; production; replication; response; simplex; system; tnf; type; virus; virus type cache: cord-336510-qzm9wgde.txt plain text: cord-336510-qzm9wgde.txt item: #579 of 647 id: cord-336663-fawcn6em author: Liu, Chunyan title: Adenovirus infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China, 2007 to 2012 date: 2015-10-01 words: 4291 flesch: 45 summary: Among 3356 patients with ALRTIs, 194 (5.8 %) were found to have HAdV infection. HAdV infection was primarily confined to children (88.35 %) less than 5 years of age. keywords: adenovirus; children; hadv; human; infection; patients; types cache: cord-336663-fawcn6em.txt plain text: cord-336663-fawcn6em.txt item: #580 of 647 id: cord-337105-jlmh79qv author: Jacob, Fadi title: Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells and Brain Organoids Reveal SARS-CoV-2 Neurotropism Predominates in Choroid Plexus Epithelium date: 2020-09-21 words: 9967 flesch: 41 summary: To investigate the susceptibility of human brain cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we tested various hiPSC-derived neural cells in monolayer cultures and region-specific brain organoids generated using several established (Qian et al., 2018; Qian et al., 2016) and modified protocols (Sakaguchi et al., 2015) ( Figure 1A ). While SARS-CoV-2, the causal pathogen of COVID-19, has been detected in some patient brains, its ability to infect brain cells and impact their function are not well understood. keywords: astrocytes; brain; cells; choroid; cov-2; covid-19; cpos; csf; et al; expression; figure; genes; hipsc; hpi; human; infection; neurons; organoids; plexus; sars; tissue; âµl; âºc cache: cord-337105-jlmh79qv.txt plain text: cord-337105-jlmh79qv.txt item: #581 of 647 id: cord-337284-joq1aqn6 author: Barrera‐López, Pedro title: Co‐infection of other respiratory pathogens and HIV in COVID‐19 patients: is there a pattern? date: 2020-07-24 words: 1309 flesch: 34 summary: Therefore, we consider that the search for other infections should be performed exhaustively, especially in those cases that may be susceptible to treatment such as Influenza A, HIV, or bacterial infections. Therefore, we consider that the search for other infections should be performed exhaustively, especially in those cases that may be susceptible to treatment such as Influenza A (oseltamivir), HIV (antiretroviral therapy), or bacterial infections. keywords: infection; patients cache: cord-337284-joq1aqn6.txt plain text: cord-337284-joq1aqn6.txt item: #582 of 647 id: cord-339039-6gyo9rya author: Bonvehí, Pablo E. title: Transmission and Control of Respiratory Viral Infections in the Healthcare Setting date: 2018-04-30 words: 4740 flesch: 34 summary: They point out the main characteristics of these viruses in immunosuppressed hosts such as prolonged excertion and higher morbidity and mortality in relation to normal hosts The influenza viruses and influenza Incidence and recall of influenza in a cohort of Glasgow healthcare workers during the 1993-4 epidemic: results of serum testing and questionnaire Adenovirus in solid organ transplant recipients Prolonged recovery of desiccated adenoviral serotypes 5, 8, and 19 from plastic and metal surfaces in vitro Potential role of hands in the spread of respiratory viral infections: studies with human parainfluenza virus 3 and rhinovirus 14 Infection Control of Nosocomial Respiratory Viral Disease in the Immunocompetent Host An outbreak of human parainfluenza virus 3 infection in an outpatient hematopoietic stem cell transplantation clinic Dare and Talbot make a very good description of health care acquired viral respiratory infections, their different control measures(education, hand-washing, isolation, PPE, cohorting of patients and personnel) and other measures such as influenza vaccination Parainfluenza virus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and hematologic malignancy patients: a systematic review Respiratory virus infection among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: evidence for asymptomatic parainfluenza virus infection Viral respiratory tract infections in transplant patients: epidemiology, recognition and management How contagious are common respiratory tract infections? Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission An outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus in a bone marrow transplant center Detection and control of a nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in a stem cell transplantation unit: the role of palivizumab Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Immunization of health-care personnel: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Influenza Vaccination of Healthcare Workers: Critical Analysis of the Evidence for Patient Benefit Underpinning Policies of Enforcement Safety and effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza treatment, prophylaxis, and outbreak control: a systematic review of systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses Oseltamivir and inhaled zanamivir as influenza prophylaxis in Thai heaith workers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety trial over 16 weeks Adenovirus type 8 epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in an eye clinic: risk factors and control Adenovirus: current epidemiology and emerging approaches to prevention and treatment Emerging viral respiratory tract infections-environmental risk factors and transmission Safety and immunogenicity of an intranasal Sendai virus-based human parainfluenza virus type 1 vaccine in 3-to 6-year-old children An opportunistic pathogen afforded ample opportunities: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viral respiratory infections have been recognized as a cause of severe illness in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised hosts. keywords: contact; control; healthcare; infections; influenza; measures; patients; rsv; transmission; virus cache: cord-339039-6gyo9rya.txt plain text: cord-339039-6gyo9rya.txt item: #583 of 647 id: cord-339328-wizu3arz author: Jain, Sanjay K. title: The Promise of Molecular Imaging in the Study and Treatment of Infectious Diseases date: 2017-02-02 words: 4264 flesch: 27 summary: The importance of tissue penetration in achieving successful antimicrobial treatment of nosocomial pneumonia and complicated skin and soft-tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: vancomycin and linezolid Why do we use 600 mg of rifampicin in tuberculosis treatment? Determination of [ 11 C]rifampin pharmacokinetics within Mycobacterium tuberculosisinfected mice by using dynamic positron emission tomography bioimaging 18 F-FDG PET and PET/ CT in fever of unknown origin Targeted imaging of bacterial infections: advances, hurdles and hopes Imaging bacteria with radiolabelled quinolones, cephalosporins and siderophores for imaging infection: a systematic review Nuclear medicine and the infected joint replacement Preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid-ubiquicidin as a radioligand for PET infection imaging Bacterial imaging comes of age A systematic approach for developing bacteria-specific imaging tracers Imaging bacterial infections with radiolabeled 1-(2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil 124 I]FIAU: human dosimetry and infection imaging in patients with suspected prosthetic joint infection PET imaging of bacterial infections with fluorine-18-labeled maltohexaose Investigation of 6-[ 18 F]-fluoromaltose as a novel PET tracer for imaging bacterial infection Imaging Enterobacteriaceae infection in vivo with 18F-fluorodeoxysorbitol positron emission tomography Deoxyfluoro-dtrehalose (FDTre) analogues as potential PET probes for imaging mycobacterial infection Ga-siderophores for PET imaging of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: proof of principle ImmunoPET/MR imaging allows specific detection of Aspergillus fumigatus lung infection in vivo New pathogen-specific immunoPET/MR tracer for molecular imaging of a systemic bacterial infection Whole-body immunoPET reveals active SIV dynamics in viremic and antiretroviral therapy-treated macaques Detection of Klebsiella. Mol Imaging Biol DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1055-0 sha: doc_id: 339328 cord_uid: wizu3arz Infectious diseases are a major threat to humanity, and it is imperative that we develop imaging tools that aid in their study, facilitate diagnosis, and guide treatment. keywords: disease; drug; imaging; infections; patients; pet; radiation; risk; tools; treatment; tuberculosis cache: cord-339328-wizu3arz.txt plain text: cord-339328-wizu3arz.txt item: #584 of 647 id: cord-339578-eg19rfvi author: Garcia-Garcia, Maria Luz title: Role of viral coinfections in asthma development date: 2017-12-05 words: 3664 flesch: 40 summary: It can be hypothesized that this stronger TSLP response after viral coinfection bronchiolitis, could stimulate a vigorous production of Th2-associated effector cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, as was reported in asthmatic adults by Ying et al, that could be associated with higher frequency of wheezing and asthma development later on [31] . In conclusion, asthma at the age of 6-8 is more frequent and severe in those children previously hospitalized with viral coinfection bronchiolitis compared with those with single infection. keywords: age; asthma; bronchiolitis; children; coinfections; wheezing; years cache: cord-339578-eg19rfvi.txt plain text: cord-339578-eg19rfvi.txt item: #585 of 647 id: cord-339852-9rq7zzqs author: Theamboonlers, Apiradee title: Human Coronavirus Infection among Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Thailand date: 2006-11-30 words: 2952 flesch: 45 summary: Acute respiratory infections: a review An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France Coronavirus-related nosocomial viral respiratory infections in a neonatal and paediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions Evaluation of nested polymerase chain methods for the detection of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Osterhaus ADME: A previously undescribed coronavirus associated with respiratory disease in humans Coronavirus derived expression systems Identifi cation of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Anderson LJ; SARS Working Group: A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Development and application of an enzyme immunoassay for coronavirus OC43 antibody in acute respiratory illness Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses Purifi cation and biophysical properties of human coronavirus 229E Antigenic cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus and human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong Human metapneumovirus infection in Thai children Direct diagnosis of human respiratory coronaviruses 229E and OC43 by the polymerase chain reaction Rhinovirus and coronavirus infection-associated hospitalizations among older adults Coronavirus infection in acute lower respiratory tract disease of infants Respiratory viral infections in the elderly Surveillance of community-acquired viral infections due to respiratory viruses in Rhône-Alpes (France) during winter 1994 to 1995 Due to the diffi culty in distinguishing between respiratory pathogens clinically and by laboratory-based analysis, studies on the impact of respiratory infections are still quite limited. keywords: acute; children; coronavirus; hcov; hcov-229e; human; infection; oc43; tract cache: cord-339852-9rq7zzqs.txt plain text: cord-339852-9rq7zzqs.txt item: #586 of 647 id: cord-340028-6oicmeam author: Zhavoronkov, Alex title: Geroprotective and senoremediative strategies to reduce the comorbidity, infection rates, severity, and lethality in gerophilic and gerolavic infections date: 2020-03-31 words: 7232 flesch: 30 summary: However, it may be possible to conduct clinical trials on the efficacy of geroprotectors previously tested in human clinical trials in treating COVID-19 and other gerophilic and gerolavic infections. Substantial pre-clinical validation would be required to apply these compounds to specific age-associated diseases and to explore clinical applications of these compounds in human clinical trials. keywords: age; aging; covid-19; disease; effects; gerolavic; immunosenescence; infection; influenza; nad; patients; rapamycin; sars; severity; treatment; trials cache: cord-340028-6oicmeam.txt plain text: cord-340028-6oicmeam.txt item: #587 of 647 id: cord-340357-gyvvcnuf author: Fallahi, Hamid Reza title: Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review date: 2020-04-24 words: 3825 flesch: 42 summary: In: Roles of Host Gene and Non-coding RNA Expression in Virus Infection Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in Chinese bats Risk of hepatitis B virus transmission via dental handpieces and evaluation of an antisuction device for prevention of transmission The severe acute respiratory syndrome Chinese researchers reveal draft genome of virus implicated in Wuhan pneumonia outbreak Laboratory testing of 2019 novel coronavirus ( 2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases: interim guidance ADA releases coronavirus handout for dentists based on CDC guidelines: American Dental Association CDC reminds clinicians to use standard precautions, recommends isolating patients with coronavirus symptoms: American Dental Association Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Novel Coronavirus: American Dental Association 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva Ocular tropism of respiratory viruses First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice Going global-Travel and the 2019 novel coronavirus Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for lineage B β-coronaviruses A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Epithelial cells lining salivary gland ducts are early target cells of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the upper respiratory tracts of rhesus macaques Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and its inactivation with biocidal agents Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of 2019-nCoV-A Quick Overview and Comparison with Other Emerging Viruses Transmission of blood-borne pathogens in US dental health care settings: 2016 update Aerosols and splatter in dentistry: a brief review of the literature and infection control implications Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: the possible role of dry surface contamination Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice Office of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. ACE2+ epithelial cells present in the salivary glands were considered one of the main targets of SARS coronavirus infection. keywords: care; coronavirus; dental; disease; infection; ncov; novel; patients; syndrome; transmission cache: cord-340357-gyvvcnuf.txt plain text: cord-340357-gyvvcnuf.txt item: #588 of 647 id: cord-340629-1fle5fpz author: O’Shea, Helen title: Viruses Associated With Foodborne Infections date: 2019-05-21 words: 9411 flesch: 39 summary: However, in the Indian sub-continent, especially Bangladesh, where Nipah virus infection was first recognized in 2001, the major risk factor for contracting Nipah virus is drinking raw palm sap (Luby et al., 2006) . Some of these are human viruses that infect and cause illness following ingestion. keywords: assay; children; detection; disease; et al; food; foodborne; gastroenteritis; hepatitis; human; infection; influenza; rotavirus; species; symptoms; transmission; virus; viruses; water cache: cord-340629-1fle5fpz.txt plain text: cord-340629-1fle5fpz.txt item: #589 of 647 id: cord-341548-gazsszs6 author: Buscho, R. O. title: Infections with Viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae during Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis date: 1978-04-17 words: 3113 flesch: 39 summary: Viral infections among patients with chronic bronchitis occurred as defined outbreaks ( figure 1) In this study, viral and M. pneumoniae infections were common in patients during exacerbation, but such infections occurred also in these patients without worsening of their respiratory status. Although patients included in the study for a longer time experienced somewhat more virus and M. pneumoniae infections, the relationship was not linear, a finding suggesting that individual differences in rates of infection could not be attributed exclusively to the duration of participation in the study. keywords: bronchitis; chronic; exacerbations; infections; patients; pneumoniae cache: cord-341548-gazsszs6.txt plain text: cord-341548-gazsszs6.txt item: #590 of 647 id: cord-341827-z9r5i0ky author: Macias-Ordonez, R. title: The misleading illusion of COVID-19 confirmed case data: alternative estimates and a monitoring tool date: 2020-05-25 words: 2622 flesch: 55 summary: In most countries, confirmed cases currently represent less than 30% of estimated infections on Infection Date, and this value decreases with time. In most countries, confirmed 37 cases currently represent less than 30% of estimated infections on Infection Date, and 38 this value decreases with time. keywords: funder; license; medrxiv; perpetuity; preprint cache: cord-341827-z9r5i0ky.txt plain text: cord-341827-z9r5i0ky.txt item: #591 of 647 id: cord-341987-lsvifqyo author: Kalyanasundaram, Sridhar title: Novel Corona Virus Pandemic and Neonatal Care: It’s Too Early to Speculate on Impact! date: 2020-08-03 words: 3969 flesch: 48 summary: Children are less susceptible to COVID-19 infection and generally have a mild course. Children are less susceptible to COVID-19 infection and generally have a mild course in newborns, and children experience with significantly lower death rates [3, 4] . keywords: baby; coronavirus; covid-19; infection; mother; neonatal; sars; women cache: cord-341987-lsvifqyo.txt plain text: cord-341987-lsvifqyo.txt item: #592 of 647 id: cord-342133-khrljehj author: Principi, Nicola title: Bocavirus Infection in Otherwise Healthy Children with Respiratory Disease date: 2015-08-12 words: 5125 flesch: 44 summary: respiratory viral panel fast for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods Datamonkey: a suite of phylogenetic analysis tools for evolutionary biology Not so different after all: a comparison of methods for detecting amino acid sites under selection Adaptation to different human populations by HIV-1 revealed by codon-based analyses Detecting individual sites subject to episodic diversifying selection Seroepidemiology of human bocavirus in Hokkaido prefecture Seroepidemiology of human bocavirus infection in Jamaica Human bocavirus: a novel parvovirus epidemiologically associated with pneumonia requiring hospitalization in Thailand Multiple versus single virus respiratory infections: viral load and clinical disease severity in hospitalized children Human bocavirus in children: mono-detection, high viral load and viraemia are associated with respiratory tract infection Human bocavirus detection in nasopharyngeal aspirates of children without clinical symptoms of respiratory infection Human bocavirus infections in hospitalized children and adults Detection of bocavirus in saliva of children with and without respiratory illness Human bocavirus 1 primary infection and shedding in infants Single detection of human bocavirus 1 with a high viral load in severe respiratory tract infections in previously healthy children Human bocavirus detection in an atopic child affected by pneumonia associated with wheezing Detection of human bocavirus in hospitalised children Human bocavirus in children suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection in Beijing Children's Hospital Clinical characteristics of human bocavirus infections compared with other respiratory viruses in Spanish children Role of human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus NL63 and human bocavirus in infants and young children with acute wheezing Role of emerging respiratory viruses in children with severe acute wheezing Etiology of bronchiolitis in a hospitalized pediatric population: prospective multicenter study Absence of humanbocavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of lung transplant patients Neurological manifestations in acute onset of viral gastroenteritis Frequency and clinical relevance of human bocavirus infection in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Human bocavirus in children: mono-detection, high viral load and viraemia are associated with respiratory tract infection Human bocavirus in patients with respiratory tract infection Comorbidity and high viral load linked to clinical presentation of respiratory human bocavirus infection Frequent and prolonged shedding of bocavirus in young children attending daycare Correlation between nucleotide mutation and viral loads of human bocavirus 1 in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection Phospholipase A2-like activity of human bocavirus VP1 unique region Human bocavirus amongst an allages population hospitalised with acute lower respiratory infections in Cambodia Complete coding sequences and phylogenetic analysis of Human Bocavirus (HBoV) Human bocavirus capsid structure: insights into the structural repertoire of the parvoviridae Evolutionary relationships among parvoviruses: virus-host coevolution among autonomous primate parvoviruses and links between adeno-associated and avian parvoviruses Epidemic and molecular evolution of human bocavirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection Rapid molecular evolution of human bocavirus revealed by Bayesian coalescent inference The study patients were classified into disease groups (i.e., acute otitis media, rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, croup, infectious wheezing, acute bronchitis, pneumonia) on the basis of signs and/or symptoms using well-established criteria and were finally subdivided into two subgroups: upper (URTIs) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) keywords: acid; amino; bocavirus; children; disease; hbov; infection; load; samples; strains; study; tract cache: cord-342133-khrljehj.txt plain text: cord-342133-khrljehj.txt item: #593 of 647 id: cord-342464-6vk2oxo5 author: Edwards, Michael R. title: The microbiology of asthma date: 2012-06-06 words: 8103 flesch: 27 summary: An interesting aspect of asthma is its heterogeneous, complex nature and the fact that it can present as a chronic, stable disease and as asthma exacerbations. In this Review, we summarize the association of microorganisms with asthma, discuss the importance of such organisms for the disease and consider the idea that part of the cause and at least some of the patho genesis of asthma -in particular, of asthma exacerbations -result from microorganisms and their components. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; children; disease; exacerbations; ige; infection; inflammation; lung; patients; receptor; risk; rsv; studies; type; viruses cache: cord-342464-6vk2oxo5.txt plain text: cord-342464-6vk2oxo5.txt item: #594 of 647 id: cord-342915-r9kv67we author: Hayden, Frederick G. title: Advances in antivirals for non‐influenza respiratory virus infections date: 2013-11-01 words: 5757 flesch: 23 summary: Recent studies have provided encouraging results in treating respiratory syncytial virus infections in lung transplant recipients, serious parainfluenza virus and adenovirus infections in immunocompromised hosts, and rhinovirus colds in outpatient asthmatics. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC Human coronavirus EMC does not require the SARS-coronavirus receptor and maintains broad replicative capability in mammalian cell lines Mannose-binding lectin in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection A single asparagine-linked glycosylation site of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein facilitates inhibition by mannose-binding lectin through multiple mechanisms High-dose mannose-binding lectin therapy for Ebola virus infection Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States Antibodies for prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children Respiratory syncytial virus Antiviral therapy of respiratory viruses in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients Management of RSV infections in adult recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Outcome of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Disease in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients Receiving Aerosolized Ribavirin: Significance of Stem Cell Source and Oxygen Requirement keywords: coronavirus; cov; human; infections; influenza; interferon; patients; ribavirin; rsv; sars; studies; treatment; virus; viruses cache: cord-342915-r9kv67we.txt plain text: cord-342915-r9kv67we.txt item: #595 of 647 id: cord-343074-dsubeaso author: Lee, Wan‐Ji title: Molecular epidemiology of a post‐influenza pandemic outbreak of acute respiratory infections in Korea caused by human adenovirus type 3 date: 2014-06-01 words: 3537 flesch: 40 summary: In the same context, respiratory HAdV infections can be identified from patients with an upper respiratory tract infection throughout the entire year, with an average detection rate of 4% in Korea This is believed to be the first report of a nationwide outbreak of respiratory adenovirus infections in Korea. keywords: adenovirus; hadv; hadv-3; infections; korea; outbreak cache: cord-343074-dsubeaso.txt plain text: cord-343074-dsubeaso.txt item: #596 of 647 id: cord-343690-rafvxgx1 author: Hartmann, Katrin title: Clinical Aspects of Feline Retroviruses: A Review date: 2012-10-31 words: 10295 flesch: 31 summary: In a follow-up study in naturally FIVinfected cats, the rate of progression was variable, with death occurring in about 18% of infected cats within the first two years of observation (about five years after the estimated time of infection). Although the majority of FIV-infected cats do not show clinically overt neurologic signs, a much higher proportion of infected cats have microscopic CNS lesions. keywords: antigen; bone; cats; cells; disease; feline; felv; felv infection; fiv; immune; immunodeficiency; immunodeficiency virus; infected; infection; leukemia; lymphoma; marrow; virus cache: cord-343690-rafvxgx1.txt plain text: cord-343690-rafvxgx1.txt item: #597 of 647 id: cord-343728-udjjijyu author: Muggia, Victoria A. title: Nocardia ignorata Infection in Heart Transplant Patient date: 2020-11-17 words: 756 flesch: 38 summary: Nocardia infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter European case-control study key: cord-343728-udjjijyu authors: Muggia, Victoria A.; Puius, Yoram A. title: Nocardia ignorata Infection in Heart Transplant Patient date: 2020-11-17 journal: Emerg Infect Dis DOI: 10.3201/eid2611.202756 sha: doc_id: 343728 cord_uid: udjjijyu nan To the Editor: We read with interest the recent description of pulmonary Nocardia ignorata infection (1) . keywords: health; infection; nocardia; patient cache: cord-343728-udjjijyu.txt plain text: cord-343728-udjjijyu.txt item: #598 of 647 id: cord-344009-hm36pepp author: Nathanson, N. title: Virus perpetuation in populations: biological variables that determine persistence or eradication date: 2005 words: 3466 flesch: 42 summary: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, US Superintendent of Documents The prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus over a 10-year period in rural Zaire Poliomyelitis immune status in ecologically diverse populations, in relation to virus spread, clinical incidence, and virus disappearance California encephalitis, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and bunyavirid hemorrhagic fevers Sero-epidemiological study of rat virus infection in a closed laboratory colony Filoviridae: Another parameter that favors virus perpetuation is rapid turnover of the population itself. keywords: infection; measles; perpetuation; population; virus; viruses cache: cord-344009-hm36pepp.txt plain text: cord-344009-hm36pepp.txt item: #599 of 647 id: cord-344084-z4t2wkgk author: Ellwanger, Joel Henrique title: Beyond HIV infection: neglected and varied impacts of CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 on viral diseases date: 2020-05-30 words: 15779 flesch: 32 summary: Besides, the regulation of multiple aspects of the immune system is strongly influenced by EVs (O'Neill and Quah, 2008; Colombo et al., 2014; Ellwanger et al., 2016) . This knowledge gap should be addressed in further studies since the reemergence of ROCV in Brazil is a concern in terms of public health (Figueiredo, 2007; Ellwanger et al., 2017b) . keywords: allele; association; ccr5; ccr5δ32; cells; chemokine; disease; encephalitis; et al; expression; gene; hcv; hepatitis; hiv; host; human; immune; individuals; infected; infection; influenza; patients; receptor; role; studies; study; susceptibility; virus; virus infection; wnv cache: cord-344084-z4t2wkgk.txt plain text: cord-344084-z4t2wkgk.txt item: #600 of 647 id: cord-344093-3bniy5b5 author: Peteranderl, Christin title: The Impact of the Interferon/TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Signaling Axis on Disease Progression in Respiratory Viral Infection and Beyond date: 2017-03-22 words: 12579 flesch: 18 summary: In addition, Davidson et al. (74) demonstrated that type I IFN application to IAVinfected mice increased morbidity and lung injury, which could be attributed to both DR5 and TRAIL upregulation inducing epithelial cell apoptosis. In line, Pinto et al. (92) reported an impairment of T cell responses upon type IFN induction in West Nile virus infection. keywords: activation; apoptosis; cells; death; disease; epithelial; expression; factor; iav; ifn; induction; infection; influenza; interferon; lung; protein; receptor; response; role; signaling; trail; type; virus cache: cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt plain text: cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt item: #601 of 647 id: cord-344297-qqohijqi author: Smith, Jacqueline title: The early immune response to infection of chickens with Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in susceptible and resistant birds date: 2015-10-09 words: 5080 flesch: 46 summary: An apparently new respiratory disease in baby chicks Studies of infectious coryza of chickens with special reference to its etiology Cultivation of the virus of infectious bronchitis Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus Coronavirus Replication and Interaction with Host Recombinant avian infectious bronchitis virus expressing a heterologous spike gene demonstrates that the spike protein is a determinant of cell tropism Interleukin-6 expression after infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens Review of infectious bronchitis virus around the world Nephropathogenic avian infectious bronchitis viruses The role of phagocytic cells in enhanced susceptibility of broilers to colibacillosis after Infectious Bronchitis Virus infection Ability of Massachusetts-type infectious bronchitis virus to increase colibacillosis susceptibility in commercial broilers: a comparison between vaccine and virulent field virus Diseases of Poultry A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction survey of infectious IBV infection bronchitis virus genotypes in Western Europe from Isolation of a variant infectious bronchitis virus in Australia that further illustrates diversity among emerging strains A novel genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Japan in 2009 Association of the chicken MHC B haplotypes with resistance to avian coronavirus Transcriptional analysis of avian embryonic tissues following infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus Transcriptome of Local Innate and Adaptive Immunity during Early Phase of Infectious Bronchitis Viral Infection Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Investigations into resistance of chicken lines to infection with infectious bronchitis virus Use of highly inbred chickens in research Studies on genetic resistance to Marek's disease Guide to Probe Logarithmic Intensity Error (PLIER) Estimation. Dramatic differences in gene expression of certain genes, including DDT, SRI, BLB1, HSCB, BF1, BF2, SUCLG2, MX1 and SRI, which are more highly expressed in the resistant N line Table S2 shows all 1930 DE probes) keywords: birds; bronchitis; chicken; disease; expression; genes; host; ibv; infection; line; resistance; response; virus cache: cord-344297-qqohijqi.txt plain text: cord-344297-qqohijqi.txt item: #602 of 647 id: cord-345222-otfnrarh author: Ciccarelli, Simona title: Management strategies in the treatment of neonatal and pediatric gastroenteritis date: 2013-10-29 words: 14626 flesch: 33 summary: 107, 108 The protective effects of breastfeeding against gastroenteritis infections have been demonstrated in several studies. 13 Prevention is essential, and all health professionals should ensure caregiver education in the following main principles of prevention: 13 • Full and exclusive breastfeeding that protects against intestinal infections and prevents exposure to environmental contamination. keywords: acute; age; cases; cause; children; coli; diarrhea; disease; gastroenteritis; human; infants; infection; patients; probiotics; pylori; resistance; risk; rotavirus; shigella; stool; strains; study; symptoms; therapy; treatment; vomiting; years cache: cord-345222-otfnrarh.txt plain text: cord-345222-otfnrarh.txt item: #603 of 647 id: cord-345339-kyboibtq author: Steiner, Israel title: Infection and the etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis date: 2001 words: 4288 flesch: 36 summary: Randomized double blind placebo controlled study of interferon b-1a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis Virological aspects of tropical spastic paraparesis/ HTLV-I associated myelopathy and HTLV-I infection Detels R: A case-control study of multiple sclerosis Risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a casecontrol study in Israel Multiple sclerosis and antecedent infections: a case-control study Clinical viral infections and multiple sclerosis Clinical relapses and disease activity on magnetic resonance imaging associated with viral upper respiratory tract infections in multiple sclerosis Evidence for multiple sclerosis as an infectious disease Human herpesvirus 6 Infection of primary human fetal astrocytes by human herpesvirus 6 Plaque-associated expression of human herpesvirus 6 in multiple sclerosis A chronic illness characterized by fatigue, neurologic and immunologic disorders, and active human herpesvirus type 6 infection Fulminant demyelinating encephalomyelitis associated with productive HHV-6 infection in an immunocompetent adult Chronic myelopathy associated with human herpesvirus-6 Human herpesvirus 6 and multiple sclerosis: survey of anti-HHV-6 antibodies by immunofluorescence analysis and of viral sequences by polymerase chain reaction Association of human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) with multiple sclerosis: increased IgM response to HHV-6 early antigen and detection of serum HHV-6 DNA A combined serologic/molecular analysis of possible human herpes virus-6 infection in multiple sclerosis patients Eis-Hubinger AM: Human herpesvirus 6 polymerase chain reaction findings in human immunodeficiency virus associated neurological disease and multiple sclerosis The HHV6 paradox: ubiquitous commensal or insidious pathogen? The Collaborative Research Group on Multiple Sclerosis An important contribution to the concept that a retrovirus might be present in multiple sclerosis patients' nervous system at a higher percentage than in the normal population Detection of virionassociated MSRV-RNA in serum of patients with multiple sclerosis A human endogenous retroviral superantigen as candidate autoimmune gene in type I diabetes The association between multiple sclerosis and infection with Epstein-Barr virus and retrovirus Discussion on the possible combined action of more than one pathogen in inducing central nervous system damage in multiple sclerosis Transactivation of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 by herpes simplex virus type 1 Multiple sclerosis associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of the CNS Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis A systematic analysis of multiple sclerosis patients for evidence of a bacterial infection by a group that has first raised the possibility of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in multiple sclerosis Evidence for infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae in a subgroup of patients with multiple sclerosis Failure to detect Chlamydia pneumoniae in the central nervous system of patients with MS Lack of detectable Chlamydia pneumoniae in brain lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis More mayhem from molecular mimics Microbial epitopes act as altered peptide ligands to prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis On the possible role of antigens of infective agents in modulating the immune response against nervous system constituents keywords: disease; human; immune; infection; patients; sclerosis; virus; viruses cache: cord-345339-kyboibtq.txt plain text: cord-345339-kyboibtq.txt item: #604 of 647 id: cord-345381-9cckppk2 author: Klimek, Ludger title: Use of biologicals in allergic and type-2 inflammatory diseases during the current COVID-19 pandemic: Position paper of Ärzteverband Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA)(A), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Klinische Immunologie (DGAKI)(B), Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin (GPA)(C), Österreichische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (ÖGAI)(D), Luxemburgische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (LGAI)(E), Österreichische Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP)(F) in co-operation with the German, Austrian, and Swiss ARIA groups(G), and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)(H) date: 2020-09-07 words: 6158 flesch: 34 summary: Epub ahead of print SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan High IL-6/IFN-γ ratio could be associated with severe disease in COVID-19 patients The society for immunotherapy of cancer perspective on regulation of interleukin-6 signaling in COVID-19-related systemic inflammatory response Why judiciously timed anti-IL 6 therapy may be of benefit in severe COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 patients with a history of respiratory disease develop ARDS more frequently (58 vs. 42%; 14 vs. 11 patients; of these, 4 vs. 2 patients with asthma; n = 50) ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome. keywords: asthma; atopic; biologicals; cells; coronavirus; course; cov-2; covid-19; disease; infection; pandemic; patients; risk; sars; therapy; treatment; type cache: cord-345381-9cckppk2.txt plain text: cord-345381-9cckppk2.txt item: #605 of 647 id: cord-345472-qrddwebe author: Sebina, Ismail title: The Contribution of Neutrophils to the Pathogenesis of RSV Bronchiolitis date: 2020-07-27 words: 8213 flesch: 23 summary: Mice lacking CCL3 or its receptor CCR1 display significantly reduced numbers of airway neutrophils in response to infection with PVM Intriguingly, in an ex vivo model, this process was diminished, with an agonistic antibody directed against LAIR-1, which was shown to be elevated on airway neutrophils but not on circulating neutrophils [117] . keywords: airway; asthma; bronchiolitis; cells; disease; function; infants; infection; inflammation; lung; mice; neutrophil; production; rsv; rsv bronchiolitis; virus cache: cord-345472-qrddwebe.txt plain text: cord-345472-qrddwebe.txt item: #606 of 647 id: cord-346253-0mnsm6s4 author: Ahanchian, Hamid title: Respiratory viral infections in children with asthma: do they matter and can we prevent them? date: 2012-09-13 words: 7750 flesch: 29 summary: key: cord-346253-0mnsm6s4 authors: Ahanchian, Hamid; Jones, Carmen M; Chen, Yueh-sheng; Sly, Peter D title: Respiratory viral infections in children with asthma: do they matter and can we prevent them? Viral respiratory infections are the major cause of acute asthma exacerbations and may contribute to asthma inception in high risk young children with susceptible genetic background. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; childhood; children; cold; exacerbations; hrv; infections; prevention; probiotics; rhinovirus; risk; rsv; tract; trial; vitamin cache: cord-346253-0mnsm6s4.txt plain text: cord-346253-0mnsm6s4.txt item: #607 of 647 id: cord-346318-d8oq3dyw author: Fang, Yeqing title: Reply: Practical experiences on the prevention and treatment strategies to fight against COVID-19 in hospital date: 2020-05-05 words: 429 flesch: 38 summary: Last but not least, recommend patients using internet hospitals by seeing a doctor online, to reduce the crowds in the hospital and avoid nosocomial infection. The author of the letter described their treatment strategies to contain the epidemic and improve clinical outcomes: increase the medics' protective gear to ensure double-zero infection: no nosocomial infection, no developed into critical or death case; timely control and regulate the inpatient area by adopting the AI and infection control observing system; Two early, three changes and three strictness; early use of traditional Chinese medicine according to characteristics of different persons, etc. keywords: infection; patients cache: cord-346318-d8oq3dyw.txt plain text: cord-346318-d8oq3dyw.txt item: #608 of 647 id: cord-346539-kxnrf5g5 author: Riggioni, Carmen title: A compendium answering 150 questions on COVID‐19 and SARS‐CoV‐2 date: 2020-06-14 words: 15806 flesch: 41 summary: All rights reserved hypersensitivity reactions to drugs may occur more often during the pandemic due to the increased use of drugs and drug interactions, which can result in morbilliform rash, erythroderma, Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Effect of changing case definitions for COVID-19 on the epidemic curve and transmission parameters in mainland China: a modelling study Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19 Eleven faces of coronavirus disease 2019 The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Distribution of ACE2, CD147, cyclophilins, CD26 and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in various human tissues and immune cells in health and disease SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Is an Interferon-Stimulated Gene in Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Is Detected in Specific Cell Subsets across Tissues Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses Distribution of ACE2, CD147, CD26 and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in tissues and immune cells in health and in asthma, COPD, obesity, hypertension, and COVID-19 risk factors TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4 promote SARS-CoV-2 infection of human small intestinal enterocytes The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 Resistance to coronavirus infection in amino peptidase N-deficient pigs Mammalian Glutamyl Aminopeptidase Genes (ENPEP) and Proteins: Comparative Studies of a Major Contributor to Arterial Hypertension Emerging WuHan (COVID-19) coronavirus: glycan shield and structure prediction of spike glycoprotein and its interaction with human CD26 ACE1 polymorphism and progression of SARS Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 Long-term coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 with antibody response in COVID-19 patients Distinct features of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA response in COVID-19 patients The Multifaceted B Cell Response in Allergen Immunotherapy COVID-19 Autopsies EAACI position paper on how to classify cutaneous manifestations of drug hypersensitivity Lung eosinophils-A novel virus sink that is defective in asthma? On the other hand, a retrospective study on SARS patients in Hong Kong suggested a better survival rate in patients treated with prednisolone for milder pneumonia or methylprednisolone in more severe cases. keywords: ace2; article; asthma; cases; cells; children; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; covid-19 patients; data; days; disease; figure; human; infection; non; pandemic; patients; reserved; responses; rights; risk; sars; studies; study; transmission; treatment; use cache: cord-346539-kxnrf5g5.txt plain text: cord-346539-kxnrf5g5.txt item: #609 of 647 id: cord-346673-kyc1wks5 author: NICKBAKHSH, S. title: Extensive multiplex PCR diagnostics reveal new insights into the epidemiology of viral respiratory infections date: 2016-03-02 words: 5419 flesch: 36 summary: The resultant accumulation of data provides a novel opportunity to investigate viral respiratory infections in a more comprehensive fashion than previously possible. Viral respiratory infections were more likely to be detected in winter, in children aged 1-5 years, and in GP attendees, irrespective of the other factors. keywords: age; episodes; infections; influenza; patient; virus; viruses; years cache: cord-346673-kyc1wks5.txt plain text: cord-346673-kyc1wks5.txt item: #610 of 647 id: cord-346836-6jyv0q5e author: Ikegami, Tetsuro title: The Pathogenesis of Rift Valley Fever date: 2011-05-06 words: 10467 flesch: 44 summary: I. General features of the infection Rift valley fever virus hepatitis: Light and electron microscopic studies in the mouse Pathogenicity of different strains of rift valley fever virus in swiss albino mice The feulgen reaction 75 years on Demonstration of nuclear immunofluorescence in rift valley fever infected cells Identification of a major non-structural protein in the nuclei of rift valley fever virus-infected cells The carboxy-terminal acidic domain of rift valley fever virus nss protein is essential for the formation of filamentous structures but not for the nuclear localization of the protein Rapid accumulation of virulent rift valley fever virus in mice from an attenuated virus carrying a single nucleotide substitution in the m rna The susceptibility of rats to rift valley fever in relation to age Pathogenesis of rift valley fever Inbred rat strains mimic the disparate human response to rift valley fever virus infection Pathogenesis of rift valley fever virus (rvfv) in inbred rats Resistance to rift valley fever virus in rattus norvegicus: Genetic variability within certain 'inbred' strains Active and passive immunization against rift valley fever virus infection in syrian hamsters The gerbil, meriones unguiculatus, a model for rift valley fever viral encephalitis Experimental rift valley fever in rhesus macaques Pathogenesis of rift valley fever in rhesus monkeys: Role of interferon response Prevention of rift valley fever in rhesus monkeys with interferon-alpha The infectivity of rift valley fever for monkeys Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis Replication and dissemination of rift valley fever virus in culex pipiens Vector potential of selected north american mosquito species for rift valley fever virus Vector competence of a houston, texas strain of aedes albopictus for rift valley fever virus Report of a fatal laboratory infection complicated by thrombophlebitis Laboratory infections with the virus of rift valley fever Am Rift valley fever : A report of three cases of laboratory infection and the experimental transmission of the disease to ferrets Human infection with rift valley fever virus and immunity twelve years after single attack Rift valley fever; accidental infections among laboratory workers Rift valley fever; i. keywords: cells; days; fever; fever virus; host; infection; liver; mice; nss; patients; protein; rats; replication; rift; rift valley; rna; rvfv; valley; valley fever; virus; week cache: cord-346836-6jyv0q5e.txt plain text: cord-346836-6jyv0q5e.txt item: #611 of 647 id: cord-347000-zxytdb0b author: Foweraker, Juliet title: Recent advances in the microbiology of respiratory tract infection in cystic fibrosis date: 2009-01-20 words: 6701 flesch: 38 summary: Microbiology of sputum from patients at cystic fibrosis centers in the United States Microbiology of lung infection in cystic fibrosis Persistent and aggressive bacteria in the lungs of cystic fibrosis children Report of the UK Cystic Fibrosis Trust's Antibiotic Group Current and novel antimicrobial approaches Lower respiratory infection and inflammation in infants with newly diagnosed cystic fibrosis Population dynamics of persistent Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the airways of cystic fibrosis patients during a 6-year prospective study Prophylactic antibiotics for cystic fibrosis Increased frequency of genomic alterations in Staphylococcus aureus during chronic infection is in part due to phage mobilization High rate of macrolide resistance in Staphylococcus aureus strains from patients with cystic fibrosis reveals high proportions of hypermutable strains Guidelines for the control and prevention of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in healthcare facilities National survey of molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in Belgian cystic fibrosis patients Successful decolonization of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus in paediatric patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) using a threestep protocol Dynamics of long-term colonization of respiratory tract by Haemophilus influenzae in cystic fibrosis patients shows a marked increase in hypermutable strains Hypermutable Haemophilus influenzae with mutations in mutS are found in cystic fibrosis sputum Subinhibitory concentrations of azithromycin decrease nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilm formation and Diminish established biofilms Population structure, antimicrobial resistance, and mutation frequencies of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from cystic fibrosis patients Differences in biofilm development and antibiotic susceptibility among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from cystic fibrosis samples and blood cultures Macrolide antibiotics for cystic fibrosis Increased morbidity associated with chronic infection by an epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain in CF patients Spread of a multiresistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an adult cystic fibrosis clinic Widespread pyocyanin over-production among isolates of a cystic fibrosis epidemic strain Quorum sensing: the power of cooperation in the world of Pseudomonas Highly adherent small-colony variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis lung infection Phenotypic variability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputa from patients with acute infective exacerbation of cystic fibrosis and its impact on the validity of antimicrobial susceptibility testing Recovery of antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from sputa of cystic fibrosis patients by culture on selective media Susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and clinical response to parenteral antibiotic administration: lack of association in cystic fibrosis Microbial pathogenesis in cystic fibrosis: mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia Survey of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from UK patients with cystic fibrosis to six commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents Comparison of methodologies for synergism testing of drug combinations against resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Combination antibiotic susceptibility testing to treat exacerbations of cystic fibrosis associated with multiresistant bacteria: a randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial High frequency of hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis lung infection Hypermutation is a key factor in development of multiple-antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains causing chronic lung infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa hypermutators in cystic fibrosis Physiological heterogeneity in biofilms Clinically feasible biofilm susceptibility assay for isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with cystic fibrosis Genetic adaptation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the airways of cystic fibrosis patients Genetic adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the airways of cystic fibrosis patients is catalyzed by hypermutation Occurrence of multiple genomovars of Burkholderia cepacia in cystic fibrosis patients and proposal of Burkholderia multivorans sp. Research on CF infection has highlighted differences from other respiratory infections—both in the range and the nature of the organisms—especially in chronic infection. keywords: aeruginosa; antibiotics; bacteria; chronic; cystic; fibrosis; infection; lung; patients; pseudomonas; sputum cache: cord-347000-zxytdb0b.txt plain text: cord-347000-zxytdb0b.txt item: #612 of 647 id: cord-347039-eap592i7 author: Lee, Seung-Hwan title: Maneuvering for advantage: the genetics of mouse susceptibility to virus infection date: 2003-08-31 words: 6191 flesch: 32 summary: To date more than 30 mouse loci (Table 1 ) and many fewer human genes ( Table 2 ) have been associated with the outcome of virus infection [1, 2] . In this review we illustrate the contribution of mouse genetics to our understanding of mechanisms of host resistance to virus infection. keywords: cells; class; gene; host; human; infection; mhc; mice; mouse; receptor; resistance; strains; susceptibility; virus cache: cord-347039-eap592i7.txt plain text: cord-347039-eap592i7.txt item: #613 of 647 id: cord-347064-ljd121no author: José, Ricardo J. title: Opportunistic bacterial, viral and fungal infections of the lung date: 2016-05-05 words: 2953 flesch: 27 summary: Opportunistic lung infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality for patients immunocompromised because of HIV infection, haematological malignancy, aplastic anaemia or chemotherapy treatment, or who are recipients of solid-organ or stem cell transplants, and also can complicate treatment with the new biological therapies for inflammatory conditions. In selected patients, early bronchoscopy increases the yield of microbiological identification of a potential pathogen C Prolonged high-dose glucocorticoids (>20 mg/day for >21 days) predispose to Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) C Biological agents are associated with specific immune defects that increase the risk of opportunistic lung infections (e.g. tumour necrosis factor-a inhibitors and risk of mycobacterial disease, endemic fungi and Legionella pneumophila; anti-CD20 drugs and mycobacterial disease, cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and PJP keywords: cell; cmv; diagnosis; disease; infection; lung; patients; treatment cache: cord-347064-ljd121no.txt plain text: cord-347064-ljd121no.txt item: #614 of 647 id: cord-347246-0vofftmj author: Everitt, J I title: Infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract: implications for toxicology studies. date: 1990-04-17 words: 3576 flesch: 24 summary: Recent Results Cancer Res Mycoplasmal infections: disease pathogenesis, implications for biomedical research, and control The pathogenic potential of mycoplasmas: Mycoplasma pulmonis as a model Murine respiratory mycoplasmosis, upper respiratory tract, rat Enhancement of natural and experimental respiratory mycoplasmosis in rats by hexamethylphosphoramide Pulmonary response to inhaled hexamethylphosphoramide in rats Y Carcinogenic and toxicologic effects of inhaled ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in F344 rats isolation, propagation, and characterization of a newly recognized pathogen, cilia-associated respiratory bacillus of rats, an etiological agent of chronic respiratory disease Cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus infection of obese mice Aspergillus rhinitis in Wistar (Crl:(WI)BR) rats Toxicology: complications caused by murine viruses and mycoplasmas The influence of infection on the metabolism of foreign compounds The effect of cyclophosphamide on Sendai virus infection of mice Effect of PR-8 viral respiratory infection on benzo Possible consequences of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases in nasal tissues Research complications and state of knowledge of rodent coronaviruses Mouse hepatitis S in weanling mice following intranasal inoculation Sendai virus infection has been well described for mice (11) (12) (13) , and recently the course of experimental infection in the rat has been reported (14) . keywords: infection; lesions; mice; nasal; rats; sendai; studies; tract; virus cache: cord-347246-0vofftmj.txt plain text: cord-347246-0vofftmj.txt item: #615 of 647 id: cord-347460-9vechh4x author: Chang, Feng-Yee title: Immunologic aspects of characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) date: 2020-06-04 words: 8058 flesch: 38 summary: Effect of interferon alpha and cyclosporine treatment separately and in combination on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) replication in a human in-vitro and ex-vivo culture model Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to S1 protein that blocks receptor association Human monoclonal antibody combination against SARS coronavirus: synergy and coverage of escape mutants Experience of using convalescent plasma for severe acute respiratory syndrome among healthcare workers in a Taiwan hospital Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19 Immune evasion of porcine enteric coronaviruses and viral modulation of antiviral innate signaling Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirusencoded ORF8b strongly antagonizes IFN-beta promoter activation: its implication for vaccine design Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by Coronavirus-19 (COVI-19 or SARS-CoV-2): anti-inflammatory strategies Lianhuaqingwen exerts anti-viral and antiinflammatory activity against novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) It is interesting to note that higher levels of IL-1, IL-12, IFN-gamma, IL-8, and CXCL9, in addition to the cytokines and chemokines mentioned above, were also observed in SARS patients with severe diseases. keywords: antibodies; cells; coronavirus; cov; cov-2; covid-19; cytokine; disease; human; infection; mers; patients; protein; sars; syndrome; treatment; vaccine cache: cord-347460-9vechh4x.txt plain text: cord-347460-9vechh4x.txt item: #616 of 647 id: cord-347761-wgodcsav author: Cant, Andrew title: Infections in the Immunocompromised date: 2009-10-24 words: 5993 flesch: 35 summary: Pneumonitis and bronchiolitis are the most common presentations of respiratory infection, but lobar pneumonia may also occur. A review of respiratory viral infection in children with primary immune deficiencies in a HSCT unit found 22 of 73 patients admitted for HSCT had respiratory viral infection. keywords: adenovirus; blood; children; diagnosis; hsct; infection; patients; tract; treatment; virus cache: cord-347761-wgodcsav.txt plain text: cord-347761-wgodcsav.txt item: #617 of 647 id: cord-348844-4rpbsj48 author: Wessel, Lindsay title: Public health interventions for epidemics: implications for multiple infection waves date: 2011-02-25 words: 4682 flesch: 34 summary: key: cord-348844-4rpbsj48 authors: Wessel, Lindsay; Hua, Yi; Wu, Jianhong; Moghadas, Seyed M title: Public health interventions for epidemics: implications for multiple infection waves date: 2011-02-25 journal: BMC Public Health DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-s1-s2 sha: doc_id: 348844 cord_uid: 4rpbsj48 BACKGROUND: Epidemics with multiple infection waves have been documented for some human diseases, most notably during past influenza pandemics. In this study, we consider the occurrence of multiple infection waves of a pathogen from a public health perspective, and develop mathematical models to investigate how intervention measures may affect the transmission dynamics in a population. keywords: disease; epidemic; infection; model; pathogen; treatment cache: cord-348844-4rpbsj48.txt plain text: cord-348844-4rpbsj48.txt item: #618 of 647 id: cord-349298-8s69wprh author: MUNYWOKI, P. K. title: Influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) shedding date: 2014-06-05 words: 3882 flesch: 45 summary: The present study revealed instances where negative samples arose within RSV infection episodes. The rate of recovery from RSV infection was age-dependent. keywords: days; duration; episodes; infection; rsv; shedding; study; virus cache: cord-349298-8s69wprh.txt plain text: cord-349298-8s69wprh.txt item: #619 of 647 id: cord-349396-a6zyioc1 author: Tsurumi, Amy title: Multi-biomarker Prediction Models for Multiple Infection Episodes Following Blunt Trauma date: 2020-10-07 words: 4602 flesch: 25 summary: CD96 Emerges as Modulator of Immune Responses Increases in mortality, length of stay, and cost associated with hospital-acquired infections in trauma patients The Intestinal Microbiome in Infectious Diseases: The Clinical Relevance of a Rapidly Emerging Field Predictors of mortality in geriatric trauma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Failure to normalize lymphopenia following trauma is associated with increased mortality Deaths: Leading Causes for 2016 Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources Innate immune responses to trauma Hepatocyte growth factor in physiology and infectious diseases Sterile post-traumatic immunosuppression Trauma severity scoring systems as predictors of nosocomial infection arrayQualityMetrics--a bioconductor package for quality assessment of microarray data APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system Causal analysis approaches in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis The global burden of injuries Building Predictive Models in R Using the caret Package Why significant variables aren't automatically good predictors Immunonutrition -the influence of early postoperative glutamine supplementation in enteral/parenteral nutrition on immune response, wound healing and length of hospital stay in multiple trauma patients and patients after extensive surgery Why have clinical trials in sepsis failed? Crisis Standards of Care Planning Guidance for the COVID-19 Pandemic (Department of Public Health, Executive Office of Health and Human Services) Crisis Standards of Care: A Toolkit for Indicators and Triggers A Model Hospital Policy for Allocating Scarce Critical Care Resources Drug for severe sepsis is withdrawn from market, fails to reduce mortality Simplified estimates of the probability of death after burn injuries: extending and updating the baux score Leukocytosis as prognostic indicator of major injury Integrating Predictive Analytics Into High-Value Care: The Dawn of Precision Delivery Potential Expanded Indications for Neprilysin Inhibitors limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves EMA -A R package for Easy Microarray data analysis epiR: Tools for the Analysis of Epidemiological Data A comprehensive time-coursebased multicohort analysis of sepsis and sterile inflammation reveals a robust diagnostic gene set Risk Stratification and Prognosis in Sepsis: What Have We Learned from Microarrays? Infection control in the multidrug-resistant era: tending the human microbiome Immunosuppression after trauma The long noncoding RNAs NEAT1 and MALAT1 bind active chromatin sites gcrma: Among trauma patients, infections and infections-related complications contribute to substantial mortality and morbidity, and prolonged hospital stay, significantly adding to health care costs (Cole et al., 2014; Dutton et al., 2010; Glance et al., 2011; Hashmi et al., 2014) . keywords: cases; immune; infections; miie; patients; response; study; trauma cache: cord-349396-a6zyioc1.txt plain text: cord-349396-a6zyioc1.txt item: #620 of 647 id: cord-349647-cfjrwt44 author: Girkin, Jason title: Chapter 8 In vivo experimental models of infection and disease date: 2019-12-31 words: 12502 flesch: 25 summary: The expansion of mouse RV infection models has paralleled our understanding of RV biology in humans. 138À140 One of the biggest developments in mouse RV infection models was the protocol for isolation of highly purified, concentrated (high titers) of RV from Henrietta Lacks (HeLa) immortalized human epithelial cell lines and later, the intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) transfected rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. keywords: airway; asthma; cells; copd; disease; exacerbations; human; infection; inflammation; lung; mice; models; mouse; production; responses; rhinovirus; rv infection; studies; study; subjects; treatment cache: cord-349647-cfjrwt44.txt plain text: cord-349647-cfjrwt44.txt item: #621 of 647 id: cord-349821-5ykwwq75 author: Ippolito, G. title: Biological weapons: Hospital preparedness to bioterrorism and other infectious disease emergencies date: 2006-09-09 words: 6506 flesch: 28 summary: The phases of the traditional disaster management cycle (preparation, response, recovery and mitigation) are paralleled in infectious disease emergency management by preparedness (activities undertaken before an event, including planning, training, and undertaking practice drills and exercises to test the plans); surveillance and detection (recognising that an infectious disease emergency is occurring); and response, control and containment (the clinical, public health and other measures that minimise the health, social and economic consequences of the incident). [68] ; further links to additional sources can be found at http://www.ecdc.eu.int/. All clinicians must remain open to the possibility that they may be the first person to recognise a deliberate release or other infectious disease emergency; must be prepared to consult urgently with their local infectious disease specialist, clinical microbiologist and public health department on suspicion alone, without waiting for a definitive diagnosis, and must remain alert to the unusual, the unexpected and the case that 'just doesn't fit'. keywords: anthrax; cases; control; disease; emergency; health; hospital; infection; influenza; laboratory; management; preparedness; public; response; sars cache: cord-349821-5ykwwq75.txt plain text: cord-349821-5ykwwq75.txt item: #622 of 647 id: cord-350186-fogm1gkg author: MAMMAS, IOANNIS N. title: Current views and advances on Paediatric Virology: An update for paediatric trainees date: 2015-11-24 words: 6150 flesch: 29 summary: The impact of viral infections on the long-term outcomes of prematurely born infants School age outcome of hospitalisation with respiratory syncytial virus infection of prematurely born infants RSV hospitalisation and healthcare utilisation in moderately prematurely born infants Prospective study of healthcare utilisation and respiratory morbidity due to RSV infection in prematurely born infants Lung function of preterm infants before and after viral infections Viral lower respiratory tract infections and preterm infants' healthcare utilisation Lung function prior to viral lower respiratory tract infections in prematurely born infants Genetic predisposition of RSV infection-related respiratory morbidity in preterm infants Rhinovirus infection and healthcare utilisation in prematurely born infants Defeating polio: Vaccine anniversary (1955-2015) European Centre for Disease Prevention and control: Risk assessment: Wild-type poliovirus 1 transmission in Israel -what is the risk to the EU/EEA? Hepatitis B. Fact sheet No Natural history of hepatitis B virus infection: pediatric perspective Chronic hepatitis B Exploring the biological basis of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B virus infection Cellular immune response to HBcAg in mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus Immune tolerance split between hepatitis B virus precore and core proteins The e antigen and vertical transmission of hepatitis B surface antigen e antigen and anti-e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants Studies on the maternal-infant transmission of the hepatitis B virus and HBV infection within families Genotypes and genetic variability of hepatitis B virus Understanding the factors affecting human papillomavirus vaccination acceptance among adolescents 1883-1962): keywords: children; disease; hepatitis; hpv; human; infants; infection; mcpyv; polio; rsv; vaccination; vaccine; virology; virus cache: cord-350186-fogm1gkg.txt plain text: cord-350186-fogm1gkg.txt item: #623 of 647 id: cord-350618-rtilfnzi author: Lambelet, Valentine title: Sars‐CoV‐2 in the context of past coronaviruses epidemics: Consideration for prenatal care date: 2020-05-26 words: 7296 flesch: 45 summary: Regarding fetal growth surveillance, RCOG recommends an antenatal ultrasound fourteen days after acute illness resolution for hospitalized patients, while ACOG suggests a 3 rd trimester ultrasound for COVID-19 pregnant women infected in 2 nd and 3 rd trimester. For COVID‐19 infection, only 9 cases of maternal death have been reported as of April 22, 2020 and pregnant women seem to develop the same clinical presentation as the general population. keywords: article; cases; clinical; copyright; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; fetal; infection; outcomes; patients; pregnancy; rights; sars; women cache: cord-350618-rtilfnzi.txt plain text: cord-350618-rtilfnzi.txt item: #624 of 647 id: cord-350715-x92g6bnk author: Zheng, Yutong title: Analysis of the application value of serum antibody detection for staging of COVID‐19 infection date: 2020-07-23 words: 1499 flesch: 49 summary: In the early stages of the epidemic, nucleic acid detection was taken as direct evidence of infection. However, the accuracy of nucleic acid detection was affected by the quality of detection kits, sample collection methods, operator ability, RNA stability, patient condition and concurrent drug use 6 keywords: acid; detection; infection; nucleic; stage cache: cord-350715-x92g6bnk.txt plain text: cord-350715-x92g6bnk.txt item: #625 of 647 id: cord-350749-ihkxouz8 author: Panda, Aditya K title: Plasmodium falciparum Infection May Protect a Population from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection date: 2020-07-29 words: 749 flesch: 29 summary: Epidemiology of seasonal coronaviruses: establishing the context for the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 Plasmodium co-infection protects against chikungunya virus-induced pathologies A virus hosted in malaria-infected blood protects against T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases by impairing DC function in a type I IFN-dependent manner To B or not to B: understanding B cell responses in the development of malaria infection IgM in human immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria Natural antibody and complement mediate neutralization of influenza virus in the absence of prior immunity Immunological correlates in Plasmodium falciparum infection with special reference to cerebral malaria Naturally-occurring anti-alphagalactosyl antibodies in human Plasmodium falciparum infections-a possible role for autoantibodies in malaria COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India To validate our observation, we investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 in the Plasmodium falciparum-endemic area of Odisha, India, Odisha is highly endemic for P. falciparum infection. keywords: antibodies; infection; malaria cache: cord-350749-ihkxouz8.txt plain text: cord-350749-ihkxouz8.txt item: #626 of 647 id: cord-350928-vj5qlzpj author: Arnott, Alicia title: Human bocavirus amongst an all‐ages population hospitalised with acute lower respiratory infections in Cambodia date: 2012-04-25 words: 4341 flesch: 46 summary: The incidence of HBoV did not vary between the consecutive seasons investigated, and HBoV infections were detected year‐round. The incidence of HBoV infection was highest in patients aged <2 years, with pneumonia or bronchopneumonia the most common clinical diagnosis, regardless of age. keywords: bocavirus; cambodian; children; hbov; human; infection; patients; sequences; study cache: cord-350928-vj5qlzpj.txt plain text: cord-350928-vj5qlzpj.txt item: #627 of 647 id: cord-351319-ylg93l9q author: Evers, Dorothea title: Red cell alloimmunisation in patients with different types of infections date: 2016-08-18 words: 5102 flesch: 32 summary: key: cord-351319-ylg93l9q authors: Evers, Dorothea; van der Bom, Johanna G.; Tijmensen, Janneke; Middelburg, Rutger A.; de Haas, Masja; Zalpuri, Saurabh; de Vooght, Karen M. K.; van de Kerkhof, Daan; Visser, Otto; Péquériaux, Nathalie C. V.; Hudig, Francisca; Zwaginga, Jaap Jan title: Red cell alloimmunisation in patients with different types of infections date: 2016-08-18 journal: ‘Simple’ bacterial infections, Gram‐positive bacteraemia, fungal infections, maximum C‐reactive protein values and leucocytosis were not associated with red cell alloimmunisation. keywords: alloimmunisation; cell; et al; gram; infections; patients; period; red; risk; study; transfusion cache: cord-351319-ylg93l9q.txt plain text: cord-351319-ylg93l9q.txt item: #628 of 647 id: cord-351490-2fx0w30u author: Russell, Clark D. title: Treatable traits and therapeutic targets: Goals for systems biology in infectious disease date: 2017-04-27 words: 4151 flesch: 29 summary: The multifunctional NS1 protein of influenza A viruses Mechanisms of HIV-1 to escape from the host immune surveillance Role of protein A in the evasion of host adaptive immune responses by Staphylococcus aureus Evolution of innate immunity: clues from invertebrates via fish to mammals Origin and evolution of the adaptive immune system: genetic events and selective pressures siRNA screening has been used as a genomewide approach to identify such host factors for influenza virus infection. keywords: data; disease; host; infection; patients; response; systems; therapeutic; therapies; virus cache: cord-351490-2fx0w30u.txt plain text: cord-351490-2fx0w30u.txt item: #629 of 647 id: cord-352178-irjhmxsg author: Saxton-Shaw, Kali D. title: O'nyong nyong Virus Molecular Determinants of Unique Vector Specificity Reside in Non-Structural Protein 3 date: 2013-01-24 words: 5960 flesch: 44 summary: The use of chimeric Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses as an approach for the molecular identification of natural virulence determinants Structural and nonstructural protein genome regions of eastern equine encephalitis virus are determinants of interferon sensitivity and murine virulence Vector infection determinants of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus reside within the E2 envelope glycoprotein Determinants of vector specificity of o'nyong nyong and chikungunya viruses in Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes Intracellular immunization of mosquito cells to LaCrosse virus using a recombinant Sindbis virus vector Manual for Mosquito Rearing and Experimental Techniques Virulence variation among isolates of western equine encephalitis virus in an outbred mouse model Lineage replacement accompanying duplication and rapid fixation of an RNA element in the nsP3 gene in a species of alphavirus Evolution and taxonomy of positive-strand RNA viruses: implications of comparative analysis of amino acid sequences Evolutionary conservation of histone macroH2A subtypes and domains Functions of alphavirus nonstructural proteins in RNA replication Amino acid mutations in the replicase protein nsP3 of Semliki Forest virus cumulatively affect neurovirulence Deletion and duplication mutations in the C-terminal nonconserved region of Sindbis virus nsP3: effects on phosphorylation and on virus replication in vertebrate and invertebrate cells SH3 Domain-Mediated Recruitment of Host Cell Amphiphysins by Alphavirus nsP3 Promotes Viral RNA Replication Deletions in the hypervariable domain of the nsP3 gene attenuate Semliki Forest virus virulence In vitro synthesis of infectious venezuelan equine encephalitis virus RNA from a cDNA clone: analysis of a viable deletion mutant Semliki Forest virusspecific non-structural protein nsP3 is a phosphoprotein Phosphorylation of Sindbis virus nsP3 in vivo and in vitro Elimination of phosphorylation sites of Semliki Forest virus replicase protein nsP3 Phosphorylation site analysis of Semliki forest virus nonstructural protein 3 Deletion mapping of Sindbis virus DI RNAs derived from cDNAs defines the sequences essential for replication and packaging Mutagenesis of the 39 nontranslated region of Sindbis virus RNA The 39 untranslated region of sindbis virus represses deadenylation of viral transcripts in mosquito and Mammalian cells We would like to thank Andrea Peterson for maintaining the An. gambiae, G3 colony used in this study. When ONNV non-structural protein 3 (nsP3) replaced nsP3 from CHIKV virus in one of the chimeric viruses, infection rates in An. gambiae went from 0% to 63.5%. keywords: chikv; chimeric; gambiae; genome; infection; mosquito; nsp3; onnv; rates; region; replication; virus; viruses cache: cord-352178-irjhmxsg.txt plain text: cord-352178-irjhmxsg.txt item: #630 of 647 id: cord-352222-zq9o66i4 author: Rajatonirina, Soatiana title: Outcome Risk Factors during Respiratory Infections in a Paediatric Ward in Antananarivo, Madagascar 2010–2012 date: 2013-09-12 words: 4140 flesch: 44 summary: We conducted a prospective study in a paediatric ward in Antananarivo from November 2010 to July 2012 including patients under 5 years old suffering from respiratory infections. Respiratory infections are a major cause of infectious diseaserelated morbidity, hospitalisation, and mortality among children under 5 years old worldwide, and particularly in developing countries [1] . keywords: children; hospitalisation; infections; influenza; months; patients; pneumonia; study cache: cord-352222-zq9o66i4.txt plain text: cord-352222-zq9o66i4.txt item: #631 of 647 id: cord-352230-8mazd3eu author: Beeraka, Narasimha M. title: Strategies for Targeting SARS CoV-2: Small Molecule Inhibitors—The Current Status date: 2020-09-18 words: 9423 flesch: 23 summary: A second, non-canonical RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in SARS Coronavirus Zn2+ inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Molecular cloning, expression, and purification of SARS-CoV nsp13 Multiple enzymatic activities associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus helicase Inhibition of SARS coronavirus helicase by bismuth complexes Bismuth complexes inhibit the SARS coronavirus Human monoclonal antibody as prophylaxis for SARS coronavirus infection in ferrets Single-dose intranasal administration with mDEF201 (adenovirus vectored mouse interferon-alpha) confers protection from mortality in a lethal SARS-CoV BALB/c mouse model Interferon alfacon 1 inhibits SARS-CoV infection in human bronchial epithelial Calu-3 cells A new mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV as a lethal model for evaluating antiviral agents in vitro and in vivo Toll like receptor-3 ligand poly-ICLC promotes the efficacy of peripheral vaccinations with tumor antigen-derived peptide epitopes in murine CNS tumor models Nonstructural proteins 7 and 8 of feline coronavirus form a 2: 1 heterotrimer that exhibits primer-independent RNA polymerase activity New nsp8 isoform suggests mechanism for tuning viral RNA synthesis Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies A trial of lopinavirritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19 The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 Trypsin treatment unlocks barrier for zoonotic bat coronavirus infection Twoyear prospective study of the humoral immune response of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensinconverting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase Evaluation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), its homologue ACE2 and neprilysin in angiotensin peptide metabolism ACE2: from vasopeptidase to SARS virus receptor Structure-based pharmacophore design and virtual screening for novel angiotensin converting enzyme 2 inhibitors Role of the ACE2/angiotensin 1-7 axis of the renin-angiotensin system in heart failure Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), but not ACE, is preferentially localized to the apical surface of polarized kidney cells ACE2-mediated reduction of oxidative stress in the central nervous system is associated with improvement of autonomic function Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 Evaluation of interferon inducers, ribavirin and mouse hyperimmune serum in a pathogenesis/lethal mouse model using a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV Enhancement of the infectivity of SARS-CoV in BALB/c mice by IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors, including ribavirin Is the anti-psychotic, 10-(3-(dimethylamino) propyl) phenothiazine (promazine), a potential drug with which to treat SARS infections?: The molecular biology of SARS coronavirus An overall picture of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) genome-encoded major proteins: structures, functions and drug development M and N proteins of SARS coronavirus induce apoptosis in HPF cells The SARS-Coronavirus Membrane protein induces apoptosis through modulating the Akt survival pathway Ribonucleocapsid formation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus through molecular action of the N-terminal domain of N protein Structure of the SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein RNA-binding dimerization domain suggests a mechanism for helical packaging of viral RNA Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 7a accessory protein is a viral structural protein SARS coronavirus 7a protein blocks cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase via the cyclin D3/pRb pathway SARS coronavirus protein 7a interacts with human Ap 4 A-hydrolase Using siRNA in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens against SARS coronavirus in Rhesus macaque siRNA targeting the leader sequence of SARS-CoV inhibits virus replication Inhibition of genes expression of SARS coronavirus by synthetic small interfering RNAs Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus replication by small interfering RNAs in mammalian cells Inhibition of SARS-CoV replication by siRNA Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of small interfering RNA targeting SARS coronavirus Screening of drugs by FRET analysis identifies inhibitors of SARS-CoV 3CL protease Recent developments in anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus chemotherapy Deubiquitinating activity of the SARS-CoV papain-like protease Selectivity in ISG15 and ubiquitin recognition by the SARS coronavirus papain-like protease Drug design targeting the main protease, the Achilles' heel of coronaviruses Characterization and inhibition of SARScoronavirus main protease Enzymatic activity of the SARS coronavirus main proteinase dimer keywords: acute; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; efficacy; entry; host; human; infection; influenza; inhibitors; lung; novel; protease; protein; receptor; replication; sars; stress; studies; syndrome; tmprss2 cache: cord-352230-8mazd3eu.txt plain text: cord-352230-8mazd3eu.txt item: #632 of 647 id: cord-352433-sts48u9i author: Galanti, Marta title: Direct Observation of Repeated Infections With Endemic Coronaviruses date: 2020-07-07 words: 3831 flesch: 37 summary: bioRxiv Influenza A: infection and reinfection Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease Influenza A reinfection in sequential human challenge: implications for protective immunity and universal vaccine development Immunity to and frequency of reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus Molecular analysis of respiratory syncytial virus reinfections in infants from coastal Kenya Rises in titers of antibody to human coronaviruses OC43 and 229E in Seattle families during 1975-1979 Prolonged shedding of rhinovirus and re-infection in adults with respiratory tract illness Longitudinal active sampling for respiratory viral infections across age groups Asymptomatic summertime shedding of respiratory viruses Repeated Endemic Coronavirus Infection â�¢ jid 2020:XX (XX XXXX First infection by all four non-severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronaviruses takes place during childhood Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups Development of a nucleocapsid-based human coronavirus immunoassay and estimates of individuals exposed to coronavirus in a U.S. metropolitan population Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus strain 229 E The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man Middle East respiratory syndrome vaccines Antibody to virus components in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus 229E group viruses Viral infections of humans Neutralizing antibody decay and lack of contact transmission after inoculation of 3-and 4-day-old piglets with porcine respiratory coronavirus Effective clearance of mouse hepatitis virus from the central nervous system requires both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells Longitudinal profile of antibodies against SARS-coronavirus in SARS patients and their clinical significance Persistence of antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes Genetic associations with viral respiratory illnesses and asthma control in children Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age keywords: coronavirus; individuals; infection; respiratory; sars; study; symptom; weeks cache: cord-352433-sts48u9i.txt plain text: cord-352433-sts48u9i.txt item: #633 of 647 id: cord-353190-7qcoxl81 author: Nicklas, Werner title: Viral Infections of Laboratory Mice date: 2012-05-17 words: 27792 flesch: 37 summary: The term murine hepatitis virus (MHV; commonly referred to as 'mouse hepatitis virus') A model for the study of viral infection, pathogenesis, and clearance Histopathological characterization of the naturally occurring hepatotropic virus infections of nude mice Detection methods for the identification of rodent viral and mycoplasmal infections Reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction detection and nucleic acid sequence confirmation of reovirus infection in laboratory mice with discordant serologic indirect immunofluorescence assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results Diagnosis of murine infections in relation to test methods employed Reovirus 3 not detected by reverse transcriptase-mediated polymerase chain reaction analysis of preserved tissue from infants with cholestatic liver disease Detection of reovirus type 3 by use of fluorogenic nuclease reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Detection of reovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using primers corresponding to conserved regions of the viral L1 genome segment Isolation of a non-pathogenic tumour-destroying virus from mouse ascites An oncolytic virus recovered from Swiss mice during passage of an ascites tumour Mouse hepatitis virus Enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus Effects of air temperature and relative humidity on coronavirus survival on surfaces Asymptomatic infection of mouse hepatitis virus in the rat Effects of experimental infection of the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) with mouse hepatitis virus Isolation of a latent murine hepatitis virus from cultured mouse liver cells Induction of lytic plaques by murine leukemia virus in murine sarcoma virus-transformed nonproducer mouse cells persistently infected with mouse hepatitis virus MHV-S Mouse hepatitis virus biology and epizootiology The cellular and molecular pathogenesis of coronaviruses Enterotropic coronavirus (mouse hepatitis virus) in mice: influence of host age and strain on infection and disease Response of genetically susceptible and resistant mice to intranasal inoculation with mouse hepatitis virus JHM Duration of mouse hepatitis virus infection: studies in immunocompetent and chemically immunosuppressed mice Effective clearance of mouse hepatitis virus from the central nervous system requires both CD4þ and CD8þ T cells Role of CD4þ and CD8þ T cells in mouse hepatitis virus infection in mice Antibody prevents virus reactivation within the central nervous system Mouse hepatitis virus Enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus infection in nude mice Persistent transmission of mouse hepatitis virus by transgenic mice Duration of challenge immunity to coronavirus JHM in mice Virus strain specificity of challenge immunity to coronavirus Duration and strain-specificity of immunity to enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus Passively acquired challenge immunity to enterotropic coronavirus in mice Epizootic coronaviral typhlocolitis in suckling mice Isolation of mouse hepatitis virus from infant mice with fatal diarrhea Thymus involution induced by mouse hepatitis virus A59 in BALB/c mice Adverse effects of mouse hepatitis virus on ascites myeloma passage in the BALB/eJ mouse Murine hepatitis virus strain 1 produces a clinically relevant model of severe acute respiratory syndrome in A/J mice Tolllike receptor 4 deficiency increases disease and mortality after mouse hepatitis virus type 1 infection of susceptible C3H mice Granulomatous peritonitis and pleuritis in interferon-gamma gene knockout mice naturally infected with mouse hepatitis virus Pathogenesis of enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice Vertical transmission of mouse hepatitis virus infection in mice Tissue distribution and duration of mouse hepatitis virus in naturally infected immunocompetent ICR (CD-1) and immunodeficient athymic nudenu mouse strains used for ovarian transplantation and in vitro fertilization Rederivation of inbred strains of mice by means of embryo transfer Risk assessment of mouse hepatitis virus infection via in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer by the use of zona-intact and laser-microdissected oocytes Mouse hepatitis virus immunofluorescence in formalin-or Bouin's-fixed tissues using trypsin digestion Comparison of isolation in cell culture with conventional and modified mouse antibody production tests for detection of murine viruses Monoclonal antibody solution hybridization assay for detection of mouse hepatitis virus infection Detection of rodent coronaviruses in tissues and cell cultures by using polymerase chain reaction Sequence analysis and molecular detection of mouse hepatitis virus using the polymerase chain reaction Detection of mouse hepatitis virus by the polymerase chain reaction and its application to the rapid diagnosis of infection Detection of rodent coronaviruses by use of fluorogenic reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis An immunofluorescence test for detection of serum antibody to rodent coronaviruses Simultaneous detection of antibodies to mouse hepatitis virus recombinant structural proteins by a microsphere-based multiplex fluorescence immunoassay Differences in antibody production against mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) among mouse strains Maternally-derived passive immunity to enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus Mouse hepatitis virus: molecular biology and implications for pathogenesis Maintenance of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells persistently infected with murine coronavirus Replication of murine coronaviruses in mouse embryonic stem cell lines. keywords: age; animals; antibodies; antibody; cells; choriomeningitis; clinical; colonies; days; detection; disease; experimental; hepatitis; hepatitis virus; host; immune; infection; inoculation; laboratory; laboratory mice; lesions; mhv; mice; mouse; mousepox; murine; parvovirus; pcr; research; results; strains; testing; transmission; virus; virus infection; viruses; weeks cache: cord-353190-7qcoxl81.txt plain text: cord-353190-7qcoxl81.txt item: #634 of 647 id: cord-353214-qo98m7jx author: Jhaveri, Ravi title: Fever Without Localizing Signs date: 2017-07-18 words: 3693 flesch: 35 summary: Management of the non-toxicappearing acutely febrile child: a 21st century approach Changing epidemiology of serious bacterial infections in febrile infants without localizing signs Changing epidemiology of bacteremia in infants aged 1 week to 3 months Identification of infants unlikely to have serious bacterial infection although hospitalized for suspected sepsis Serious bacterial infections in febrile infants 1 to 90 days old with and without viral infections Influenza virus infection and the risk of serious bacterial infections in young febrile infants Risk of serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections Diagnosis and outcomes of enterovirus infections in young infants Risk factors for development of bacterial meningitis among children with occult bacteremia Urinary tract infections in young febrile children Management of febrile children in the age of the conjugate pneumococcal vaccine: a cost-effectiveness analysis Should blood cultures be obtained in the evaluation of young febrile children without evident focus of bacterial infection? Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Trends in perinatal group B streptococcal disease-United States Influenza virus infection in infants less than three months of age Influenza virus infection and the risk of serious bacterial infections in young febrile infants Risk of serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections Diagnosis and outcomes of enterovirus infections in young infants Bacteremia in febrile children seen in a walk-in pediatric clinic Risk factors for development of bacterial meningitis among children with occult bacteremia Complications of occult pneumococcal bacteremia in children Unsuspected meningococcemia Unsuspected bacteremia due to Haemophilus influenzae: outcome in children not initially admitted to hospital Bacteremia in febrile children under 2 years of age: results of cultures of blood of 600 consecutive febrile children seen in a walk-in clinic A comparative study of the prevalence, outcome, and prediction of bacteremia in children Temperature greater than or equal to 40 C in children less than 24 months of age: a prospective study Occult pneumococcal bacteremia: what happens to the child who appears well at reevaluation? Reevaluation of outpatients with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia Outcomes of febrile children without localising signs after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Prevalence of occult bacteremia in children aged 3 to 36 months presenting to the emergency department with fever in the postpneumococcal conjugate vaccine era An analysis of pediatric blood cultures in the postpneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in a community hospital emergency department Incidence of occult bacteremia among highly febrile young children in the era of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: a study from a Children's Hospital Emergency Department and Urgent Care Center Occult bacteremia from a pediatric emergency department: current prevalence, time to detection, and outcome Serotype prevalence of occult pneumococcal bacteremia Urinary tract infections in young febrile children Antimicrobial treatment of occult bacteremia: a multicenter cooperative study Quantitative blood cultures in childhood bacteremia Detection and quantitation of bacteremia in childhood Comparison of acute-phase reactants in pediatric patients with fever Early diagnosis of bacteremia by buffy-coat examinations Relationship between the magnitude of bacteremia in children and the clinical disease Temperature and total white blood cell count as indicators of bacteremia Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as diagnostic markers of severe bacterial infections in febrile infants and children in the emergency department History and observation variables in assessing febrile children Role of the complete blood count in detecting occult focal bacterial infection in the young febrile child Costs and infant outcomes after implementation of a care process model for febrile infants Febrile children with no focus of infection: a survey of their management by primary care physicians Hospitalization v outpatient treatment of young, febrile infants Iatrogenic risks and financial costs of hospitalizing febrile infants Management of young, febrile infants Vulnerable children: parents' perspectives and the use of medical care The efficacy of routine outpatient management without antibiotics of fever in selected infants Impact of rapid viral testing for influenza A and B viruses on management of febrile infants without signs of focal infection Impact of a false positive blood culture result on the management of febrile children Effects of obtaining a blood culture on subsequent management of young febrile children without an evident focus of infection keywords: bacteremia; children; infants; infection; months; risk cache: cord-353214-qo98m7jx.txt plain text: cord-353214-qo98m7jx.txt item: #635 of 647 id: cord-353786-284qn075 author: Chen, Zhi-Min title: Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus date: 2020-02-05 words: 3552 flesch: 43 summary: Following latest National recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infections caused by 2019-nCoV (the 4th edition) and current status of clinical practice in Zhejiang Province, recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection caused by 2019-nCoV for children were drafted out by the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine to further standardize the protocol of respiratory infection in children caused by 2019-nCoV. Etiology 2019-nCoV is a novel human coronavirus in addition to coronavirus 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERSr-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Access 29 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Another decade, another coronavirus Diangosis and treatment guideline of community acquired pneumonia in children Role of Lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings Treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome with a combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and interferon-β1b (MIRACLE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of viral pneumonia in children Corticosteroid therapy for critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected The Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics. keywords: blood; cases; children; coronavirus; diagnosis; infection; ncov; patients; pneumonia; treatment cache: cord-353786-284qn075.txt plain text: cord-353786-284qn075.txt item: #636 of 647 id: cord-353787-24c98ug8 author: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 words: 8778 flesch: 17 summary: In scenarios where the aim is to identify emergent disease risks before any infectious agent is specifically identified, immune expression studies may provide a way to filter potential diseased amplifier individuals from natural populations and focus attention on these for further study. Early analyses in a partial cross-sectional data set for immune gene expression (2008) (2009) , and without considering pathogen data, suggested the value of the measurement approach through the existence of significant variation of expression in relation to season, life-history stage and individual condition (1) . keywords: animals; condition; expression; gata3; gene; immune; infection; laboratory; populations; responses; rodents; species; studies; study; system; tolerance; variation; wild cache: cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt plain text: cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt item: #637 of 647 id: cord-354068-4qlk6y7h author: Friedrich, Brian M. title: Potential Vaccines and Post-Exposure Treatments for Filovirus Infections date: 2012-09-21 words: 10618 flesch: 39 summary: (green monkey disease) Evaluation of immune globulin and recombinant interferon-alpha2b for treatment of experimental ebola virus infections Neutralizing antibody fails to impact the course of ebola virus infection in monkeys Protective efficacy of neutralizing antibodies against ebola virus infection Antibody-dependent enhancement of marburg virus infection Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of ebola virus infection Antibody-dependent enhancement of ebola virus infection Recombinant human monoclonal antibodies to ebola virus Pre-and postexposure prophylaxis of ebola virus infection in an animal model by passive transfer of a neutralizing human antibody Epitopes involved in antibody-mediated protection from ebola virus Postexposure antibody prophylaxis protects nonhuman primates from filovirus disease Protective efficacy of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in a nonhuman primate model of ebola hemorrhagic fever Successful treatment of ebola virus-infected cynomolgus macaques with monoclonal antibodies Enhanced potency of a fucose-free monoclonal antibody being developed as an ebola virus immunoprotectant Characterization of zaire ebolavirus glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies Neutralizing ebolavirus: Structural insights into the envelope glycoprotein and antibodies targeted against it A DNA vaccine for ebola virus is safe and immunogenic in a phase i clinical trial Immune protection of nonhuman primates against ebola virus with single low-dose adenovirus vectors encoding modified gps Development of a preventive vaccine for ebola virus infection in primates A replication defective recombinant ad5 vaccine expressing ebola virus gp is safe and immunogenic in healthy adults Vaccine to confer to nonhuman primates complete protection against multistrain ebola and marburg virus infections Protection of nonhuman primates against two species of ebola virus infection with a single complex adenovirus vector Enhanced protection against ebola virus mediated by an improved adenovirusbased vaccine A single sublingual dose of an adenovirus-based vaccine protects against lethal ebola challenge in mice and guinea pigs Recombinant adenovirus serotype 26 (ad26) and ad35 vaccine vectors bypass immunity to ad5 and protect nonhuman primates against ebolavirus challenge Rhabdoviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication Vesicular stomatitis virus-based ebola vaccine is well-tolerated and protects immunocompromised nonhuman primates Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine vectors expressing filovirus glycoproteins lack neurovirulence in nonhuman primates Single-injection vaccine protects nonhuman primates against infection with marburg virus and three species of ebola virus Cross-protection against marburg virus strains by using a live, attenuated recombinant vaccine Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector mediates postexposure protection against sudan ebola hemorrhagic fever in nonhuman primates Effective post-exposure treatment of ebola infection Inactivated or liveattenuated bivalent vaccines that confer protection against rabies and ebola viruses Replicon-helper systems from attenuated venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: Expression of heterologous genes in vitro and immunization against heterologous pathogens in vivo Recombinant rna replicons derived from attenuated venezuelan equine encephalitis virus protect guinea pigs and mice from ebola hemorrhagic fever virus Marburg virus vaccines based upon alphavirus replicons protect guinea pigs and nonhuman primates Vaccine potential of ebola virus vp24, vp30, vp35, and vp40 proteins Protective cytotoxic t-cell responses induced by venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons expressing ebola virus proteins A single intranasal inoculation with a paramyxovirus-vectored vaccine protects guinea pigs against a lethal-dose ebola virus challenge Successful topical respiratory tract immunization of primates against ebola virus Parainfluenza viruses Mucosal parainfluenza virus-vectored vaccine against ebola virus replicates in the respiratory tract of vector-immune monkeys and is immunogenic Recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing a foreign viral antigen is attenuated and highly immunogenic in primates Newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccines expressing the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase protein of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus protect against virus challenge in monkeys Respiratory tract immunization of non-human primates with a newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccine candidate against ebola virus elicits a neutralizing antibody response Ebola virus vp40-induced particle formation and association with the lipid bilayer Contribution of ebola virus glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, and vp24 to budding of vp40 virus-like particles Ebola virus-like particle-based vaccine protects nonhuman primates against lethal ebola virus challenge Monovalent virus-like particle vaccine protects guinea pigs and nonhuman primates against infection with multiple marburg viruses Filovirus-like particles produced in insect cells: Immunogenicity and protection in rodents Ebola virus vp40-induced particle formation and association with the lipid bilayer Ebola virus vp40 drives the formation of virus-like filamentous particles along with gp Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rotavirus 2/6-virus-like particles produced by a dual baculovirus expression vector and administered intramuscularly, intranasally, or orally to mice Expression and self-assembly of empty virus-like particles of hepatitis e virus Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune responses following intravaginal immunization with human papillomavirus 16 l1 virus-like particle vaccine in thermosensitive mucoadhesive delivery systems Intranasal immunization with siv virus-like particles (vlps) elicits systemic and mucosal immunity Protection against lethal challenge by ebola virus-like particles produced in insect cells Ebola virus-like particles produced in insect cells exhibit dendritic cell stimulating activity and induce neutralizing antibodies Immunogenicity of the outer domain of a hiv-1 clade c gp120 Increased potency of fc-receptor-targeted antigens Cross-reactive hiv-1-neutralizing activity of serum igg from a rabbit immunized with gp41 fused to igg1 fc: Possible role of the prolonged half-life of the immunogen Ebola virus glycoprotein fc fusion protein confers protection against lethal challenge in vaccinated mice Transgenic plants as protein factories Monoclonal antibody manufacturing in transgenic plants--myths and realities High-level rapid production of full-size monoclonal antibodies in plants by a single-vector DNA replicon system Recombinant pharmaceuticals from plants: The plant endomembrane system as bioreactor Expression of an immunogenic ebola immune complex in nicotiana benthamiana A replicating cytomegalovirus-based vaccine encoding a single ebola virus nucleoprotein ctl epitope confers protection against ebola virus Effector memory t cell responses are associated with protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge Broadly targeted human cytomegalovirus-specific cd4+ and cd8+ t cells dominate the memory compartments of exposed subjects Human cytomegalovirus tropism for endothelial cells: Not all endothelial cells are created equal Profound early control of highly pathogenic siv by an effector memory t-cell vaccine Chimeric human parainfluenza virus bearing the ebola virus glycoprotein as the sole surface protein is immunogenic and highly protective against ebola virus challenge Disseminated intravascular coagulation ( dic) Coli septic shock is prevented by blocking tissue factor with monoclonal antibody Treatment of ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor: A study in rhesus monkeys Dose-response study of recombinant factor viia/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement Recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, an inhibitor of the tissue factor/factor viia complex, in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty Marburg virus angola infection of rhesus macaques: Pathogenesis and treatment with recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 Cell penetrating peptide conjugates of steric block oligonucleotides keywords: antibody; cells; challenge; ebola; ebov; exposure; filovirus; human; immune; immunity; infection; lethal; marv; mice; nhps; potential; protection; protein; recombinant; treatment; vaccine; vector; virus cache: cord-354068-4qlk6y7h.txt plain text: cord-354068-4qlk6y7h.txt item: #638 of 647 id: cord-354200-51wk3h75 author: Miller, A. C. title: Statistical deconvolution for inference of infection time series date: 2020-10-20 words: 8040 flesch: 47 summary: We then study transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, compare infection incidence estimators on real data, and analyze infection time series in relation to non-pharmaceutical interventions. Case infections generally, but not always, have lower error in the two metrics. keywords: cases; convolution; curve; data; delay; distribution; incidence; infection; license; preprint; time cache: cord-354200-51wk3h75.txt plain text: cord-354200-51wk3h75.txt item: #639 of 647 id: cord-354492-6r6qs4pp author: Messina, Giovanni title: Functional Role of Dietary Intervention to Improve the Outcome of COVID-19: A Hypothesis of Work date: 2020-04-28 words: 6885 flesch: 32 summary: An interesting study reported that systemic adiponectin concentrations in humans fall during the acute phase of lung infection: particularly, during the early phase, the pro-inflammatory state is generated by the high systemic TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations, with the subsequent inhibition of adiponectin production. As previously described, other dietary constituents can be used to improve the patients' outcomes during lung infection, regulating the inflammatory response. keywords: acute; adiponectin; covid-19; il-6; infection; inflammation; levels; lung; patients; response; role; tnf; ω-3 cache: cord-354492-6r6qs4pp.txt plain text: cord-354492-6r6qs4pp.txt item: #640 of 647 id: cord-354656-9ao33rq8 author: Cossart, Yvonne E title: The rise and fall of infectious diseases: Australian perspectives, 1914‐2014 date: 2014-07-07 words: 3345 flesch: 40 summary: As global population pressure drives clearance of forested areas for agriculture, humans have become targets for many infections carried by wild animals. Australian hospitals experienced some of the earliest outbreaks of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci, 22 22 which led to radical improvements in infection control. keywords: australia; countries; disease; eradication; hepatitis; infection; mortality; new; treatment cache: cord-354656-9ao33rq8.txt plain text: cord-354656-9ao33rq8.txt item: #641 of 647 id: cord-354720-fu19u2b0 author: White-Dzuro, Gabrielle title: Multisystem effects of COVID-19: a concise review for practitioners date: 2020-11-04 words: 5093 flesch: 29 summary: Is the prone position helpful during spontaneous breathing in patients with COVID-19? In-hospital airway management of COVID-19 patients Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study High-volume hemofiltration for septic acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 Comparison of published guidelines for management of coagulopathy and thrombosis in critically ill patients with COVID 19: implications for clinical practice and future investigations Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus −2 (SARS-CoV-2) Post mortem findings in COVID-19 patients show viral elements within endothelial cells, an accumulation of inflammatory cells, and cellular apoptosis in multiple organs [6] . keywords: acute; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; disease; effects; infection; injury; patients; risk; sars cache: cord-354720-fu19u2b0.txt plain text: cord-354720-fu19u2b0.txt item: #642 of 647 id: cord-354931-0bwf8f1i author: Song, Jae-Hyoung title: Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Pochonin D, a Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor, against Rhinovirus Infection date: 2018-05-02 words: 4917 flesch: 39 summary: Thus, the CPE induced by virus infection is prevented in the presence of pochonin D. To assess and verify the in vivo antiviral activity of pochonin D against HRV1B, we first determined the pathological phenotype of mice after intranasal HRV1B infection. Pochonin D treatment was performed twice, before and after virus infection. keywords: et al; hrv1b; hsp90; infection; inhibitors; lung; mice; pochonin; rhinovirus; treatment; virus cache: cord-354931-0bwf8f1i.txt plain text: cord-354931-0bwf8f1i.txt item: #643 of 647 id: cord-355171-oi3ezlsl author: MACINTYRE, C. R. title: Quantifying the risk of respiratory infection in healthcare workers performing high-risk procedures date: 2013-12-05 words: 3075 flesch: 42 summary: A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers Which preventive measures might protect health care workers from SARS? Infection prevention and control during health care for confirmed, probable, or suspected cases of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus infection and influenza-like illnesses Epidemic and pandemic prone acute respiratory diseases -infection prevention and control in health care A randomised clinical trial of three options for N95 respirators and medical masks in health workers Dr Seale is in receipt of an NHMRC Australian-based Public Health Training Fellowship (1 012 631) . key: cord-355171-oi3ezlsl authors: MACINTYRE, C. R.; SEALE, H.; YANG, P.; ZHANG, Y.; SHI, W.; ALMATROUDI, A.; MOA, A.; WANG, X.; LI, X.; PANG, X.; WANG, Q. title: Quantifying the risk of respiratory infection in healthcare workers performing high-risk procedures date: 2013-12-05 journal: Epidemiol Infect DOI: 10.1017/s095026881300304x sha: doc_id: 355171 cord_uid: oi3ezlsl keywords: control; hcws; hrps; infection; influenza; risk; study; transmission cache: cord-355171-oi3ezlsl.txt plain text: cord-355171-oi3ezlsl.txt item: #644 of 647 id: cord-355872-z6vsjmxn author: Colón-López, Daisy D. title: Emerging viral infections date: 2019-08-15 words: 3710 flesch: 29 summary: Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis Major emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases of public health importance in Canada Climate change and range expansion of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) in Northeastern USA: implications for public health practitioners Emerging virus diseases: can we ever expect the unexpected? SARS-CoV and emergent coronaviruses: viral determinants of interspecies transmission Comprehensive panel of real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction assays for detection and absolute quantification of filoviruses, arenaviruses, and new world hantaviruses Yellow fever: 100 years of discovery The etiology of yellow fever: an additional note Actionable diagnosis of neuroleptospirosis by next-generation sequencing A novel rhabdovirus associated with acute hemorrhagic fever in central Africa Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from southern Africa Author correction: the discovery of Bombali virus adds further support for bats as hosts of ebolaviruses A metagenomic viral discovery approach identifies potential zoonotic and novel mammalian viruses in Neoromicia bats within South Africa Consensus statement: virus taxonomy in the age of metagenomics A strategy to estimate unknown viral diversity in mammals Public health threat of new, reemerging, and neglected zoonoses in the industrialized world Viral metagenomics on animals as a tool for the detection of zoonoses prior to human infection? Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere A Wolbachia symbiont in Aedes aegypti limits infection with dengue, Chikungunya, and Plasmodium The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia induces resistance to dengue virus in Aedes aegypti Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: an outbreak investigation Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus quasispecies that include homologues of human isolates revealed through whole-genome analysis and virus cultured from dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Open-source genomic analysis of Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli O104:H4 Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak Molecular evidence of sexual transmission of Ebola virus Rapid outbreak sequencing of Ebola virus in Sierra Leone identifies transmission chains linked to sporadic cases Possible sexual transmission of Ebola virus-Liberia Implementation of a National semen testing and counseling program for male Ebola survivors-Liberia Importation and containment of Ebola virus disease-Senegal Ebola virus disease outbreak-Nigeria Laboratory response to 2014 Ebola virus outbreak in Mali Second Ebola patient is treated in UK Molecular characterization of the first Ebola virus isolated in Italy First secondary case of Ebola outside Africa: epidemiological characteristics and contact monitoring Second US nurse with Ebola had traveled by plane Ebola and compliance with infection prevention measures in Nigeria Transmission dynamics and control of Ebola virus disease outbreak in Nigeria Zika virus. keywords: discovery; ebola; host; human; infection; outbreak; pathogen; sequencing; transmission; virus; viruses cache: cord-355872-z6vsjmxn.txt plain text: cord-355872-z6vsjmxn.txt item: #645 of 647 id: cord-355906-yeaw9nr8 author: Nedjadi, Taoufik title: Tackling dengue fever: Current status and challenges date: 2015-12-09 words: 6825 flesch: 40 summary: Development, characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies against Brazilian dengue virus isolates A simple one-step real-time RT-PCR for diagnosis of dengue virus infection Current advances in dengue diagnosis Reliable classifier to differentiate primary and secondary acute dengue infection based on IgG ELISA Human genetic susceptibility to intracellular pathogens Host genetic susceptibility to severe dengue infection Impact of dengue virus infection on feeding behavior of Aedes aegypti Dengue virus infection of the Aedes aegypti salivary gland and chemosensory apparatus induces genes that modulate infection and blood-feeding behavior A novel amino acid substitution in a voltage gated sodium channel is associated with knockdown resistance to permethrin in Aedes aegypti Widespread distribution of newly found point mutation in voltage-gated sodium channel in pyrethroid-resistant Aedes aegypti populations in Vietnam Detection of the V1016G mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) by allele-specific PCR assay, and its distribution and effect on deltamethrin resistance in Thailand Race: A risk factor for dengue hemorrhagic fever Asymptomatic dengue infection in a Cuban population confirms the protective role of the RR variant of the FcgammaRIIa polymorphism A variant in the CD209 promoter is associated with severity of the disease Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever: Implications of host genetics Polymorphisms of the TAP 1 and 2 gene may influence clinical outcome of primary dengue viral infection All serotypes of dengue virus induce HLA-A2 major histocompatibility complex class I promoter activity in human liver cells Two putative subunits of a peptide pump encoded in the human major histocompatibility complex class II region Polymorphisms in the oligoadenylate synthetase gene cluster and its association with clinical outcomes of dengue virus infection Cell type specificity and host genetic polymorphisms influence antibodydependent enhancement of dengue virus infection The 1a, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 reduces dengue virus infection in human myelomonocyte (U937) and hepatic (Huh-7) cell lines and cytokine production in the infected monocytes Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with clinical outcomes of dengue virus infection Genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for dengue shock syndrome at MICB and PLCE1 Interactions of human NKG2D with its ligands MICA, MICB, and homologs of the mouse RAE-1 protein family Natural killer cell activation enhances immune pathology and promotes chronic infection by limiting CD8+ T-cell immunity Genetic variants of MICB and PLCE1 and associations with non-severe dengue Host gene expression profiling of dengue virus infection in cell lines and patients Common variants of chemokine receptor gene CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL10 and CXCL11 associated with vascular permeability of dengue infection in peninsular Malaysia Early enhanced expression of interferon-inducible protein-10 (CXCL-10) and other chemokines predicts adverse outcome in severe acute respiratory syndrome Two other compounds have also been shown to qualify as potent inhibitors of dengue virus infection are imino-sugars deoxynojirimycin and castanospermine keywords: aegypti; cases; cells; control; dengue; denv; development; disease; fever; genes; host; infection; phase; tetravalent; trial; vaccine; virus cache: cord-355906-yeaw9nr8.txt plain text: cord-355906-yeaw9nr8.txt item: #646 of 647 id: cord-356040-qdpkidn8 author: Ghazawi, Feras M. title: Infection risk of dermatologic therapeutics during the COVID‐19 pandemic: an evidence‐based recalibration date: 2020-07-03 words: 4170 flesch: 23 summary: We performed a literature review to approximate the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, including available data on the roles of relevant cytokines, cell subsets, and their mediators in eliciting an optimal immune response against respiratory viruses in murine gene deletion models and humans with congenital deficiencies were reviewed for viral infections risk and if possible coronaviruses specifically. One systematic review evaluating the off-label use of azathioprine found mild infections reported in 0.36% of patients and severe infections in only 0.30% of patients 70 (Table 3 ). keywords: coronavirus; covid-19; efficacy; infection; patients; placebo; psoriasis; risk; safety; treatment; trial cache: cord-356040-qdpkidn8.txt plain text: cord-356040-qdpkidn8.txt item: #647 of 647 id: cord-356188-rwf78stz author: Oshansky, Christine M. title: The human side of influenza date: 2012-07-01 words: 9533 flesch: 27 summary: Studies of innate and adaptive immune responses to influenza virus infection have been restricted primarily to animal models of disease and inflammation. A virus lacking the NS1 gene replicates in interferon-deficient systems Species-specific antagonism of host ISGylation by the influenza B virus NS1 protein Monocyte-mediated defense against microbial pathogens Contrasting effects of CCR5 and CCR2 deficiency in the pulmonary inflammatory response to influenza A virus Chemokine regulation of the inflammatory response to a low-dose influenza infection in CCR2Ϫ/Ϫ mice TNF/iNOS-producing dendritic cells are the necessary evil of lethal influenza virus infection Fatal outcome of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection is associated with immunopathology and impaired lung repair, not enhanced viral burden in pregnant mice Alveolar epithelial cells direct monocyte transepithelial migration upon influenza virus infection: impact of chemokines and adhesion molecules CXCR2 is required for neutrophil recruitment to the lung during influenza virus infection, but is not essential for viral clearance Type I interferon signaling regulates Ly6C monocytes and neutrophils during acute viral pneumonia in mice nate lymphoid cells promote lung-tissue homeostasis after infection with influenza virus Influenza keywords: a(h1n1)pdm09; antibody; cells; children; h1n1; human; individuals; infection; influenza; monocytes; pandemic; responses; role; studies; vaccination; vaccine; virus; viruses cache: cord-356188-rwf78stz.txt plain text: cord-356188-rwf78stz.txt