# bib

id: cord-275570-i9fw0afj
author: Lau, Susanna K. P.
title: Molecular Research on Emerging Viruses: Evolution, Diagnostics, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutics
date: 2018-01-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1476
sentence: 52
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-275570-i9fw0afj.txt
txt: txt/cord-275570-i9fw0afj.txt
summary:
  The recent epidemics caused by Zika virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) clearly illustrate the ability of emerging viruses to pose huge public health problems within a short time. Recent advances in molecular techniques, such as sequencing and metagenomics, have accelerated our understanding of genetic and host diversity of emerging viruses, and hence their evolutionary pathways.


id: cord-333349-tsfxpaj6
author: Chai, Weidong
date: 2014-08-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2525
sentence: 100
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-333349-tsfxpaj6.txt
txt: txt/cord-333349-tsfxpaj6.txt
title:
  Elevated dietary zinc oxide levels do not have a substantial effect on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PPRSV) vaccination and infection

summary:
  Pigs receiving higher dietary Zn levels showed a tendency towards higher neutralizing antibody levels after infection, while dietary Zn levels did not substantially influence the number of antiviral IFN-gamma secreting cells (IFN-gamma-SC) or percentages of blood immune cell subsets after infection. Finally, feeding higher dietary Zn levels reduced neither clinical symptoms nor viral loads.


id: cord-344953-gtg12hiu
author: Prather, Randall S.
date: 2017-10-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2632
sentence: 114
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-344953-gtg12hiu.txt
txt: txt/cord-344953-gtg12hiu.txt
title:
  Knockout of maternal CD163 protects fetuses from infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)

summary:
  For the CD163 KO dams carrying CD163 KO fetuses (−−/−−group), the numbers of fetuses were 7 and 9. And finally, a third group (−/−) consisted of CD163 −/− dams carrying CD163 −/− fetuses.


id: cord-329274-ncvvmkca
author: Labarque, G
date: 2002-08-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3329
sentence: 157
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-329274-ncvvmkca.txt
txt: txt/cord-329274-ncvvmkca.txt
title:
  Porcine reproductive–respiratory syndrome virus infection predisposes pigs for respiratory signs upon exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide

summary:
  Two out of the 15 pigs did not show respiratory signs after LPS administration. After LPS administration, pigs were intensively monitored for clinical signs.


id: cord-307073-vatfdilt
author: Narita, M.
date: 2004-08-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3369
sentence: 132
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-307073-vatfdilt.txt
txt: txt/cord-307073-vatfdilt.txt
title:
  Encephalomalacic Lesions in Pigs Dually Infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Pseudorabies Virus

summary:
  Neuropathology of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BHV-5) meningo-encephalitis in a rabbit seizure model Molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group Pathogenesis of herpetic neuritis and ganglionitis in mice: evidence for intra-axonal transport of infection Effects of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on the development of the immune response against pseudorabies virus Serological studies on the potential synergism of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and influenza-, corona-and paramyxoviruses in the induction of respiratory symptoms in swine Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyorhinis antigens in pulmonary lesions of pigs suffering from respiratory distress Pseudorabies virus in dexamethasone-treated pigs Immunohistological demonstration of spread of Aujeszky's disease virus via the olfactory pathway in HPCD pigs Immunohistological study of encephalomalacia in pigs infected with Aujeszky's disease virus Immunohistopathological characterization of pig pneumonia caused by a combined Aujeszky's disease virus and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection Immunohistochemical characterization of calf pneumonia produced by the combined endobronchial administration of bovine herpesvirus 1 and Pasteurella haemolytica Immunopathology in Aujeszky's disease virusinfected pigs exposed to fluctuating temperatures Invasion and spread of equine Dual Infection of Pigs with PRRSV and PRV herpesvirus 9 in the olfactory pathway of pigs after intranasal inoculation Pseudorabies virus infection in piglets acconpanying with the lesion of bilateral encephalomalacia Dual infections of feeder pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus followed by porcine respiratory coronavirus or swine influenza virus: a clinical and virological study Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Experimental dual infection of specific pathogen-free pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and pseudorabies virus Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae potentiation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced pneumonia Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced increase in susceptibility to Streptococcus suis infection Synergism between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Salmonella choleraesuis in swine Experimental infection with equine herpesvirus 9 (EHV-9) in cats All animals were killed with an intravenous overdose of pentobarbital sodium on the following days of the experiment: day 7, pig 5; day 14, pigs 1, 6, 8 and 10; and day 21, pigs 2, 3, 4, 7, 9 and 11.


id: cord-352967-y1fyke9u
author: Jiang, Yunbo
date: 2010-07-31
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3279
sentence: 141
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-352967-y1fyke9u.txt
txt: txt/cord-352967-y1fyke9u.txt
title:
  N-acetylpenicillamine inhibits the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro

summary:
  Effector phase and reversibility of NAP inhibition NAP inhibition on PRRSV replication at the early and late phases of virus infection as well as its reversibility was also studied. In contrast, at 12 h post-infection for adding NAP, the viral yield did not exhibit significant difference between treated and untreated-cells, which indicated that NAP inhibitory effect was abolished at this time point, and inhibitory effect of NAP could be achieved only at early phase of virus infection.


id: cord-321471-gev5xq3a
author: Zhu, Liqian
title: Control of the PI3K/Akt pathway by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
date: 2013-02-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3778
sentence: 157
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-321471-gev5xq3a.txt
txt: txt/cord-321471-gev5xq3a.txt
summary:
  The objective of this study was to address how the PI3K/Akt pathway is modulated in infection of MARC-145 cells and PAMs with highly pathogenic PRRSV. Akt pathway was significantly enhanced by the HuN4 virus at both the early and late stage of infection of MARC-145 cells, while a distinct pattern was adopted during infection of PAMs in which the phosphorylation of Akt occurred exclusively in the early stage, as early as 5 min p.i., and then returned to the basal level at 45 min p.i.


id: cord-301692-zu0ubwfq
author: Mateu, E.
title: The challenge of PRRS immunology
date: 2007-07-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4315
sentence: 152
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-301692-zu0ubwfq.txt
txt: txt/cord-301692-zu0ubwfq.txt
summary:
  Diaz, I., Darwich, L., Pappaterra, G., Pujols, J., Mateu, E., 2005 in pigs recovered from porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome infection Differential type I interferon activation and susceptibility of dendritic cell populations to porcine arterivirus Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein 5 of European-type porcine reproductive and respiratory virus strains in Spain Evolution of ORF5 of Spanish porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains from Gradual development of the interferon-(response of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection or vaccination Strain specificity of the immune response of pigs following vaccination with various strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Molecular characterization of Lelystad virus Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus Epitope mapping porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by phage display: the nsp2 fragment of the replicase polyprotein contains a cluster of B-cell epitopes Passive transfer of virusspecific antibodies confers protection against reproductive failure induced by a virulent strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and establishes sterilizing immunity Identification of neutralizing and nonneutralizing epitopes in the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 ectodomain antibodies to the ORF5 product of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus define linear neutralizing determinants Immune response in pigs vaccinated with plasmid DNA encoding ORF5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus The primary GP5 neutralization epitope of North American isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus The primary neutralization epitope of porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus strain VR-2332 is located in the middle of the GP5 ectodomain The evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: quasispecies and emergence of a virus subpopulation during infection of pigs with VR-2332 Deciphering the involvement of innate immune factors in the development of the host response to PRRSV vaccination Parameters of humoral and cellular immunity following vaccination of pigs with a European modified-live strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Identification of radically different variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Eastern Europe: towards a common ancestor for European and American viruses Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains of exceptional diversity in Eastern Europe support the definition of new genetic subtypes Upregulation of interleukin-10 gene expression in the leukocytes of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Upregulation of IL-10 gene expression in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in swine sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Increased production of proinflammatory cytokines following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: correlations with pathogenicity Antibody production and blastogenic response in pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus productively infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells and compromises their antigen-presenting ability Monoclonal antibodies to the GP5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus are more effective in virus neutralization than monoclonal antibodies to the GP4 The major envelope protein, GP5, of a European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus contains a neutralization epitope in its N-terminal ectodomain Categorization of North American porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses: epitopic profiles of the N, M, GP5 and GP3 proteins and susceptibility to neutralization An indirect fluorescent antibody test for the detection of antibody to swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera A modified serum neutralization test for the detection of antibody to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in pigs Field isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vary in their susceptibility to antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection Characterization of the humoral immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection Assessment of the efficacy of commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccines based on measurement of serologic response, frequency of c-IFN-producing cells and virological parameters of protection upon challenge Circulating antibodies against PRRSV are detectable in some pigs by days 5-7 post-infection (PI) and all animals have seroconverted by day 14 PI (Yoon et al., 1992 (Yoon et al., ,1995 .


id: cord-293768-uijc6qdo
author: Molitor, T. W.
title: Immunity to PRRSV: Double-edged sword
date: 1997-04-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4073
sentence: 177
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-293768-uijc6qdo.txt
txt: txt/cord-293768-uijc6qdo.txt
summary:
  Missouri A comparison of the indirect fluorescent antibody test and the serum virus neutralization test for the detection of antibodies against PRRS virus Comparative study of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay for the detection of antibodies to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs Inoculation of pigs with Streptococcus suis type 2 alone or in combination with pseudorabies virus Immunomodulation of host immune responses following porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection Serologic evidence incriminating a recently isolated virus (ATCC VR-2332) as the cause of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) Differentiation of U.S. and European isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by monoclonal antibodies Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus Pathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical changes caused by Lelystad virus in experimentally induced infections of mystery swine disease (synonym: porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome Pdthogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in gnotobiotic pigs Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) interaction with Haen1ophitusparasui.r Clinical effects of dual infections with porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine respiratory coroma virus and swine influenza virus Virulence of Streptococcm suis type 2 strains in newborn germfree pigs depends on phenotype Interaction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with swine monocytes Antigenic comparison of Lelystad virus and swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus Mystery swine disease in the Netherlands: The isolation of the Lelystad virus An indirect fluorescent antibody test for the detection of antibody to swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera A modified serum neutralization test for the detection of antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera Antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in pigs Laboratory investigation of PRRS virus infection in three swine herds Upon exposure of pigs to PRRSV, pigs immunologically respond with a heterogeneous array of responses specific to PRRSV virus.


id: cord-321195-cndq6aqb
author: Xue, Chunyi
date: 2014-07-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4558
sentence: 187
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-321195-cndq6aqb.txt
txt: txt/cord-321195-cndq6aqb.txt
title:
  Chimeric influenza-virus-like particles containing the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 protein and the influenza virus HA and M1 proteins

summary:
  The receptor-binding and membrane-fusion properties of influenza virus variants selected using anti-haemagglutinin monoclonal antibodies Expression of codon optimized major capsid protein (L1) of human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 in Pichia pastoris; purification and characterization of the virus-like particles Influenza-pseudotyped Gag virus-like particle vaccines provide broad protection against highly pathogenic avian influenza challenge Molecular basis for the generation in pigs of influenza a viruses with pandemic potential Influenza virus-like particles as pandemic vaccines Influenza vaccines based on virus-like particles Production and characterization of virus-like particles and the P domain protein of GII.4 norovirus Formation of wild-type and chimeric influenza virus-like particles following simultaneous expression of only four structural proteins Genomic analysis of two Chinese strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different virulence Enterovirus type 71 neutralizing antibodies in the serum of macaque monkeys immunized with EV71 virus-like particles Chimeric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S glycoprotein and influenza matrix 1 efficiently form virus-like particles (VLPs) that protect mice against challenge with SARS-CoV Assembly and immunological properties of Newcastle disease virus-like particles containing the respiratory syncytial virus F and G proteins Assembly and biological and immunological properties of Newcastle disease virus-like particles Newcastle disease virus-like particles containing respiratory syncytial virus G protein induced protection in BALB/c mice, with no evidence of immunopathology Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome on swine production in the United States Virus-like particles as immunogens Immunogenicity and specificity of norovirus Consensus GII.4 virus-like particles in monovalent and bivalent vaccine formulations Clinical signs and economic losses caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a large breeding farm Intranasal vaccination with 1918 influenza virus-like particles protects mice and ferrets from lethal 1918 and H5N1 influenza virus challenge Chinese-like strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Recombinant H1N1 virus-like particle vaccine elicits protective immunity in ferrets against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus Influenza virus-like particle can accommodate multiple subtypes of hemagglutinin and protect from multiple influenza types and subtypes Influenza virus-like particles comprised of the HA, NA, and M1 proteins of H9N2 influenza virus induce protective immune responses in BALB/c mice Virus-like particle vaccine induces protective immunity against homologous and heterologous strains of influenza virus A bivalent influenza VLP vaccine confers complete inhibition of virus replication in lungs A trivalent virus-like particle vaccine elicits protective immune responses against seasonal influenza strains in mice and ferrets Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Immunology of the porcine respiratory disease complex Production and immunogenicity of chimeric virus-like particles containing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 protein Virus-like particles of hepatitis B virus core protein containing five mimotopes of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) protect chickens against IBDV Fabrication of influenza virus-like particles using M2 fusion proteins for imaging single viruses and designing vaccines Vaccination with coxsackievirus B3 virus-like particles elicits humoral immune response and protects mice against myocarditis Vaccination has been an effective way to reduce the incidence of diseases resulting from influenza virus and PRRSV infections.


id: cord-322593-bgm6smuo
author: Li, Lan
date: 2016-04-21
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4719
sentence: 172
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-322593-bgm6smuo.txt
txt: txt/cord-322593-bgm6smuo.txt
title:
  Antiviral activity of recombinant porcine surfactant protein A against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro

summary:
  Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine does not fit in classical vaccinology Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected alveolar macrophages contain no detectable levels of viral proteins in their plasma membrane and are protected against antibody-dependent, complement-mediated cell lysis Expression and antibody preparation of GP5a gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus North American and European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses differ in nonstructural protein coding regions Inactivated and subunit vaccines against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome: current status and future direction Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Characterization of proteins encoded by ORFs 2 to 7 of Lelystad virus Discovery of a small arterivirus gene that overlaps the GP5 coding sequence and is important for virus production Identification of a novel structural protein of arteriviruses Identification and characterization of a sixth structural protein of Lelystad virus: the glycoprotein GP2 encoded by ORF2 is incorporated in virus particles A 10-kDa structural protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by ORF2b Novel structural protein in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by an alternative ORF5 present in all arteriviruses Live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: current status and future direction Failure of an inactivated vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome to protect gilts against a heterologous challenge with PRRSV Assessment of the efficacy of commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccines based on measurement of serologic response, frequency of gamma-IFN-producing cells and virological parameters of protection upon challenge Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by flavaspidic acid AB Antiviral activity and underlying molecular mechanisms of Matrine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro Natural compounds inhibiting the replication of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Suppression of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus proliferation by glycyrrhizin LiCl inhibits PRRSV infection by enhancing Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and suppressing inflammatory responses Poly(I:C) inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication in MARC-145 cells via activation of IFIT3 Antiviral activity of type I and type III interferons against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) DRACO inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication in vitro MicroRNA-23 inhibits PRRSV replication by directly targeting PRRSV RNA and possibly by upregulating type I interferons Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D: structure, function and receptors Surfactant protein A binds to the fusion glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus and neutralizes virion infectivity Recombinant porcine lung surfactant protein A inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection into host cells in vitro Surfactant protein D inhibits HIV-1 infection of target cells via interference with gp120-CD4 interaction and modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production Porcine plasma ficolin binds and reduces infectivity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vitro In vitro anti-herpes simplex virus activity of 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-b-Dglucose from Phyllanthus emblica L. (Euphorbiaceae) Large-molecular-weight carbohydrate-binding agents as HIV entry inhibitors targeting glycoprotein gp120 Inhibition of HIV entry by carbohydratebinding proteins Plant lectins are potent inhibitors of coronaviruses by interfering with two targets in the viral replication cycle Assessment of the antiviral properties of recombinant porcine SP-D against various influenza A viruses in vitro Entry of hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus is selectively inhibited by carbohydratebinding agents but not by polyanions Effects of origin and state of differentiation and activation of monocytes/macrophages on their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Surfactant protein A (SP-A) belongs to the family of C-type lectins, which can exert antiviral activities.


id: cord-340422-8f5xe4zc
author: Rowland, R. R. R.
date: 2001
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4757
sentence: 213
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-340422-8f5xe4zc.txt
txt: txt/cord-340422-8f5xe4zc.txt
title:
  Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by interferon-gamma and recovery of virus replication with 2-aminopurine

summary:
  key: cord-340422-8f5xe4zc authors: Rowland, R. R. R.; Robinson, B.; Stefanick, J.; Kim, T. S.; Guanghua, L.; Lawson, S. R.; Benfield, D. A. title: Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by interferon-gamma and recovery of virus replication with 2-aminopurine date: 2001 journal: Arch Virol DOI: 10.1007/s007050170161 sha: doc_id: 340422 cord_uid: 8f5xe4zc Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) belongs to a group of RNA viruses that establish persistent infections. The effect of IFN-γ on virus replication included reductions in the number of infected cells, virus yield, and RNA content in single cells.


id: cord-345516-fgn7rps3
author: Miller, Laura C
date: 2012-10-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4749
sentence: 148
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-345516-fgn7rps3.txt
txt: txt/cord-345516-fgn7rps3.txt
title:
  Analysis of the swine tracheobronchial lymph node transcriptomic response to infection with a Chinese highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  There are specific cellular proteins that regulate a protective immune response, for example the pro-inflammatory genes that were upregulated to a greater extent in HP-PRRSV rJXwn06 than VR-2332 when normalized to control samples as observed when comparing the pathogenicity of HP-PRRSV isolate rJXwn06 with the North American prototype strain VR-2332 PRRSV. Amplified library constructs were directly sequenced and a list of sequence transcripts and counts was generated using an RNAseq analysis pipeline to determine differential gene expression.


id: cord-354730-hfau2odb
author: Wang, Rong
date: 2014-07-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4940
sentence: 241
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-354730-hfau2odb.txt
txt: txt/cord-354730-hfau2odb.txt
title:
  Antagonizing Interferon-Mediated Immune Response by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

summary:
  Its nsp1 and nsp1 proteins should be able to inhibit IFN induction. Type II IFN contains only IFN-, whose production is restricted to activated T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages


id: cord-356197-js7l86fh
author: Zhou, Ping
date: 2011-08-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4648
sentence: 177
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-356197-js7l86fh.txt
txt: txt/cord-356197-js7l86fh.txt
title:
  Molecular Characterization of Transcriptome-wide Interactions between Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Porcine Alveolar Macrophages in vivo

summary:
  Seven genes (CCL2, SLC39A14, ATP6V1B2, C3, DDIT3, GLRX2 and TNF) were selected for Q-PCR assay to validate the changes in gene expression observed by microarray analysis. Genetic parameters for performance traits in commercial sows estimated before and after an outbreak of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Immunohistochemical detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antigen in neurovascular lesions Immunological responses of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection Distribution of a Korean strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in experimentally infected pigs, as demonstrated immunohistochemically and by in-situ hybridization The combination of PRRS virus and bacterial endotoxin as a model for multifactorial respiratory disease in pigs Understanding PRRSV infection in porcine lung based on genome-wide transcriptome response identified by deep sequencing Aberrant host immune response induced by highly virulent PRRSV identified by digital gene expression tag profiling Genome-wide transcriptional response of primary alveolar macrophages following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on porcine alveolar macrophage function as determined using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) Emergence of fatal PRRSV variants: unparalleled outbreaks of atypical PRRS in China and molecular dissection of the unique hallmark Immunogenicity of the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 protein encoded by a synthetic ORF5 gene Comparative pathogenicity of nine US porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates in a five-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pig model Comparison of the pathogenicity of two US porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates with that of the Lelystad virus Assessment of the efficacy of commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccines based on measurement of serologic response, frequency of gamma-IFN-producing cells and virological parameters of protection upon challenge Understanding Haemophilus parasuis infection in porcine spleen through a transcriptomics approach A comparison of normalization methods for high density oligonucleotide array data based on variance and bias Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery Annotation of the Affymetrix porcine


id: cord-344740-st2yw090
author: Lee, Changhee
date: 2004-12-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4952
sentence: 175
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-344740-st2yw090.txt
txt: txt/cord-344740-st2yw090.txt
title:
  Differential host cell gene expression regulated by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP4 and GP5 glycoproteins

summary:
  Zinc finger protein 36 (zfp36) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein were readily up-regulated, while metallothineins, proliferating cell nuclear protein, and N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase were down-regulated. We established two independent cell sublines to stably express the GP4 and GP5 proteins of the North American type PRRSV, and investigated their effect on host cell gene expression using DNA microarray technology.


id: cord-299721-gm6nx84a
author: Franzo, Giovanni
date: 2014-12-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5296
sentence: 199
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-299721-gm6nx84a.txt
txt: txt/cord-299721-gm6nx84a.txt
title:
  Observation of high recombination occurrence of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in field condition

summary:
  In fact, most of the recombination events identified so far in the field were only represented by single sequences rather than by circulating recombinant progenies (Fang et al., 2007; Forsberg et al., 2002; Li et al., 2009; Murtaugh et al., 2001; Shi et al., 2010a; Stadejek et al., 2008; Yoshii et al., 2008; Yuan et al., 1999) . Although the role of recombination in evolution of RNA viruses is still debated (Simon-Loriere and Holmes, 2011) , several authors assert that recombination is an important mechanism of genetic diversity generation in PRRSV (Liu et al., 2011; Mengeling, 2002; Murtaugh et al., 2010) , playing a potential role in conditioning virulence, antigenic escape and diagnostic failure.


id: cord-344410-yo9libo0
author: Zhou, Yan
title: Mutational analysis of the SDD sequence motif of a PRRSV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
date: 2011-09-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5866
sentence: 244
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-344410-yo9libo0.txt
txt: txt/cord-344410-yo9libo0.txt
summary:
  Analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase structure and function as guided by known polymerase structures and computer predictions of secondary structure Mutations in the GDD motif of rubella virus putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase affect virus replication. RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) function as the catalytic subunit of the viral replicase.


id: cord-324495-0pee1i3o
author: Kang, Hyeonjeong
date: 2015-06-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6132
sentence: 231
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-324495-0pee1i3o.txt
txt: txt/cord-324495-0pee1i3o.txt
title:
  Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai extract suppresses porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication and modulates virus-induced cytokine production

summary:
  Our results demonstrated that SQE treatment suppressed the replication of PRRSV in a dose-dependent manner. PAM-KNU cells were infected with PRRSV along with SQE treatment as described above.


id: cord-264598-2u8bm2fz
author: Sánchez-Carvajal, J.M.
date: 2020-06-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6152
sentence: 169
flesch: 32
cache: cache/cord-264598-2u8bm2fz.txt
txt: txt/cord-264598-2u8bm2fz.txt
title:
  Activation of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in lung tissue injury during the acute phase of PRRSV-1 infection with the virulent strain Lena

summary:
  In this context, overproduction of nitric oxide (NO), mainly triggered by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) (Akaike and Maeda, 2000) , or upregulation of CD14, as the primary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor (Zanoni and Granucci, 2013) , could contribute to lung inflammation upon infection with PRRSV (Chen et al., 2014; Lee and Kleiboeker, 2005; Van Gucht et al., 2004 Yan et al., 2017) . For its part, iNOS is mainly expressed in response to different stimuli, such as cytokines and LPS, playing a role in tissue injury upon production of NO (Chen et al., 2014; Cho and Chae, 2002; Vlahos et al., 2011; Yan et al., 2017) .


id: cord-351881-qea4b0i5
author: Eck, Melanie
date: 2016-02-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6306
sentence: 264
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-351881-qea4b0i5.txt
txt: txt/cord-351881-qea4b0i5.txt
title:
  Virus replicon particles expressing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus proteins elicit immune priming but do not confer protection from viremia in pigs

summary:
  In order to address the question whether PRRSV structural proteins are immunogenic at all when expressed by VSV VRP in pigs, a vector expressing PRRSV N protein was included in one vaccination trial. For the detection of PRRSV proteins, monoclonal antibody (mAb) 13E2 directed against PRRSV N, and mAb VII2D directed against amino acids 73-84 of PRRSV GP3 were kindly provided by Hans Nauwynck (University Ghent, Belgium).


id: cord-335706-lopcb77c
author: Tan, Feifei
date: 2011-03-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6418
sentence: 241
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-335706-lopcb77c.txt
txt: txt/cord-335706-lopcb77c.txt
title:
  Identification of non-essential regions in nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus for replication in cell culture

summary:
  N protein is assembled into an icosahedral nucleocapsid in the form of disulfide-linked homodimer , and the Cterminal half of PRRSV N protein is believed to be the dimerization domain (Spilman et al., 2009) . In this study, serial N- and C-terminal truncations of N protein were performed in the context of type 2 PRRSV infectious cDNA clone, and our results revealed that a stretch of inter-genotypic variable N terminal residues aa 5–13 ((5)NGKQQKKK(13)K) and the last four inter-genotypic variable aa residues ((120)SPS(123)A) at the C terminus of N protein were dispensable for type 2 PRRSV infectivity.


id: cord-335955-2bw2sly8
author: Shi, Yuejun
date: 2016-04-14
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7071
sentence: 281
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-335955-2bw2sly8.txt
txt: txt/cord-335955-2bw2sly8.txt
title:
  A Dimerization-Dependent Mechanism Drives the Endoribonuclease Function of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus nsp11

summary:
  nsp11 protein is the same as that of the wild type (data not shown), the mutant (K173A) protein was purified for size exclusion experiments because the expression of wild-type nsp11 was low. (1 mg) nsp11 proteins was analyzed using a Superdex 75 10/300 GL column (GE Healthcare) with a buffer containing 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) and 200 mM NaCl at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min (4°C).


id: cord-290775-w8ukokl7
author: Tian, Xinsheng
date: 2009-10-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8312
sentence: 340
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cord-290775-w8ukokl7.txt
txt: txt/cord-290775-w8ukokl7.txt
title:
  Structure and Cleavage Specificity of the Chymotrypsin-Like Serine Protease (3CLSP/nsp4) of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)

summary:
  The smallest chymotrypsin-like proteinase with an alpha/beta C-terminal extension and alternate conformations of the oxyanion hole The colorful epidemiology of PRRS General overview of PRRSV: a perspective from the United States Full-length sequence of a Canadian porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolate Molecular cloning, expression, purification and crystallographic analysis of PRRSV 3CL protease Automated MAD and MIR structure solution PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures Mapping the protein universe A glutamic acid specific serine protease utilizes a novel histidine triad in substrate binding Expression, purification, and in vitro activity of an arterivirus main proteinase Crystal structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease. In EAV nsp4, the different forms of the oxyanion hole are believed to arise mainly from the flipping of the peptide bond between Ser117 and Gly118, which is common in pairs of homologous protein structures.


id: cord-252339-l3si3jpn
author: Xu, Ao-Tian
date: 2010-09-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2539
sentence: 113
flesch: 57
cache: cache/cord-252339-l3si3jpn.txt
txt: txt/cord-252339-l3si3jpn.txt
title:
  Characterization of the biochemical properties and identification of amino acids forming the catalytic center of 3C-like proteinase of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  We have examined the biochemical properties of PRRSV 3CLpro and identified those amino acid residues involved in its catalytic activity as a prelude to developing anti-PRRSV strategies. Ascribing to its important role in the virus life circle, PRRSV 3CLpro has been suggested as a promising target for antiviral drug design (Tian et al. 2009 ).


id: cord-312208-8ydh6jev
author: Meng, X.J
date: 2000-06-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8398
sentence: 251
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-312208-8ydh6jev.txt
txt: txt/cord-312208-8ydh6jev.txt
title:
  Heterogeneity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: implications for current vaccine efficacy and future vaccine development

summary:
  Despite the observed difference in virulence among PRRSV isolates, tissue tropism and distribution of PRRSV antigen or nucleic acid within tissues and organs were very similar in pigs inoculated with different strains of PRRSV Haynes et al., 1997) . The expression and replication of PRRSV requires the production of at least six subgenomic mRNAs (sg mRNAs) (Conzelmann et al., 1993; Meulenberg et al., 1993a Meulenberg et al., , b, 1997a Meng et al., 1994 Meng et al., , 1996b Snijder and Meulenberg, 1998) .


id: cord-319779-n5w1f0rr
author: Lee, Sang-Myeong
date: 2004-12-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8230
sentence: 281
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-319779-n5w1f0rr.txt
txt: txt/cord-319779-n5w1f0rr.txt
title:
  Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus field isolates differ in in vitro interferon phenotypes

summary:
  In the present study, the levels of PRRSV IFN induction were typically too low to use in a similarly designed suppression experiment. Moreover, the lack of IFN response following infection with PRRSV could be involved in the establishment of persistent infections or secondary bacterial and viral infection, both of which are characteristic of PRRSV infections in swine.


id: cord-353703-u86ggw11
author: Gao, Peng
date: 2019-11-18
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8293
sentence: 304
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-353703-u86ggw11.txt
txt: txt/cord-353703-u86ggw11.txt
title:
  Reprogramming the unfolded protein response for replication by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  This coincided with detectable viral protein expression (here assayed for N; Fig 3A and 3B ), but it occurred earlier than peak virus replication, which was at 36 hpi in MARC-145 cells ( Fig 3G) and 24 hpi in PAMs (Fig 3H) . The unfolded protein response: from stress pathway to homeostatic regulation The unfolded protein response Intracellular signaling by the unfolded protein response Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response The Unfolded Protein Response and Cell Fate Control Dynamic interaction of BiP and ER stress transducers in the unfolded-protein response Master Regulator of the Unfolded Protein Response and Crucial Factor in Flavivirus Biology Dissociation of Kar2p/BiP from an ER sensory molecule, Ire1p, triggers the unfolded protein response in yeast Coping with stress: eIF2 kinases and translational control Reinitiation involving upstream ORFs regulates ATF4 mRNA translation in mammalian cells Regulated translation initiation controls stress-induced gene expression in mammalian cells An integrated stress response regulates amino acid metabolism and resistance to oxidative stress Transcription factor ATF4 directs basal and stress-induced gene expression in the unfolded protein response and cholesterol metabolism in the liver TRB3, a novel ER stress-inducible gene, is induced via ATF4-CHOP pathway and is involved in cell death Activating transcription factor 4 In vitro reconstitution of ER-stress induced ATF6 transport in COPII vesicles The luminal domain of ATF6 senses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and causes translocation of ATF6 from the ER to the Golgi Underglycosylation of ATF6 as a novel sensing mechanism for activation of the unfolded protein response ATF6 Is a Transcription Factor Specializing in the Regulation of Quality Control Proteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum ER stress signaling by regulated splicing: IRE1/ HAC1/XBP1 Intracellular signaling from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus: the unfolded protein response in yeast and mammals Decay of endoplasmic reticulum-localized mRNAs during the unfolded protein response RNA surveillance is required for endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis XBP1: a link between the unfolded protein response, lipid biosynthesis, and biogenesis of the endoplasmic reticulum The Multiple Roles of XBP1 in Regulation of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism A review of the mammalian unfolded protein response Innate Sensing of Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins by the Host Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Pathway Triggers a Potent Antiviral Response via ER-Associated Protein Degradation Antiviral activity of an isatin derivative via induction of PERK-Nrf2-mediated suppression of cap-independent translation Roles of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Immune Responses Cross talk between ER stress, oxidative stress, and inflammation in health and disease Crosstalk of ER stress-mediated autophagy and ER-phagy: Involvement of UPR and the core autophagy machinery FXR Inhibits Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome in Hepatocytes and Ameliorates Liver Injury The expanding roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress in virus replication and pathogenesis Nidovirales: a new order comprising Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus Pathogenesis and control of the Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Emergence of fatal PRRSV variants: unparalleled outbreaks of atypical PRRS in China and molecular dissection of the unique hallmark Importation and Recombination Are Responsible for the Latest Emergence of Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: a persistent infection Genotype 2 Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Dysregulate Alveolar Macrophage Cytokine Production via the Unfolded Protein Response The ER chaperone and signaling regulator GRP78/BiP as a monitor of endoplasmic reticulum stress Japanese encephalitis virus infection initiates endoplasmic reticulum stress and an unfolded protein response Endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced and modulated by enterovirus 71 Induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) during Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection.


id: cord-332154-2gej7h1d
author: Meier, William A.
date: 2004-12-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9191
sentence: 238
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-332154-2gej7h1d.txt
txt: txt/cord-332154-2gej7h1d.txt
title:
  Cytokines and synthetic double-stranded RNA augment the T helper 1 immune response of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  However, this pathogen is also apparently a poor stimulator of IL-12 production, since a negligible quantity of IL-12 mRNA or protein was produced by porcine PBMC exposed in vitro to PRRSV Zuckermann et al., unpublished observations) . The initial antibody-dominated immune response is not the result of insufficient antigenic stimulation, since neither the inclusion of a commercial adjuvant during primary vaccination (Meier et al., 2003) nor booster immunizations of previously heavily vaccinated pigs (Bassaganya-Riera et al., 2004) enhances virus-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI).


id: cord-255793-fi1vo0gx
author: Shi, Xibao
date: 2015-04-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1828
sentence: 58
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-255793-fi1vo0gx.txt
txt: txt/cord-255793-fi1vo0gx.txt
title:
  Small interfering RNA targeting nonstructural protein1 α (nsp1α) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can reduce the replication of PRRSV in MARC-145 cells

summary:
  nsp1α was a multi-functional protein, and both our and other previous studies have shown that PRRSV nsp1α was an interferon antagonist and found that mutation to the nucleic acid sequence of nsp1α influenced the synthesis of PRRSV subgenomic mRNA (Kroese et al., 2008; Shi et al., 2011) . Our present study showed that over-expression of PRRSV nsp1α can enhance the replication of PRRSV in MARC-145 cells (Fig. 1) , so the present work gave direct evidence that nsp1α may be a viral pathogenicity factor for PRRSV. Identification and targeting of viral pathogenicity factor are critical for understanding and controlling the virus.


id: cord-306948-wkisfz1m
author: Han, Mingyuan
title: Engineering the PRRS virus genome: Updates and perspectives
date: 2014-12-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9532
sentence: 287
flesch: 32
cache: cache/cord-306948-wkisfz1m.txt
txt: txt/cord-306948-wkisfz1m.txt
summary:
  The coding sequences in the viral genome are flanked by the 5 0 and 3 0 un-translated regions (UTRs) involved in translation, replication, and transcription (see review in Snijder et al., 2013) . The fusion of the common 5 0 sequence (leader TRS) to the different 3 0 -body segments of sg mRNAs is mediated by discontinuous transcription which is a common strategy of nidoviruses (Sawicki et al., 2007; Snijder et al., 2013; Sola et al., 2011) .


id: cord-298131-zolwjl9u
author: Xiao, Shuqi
date: 2010-06-29
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9366
sentence: 343
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-298131-zolwjl9u.txt
txt: txt/cord-298131-zolwjl9u.txt
title:
  Understanding PRRSV Infection in Porcine Lung Based on Genome-Wide Transcriptome Response Identified by Deep Sequencing

summary:
  Data were presented as fold changes in gene expression normalized to the HPRT1 gene and relative to the C sample. Despite such limitations, our DGE study offers a broad, system-wide window into molecular processes that regulate gene expression and also provides new leads for functional studies of candidate genes involved in host-virus interaction, as illustrated in this paper.


id: cord-285746-ndrja7os
author: Arjin, Chaiwat
date: 2020-03-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3792
sentence: 167
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-285746-ndrja7os.txt
txt: txt/cord-285746-ndrja7os.txt
title:
  In vitro screening antiviral activity of Thai medicinal plants against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  The range of plant extract concentrations was determined based on their CC 50 values. Several studies have investigated the use of plant extracts in the prevention and control of PRRS outbreaks.


id: cord-280578-4yxda0mf
author: Tian, Xinsheng
title: Molecular cloning, expression, purification and crystallographic analysis of PRRSV 3CL protease
date: 2007-07-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1536
sentence: 60
flesch: 55
cache: cache/cord-280578-4yxda0mf.txt
txt: txt/cord-280578-4yxda0mf.txt
summary:
  Induction at 289 K proved to increase the yield of soluble GST-3CL protease (data not shown). To obtain GST-free protein, GST-3C rhinovirus protease (kindly provided by Drs J. Heath and K. Hudson) was added to the resin at a concentration of 160 units per millilitre of bed volume.


id: cord-001371-wf0vonkn
author: Xiao, Shuqi
date: 2014-06-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2787
sentence: 105
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cord-001371-wf0vonkn.txt
txt: txt/cord-001371-wf0vonkn.txt
title:
  Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Highly Virulent and Classical Chinese-Type Isolation of PRRSV by Real-Time RT-PCR

summary:
  [12] , Pb-N (only detecting PRRSV strain), and Pb-all (simultaneously detecting both HP-PRRSV and PRRSV strains) When Pb-N (HEX) and Pb-all (FAM) were combined in a duplex real-time PCR system, the Pb-N (HEX signal) probe could only detect PRRSV strain (c), whereas Pb-all (FAM signal) probe could detect both HP-PRRSV and PRRSV strains (d).


id: cord-005376-tzmettky
author: Lee, Jung-Ah
date: 2014-03-29
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1989
sentence: 69
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-005376-tzmettky.txt
txt: txt/cord-005376-tzmettky.txt
title:
  Development of a chimeric strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with an infectious clone and a Korean dominant field strain

summary:
  However, with RG technology, the modification of infectious RNA viruses can be easily achieved. The crossreactive samples against K418 virus, including partially crossreactive ones, accounted for 27.06% whereas cross-reactive samples against MLV which widely used commercial live vaccine accounted for 5.88% of the total field samples ( Table 1) .


id: cord-262021-emboxdzu
author: Gómez-Laguna, Jaime
date: 2012-12-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4470
sentence: 124
flesch: 23
cache: cache/cord-262021-emboxdzu.txt
txt: txt/cord-262021-emboxdzu.txt
title:
  Immunopathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the respiratory tract of pigs

summary:
  The main function of PAMs is to provide the first line of phagocytic defence against microbial invasion (Cheung et al., 2000; De Baere et al., 2012) . APPs induce pro-inflammatory reactions and fever, but overexpression can also induce an anti-inflammatory state (Ceciliani et al., 2002; Petersen et al., 2004) .


id: cord-324950-ux7shvji
author: Saade, Georges
title: Coinfections and their molecular consequences in the porcine respiratory tract
date: 2020-06-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 11756
sentence: 443
flesch: 32
cache: cache/cord-324950-ux7shvji.txt
txt: txt/cord-324950-ux7shvji.txt
summary:
  Microorganisms associated with pneumonia in slaughter weight swine Retrospective analysis of etiologic agents associated with respiratory diseases in pigs Infectious agents associated with respiratory diseases in 125 farrow-to-finish pig herds: a cross-sectional study Transcriptome analysis of porcine thymus following porcine cytomegalovirus infection Interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary pneumocystosis and concurrent infections in pigs in Jeju Island Longitudinal study of respiratory infection patterns of breeding sows in five farrow-to-finish herds Bacterial pathogens associated with lung lesions in slaughter pigs from 125 herds Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae Porcine alveolar macrophage-like cells are pro-inflammatory pulmonary intravascular macrophages that produce large titers of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system Infection of monocytes with European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-1) strain Lena is significantly enhanced by dexamethasone and IL-10 Phenotypic and functional modulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus productively infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells and compromises their antigen-presenting ability Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Type 1.3 Lena triggers conventional dendritic cells 1 activation and T helper 1 immune response without infecting dendritic cells Dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages: a unified nomenclature based on ontogeny PRRS virus receptors and their role for pathogenesis Molecular cloning of porcine Siglec-3, Siglec-5 and Siglec-10, and identification of Siglec-10 as an alternative receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Involvement of sialoadhesin in entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages Gene-edited pigs are protected from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Replacement of porcine CD163 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain 5 with a CD163-Like homolog confers resistance of pigs to genotype 1 but not genotype 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Direct interaction between CD163 N-terminal domain and MYH9 C-terminal domain contributes to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus internalization by permissive cells Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: correlations with pathogenicity Increased production of proinflammatory cytokines following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus field isolates differ in in vitro interferon phenotypes Cytokine profiles and phenotype regulation of antigen presenting cells by genotype-I porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates Strain-dependent porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) entry and replication in T-lymphoblasts Cell tropism and entry of porcine circovirus 2 Porcine circovirus diseases Characteristics of porcine circovirus-2 replication in lymphoid organs of pigs inoculated in late gestation or postnatally and possible relation to clinical and pathological outcome of infection Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) distribution and replication in tissues and immune cells in early infected pigs Porcine circovirus type 2 displays pluripotency in cell targeting Dendritic cells harbor infectious porcine circovirus type 2 in the absence of apparent cell modulation or replication of the virus Association of lymphopenia with porcine circovirus type 2 induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) Cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in response to mitogen, superantigen or recall viral antigens Distribution and characterization of IL-10-secreting cells in lymphoid tissues of PCV2-infected pigs Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) viral components immunomodulate recall antigen responses Subset-dependent modulation of dendritic cell activity by circovirus type 2 Review: influenza virus in pigs Influenza The impact of animal age, bacterial coinfection, and isolate pathogenicity on the shedding of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in aerosols from experimentally infected pigs Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae possesses an antiviral activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Enriched housing reduces disease susceptibility to co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A. pleuropneumoniae) in young pigs Dual infections of PRRSV/influenza or PRRSV/Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in the respiratory tract Polybacterial human disease: the ills of social networking How viral and intracellular bacterial pathogens reprogram the metabolism of host cells to allow their intracellular replication Intra-species and inter-species differences in cytokine production by porcine antigen-presenting cells stimulated by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Viral interference and interferon Type I interferons in infectious disease Type III interferons in viral infection and antiviral immunity The roles of type I interferon in bacterial infection A role for IFN-alpha beta in virus infection-induced sensitization to endotoxin Influenza trains the host for enhanced susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection Type I interferon induction during influenza virus infection increases susceptibility to secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by negative regulation of γδ T cells Intrinsic interference: non-interferon mediated viral interference Virus-bacteria interactions: implications and potential for the applied and agricultural sciences The antiviral and antitumor effects of defective interfering particles/genomes and their mechanisms RNAi, a new therapeutic strategy against viral infection Non-specific dsRNA-mediated antiviral response in the honey bee Roles of nonstructural polyproteins and cleavage products in regulating Sindbis virus RNA replication and transcription Superinfection prevents recombination of the alphaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 1 Classical swine fever virus vs. classical swine fever virus: the superinfection exclusion phenomenon in experimentally infected wild boar Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) influences infection dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) subtypes PCV2a and PCV2b by prolonging PCV2 viremia and shedding Microbiome associations in pigs with the best and worst clinical outcomes following co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)


id: cord-007476-wu9tuvy9
author: Katz, Jonathan B.
date: 2000-03-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3940
sentence: 125
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-007476-wu9tuvy9.txt
txt: txt/cord-007476-wu9tuvy9.txt
title:
  Antigenic differences between European and American isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are encoded by the carboxyterminal portion of viral open reading frame 3

summary:
  This material was specific to virus infected cells, but was apparently not of virus structural protein origin, because it was not detected by either RIPA or immunoblot using purified virus preparations. A comparative examination using CF, PLA, and NPLA assays Rapid and efficient purification of native histidine-tagged protein expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus Reproductive failure of unknown etiology Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome ( PRRS) virus in a homogenous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein Cleavage of structural proteins during assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4 Glycosylation is necessary for the correct folding of human immunodeficiency virus gp 120 in CD4 binding Ratselhafte schweinkrankenheit Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual Differentiation of U.S. and European isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PIUS) virus by monoclonal antibodies Baculovirus expression vectors: a laboratory manual Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, equine arteritis virus, and simian hemorrhagic fever virus: a new group of positive-strand RNA viruses Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase Expression of prostaglandin endoperoxidase synthase-1 in a baculovirus system Experimental reproduction of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (mystery swine disease) by infection with Lelystad virus: Koch's postulates fulfilled Antigenic comparison of Lelystad virus and swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus A modified semm neutralization test for the detection of antibody to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in swine sera


id: cord-004754-5596p4ma
author: Duan, X.
date: 2014-04-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4888
sentence: 199
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-004754-5596p4ma.txt
txt: txt/cord-004754-5596p4ma.txt
title:
  Effects of origin and state of differentiation and activation of monocytes/macrophages on their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)

summary:
  For determining the titre of extracellular virus, medium from PRRSV infected cells was collected and centrifuged at 9000 Â g for 15 min. 100 ml of tenfold dilutions of the supernatants were inoculated in 96-well microtiter plates (Nalge Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) previously seeded with AMf. Table 1 shows the virus titres and percentage of PRRSV positive cells in freshly isolated and one day cultivated AMf at 1, 24 and 48 h after PRRSV inoculation.


id: cord-005372-7x8ro8p2
author: Jiménez, Luisa Fernanda Mancipe
date: 2014-08-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3926
sentence: 144
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-005372-7x8ro8p2.txt
txt: txt/cord-005372-7x8ro8p2.txt
title:
  Association of swine influenza H1N1 pandemic virus (SIV-H1N1p) with porcine respiratory disease complex in sows from commercial pig farms in Colombia

summary:
  Analysis was completed using logistic regression to de-termine the likelihood of increase in PRDC disease presentation in SIV-H1N1p-positive farms. The main goal of the present study was to conduct a systematic analysis of swine influenza virus infection and determine its role in PRDC presentation in the major swine-producing areas of Colombia.


id: cord-269560-vq462fh2
author: Stadejek, Tomasz
title: Pathogenicity of three genetically diverse strains of PRRSV Type 1 in specific pathogen free pigs
date: 2017-05-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5711
sentence: 200
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-269560-vq462fh2.txt
txt: txt/cord-269560-vq462fh2.txt
summary:
  An remarkably early response at 3 DPI only in BOR59 infected pigs (p < 0.05) (Fig. 3B) . The highest score was noted in lungs from BOR59 infected pigs 19, 20 and 21, where more than 30 activated lymphoid follicles were observed.


id: cord-255857-y9wjp0aj
author: Yuan, Shishan
date: 2001-11-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4291
sentence: 151
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-255857-y9wjp0aj.txt
txt: txt/cord-255857-y9wjp0aj.txt
title:
  Erratum to “Complete genome comparison of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus parental and attenuated strains”

summary:
  key: cord-255857-y9wjp0aj authors: Yuan, Shishan; Mickelson, Daniel; Murtaugh, Michael P.; Faaberg, Kay S. title: Erratum to “Complete genome comparison of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus parental and attenuated strains” date: 2001-11-05 journal: Virus Res DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1702(01)00295-7 sha: doc_id: 255857 cord_uid: y9wjp0aj Two full-length porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) genomes, strain VR-2332 and its cell culture passaged descendent RespPRRS vaccine strain, were compared and analyzed in order to identify possible sites of attenuation. Initially, several standard 5%-RACE was performed on passage 2 from the original VR-2332 field isolate brain homogenate, passage 31 of strain VR-2332 and passage 4 of RespPRRS vaccine strain (Frohman, 1994) .


id: cord-029839-jxqi9exm
author: Wang, Ye
date: 2019-09-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3975
sentence: 134
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-029839-jxqi9exm.txt
txt: txt/cord-029839-jxqi9exm.txt
title:
  Silence of TGF-β1 gene expression reduces prrsv replication and potentiates immunity of immune cells of tibetan pig

summary:
  The knockdown of TGF-β1 gene expression by shRNA could not only lead to significant inhibition of PRRSV replication in pig immune cells, but also enhance the antiviral immune responses and reduce the PRRSV yield in the infected cells. Our experiment firstly screened out effective specific shRNA targeted to pig TGF-β1 gene, it could significantly knock down the mRNA level of TGF-β1 gene and obviously increase the viability of PRRSV infected cells.


id: cord-275413-e2rhioty
author: Rowland, Raymond R.R.
title: The interaction between PRRSV and the late gestation pig fetus
date: 2010-09-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6192
sentence: 241
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-275413-e2rhioty.txt
txt: txt/cord-275413-e2rhioty.txt
summary:
  The IHC staining procedure included two sets of negative controls: tissue thin sections from non-infected fetuses and from infected fetuses stained with only secondary antibody. This scenario as a cause of severe interstitial pnuemonia in the PRRSV-infected newborn requires further investigation, but has obvious implications in the etiology of postnatal pulmonary complications following virus infections of the fetus.


id: cord-258536-qnn9hp8e
author: Cong, Yingying
title: The Interaction between Nidovirales and Autophagy Components
date: 2017-07-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6601
sentence: 282
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-258536-qnn9hp8e.txt
txt: txt/cord-258536-qnn9hp8e.txt
summary:
  Furthermore, while autophagy might be induced during infection or transient expression of single viral proteins [65, 88] , there is currently no evidence that this is directly regulated by beta-CoV. Indeed, autophagy stimulation could be part of a cellular response caused by either the presence of toxic exogenous proteins or ER stress induced by the massive production of viral proteins [89] syndrome virus replication Role of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathways in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication Autophagy sustains the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory virus in host cells Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces autophagy to promote virus replication Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Thymi of Infected Piglets Interplay of autophagy and apoptosis during PRRSV infection of Marc145 cell Open reading frame 1a-encoded subunits of the arterivirus replicase induce endoplasmic reticulum-derived double-membrane vesicles which carry the viral replication complex Autophagy postpones apoptotic cell death in PRRSV infection through Bad-Beclin1 interaction Coronavirus replication complex formation utilizes components of cellular autophagy Coronavirus replication does not require the autophagy gene ATG5 Coronaviruses Hijack the LC3-I-positive EDEMosomes, ER-derived vesicles exporting short-lived ERAD regulators, for replication An autophagy-independent role for LC3 in equine arteritis virus replication Clinical consequences of exposing pregnant gilts to strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus isolated from field cases of atypical Complete genome analysis of RFLP 184 isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Equine arteritis virus: A review of clinical features and management aspects Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus: A comprehensive review of molecular epidemiology, diagnosis, and vaccines Human coronavirus NL63, a new respiratory virus Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63 Analysis of protein expression changes of the Vero E6 cells infected with classic PEDV strain CV777 by using quantitative proteomic technique Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Induces Autophagy to Benefit Its Replication Mitophagy in TGEV infection counteracts oxidative stress and apoptosis RNA replication of mouse hepatitis virus takes place at double-membrane vesicles Identification and characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replicase proteins Ultrastructure and origin of membrane vesicles associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication complex SARS-coronavirus replication is supported by a reticulovesicular network of modified endoplasmic reticulum Localization and membrane topology of coronavirus nonstructural protein 4: Involvement of the early secretory pathway in replication Integrity of the early secretory pathway promotes, but is not required for, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus RNA synthesis and virus-induced remodeling of endoplasmic reticulum membranes Disposal of cargo and of ERAD regulators from the mammalian ER Discovery of Atg5/Atg7-independent alternative macroautophagy Coronavirus nsp6 proteins generate autophagosomes from the endoplasmic reticulum via an omegasome intermediate Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers autophagy


id: cord-003144-nqkw5v3w
author: Qu, Zehui
date: 2017-11-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5533
sentence: 252
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-003144-nqkw5v3w.txt
txt: txt/cord-003144-nqkw5v3w.txt
title:
  Label‐Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Membrane Proteins of Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages Infected with Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Its Attenuated Strain

summary:
  Cluster of differentiation CD163, vimentin (VIM), and nmII as well as detected proteins are assessed together by string analysis, which elucidated a potentially different infection mechanism. Receptor proteins involved in PRRSV entry are in Figure 9 To better understand the characteristics of pathway-like regions, the GenomRNAi database was analyzed to annotate detected proteins.


id: cord-002087-o8kffjw0
author: Shi, Xibao
date: 2016-06-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2654
sentence: 106
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-002087-o8kffjw0.txt
txt: txt/cord-002087-o8kffjw0.txt
title:
  Nonstructural protein 11 (nsp11) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) promotes PRRSV infection in MARC-145 cells

summary:
  In conclusion, PRRSV nsp11 promotes PRRSV infection in MARC-145 cells and siRNAs targeting nsp11 may be a potential therapeutic strategy to control PRRSV in future. Other and our previous work also demonstrated that PRRSV nsp11 inhibited the host innate immune responses such as the transcription of type


id: cord-033692-txfuuu7d
author: Lim, Byeonghwi
date: 2020-10-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7941
sentence: 286
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-033692-txfuuu7d.txt
txt: txt/cord-033692-txfuuu7d.txt
title:
  Integrated time-serial transcriptome networks reveal common innate and tissue-specific adaptive immune responses to PRRSV infection

summary:
  The remaining pigs were humanely euthanised without virus infection as an uninfected control (0 dpi) group. Dynamic changes in these significant gene subsets at 3 dpi may represent biological signals associated with general and early immunological mechanisms in response to virus infection.


id: cord-005378-u2bbgn8k
author: Yun, Sang-Im
title: Overview: Replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
date: 2013-12-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6592
sentence: 136
flesch: 19
cache: cache/cord-005378-u2bbgn8k.txt
txt: txt/cord-005378-u2bbgn8k.txt
summary:
  Autocatalytic processing of these precursors generates at least 14 nonstructural proteins (NSPs) (Ziebuhr et al., 2000; Fang and Snijder, 2010) : 10 encoded in ORF1a (NSP1α, NSP1β, NSP2 to NSP6, NSP7α, NSP7β, and NSP8) and 4 encoded in ORF1b (NSP9 to NSP12) (Snijder et al., 1992 (Snijder et al., , 1994 den Boon et al., 1995; van Dinten et al., 1996; This proteolytic processing is mediated by four viral proteases residing in NSP1α, NSP1β, NSP2, and NSP4 (den Boon et al., 1995; Snijder et al., 1996; van Aken et al., 2006b) .


id: cord-275182-cmjfqkjz
author: Cruz, Jazmina L.G.
title: Vectored vaccines to protect against PRRSV
date: 2010-06-25
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8365
sentence: 327
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-275182-cmjfqkjz.txt
txt: txt/cord-275182-cmjfqkjz.txt
summary:
  A recombinant PRV, based on the attenuated Bartha strain, was constructed expressing PRRSV GP5 protein (Qiu et al., 2005) . Animals inoculated with the recombinant PRV expressing PRRSV proteins developed NAbs before the challenge.


id: cord-266716-pghnl980
author: Wang, Hai-Ming
date: 2018-02-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3412
sentence: 135
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-266716-pghnl980.txt
txt: txt/cord-266716-pghnl980.txt
title:
  Isobavachalcone inhibits post-entry stages of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus life cycle

summary:
  In this study, we observed that isobavachalcone (IBC), which was first isolated from Psoralea corylifolia, had potent anti-PRRSV activity in vitro. In the current study, for the first time, we observed that IBC has anti-PRRSV activity.


id: cord-001134-8ljgxnhf
author: Lin, Chao-Nan
date: 2013-09-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2984
sentence: 131
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-001134-8ljgxnhf.txt
txt: txt/cord-001134-8ljgxnhf.txt
title:
  Comparison of viremia of type II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in naturally infected pigs by zip nucleic acid probe-based real-time PCR

summary:
  Moreover, based on the present results, it can be concluded that when pigs are infected with PRRSV, the amount of PRRSV in serum samples is significantly higher in PRDC pigs. The presence of this marker in a sample of animals with high PRRSV loads (>10(4.2)


id: cord-282242-5tkhjiwl
author: Gómez-Laguna, J.
date: 2009-08-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3817
sentence: 159
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-282242-5tkhjiwl.txt
txt: txt/cord-282242-5tkhjiwl.txt
title:
  Cytokine Expression by Macrophages in the Lung of Pigs Infected with the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

summary:
  key: cord-282242-5tkhjiwl authors: Gómez-Laguna, J.; Salguero, F.J.; Barranco, I.; Pallarés, F.J.; Rodríguez-Gómez, I.M.; Bernabé, A.; Carrasco, L. title: Cytokine Expression by Macrophages in the Lung of Pigs Infected with the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus date: 2009-08-19 journal: J Comp Pathol DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.07.004 sha: doc_id: 282242 cord_uid: 5tkhjiwl Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is caused by a virus that predominantly replicates in alveolar macrophages. All of these cytokines were expressed mainly by septal macrophages with weaker expression by alveolar macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils.


id: cord-266199-smlq11y9
author: Dhakal, Santosh
title: Nanoparticle-based vaccine development and evaluation against viral infections in pigs
date: 2019-11-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7654
sentence: 319
flesch: 32
cache: cache/cord-266199-smlq11y9.txt
txt: txt/cord-266199-smlq11y9.txt
summary:
  potential and limitations Respiratory nanoparticle-based vaccines and challenges associated with animal models and translation Chitosan nanoparticles act as an adjuvant to promote both Th1 and Th2 immune responses induced by ovalbumin in mice Poly(anhydride) nanoparticles act as active Th1 adjuvants through Toll-like receptor exploitation Liposome-based adjuvants for subunit vaccines: formulation strategies for subunit antigens and immunostimulators Vaccine delivery using nanoparticles Potent antigen-specific immune responses stimulated by codelivery of CpG ODN and antigens in degradable microparticles Enhancement of immune responses by co-delivery of a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and tetanus toxoid in biodegradable nanospheres Co-delivery of cancer-associated antigen and Toll-like receptor 4 ligand in PLGA nanoparticles induces potent CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity M-cell targeted biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles for oral immunization against hepatitis B Dendritic cell targeted chitosan nanoparticles for nasal DNA immunization against SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein Rapid endo-lysosomal escape of poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles: implications for drug and gene delivery Enhanced and prolonged crosspresentation following endosomal escape of exogenous antigens encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles Cytotoxic T cell vaccination with PLGA microspheres interferes with influenza A virus replication in the lung and suppresses the infectious disease Entrapment of H1N1 influenza virus derived conserved peptides in PLGA nanoparticles enhances T cell response and vaccine efficacy in pigs Biodegradable nanoparticle delivery of inactivated swine influenza virus vaccine provides heterologous cell-mediated immune response in pigs Induction of potent antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response by PLGA-nanoparticles containing antigen and TLR agonist Polyanhydride nanovaccine against swine influenza virus in pigs Virus-like particles as a highly efficient vaccine platform: diversity of targets and production systems and advances in clinical development Virus-like particle engineering: from rational design to versatile applications Phagocytic processing of exogenous particulate antigens by macrophages for presentation by class I MHC molecules Efficient major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of exogenous antigen upon phagocytosis by macrophages Major findings and recent advances in virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines Development of a porcine reproductive and respiratory Research efforts are ongoing to develop porcine viral vaccines using NPs-based technologies.


id: cord-001236-cgiok0ce
author: Binjawadagi, Basavaraj
date: 2014-03-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7580
sentence: 260
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-001236-cgiok0ce.txt
txt: txt/cord-001236-cgiok0ce.txt
title:
  An innovative approach to induce cross-protective immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the lungs of pigs through adjuvanted nanotechnology-based vaccination

summary:
  Therefore, in this study we investigated the immune responses exclusively both at mucosal surfaces and parenchyma of pig lungs. 14 Induction of strong local mucosal immunity and clearance of heterologous PRRSV from vaccinated pig lungs is important for effective control of PRRS.


id: cord-328935-mn8r972x
author: Hodgins, Douglas C.
title: Mucosal Veterinary Vaccines: Comparative Vaccinology
date: 2015-03-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 16353
sentence: 541
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-328935-mn8r972x.txt
txt: txt/cord-328935-mn8r972x.txt
summary:
  The gnotobiotic piglet as a model for studies of disease pathogenesis and immunity to human rotaviruses Comparative studies of the pathogenesis, antibody immune responses, and homologous protection to porcine and human rotaviruses in gnotobiotic piglets Gut microbiota and probiotics in modulation of epithelium and gut-associated lymphoid tissue function Prevention of human rotavirus-induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic piglets using bovine antibody Influence of maternal antibodies on vaccine responses: inhibition of antibody but not T cell responses allows successful early prime-boost strategies in mice Canine parvovirus type 2 vaccine protects against virulent challenge with type 2c virus Boosting of secretory IgA antibody responses in man by parenteral cholera vaccination Cleavage of proteins of reproductive secretions by extracellular proteinases of Tritrichomonas foetus Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines: in vitro PRRSV and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae co-infection model Veterinary Immunology, An Introduction Serum and intestinal isotype antibody responses and correlates of protective immunity to human rotavirus in a gnotobiotic pig model of disease Toll-like receptor 2 and 9 are expressed and functional in gut-associated lymphoid tissues of presuckling newborn swine Efficacy of a recombinant equine influenza vaccine against challenge with an American lineage H3N8 influenza virus responsible for the 2003 outbreak in the United Kingdom Efficacy of a cold-adapted, intranasal equine influenza vaccine: challenge trials Dendritic cell-targeted protein vaccines: a novel approach to induce T-cell immunity Failure of passive transfer in foals: incidence and outcome on four studs in New South Wales Protective immunity in macaques vaccinated with live attenuated, recombinant, and subunit measles vaccines in the presence of passively acquired antibodies Contribution of antibody-secreting cells induced in mucosal lymphoid tissues of pigs inoculated with respiratory or enteric strains of coronavirus to immunity against enteric coronavirus challenge Isotype-specific antibody-secreting cells to transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus in gut-and bronchus-associated lymphoid tissues of suckling pigs Effects of various vaccination protocols on passive and active immunity to Pasteurella haemolytica and Haemophilus somnus in beef calves Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies Nanobodies ® : new ammunition to battle viruses Maternal antibodies against equine influenza virus in foals and their interference with vaccination Egg yolk IgY: protection against rotavirus induced diarrhea and modulatory effect on the systemic and mucosal antibody responses in newborn calves Cholera toxin improves the F4(K88)-specific immune response following oral immunization of pigs with recombinant FaeG A field trial to evaluate the efficacy of a combined rotaviruscoronavirus/Escherichia coli vaccine in dairy cattle Inactivated rotavirus vaccine induces protective immunity in gnotobiotic piglets Possible mechanisms of protection elicited by candidate rotavirus vaccines as determined with the adult mouse model Rotavirus vaccines: how they work or don't work Role of maternally derived circulating antibodies in protection of neonatal swine against porcine group Because PRRSV infection rapidly subverts the host immune responses, an effective adjuvant must overcome immunosuppression caused by vaccine virus and simultaneously potentiate virus-specific adaptive immunity.


id: cord-299751-2drhoz70
author: Tabynov, Kairat
date: 2016-08-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6126
sentence: 189
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-299751-2drhoz70.txt
txt: txt/cord-299751-2drhoz70.txt
title:
  Inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine adjuvanted with Montanide™ Gel 01 ST elicits virus-specific cross-protective inter-genotypic response in piglets

summary:
  Two types of PRRSV vaccines are commercially available, modified live virus (MLV) vaccine and a killed virus (KV) vaccine (Charerntantanakul, 2009) . A commercial killed PRRSV vaccine (C/KV/ADJ, strain NVDC-JXA1, type 2) was selected as a reference vaccine, which has been in use for immunization of pigs against PRRS in most of the pig farms in Kazakhstan.


id: cord-281676-yy5etfek
author: Dwivedi, Varun
date: 2011-05-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5970
sentence: 206
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-281676-yy5etfek.txt
txt: txt/cord-281676-yy5etfek.txt
title:
  Cross-protective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by intranasal delivery of a live virus vaccine with a potent adjuvant

summary:
  Nasopharyngeal MALT contains the entire repertoire of immune cells which are strategically located to orchestrate regional immune functions against airborne infections [11] . Consistent with the reduced lung lesions and viremia, a significantly increased frequency of IFN-␥- Table 1 Frequency of immune cells in pigs inoculated intranasally with mock (no vaccination and no challenge), unvaccinated (n = 9) or vaccinated with PRRS-MLV+ Mtb WCL (n = 9) and then challenged with PRRSV MN184.


id: cord-257886-ytlnhyxr
author: Zhao, Kuan
date: 2019-05-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4903
sentence: 216
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-257886-ytlnhyxr.txt
txt: txt/cord-257886-ytlnhyxr.txt
title:
  Nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antagonizes the antiviral activity of TRIM25 by interfering with TRIM25-mediated RIG-I ubiquitination

summary:
  Furthermore, N protein inhibits the expression of TRIM25 and TRIM25-mediated RIG-I ubiquitination to suppress interferon β production. Furthermore, with increasing TRIM25 expression, the inhibitory effect of N protein on the ubiquitination of RIG-I diminished.


id: cord-282113-sed5xyte
author: Zheng, Hao
date: 2010-10-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4560
sentence: 179
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-282113-sed5xyte.txt
txt: txt/cord-282113-sed5xyte.txt
title:
  Baculovirus expression of cloned porcine arterivirus generates infectious particles in both insect and mammalian cells

summary:
  In addition, recombinant baculovirus has been used to amplify an adeno-associated virus vector in insect cells and recently Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV), an insect virus that infects aphids, was successfully generated in insect cells from recombinant baculovirus (Aslanidi et al., 2009; Pal et al., 2007) . However, it remains an open question whether vertebrate viruses can be generated in insect cells by use of appropriate baculovirus recombinants.


id: cord-259771-653opx0h
author: Dwivedi, Varun
date: 2012-12-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5905
sentence: 224
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-259771-653opx0h.txt
txt: txt/cord-259771-653opx0h.txt
title:
  Biodegradable Nanoparticle-Entrapped Vaccine Induces Cross-Protective Immune Response against a Virulent Heterologous Respiratory Viral Infection in Pigs

summary:
  Applied Chemistry and Chemical Enginnering Delivering neuroactive molecules from biodegradable microspheres for application in central nervous system disorders Intranasal M cell uptake of nanoparticles is independently influenced by targeting ligands and buffer ionic strength Swine influenza H1N1 virus induces acute inflammatory immune responses in pig lungs: a potential animal model for human H1N1 influenza virus Porcine dendritic cells generated in vitro: morphological, phenotypic and functional properties Altered pathogenesis of porcine respiratory coronavirus in pigs due to immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone: implications for corticosteroid use in treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus An immune basis for lung parenchymal destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema Detection and duration of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in semen, serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and tissues from Yorkshire, Hampshire, and Landrace boars Cross-protective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by intranasal delivery of a live virus vaccine with a potent adjuvant Induction of protective immune responses against Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus aerosol challenge with microencapsulated VEE virus vaccine Immunogenicity of bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus proteins encapsulated in nanoparticle vaccines, following intranasal administration to mice Interferon-alpha response to swine arterivirus (PoAV), the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Dendritic cell progenitors phagocytose particulates, including bacillus Calmette-Guerin organisms, and sensitize mice to mycobacterial antigens in vivo Biodegradable polymer microspheres as vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems Differential effects of agarose and poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) on dendritic cell maturation Differential levels of dendritic cell maturation on different biomaterials used in combination products Cellular variables in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) in selected healthy pigs Metal-rich ambient particles (particulate matter 2.5) cause airway inflammation in healthy subjects Studies on chitosan: In a post-challenge study, Nano-KAg vaccinated MN184 challenged pigs were clinically healthy with no fever or respiratory distress.


id: cord-002589-xq3iq8ai
author: Frossard, Jean-Pierre
date: 2017-06-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3768
sentence: 133
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-002589-xq3iq8ai.txt
txt: txt/cord-002589-xq3iq8ai.txt
title:
  UK Pigs at the Time of Slaughter: Investigation into the Correlation of Infection with PRRSV and HEV

summary:
  The phylogenetic trees (Figure 1 ) illustrate the genetic diversity of the ORF5 genes from the 23 samples in this study in comparison to the vaccine virus licensed in the UK at the time and 48 published reference sequences representing the different genotypes and subtypes ( Figure 1A ) and in more detail, in the context of 431 previously sequenced viruses specifically from UK pigs between 1991 and 2014 (unpublished data) ( Figure 1B ). Hepatitis E: An emerging infection in developed countries Zoonotic origin of hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus in England and Wales: Indigenous infection is associated with the consumption of processed pork products The cost of endemic disease in pig production Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Genetic diversity of recent British isolates In utero infection with PRRS virus modulates cellular functions of blood monocytes and alveolar lung macrophages in piglets Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-induced increase in susceptibility in Streptococcus suis infection Infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus suppresses the antibody response to classical swine fever virus vaccination Risk factors for Salmonella enterica subsp enterica shedding by market-age pigs in French farrow-to-finish herds Hepatitis E virus chronic infection of swine co-infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Host-pathogen interactions during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 infection of piglets Increased pathogenicity of European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is associated with enhanced adaptive responses and viral clearance A prevalence study of Salmonella spp., Yersinia spp., Toxoplasma gondii and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in UK pigs at slaughter Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pigs at the time of slaughter Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus:


id: cord-004477-qu2o2iu1
author: Vlasova, Anastasia N.
title: Editorial: Porcine Anti-Viral Immunity
date: 2020-03-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1586
sentence: 57
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-004477-qu2o2iu1.txt
txt: txt/cord-004477-qu2o2iu1.txt
summary:
  Pigs also serve as zoonotic reservoirs for viruses transmittable to humans and other species, including influenza A virus, Nipah virus, and hepatitis E virus (1) . Since viruses can alter their genome >10 6 times faster than their mammalian hosts (4), the latter would have succumbed to microbial infection were it not for their adaptive immune system that uses somatic gene rearrangement and mutation to counter the rapid diversification of microbes.


id: cord-313445-4v7pjqt2
author: Zhao, Jun
date: 2020-10-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3387
sentence: 172
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cord-313445-4v7pjqt2.txt
txt: txt/cord-313445-4v7pjqt2.txt
title:
  Porcine interferon lambda 3 (IFN-λ3) shows potent anti-PRRSV activity in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs)

summary:
  Type I IFN receptor is ubiquitously expressed in various types of cells and organs; However, IFN-λR1 is widely expressed on epithelial cells, dendritic cells, human peripheral blood monocytes or macrophages [2] , which means that IFN-λs may provide a focused antiviral response against mucosal and immune organ infections. In summary, our data demonstrated that IFN-λ3 could inhibit the replication of PRRSV in Primary PAMs, and such inhibition is dose-and time-dependent.


id: cord-281309-c9y7m5do
author: Guo, Baoqing
date: 2013-01-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7974
sentence: 233
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-281309-c9y7m5do.txt
txt: txt/cord-281309-c9y7m5do.txt
title:
  Experimental infection of United States swine with a Chinese highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  Mean interstitial pneumonia lesions were 3.33, 3.75, and 2.00 for Chinese PRRSV challenge group (Group 2), contact Chinese PRRSV pigs (Group 3) and VR-2332 challenge (Group 4), respectively (Fig. 3B ). Lesions were significantly (P¼0.0002) more severe in the Chinese PRRSV challenge group (Group 2) and contact Chinese PRRSV pigs (Group 3) as compared to the VR-2332 challenge (Group 4).


id: cord-291962-rp172ugk
author: Jing, Huiyuan
date: 2019-07-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5750
sentence: 217
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-291962-rp172ugk.txt
txt: txt/cord-291962-rp172ugk.txt
title:
  Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor X1 restricts porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 replication by interacting with viral Nsp9

summary:
  Western blot analysis further showed that si-NLRX1-2 # reduced the level of NLRX1 protein by ∼87% compared to the controls cells transfected with NC siRNA (Fig. 3B) . NLRX1 protein levels measured by Western blotting reflected the changes in mRNA observed, suggesting that endogenous NLRX1 expression was upregulated by PRRSV infection (Fig. 1C) .


id: cord-259296-qsaewje2
author: Wang, Pengcheng
title: Tomatidine inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by targeting 3CL protease
date: 2020-11-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8207
sentence: 407
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cord-259296-qsaewje2.txt
txt: txt/cord-259296-qsaewje2.txt
summary:
  D Docked conformations of tomatidine with PEDV 3CLpro or inactive 3CLpro. To verify the binding of 3CLpro and tomatidine, PEDV 3CLpro fused with His tag was expressed in soluble form using an E. coli expression system ( Figure 5A(i) ).


id: cord-301563-s0ypy2hf
author: Wang, Dang
date: 2015-09-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6693
sentence: 244
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-301563-s0ypy2hf.txt
txt: txt/cord-301563-s0ypy2hf.txt
title:
  The nonstructural protein 11 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus inhibits NF-κB signaling by means of its deubiquitinating activity

summary:
  Residues D144, K173, D180 and Y219 are also associated with the DUB activity of Nsp11 PRRSV Nsp11 encodes an endoribonuclease (NendoU), which is conserved throughout the Nidovirales order but has not been identified in RNA viruses of other families (Ivanov et al., 2004; Nedialkova et al., 2009) . The C112 residue is a potential catalytic site for Nsp11 DUB activity There are five families of DUBs characterized by specific structural domains: ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolases (UCHs), ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs), ovarian tumor proteases (OTUs), Josephins and JAB1/MOV34 metalloenzymes (JAMMs).


id: cord-312787-j7ye7ed5
author: Loemba, H. D.
date: 1996
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3424
sentence: 119
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-312787-j7ye7ed5.txt
txt: txt/cord-312787-j7ye7ed5.txt
title:
  Kinetics of humoral immune response to the major structural proteins of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  Comparison of porcine alveolar macrophages and CL 2621 for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus and anti-PRRS antibody Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332) Persistence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in a swine operation Antibody-dependent enhancement of SIRS virus replication Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction Molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group Structural proteins of equine arteritis virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line Antigenic comparison of Canadian and U.S. isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: morphological, biochemical and serological characteristics of Quebec isolates associated to acute and chronic outbreaks of PRRS Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and efficient differentiation between Canadian and European strains by reverse transcription and PCR amplification Molecular analysis of the ORFs 3 to 7 genes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Quebec strain IAF-exp91 Kinetics of humoral immune response to structural proteins of PRRSV 761 Diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV Characterization of proteins encoded by ORFs 2 to 7 of Lelystad virus Differentiation of US and European isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by monoclonal antibodies Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus Antibody production and blastogenic response in pigs experimentally infected with PRRS virus Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus Morrison RB (t992) An indirect fluorescent antibody test for the detection of antibody to swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera A modified serum neutralization test for the detection of antibody to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera Persistent and contact infection in nursery pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Characterization of the humoral immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection We thank Louise Wilson, Micheline Ch6nard, and Nicole Sawyer tbr their technical assistance. Briefly, replicas of viral proteins, separated by SDS-PAGE and electrophoretically transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes, were incubated for 1 h at 37 °C in the presence of 1:50 dilution of the tested porcine sera.


id: cord-310771-tnwfp1je
author: Revilla-Fernández, Sandra
date: 2005-02-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5961
sentence: 188
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-310771-tnwfp1je.txt
txt: txt/cord-310771-tnwfp1je.txt
title:
  The use of endogenous and exogenous reference RNAs for qualitative and quantitative detection of PRRSV in porcine semen

summary:
  A method was developed for qualitative and quantitative detection of the seminal cell-associated PRRSV RNA in relation to endogenous and exogenous reference RNAs. Particularly for the analysis of persistent infections associated with low copy numbers of PRRSV RNA, UBE2D2 mRNA is an ideal control due to its low expression in seminal cells and its detection in all samples analysed (n = 36).


id: cord-275403-g4rohhtt
author: Bautista, Elida M.
date: 2002-07-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7486
sentence: 263
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-275403-g4rohhtt.txt
txt: txt/cord-275403-g4rohhtt.txt
title:
  Functional Properties of the Predicted Helicase of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

summary:
  Kinetic analysis of recombinant helicase ATPase activity revealed dependence on time (Fig. 6A ) and substrate concentration (Fig. 6B) . Coronavirus genome: Prediction of putative functional domains in the non-structural polyprotein by comparative amino acid sequence analysis RNAstimulated ATPase and RNA helicase activities and RNA binding domain of hepatitis G virus nonstructural protein 3 Characterization of coronavirus RNA polymerase gene products Identification of an ATPase activity associated with a 71-kilodalton polypeptide encoded in gene 1 of the human coronavirus 229E Isolation and genome characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in P.R ATPase, GTPase, and RNA binding activities associated with the 206-kilodalton protein of turnip yellow mosaic virus Virus-encoded RNA helicases Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (Prrs) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of Ma-104 cell line The serine protease and RNA-stimulated nucleoside triphosphatase and RNA helicase functional domains of dengue virus type 2 NS3 converge within a region of 20 amino acids Firefly and bacterial luminescence: Basic science and applications Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV Infectious transcripts from cloned genome-length cDNA of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Analyzing Data with GraphPad Prism Nucleoside triphosphate specificity of firefly luciferase Comparison of the structural protein coding sequences of the VR-2332 and Lelystad virus strains of the PRRS virus Genetic variation in the PRRS virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus comparison: Divergent evolution on two continents Analysis of ORF 1 in European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by long RT-PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis Lactate dehydrogenaseelevating virus, equine arteritis virus, and simian hemorrhagic fever virus: A new group of positive-strand RNA viruses A steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetic analysis of the NTPase activity associated with the hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase domain ATPase and GTPase activities associated with Semliki Forest virus nonstructural protein nsP2 Molecular Cloning.


id: cord-002590-24o2viv3
author: Rahe, Michael C.
title: Mechanisms of Adaptive Immunity to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
date: 2017-06-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8022
sentence: 300
flesch: 28
cache: cache/cord-002590-24o2viv3.txt
txt: txt/cord-002590-24o2viv3.txt
summary:
  The ability of a pathogen to successfully infect and replicate within innate immune cells makes the development of a protective immune response more difficult. Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae PRRSV, the virus Broadly neutralizing antibodies against the rapidly evolving porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus The ever-expanding diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Innate and adaptive immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Chimeric porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses reveal full function of genotype 1 envelope proteins in the backbone of genotype 2 The PRRSV replicase: Exploring the multifunctionality of an intriguing set of nonstructural proteins Current knowledge on the structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus: Comparison of the North American and European isolates Novel structural protein in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by an alternative ORF5 present in all arteriviruses Localization and fine mapping of antigenic sites on the nucleocapsid protein N of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with monoclonal antibodies Evolutionary diversification of type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Description of persistence in individual pigs upon experimental infection Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): Pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection of gnotobiotic pigs: Sites of virus replication and co-localization with MAC-387 staining at 21 days post-infection Virus quantification and identification of cellular targets in the lungs and lymphoid tissues of pigs at different time intervals after inoculation with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line Characterization of interaction between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine dendritic cells Gene-edited pigs are protected from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Genetic engineering alveolar macrophages for host resistance to PRRSV Interferon-alpha response to swine arterivirus (PoAV), the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Pig immune response to general stimulus and to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: A meta-analysis approach In vivo and in vitro interferon (IFN) studies with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: Correlations with pathogenicity Antigen-specific B-cell responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus utilizes nanotubes for intercellular spread Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection spreads by cell-to-cell transfer in cultured MARC-145 cells, is dependent on an intact cytoskeleton, and is suppressed by drug-targeting of cell permissiveness to virus infection Schwartz-Cornil, I. Rotavirus anti-VP6 secretory immunoglobulin A contributes to protection via intracellular neutralization but not via immune exclusion Intracellular neutralization of viral infection in polarized epithelial cells by neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-mediated IgG transport The Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection suppresses Th17 cells response in vivo Thymic depletion of lymphocytes is associated with the virulence of PRRSV-1 strains Identification of apoptotic cells in the thymus of piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Suppression of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages in vitro The comparative profile of lymphoid cells and the T and B cell spectratype of germ-free piglets infected with viruses SIV, PRRSV or PCV2 Type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection mediated apoptosis in B-and T-cell areas in lymphoid organs of experimentally infected pigs The molecular mechanisms of regulatory T cell immunosuppression.


id: cord-262347-ejhz9rra
author: Kappes, Matthew A.
title: PRRSV structure, replication and recombination: Origin of phenotype and genotype diversity
date: 2015-03-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 10173
sentence: 249
flesch: 21
cache: cache/cord-262347-ejhz9rra.txt
txt: txt/cord-262347-ejhz9rra.txt
summary:
  PRRSV replication closely ties three key features: rearrangement of host membranes to establish viral replication complexes (RC), synthesis and expression of gRNA, transcription of sgRNA for the efficient expression of structural proteins, at the same time as the unique ability to produce aberrant PRRSV sgRNAs known as heteroclites (Yuan et al., 2000 (Yuan et al., , 2004 . DI RNAs are generated through nonhomologous recombination between viral genomes resulting in random internal deletions but still encode the replication elements essential for generation of defective progeny virus including the genes encoding for the polymerase, essential replicase proteins, and capsid protein(s) (Yuan et al., 2000) .


id: cord-309428-qkjjxr6p
author: Li, Liwei
date: 2015-01-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5108
sentence: 189
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-309428-qkjjxr6p.txt
txt: txt/cord-309428-qkjjxr6p.txt
title:
  Host miR-26a suppresses replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by upregulating type I interferons

summary:
  We then analyzed the kinetics of miR-26 expression in PRRSV infected PAM cells. Indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) were performed as described previously (Tian et al., 2011) for the detection of nucleocapsid (N) protein in PRRSV vJX143 infected MARC-145 cells or PAMs pre-transfected with miR-26 family or mutant mimics.


id: cord-003492-rodqdtfj
author: Montaner-Tarbes, Sergio
title: Key Gaps in the Knowledge of the Porcine Respiratory Reproductive Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)
date: 2019-02-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9582
sentence: 241
flesch: 17
cache: cache/cord-003492-rodqdtfj.txt
txt: txt/cord-003492-rodqdtfj.txt
summary:
  In vitro comparisons with pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMS) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus utilizes nanotubes for intercellular spread Effect of malaria on HIV/AIDS transmission and progression Tunneling nanotubes (TNT) are induced by HIV-infection of macrophages: a potential mechanism for intercellular HIV trafficking Tunneling nanotubes as a novel route of cell-to-cell spread of herpesviruses Innate and adaptive immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis Interferon-stimulated genes: a complex web of host defenses Production of type I interferons: plasmacytoid dendritic cells and beyond Immune responses in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: Correlations with pathogenicity In vivo and in vitro interferon (IFN) studies with the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Interferon type I response in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected MARC-145 cells Modulation of innate immune signaling by nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) in the family Arteriviridae Interplay between interferonmediated innate immunity and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Modulation of host cell responses and evasion strategies for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein modulates interferon-β production by inhibiting IRF3 activation in immortalized porcine alveolar macrophages The PRRSV replicase: exploring the multifunctionality of an intriguing set of nonstructural proteins Open reading frame 1a-encoded subunits of the arterivirus replicase induce endoplasmic reticulumderived double-membrane vesicles which carry the viral replication complex Porcine alveolar macrophage polarization is involved in inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) topology and selective isoform integration in artificial membranes The cysteine protease domain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 2 possesses deubiquitinating and interferon antagonism functions Immunodominant epitopes in nsp2 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus are dispensable for replication, but play an important role in modulation of the host immune response Nonstructural protein 11 (nsp11) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) promotes PRRSV infection in MARC-145 cells Nonstructural protein 11 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus suppresses both MAVS and RIG-I expression as one of the mechanisms to antagonize type i For example, in respiratory syncytial virus infection, EVs are released with a selected modified cargo when compared with uninfected epithelial cells.


id: cord-333423-jhm7u8ka
author: Wang, Dang
date: 2019-05-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7270
sentence: 259
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-333423-jhm7u8ka.txt
txt: txt/cord-333423-jhm7u8ka.txt
title:
  Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus nsp11 Antagonizes Type I Interferon Signaling by Targeting IRF9

summary:
  Furthermore, the three-dimensional (3D) structures of NendoU activity-defective arterivirus nsp11 (K173A in PRRSV nsp11; H141A and K170A in EAV nsp11) are remarkably similar to those of WT PRRSV nsp11 (21, 23) , with an overall root mean square deviation (RMSD) range of 0.408 to 2.000 Å (data not shown), suggesting that the Ala substitution in His129, His144, and Lys173 of PRRSV nsp11 in this study might not prevent the core conformations of nsp11 protein from folding correctly. Here, we found that PRRSV nsp11 also inhibited IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) promoter activity and subsequent transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs).


id: cord-000403-vzbh457k
author: Zhang, Weijun
date: 2011-05-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4280
sentence: 155
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-000403-vzbh457k.txt
txt: txt/cord-000403-vzbh457k.txt
title:
  Identification of CD8(+ )cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus matrix protein in BALB/c mice

summary:
  A multiple amino acid sequence alignment among different PRRSV M proteins indicates that these two peptides are strongly conserved across multiple PRRSV strains and therefore should be considered for further research. We screened peptides derived from the PRRSV M protein for their ability to induce interferon (IFN)-γ in splenocytes harvested from BALB/ c mice following DNA vaccination and a booster vaccination with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing M protein.


id: cord-289152-w5ynbewh
author: Lee, Sang-Myeong
title: Porcine arterivirus activates the NF-κB pathway through IκB degradation
date: 2005-11-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8038
sentence: 289
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-289152-w5ynbewh.txt
txt: txt/cord-289152-w5ynbewh.txt
summary:
  Agents in atherosclerosis Role of NF-kappaB and myc proteins in apoptosis induced by hepatitis B virus HBx protein Epstein -Barr virus binding to CD21 activates the initial viral promoter via NF-kappaB induction In vivo detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus RNA by in situ hybridization at different times postinfection Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replicates in testicular germ cells, alters spermatogenesis, and induces germ cell death by apoptosis The interferon-alpha/beta system in antiviral responses: a multimodal machinery of gene regulation by the IRF family of transcription factors Respiratory syncytial virus inhibits apoptosis and induces NF-kappa B activity through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway Proinflammatory cytokines and viral respiratory disease in pigs Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: correlations with pathogenicity In vivo studies on cytokine involvement during acute viral respiratory disease of swine: troublesome but rewarding Influenza A virus NS1 protein prevents activation of NF-kappaB and induction of alpha/beta interferon Mitochondrially associated hepatitis B virus X protein constitutively activates transcription factors STAT-3 and NF-kappa B via oxidative stress Hepatitis C virus NS5A and subgenomic replicon activate NF-kappaB via tyrosine phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and its degradation by calpain protease Virus infection induces the assembly of coordinately activated transcription factors on the IFN-beta enhancer in vivo Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: a persistent infection Duration of infection and proportion of pigs persistently infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus In response to a wide range of stress signals (e.g., lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1, and virus infection), the inactive NF-nB-InB complex is dissociated via serine phosphorylation by InB kinase (IKK) and degradation of InB in proteasomes.


id: cord-299038-e0nsol3y
author: Chang, Yung-Chi
title: Siglecs at the Host–Pathogen Interface
date: 2020-03-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6904
sentence: 189
flesch: 19
cache: cache/cord-299038-e0nsol3y.txt
txt: txt/cord-299038-e0nsol3y.txt
summary:
  These abundant Sia and Sia-like C. jejuni surface structures (e.g. pseudaminic acid) help mediate a complicated interaction with host immune cells that may impact C. jejuni human disease associations, ranging from autoimmune neuropathies to asymptomatic colonization in individuals with repeated exposure to Campylobacter spp. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) are cell surface receptors belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily.


id: cord-004838-cdas57cx
author: Morozov, I.
date: 1995
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2241
sentence: 97
flesch: 55
cache: cache/cord-004838-cdas57cx.txt
txt: txt/cord-004838-cdas57cx.txt
title:
  Sequence analysis of open reading frames (ORFs) 2 to 4 of a U.S. isolate of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  The cDNA clones containing PRRSV specific sequences were selected using a VR2385 ORF 4 specific PCR probe and sequenced. The cDNA clones containing PRRSV specific sequences were selected using a VR2385 ORF 4 specific PCR probe and sequenced.


id: cord-004151-9815ikzg
author: Pan, Xiaocheng
date: 2020-01-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6441
sentence: 231
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-004151-9815ikzg.txt
txt: txt/cord-004151-9815ikzg.txt
title:
  Illumination of PRRSV Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes by the Three-Dimensional Structure and Peptidome of Swine Lymphocyte Antigen Class I (SLA-I)

summary:
  In our study, a novel approach was used to select PRRSV CTL epitopes, i.e., starting from a computer prediction for PRRSV peptides, followed by in vitro complex refolding with SLA-1 * 1502, the analysis of the complex crystal structure, the identification of SLA-1 * 1502-restricted potential epitopes from whole genomes of different PRRSV strains, and finally, verification of the immunogenicity of SLA-1 * 1502-restricted PRRSV epitope. However, there is limited clear and direct evidence of CTLs eliminating PRRSV infection, and more basic immune reagents, such as the tetramer of swine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I with PRRSV peptide epitope, are required to address these important issues (9) .


id: cord-003841-7uaj9hmx
author: Desmonts de Lamache, D.
date: 2019-08-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8002
sentence: 348
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-003841-7uaj9hmx.txt
txt: txt/cord-003841-7uaj9hmx.txt
title:
  Immuno-modulating properties of Tulathromycin in porcine monocyte-derived macrophages infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  Treatment with tulathromycin (1mg/mL) significantly reduced PRRSV cell necrosis at 12 hours (Fig 9) . However, due to its high antigenic variability and poorly understood immunopathogenesis, there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment to control PRRSV infection.


id: cord-270688-g703hhm4
author: Zhao, Ge
date: 2020-07-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1190
sentence: 38
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-270688-g703hhm4.txt
txt: txt/cord-270688-g703hhm4.txt
title:
  Identification of enterobacteria in viscera of pigs afflicted with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and other viral co-infections

summary:
  Enterobacteria were isolated using MacConkey agar from 5 visceral samples of PRRS pigs, and identified by 16S rDNA Approximately 13 types of bacteria were successfully isolated from lung, spleen, liver, kidney and lymph node samples of different PRRS pigs.


id: cord-325875-93krp81r
author: Henao-Diaz, Alexandra
title: Guidelines for oral fluid-based surveillance of viral pathogens in swine
date: 2020-10-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6153
sentence: 237
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-325875-93krp81r.txt
txt: txt/cord-325875-93krp81r.txt
summary:
  Oral fluid samples are readily collected from groups of pigs ≥21 days of age by providing access to a suspended length of cotton rope for~30 min Freezing oral fluid samples for subsequent PRRSV antibody testing is a safe option, i.e., antibody oral fluid is highly resistant to freeze-thaw degradation, as indicated by consistent PRRSV ELISA S/ P values in samples subjected to repeated freeze-thaw cycles (unpublished data).


id: cord-329625-hx2rsi91
author: You, Jae-Hwan
date: 2008-08-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5647
sentence: 157
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-329625-hx2rsi91.txt
txt: txt/cord-329625-hx2rsi91.txt
title:
  A model for the dynamic nuclear/nucleolar/cytoplasmic trafficking of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) nucleocapsid protein based on live cell imaging

summary:
  The localisation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein to the nucleolus of infected cells and identification of a potential nucleolar localization signal sequence Peptide domains involved in the localization of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein to the nucleolus Intracellular localization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein: absence of nucleolar accumulation during infection and after expression as a recombinant protein in Vero cells Disruption of the nucleolus mediates stabilization of p53 in response to DNA damage and other stresses Intranuclear ataxin1 inclusions contain both fast-and slow-exchanging components Potential subversion of autophagosomal pathway by picornaviruses Crossing the nuclear envelope: hierarchical regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Nuclear localization of non-structural protein 1 and nucleocapsid protein of equine arteritis virus Model of the trafficking of PRRSV N protein within the cell where the width of arrows denotes the relative movement of N protein and shading is relative concentration of the protein. This property is common with related viruses including the equine arterivirus (EAV) N protein (Tijms et al., 2002) and the coronavirus N proteins Wurm et al., 2001) with the possible exception of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) N protein (Li et al., 2005; Rowland et al., 2005; Timani et al., 2005; You et al., 2005; You et al., 2007) .


id: cord-012909-o6t2srim
author: Chaudhari, Jayeshbhai
date: 2020-07-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9329
sentence: 393
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-012909-o6t2srim.txt
txt: txt/cord-012909-o6t2srim.txt
title:
  Host Transcriptional Response to Persistent Infection with a Live-Attenuated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain

summary:
  A portion of freshly isolated PBMCs were used for measurement of T cell responses while the rest of PBMCs were cryopreserved for future analysis. Briefly two replicates of 250,000 PBMCs or ILN cells freshly collected from each pig were plated into two wells of a 96-well plate with PVDF membrane that were coated with anti-porcine IFN-γ antibody.


id: cord-003970-3e58229u
author: Paploski, Igor Adolfo Dexheimer
title: Temporal Dynamics of Co-circulating Lineages of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
date: 2019-11-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8414
sentence: 259
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-003970-3e58229u.txt
txt: txt/cord-003970-3e58229u.txt
summary:
  While the existence of PRRSV lineages is well established, the dynamics of their cocirculation within a given region has not been well documented. Reports that show the waxing and waning of different viral types in the whole North America (Shi et al., 2010b) are helpful when understanding continent-wide status of PRRSV lineages.


id: cord-257220-fe2sacjj
author: Butler, J. E.
title: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): an immune dysregulatory pandemic
date: 2014-07-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 19665
sentence: 857
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-257220-fe2sacjj.txt
txt: txt/cord-257220-fe2sacjj.txt
summary:
  Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): an overview Isolation of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332) in North America and experimental reproduction of the disease in gnotobiotic pigs Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus Identification of a novel nidovirus associated with a neurological disease of the Australian brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) CD8 high cell In vivo discovery of immunotherapy targets in the tumour microenvironment Identification of cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes on swine viruses: multi-epitope design for universal T cell vaccine Gamma delta lymphocyte response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Efficacy of a modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in pigs naturally exposed to heterologous European (Italian cluster) field strain: clinical protection and cell-mediated immunity Hematological and immunological parameters of 4 1/2-month old pigs infected with PRRS virus Effects of different us isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on blood and bone marrow parameters of experimentally infected pigs Experimental porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in one-, four-, and 10-week-old pigs Immunohistochemical identification of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antigen in the heart and lymphoid system of three-week-old colostrum-deprived pigs Comparison of the pathogenicity of two US porcine reproductive 138 and respiratory syndrome virus isolates with that of the Lelystad virus Attenuation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by molecular breeding of the virus envelope genes from genetically divergent strains Comparative pathogenicity of nine US porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates in a five-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pig model Temporal and morphologic characterization of the distribution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) by in situ hybridization in pigs infected with isolates of PRRSV that differ in virulence Lymphodepletion and homeostatic proliferation: implications for transplantation Autologous regulation of naive T cell homeostasis within the T cell compartment A causal link between lymphopenia and autoimmunity Characterization of a porcine CD1-specific mAb that distinguishes CD4/CD8 double-positive thymic from peripheral T lymphocytes Antigen presentation in the thymus for positive selection and central tolerance induction The piglet as a model for B cell and immune system Gnotobiotic pigs derivation and rearing Antibody repertoire development in fetal and neonatal piglets.


id: cord-332049-geh9aaf5
author: Wagner, Judith
date: 2010-01-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6437
sentence: 276
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-332049-geh9aaf5.txt
txt: txt/cord-332049-geh9aaf5.txt
title:
  Respiratory function and pulmonary lesions in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  # Indicates significant differences between PRRSV challenged pigs and controls (W-test, P 6 0.05). # Indicates significant differences between PRRSV challenged pigs and controls (Wtest, P 6 0.05).


id: cord-291192-wm2eyaam
author: Becares, Martina
title: Antigenic structures stably expressed by recombinant TGEV-derived vectors
date: 2014-08-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9561
sentence: 337
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-291192-wm2eyaam.txt
txt: txt/cord-291192-wm2eyaam.txt
summary:
  Altogether, these results indicated that expression of PRRSV M protein in rTGEV was fully stable. Expression of small domains of PRRSV GP5 protein using rTGEV PRRSV M protein is a potent inducer of T-cell proliferation in piglets infected with PRRSV, and may also play a role in protection (Bautista et al., 1999; Jeong et al., 2010) .


id: cord-302306-fudeixy2
author: Xu, Kui
date: 2020-09-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9099
sentence: 327
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-302306-fudeixy2.txt
txt: txt/cord-302306-fudeixy2.txt
title:
  CD163 and pAPN double-knockout pigs are resistant to PRRSV and TGEV and exhibit decreased susceptibility to PDCoV while maintaining normal production performance

summary:
  In addition, with the exception of meat color score and iron content, no differences in the production performance, reproductive performance, or pork nutrient content were observed between DKO pigs and WT pigs. We used flow cytometry and western blotting for CD163, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting for pAPN, and confirmed that expression of both proteins was undetectable in DKO pigs but detectable in WT pigs of the same age and breed ( Figure 1E -G).


id: cord-260840-tudl9k1g
author: Opriessnig, Tanja
date: 2012-07-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9521
sentence: 318
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-260840-tudl9k1g.txt
txt: txt/cord-260840-tudl9k1g.txt
title:
  Effect of porcine circovirus type 2a or 2b on infection kinetics and pathogenicity of two genetically divergent strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the conventional pig model

summary:
  The prevalence of PRRSV RNA positive pigs and group mean genomic copy numbers/ml are summarized in Table 6 . Grey shaded areas indicate the presence of PCV2 seropositive pigs (S/P ratio > 0.2) within a treatment group.


id: cord-342276-zrsnahi7
author: Sun, Ying
date: 2011-12-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3902
sentence: 151
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-342276-zrsnahi7.txt
txt: txt/cord-342276-zrsnahi7.txt
title:
  Cellular membrane cholesterol is required for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus entry and release in MARC-145 cells

summary:
  The present study showed that the inhibition of PRRSV infection in vitro occurred as host cell membrane cholesterol decreased due to MβCD treatment. Being an essential component of cell membrane, cholesterol could potentially inhibit virus entry by several different mechanisms.


id: cord-261160-g92zhv19
author: Rowland, Raymond R.R
date: 2003-10-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6389
sentence: 255
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-261160-g92zhv19.txt
txt: txt/cord-261160-g92zhv19.txt
title:
  Lymphoid tissue tropism of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication during persistent infection of pigs originally exposed to virus in utero

summary:
  A unique aspect of this study was the thorough analysis of virus replication in pig tissues during asymptomatic infection (Roman numeral III, Fig. 2 ). key: cord-261160-g92zhv19 authors: Rowland, Raymond R.R; Lawson, Steven; Rossow, Kurt; Benfield, David A title: Lymphoid tissue tropism of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication during persistent infection of pigs originally exposed to virus in utero date: 2003-10-30 journal: Vet Microbiol DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.07.006 sha: doc_id: 261160 cord_uid: g92zhv19 The ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to establish a persistent infection is the principal contributing factor to the world-wide spread of the disease.


id: cord-283689-dzin12qb
author: Zhang, Wei
title: Involvement of PRRSV NSP3 and NSP5 in the autophagy process
date: 2019-01-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5154
sentence: 253
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-283689-dzin12qb.txt
txt: txt/cord-283689-dzin12qb.txt
summary:
  We identified some of the effects of these two transmembrane proteins on cell autophagy to determine whether the NSPs affected cytoplasmic membrane fusion. Although NSP3 and NSP5 are ER transmembrane proteins, these proteins did not activate the ER stress signaling pathways.


id: cord-010094-t0y3t9v3
author: Tong, Ting
title: Glycyrrhizic‐Acid‐Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms
date: 2020-02-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6501
sentence: 266
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-010094-t0y3t9v3.txt
txt: txt/cord-010094-t0y3t9v3.txt
summary:
  Small DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906206 sha: doc_id: 10094 cord_uid: t0y3t9v3 With the gradual usage of carbon dots (CDs) in the area of antiviral research, attempts have been stepped up to develop new antiviral CDs with high biocompatibility and antiviral effects. [32] PRRS virus (PRRSV), an enveloped single positive-strand RNA virus, is the With the gradual usage of carbon dots (CDs) in the area of antiviral research, attempts have been stepped up to develop new antiviral CDs with high biocompatibility and antiviral effects.


id: cord-272729-nbgdmavr
author: Kim, Youngnam
title: Ribavirin efficiently suppresses porcine nidovirus replication
date: 2012-10-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6673
sentence: 226
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-272729-nbgdmavr.txt
txt: txt/cord-272729-nbgdmavr.txt
summary:
  Our results demonstrated that ribavirin treatment dose-dependently inhibited the replication of both nidoviruses. N protein staining revealed that the number of cells expressing viral antigen, as quantified by N protein staining results, was also reduced during ribavirin treatment, resulting in a maximum of ∼80% inhibition in response to 50 M and 200 M for PRRSV and PEDV, respectively ( Fig.


id: cord-330035-0d6w8xyd
author: Jeon, Ji Hyun
title: Cellular cholesterol is required for porcine nidovirus infection
date: 2017-09-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7687
sentence: 274
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-330035-0d6w8xyd.txt
txt: txt/cord-330035-0d6w8xyd.txt
summary:
  Taken together, our data indicate that cell membrane cholesterol is required for porcine nidovirus entry into cells, and pharmacological drugs that hamper cholesterol-dependent virus entry may have antiviral potential against porcine nidoviruses. Likewise, the present study indicated that pharmacological depletion of cellular cholesterol had no effect on the levels of pCD163 and pAPN expression in porcine cells.


id: cord-009443-0vis4bwi
author: Cui, Junru
date: 2020-02-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6338
sentence: 228
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-009443-0vis4bwi.txt
txt: txt/cord-009443-0vis4bwi.txt
title:
  Broad Protection of Pigs against Heterologous PRRSV Strains by a GP5-Mosaic DNA Vaccine Prime/GP5-Mosaic rVaccinia (VACV) Vaccine Boost

summary:
  Veter Rec Comparison of the efficacy of autogenous inactivated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) vaccines with that of commercial vaccines against homologous and heterologous challenges Gucht SVan Pensaert, M. Impact of genetic diversity of European-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains on vaccine efficacy Efficacy of Vaccination with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Following Challenges with Field Isolates in Japan Vaccination of sows against type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) before artificial insemination protects against type 2 PRRSV challenge but does not protect against type 1 PRRSV challenge in late gestation Comparison of Two Commercial Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Modified Live Vaccines against Heterologous Type 1 and Type 2 PRRSV Challenge in Growing Pigs Efficacy of an attenuated European subtype 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in pigs upon challenge with the East European subtype 3 PRRSV strain Lena Appearance of acute PRRS-like symptoms in sow herds after vaccination with a modified live PRRS vaccine Sequence analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus of the American type collected from Danish swine herds Reversion of a live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine investigated by parallel mutations Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus comparison: Divergent evolution on two continents Genetic analysis of ORF5 of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) in viremic sera collected from MLV-vaccinating or non-vaccinating farms Phylogeny-Based Evolutionary, Demographical, and Geographical Dissection of North American Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses Quasispecies variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus during natural infection DNA vaccines co-expressing GP5 and M proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) display enhanced immunogenicity A Synthetic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain Confers Unprecedented Levels of Heterologous Protection DNA shuffling of the GP3 genes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) produces a chimeric virus with an improved cross-neutralizing ability against a heterologous PRRSV strain A GP5 Mosaic T-cell vaccine for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is immunogenic and confers partial protection to pigs A PRRSV GP5-Mosaic vaccine: Protection of pigs from challenge and ex vivo detection of IFNγ responses against several genotype 2 strains Comparative safety and efficacy of attenuated single-strain and multi-strain vaccines for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome A DNA Prime Immuno-Potentiates a Modified Live Vaccine against the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus but Does Not Improve Heterologous Protection Polyvalent vaccines for optimal coverage of potential T-cell epitopes in global HIV-1 variants Web-based design and evaluation of T-cell vaccine candidates Expanded breadth of the T-cell response to mosaic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope DNA vaccination Mosaic HIV-1 vaccines expand the breadth and depth of cellular immune responses in rhesus monkeys Mosaic vaccines elicit CD8+ T lymphocyte responses that confer enhanced immune coverage of diverse HIV strains in monkeys Evaluation of a mosaic HIV-1 vaccine in a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a clinical trial (APPROACH) and in rhesus monkeys (NHP 13-19) Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints Compact, synthetic, vaccinia virus early/late promoter for protein expression Antibiotic-dependent expression of early transcription factor subunits leads to stringent control of vaccinia virus replication Preparation of Cell Cultures and Vaccinia Virus Stocks Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−∆∆CT Method Comparative pathogenicity of nine US porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates in a five-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pig model Attenuation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by molecular breeding of virus envelope genes from genetically divergent strains Broadening the heterologous cross-neutralizing antibody inducing ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by breeding the GP4 or M genes Chimeric porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus containing shuffled multiple envelope genes confers cross-protection in pigs Cross-protective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by intranasal delivery of a live virus vaccine with a potent adjuvant A vaccinia virus renaissance. VACV provides a very good platform for the development and testing of vaccines, including animal vaccines, human vaccines and cancer immunotherapy


id: cord-003962-lg6gvgwt
author: Zhou, Shaochuan
date: 2019-09-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 10747
sentence: 412
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cord-003962-lg6gvgwt.txt
txt: txt/cord-003962-lg6gvgwt.txt
title:
  Characterizing the PRRSV nsp2 Deubiquitinase Reveals Dispensability of Cis-Activity for Replication and a Link of nsp2 to Inflammation Induction

summary:
  The subsequent mutagenesis analyses revealed that the requirement for PLP2 DUB activity surprisingly resembled that for cis-cleavage activity, as several mutations (e.g., D91R, D85R, etc.) that largely ablated the DUB function also blocked the cis- but not trans-proteolytic cleavage of nsp2/3 polyprotein. The data also establish a strong link of nsp2 to pro-inflammatory cytokine induction during infection that operates in a manner independent of PLP2 DUB activity.


id: cord-284076-087oltss
author: Patel, Deendayal
date: 2007-10-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7779
sentence: 317
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-284076-087oltss.txt
txt: txt/cord-284076-087oltss.txt
title:
  Peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers inhibit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication

summary:
  PPMO sequences and target site locations in the PRRSV genome are specified in Table 1 and depicted schematically in Fig. Pairs of DNA oligonucleotides corresponding to PPMO target sequence in PRRSV were duplexed and subcloned upstream of luciferase coding sequence in a T7 promoter-containing reporter plasmid, pCiNeoLuc, as described previously (Zhang et al., 2006) .


id: cord-288669-46tkedw7
author: Lee, Changhee
date: 2006-11-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9372
sentence: 332
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-288669-46tkedw7.txt
txt: txt/cord-288669-46tkedw7.txt
title:
  The small envelope protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus possesses ion channel protein-like properties

summary:
  The results demonstrate that E protein expression is required for PRRSV infectivity, but genome replication and transcription may occur without E protein. As a first step towards understanding the biological role of E protein during PRRSV replication, E gene expression was blocked in a full-length infectious clone by mutating the ATG translational initiation to GTG, such that the full-length mutant genomic clone was unable to synthesize the E protein.


id: cord-255828-jrqdyfbg
author: Du, Yijun
date: 2012-03-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9060
sentence: 274
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-255828-jrqdyfbg.txt
txt: txt/cord-255828-jrqdyfbg.txt
title:
  Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane association of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP4 glycoprotein and its co-localization with CD163 in lipid rafts

summary:
  Microbiol Murine coronavirus requires lipid rafts for virus entry and cell-cell fusion but not for virus release TopPred II: an improved software for membrane protein structure predictions Gill-associated virus of Penaeus monodon prawns: an invertebrate virus with ORF1a and ORF1b genes related to arteri-and coronaviruses Glycolipid anchoring of plasma membrane proteins The minor envelope glycoproteins GP2a and GP4 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus interact with the receptor CD163 Human immunodeficiency virus infection is efficiently mediated by a glycolipidanchored form of CD4 Myristoylation of the small envelope protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is non-essential for virus infectivity but promotes its growth Anchoring mechanisms for LFA-3 cell adhesion glycoproteinat membrane surface Sequence properties of GPI-anchored proteins near the omega-site: constraints for the polypeptide binding site of the putative transamidase Lipid-mediated endocytosis Disulfide bonds between two envelope proteins of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus are essential for viral infectivity Identification of GPI anchor attachment signals by a Kohonen self-organizing map Discovery of a small arterivirus gene that overlaps the GP5 coding sequence and is important for virus production Mutational analysis of the C-terminal signal peptide of bovine liver 5′-nucleotidase for GPI anchoring: a study on the significance of the hydrophilic spacer region Phosphatidylinositol glycan (PI-G) anchored membrane proteins. cell membrane implicates an important role of the complex for PRRSV entry and infection.


id: cord-350626-ov9fy10b
author: Nazki, Salik
date: 2020-05-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9925
sentence: 325
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-350626-ov9fy10b.txt
txt: txt/cord-350626-ov9fy10b.txt
title:
  Evaluation of local and systemic immune responses in pigs experimentally challenged with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

summary:
  T cells, in turn, play a critical role in the development of anti-PRRSV immunity due to their cytotoxic effector functions in clearing infected cells from the body and developing and regulating antigen-specific immune responses [12] . Delayed induction of Th1, Th17 and CTL responses was observed in the PBMC of the infected pigs after 21 dpc, when most of the virus had been cleared from the blood, whereas in BLN, the virus persists for a longer period, which leads to early and sustained (> 35 dpc) induction of T cell responses.


