item: #1 of 107 id: cord-002895-z82e7z2v author: Schilling, Megan A. title: Transcriptional Innate Immune Response of the Developing Chicken Embryo to Newcastle Disease Virus Infection date: 2018-02-27 words: 6010 flesch: 33 summary: After determining a suitable time point to study chicken embryo immune gene expression, the analysis was broadened to include the Kuroiler and local ecotypes in Tanzania. African Chicken Genetic Gains Fact Sheet 2 Complete genome and clinicopathological characterization of a virulent Newcastle disease virus isolate from South America The regulation role of interferon regulatory factor-1 gene and clinical relevance Genetic variation within the Mx gene of commercially selected chicken lines reveals multiple haplotypes, recombination, and a protein under selective pressure In ovo vaccination of specific-pathogen-free chickens with vaccines containing multiple agents Marek's disease virus-induced immunosuppression: array analysis of chicken immune response gene expression profiling Do Two Distinct Chicken Lines Differ in Their Response to Newcastle Disease Virus? keywords: analysis; chicken; disease; embryo; expression; genes; immune; infection; ndv; response; virus cache: cord-002895-z82e7z2v.txt plain text: cord-002895-z82e7z2v.txt item: #2 of 107 id: cord-003444-dmpoy0b1 author: Rowe, John C. title: A Novel Supplementation Approach to Enhance Host Response to Sublingual Vaccination date: 2019-01-24 words: 4348 flesch: 35 summary: Interestingly, the lack of IgA response correlated with the recruitment of neutrophils after sublingual administration of EdTx, and partial depletion of neutrophils before sublingual immunization restored the adjuvant activity of EdTx for IgA responses 6 of myeloid cells in the bloodstream and characterize the initial response to inflammatory events through their own degranulation and cytokine production 12 . key: cord-003444-dmpoy0b1 authors: Rowe, John C.; Attia, Zayed; Kim, Eunsoo; Cormet-Boyaka, Estelle; Boyaka, Prosper N. title: A Novel Supplementation Approach to Enhance Host Response to Sublingual Vaccination date: 2019-01-24 journal: Sci Rep DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36370-8 sha: doc_id: 3444 cord_uid: dmpoy0b1 Sublingual immunization is emerging as an alternative to nasal immunization and induction of mucosal IgA responses. keywords: adjuvant; antigen; cells; edtx; fig; iga; mucosal; nei; responses; sublingual cache: cord-003444-dmpoy0b1.txt plain text: cord-003444-dmpoy0b1.txt item: #3 of 107 id: cord-003898-y6zpvw84 author: Tan, Kai Sen title: RNA Sequencing of H3N2 Influenza Virus-Infected Human Nasal Epithelial Cells from Multiple Subjects Reveals Molecular Pathways Associated with Tissue Injury and Complications date: 2019-08-27 words: 7697 flesch: 39 summary: Hence, production of factors such as STAT1 [28] by the hNECs is also crucial in ensuring appropriate regulation of IFNγ-mediated expression of influenza response genes to modulate inflammation and to minimize damage. At later time points, the number of gene expression changes increased substantially, with upregulation of 704 and 1080 genes, and downregulation of 217 and 758 genes at 24 and 48 hpi, respectively. keywords: analysis; cells; changes; epithelium; expression; genes; hnecs; hpi; infection; influenza; nasal; responses; rnaseq; time; virus cache: cord-003898-y6zpvw84.txt plain text: cord-003898-y6zpvw84.txt item: #4 of 107 id: cord-004518-jd1wxobz author: Běláková, Jana title: DNA vaccines: are they still just a powerful tool for the future? date: 2007-12-03 words: 8119 flesch: 34 summary: Efficacious expression of protein from DNA vaccines is dependent on the presence of DNA vaccine in the nucleus. In contrast to plasmid DNA vaccines, virally vectored genetic vaccines induce a specific immune response not only against the expressed transgene, but also against the viral capsid and/or envelope and this response is often effective even after the first immunization. keywords: antigen; cells; delivery; dna; expression; gene; immunization; injection; mhc; mice; plasmid; protein; response; vaccination; vaccines; vectors; virus cache: cord-004518-jd1wxobz.txt plain text: cord-004518-jd1wxobz.txt item: #5 of 107 id: cord-005607-b1a39hhw author: Bellingan, G title: Leukocytes: friend or foe date: 2000 words: 3830 flesch: 35 summary: As most infections occur primarily in the tissue and not in the blood stream, extravasation of leukocytes is essential in bring inflammatory cells and foreign pathogens into contact. In an intricate pathway LPS has been shown to complex with circulating lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) which binds to the CD14 receptor leading to inflammatory cell activation [52] . keywords: activation; cells; infection; inflammation; leukocytes; lps; pathogens; response cache: cord-005607-b1a39hhw.txt plain text: cord-005607-b1a39hhw.txt item: #6 of 107 id: cord-007375-hqmyund4 author: Tang, Yi-Wei title: Host Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Altered Responses to Inactivated Influenza Vaccine date: 2007-10-01 words: 2620 flesch: 36 summary: When poor and normal responses were combined, the -1082 A allele in the IL-10 promoter conferred a significantly decreased risk of the development of adverse responses (P = .041). In comparison to the poor/normal response group, the GrA polymorphism in the IL-10 promoter Ϫ1082 allele indicated a significantly decreased risk for the development of adverse responses (OR, 0.558 keywords: allele; gene; il-10; influenza; promoter; responses; vaccine cache: cord-007375-hqmyund4.txt plain text: cord-007375-hqmyund4.txt item: #7 of 107 id: cord-009836-7o6htufh author: Borrow, Persephone title: Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte escape viral variants: how important are they in viral evasion of immune clearance in vivo? date: 2006-04-28 words: 10062 flesch: 19 summary: Amino acid mutations in flanking sequences may thus affect the recognition of viral CTL epitopes, as was originally demonstrated in experiments using cytomegalovirus and influenza virus-specific CTL (13, 14), The precise mechanism by which antigen processing was affected was not defmed in these studies or a subsequent paper describing mutations in the Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) which also affected presentation of a nearby CTL epitope (15), However, in a more recent report, alteration of proteasome-mediated degradation due to a single amino acid difference within a CTL epitope was shown to form the basis of lack of presentation of this epitope by infected cells (16). Firstly, as a mutation will only be selected for if it confers a fitness advantage on the virus hearing it, CTL escape virus variants will only grow out in infections where CTL pressure exerts significant control over virus replication. keywords: cells; ctl; ctl escape; ctl response; cytotoxic; epitope; escape; hla; host; infection; mutations; replication; response; specific; variants; virus cache: cord-009836-7o6htufh.txt plain text: cord-009836-7o6htufh.txt item: #8 of 107 id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: None title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 words: 162543 flesch: 45 summary: Ever since we know the role of endotoxins in the pathophysiology of sepsis, antibodies against the S-and R-LPS have also been detected in sepsis patients. In sepsis patients, the CD]4+/CD16+ cells can become a major population with more than 50% of all monocytes in 3 of 18 patients and with more than 500 cells/mm 3 in 4 of 18 cases. keywords: acid; activation; activity; acute; addition; adhesion; administration; aim; analysis; animals; anti; antibodies; antibody; ards; arterial; bacteria; binding; blood; blood cells; blood levels; blood samples; body; burn; capacity; cardiac; cause; cd14; cells; cellular; challenge; changes; circulating; clinical; clp; complement; complications; concentrations; conclusion; conditions; contrast; control; control group; control patients; correlation; course; csf; cultured; cytokine levels; cytokine production; cytokines; damage; data; days; death; decrease; development; differences; disease; dose; dysfunction; effect; elevated; elisa; endothelial; endotoxin; endotoxin levels; evidence; experimental; expression; factor; failure; flow; following; formation; function; gene; gram; group; growth; gut; hepatic; high; host; hours; hrs; human; il-1; il-6; il-6 levels; il-8; ill; immune; increased; induction; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; infusion; inhibitor; injury; ischemia; leukocytes; levels; lipid; liver; lps; lung; lymphocytes; macrophages; mean; mechanisms; mediators; membrane; methods; mice; model; mof; molecules; monoclonal; monocytes; mortality; multiple; necrosis; negative; neutrophils; new; non; normal; number; operation; organ; organ failure; organ injury; outcome; oxygen; p<0.05; parameters; patients; period; peritoneal; phase; placebo; plasma; plasma levels; plasma tnf; play; pmn; positive; post; postoperative; potential; presence; present; pressure; process; production; protein; pulmonary; rate; rats; receptor; reduced; related; release; reperfusion; response; results; risk; role; saline; samples; score; sepsis; sepsis patients; septic; serum; serum levels; severity; sham; shock; sirs; soluble; specific; state; stimulation; studies; study; surface; surgery; survival; syndrome; synthesis; system; systemic; t cells; test; therapeutic; therapy; time; tissue; tnf; tnf levels; tnf production; tnf release; total; trauma patients; treated; treatment; tumor; type; use; values; vascular; vitro; vivo; wound cache: cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt plain text: cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt item: #9 of 107 id: cord-015147-h0o0yqv8 author: None title: Oral Communications and Posters date: 2014-09-12 words: 73903 flesch: 39 summary: After 3 months of exposures, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased in both the HCR-and LCR-smokeexposed(SE) animals compared to air-exposed controls (p<0.001); however there was a 2-3-fold increase in the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the LCR-over the HCR-SE group (p<0.001).Histopathology revealed there was greater inflammation and lung damage present in the LCR-versus HCR-SE group (p<0.05). This causes the symptoms of the early phase of AI and the onset of the late phase characterized by the penetration in the inflamed tissue of inflammatory cells, notably the eosinophils. keywords: activation; activity; acute; addition; adhesion; administration; aim; alpha; analysis; animals; anti; antibodies; antibody; arthritis; associated; beta; binding; blood; bone; cancer; cartilage; cells; chronic; complex; conditions; control; cox-2; cytokines; data; day; days; development; disease; dose; effect; expression; factor; function; gene; group; hours; human; il-1b; il-6; immune; increase; induction; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibited; inhibition; inhibitors; injection; injury; joint; kinase; leukocyte; levels; lps; lung; macrophages; mechanisms; mediators; methods; mice; mif; model; molecular; molecules; monocytes; mouse; mrna; neutrophils; new; novel; number; p38; pathways; patients; pcr; plasma; potential; presence; present; production; protein; rats; receptor; reduced; regulation; release; research; response; results; rheumatoid; role; selective; serum; signaling; skin; specific; stimulation; studies; study; synthesis; system; t cells; therapeutic; time; tissue; tnf; tnfa; treatment; tumor; type; university; vitro; vivo cache: cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt plain text: cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt item: #10 of 107 id: cord-015910-d9gxew91 author: Grimble, Robert F. title: The Interaction Between Nutrition and Inflammatory Stress Throughout the Life Cycle date: 2005 words: 15218 flesch: 33 summary: The effect of aging on glucocorticoid sensitivity of pro-inflammatory cytokine production was examined in elderly men, testosterone-treated elderly men, and young controls. There is now a large body of evidence suggesting that the decline in ovarian function with menopause is associated with spontaneous increases in pro-inflammatory cytokine production. keywords: body; cell; concentrations; cytokine; diabetes; disease; effect; et al; factor; gene; gsh; human; il-6; inflammation; influence; insulin; men; necrosis; patients; plasma; production; protein; response; stress; studies; study; subjects; tnf cache: cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt plain text: cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt item: #11 of 107 id: cord-016713-pw4f8asc author: Goyal, Amit K. title: Nanotechnological Approaches for Genetic Immunization date: 2013-05-24 words: 16058 flesch: 23 summary: Similarly, copolymers of a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) block and a cationic poly(aminoethyl methacrylate) (PAEM) block have been used for DNA vaccine delivery. However, there are several associated concerns for the use of polymers as vaccines delivery systems such as toxicity, irritancy, allergenicity, and biodegradability. keywords: acid; adjuvant; antibody; antigen; cationic; cells; chitosan; delivery; dna; et al; expression; gene; hepatitis; human; immune; immunity; immunization; lipid; liposomes; mucosal; nanoparticles; oral; plasmid; polymers; potential; properties; protein; responses; surface; systems; targeting; transfection; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-016713-pw4f8asc.txt plain text: cord-016713-pw4f8asc.txt item: #12 of 107 id: cord-017817-ztp7w9yh author: Land, Walter Gottlieb title: Cell-Autonomous (Cell-Intrinsic) Stress Responses date: 2018-03-28 words: 17769 flesch: 34 summary: A typical example is represented by oxidative stress and ER stress responses, which appear to act mutually in any form of cellular damage. ATF activating transcription factor, CHOP cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine thymidine-enhancer-binding homologous protein, eIF2α eukaryotic translational initiation factor 2α, ER endoplasmic reticulum, IRE1α inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α, PERK protein kinase-like eukaryotic initiation factor 2α kinase, UPR unfolded protein response, XBP1 X-box binding protein 1. XBP1s, X-box binding protein 1 whereby the s stands for the spliced form of XBP1. keywords: autophagy; cell; complex; damage; damps; degradation; dna; example; heat; immune; innate; keap1; mechanisms; membrane; nrf2; oxidative; pathway; process; protein; regulation; response; role; ros; signalling; stress; stress response; transcription; upr cache: cord-017817-ztp7w9yh.txt plain text: cord-017817-ztp7w9yh.txt item: #13 of 107 id: cord-017838-fbotc479 author: Fagone, Paolo title: Electroporation-Mediated DNA Vaccination date: 2010-12-15 words: 5293 flesch: 18 summary: The failed HIV Merck vaccine study: a step back or a launching point for future vaccine development? DNA vaccination: antigen presentation and the induction of immunity Heterologous protection against influenza by injection of DNA encoding a viral protein Genetic immunization is a simple method for eliciting an immune response Vaccination with hemagglutinin or neuraminidase DNA protects BALB/c mice against influenza virus infection in presence of maternal antibody In vivo expression of rat insulin after intravenous administration of the liposome-entrapped gene for rat insulin I Increased expression of DNA cointroduced with nuclear protein in adult rat liver Liposome mediated gene transfer Direct introduction of genes into rats and expression of the genes Receptor-mediated gene delivery and expression in vivo Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccine development: recent advances in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte platform spotty business The mechanism of naked DNA uptake and expression Multiple effects of codon usage optimization on expression and immunogenicity of DNA candidate vaccines encoding the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag protein Inactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 inhibitory elements allows Rev-independent expression of Gag and Gag/protease and particle formation Induction of potent Th1-type immune responses from a novel DNA vaccine for West Nile virus New York isolate (WNV-NY1999) Antigenicity and immunogenicity of a synthetic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group m consensus envelope glycoprotein Gene therapy progress and prospects: electroporation and other physical methods Electric pulses applied prior to intramuscular DNA vaccination greatly improve the vaccine immunogenicity Increased gene expression and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by electroporation are both important for improving the efficacy of DNA vaccines Recruitment of antigen-presenting cells to the site of inoculation and augmentation of HIV-1 DNA vaccine immunogenicity by in vivo electroporation Electroporation for drug and gene delivery in the clinic: doctors go electric Direct gene transfer into mouse muscle in vivo In vivo gene electroinjection and expression in rat liver Gene transfer into mouse lyoma cells by electroporation in high electric fields High-level protein secretion into blood circulation after electric pulse-mediated gene transfer into skeletal muscle Increased DNA vaccine delivery and immunogenicity by electroporation in vivo Electroporation improves the efficacy of DNA vaccines in large animals Anti-HBV immune responses in rhesus macaques elicited by electroporation mediated DNA vaccination A single DNA immunization in combination with electroporation prolongs the primary immune response and maintains immune memory for six months Enhancement of the effectiveness of electroporation-augmented cutaneous DNA vaccination by a particulate adjuvant Modulation of the immune response induced by gene electrotransfer of a hepatitis C virus DNA vaccine in nonhuman primates High expression of naked plasmid DNA in muscles of young rodents Predominant role for directly transfected dendritic cells in antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells after gene gun immunization Intradermal gene immunization: the possible role of DNA uptake in the induction of cellular immunity to viruses Cutaneous transfection and immune responses to intradermal nucleic acid vaccination are significantly enhanced by in vivo electropermeabilization Combined effects of IL-12 and electroporation enhances the potency of DNA vaccination in macaques Early events of electroporation-mediated intramuscular DNA vaccination potentiate Th1-directed immune responses Inflammatory responses following direct injection of plasmid DNA into skeletal muscle DNA immunization with HIV-1 tat mutated in the trans activation domain induces humoral and cellular immune responses against wild-type Tat Specific immune induction following DNA-based immunization through in vivo transfection and activation of macrophages/antigen-presenting cells Facilitated DNA inoculation induces anti-HIV-1 immunity in vivo In vivo electroporation enhances the immunogenicity of hepatitis C virus nonstructural 3/4A DNA by increased local DNA uptake, protein expression, inflammation, and infiltration of CD3+ T cells Translating innate immunity into immunological memory: implications for vaccine development Signaling to NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptors The vaccine adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A as a TRIF-biased agonist of TLR4 Adjuvant-enhanced antibody responses in the absence of toll-like receptor signaling TLR9â��/â�� and TLR9+/+ mice display similar immune responses to a DNA vaccine Vaccination with plasmid DNA activates dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) but functions in TLR9-deficient mice A Toll-like receptor-independent antiviral response induced by double-stranded B-form DNA Recognition of cytosolic DNA activates an IRF3-dependent innate immune response TANK-binding kinase-1 delineates innate and adaptive immune responses to DNA vaccines Recombinant canarypoxvirus vaccine carrying the prM/E genes of West Nile virus protects horses against a West Nile virus-mosquito challenge Efficacy of an infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus DNA vaccine in Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye O. nerka salmon Clinical Evaluation of Pain and Muscle Damage Induced by Electroporation of Skeletal Muscle in Humans Abstracts from the American Society of Gene Therapy 7th Furthermore, DNA vaccines could potentially induce immunity in newborns in situations that usually neutralize conventional vaccines via the presence of high levels of maternal antibodies [5] . keywords: cells; dna; electroporation; expression; gene; immunogenicity; mice; muscle; responses; vaccination; vaccine; virus; vivo cache: cord-017838-fbotc479.txt plain text: cord-017838-fbotc479.txt item: #14 of 107 id: cord-018254-v8syiwie author: Rotz, Lisa D. title: Case Study – United States of America date: 2012-08-31 words: 5141 flesch: 20 summary: Speci fi cally, efforts that focused on improving: (1) laboratory diagnostic capacity, (2) surveillance data sources, analysis, and reporting, (3) risk communication (4) emergency response planning and training, and (5) overall response coordination have proven extremely bene fi cial for supporting public health responses to all types of health threats. Multiple initiatives have been supported to further strengthen public health disease surveillance and reporting that include an emphasis on traditional disease reporting as well as the utilization of non-traditional data that may provide an earlier indication of community health events or more likely assist with situational awareness assessments during an identi fi ed event [ 8 ] . keywords: agents; bioterrorism; disease; emergency; event; health; national; preparedness; public; response; state; surveillance cache: cord-018254-v8syiwie.txt plain text: cord-018254-v8syiwie.txt item: #15 of 107 id: cord-018265-twp33bb6 author: Becker, Pablo D. title: Community-acquired pneumonia: paving the way towards new vaccination concepts date: 2007 words: 14131 flesch: 32 summary: Furthermore, DNA coding for vaccine antigens appears to induce excellent immunological memory, which can be reawakened by later immunization or exposure to the pathogen. An epidermal DNA-based influenza vaccine, which contained the HA gene from A/Panama/2007/99 delivered by particle-mediated epidermal delivery was also tested in humans by PowderJect keywords: antibodies; antigens; cell; children; delivery; development; disease; dna; efficacy; immunity; immunization; infection; influenza; mucosal; pneumococcal; pneumoniae; protection; protein; recombinant; responses; rsv; sars; studies; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-018265-twp33bb6.txt plain text: cord-018265-twp33bb6.txt item: #16 of 107 id: cord-018475-h8qwxdtn author: Speckhard, Anne title: Prevention Strategies and Promoting Psychological Resilience to Bioterrorism Through Communication date: 2007 words: 10541 flesch: 38 summary: As many terrorist attacks have been aimed at and timed with elections it is wise for governments to plan ahead how to respond when a candidate is killed, when a terror attack occurs during an election and so forth, so that the processes of democracy do not become derailed. Attachment, trauma and grief responses in women following abortion Complicated mourning: dynamics of impacted post abortion grief Research note: observations of suicidal terrorists in action Posttraumatic and acute stress responses in hostages held by suicidal terrorists in the takeover of a Moscow theater Stockholm effects and psychological responses to captivity in hostages held by suicidal terrorists Report on the NATO Russia advisory panel on mitigating the social and psychological consequences of chemical, biological and radiological terrorism. keywords: attack; bioterrorism; event; exposure; fear; government; health; individuals; information; mass; media; public; responses; speckhard; states; symptoms; terrorism; time cache: cord-018475-h8qwxdtn.txt plain text: cord-018475-h8qwxdtn.txt item: #17 of 107 id: cord-018839-yfaji9cv author: Kim, Yong-kyun title: Disaster Theory date: 2017-07-11 words: 17979 flesch: 33 summary: In late 1970, more than 100 federal organizations related to civil engineering and defense had fragmented responsibilities for hazard mitigation and disaster response, resulting in no coordinating organization taking the full responsibility for the entire phase of disaster management. The plan incorporates all aspects of disaster management in any given area, and it guides the roles and responsibilities of all related agencies for disaster response, depending on the size and complexity of a disaster. keywords: accident; act; agencies; agency; crisis; damage; disaster; disaster management; disaster prevention; disaster response; disaster risk; emergency; emergency management; federal; fire; government; korea; level; management system; national; organizations; plan; public; risk; risk management; safety; state; support; system; theory cache: cord-018839-yfaji9cv.txt plain text: cord-018839-yfaji9cv.txt item: #18 of 107 id: cord-018937-5yo4rfml author: Bortolin, Michelangelo title: Disaster Medicine date: 2015-04-18 words: 3722 flesch: 46 summary: Introduction to the Incident Command System (ICS 100) Student Manual Mostly dead: can science help with disaster triage? Triage Unit for Emergency Preparedness, Committee for Disaster Medicine Studies. Devastating events such as natural disasters like the typhoon in the Philippines (2013) and the earthquake in Haiti (2010), intentional events like the terrorist attack in New York (2001) , and the sarin attack in Tokyo's subways (1995) demonstrate that disasters are both unpredictable and ubiquitous. keywords: casualties; command; disaster; event; ics; incident; response; scene cache: cord-018937-5yo4rfml.txt plain text: cord-018937-5yo4rfml.txt item: #19 of 107 id: cord-021175-0ikkl3hk author: Wilson, Christopher title: The new informatics of pandemic response: humanitarian technology, efficiency, and the subtle retreat of national agency date: 2018-05-30 words: 9223 flesch: 17 summary: This analysis has reviewed the ways in which digital technologies have been deployed in humanitarian pandemic response, and proposed a three-part conceptual model for assessing these informatics according to the objectives that are pursued. The way in which objectives are articulated and claimed has consequences for how responsibilities are allocated and priorities made in humanitarian response (Burns 2015; McDonald 2016) . keywords: actors; authorities; communication; coordination; data; digital; ebola; et al; health; humanitarian; information; media; national; novel; pandemic; response cache: cord-021175-0ikkl3hk.txt plain text: cord-021175-0ikkl3hk.txt item: #20 of 107 id: cord-021424-kocwsyi7 author: Shannon, M. Frances title: Genomic Approaches to the Host Response to Pathogens date: 2009-01-30 words: 7280 flesch: 31 summary: Gene Map Annotator and Pathway Profi ler is a computer application designed to visualize gene expression data on maps representing biological pathways and groupings of genes. Widespread changes in gene expression are detected following TLR activation and the activated cells produce a plethora of cytokines and chemokines that then activate the adaptive arm of the immune system. keywords: cells; disease; et al; expression; gene; host; immune; infection; pathogens; profi; response; specifi; studies; susceptibility cache: cord-021424-kocwsyi7.txt plain text: cord-021424-kocwsyi7.txt item: #21 of 107 id: cord-021966-5m21bsrw author: Shaw, Alan R. title: Vaccines date: 2009-05-15 words: 21179 flesch: 27 summary: 67 n NeW ANTIGeN dISCOVeRy MeThOdS n Historically, vaccine antigens were not discovered in the literal sense. The history of vaccine development is rich with immunologic insights that emerged from careful observations of how diseases spread in populations and how such spread differs in disease-naïve and experienced populations, as well as of how innovative experimental approaches revealed fundamental aspects of immune system function. keywords: adjuvant; antibody; antigens; cell; development; disease; dna; efforts; gene; hiv; host; human; immunity; immunization; individuals; infection; live; number; pathogen; protection; protein; responses; rotavirus; safety; studies; use; vaccination; vaccine; vaccine development; vectors; virus cache: cord-021966-5m21bsrw.txt plain text: cord-021966-5m21bsrw.txt item: #22 of 107 id: cord-021980-ddau5fu3 author: Ciottone, Gregory R. title: Introduction to Disaster Medicine date: 2015-10-23 words: 3299 flesch: 49 summary: key: cord-021980-ddau5fu3 authors: Ciottone, Gregory R. title: Introduction to Disaster Medicine date: 2015-10-23 journal: Ciottone's Disaster Medicine DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-28665-7.00001-7 sha: doc_id: 21980 cord_uid: ddau5fu3 nan C H A P T E R 1 Introduction to Disaster Medicine What exactly is disaster medicine? Now we begin to see the evolution of the specialty of disaster medicine. keywords: care; disaster; disaster medicine; emergency; event; medicine; response cache: cord-021980-ddau5fu3.txt plain text: cord-021980-ddau5fu3.txt item: #23 of 107 id: cord-022076-zpn2h9mt author: Chaffee, Mary W. title: The Role of Hospitals in Disaster date: 2009-05-15 words: 4951 flesch: 47 summary: Experience with disasters has demonstrated a number of predictable pitfalls that occur in hospital disaster response. The next phase of hospital emergency management will be a renaissance if creative planning prevails over naysayers, if resources are applied to priority preparedness activities, and if healthcare leaders are committed to ensuring that all who depend on hospitals will receive the care they need in a disaster (Box 5-2). keywords: care; disaster; emergency; health; hospital; management; medical; patients; plan; preparedness; response; staff; system cache: cord-022076-zpn2h9mt.txt plain text: cord-022076-zpn2h9mt.txt item: #24 of 107 id: cord-022252-9yiuuye3 author: Mims, Cedric A. title: Mechanisms of Cell and Tissue Damage date: 2013-11-17 words: 28876 flesch: 45 summary: Mycoplasma (see Table A .2) can grow in special cell-free media, but in the infected individual they generally multiply while attached to the surface of host cells. to host cells and tissues, but α-toxin is easily the most important one. keywords: action; activity; antibodies; antibody; antigen; bacteria; blood; cause; cells; changes; complexes; damage; death; diarrhoea; disease; endotoxin; example; factor; fever; fig; fluid; host; human; immune; infected; infection; liver; man; membrane; mice; protein; release; response; skin; staphylococcal; tissue; toxin; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-022252-9yiuuye3.txt plain text: cord-022252-9yiuuye3.txt item: #25 of 107 id: cord-022435-pztn9075 author: Roach, Jeff title: Bali Bombings: A Whole of Government Response date: 2009-11-16 words: 4729 flesch: 41 summary: In conclusion, the following lessons can be learned from the Bali bombings for a whole of government crisis management response: • plan early and test the plan; • establish clear leadership; • define roles of all players early; • use formal chains of command; and • ensure strong public affairs management. Approaches to whole of government crisis management in other countries can also provide learning opportunities for Australia. keywords: agencies; bali; community; crisis; government; information; issues; management; need; response cache: cord-022435-pztn9075.txt plain text: cord-022435-pztn9075.txt item: #26 of 107 id: cord-022592-g7rmzsv5 author: Wynn, James L. title: Pathophysiology of Neonatal Sepsis date: 2016-07-06 words: 22168 flesch: 30 summary: The expression of surface tissue factor apoprotein by blood monocytes in the course of infections in early infancy Complement and coagulation: strangers or partners in crime? Indications of coagulation and/ or fibrinolytic system activation in healthy and sick very-low-birth-weight neonates Coagulation, fibrinolytic and kallikrein systems in neonates with uncomplicated sepsis and septic shock Plasma antithrombin III and protein C levels in early recognition of late-onset sepsis in newborns Study of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III in newborns with sepsis Low plasma protein C values predict mortality in low birth weight neonates with septicemia Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in children with severe sepsis: a multicentre phase III randomised controlled trial The tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 response in pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ failure Evaluation and treatment of thrombocytopenia in the neonatal intensive care unit Low immature platelet fraction suggests decreased megakaryopoiesis in neonates with sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis Whole blood platelet deposition on extracellular matrix under flow conditions in preterm neonatal sepsis The platelet hyporeactivity of extremely low birth weight neonates is age-dependent The Ashwell receptor mitigates the lethal coagulopathy of sepsis Platelet count and sepsis in very low birth weight neonates: is there an organism-specific response? Disseminated intravascular coagulation in the newborn Natural history of neonatal herpes simplex virus infections in the acyclovir era Protease-activated receptor-1: key player in the sepsis coagulation-inflammation crosstalk Increased numbers of macrophages in tracheal aspirates in premature infants with funisitis Neutrophil-derived microparticles induce myeloperoxidase-mediated damage of vascular endothelial cells Coagulation dysfunction in sepsis and multiple organ system failure Endothelial glucocorticoid receptor is required for protection against sepsis Admission angiopoietin levels in children with septic shock Group B streptococcal beta-hemolysin promotes injury of lung microvascular endothelial cells Pathophysiologic mechanisms of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn Endothelial TLR4 activation impairs intestinal microcirculatory perfusion in necrotizing enterocolitis via eNOS-NO-nitrite signaling Neutrophil-derived IL-1β is sufficient for abscess formation in immunity against Staphylococcus aureus in mice Correlation between susceptibility of infants to infections and interaction with neutrophils of Escherichia coli strains causing neonatal and infantile septicemia Innate cellular immune responses in newborns Impact of prematurity, stress and sepsis on the neutrophil respiratory burst activity of neonates Functional analysis of neutrophil granulocytes from healthy, infected, and stressed neonates Decreased bactericidal activity of leukocytes of stressed newborn infants Spontaneous and Fas-mediated apoptosis are diminished in umbilical cord blood neutrophils compared with adult neutrophils Mechanisms underlying reduced apoptosis in neonatal neutrophils Neonatal neutrophils with prolonged survival exhibit enhanced inflammatory and cytotoxic responsiveness Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria Platelet TLR4 activates neutrophil extracellular traps to ensnare bacteria in septic blood Netting neutrophils induce endothelial damage, infiltrate tissues, and expose immunostimulatory molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus Neutrophil-derived circulating free DNA (cf-DNA/NETs): a potential prognostic marker for posttraumatic development of inflammatory second hit and sepsis Novel cell death program leads to neutrophil extracellular traps Impaired neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation: a novel innate immune deficiency of human neonates Delayed but functional neutrophil extracellular trap formation in neonates Neutrophils sense microbe size and selectively release neutrophil extracellular traps in response to large pathogens Outcomes following candiduria in extremely low birth weight infants Exhaustion of mature marrow neutrophils in neonates with sepsis Neutrophil storage pool depletion in neonates with sepsis and neutropenia Evaluation of risk factors for fatal neonatal sepsis Can neutrophil responses in very low birth weight infants predict the organisms responsible for late-onset bacterial or fungal sepsis? Neonatal sepsis has been inconsistently defined on the basis of a variety of clinical and laboratory criteria, which makes the study of this condition very difficult. keywords: activation; adults; bacterial; birth; blood; cells; children; development; expression; factor; failure; function; host; human; immune; immunity; infants; infection; inflammatory; levels; low; mortality; neonatal; neonates; newborn; onset sepsis; preterm; preterm infants; preterm neonates; production; protein; receptor; response; risk; role; sepsis; shock; weight cache: cord-022592-g7rmzsv5.txt plain text: cord-022592-g7rmzsv5.txt item: #27 of 107 id: cord-022888-dnsdg04n author: None title: Poster Sessions date: 2009-08-19 words: 189173 flesch: 41 summary: Our aim is to describe how B cell lymphoma cells respond to TGF-b compared to normal peripheral B cells, to create an overview of the different signaling pathways involved, and to characterize the mechanisms behind the loss of sensitivity to TGF-b. Methods: Proliferation assays were performed on 11 different B-cell lymphoma cell lines and normal peripheral B cells to screen for TGF-b-induced effects. Using a CD3 and CD28 activation model system -TLR4 presence on CD4+ cells is found in mouse T cells, human T cells and Jurkat cell lines. keywords: + cells; ability; absence; activity; addition; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; apoptosis; apoptotic; assay; associated; autoimmune; b cells; b t; binding; blood; bone; c mice; cancer cells; capacity; cd4; cd8 +; cd8 cells; cd8 t; cell activation; cell activity; cell culture; cell cycle; cell death; cell development; cell differentiation; cell epitopes; cell function; cell level; cell lines; cell membrane; cell population; cell proliferation; cell receptor; cell responses; cell subsets; cell surface; cell tolerance; cell types; cells cells; changes; chronic; class; clinical; colitis; complex; conclusion; contrast; control; control cells; cross; ctl; cytokine; cytokine production; cytometry; cytotoxic t; data; day; days; dcs; deficient; delta t; dendritic; disease; dna; early; effector cells; effector t; effects; elisa; expansion; experiments; expression; expression levels; factor; family; findings; flow; following; formation; function; gamma; gd cells; gd t; gene; gene expression; group; high; hiv; hla; host; human; ifn; ifng; igg; il-10; il-2; il-4; il-6; immune; immunity; increase; independent; induction; infected; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; inhibition; inkt; interaction; intracellular; levels; lps; macrophages; major; marrow cells; mast cells; mechanisms; membrane; memory t; methods; mhc; mice; model; molecules; monocytes; mouse; mouse t; mrna; murine; negative; neutrophils; new; nkt cells; non; normal; novel; number; objectives; pathway; patients; pcr; peptide; peripheral; plasma cells; play; positive; potential; presence; presentation; primary; production; promoter; protein; protein expression; receptors; regulation; regulatory; release; results; role; secretion; serum; signaling; skin; sle; specific; spleen; stem cells; stimulation; studies; study; surface expression; system; t cells; t em; t h; t helper; t lymphocytes; target cells; tcr; test; th1 cells; time; tissue; tlr; tnf; tolerance; transcription; treatment; tumor cells; type; university; vaccination; vaccine; vg9vd2 t; virus; vitro; vivo; work cache: cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt plain text: cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt item: #28 of 107 id: cord-023055-ntbvmssh author: None title: Immunogenicity date: 2004-02-19 words: 64788 flesch: 56 summary: o present fragments of that antigen very efficiently t o T cells. 10. carrier (KLH) primed T cells were transferred in the presence or absence of antigen into irradiated, K-allotype distinct adoptive host. keywords: ability; activity; amino; analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; b cells; binding; c e; c r; c t; cd3; cd4; cd8; cell activation; cell antigen; cell clones; cell epitopes; cell line; cell proliferation; cell receptor; cell response; cell surface; cells; chain; class; ctl; cytotoxic t; data; e l; e n; e s; epitopes; expression; f e; f t; gene; h e; hla; human; induced; l l; l s; l t; l y; levels; lines; mab; mhc; mice; molecules; monoclonal; mouse; mrna; murine; murine t; n g; n s; n t; non; o l; o n; p e; p l; p t; peptide; presence; present; production; proliferation; protein; r e; r l; recognition; region; residues; response; results; s c; s p; s s; sequence; specific; spleen cells; studies; t antigen; t cell; t e; t h; t helper; t lymphocytes; t o; t r; t s; t t; t u; t y; tcr; u l; w e cache: cord-023055-ntbvmssh.txt plain text: cord-023055-ntbvmssh.txt item: #29 of 107 id: cord-023143-fcno330z author: None title: Molecular aspects of viral immunity date: 2004-02-19 words: 43520 flesch: 44 summary: The immunohistological analysis suggests that CD8+ T cell dependent disappearence of marginal zone macrophages of follicular dendritic cells and of virus infected cells in general correlates with immunosuppression. Our studies indicate that MHC class I resmcted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are activated in response to viral antigens leading to destruction of virus infected cells and loss of transgene expression. keywords: activity; amino; analysis; animals; antibodies; antibody; antigen; b cells; binding; cd4; cd8; cell responses; challenge; class; clones; cns; ctl; ctl response; cytokines; cytotoxic t; days; different; disease; dna; epitopes; expression; gene; hiv; hla; host; human; ifn; immune; immunity; infected; infection; influenza; lcmv; levels; lymphocytes; memory; mhc; mice; model; molecules; mouse; murine; peptides; primary; production; protein; recognition; recombinant; replication; response; results; role; sequence; specific; spleen; strains; studies; t cells; type; vaccine; vaccinia; viral; virus; virus infection; viruses; vivo cache: cord-023143-fcno330z.txt plain text: cord-023143-fcno330z.txt item: #30 of 107 id: cord-023935-o2ffxgnn author: Lorts, Angela title: Sepsis date: 2011-12-16 words: 11116 flesch: 34 summary: More recently, a polymorphism within the CD14 promoter gene (C to T transition at base pair -159) was identifi ed with a particular genotype over-represented among septic shock patients compared to healthy controls. It is believed that genetic differences among hosts are at least in part responsible for this variability in sepsis responses. keywords: ammatory; blood; children; il-1; infl; lps; mortality; oxygen; patients; pressure; protein; receptor; response; sepsis; shock; studies; tnf; uid; volume cache: cord-023935-o2ffxgnn.txt plain text: cord-023935-o2ffxgnn.txt item: #31 of 107 id: cord-024571-vlklgd3x author: Kim, Yushim title: Community Analysis of a Crisis Response Network date: 2019-07-28 words: 6962 flesch: 36 summary: We report the result based on organization groups because the classification criterion can indicate better the different types of We did not measure the frequency, intensity, or quality of interorganizational relations but only the presence of either or both relations within the communities Fast unfolding of communities in large networks Organising for effective emergency management: Lessons from research Analyzing social networks Network management in emergency response: Articulation practices of state-level managers-Interweaving up, down, and sideways Interorganizational collaboration in the Hurricane Katrina response From linearity to complexity: Emergent characteristics of the 2006 Avian Influenza Response System in Turkey Comparing coordination structures for crisis management in six countries Mission improbable: Using fantasy documents to tame disaster Crisis management in hindsight: Cognition, coordination, communication Communication, coherence, and collective action A comparison of three diversity indices based on their components of richness and evenness Method to find community structures based on information centrality Community structure in social and biological networks Community structure in jazz A comparative study of infectious disease government in Korea: what we can learn from the 2003 SARS and the 2015 MERS outbreak Imagining Twitter as an imagined community Crisis communications in the age of social media: A network analysis of Zika-related Tweets Crisis decision making: The centralization revisited Global and domestic legal preparedness and response: 2014 Ebola outbreak Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act Disaster response preparedness coordination through social networks Interorganizational coordination in dynamic context: Networks in emergency response management Examining intergovernmental and interorganizational response to catastrophic disasters: Toward a network-centered approach Collaborative decision-making in emergency and disaster management Structure and network performance: Horizontal and vertical networks in emergency management Robustness of community structure in networks Digital government and wicked problems Subgroup analysis of an epidemic response network of organizations: 2015 MERS outbreak in Korea Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak in the Republic of Korea The 2015 MERS White Paper. The results indicate that the network split into two groups: core response communities in one group and supportive functional communities in the other. keywords: analysis; communities; community; data; edges; erns; government; network; organizations; relations; response; structure cache: cord-024571-vlklgd3x.txt plain text: cord-024571-vlklgd3x.txt item: #32 of 107 id: cord-026949-nu46ok9w author: Varshney, Deeksha title: Natural Language Generation Using Transformer Network in an Open-Domain Setting date: 2020-05-26 words: 2921 flesch: 46 summary: Lately, generation based models have become quite popular. We formulate our task of response generation as a machine translation problem. keywords: decoder; dialog; generation; input; model; responses; systems cache: cord-026949-nu46ok9w.txt plain text: cord-026949-nu46ok9w.txt item: #33 of 107 id: cord-026960-g844u7xg author: Wang, Disen title: An Adaptive Response Matching Network for Ranking Multi-turn Chatbot Responses date: 2020-05-26 words: 4524 flesch: 50 summary: The key challenge in multi-turn response selection model lies in how to model the matching relationship between a candidate response and the past utterances. More specifically, multiple transfer matrices are trained to transfer hidden states vectors into different representations spaces, and the combination of response matching matrix from each representation space is used to compute the matching score in the response matching encoder. keywords: arm; knowledge; matching; model; past; response; utterance cache: cord-026960-g844u7xg.txt plain text: cord-026960-g844u7xg.txt item: #34 of 107 id: cord-029598-qwpya4ox author: Adibe, Bryant title: Creating Wellness in a Pandemic: A Practical Framework for Health Systems Responding to Covid-19 date: 2020-06-01 words: 2337 flesch: 41 summary: In the initial phases of rolling out this program, Wellness Response Team members were often met with skepticism and, at times, even confusion. As the initiative continued, Wellness Response Team members became identified experts in resources for employee wellbeing, as well as a low barrier access point to receive support. keywords: covid-19; health; response; staff; team; wellness cache: cord-029598-qwpya4ox.txt plain text: cord-029598-qwpya4ox.txt item: #35 of 107 id: cord-030999-27wennun author: Altmann, Daniel M title: Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-07-09 words: 4378 flesch: 38 summary: Longitudinally profiling neutralizing antibody responses to SARS coronavirus with pseudotypes Antibody responses against SARS coronavirus are correlated with disease outcome of infected individuals Potent and persistent antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in recovered patients A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease Serologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff with mild disease in eastern France Distinct systems serology features in children, elderly and COVID patients Prospects from systems serology research Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections Human neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection A human neutralizing antibody targets the receptor binding site of SARS-CoV-2 A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection Broadly neutralizing antibodies for HIV prevention Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody mAb114 Chung and colleagues used a systems serology approach to investigate functional correlates of antibody responses across age groups and disease profile [21] . keywords: antibody; cell; cov-2; covid-19; disease; immunity; infection; protection; responses; sars; spike cache: cord-030999-27wennun.txt plain text: cord-030999-27wennun.txt item: #36 of 107 id: cord-031081-szqrjxq2 author: Campbell, Margaret C title: In Times of Trouble: A Framework for Understanding Consumers’ Responses to Threats date: 2020-07-09 words: 11084 flesch: 43 summary: This framework is provided as a tool to help researchers structure their particular projects within the broader landscape of consumer threat response and to present some potential directions for future research. Given this opportunity for the Journal of Consumer Research to highlight some of what our field has to offer on the topic of consumer threat response, we elected to focus this issue around this important topic. keywords: consumers; covid-19; disruption; extent; family; health; home; impact; insecurity; issue; new; pandemic; potential; products; research; responses; self; term; threat cache: cord-031081-szqrjxq2.txt plain text: cord-031081-szqrjxq2.txt item: #37 of 107 id: cord-031885-by4cujyy author: Guo, Hai title: The digitalization and public crisis responses of small and medium enterprises: Implications from a COVID-19 survey date: 2020-09-15 words: 7547 flesch: 36 summary: Based on data from an online questionnaire survey conducted with 518 Chinese SMEs, the present study explores the relationships among digitalization, crisis response strategies to the COVID-19 outbreak, and the crisis response performance of SMEs. The results show that the digitalization of SMEs is positively associated with the implementation of crisis response strategies and performance, and that crisis response strategies are also positively associated with performance. keywords: business; capabilities; crisis; digitalization; et al; firms; performance; responses; smes; strategies; term cache: cord-031885-by4cujyy.txt plain text: cord-031885-by4cujyy.txt item: #38 of 107 id: cord-032600-lldbjm77 author: Soni, Dheeraj title: The sixth revolution in pediatric vaccinology: immunoengineering and delivery systems date: 2020-09-14 words: 6668 flesch: 25 summary: 5 Specifically, vaccine delivery systems can now be engineered to mimic the size, shape, and surface chemistry of pathogens, 7 which are often referred to as pathogen-like particles. Recent advances in the nascent field of immunoengineering may allow for the design of vaccine delivery systems that can potentially accelerate the development of novel and effective early life vaccination strategies. keywords: adjuvant; alum; antigen; cell; delivery; formulations; immune; immunity; immunoengineering; infants; nanoparticles; responses; systems; vaccination; vaccine; vaccinology cache: cord-032600-lldbjm77.txt plain text: cord-032600-lldbjm77.txt item: #39 of 107 id: cord-033714-rz5unqaz author: Gupte, Jaideep title: COVID-19: what is not being addressed date: 2020-10-13 words: 8228 flesch: 43 summary: In Kenya, the Muungano Alliance, in recognition of the impossibility of informal settlement residents isolating at home, has produced maps of informal settlements indicating places that are appropriate for isolation centres. (15) The gender gap is exacerbated in low-income areas; a study of informal settlements in Nairobi, Kampala, Lagos, Yaoundé, Maputo, Cairo, Bogotá, New Delhi, Jakarta and Manila revealed women are about 50 per cent less likely to be connected to the internet and a third less likely to use a smartphone to connect, compared to men in the same age group with similar levels of education and household income. keywords: access; cities; community; covid-19; global; government; health; income; informal; need; pandemic; people; research; residents; responses; services; settlements; urban cache: cord-033714-rz5unqaz.txt plain text: cord-033714-rz5unqaz.txt item: #40 of 107 id: cord-126015-zc7u3g34 author: Krieger, Elizabeth title: Immunological determinants of clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A quantitative perspective date: 2020-05-13 words: 6427 flesch: 28 summary: H1N1) 2009 Pandemic: A Case-Control Study Cytomegalovirus Infection in Ireland: Seroprevalence, HLA Class I Alleles, and Implications Mathematical modeling provides kinetic details of the human immune response to vaccination A qualitatively validated mathematical-computational model of the immune response to the yellow fever vaccine Modeling Influenza Virus Infection: A Roadmap for Influenza Research Dynamical System Modeling of Immune Reconstitution after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Identifies Patients at Risk for Adverse Outcomes Dynamical system modeling to simulate donor T cell response to whole exome sequencing-derived recipient peptides: Understanding randomness in alloreactivity incidence following stem cell transplantation Dynamical System Modeling to Simulate Donor T Cell Response to Whole Exome Sequencing-Derived Recipient Peptides Demonstrates Different Alloreactivity Potential in HLA-Matched and -Mismatched Donor-Recipient Pairs Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor-Ligand Interactions Predict Clinical Outcomes following Unrelated Donor Transplantations Stem cell transplantation as a dynamical system: are clinical outcomes deterministic? Understanding how combinations of HLA and KIR genes influence disease Direct Recognition of Cytomegalovirus by Activating and Inhibitory NK Cell Receptors Determining the Quantitative Principles of T Cell Response to Antigenic Disparity in Stem Cell Transplantation To better understand what impact these genetic variants in immune response genes may have in the differences observed in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, a quantitative analysis of a dynamical systems model that considers both, the magnitude of viral growth, and the subsequent innate and adaptive response required to achieve control of infection is considered. keywords: cell; cov-2; cytokine; disease; hla; infection; kir; patients; polymorphism; receptor; response; sars; toll; virus cache: cord-126015-zc7u3g34.txt plain text: cord-126015-zc7u3g34.txt item: #41 of 107 id: cord-216972-migs9rxb author: Garaialde, Diego title: Quantifying the Impact of Making and Breaking Interface Habits date: 2020-05-14 words: 6292 flesch: 44 summary: 6.1.2 Adapting interfaces to account for user habits. key: cord-216972-migs9rxb authors: Garaialde, Diego; Bowers, Christopher P.; Pinder, Charlie; Shah, Priyal; Parashar, Shashwat; Clark, Leigh; Cowan, Benjamin R. title: Quantifying the Impact of Making and Breaking Interface Habits date: 2020-05-14 journal: nan DOI: nan sha: doc_id: 216972 cord_uid: migs9rxb The frequency with which people interact with technology means that users may develop interface habits, i.e. fast, automatic responses to stable interface cues. keywords: accuracy; habit; interface; participants; performance; phase; response; study; task; time; user cache: cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt plain text: cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt item: #42 of 107 id: cord-252568-b8sbvy0g author: Marques Neto, Lázaro Moreira title: Role of Metallic Nanoparticles in Vaccinology: Implications for Infectious Disease Vaccine Development date: 2017-03-08 words: 5321 flesch: 30 summary: For example, how chemical and physical properties (including material composition, size, shape, surface charge, and hydrophobicity) impact vaccine immune response (5) . Moreover, signals may elicit different function in neutrophils and therefore, influence the quality of T cell responses. keywords: activation; cells; gold; menps; nanoparticles; nps; production; response; studies; th1; th17; vaccine cache: cord-252568-b8sbvy0g.txt plain text: cord-252568-b8sbvy0g.txt item: #43 of 107 id: cord-255725-7l9lk9x2 author: Hertzog, Paul J title: Sculpting the immune response to infection date: 2011-06-20 words: 3547 flesch: 31 summary: Nat Immunol DOI: 10.1038/ni0711-579 sha: doc_id: 255725 cord_uid: 7l9lk9x2 This report describes advances in the understanding of how microbes elicit and evade immune responses and the sensing of pathogens by host cells that leads to the activation and production of intra- and extracellular signaling molecules. Indeed, L. pneumophila has proven a useful tool with which to study innate immune responses, particularly the NLRC4 inflammasome, which recognizes L. pneumophila flagellin 8 . keywords: australia; cells; host; immunity; infection; melbourne; pathogen; response; signaling; system cache: cord-255725-7l9lk9x2.txt plain text: cord-255725-7l9lk9x2.txt item: #44 of 107 id: cord-257027-q2y7fewk author: Lemaire, D. title: Coping with genetic diversity: the contribution of pathogen and human genomics to modern vaccinology date: 2011-10-28 words: 5852 flesch: 24 summary: A 2020 vision for vaccines against HIV, tuberculosis and malaria The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata Genome-based vaccines The top five game changers in vaccinology: toward rational and directed vaccine development Whole-genome random sequencing and assembly of Haemophilus influenzae Rd Reverse vaccinology and genomics Comparative analysis of epitope predictions: proposed library of putative vaccine candidates for HIV Identification of vaccine candidates against serogroup B meningococcus by whole-genome sequencing Epidemiological profile of meningococcal disease in the United States A universal vaccine for serogroup B meningococcus Immunogenicity and safety of a multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine and a quadrivalent meningococcal CRM197 conjugate vaccine against serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y in adults who are at increased risk for occupational exposure to meningococcal isolates Vaccinology in the genome era HLA supertype-, genome-wide scanning and biochemical validation Polyvalent vaccines for optimal coverage of potential T-cell epitopes in global HIV-1 variants Utility of the Trypanosoma cruzi sequence database for identification of potential vaccine candidates by in silico and in vitro screening Genome-wide variation and identification of vaccine targets in the Plasmodium falciparum genome Vaccine-induced immunity circumvented by typical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strains Variation in protection by BCG: implications of and for heterologous immunity Identification of a universal Group B streptococcus vaccine by multiple genome screen The use of genomics in microbial vaccine development Evidence that pneumococcal serotype replacement in Massachusetts following conjugate vaccination is now complete Human genetics of infectious diseases: a unified theory Genome-wide association studies and infectious disease Functional gene discovery using RNA interference-based genomic screens to combat pathogen infection Genetic localization of a locus controlling the intensity of infection by Schistosoma mansoni on chromosome 5q31-q33 Severe hepatic fibrosis in Schistosoma mansoni infection is controlled by a major locus that is closely linked to the interferon-gamma receptor gene An autosomal dominant major gene confers predisposition to pulmonary tuberculosis in adults Genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis in Africans: a genome-wide scan A major susceptibility locus for leprosy in India maps to chromosome 10p13 Chromosome 6q25 is linked to susceptibility to leprosy in a Vietnamese population A major susceptibility locus on chromosome 22q12 plays a critical role in the control of kala-azar Innate immunity genes as candidate genes: searching for relevant natural polymorphisms in databases and assessing family-based association of polymorphisms with human diseases Genetic determination and linkage mapping of Plasmodium falciparum malaria related traits in Senegal Linkage of mild malaria to the major histocompatibility complex in families living in Burkina Faso Genome-wide and fine-resolution association analysis of malaria in West Africa Analysis of the 5q31-q33 locus shows an association between IL13-1055C/T IL-13-591A/G polymorphisms and Schistosoma haematobium infections TNF as a malaria candidate gene: polymorphism-screening and family-based association analysis of mild malaria attack and parasitemia in Burkina Faso Association analyses of NCR3 polymorphisms with P. falciparum mild malaria Susceptibility to leprosy is associated with PARK2 and PACRG A whole-genome association study of major determinants for host control of HIV-1 A genome-wide association study identifies variants in the HLA-DP locus associated with chronic hepatitis B in Asians Genome-wide association of IL28B with response to pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C Genetic variation in IL28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus Heterogeneity in vaccine immune response: the role of immunogenetics and the emerging field of vaccinomics Differential genetic determination of immune responsiveness to hepatitis B surface antigen and to hepatitis A virus: a vaccination study in twins Genetic regulation of immune responses to vaccines in early life Host genetic factors and vaccine-induced immunity to hepatitis B virus infection The evolutionary genomics of pathogen recombination Vaccine immunogenetics: bedside to bench to population The lower susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum malaria of Fulani of Burkina Faso (west Africa) is associated with low frequencies of classic malaria-resistance genes Measles antibody seroprevalence rates among immunized Inuit, Innu and Caucasian subjects BCG-induced increase in interferon-gamma response to mycobacterial antigens and efficacy of BCG vaccination in Malawi and the UK: two randomised controlled studies Reemergence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in a well-vaccinated population in remote Alaska Adversomics: the emerging field of vaccine adverse event immunogenetics A framework for variation discovery and genotyping using next-generation DNA sequencing data A tutorial on statistical methods for population association studies How malaria has affected the human genome and what human genetics can teach us about malaria Prioritizing genes for pathway impact using network analysis Ectopic kidney with varied vasculature: demonstrated by CT angiography The influence of host and bacterial genotype on the development of disseminated disease with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interactome networks and human disease Gene expression analysis reveals early changes in several molecular pathways in cerebral malaria-susceptible mice versus cerebral malaria-resistant mice Gene-expression profiling discriminates between cerebral malaria (CM)-susceptible mice and CM-resistant mice Assessing the human immune system through blood transcriptomics Transcriptional profiling of mycobacterial antigen-induced responses in infants vaccinated with BCG at birth Curating the innate immunity interactome Systems biology approaches to new vaccine development Systems biology approach predicts immunogenicity of the yellow fever vaccine in humans Systems biology of vaccination for seasonal influenza in humans The heritability of vaccine responses is generally high (44) , reaching 89% for the antibody response against measles vaccine (16) . keywords: antigens; approaches; association; candidate; development; diseases; genes; genome; malaria; pathogen; response; vaccine cache: cord-257027-q2y7fewk.txt plain text: cord-257027-q2y7fewk.txt item: #45 of 107 id: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author: None title: Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date: 2006-12-31 words: 241480 flesch: 43 summary: Inst., Kyoto Univ., Inuyama, Japan GABAergic cells in the cerebral cortex are divided into subgroups: parvalbumin (PV)-, somatostatin (SOM)-, calretinin (CR)-, and calbindin-containing types. In the present study, we therefore investigated the synthesis of sex steroids and corticosteroids in the hippocampus of adult male rats, by monitoring the metabolism of tritiated steroids with HPLC system. PS2A-G125 GABA depolarizes GnRH neurons isolated from adult GnRH-EGFP transgenic rats Chengzhu Yin, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Masakatsu Kato, Yasuo Sakuma Nippon Medical School, Department of physiology, Tokyo, Japan GnRH neurons are essential in the reproductive neuroendocrine system. keywords: 1,2; 100; acid; action; activation; activities; activity; addition; administration; adult; age; amplitude; amygdala; analysis; animals; antagonist; application; area; astrocytes; auditory; axons; bdnf; behavioral; binding; biology; body; brain; brain activity; brain development; brain function; brain research; brain science; bsi; ca1; calcium; camkii; cells; cellular; center; central; cerebellar; cerebral; changes; channel; chiba; cns; cognitive; complex; condition; contrast; control; correlation; cortex; cortex neurons; cortical; crest; cultured; current; data; days; death; decrease; dendrites; dendritic; department; dept; development; difference; differentiation; direction; disease; disorders; distribution; div; division; domain; dopamine; dopaminergic; dorsal; dynamics; effect; estrogen; evoked; excitatory; experiments; exposure; expression; eye; factors; family; fibers; field; findings; firing; fmri; following; formation; fos; frequency; function; funds; gaba; gabaergic; gene; gene expression; gfp; glutamate; gnrh neurons; graduate; granule; group; growth; gyrus; hand; health; high; hippocampal neurons; hippocampus; hiroshi; human; imaging; increase; individual; induced; induction; inhibition; inhibitory; injection; injury; inputs; institute; interaction; interneurons; intracellular; involvement; japan; japan brain; japan neural; japan neurons; japan science; jst; kakenhi; kinase; kyoto; kyoto university; lab; laboratory; layer; learning; left; level; life; like; localization; loss; ltd; ltp; male; manner; mechanisms; med; medical; medicine; membrane; memory; method; mice; microglia; migration; model; molecular; molecules; monkeys; motion; motor; motor neurons; mouse; mouse brain; movement; mrna; multiple; muscle; mutant; nagoya; national; nerve; nervous; network; neural; neurite; neuronal; neurons; neuroscience; new; nmda; non; novel; nuclei; nucleus; number; olfactory; onset; order; osaka; osaka university; pain; pathway; patients; pattern; period; phase; phosphorylation; physiology; plasticity; play; postnatal; postsynaptic; potential; prefrontal; presence; present; presynaptic; primary; process; processes; processing; progenitor cells; projection neurons; proliferation; properties; protein; ps2p; ps3a; ps3p; purkinje cells; pyramidal; rat brain; rate; rats; receptor; recorded; recording; reduced; region; regulation; relationship; release; report; required; research; research funds; research institute; response; results; reward; right; riken; role; saitama; school; sciences; second; selective; sensory; signaling; signals; site; size; slices; social; specific; spike; spinal; spines; state; stem cells; stimulation; stimuli; stimulus; stress; structure; studies; study; subjects; surface; synapses; synaptic; system; target; task; technology; temporal; term; terminals; test; time; tohoku; tokyo; tokyo university; transcription; transgenic; transmission; treatment; tsukuba; type; university; university graduate; university school; usa; visual; vitro; vivo; voltage; weeks; wild; zone cache: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt plain text: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt item: #46 of 107 id: cord-257722-7rmzaau4 author: Rhee, Joon Haeng title: Current and New Approaches for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery date: 2019-10-25 words: 14138 flesch: 26 summary: Recent research into oral vaccine delivery of NPs has been directed toward the incorporation of mucoadhesive polymers. Modifications through quarterization, thiolation, acylation, and grafting resulted in copolymers with higher mucoadhesion strength, increased hydrophobic interactions (advantageous in hydrophobic antigen entrapment), and increased solubility in alkaline pH, higher solubility, and controlled/ extended release profiles, which consequently confer wider application of chitosan derivatives for oral vaccine delivery [140, 141] . keywords: acid; adjuvants; administration; antigens; cationic; cells; chitosan; delivery; immunization; influenza; intranasal; liposomes; microparticles; mucosal; nanogel; nanoparticles; nasal; nps; oral; particles; plga; polymers; protein; responses; surface; systems; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-257722-7rmzaau4.txt plain text: cord-257722-7rmzaau4.txt item: #47 of 107 id: cord-263315-g7os15m1 author: Martins-da-Silva, Andrea title: Identification of Secreted Proteins Involved in Nonspecific dsRNA-Mediated Lutzomyia longipalpis LL5 Cell Antiviral Response date: 2018-01-18 words: 7015 flesch: 41 summary: When mRNA levels changed at 12 or 24 h post transfection (either by up-or down-regulation), we detected a corresponding change in secreted protein levels 12 or 24 h after the mRNA level changes. Based on the data presented in Figure 3A , we observed that in the majority of the molecules (six out of seven) there was a correlated change of secreted protein levels 12 h to 24 h after changes in mRNA levels. keywords: antiviral; cells; change; dsrna; expression; factor; fold; infection; insect; interferon; levels; ll5; mrna; non; protein; response; secretion; transfection; virus cache: cord-263315-g7os15m1.txt plain text: cord-263315-g7os15m1.txt item: #48 of 107 id: cord-264159-e9071tyv author: Lin, Weikang Nicholas title: The Role of Single-Cell Technology in the Study and Control of Infectious Diseases date: 2020-06-10 words: 13350 flesch: 31 summary: COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic Trade Set to Plunge as COVID-19 Pandemic Upends Global Economy Microbiology by numbers History of the discovery of the malaria parasites and their vectors The use of single-cell RNA-Seq to understand virus-host interactions Breaking the population barrier by single cell analysis: One host against one pathogen Single-cell analysis and stochastic modelling unveil large cell-to-cell variability in influenza A virus infection Extreme heterogeneity of influenza virus infection in single cells High-Throughput Single-Cell Kinetics of Virus Infections in the Presence of Defective Interfering Particles Single-Cell Virus Sequencing of Influenza Infections That Trigger Innate Immunity Single-Cell Analysis of RNA Virus Infection Identifies Multiple Genetically Diverse Viral Genomes within Single Infectious Units Single-cell RNA-seq ties macrophage polarization to growth rate of intracellular Salmonella Pathogen Cell-to-Cell Variability Drives Heterogeneity in Host Immune Responses Phenotypic variation of Salmonella in host tissues delays eradication by antimicrobial chemotherapy Single-Cell Analysis of the Impact of Host Cell Heterogeneity on Infection with Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nile Virus-Inclusive Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity in the Type One area of virology that has benefited from the enhanced resolution of single-cell technologies is the study of variation in infection across single cells and the reasons for such variation. keywords: analysis; antibodies; antibody; antigen; cell; cytometry; data; disease; expression; flow; heterogeneity; host; human; infection; pathogen; responses; rna; scrna; seq; sequencing; studies; study; technologies; throughput; vaccine; virus cache: cord-264159-e9071tyv.txt plain text: cord-264159-e9071tyv.txt item: #49 of 107 id: cord-266204-ipa017wz author: Poland, G. A. title: Personalized vaccinology: A review date: 2018-08-28 words: 7241 flesch: 27 summary: Dissecting polyclonal vaccine-induced humoral immunity against HIV using systems serology Cytometry by time-offlight shows combinatorial cytokine expression and virus-specific cell niches within a continuum of CD8 + T cell phenotypes Highresolution myogenic lineage mapping by single-cell mass cytometry Metabolic phenotypes of response to vaccination in humans Heterogeneity in vaccine immune response: the role of immunogenetics and the emerging field of vaccinomics Vaccinomics, adversomics, and the immune response network theory: individualized vaccinology in the 21st century Pharmacology, vaccinomics, and the second golden age of vaccinology A systems biology approach to the effect of aging, immunosenescence and vaccine response Genetics and vaccines in the era of personalized medicine The weight of obesity on the human immune response to vaccination Understanding immunosenescence to improve responses to vaccines Vaccine immunogenetics: bedside to bench to population Learning immunology from the yellow fever vaccine: innate immunity to systems vaccinology Vaccine discovery and translation of new vaccine technology Systems vaccinology: learning to compute the behavior of vaccine induced immunity Additive effects of HLA alleles and innate immune genes determine viral outcome in HCV infection Role of HLA, KIR, MICA, and cytokines genes in leprosy Association of variants in BAT1-LTA-TNF-BTNL2 genes within 6p21.3 region show graded risk to leprosy in unrelated cohorts of Indian population Immunogenetics of HIV disease Vaccinomics provides the opportunity to examine not only immune response genes likely to be involved in vaccine response, but also the possibility of identifying the influence of new (uncharacterized) genes on vaccine-induced immunity. keywords: age; cell; development; genes; immunity; immunogenicity; influenza; responses; sex; systems; vaccination; vaccine; vaccinology; vaccinomics; virus cache: cord-266204-ipa017wz.txt plain text: cord-266204-ipa017wz.txt item: #50 of 107 id: cord-266750-41gth6o0 author: Puzzitiello, Richard N. title: Inflammatory and Coagulative Considerations for the Management of Orthopaedic Trauma Patients With COVID-19: A Review of the Current Evidence and Our Surgical Experience date: 2020-05-14 words: 3746 flesch: 34 summary: The authors of this study also concluded that the characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with fractures tend to be more severe than those reported for COVID+ patients without fractures. The following precautions may be appropriate when dealing with unprecedented challenges associated with COVID-19 patients presenting with orthopaedic trauma injuries. keywords: covid-19; disease; fractures; hit; intramedullary; patients; response; trauma; treatment cache: cord-266750-41gth6o0.txt plain text: cord-266750-41gth6o0.txt item: #51 of 107 id: cord-269943-g77qe5ml author: Di Sotto, Antonella title: Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals and Immune System Modulation: An Evidence-Based Overview date: 2020-08-22 words: 13975 flesch: 28 summary: Accordingly, oleic acid is classified as a ω-9 (or n-9) fatty acid, while linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid are ω-6 (or n-6) and ω-3 (or n-3) fatty acids, as they contain the double bond nine, six and three carbons from the methyl end The role of fatty acid structure, metabolism, and possible second messenger systems Minerval induces apoptosis in Jurkat and other cancer cells Comparative toxicity of oleic acid and linoleic acid on Jurkat cells Comparative toxicity of oleic acid and linoleic acid on Raji cells Oleate protects macrophages from palmitate-induced apoptosis through the downregulation of CD36 expression Oleate but not stearate induces the regulatory phenotype of myeloid suppressor cells Skin-Specific Unsaturated Fatty Acids Boost the Staphylococcus aureus Innate Immune Response Preventive and prophylactic mechanisms of action of pomegranate bioactive constituents Modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPAR γ) by conjugated fatty acid in obesity and inflammatory bowel disease Punicic acid a conjugated linolenic acid inhibits TNFalpha-induced neutrophil hyperactivation and protects from experimental colon inflammation in rats Role of omega-3 fatty acids in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases: A review of the evidence Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids regulation of PPARs, signaling: Relationship to tissue development and aging Dietary Bioactive Fatty Acids as Modulators of Immune Function: Implications on Human Health Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Gut Microbiota Linseed Essential Oil-Source of Lipids as Active Ingredients for Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals The chemical composition, botanical characteristic and biological activities of Borago officinalis: A review. keywords: acid; activation; activity; anti; astragalus; cancer; cells; chain; effects; fatty; function; glucan; immune; immunity; immunomodulatory; inflammation; labdane; levels; macrophages; oil; plant; polysaccharides; production; properties; pufa; response; studies; system; ω-3 cache: cord-269943-g77qe5ml.txt plain text: cord-269943-g77qe5ml.txt item: #52 of 107 id: cord-270469-lle32mha author: Martinon, Fabio title: The endoplasmic reticulum: a sensor of cellular stress that modulates immune responses date: 2012-07-15 words: 5867 flesch: 35 summary: Similarly injection into mice of media supernatant harvested from ERstressed cells elicit the upregulation of genes typically associated with ER stress responses in the liver Conditions of ER stress occur when the amount of proteins entering the ER exceeds its folding capacity. keywords: activation; cells; factor; ire1; pathways; protein; response; reticulum; signaling; stress; xbp1 cache: cord-270469-lle32mha.txt plain text: cord-270469-lle32mha.txt item: #53 of 107 id: cord-271250-ywb26cq6 author: Sarkar, Indranil title: Selection of adjuvants for vaccines targeting specific pathogens date: 2019-04-22 words: 11442 flesch: 35 summary: Vaccines (Basel) Vaccine development for respiratory syncytial virus Adjuvants and the vaccine response to the DS-Cav1-stabilized fusion glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus van den Hurk S. Induction of mucosal immunity and protection by intranasal immunization with a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine formulation Mucosal adjuvants: opportunities and challenges What role does the route of immunization play in the generation of protective immunity against mucosal pathogens? Intranasal immunization with H5N1 vaccine plus poly I:poly C12U, a toll-like receptor agonist, protects mice against homologous and heterologous virus challenge TLR3 agonists and proinflammatory antitumor activities Leukotrienes are potent adjuvant during fungal infection: effects on memory T cells Antigenic diversity and immune evasion by malaria parasites Immune mechanisms in malaria: new insights in vaccine development Induction of cross-reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses specific for HIV-1 gp120 using saponin adjuvant (QS-21) supplemented subunit vaccine formulations The future of the rts,s/as01 malaria vaccine: an alternative development plan Vaccine adjuvant uses of poly-IC and derivatives Recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices for use of herpes zoster vaccines Cell-mediated immune responses to a varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E vaccine using both a TLR agonist and QS21 in mice HPV -immune response to infection and vaccination Efficacy of human papillomavirus L1 protein vaccines (Cervarix and Gardasil) in reducing the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a meta-analysis Immunobiology of HPV and HPV vaccines Comparative immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine and HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine administered according to 2-and 3-dose schedules in girls aged 9-14 years: results to month 12 from a randomized trial Adjuvants in tuberculosis vaccine development TB vaccine development and the end tb strategy: importance and current status NOD2 and toll-like receptors are nonredundant recognition systems of mycobacterium tuberculosis Multi-stage subunit vaccines against mycobacterium tuberculosis: an alternative to the BCG vaccine or a BCG-prime boost? Phase 2b controlled trial of M72/AS01E vaccine to prevent tuberculosis Systems biology approach predicts immunogenicity of the yellow fever vaccine in humans Systems biology of vaccination for seasonal influenza in humans Expression of genes associated with immunoproteasome processing of major histocompatibility complex peptides is indicative of protection with adjuvanted RTS, S malaria vaccine Integrated analysis of genetic and proteomic data identifies biomarkers associated with adverse events following smallpox vaccination Molecular signatures of a TLR4 agonist-adjuvanted hiv-1 vaccine candidate in humans Molecular and cellular signatures underlying superior immunity against Bordetella pertussis upon pulmonary vaccination Systems vaccinology identifies an early innate immune signature as a correlate of antibody responses to the ebola vaccine rVSV-ZEBOV Predictive markers of safety and immunogenicity of adjuvanted vaccines MF59 and Pam3CSK4 boost adaptive responses to influenza subunit vaccine through an IFN type I-independent mechanism of action The T helper type 2 response to cysteine proteases requires dendritic cell-basophil cooperation via ROS-mediated signaling Key roles of adjuvants in modern vaccines Systems analysis of protective immune responses to RTS,S malaria vaccination in humans Complex immune correlates of protection in HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trials Identification of immune signatures predictive of clinical protection from malaria Systems vaccinology: enabling rational vaccine design with systems biological approaches New approaches to understanding the immune response to vaccination and infection Vaccine adjuvants: putting innate immunity to work The importance of adjuvant formulation in the development of a tuberculosis vaccine Recent advances of vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases The authors like to thank all the current and previous members from the laboratory as well as the animal care facility at VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Canada for their contribution. Front Immunol STING-activating adjuvants elicit a Th17 immune response and protect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection A liposome-based mycobacterial vaccine induces potent adult and neonatal multifunctional T cells through the exquisite targeting of dendritic cells Intranasal c-di-GMPadjuvanted plant-derived H5 influenza vaccine induces multifunctional Th1 CD4+ cells and strong mucosal and systemic antibody responses in mice Randomized, double-blind, phase 2a trial of falciparum malaria vaccines RTS,S/ AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A in malaria-naive adults: safety, efficacy, and immunologic associates of protection Mechanisms of action of adjuvants Synthetic cationic peptide IDR-1002 provides protection against bacterial infections through chemokine induction and enhanced leukocyte recruitment 11 (TLR11) interacts with flagellin and profilin through disparate mechanisms CpG oligonucleotides as cancer vaccine adjuvants. keywords: action; activation; adjuvants; alum; antibody; antigen; as01; cells; dcs; development; human; ifn; immune; immunity; induction; mf59; mice; mucosal; pathogens; responses; systems; th1; vaccine cache: cord-271250-ywb26cq6.txt plain text: cord-271250-ywb26cq6.txt item: #54 of 107 id: cord-272512-gevrlcvy author: Shewen, P.E. title: Challenges in mucosal vaccination of cattle date: 2009-03-15 words: 4852 flesch: 30 summary: Vet Immunol Immunopathol DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.297 sha: doc_id: 272512 cord_uid: gevrlcvy Recognition of the mucosal portal of entry for many infectious diseases and of the relevance of mucosal immune response to protection has encouraged the development of vaccines administered by mucosal routes, principally oral and intranasal, for stimulation of intestinal and nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissues respectively. I N F O Mucosal immunity Vaccination Mannheimia haemolytica Cattle A B S T R A C T Recognition of the mucosal portal of entry for many infectious diseases and of the relevance of mucosal immune response to protection has encouraged the development of vaccines administered by mucosal routes, principally oral and intranasal, for stimulation of intestinal and nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissues respectively. keywords: antigen; calves; cells; lkt; mucosal; nasal; response; vaccination; vaccines cache: cord-272512-gevrlcvy.txt plain text: cord-272512-gevrlcvy.txt item: #55 of 107 id: cord-273479-kira7mz6 author: Strike, Philip C. title: Mild acute inflammatory stimulation induces transient negative mood date: 2004-10-02 words: 3779 flesch: 46 summary: This has been documented most consistently in studies of mood responses following cytokine-based treatments for cancer. The supplementary aim of this study was therefore to assess associations between chronic stress and mood responses to typhoid vaccination. keywords: changes; mood; placebo; responses; stress; study; symptoms; vaccination cache: cord-273479-kira7mz6.txt plain text: cord-273479-kira7mz6.txt item: #56 of 107 id: cord-274027-ovdhnajp author: Gyasi, Razak M. title: Rethinking the Gendered Dimensions in the Impacts and Response to COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-06-11 words: 1335 flesch: 37 summary: The World Health Organization Ebola, gender and conspicuously invisible women in global health governance Fighting COVID-19: Fear and internal conflict among older adults in Ghana Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study Sex Hormones and Gender Role Relate to Gray Matter Volumes in Sexually Dimorphic Brain Areas Sex Drives Dimorphic Immune Responses to Viral Infections Prevalence and patterns of tobacco smoking among Chinese adult men and women: findings of the 2010 national smoking survey Explaining the gender gap in health services use in Ghanaian community-dwelling older cohorts Gender equity in the health work force: Analysis of 104 countries Serological evidence of Flavivirus circulation in human populations in Northern Kenya: an assessment of disease risk 2016-2017 A gendered human rights analysis of Ebola and Zika: locating gender in global health emergencies Overcoming the 'tyranny of the urgent': integrating gender into disease outbreak preparedness and response Executive Board EB146/Conf/17: strengthening preparedness for health emergencies; implementation of International Health Regulations Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of COVID-19: a modelling study None Strategic plans for preparedness must be fully grounded in strong gender analysis in the remit of gender roles and norms, and strengthen the leadership and resourceful participation of women in the decision-making process toward addressing COVID-19 outbreak. keywords: covid-19; health; response; women cache: cord-274027-ovdhnajp.txt plain text: cord-274027-ovdhnajp.txt item: #57 of 107 id: cord-276628-uxsjyezo author: Hedges, Jodi F. title: Harnessing γδ T Cells as Natural Immune Modulators date: 2019-10-25 words: 6821 flesch: 39 summary: The application of these therapeutic approaches to stimulate γδ T cells is limited to humans and nonhuman primates, since γδ T cell responses to the prenyl phosphates are restricted to primate cells. γδ T cells: a potential game changer for adoptive T cell cancer immunotherapy Activation of NK cells and T cells by NKG2D, a receptor for stress-inducible MICA Activation of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells by NKG2D Cutting edge: adaptive versus innate receptor signals selectively control the pool sizes of murine IFN-γ 2 or IL-17 2 producing γδ T cells upon infection Activating and propagating polyclonal gamma delta T cells with broad specificity for malignancies Interleukin-17-producing γδ T cells selectively expand in response to pathogen products and environmental signals Aryl hydrocarbon receptor is critical for homeostasis of invariant γδ T cells in the murine epidermis Fungal keywords: activation; amb; antigen; bovine; cells; expression; human; il-17; infection; innate; polysaccharides; receptors; responses cache: cord-276628-uxsjyezo.txt plain text: cord-276628-uxsjyezo.txt item: #58 of 107 id: cord-278397-u33x4jaw author: Abe, Takayuki title: Negative Regulation of Cytosolic Sensing of DNA date: 2018-10-29 words: 7241 flesch: 21 summary: Indeed, inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) contributes to stabilize STING protein by recruiting the deubiquitinating enzyme EIF3S5 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 5) and While multiple ubiquitin ligases have been implicated in directly regulating STING protein, much less is known about their modulatory role on cGAS function. keywords: activation; cells; cgas; cytosolic; dna; et al; immune; interferon; pathway; protein; responses; role; sensing; signaling; sting; type; ubiquitination; virus cache: cord-278397-u33x4jaw.txt plain text: cord-278397-u33x4jaw.txt item: #59 of 107 id: cord-278938-bmahwxbn author: Masi, Davide title: Letter To the Editor: [Our Response to COVID-19 as Endocrinologists and Diabetologists] date: 2020-04-28 words: 497 flesch: 33 summary: Ecancer Associations between immune-suppressive and stimulating drugs and novel COVID-19-a systematic review of current evidence Understanding SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Inflammatory Responses: From Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutic Tools Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury Opioid-induced endocrinopathies Endocrine consequences of long-term intrathecal administration of opioids Chronic Spinal and Oral Morphine-Induced Neuroendocrine and Metabolic Changes in Noncancer Pain Patients The existing literature does not currently provide conclusive evidence regarding their administration for the treatment of COVID-19. keywords: covid-19; patients cache: cord-278938-bmahwxbn.txt plain text: cord-278938-bmahwxbn.txt item: #60 of 107 id: cord-280605-2i4gk7et author: Bachmann, María Consuelo title: The Challenge by Multiple Environmental and Biological Factors Induce Inflammation in Aging: Their Role in the Promotion of Chronic Disease date: 2020-10-14 words: 11154 flesch: 18 summary: The impact on Tregulatory cell related immune responses in rural women exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in household air pollution in Gansu, China: A pilot investigation PM 2.5 induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro Blocking IL-17A Promotes the Resolution of Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis Via TGF-b1-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms Effects of sub-chronic exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 on fibrosis, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in the livers of rats Genetic and epigenetic alterations in normal and sensitive COPD-diseased human bronchial epithelial cells repeatedly exposed to air pollution-derived Effects of airborne pollutants on mitochondrial DNA Methylation Prenatal particulate air pollution and DNA methylation in newborns: An epigenomewide meta-analysis Dose-and time-effect responses of DNA methylation and histone H3K9 acetylation changes induced by traffic-related air pollution Air pollution and DNA methylation: Effects of exposure in humans Epigenetic response profiles into environmental epigenotoxicant screening and health risk assessment: A critical review Air pollution, particulate matter composition and methylation-based biologic age Air Pollution Stress and the Aging Phenotype: The Telomere Connection The effect of exposure time and concentration of airborne PM2.5 on lung injury in mice: A transcriptome analysis Facing up to the global challenges of ageing Coming of age: molecular drivers of aging and therapeutic opportunities Find the latest version: Review series introduction Coming of age: molecular drivers of aging and therapeutic opportunities Disability incidence and functional decline among older adults with major chronic diseases Quality of life assessment instruments for adults: a systematic review of population-based studies Comparative financing analysis and political economy of noncommunicable diseases The integration of inflammaging in age-related diseases Scavenger Receptor-A deficiency impairs immune response of microglia and astrocytes potentiating Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology Source of Chronic Inflammation in Aging Microglial cell dysregulation in brain aging and neurodegeneration Aging and the immune system: An overview Cellular senescence and Alzheimer disease: the egg and the chicken scenario The epigenetics of inflammaging: The contribution of age-related heterochromatin loss and locus-specific remodelling and the modulation by environmental stimuli These sex-related differences can determine the ability of immune cells to generate an effective inflammatory response, which translates into epidemiological differences on the prevalence of various pathologies, including allergies (22), asthma (23, 24), autoimmune diseases (25), anaphylaxis (26), neonatal sepsis (27), and cancer (28), among several pathologies. keywords: activation; age; aging; cells; changes; cytokines; damage; diet; diseases; effects; exercise; exposure; expression; factors; immune; inflammation; levels; mechanisms; methylation; oxidative; production; response; sex; stress; system cache: cord-280605-2i4gk7et.txt plain text: cord-280605-2i4gk7et.txt item: #61 of 107 id: cord-281437-cb3u1s7s author: Bedford, Juliet title: A new twenty-first century science for effective epidemic response date: 2019-11-06 words: 6859 flesch: 33 summary: Global rise in human infectious disease outbreaks Pandemics, public health emergencies and antimicrobial resistance -putting the threat in an epidemiologic and risk analysis context How urbanization affects the epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg Travel, migration and emerging infectious diseases Understanding the link between malaria risk and climate The Ebola outbreak, fragile health systems, and quality as a cure Health inequalities and infectious disease epidemics: a challenge for global health security Historical parallels, Ebola virus disease and cholera: understanding community distrust and social violence with epidemics War and infectious diseases: challenges of the Syrian civil war Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for the Sharing of Influenza Viruses and Access to Vaccines and Other Benefits (WHO How Africa can quell the next disease outbreaks The ability to prevent, detect and respond to any health issues will always depend on the local capacity and although international partners can bring complementary expertise and resources, it is the local capacity that is critical; in this article, the authors argue for national investment in public health, health systems, science and local leadership UN health chief orders probe into misconduct The inverse care law Agenda setting, research questions and funding for biomedical research has historically been led from Northern Hemisphere countries in an unequal Northern-Southern Hemisphere relationship Science granting councils in sub-Saharan Africa: trends and tensions International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Although this siloed landscape has brought major advances in global health, it is not fit for the transitional phase of epidemic diseases: rapidly evolving, high-impact events bring together communities, responders and researchers who do not routinely interact. keywords: communities; data; diseases; ebola; epidemic; epidemiology; health; outbreak; people; research; response; risk; surveillance; systems; virus cache: cord-281437-cb3u1s7s.txt plain text: cord-281437-cb3u1s7s.txt item: #62 of 107 id: cord-281883-l9yshyc7 author: Alekseeva, Ekaterina title: Enhancement of the expression of HCV core gene does not enhance core-specific immune response in DNA immunization: advantages of the heterologous DNA prime, protein boost immunization regimen date: 2009-06-08 words: 7611 flesch: 40 summary: Here as well, a slow increase in the level of anti-core antibodies Expression of HCV core proteins Plasmids used for NIH 3T3 transfection Core expression (Units) was observed 35 days after a single gene injection as compared to levels detected at day 21 (data not shown). Ideally, HCV core could be eliminated by a specific vaccine-induced immune response. keywords: boost; cell; core; dna; expression; fig; gene; hcv; hepatitis; immunization; mice; pcmvcorekozak; prime; protein; response; specific; virus cache: cord-281883-l9yshyc7.txt plain text: cord-281883-l9yshyc7.txt item: #63 of 107 id: cord-284845-on97zu6w author: Falcinelli, Shane D. title: Integration of Global Analyses of Host Molecular Responses with Clinical Data To Evaluate Pathogenesis and Advance Therapies for Emerging and Re-emerging Viral Infections date: 2016-07-29 words: 8479 flesch: 29 summary: The pathway ORA of the kinome data demonstrated that Congo Basin MPXV infection resulted in strong down-regulation of a large proportion of host cell responses, most notably apoptosis, in comparison to West African MPXV. Global suppression of the host antiviral response by Ebolaand Marburgviruses: increased antagonism of the type I interferon response is associated with enhanced virulence Assessing the contribution of interferon antagonism to the virulence of West African Ebola viruses Ebola virus modulates transforming growth factor beta signaling and cellular markers of mesenchyme-like transition in hepatocytes Human monkeypox Status of human monkeypox: clinical disease, epidemiology and research A tale of two clades: monkeypox viruses Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and West African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates Clinical manifestations of human monkeypox influenced by route of infection Cytokine modulation correlates with severity of monkeypox disease in humans Smallpox DNA vaccine protects nonhuman primates against lethal monkeypox Genomic variability of monkeypox virus among humans Comparison of host cell gene expression in cowpox, monkeypox or vaccinia virus-infected cells reveals viral-specific regulation of immune responses Stunned silence: gene expression programs in human cells infected with monkeypox or vaccinia virus Systems kinomics demonstrates Congo Basin monkeypox virus infection selectively modulates host cell signaling responses as compared to West African monkeypox virus Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway early during vaccinia and cowpox virus infections is required for both host survival and viral replication Dynamic phosphorylation of VP30 is essential for Ebola virus life cycle Structural phosphoprotein M2-1 of the human respiratory syncytial virus is an RNA binding protein Phosphorylation status of the phosphoprotein P of rinderpest virus modulates transcription and replication of the genome A comparison of the chicken and turkey proteomes and phosphoproteomes in the development of poultry-specific immuno-metabolism kinome peptide arrays Characterization of the host response to pichinde virus infection in the Syrian golden hamster by speciesspecific kinome analysis Computational analysis of the predicted evolutionary conservation of human phosphorylation sites keywords: analysis; cell; cov; disease; ebov; host; human; infected; infection; kinase; kinome; mers; mpxv; patients; responses; signaling; viral; virus cache: cord-284845-on97zu6w.txt plain text: cord-284845-on97zu6w.txt item: #64 of 107 id: cord-285778-80baxwgc author: None title: Introduction to the Immune Response date: 2014-10-10 words: 7980 flesch: 43 summary: If a pathogen replicates rapidly, large amounts of DAMPs and PAMPs are present that immediately activate innate leukocytes, including the APCs needed to initiate T cell responses. Innate immune responses are triggered by disruptions to homeostasis caused by either non-infectious or infectious means. keywords: antigen; body; cells; host; immunity; leukocytes; lymphocytes; pathogen; response; system cache: cord-285778-80baxwgc.txt plain text: cord-285778-80baxwgc.txt item: #65 of 107 id: cord-285982-1a5u7uux author: Moss, Ronald B title: Prospects for control of emerging infectious diseases with plasmid DNA vaccines date: 2009-09-07 words: 4229 flesch: 37 summary: These and other attributes make DNA vaccines ideal for development against emerging pathogens. The rapid manufacturing capabilities of DNA vaccines may be particularly important for emerging infectious diseases including the current novel H1N1 Influenza A pandemic, where pre-existing immunity is limited. keywords: cells; colleagues; dna; immune; influenza; plasmid; responses; vaccination; vaccines; virus cache: cord-285982-1a5u7uux.txt plain text: cord-285982-1a5u7uux.txt item: #66 of 107 id: cord-286072-kgpvdb42 author: Sa Ribero, Margarida title: Interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the type I interferon response date: 2020-07-29 words: 7034 flesch: 36 summary: A virus-cell protein interaction map performed with 26 of the 29 SARS-CoV-2 proteins expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293T identified several innate immune signaling proteins as partners of viral proteins cells (Fig 1) Science. 2020: eabc3545 Regulation of TLR7/9 responses in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by BST2 and ILT7 receptor interaction Epstein-Barr virusencoded EBNA1 modulates the AP-1 transcription factor pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and enhances angiogenesis in vitro Natural amines inhibit activation of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells through CXCR4 engagement Mozobil(R) (Plerixafor, AMD3100), 10 years after its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration TRIM8 is required for virusinduced IFN response in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells Development of Pin1 inhibitors and their potential as therapeutic agents Disease-promoting effects of type I interferons in viral, bacterial, and coinfections A critical role for the sphingosine analog AAL-R in dampening the cytokine response during influenza virus infection Endothelial cells are central orchestrators of cytokine amplification during influenza virus infection Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals We thank Nathalie J. Arhel for helpful discussion. keywords: cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; human; ifn; infection; interferon; isgs; patients; replication; respiratory; response; sars; type cache: cord-286072-kgpvdb42.txt plain text: cord-286072-kgpvdb42.txt item: #67 of 107 id: cord-287396-18p171nr author: Schroyen, Martine title: Current transcriptomics in pig immunity research date: 2014-11-15 words: 9828 flesch: 32 summary: The making of ENCODE: lessons for big-data projects Evidence for a major QTL associated with host response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge Validation and further characterization of a major quantitative trait locus associated with host response to experimental infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Patterns of cellular gene expression in swine macrophages infected with highly virulent classical swine fever virus strain Brescia Understanding Haemophilus parasuis infection in porcine spleen through a transcriptomics approach A global view of porcine transcriptome in three tissues from a full-sib pair with extreme phenotypes in growth and fat deposition by paired-end RNA sequencing Porcine S100A8 and S100A9: molecular characterizations and crucial functions in response to Haemophilus parasuis infection Increasing gene discovery and coverage using RNA-seq of globin RNA reduced porcine blood samples Evaluation of suitable reference genes for gene expression studies in porcine alveolar macrophages in response to LPS and LTA Evaluation of suitable reference genes for gene expression studies in porcine PBMCs in response to LPS and LTA Quantitative analysis of the immune response upon Salmonella typhimurium infection along the porcine intestinal gut Alphacoronavirus protein 7 modulates host innate immune response Transcriptional approach to study porcine tracheal epithelial cells individually or dually infected with swine influenza virus and Streptococcus suis Comparative assessment of the pig, mouse, and human genomes: a structural and functional analysis of genes involved in immunity Analysis of porcine MHC using microarrays MicroRNA 181 suppresses porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection by targeting PRRSV receptor CD163 Cytokines transcript levels in lung and lymphoid organs during genotype 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) infection Enabling a systems biology approach to immunology: focus on innate immunity Direct multiplexed measurement of gene expression with colorcoded probe pairs Genome-wide transcriptional response of primary alveolar macrophages following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Gene expression profiling of porcine alveolar macrophages after antibody-mediated crosslinking of Sialoadhesin (Sn, Siglec-1) pandemic H1N1 influenza virus elicits similar clinical course but differential host transcriptional response in mouse, macaque, and swine infection models miRBase: microRNA sequences, targets and gene nomenclature Meta-analysis of molecular response of kidney to ischemia reperfusion injury for the identification of new candidate genes Analyses of pig genomes provide insight into porcine demography and evolution Mannose-specific interaction of Lactobacillus plantarum with porcine jejunal epithelium Increasing expression of MicroRNA 181 inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication and has implications for controlling virus infection Identification of host encoded microRNAs interacting with novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus and swine influenza virus Molecular characterisation of the early response in pigs to experimental infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae using cDNA microarrays Intestinal Salmonella typhimurium infection leads to miR-29a induced caveolin 2 regulation Digital gene expression for non-model organisms Distinct peripheral blood RNA responses to Salmonella in pigs differing in Salmonella shedding levels: intersection of IFNG, TLR and miRNA pathways Transcription networks responsible for early regulation of Salmonella-induced inflammation in the jejunum of pigs Expression of toll-like receptors and downstream genes in lipopolysaccharide-induced porcine alveolar macrophages Age-related changes in phagocytic activity and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccharide stimulated porcine alveolar macrophages Reactomes of porcine alveolar macrophages infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Pig bone marrow-derived macrophages resemble human macrophages in their response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide The impact of breed and tissue compartment on the response of pig macrophages to lipopolysaccharide Characterizing the porcine immune response to an environmental and pathogenic challenge: swine barn dust and Salmonella infection. Furthermore, upcoming high-throughput epigenomic studies, which will add greatly to our knowledge concerning the impact of epigenetic modifications on pig immune response, are listed in this review. keywords: analysis; array; colleagues; data; et al; expression; genes; genome; host; human; immune; infection; pig; pigs; porcine; response; rna; seq; studies; swine; virus cache: cord-287396-18p171nr.txt plain text: cord-287396-18p171nr.txt item: #68 of 107 id: cord-288868-qfdxri93 author: Wack, Andreas title: Vaccinology at the beginning of the 21st century date: 2005-06-13 words: 5085 flesch: 35 summary: This is a promising example of how molecular approaches are employed for the rational design of new vaccines. (d) DCs matured and loaded with antigen in vitro are efficient vaccines [41 ,42,43] . keywords: antigen; cells; dcs; dna; immune; response; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-288868-qfdxri93.txt plain text: cord-288868-qfdxri93.txt item: #69 of 107 id: cord-289961-7q2wkwrf author: Chattopadhyay, Saborni title: Nanoparticle Vaccines Adopting Virus-like Features for Enhanced Immune Potentiation date: 2017-06-09 words: 10547 flesch: 26 summary: As a result, mechanisms behind the benefits of nanoparticle vaccines can often find analogue to the interaction dynamics between the immune system and viruses. As understanding of human immunity and vaccine mechanisms continue to evolve, recognizing the fundamental semblance between synthetic nanoparticles and viruses may offer an explanation for the superiority of nanoparticle vaccines over conventional vaccines and may spur new design rationales for future vaccine research. keywords: adjuvant; antigen; cells; delivery; dna; gold; immune; influenza; liposomes; lymph; nanoparticles; node; protein; responses; size; study; surface; system; vaccine; virus; viruses cache: cord-289961-7q2wkwrf.txt plain text: cord-289961-7q2wkwrf.txt item: #70 of 107 id: cord-290264-pv7ijdnx author: Perakslis, Eric title: A Primer on Biodefense Data Science for Pandemic Preparedness date: 2020-04-10 words: 2350 flesch: 53 summary: The coronavirus outbreak is sweeping the globe with outbreaks reported on every continent except Antarctica as of March 2020. The coronavirus outbreak is sweeping the globe with outbreaks reported on every continent except Antarctica as of March 2020. keywords: biodefense; coronavirus; covid-19; data; health; outbreak; response cache: cord-290264-pv7ijdnx.txt plain text: cord-290264-pv7ijdnx.txt item: #71 of 107 id: cord-292983-msuluuuu author: Ballesteros-Briones, María Cristina title: A new generation of vaccines based on alphavirus self-amplifying RNA date: 2020-09-06 words: 4952 flesch: 37 summary: Intradermal electroporation of naked replicon RNA elicits strong immune responses Electroporation of RNA stimulates immunity to an encoded reporter gene in mice Enhanced delivery and potency of self-amplifying mRNA vaccines by electroporation in situ Expression kinetics and innate immune response after electroporation and LNP-mediated delivery of a self-amplifying mRNA in the skin Comparison of the expression kinetics and immunostimulatory activity of replicating mRNA, nonreplicating mRNA, and pDNA after intradermal electroporation in pigs Effects of epigenetic modulation on reporter gene expression: implications for stem cell imaging Improving the repeatability and efficacy of intradermal electroporated selfreplicating mRNA Improved methodology to reduce variability of saRNA in vivo expression delivered by EP in combination with RNAse inhibitors Rapidly produced SAM(J) vaccine against H7N9 influenza is immunogenic in mice CD8 Tcell priming upon mRNA vaccination is restricted to bonemarrow-derived antigen-presenting cells and may involve antigen transfer from myocytes Selfamplifying mRNA vaccines expressing multiple conserved influenza antigens confer protection against homologous and heterosubtypic viral challenge Induction of protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii in mice by nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase-II (NTPase-II) selfamplifying RNA vaccine encapsulated in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) In vivo electroporation (EP) can enhance the potency of saRNA vaccines, by increasing transfection efficiency as shown for the first time by Piggott et al. keywords: delivery; expression; mice; mrna; responses; sarna; self; vaccines; virus cache: cord-292983-msuluuuu.txt plain text: cord-292983-msuluuuu.txt item: #72 of 107 id: cord-293893-ibca88xu author: Xie, Tian title: Parallel Evolution and Response Decision Method for Public Sentiment based on System Dynamics date: 2020-05-23 words: 9846 flesch: 38 summary: Thus, in this paper, we use PCM theory to cultivate the SD simulation models dynamically and to keep the models parallel with real public sentiment systems in order to obtain accurate simulation results and reliable response solutions (F. Wang, 2010) . The rationality and consistency between the models and real public sentiment systems should be discussed by (Wooldridge, 2006) . keywords: data; decision; degree; government; model; nuclear; public; response; sentiment; simulation; strategies; system; variables cache: cord-293893-ibca88xu.txt plain text: cord-293893-ibca88xu.txt item: #73 of 107 id: cord-296886-0bma2749 author: Xu, Yingying title: Intranasal DNA Vaccine for Protection against Respiratory Infectious Diseases: The Delivery Perspectives date: 2014-07-10 words: 13105 flesch: 31 summary: With the success of DNA vaccines in various animal models, several phase I & II clinical trials on DNA vaccine against influenza have been being carried out. The two open reading frames of the 22k mRNA of human respiratory syncytial virus: Sequence comparison of antigenic subgroups A and B and expression in vitro Respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly and high-risk adults Combining DNA and protein vaccines for early life immunization against respiratory syncytial virus in mice The fusion glycoproteins of human respiratory syncytial virus of subgroups A and B: Sequence conservation provides a structural basis for antigenic relatedness Protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection by DNA immunization Immunogenicity and efficacy of codon optimized DNA vaccines encoding the F-protein of respiratory syncytial virus Plasmid DNA encoding the respiratory syncytial virus G protein is a promising vaccine candidate Resistance to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) challenge induced by infection with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the RSV M2 protein (Vac-M2) is mediated by CD8 + T cells, while that induced by Vac-F or Vac-G recombinants is mediated by antibodies Enhanced delivery and expression of a nanoencapsulated DNA vaccine vector for respiratory syncytial virus Nano-encapsulated DNA and/or protein boost immunizations increase efficiency of DNA vaccine protection against RSV Distribution of DNA vaccines determines their immunogenicity after intramuscular injection in mice DNA vaccines: Protective immunizations by parenteral, mucosal, and gene-gun inoculations Gene gun-based nucleic acid immunization: Elicitation of humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses following epidermal delivery of nanogram quantities of DNA Advantage of gene gun-mediated over intramuscular inoculation of plasmid DNA vaccine in reproducible induction of specific immune responses Immunobiology of dendritic cells Dendritic cells: Specialized and regulated antigen processing machines Dendritic cells in vivo: A key target for a new vaccine science Targeting vaccines to dendritic cells A versatile bifunctional dendritic cell targeting vaccine vector Dendritic cell targeted HIV gag protein vaccine provides help to a DNA vaccine including mobilization of protective CD8 + T cells Dendritic cell targeted chitosan nanoparticles for nasal DNA immunization against SARS CoV nucleocapsid protein The dendritic cell subtype-restricted C-type lectin Clec9A is a target for vaccine enhancement Improving vaccines by targeting antigens to dendritic cells Hematologic effects of flt3 ligand in vivo in mice Dramatic increase in the numbers of functionally mature dendritic cells in Flt3 ligand-treated mice: multiple dendritic cell subpopulations identified Modulating dendritic cells to optimize mucosal immunization protocols Enhancement of DNA vaccine potency by linkage of antigen gene to a gene encoding the extracellular domain of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-ligand Nasal Flt3 ligand cDNA elicits CD11c + CD8 + dendritic cells for enhanced mucosal immunity The nasal dendritic cell-targeting Flt3 ligand as a safe adjuvant elicits effective protection against fatal pneumococcal pneumonia Uptake and transport of copolymer biodegradable microspheres by rabbit Peyer's patch M cells Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) particles of different physicochemical properties and their uptake by Peyer's patches in mice M-cell targeted biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles for oral immunization against hepatitis B Claudin 4-targeted protein incorporated into PLGA nanoparticles can mediate M cell targeted delivery Pharmaceutical aspects of intranasal delivery of vaccines using particulate systems Exploiting lymphatic transport and complement activation in nanoparticle vaccines Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune response with intranasal immunization of mice with HIV peptides entrapped in PLG microparticles in combination with Ulex Europaeus-I lectin as M cell target Intestinal M cells: A pathway for entry of reovirus into the host Salmonella typhimurium initiates murine infection by penetrating and destroying the specialized epithelial M cells of the Peyer's patches The M cell as a portal of entry to the lung for the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis Novel vaccine development strategies for inducing mucosal immunity The M cell-targeting ligand promotes antigen delivery and induces antigen-specific immune responses in mucosal vaccination M cell targeting by a Claudin 4-targeting peptide can enhance mucosal IgA responses A novel M cell-specific carbohydrate-targeted mucosal vaccine effectively induces antigen-specific immune responses Low-dose tolerance is mediated by the microfold cell ligand, reovirus protein sigma1 A versatile vector for gene and oligonucleotide transfer into cells in culture and in vivo: Polyethylenimine Intranasal immunization with plasmid DNA encoding spike protein of SARS-coronavirus/polyethylenimine nanoparticles elicits antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses Intranasal DNA vaccination induces potent mucosal and systemic immune responses and cross-protective immunity against influenza viruses Pulmonary delivery of DNA vaccine constructs using deacylated PEI elicits immune responses and protects against viral challenge infection Application of chitosan microspheres for nasal delivery of vaccines Chitosan-based formulations for delivery of DNA and siRNA Nasal vaccination: A non-invasive vaccine delivery method that holds great promise for the future Chitosan and the mucosal delivery of biotechnology drugs Biomedical applications of amino acid-modified chitosans: A review Immune stimulating activity of two new chitosan containing adjuvant formulations Intranasal gene transfer by chitosan-DNA nanospheres protects BALB/c mice against acute respiratory syncytial virus infection Nasal delivery of chitosan-DNA plasmid expressing epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) induces protective CTL responses in BALB/c mice Thiolated chitosans Thiolated chitosan/DNA nanocomplexes exhibit enhanced and sustained gene delivery Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug and gene delivery to cells and tissue PLGA-PEI nanoparticles for gene delivery to pulmonary epithelium Chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles for DNA/RNA delivery: Effect of the formulation parameters on complexation and transfection of antisense oligonucleotides Characterization of plasmid DNA location within Chitosan/PLGA/pDNA nanoparticle complexes designed for gene delivery Establishing chitosan coated PLGA nanosphere platform loaded with wide variety of nucleic acid by complexation with cationic compound for gene delivery Cationic microparticles consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and polyethylenimine as carriers systems for parental DNA vaccination Intranasal delivery of cationic PLGA nano/microparticles-loaded FMDV DNA vaccine encoding IL-6 elicited protective immunity against FMDV challenge Preparation and characterization of cationic PLGA nanospheres as DNA carriers Co-delivery of IL-2 or liposomes augment the responses of mice to a DNA vaccine for pseudorabies virus IE180 Modulation of cellular immune response against hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 3 by cationic liposome encapsulated DNA immunization Augmentation of antigen-specific immune responses using DNA-fusogenic liposome vaccine Vaccine adjuvant formulations: A pharmaceutical perspective Delivery of plasmid DNA into mammalian cell lines using pH-sensitive liposomes: Comparison with cationic liposomes Surface modified liposomes for nasal delivery of DNA vaccine Cationic lipid/DNA complexes (JVRS-100) combined with influenza vaccine (Fluzone) increases antibody response, cellular immunity, and antigenically drifted protection Improved tuberculosis DNA vaccines by formulation in cationic lipids Protection against tuberculosis by a single intranasal administration of DNA-hsp65 vaccine complexed with cationic liposomes DNA vaccination against respiratory influenza virus infection Intranasal immunization with liposome-encapsulated plasmid DNA encoding influenza virus hemagglutinin elicits mucosal, cellular and humoral immune responses Glycol chitosan improves the efficacy of intranasally administrated replication defective human adenovirus type 5 expressing glycoprotein D of bovine herpesvirus 1 Dendritic cell-targeting DNA-based mucosal adjuvants for the development of mucosal vaccines Improving vaccines by incorporating immunological coadjuvants Mucosal adjuvants and delivery systems for protein-, DNA-and RNA-based vaccines Mutants of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin act as effective mucosal adjuvants for nasal delivery of an acellular pertussis vaccine: Differential effects of the nontoxic AB complex and enzyme activity on Th1 and Th2 cells Intranasal immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines with nontoxic mutants of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxins as adjuvants protects mice against invasive pneumococcal infections Genetically detoxified mutants of heat-labile enterotoxin from Escherichia coli are effective adjuvants for induction of cytotoxic T-cell responses against HIV-1 gag-p55 A dilemma for mucosal vaccination: Efficacy versus toxicity using enterotoxin-based adjuvants Mucosal vaccines: Non toxic derivatives of LT and CT as mucosal adjuvants Use of the inactivated intranasal influenza vaccine and the risk of Bell's palsy in Switzerland Heat-labile enterotoxins as adjuvants or anti-inflammatory agents Structure and function of cholera toxin and the related Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin The vaccine adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A as a TRIF-biased agonist of TLR4. keywords: adjuvants; administration; antigen; cells; chitosan; delivery; dna; dna vaccines; encoding; human; immunity; immunization; influenza; intranasal; mice; mucosal; plasmid; protection; protein; responses; system; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-296886-0bma2749.txt plain text: cord-296886-0bma2749.txt item: #74 of 107 id: cord-297776-k38jssr0 author: Volk, Aaron title: Coronavirus Endoribonuclease and Deubiquitinating Interferon Antagonists Differentially Modulate the Host Response during Replication in Macrophages date: 2020-05-18 words: 5851 flesch: 33 summary: We used an online tool called Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) to cluster the genes highly upregulated by EndoUmut virus infection (bracket in Fig. 1 ) based on functional similarities (21, 22) . Interestingly, despite of this elevated IFN expression during DUBmut infection, we did not observe a similar increase in ISG15 mRNA, which is upregulated by EndoUmut virus infection (Fig. 2B) . keywords: cells; coronavirus; dubmut; endoumut; expression; genes; host; infection; interferon; macrophages; response; type; virus cache: cord-297776-k38jssr0.txt plain text: cord-297776-k38jssr0.txt item: #75 of 107 id: cord-297834-me1ajoyb author: Schountz, Tony title: Hantavirus Immunology of Rodent Reservoirs: Current Status and Future Directions date: 2014-03-14 words: 6426 flesch: 33 summary: In addition, antigen presenting cells isolated from Norway rats and infected with SEOV in vitro were resistant to stimulation, suggesting that virus infection inhibits the normal signaling activities of these cells [85] . Kinetics of immune responses in deer mice experimentally infected with Sin Nombre virus Experimental infection with Puumala virus, the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica, in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) Intraspecific transmission of Hantaan virus, etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever, in the rodent Apodemus agrarius Modes of Seoul virus infections: Persistency in newborn rats and transiency in adult rats High levels of cytokine-producing cells in the lung tissues of patients with fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome The pathogenesis of nephropathia epidemica: New knowledge and unanswered questions Seoul virus enhances regulatory and reduces proinflammatory responses in male Norway rats Regulatory T cells enhance persistence of the zoonotic pathogen Seoul virus in its reservoir host Seoul virus-infected rat lung endothelial cells and alveolar macrophages differ in their ability to support virus replication and induce regulatory T cell phenotypes A lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Maporal viral infection in the Syrian golden hamster: A model of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome The delicate pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys delicatus) is the principal host of Maporal virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus). keywords: antibodies; cells; deer; disease; expression; hantavirus; host; immune; infection; mice; reservoir; response; rodent; species; virus cache: cord-297834-me1ajoyb.txt plain text: cord-297834-me1ajoyb.txt item: #76 of 107 id: cord-298525-hhcfrjrn author: Hall, Charlotte A. title: Eyeing up the Future of the Pupillary Light Reflex in Neurodiagnostics date: 2018-03-13 words: 7848 flesch: 31 summary: 1. Age-dependent and age-independent parameters in normal subjects The influence of iris color on the pupillary light reflex Visual acuity measured with pupil responses to checkerboard stimuli Spatial pattern as a stimulus to the pupillary system Task-evoked pupillary responses, processing load, and the structure of processing resources Iris mechanics. Function of the pupil in vision and information capacity of retinal image Autonomic control of the eye Evaluation of the pupillary light response as an objective measure of visual function The Pupil: Anatomy, Physiology, and Clinical Applications Factors affecting light-adapted pupil size in normal human subjects Effect of age and refractive error on the melanopsin mediated post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) keywords: cells; cholinergic; constriction; diameter; iris; light; nerve; plr; pupil; pupil diameter; pupillary; pupillometry; reflex; response; size; stimulus; system cache: cord-298525-hhcfrjrn.txt plain text: cord-298525-hhcfrjrn.txt item: #77 of 107 id: cord-298668-ry49o0xj author: Ciotti, John Robert title: Effects of MS disease-modifying therapies on responses to vaccinations: a review. date: 2020-08-01 words: 4572 flesch: 44 summary: Limited data suggest vaccine responses to be preserved with dimethyl fumarate treatment, as well. Vaccine responses were reduced to varying degrees in those treated with glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators, and natalizumab. keywords: group; influenza; patients; responses; study; vaccination; vaccine cache: cord-298668-ry49o0xj.txt plain text: cord-298668-ry49o0xj.txt item: #78 of 107 id: cord-302082-aaokc182 author: Stanberry, Lawrence R. title: Vaccines of the future date: 2011-08-31 words: 7739 flesch: 33 summary: The amino acid sequence of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 shows 25e35% divergence between clades and up to 20% divergence within any given clade, which constitutes a formidable hurdle to vaccine development. The future of vaccine development can build on the knowledge and experience gained over the last 200 years, and at the same time can take advantage of the most cutting-edge technologies and 194 UNDERSTANDING MODERN VACCINES research. keywords: adjuvants; antigen; candidate; cell; development; diseases; hiv; infection; influenza; responses; specific; table; vaccination; vaccine; vector; women cache: cord-302082-aaokc182.txt plain text: cord-302082-aaokc182.txt item: #79 of 107 id: cord-303319-v3iyur78 author: Abe, Takayuki title: Cytosolic DNA‐sensing immune response and viral infection date: 2019-02-26 words: 7830 flesch: 31 summary: Another interesting point is that cGAMP may be transferred from virus-infected cells to neighboring uninfected cells via gap-junction channels, thereby promoting STING activation independently of type I IFN signaling mediated by the IFN-receptor/JAK-STAT axis 5 protein inhibits STING activation that restricts viral replication Modulation of the cGAS-STING DNA sensing pathway by gammaherpesviruses Cytoplasmic isoforms of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus LANA recruit and antagonize the innate immune DNA sensor cGAS Evasion of innate cytosolic DNA sensing by a gammaherpesvirus facilitates establishment of latent infection Inhibition of cGAS DNA sensing by a herpesvirus virion protein DNA tumor virus oncogenes antagonize the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway Hepatitis C virus NS4B protein targets STING and abrogates RIG-I-mediated type I interferon-dependent innate immunity Hepatitis C virus NS4B blocks the interaction of STING and TBK1 to evade host innate immunity Viral evasion of intracellular DNA and RNA sensing DENV inhibits type I IFN production in infected cells by cleaving human STING Dengue virus targets the adaptor protein MITA to subvert host innate immunity Species-specific disruption of STING-dependent antiviral cellular defenses by the Zika virus NS2B3 protease Zika virus elicits inflammation to evade antiviral response by cleaving cGAS via NS1-caspase-1 axis Coronavirus papain-like proteases negatively regulate antiviral innate immune response through disruption of STING-mediated signaling The papain-like protease of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus negatively regulates type I interferon pathway by acting as a viral deubiquitinase SARS coronavirus papain-like protease inhibits the type I interferon signaling pathway through interaction with the STING-TRAF3-TBK1 complex HTLV-1 Tax impairs K63-linked ubiquitination of STING to evade host innate immunity Influenza A virus targets a cGAS-independent STING pathway that controls enveloped RNA viruses HIV-1 evades innate immune recognition through specific cofactor recruitment The capsids of HIV-1 and HIV-2 determine immune detection of the viral cDNA by the innate sensor cGAS in dendritic cells Dengue virus NS2B protein targets cGAS for degradation and prevents mitochondrial DNA sensing during infection Cytosolic DNA-sensing immune response and viral infection keywords: activation; cells; cgas; cytosolic; dna; infection; pathway; protein; response; sensing; signal; sting; type; virus; viruses cache: cord-303319-v3iyur78.txt plain text: cord-303319-v3iyur78.txt item: #80 of 107 id: cord-303674-0xo2fiop author: Criscuolo, E. title: Alternative Methods of Vaccine Delivery: An Overview of Edible and Intradermal Vaccines date: 2019-03-04 words: 7459 flesch: 27 summary: To date, vaccine antigens have been transformed into many edible species including lettuce, tomato, potato, papaya, carrot, quinoa, and tobacco [32] . In this regard, recent work has been focused on vaccine delivery systems, as an alternative to injectable vaccines, to increase antigen stability and improve overall immunogenicity. keywords: antigen; cells; delivery; development; expression; immunogenicity; influenza; intradermal; mucosal; plant; production; response; studies; system; vaccination; vaccine; virus cache: cord-303674-0xo2fiop.txt plain text: cord-303674-0xo2fiop.txt item: #81 of 107 id: cord-305263-fgwf6wy3 author: Wang, Ben X. title: The yin and yang of viruses and interferons date: 2012-02-07 words: 6295 flesch: 31 summary: Remarkably, distinct highly pathogenic respiratory viruses, namely influenza viruses and the SARS-CoV, encode nonstructural proteins in their genomes that function as virulence factors that specifically target the host innate IFN response, further emphasizing the importance of IFNs as broad-spectrum antivirals. IFN therapy therefore has the advantage over DAA treatments in that, in addition to stimulating genes that block viral replication in infected cells, IFNs activate other innate and adaptive immune responses to combat the virus. Polymorphisms in genes encoding factors involved in different stages of the IFN response can lead to marked differences in susceptibility to virus infection and severity of disease, and can also serve as predictive markers for the outcome of IFN treatment. keywords: activation; cells; expression; hcv; ifn; ifns; infection; interferon; protein; response; sars; therapy; treatment; virus cache: cord-305263-fgwf6wy3.txt plain text: cord-305263-fgwf6wy3.txt item: #82 of 107 id: cord-307202-iz1bo218 author: Shaw, Dominick title: Asthma date: 2014-05-02 words: 19202 flesch: 32 summary: The aim of asthma treatment is to improve symptoms, maintain lung function, and prevent exacerbations. Although there are several pharmacological options for asthma treatment (see Figure 28 .4), the two main classes remain bronchodilators (short-or long-acting) and corticosteroids. keywords: airway; approaches; association; asthma; cells; children; control; corticosteroid; disease; effects; exacerbations; factors; fev; function; gene; inflammation; leukotriene; lung; montelukast; patients; polymorphisms; protein; receptor; response; snps; studies; study; symptoms; therapy; treatment; use cache: cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt plain text: cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt item: #83 of 107 id: cord-307229-wjx90xki author: da Silveira, Matheus Pelinski title: Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature date: 2020-07-29 words: 8424 flesch: 30 summary: key: cord-307229-wjx90xki authors: da Silveira, Matheus Pelinski; da Silva Fagundes, Kimberly Kamila; Bizuti, Matheus Ribeiro; Starck, Édina; Rossi, Renata Calciolari; de Resende e Silva, Débora Tavares title: Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature date: 2020-07-29 journal: Clin Exp Med DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3 sha: doc_id: 307229 cord_uid: wjx90xki Acute viral respiratory infections are the main infectious disease in the world. The practice of physical exercises acts as a modulator of the immune system. keywords: activation; activity; cells; coronavirus; cov-2; covid-19; cytokines; disease; exercise; infection; lymphocytes; patients; practice; response; sars; system; tissue cache: cord-307229-wjx90xki.txt plain text: cord-307229-wjx90xki.txt item: #84 of 107 id: cord-309161-ceahghs1 author: Epel, Elissa S. title: The geroscience agenda: What does stress have to do with it? date: 2020-09-28 words: 7756 flesch: 30 summary: It is not just stress responses to major events that matter. Cannon's stress studies led to the popular concept of homeostasis (Cannon, 1932) but a simple linear model of homeostasis does not explain the range of human stress responses, and there have been many elaborations of this concept. keywords: acute; aging; capacity; et al; geroscience; health; hormesis; interventions; life; recovery; resilience; response; stress; stressors cache: cord-309161-ceahghs1.txt plain text: cord-309161-ceahghs1.txt item: #85 of 107 id: cord-311331-l7dehit8 author: Diaz-Arévalo, Diana title: Nanoparticle-based vaccines: opportunities and limitations date: 2020-01-17 words: 5069 flesch: 36 summary: Another study designed a unique structure composed of inter-bilayer-crosslinked multilamellar vesicles (ICMVs), which is stable in the extracellular environment but rapidly released in endosomes/lysosomes, thereby enhancing vaccine immune responses. This mixture amplified vaccine responses and upregulated the costimulatory cells on splenic and bone marrow DCs. keywords: antigen; cells; delivery; dna; drug; immune; liposomes; nanoparticles; nps; plga; responses; study; vaccine cache: cord-311331-l7dehit8.txt plain text: cord-311331-l7dehit8.txt item: #86 of 107 id: cord-311811-nrodyagi author: Schutzer, Steven E. title: The use of host factors in microbial forensics date: 2019-12-06 words: 7653 flesch: 43 summary: Perhaps, the pattern of antibody response which has the most forensic value, by providing a timeframe, is the appearance of IgM first, followed by a B-cell switch to the longer-lasting IgG. During the early phase of exposure, IgM predominates, as time goes on, IgG may wax and wane and IgM is no longer found ( Fig. 14.2) . In an area where recombinant vaccines are being developed or used antibody response would be different between someone using one type of recombinant vaccine as compared with someone using another type of vaccine. keywords: anthrax; antibody; antigens; cases; disease; et al; exposure; igg; igm; infection; person; response; test cache: cord-311811-nrodyagi.txt plain text: cord-311811-nrodyagi.txt item: #87 of 107 id: cord-311823-85wj08gr author: Katze, Michael G. title: Innate immune modulation by RNA viruses: emerging insights from functional genomics date: 2008 words: 9163 flesch: 28 summary: The role of RIg-I in the response to influenza virus infection has also been assessed 10 . A relevant observation in this regard is that early stimulation of the respiratory-tract B cells (within 48 hours of influenza virus infection) was shown to be strongly driven by virus-induced type keywords: cells; expression; genes; genomic; host; ifn; infection; influenza; response; rig; study; type; vaccine; virus; viruses cache: cord-311823-85wj08gr.txt plain text: cord-311823-85wj08gr.txt item: #88 of 107 id: cord-314104-dkm8396y author: Tam, Theresa W. S. title: Preparing for uncertainty during public health emergencies: What Canadian health leaders can do now to optimize future emergency response date: 2020-03-31 words: 3016 flesch: 39 summary: key: cord-314104-dkm8396y authors: Tam, Theresa W. S. title: Preparing for uncertainty during public health emergencies: What Canadian health leaders can do now to optimize future emergency response date: 2020-03-31 journal: Healthc Manage Forum DOI: 10.1177/0840470420917172 sha: doc_id: 314104 cord_uid: dkm8396y There is also a greater recognition of the significant social and economic impacts of public health emergencies and the importance of mitigating these impacts through mechanisms that enhance capabilities. keywords: emergency; health; leaders; preparedness; public; response; risk cache: cord-314104-dkm8396y.txt plain text: cord-314104-dkm8396y.txt item: #89 of 107 id: cord-318272-spt0oea0 author: Bhardwaj, Prateek title: Advancements in prophylactic and therapeutic nanovaccines date: 2020-04-05 words: 14598 flesch: 27 summary: A brief review of computer-assisted approaches to rational design of peptide vaccines Peptide vaccine: progress and challenges Principles of vaccine design-lessons from nature Enhanced and prolonged cross-presentation following endosomal escape of exogenous antigens encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles Advances and opportunities in nanoparticle-and nanomaterial-based vaccines against bacterial infections Protein and peptide biomaterials for engineered subunit vaccines and immunotherapeutic applications Immunological mechanisms of vaccination Micro and nanoparticle-based delivery systems for vaccine immunotherapy: an immunological and materials perspective Towards tailored vaccine delivery: needs, challenges and perspectives CD40-targeted dendritic cell delivery of PLGA-nanoparticle vaccines induce potent anti-tumor responses Dendritic-cell immunotherapy: from ex vivo loading to in vivo targeting Induction of anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell responses through PLGA-nanoparticle mediated antigen delivery Innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment Trained innate immunity as underlying mechanism for the long-term, nonspecific effects of vaccines Pathogen-associated molecular patterns on biomaterials: a paradigm for engineering new vaccines Vaccine delivery: a matter of size, geometry, kinetics and molecular patterns Engineering nanoparticles to overcome barriers to immunotherapy Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-rifampicin nanoparticles efficiently clear Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection in macrophages and remain membrane-bound in phago-lysosomes A therapeutic microparticle-based tumor lysate vaccine reduces spontaneous metastases in murine breast cancer Enantiospecific adjuvant activity of cationic lipid DOTAP in cancer vaccine Dendritic cell-based nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy Adoptive immunotherapy for cancer: harnessing the T cell response Skwarczynski , Multiantigenic peptide-polymer conjugates as therapeutic vaccines against cervical cancer PROVENGE (Sipuleucel-T) in prostate cancer: the first FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine Dendritic cells and other innate determinants of T helper cell polarisation Rosenberg , Cancer immunotherapy based on mutation-specific CD4 + T cells in a patient with epithelial cancer How regulatory T cells work Human memory B cells originate from three distinct germinal center-dependent and -independent maturation pathways Rituximab specifically depletes short-lived autoreactive plasma cells in a mouse model of inflammatory arthritis The cell biology of antigen processing Quantitative review of antibody response to inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines, Influenza Other Respir Single-injection vaccines: progress, challenges, and opportunities Switched memory B cells maintain specific memory independently of serum antibodies: the hepatitis B example Nanoparticle conjugation of CpG enhances adjuvancy for cellular immunity and memory recall at low dose Role of sustained antigen release from nanoparticle vaccines in shaping the T cell memory phenotype Polymeric particles in vaccine delivery Exploiting lymphatic transport and complement activation in nanoparticle vaccines Memory antibody response from antigen loaded polymer particles and the effect of antigen release kinetics Applications of nanotechnology for immunology Vaccine adjuvants: mode of action Mechanisms of action of adjuvants Toll-like receptor signaling pathways Unleashing the potential of NOD-and Toll-like agonists as vaccine adjuvants Activation with CpG-A and CpG-B oligonucleotides reveals two distinct regulatory pathways of type I IFN synthesis in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells Vaccine delivery using nanoparticles Design of a protective single-dose intranasal nanoparticle-based vaccine platform for respiratory infectious diseases Carbohydrate-functionalized nanovaccines preserve HIV-1 antigen stability and activate antigen presenting cells Polyglutamic acid-trimethyl chitosan-based intranasal peptide nano-vaccine induces potent immune responses against group A streptococcus Applications of nanomaterials as vaccine adjuvants Nanovaccines and their mode of action A novel lipid nanoparticle adjuvant significantly enhances B cell and T cell responses to sub-unit vaccine antigens Curdlan sulfate-O-linked quaternized chitosan nanoparticles: potential adjuvants to improve the immunogenicity of exogenous antigens via intranasal vaccination Green synthesis and evaluation of silver nanoparticles as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine Lipid-derived nanoparticles for immunostimulatory RNA adjuvant delivery Artificial bacterial biomimetic nanoparticles synergize pathogen-associated molecular patterns for vaccine efficacy Coated protein nanoclusters from influenza H7N9 HA are highly immunogenic and induce robust protective immunity Viruslike Particles Encapsidating Respiratory Syncytial Virus M and M2 Proteins Induce Robust T Cell Responses Viral-mimicking protein nanoparticle vaccine for eliciting anti-tumor responses Intranasal nanovaccine confers homo-and hetero-subtypic influenza protection Encapsulins: microbial nanocompartments with applications in biomedicine, nanobiotechnology and materials science Biomimetic protein nanoparticles facilitate enhanced dendritic cell activation and cross-presentation Vault particles: a new generation of delivery nanodevices A protective vaccine against chlamydia genital infection using vault nanoparticles without an added adjuvant A supramolecular vaccine platform based on alpha-helical peptide nanofibers Self-assembled peptide nanofibers raising durable antibody responses against a malaria epitope Nanoscale peptide self-assemblies boost BCG-primed cellular immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis Titrating T-cell epitopes within self-assembled vaccines optimizes CD4 + helper T cell and antibody outputs Intranasal delivery of adjuvant-free peptide nanofibers elicits resident CD8( + ) T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity in mice De Berardinis , Vectorized delivery of alpha-galactosylceramide and tumor antigen on filamentous bacteriophage fd induces protective immunity by enhancing tumor-specific T Cell response Targeting mutated plus germline epitopes confers pre-clinical efficacy of an instantly formulated cancer nano-vaccine Heat shock protein-peptide and HSP-based immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer Pre-clinical development of Listeria-based nanovaccines as immunotherapies for solid tumours: insights from melanoma Antitumor humoral and T Cell responses by Mucin-1 conjugates of bacteriophage Qbeta in wild-type mice Intradermal delivery of vaccine nanoparticles using hollow microneedle array generates enhanced and balanced immune response Effect of TLR ligands co-encapsulated with multiepitopic antigen in nanoliposomes targeted to human DCs via Fc receptor for cancer vaccines Tumor growth inhibition by mSTEAP peptide nanovaccine inducing augmented CD8( + ) keywords: activation; adjuvants; antibody; antigen; cancer; cd8; cells; delivery; hiv; immune; immunity; immunization; influenza; malaria; membrane; memory; mice; nanoparticles; nanovaccines; peptide; potential; prophylactic; protein; responses; surface; therapeutic; tumor; vaccine; virus cache: cord-318272-spt0oea0.txt plain text: cord-318272-spt0oea0.txt item: #90 of 107 id: cord-318599-drvjr7gq author: Amankwah-Amoah, Joseph title: Note: Mayday, Mayday, Mayday! Responding to environmental shocks: Insights on global airlines’ responses to COVID-19 date: 2020-09-29 words: 5026 flesch: 36 summary: A network model of effects of social distancing on airline business model. The airliner once dubbed the Queen of the Skies, the most recognisable among the public as well as the preferred choice of global airlines for long-haul routes (Flight International, 2020; Specia, 2020) . keywords: airlines; coronavirus; covid-19; crisis; distancing; firms; flight; industry; responses; term cache: cord-318599-drvjr7gq.txt plain text: cord-318599-drvjr7gq.txt item: #91 of 107 id: cord-319448-gt6uqfrl author: Casadevall, Arturo title: The damage-response framework of microbial pathogenesis date: 2003 words: 5547 flesch: 31 summary: For COLONIZATION A state of host-microorganism interaction that leads to a variable amount of host damage, from minimal to great, thereby reflecting host immune responses that have the capacity to eliminate the microorganism or to promote the development of another state. Although microbial replication can cause host damage, and possibly DISEASE, host damage and/or disease are not essential for microbial survival. keywords: damage; disease; framework; host; host damage; immune; microbial; microorganism; response cache: cord-319448-gt6uqfrl.txt plain text: cord-319448-gt6uqfrl.txt item: #92 of 107 id: cord-320431-0877trhh author: Frey, Andreas title: More Than Just a Barrier: The Immune Functions of the Airway Epithelium in Asthma Pathogenesis date: 2020-04-28 words: 15249 flesch: 26 summary: Implications for asthma Intrinsic phenotypic differences of asthmatic epithelium and its inflammatory responses to respiratory syncytial virus and air pollution Sputum E-cadherin and asthma severity New insights into airway epithelial barrier function in health and disease Barrier responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to grass pollen exposure House dust mite-induced calcium signaling instigates epithelial barrier dysfunction and CCL20 production Quantitative structural and biochemical analyses of tight junction dynamics following exposure of epithelial cells to house dust mite allergen Der p 1 Der p 1 facilitates transepithelial allergen delivery by disruption of tight junctions Characterisation of cell adhesion in airway epithelial cell types using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing Barrier disrupting effects of alternaria alternata extract on bronchial epithelium from asthmatic donors A fungal protease allergen provokes airway hyper-responsiveness in asthma Pollen proteases compromise the airway epithelial barrier through degradation of transmembrane adhesion proteins and lung bioactive peptides Environmental changes could enhance the biological effect of Hop J pollens on human airway epithelial cells Pollen proteolytic enzymes degrade tight junctions PAR2 activation interrupts E-cadherin adhesion and compromises the airway epithelial barrier: protective effect of beta-agonists Interactions of airway epithelium with protease allergens in the allergic response Dust mite-derived Der f 3 activates a pro-inflammatory program in airway epithelial cells via PAR-1 and PAR-2 Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults Human Metapneumovirus: mechanisms and molecular targets used by the virus to avoid the immune system MAPK and heat shock protein 27 activation are associated with respiratory syncytial virus induction of human bronchial epithelial monolayer disruption Rhinovirus-induced barrier dysfunction in polarized airway epithelial cells is mediated by NADPH oxidase 1 Rhinovirus delays cell repolarization in a model of injured/regenerating human airway epithelium Effect of human rhinovirus infection on airway epithelium tight junction protein disassembly and transepithelial permeability Sustained protein kinase D activation mediates respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway barrier disruption Rhinovirus C targets ciliated airway epithelial cells The gene structure and replication of influenza virus newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease Viral protein requirements for assembly and release of human parainfluenza virus type 3 virus-like particles The morphology and assembly of respiratory syncytial virus revealed by cryo-electron tomography Viral diversity in asthma age and respiratorysecretion-specific prevalence of respiratory viruses associated with asthma exacerbation: a literature review Respiratory Syncytial Virus Uses CX3CR1 as a Receptor on Primary Human Airway Epithelial Cultures CX3CR1 as a respiratory syncytial virus receptor in pediatric human lung Human bocaviruses: Possible etiologic role in respiratory infection Human bocavirus: a cause of severe asthma exacerbation in children The effect of corticosteroid treatment on the cell surface glycocalyx of the rat pulmonary alveolus: relevance to the hostparasite relationship in pneumocystis carinii infection Effect of antigen on the glycoconjugate profile of tracheal secretions and the epithelial glycocalyx in allergic sheep Regulation of mucociliary clearance in health and disease Model for the transient subdiffusive behavior of particles in mucus Biological hydrogels as selective diffusion barriers Antimicrobial peptides and innate lung defenses: role in infectious and noninfectious lung diseases and therapeutic applications Role of IgA versus IgG in the control of influenza viral infection in the murine respiratory tract Functions of proteins and lipids in airway secretions Mucins: the frontline defence of the lung Structure and function of the polymeric mucins in airways mucus Structure and function of the cell surface (tethered) mucins Airway mucus function and dysfunction The MUC family: an obituary Mucins and Their Sugars. A concentrations and allergic manifestations in infants Sublingual immunotherapy alters salivary IgA and systemic immune mediators in timothy allergic children Production of salivary immunoglobulin A and suppression of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus-induced airway inflammation by local nasal immunotherapy Chronic inflammatory airway diseases: the central role of the epithelium revisited Innate immunity in the lung: how epithelial cells fight against respiratory pathogens Innate immunity in the respiratory epithelium Airway epithelial regulation of pulmonary immune homeostasis and inflammation The airway epithelium in asthma DAMPs activating innate and adaptive immune responses in COPD S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 activate airway epithelial cells to produce MUC5AC via extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor-κB pathways Dangerassociated molecular patterns and danger signals in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity Type I interferon response to extracellular bacteria in the airway epithelium The danger within: endogenous danger signals, atopy and asthma Innate and adaptive immune responses in asthma House dust mite allergen induces asthma via Toll-like receptor 4 triggering of airway structural cells Transcription of interleukin-25 and extracellular release of the protein is regulated by allergen proteases in airway epithelial cells TLR4 signaling in stromal cells is critical for the initiation of allergic Th2 responses to inhaled antigen Interleukin-1α controls allergic sensitization to inhaled house dust mite via the epithelial release of GM-CSF and IL-33 Proteases induce production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin by airway epithelial cells through proteaseactivated receptor-2 Allergens and the airway epithelium response: gateway to allergic sensitization Commensal bacteria-derived signals regulate basophil hematopoiesis and allergic inflammation Innate lymphoid cells: critical regulators of allergic inflammation and tissue repair in the lung Klebsiella pneumoniae increases the levels of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in human airway epithelial cells Various human epithelial cells express functional Toll-like receptors, NOD1 and NOD2 to produce antimicrobial peptides, but not proinflammatory cytokines Role of double-stranded RNA pattern recognition receptors in rhinovirus-induced airway epithelial cell responses Dynamic cross talk model of the epithelial innate immune response to double-stranded RNA stimulation: coordinated dynamics emerging from cell-level noise Respiratory syncytial virus induces TLR3 protein and protein kinase R, leading to increased double-stranded RNA responsiveness in airway epithelial cells Cutting Edge: keywords: airway; airway epithelium; allergen; allergic; asthma; barrier; bronchial; cells; chronic; cytokines; disease; epithelial; expression; function; human; iga; infection; inflammation; inflammatory; lung; mucus; production; proteins; receptor; response; rhinovirus; role; specific; th2; virus cache: cord-320431-0877trhh.txt plain text: cord-320431-0877trhh.txt item: #93 of 107 id: cord-322913-sq9mq6f1 author: Ciabattini, Annalisa title: Shelter from the cytokine storm: pitfalls and prospects in the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for an elderly population date: 2020-11-06 words: 8078 flesch: 24 summary: The immunogenicity of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine versus 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in adults aged 50-80 years Study of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the elderly in the epidemic of 1989-90 using a general practice database Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly Effect of influenza vaccine status on winter mortality in Spanish community-dwelling elderly people during 2002-2005 influenza periods Efficacy and costeffectiveness of influenza vaccination of the elderly in a densely populated and unvaccinated community Systems analysis of sex differences reveals an immunosuppressive role for testosterone in the response to influenza vaccination A single dose of unadjuvanted novel 2009 H1N1 vaccine is immunogenic and well tolerated in young and elderly adults Immune response following H1N1pdm09 vaccination: differences in antibody repertoire and avidity in young adults and elderly populations stratified by age and gender Role of the microbiota in the modulation of vaccine immune responses The influence of the intestinal microbiome on vaccine responses Antibiotics-driven gut microbiome perturbation alters immunity to vaccines in humans Recent advances in systems biology integrating clinical, immunologic, and omics data can help to identify stable and robust markers of vaccine response and move towards a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in the elderly. keywords: age; aging; cells; cov-2; covid-19; development; disease; gut; infection; influenza; microbiota; patients; population; responses; sars; vaccination; vaccine cache: cord-322913-sq9mq6f1.txt plain text: cord-322913-sq9mq6f1.txt item: #94 of 107 id: cord-324143-ztj6o4ob author: Harper, Craig A. title: Functional Fear Predicts Public Health Compliance in the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-04-27 words: 5746 flesch: 34 summary: In this paper, we explore some of the potential psychological triggers for this inconsistency in social distancing behavior. Specifically in relation to COVID-19, while perceiving the virus to be severe has been linked with worse mental health outcomes (Li et al. 2020) , feeling personally at risk of infection predicted a greater propensity to engage in hand washing and social distancing behaviors in the early stages of the pandemic (Wise et al. 2020) . keywords: anxiety; behaviors; covid-19; fear; health; pandemic; public; virus cache: cord-324143-ztj6o4ob.txt plain text: cord-324143-ztj6o4ob.txt item: #95 of 107 id: cord-324788-echu0zmf author: Aich, Palok title: Modern approaches to understanding stress and disease susceptibility: A review with special emphasis on respiratory disease date: 2009-07-30 words: 7673 flesch: 30 summary: The current review focuses on (a) the effects of psychological stressors in humans and animals, (b) various methodologies employed to understand stress responses and their outcomes, and (c) the current status of the attempts to correlate stress and disease with respiratory disease as model system. Stress responses usually include physical perturbations that can encompass either the entire body or specifi c cellular compartments. keywords: ammatory; analysis; approaches; bovine; calves; disease; effects; expression; infection; infl; response; stress; stressors; studies; susceptibility; system; viral cache: cord-324788-echu0zmf.txt plain text: cord-324788-echu0zmf.txt item: #96 of 107 id: cord-328935-mn8r972x author: Hodgins, Douglas C. title: Mucosal Veterinary Vaccines: Comparative Vaccinology date: 2015-03-13 words: 16353 flesch: 27 summary: The gnotobiotic piglet as a model for studies of disease pathogenesis and immunity to human rotaviruses Comparative studies of the pathogenesis, antibody immune responses, and homologous protection to porcine and human rotaviruses in gnotobiotic piglets Gut microbiota and probiotics in modulation of epithelium and gut-associated lymphoid tissue function Prevention of human rotavirus-induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic piglets using bovine antibody Influence of maternal antibodies on vaccine responses: inhibition of antibody but not T cell responses allows successful early prime-boost strategies in mice Canine parvovirus type 2 vaccine protects against virulent challenge with type 2c virus Boosting of secretory IgA antibody responses in man by parenteral cholera vaccination Cleavage of proteins of reproductive secretions by extracellular proteinases of Tritrichomonas foetus Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines: in vitro PRRSV and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae co-infection model Veterinary Immunology, An Introduction Serum and intestinal isotype antibody responses and correlates of protective immunity to human rotavirus in a gnotobiotic pig model of disease Toll-like receptor 2 and 9 are expressed and functional in gut-associated lymphoid tissues of presuckling newborn swine Efficacy of a recombinant equine influenza vaccine against challenge with an American lineage H3N8 influenza virus responsible for the 2003 outbreak in the United Kingdom Efficacy of a cold-adapted, intranasal equine influenza vaccine: challenge trials Dendritic cell-targeted protein vaccines: a novel approach to induce T-cell immunity Failure of passive transfer in foals: incidence and outcome on four studs in New South Wales Protective immunity in macaques vaccinated with live attenuated, recombinant, and subunit measles vaccines in the presence of passively acquired antibodies Contribution of antibody-secreting cells induced in mucosal lymphoid tissues of pigs inoculated with respiratory or enteric strains of coronavirus to immunity against enteric coronavirus challenge Isotype-specific antibody-secreting cells to transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus in gut-and bronchus-associated lymphoid tissues of suckling pigs Effects of various vaccination protocols on passive and active immunity to Pasteurella haemolytica and Haemophilus somnus in beef calves Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies Nanobodies ® : new ammunition to battle viruses Maternal antibodies against equine influenza virus in foals and their interference with vaccination Egg yolk IgY: protection against rotavirus induced diarrhea and modulatory effect on the systemic and mucosal antibody responses in newborn calves Cholera toxin improves the F4(K88)-specific immune response following oral immunization of pigs with recombinant FaeG A field trial to evaluate the efficacy of a combined rotaviruscoronavirus/Escherichia coli vaccine in dairy cattle Inactivated rotavirus vaccine induces protective immunity in gnotobiotic piglets Possible mechanisms of protection elicited by candidate rotavirus vaccines as determined with the adult mouse model Rotavirus vaccines: how they work or don't work Role of maternally derived circulating antibodies in protection of neonatal swine against porcine group Because PRRSV infection rapidly subverts the host immune responses, an effective adjuvant must overcome immunosuppression caused by vaccine virus and simultaneously potentiate virus-specific adaptive immunity. keywords: animals; antibodies; antibody; cells; diarrhea; disease; efficacy; enteric; et al; iga; immune; immunity; infection; influenza; mucosal; oral; pigs; porcine; protection; prrsv; reproductive; responses; rotavirus; saif; serum; studies; vaccination; vaccines; virus cache: cord-328935-mn8r972x.txt plain text: cord-328935-mn8r972x.txt item: #97 of 107 id: cord-330583-ltkpt80u author: Lee, Kyu-Myoung title: Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea date: 2019-04-22 words: 9205 flesch: 31 summary: As the results conducted meta-analyses to comprehensively analyze the correlations of factors influencing disaster response from a Korean context, the findings show that the legislative factor had direct and indirect influence on the overall process of infectious disease response and that Leadership of the central government, establishment of an intergovernmental response system, the need for communication, information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response. Education and training was analyzed as a factor influencing infectious disease response, while the interview results revealed that education and training not only had a direct influence on response but also had an impact on the relationship between the people in charge of disaster response. keywords: analysis; disaster response; disease; factors; information; korea; management; mers; meta; sars; studies; study; system cache: cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt plain text: cord-330583-ltkpt80u.txt item: #98 of 107 id: cord-332838-i8fjwzm6 author: Woodland, David L. title: Immunity to emerging pathogens date: 2008-09-19 words: 2280 flesch: 31 summary: Emerging pathogens have been defined as infections that have newly appeared in a population or have existed previously but are expanding in incidence or geographic range. Both the CDC (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/eid/disease_sites.htm) and the NIH (http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/healthscience/ healthtopics/emerging/) have classified a number of microbes as emerging pathogens. keywords: disease; immunity; infection; pathogens; response; virus cache: cord-332838-i8fjwzm6.txt plain text: cord-332838-i8fjwzm6.txt item: #99 of 107 id: cord-335871-zieuc7vk author: Brazee, Patricia L. title: Targeting the Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex to Modulate the Host Response and Improve Influenza A Virus Induced Lung Injury date: 2020-05-13 words: 3746 flesch: 28 summary: We have reported that the amplitude of the inflammatory response is regulated by Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex (LUBAC) activity and that dampening of LUBAC activity is protective during severe influenza virus infection. Therapeutic modulation of LUBAC activity may be crucial to improve outcomes during severe influenza virus infection, as it functions as a molecular rheostat of the host response. keywords: host; iav; infection; influenza; linear; lubac; lung; response; ubiquitin; viral; virus cache: cord-335871-zieuc7vk.txt plain text: cord-335871-zieuc7vk.txt item: #100 of 107 id: cord-339694-sp212tai author: Jiang, Xinpeng title: A phase trial of the oral Lactobacillus casei vaccine polarizes Th2 cell immunity against transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus infection date: 2016-03-28 words: 6830 flesch: 37 summary: This vaccine could induce TGEV antibody immune responses in both the humoral and mucosal immune systems. The pig model was developed to study intestinal mucosal immune responses (Ruan and Zhang 2013) . keywords: cells; et al; expression; group; immune; immunization; infection; lactobacillus; mucosal; pbs; piglets; response; tgev; vaccine cache: cord-339694-sp212tai.txt plain text: cord-339694-sp212tai.txt item: #101 of 107 id: cord-339935-tguhrqvz author: Zavattaro, Staci M. title: Introduction: COVID‐19 Viewpoint Symposium, Part II date: 2020-08-12 words: 2245 flesch: 37 summary: For instance, while our contributors were intentionally global, voices from the Global South need amplification regarding pandemic response. Also, while some of the authors noted the cultural differences between countries and pandemic response, more could be done regarding administrative functions within those varied systems. keywords: covid-19; crisis; pandemic; research; response cache: cord-339935-tguhrqvz.txt plain text: cord-339935-tguhrqvz.txt item: #102 of 107 id: cord-342317-m6axi18k author: Leigh, Laurasona title: A Cross-Sectional Examination on the Factors Related to Emergency Nurses’ Motivation to Protect Themselves against an Ebola Infection date: 2020-05-06 words: 3715 flesch: 35 summary: Contribution to Emergency Nursing Practice: 49 • Only approximately 40% of emergency nurses felt prepared to provide care to patients 50 potentially infected with Ebola, even though on average 6.6 hours of training on 51 controlling an Ebola infection was reported and 84% of emergency nurses cited that their 52 place of employment provided accommodations, i.e. adequate patient placement for 53 individuals potentially infected by the virus. Upon obtaining permission from the 215 Review Board, a randomized mailing list of emergency nurses within the United States was 217 obtained from ENA. keywords: ebola; efficacy; emergency; motivation; nurses; protection; response cache: cord-342317-m6axi18k.txt plain text: cord-342317-m6axi18k.txt item: #103 of 107 id: cord-343896-c40fry35 author: Dong, Fen title: Vaccination Route Determines the Kinetics and Magnitude of Nasal Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) date: 2020-10-01 words: 5648 flesch: 39 summary: These results also demonstrate for the first time that immersion vaccines stimulate NALT immune responses in salmonids. In this study, we compared three vaccination routes (intranasal (IN), intramuscular injection (i.m.) and immersion (imm) on trout nasal innate immune responses using a live attenuated IHNV vaccine and found strong and quick immune responses in the olfactory organ IN-vaccinated group. keywords: expression; fish; group; immersion; immune; nalt; nasal; rainbow; responses; trout; vaccination; vaccines cache: cord-343896-c40fry35.txt plain text: cord-343896-c40fry35.txt item: #104 of 107 id: cord-344297-qqohijqi author: Smith, Jacqueline title: The early immune response to infection of chickens with Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in susceptible and resistant birds date: 2015-10-09 words: 5080 flesch: 46 summary: An apparently new respiratory disease in baby chicks Studies of infectious coryza of chickens with special reference to its etiology Cultivation of the virus of infectious bronchitis Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus Coronavirus Replication and Interaction with Host Recombinant avian infectious bronchitis virus expressing a heterologous spike gene demonstrates that the spike protein is a determinant of cell tropism Interleukin-6 expression after infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens Review of infectious bronchitis virus around the world Nephropathogenic avian infectious bronchitis viruses The role of phagocytic cells in enhanced susceptibility of broilers to colibacillosis after Infectious Bronchitis Virus infection Ability of Massachusetts-type infectious bronchitis virus to increase colibacillosis susceptibility in commercial broilers: a comparison between vaccine and virulent field virus Diseases of Poultry A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction survey of infectious IBV infection bronchitis virus genotypes in Western Europe from Isolation of a variant infectious bronchitis virus in Australia that further illustrates diversity among emerging strains A novel genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Japan in 2009 Association of the chicken MHC B haplotypes with resistance to avian coronavirus Transcriptional analysis of avian embryonic tissues following infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus Transcriptome of Local Innate and Adaptive Immunity during Early Phase of Infectious Bronchitis Viral Infection Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Investigations into resistance of chicken lines to infection with infectious bronchitis virus Use of highly inbred chickens in research Studies on genetic resistance to Marek's disease Guide to Probe Logarithmic Intensity Error (PLIER) Estimation. Dramatic differences in gene expression of certain genes, including DDT, SRI, BLB1, HSCB, BF1, BF2, SUCLG2, MX1 and SRI, which are more highly expressed in the resistant N line Table S2 shows all 1930 DE probes) keywords: birds; bronchitis; chicken; disease; expression; genes; host; ibv; infection; line; resistance; response; virus cache: cord-344297-qqohijqi.txt plain text: cord-344297-qqohijqi.txt item: #105 of 107 id: cord-344985-3mu9rrql author: Fakhruddin, Bapon title: Are we there yet? The transition from response to recovery for the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-05-12 words: 4305 flesch: 41 summary: Transitioning from pandemic response to recovery in a spiral fashion: there is a high probability of the second and even the third wave of a pandemic if there is no vaccine or immunization, each new wave pushing the disaster risk reduction cycle from the recovery back to response phase. Ensuring consideration at all levels on government response, policies, plans and logistics regarding the process in which they respond to other emergencies during the pandemic, whilst ensuring scientific harmony, is crucial in ensuring effective response, recovery times, and financial and political stability. keywords: covid-19; disaster; hazards; health; pandemic; phase; public; recovery; response; risk cache: cord-344985-3mu9rrql.txt plain text: cord-344985-3mu9rrql.txt item: #106 of 107 id: cord-354790-xx6imhzb author: Lambour, Jennifer title: Converting monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapies from passive to active: bringing immune complexes into play date: 2016-08-17 words: 6514 flesch: 25 summary: Tsouchnikas et al. 84 investigated the influence of immunization with ICs on the specificity of antibody responses using the E protein of the tick-borne encephalitis virus as an immunogen. Thus, such phenomena can profoundly influence the fine specificity of antibody responses to the same immunogen and must be considered in IC-based vaccination strategies. keywords: antibodies; antibody; antiviral; cell; hiv; ics; immune; infection; mabs; responses; virus cache: cord-354790-xx6imhzb.txt plain text: cord-354790-xx6imhzb.txt item: #107 of 107 id: cord-355541-5sctqkwr author: Alcamí, José title: Current situation in the development of a preventive HIV vaccine date: 2005-07-31 words: 7265 flesch: 32 summary: Finally, social, economic and healthcare aspects of research into HIV vaccines and current controversies regarding the development of clinical trials are discussed. HIV vaccine trial justified A canarypox vaccine expressing multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genes given alone or with rgp120 elicits broad and durable CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in seronegative volunteers Effective induction of simian immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in macaques by using a multiepitope gene and DNA primemodified vaccinia virus ankara boost vaccination regimen Why an HIV vaccine is not currently within our grasp. keywords: aids; antibodies; cells; development; escape; hiv; infection; patients; phase; proteins; replication; response; trials; vaccine; virus cache: cord-355541-5sctqkwr.txt plain text: cord-355541-5sctqkwr.txt